Science 7

Chapter 2

2.2 Vascular System Process. Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

Xylem tissue mptchoreiopnnvlvreaieedrnsyaettslssvowpaffhastrhytoceesmuriclpaaaltrnalhdnsteiutsdpasriospunsodoeorttslatv.hlestadoot

Phloem tissue ltceooapanvlldeal uosnctthdtsevuarrfisopncogaudrtplssahromofttaoitshdsseyeunpeitnlhaetnhtshta.iest

Osmosis sooetrhmtehdiperieffssrumposoelvinaoetbannlnetesomofuetshmwrpbaoartuasegnsrehagoaer

Minerals duesnioteehxrseigdupyenrliiotngochtehct,serwesfaabottryeemrw,oaohxnfyicdgshuecpgnalaraabrn.notdns

Photosynthesis nastuurbaslltyanincethethEaat rathre. formed

50 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Hands On! How water is transported from the roots
to the leaves.
TheThperroecaerses ttwhorovuagshcuthlaer pxyrolecmessaensd.
the process through the phloem.
A. Transport of minerals and water in
plants by the xylem.
cabalsle•o drboPswlamanottessrisuf.rsoem tthhee sxoyillebmy atispsruoecestos
acbalsl•eo drbPalmcatniivntesertaarallssnofsropumosrett.htheesoxiyllbeymatpisrsouceestos

(a) How water is absorbed.
biaronostytoomattrotahXhhsnaeyiigsislreprh.comiOreorasaltatlmstibtoehswon,roos.iolriIulsfsbbgtmsirnehawonparsaostliatsophentiirrogthasffhratoiiwsoirmranaacttfteoeefhe.crlelccsistnuebotrdoysil

o(messfqidueu*cmehOahsibglsizorhmaaefeonstrthseheiesws(omacalisusoteetnmerotc)hfbeecrantaohtmnrnrlaoiecvotuieivnognegnhtmsraceoateinfoltlsn)sooeilnftumhttoaaei-tpoasentoersmltnvohedeleunsatttbiwotloone

sahrooecoit(llipbtvsi)neXamtHoystoolrrewawroemnoemstllamp.tihbnoinrseroteor.uarragblTslhsrsaamrnrodesionipftfeuiahrrsabaaetsliisroocfnirnrbeotelocmlsdo.ttuhhbldeey

mocgforona*llAeocdcwecieuntenilvtrerteasctaiootcrnnarc—onessanspgtaroaarcittnieoslniltsmteothmtheaberramengoeivcofeornomnmceoenfanthrteriagogtfhiiooennr
SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 51

Chapter 2

B. Transport of food (photosynthesis ousttnoilirzetedhdi.sFoororsregtoxaarnemidcp. lAes;nuibmsatalsncaelsowfeheedn
products) in plants. ri-ceIn. the Seeds like corn, wheat and
- In the stem like sugarcane.
• Plants use the phloem tissue to o-raInngthees.fruits like apples, mangoes,
lteraanvsepsotrot fdoioffderesnytntphaerstsizeodf tihnethpelanptlabnyt
active transport.
sPynlatnhtesstirzaendspboyrt othrgeanleicasvuebsstdaunrcinegs
photosynthesis to other parts to be

ttlhtahhheyeeeTTaerhslparsiptshnefharlsdmoolnpooemdeonsmmrwebtthaliebosetlciycloscsakrnutnewset.momiatbhfon.evfdiTtoisnhooagefdbfotaseuoierpndrripa.nvpegewlrdaohsnfiilwtdoesuehtthebeoenyrf
dseuxiaTpcgrrlaaoranisnmseep.d(oprlbat yntotfhseyWnpthareetessrsi,zuerdme finfoloeowrda)ls-cmanoadnbedel

Tissue What is moved Process

Xylem Water and minerals Transpiration stream
Phloem Sucrose and amino acids Translocation

52 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Exercise

1. In plants, water is transported through _________________.
2. The phloem carries water and nutrient minerals from the roots to the leaves.

True or False ____________
3. The _____________ carries food from the leaves to various parts of the plant.
4. A force is used to absorb more water and minerals. This suction force is also
known as the transpiration pull. True or False _______________
5 . “The water transport system in plants” which term is the

correct for the following definition? Xylem or Phloem

6. Recall the main function of a xylem cell.
a. To transport nutrients to different parts of a plant.
b. To make energy for the plant via photosynthesis.
c. To transport carbon dioxide to the leaves for photosynthesis.
d. To transport water to different parts of plant.
7. Select the correct term for the following definition: “ The nutrient transport
system in ______________ plants.” Guard cells or Phloem
8. Xylem tubes transport substances ____________.

a. From the roots to the stem and leaves.
b. From the leaves to the rest of the plant.
9. Phloem tubes transport substances ______________.
a. From the roots to the stem and leaves.
b.From the leaves to the rest of the plant.
10. Xylem tubes transport ____________________.

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 53

Chapter 2

11. Phloem tubes transport_____________________.
12. Phloem tubes transport substances in which direction? Up or Up and Down
13. Xylem tubes transport substances in which direction? Up or Up and Down
14. What part of the plant collects water?
a. leaves b. flower c. roots d. stem
15. Vascular tissue that transports water and minerals UPWARDS from a plant’s
roots is known as______. Phloem or Xylem
16. Plants COULD NOT survive without _______ and ________.
a. Transpiration and Gravity b. Oxygen and Water
c. Seeds and Water d. Carbon Dioxide and Water
17. What is the TISSUE that carries food from a plant's leaves to its cells?
a. xylem b. phloem c. photosynthesis d. vascular tissue
18. What is TISSUE that carries water and nutrients from the roots to every part
of the plant?

a. xylem b. phloem
19. What are the root's job in a plant?
a. absorb water and sunlight

b. give off oxygen and absorb water
c. make sugar and absorb water
d. anchor the plant to the ground and absorb water
20. Select which of the following statements are true for xylem. (2 correct answers )

a. Tubular shape with no cross walls.
b. Transportation of food and nutrients.
c. Water and mineral transport from roots to aerial parts of the plant.

54 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

2.1 Diffusion Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

Diffusion alltohweinagcttoosfpsreparedafdreinegly or

Concentration soameltahirnggein oanme opluancet o f

Particles isasmallpieceofanything.
Solubility tghivaTethnecaaamnmoobuuenntdtooifsfassosoluvlbveesdtnatinncae
Equilibrium opapsotasitnegoffobraclaenscoerbaectwtioenesn

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 55

Chapter 2

Hands On! ecoafnleaTlerhgsdeuytbdhissieftfnaecenroeecnndecceebedneitnftrowatrtheidoeeninfcfuogtwsnraicoodenaine.rtnerata.tsiNoions

thm(TohnihfgoeotiDhslhyteeeiicwfsrafumuardclseteooeuisolnreean)cct(teooupinsarlaetthrrsgttalheio.actewisrloeaennsnfrer)dtotoomcommoaf noraeamcvnaeneosnymavtrerweelaimnhqatiteueorooinnde.fft

cwtcacicFnooeooeriselnlrnllmilladcctdesaehDeemixkafennaifaefenuqttfnmrrmusuaadiistenpbattsiiiosooollre.uaiacnnnd,tcnoseoreonwiodfsfotchshefessoeenotuxnhtcctbtyrehhecagsteehcluttelia,eeorncsntrlnlheescoieusleiwulnnbisdsthissntioefihatdfhaxneecoieyngrrrgecotdhttwhhneeseeoeetnssrr. facbdouoonfneifrfindctfuahotosiceArnpmimooueftensnelreysiucortbededodnsiqseotitmfuartqffrauinoitlubtiiscivbmaouieeorlnte.isenub,odmtiuhfhnT..tasehtutsiThhcsbheeotsaentmktiacswenepooncnvaeetcrpartsmaairlcaeltaleilecoaerndeensst

56 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Examples of diffusion in organisms
1. During photosynthesis, diffusion
of carbon dioxide occurs in the
leaves.
2.During cellular respiration,
oxygen is diffused into plant and
animal cells for cellular respiration to
occur.
3.Diffusion of minerals from the
soil into plant root cells.
Factors that determine the rate of
diffusion.
1.Solubility of substances:
Substances with greater solubility will
diffuse at a rate which is faster.
2.Concentration of substances:
The more the concentration of
substances between two areas is
different, the faster diffusion takes
place.
3.Particle size of substances:
lighter and Smaller particles will
diffuse a faster rate than bigger and
heavier particles.
4.Temperature of particles: The
increase of temperature increases
the kinetic energy of the particles of
substancesleading to faster diffusion.

Brain Teasers
Which process is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 57

Chapter 2

Exercise

Directions : Give 10 example of diffusion in everyday life and how does it diffuses?

No. Items How

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

58 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Diffusion Experiment Date: …./.…/….....

Materials : 4.Water
5.Stirrer
1.BVeagbeytoaibl loeroil 6.Adult supervision
2.Food coloring
3.Two glasses

Instructions :

1. Fill one glass with water to 3/4 full.

2h.aPlfoaunr ibnacbhyhoigilhin.to another glass to about
d3.ifIfnertehnet cboalborys.oil, add food coloring of

i4un.ntUolestsiinnsgyydoaruoswptirlaernetstr,,abbdureat adnkcointnhgoetmmfoiixoxedtdhcecoocloloorlroin.rgs 59

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

r5pcdao.rrieoEnlopfmberloerpdewttasnynccitncehote.eolo(brtohafreabtlohlyinteohgiefl,irrawegnwhldaiocstrhhskeesavfngoedoor dswoufcafi,ottscolohryrottinhhugeer

es6ix.npWgelheriemcnoelinottrfioanrgisdahiifenfes,,ryeiofnutyaocmuaownuantnrtyst totoof cduoosloethrsae.

Record/ Observation :

Picture here

Summary/ Conclusion :

Questions :

intWohwaattderoaynodu ltehfitnfkorwaillfehwapmpeinnutaefste?r the food colouring are dropppd

60 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

2) Osmosis Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning
Osmosis ptsmmloooewotolruahlmeevtriceeeo-hcuanimoglb.enhlessecenpmetrhtn-eocrtmoronoaunbtftgicroaahensnnnaseoteorlfsrlvauooetetmimiuooninnas-t

Effect oorracoocthnhesarencqgaueuewsnehc.iecohfiasnaarcetsiounlt

transpiration aasmteneotrdhmviaeeslimtpaspaenrrnedtotsvcf,atlohsepwursoocesurhragsaot.hisof anlewapfavrloateenmsrt,

Wrinkle soamestlhiginhgt line or fold in
Transpiration tabootllholaoecpwrkabimnsasogrsrolieemttchhrueertloehpmsuaa.tgoswhlseailcwlgueohlnielolesyf

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 61

Chapter 2

Hands On!

csf(wrdoooaOillnmutuescttimeroeannopns)tsoa.riaalrsutrtiteiciiosoalnents)ho(eftmionlopoararwneocsacceorooselunnsatcciboeoeynnfnthtwrmraiaghtothiieocvednher imtmahslreOleoocmmuswagmbblilnhreroagabdsnnuielstaeiqnwoousoctieirtdochletsauhcsreotpssrirsvee.tecmwhTliryhaaio-iltspupepmegrerrrheotmmmopaeeebpaarrtatabbhineslilneeess
membrane.

Effects of osmosis on cells
aoonfnnu1wdmb.aWobotetuehhrtresissniodidefteheqwestuhacaoetolefbncrthcoepeetlhlan.critEnretaiqscllt.iuildoeanesl titponhhsaeas2mrint.dicocteeWslheliless.whooWpeiluualnattrfsttoleitiocdfhrwleteephsaeaorwireunctiatsecleitlldblese.essyr aopoosruau3emrtt.tslsioeciidWssldeisesesh.tiheniTawnnthonsieildtttlhhhepeeeflatpcohrweawteilralct.ciltcbeeeleyslrl

aotauoaobfnnfseOOdlsptspirktoslohldaaemranebnnunagroteeismtensdcs.xiicamseta(aael2lnmlyaocl)wdlilcnespWcacgltllereldsuralisinl.rtunnlossoBkwrs.fimlpuinianontogatsgepbrimtnrleooaftotodatfnrhsriantfbiasinpncyt.lshgleo(at1pehelnnl)seirgstrsWahhrtcoiaatamaeiopnotvleetldenessr. Factors that determine the rate of
osmosis.
httstrminehhauigmoee21tbethvn..hpdCsTe,oeeitkmoeoffafrinsesmoannemcorstecneupelmtoteurniencestsoicnrtiiorsoeasceabinftsrnotiueaeni.eocwtrapwrncceisgaluoleeyrorncsetisinfc.choncfelTfasaernthusnetwithibtsragseaoessierntit.einasopcacn:nraraerecrenIoateafaidfscssstetl:hheeidtiIeessssf,

62 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Let’s answer the questions

1. List the differences between osmosis and diffusion.______________________
2. Mention the similarities between diffusion and osmosis.___________________
3. Write examples of osmosis happening in our lives. ______________________
h4.apWpheenns tforutihtse afrrueitsp.laced in water over time, use osmosis to explain what

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 63

Chapter 2 Date: …./.…/….....

Sa3n)trdCucoDtmuicrpoeatsyrilonefgdMoTnorsannoscpootyrltedons

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning
Monocotyledon asaenAsegidnnio.gyslpeeocrfmotayplleadcnotlsanhsiansvtinhogef

Dicotyledon haAs ptwlaonct owthyolesdeonsse.edling
Stem aoricstpcihnlaeagsnmiotaanobiarnollsvbyheosrudugbybrt,ooeutrryrnsaptdnaicelkabaluonlyt.f

Embryo insaindeuandseeevdeloped plant

Stomata eoyoppaueindnnyeginromsgftseistmhoeorsf.pmloeicraervosessicnoatpnhidce

64 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Hands On! niTtasremhaceunoessurepsensdirtmaaorfatofyioiwrnfnoiagnratrgeonprwdl9atat7nghk–tues9atnt9bnau.dut5ipto%mnob.neyilstytahbaleoossrlotimsobmatsyl.l

awitssaeltWTeevrarhaavmapnetososiprs,vaseiTtrtimaeoratmneinonfssrntopatmihnirsardoattifueolhogrneiwha?elpaprrsapo.rlcWtasen,aststseaurncoidhsf

aTottEtwoitonhhrrnpffvayaaeisadpnenttTIL12tthhtehpesnss..hweeeetrieppso.sLSeovnariierfamtrrobtpayltroeaaiehnpof.tcalamttiaaetoomiiTarTeitooncvkaarnrrhlennateueastsetoova.otlsnhieaafnfltfaswiehsrwspTtcprbphraTwreoahepiearlkrtrarteahaeaalnneaamnpennrtnsortidntlinogcpsnsafoiwtirnnhpfe:esnnitonfrhueeisatamrseotisrartsae.eifiottsnstMhinahwtotntooretnoenloaaepmdtlstneynseevtaspnutatrnoitpwtercapiifffcinsruairoagoteeglhcuaromsldeeessrrf. lpolsatLntethsnr.toiAcuegmlhsinlaeirmnetaincloeatlmsp.oreusnetnotfinwaatlel rthies
ottatitdshhhhrfrreereyaootI3htluucc.ewceiggulsCaooahhtvuwsitxncehcettyadlihseuecdtiecteuot,eioiocrlfcomvafvutunafrheoltrtapsheoTrircrieeormnplatwregrawlpnaashttslnaho.niaeopstnetnnenspirtr.tsalihoertA.itahsefaibotTewvitnooshreaunuaesstr.tntefoDc5asirsum-pcu1fterirlira0oiocen%tomsldgaetf

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 65

Chapter 2

Factors Affecting Transpiration in Plants Air
of tDraifnfespreirnattifoanctaorres:affecting the rate vadtrtrraraiaafotfenpnIIuuffssosnitpsthpiudhoieilrrernotaiahwntapaieirgo.criirlenTsecoshiamrusrsaivgsmuotesearvitsuseniiilnlnilsbdas,gceet,rtarehecftenihesmacadeuistotasserovraearseefont.dduttushhurpaneeacnitdreeawdadiartttti.hthohaeeneeirr
Cellular Factors Water Availability
rsatote23T14m....ho aTTSTefthhotatrrceetuaaiecnowlnltnlrsuaauiupertlalaemnierlrrtaaPbastffeeti.atoiaocrcntunatuolanisoarrdfseroil:tdfeiaetiafshsfftee,rocibfpttuilhnateginotlne,thaoeff, ptbswhtyraoeottTmpehrhareoaetartretaobitooosarnatofnsanrtdrplfsratwtopoinomiistlrnthapitnechtirigaeoaa,unbtstisohoserienolas.rr.tApetehbtdieoyiescnrcleoodrdesfirauwuescraceeintteoilgnyrf
Environmental Factors Surface Area of the Leaves
the5241T3rh.....a THLAWeteietugeimnmmonhdofvpti,sditesrrpiopartyhanne,etmseurpdreiceinro,aptratrilveofesanlscoautcorreiertsy:,.affecting slehaoAfwwlemitahof harealevtrisnasgnesmrpsoiruraertfiasocunerfraaactreeeatah.raena twhiell
Relative Humidity Ascent of Saps
pTMaptpsrahnaerroeotendrTurcspserheerptaoaennetithrrtmtiteaotaeiiatpngnoeormeenefatrrhaalooatatetrlfutteatuithvt.nahnroeeeiestrphsraaoieisaumrtfalmmaaeotwiietxuodippnvanittatreeytereirmtsesilhrceqspiuusneuveslmvadiarreareiipsrdatdtsuoisimtertfhuoeylaeeyrr.. attpgmttotorrhohtftaara231toeheornsn...wtWTleapheAsslShxcpraeCeecphpdeuyttahriuoieieinholrrtrvalaeilfhaenraeneeaessmtteatsssahicseibcowosvi,r,ee.oeoteneeniaooanntfastldwwtpinetwmenq.–peeanuordauTopTu–erslftliderhhle.dnieslweoTsvienrasimn:saahpdpapatpiohis–ttcsoestttlaorheorrlrTaaaesrikacnsharccemanuttetttstohileteieoetsouhwehmsddvsnredanffeooaotrnottshiohlmflcvefalrworieewcsnobuoewasnuuuataa.tttuilggtnehhbcceeagrehhhekysr.l
Temperature
rtshetoelAamrtaaihtvteaiegoehhfvteutrneamnminisdppdieitaryraraktiatnounenrsdeisn.colAorpewseaaensrressess.ttuhhltee,
Light
pclroosTpehoienrttsihotoenmdaalatrtoka.tPohpreeesrneandtecueorinof gftrliagthnhest ipsdidarayiretaiocntnldy.

66 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Opening and Closing of Stomata TpttianhunhrTtreeedeghsrtiefiudeeloernixrtgixnyttwieibtdteooraliietrwoflyli.sortaThorfrwheofdweagrsmglsaultsutlaholaarembodrcdufaarclpetgtcaehseeeleoclrsltpleous.genurueinttn,aswcisarhrhdneadedapecnsenette.hhslsleees.
criosepeSmcletloslanomiisnnweasgidtthaoapnaacdtenonncnialgdsopihussetritn.irntgoTugfhroeetafhteihrpneisdaabiassreyotrottnuwimfcefgtoeeururnaaet.nhriddeIst

tmtobpeScdrhfxoaali453T12ieafogpwfnnl.....heanvn cldsaeaertnip.efeutCDimicencIlnAsicTltreuesraeeiattgrmeindfrnoptsroartinicootfatugaannboiemwonifcriineisdtnfctotasothltpi.toawafhotfheoehwiinanawneTrfrycct:atsratempodfaehhtotronlinreeeaaoriostosrnclinippnmnnpfpetattlsuiahhaotbrnrohanieisiiaonsdnlutetiidnisespcsolctsm.ydlpnhaearp,seeinslwntniiiahnmrdateiuasteltihtirPp.tenknrsaiieowedlnaalsnettaiantishbhoprrttidseaeneoyss bttttlcalpeerrroecaaayr21I678aaonlnnnc.....tvlva pshsssueeAbTeaepppamTsIOssrrtdiiiln.,ahrroropeugaaemdwdenrttvlrttpdiashiiiomoacahoottptiwfiiioepcnnewounoieolrhto.dnmtpanhhaanlristkantfaieeotorinetrsogoitrrfaonnsiegnomatneiphycsntsttffeshshefhtpeiehnsleoeltoewpilceorhfadwrlttteasedsutswiosivnulcoorlreifeiaatggroisnasadlfat.wimian.esohdovtbceirrnepeiwfetdael.iysepfecncrnsomdaokoissimiusfnffnoad:rcittttitsnehhhuhiettgdeeeees.,

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 67

Chapter 2

Conclusion • Pablesnotrybeodf buyntnheecepslasnatrsy duwraintegr thies
peeiiesnavxrTkoercrtntchanheoeetn’suswsssaspmnp.lllwiIytaornoaainbstbtthttuieoueercrrnsaaeetwb.lpiilnsMssiale,lfroprntoagrloceamnefendttthhottrsaaefathtcnnriwseacs1anup0actsmie%rpearculirctlrosialuoayftcncitwtoeh.lienaideIlt,.ll process.
pmdliPfaoflennaortsenc.ntosTcthyeclesesa.denonpaolaulsnsotagnbrdoeudpigcsorhotyaulevpdeeomdnaoanussy

1. Monocotyledons 2. Dicotyledons

(a) Monolnyoocnoetycleodtyolendsoonr morosneoecdotlsehaaf.ve (a) cDoitcyoletydloendsonosr soereddicleoatsvehsa. ve two
(b) They have long parallel veins. (b) Their leaves have net-like veins.
(c) Tinhteeirrnsotedmess.have visible nodes and (c) iTnhteerirnosdteems.s do not have nodes or
(d) They have a fibrous root system. (d) Most dicots have a tap root system.

Exaamnpdlegsraosfs.monocots are rice, corn, Examples of dicots are mango trees,

68 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Exercise

1. What is transpiration? ______________
2. Where in plants does transpiration mainly occur? _________________
3. Which part of a plant are stomata found? __________________
x4y. leWmh?at__p_ro__c_e_s_s__c_a_u_s_es in plants causes water in the soil to move into the
5. Why is the phloem important to plants?

6. Name the parts
A:____________________
B:____________________
C:____________________

7. What is transpiration?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. What are the different types of transpiration in plants?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
p9.roHcoewss?does the opening and closing of stomata regulate the transpiration
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. How is transpiration important to the plants?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. What are the drawbacks of transpiration?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 69

Chapter 2

Revision Test Date: …./.…/….....

Directions: Period 1-7 Test Multiple choice 20 items .

1. Evaporation of water from the lenticels of the plants is known as

a. Cuticular Transpiration b. Stomatal Transpiration

c. Lenticular Transpiration d. All of these

2. Evaporation of water from the stomata of the plants is known as

a. Cuticular Transpiration b. Stomatal Transpiration

c. Lenticular Transpiration d. All of these

3. Evaporation of water from the cuticle of the plants is known as

a. Cuticular Transpiration b. Stomatal Transpiration

c. Lenticular Transpiration d. All of these

4. Which of these are the factors affecting the rate of transpiration

a. Cellular Factors b. Environmental Factors

c. Surface Area of the Leaves d. All of the

5. Which of the following are the drawbacks of transpiration?

a. Stunted growth b. Wilting of the leaves

c. Scarcity of water d. All of these

6. The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane is:

a. homeostasis b. osmosis
c. active transport d. equilibrium

7. The movement of molecules from a place where there is a greater/higher
concentration to an area where there is lesser/lower concentration is:

a. homeostasis b. diffusion c. osmosis d. active transport

70 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

8. A selectively permeable membrane:
a. allows all substances to enter and leave
b. prevents all substances from entering or leaving
c. allows certain size substances to enter and leave
d. allows only waste materials to leave
9. The openings in selectively permeable membranes are called:
a. homeostatic openings b. perforation c. diffusion holes d. pores
10. Osmosis is sometimes referred to as:
a. turgor pressure b. homeostasis
c. active transport d. specialized diffusion
11. An example of diffusion is:
a. water molecules moving into a plant cell after rain
b. red food coloring moving through water until the water is pink
c. water molecules leaving the cells of a fresh water fish, when placed in a

salt water tank
d. none of the above
12. Molecular movement continues even when there is no overall change in
concentration. This is referred to as:
a. active transport b. passive transport
c. homeostasis d. dynamic equilibrium
13. Which of the following is required in the autotrophic mode of nutrition?
a. Sunlight b. Chlorophyll
c. Water and carbon dioxide d. All of the above

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 71

Chapter 2

14. Which of the following is the green pigment used in photosynthesis?
a. Chlorophyll b. Hemoglobin
c. Phytochrome d. None of the above
15. Chlorophyll is mainly located in which of the following part of the plant?
a. Stem b. Root c. Green leaf d. bark
16. Which of the following process converts the light energy into chemical energy?
a. Respiration b. Transpiration
c. Photosynthesis d. None of the above
17. Respiration in plants takes place in _____.
a. Only in night b. Only in day
c. Only in evening d. In day and night both
18. The process through which the roots of plants absorb water from the soil is _______.
a. Transpiration b. Osmosis
c. Diffusion d. None of the above
19. Which of the following plant tissue is used to transport minerals and water from
the roots to the leaf?
a. Phloem b. Parenchyma c. Xylem d. Collenchyma
20. They are pipe-like, consisting of a group of specialized cells. They transport
substances and form a two-way traffic in plants. Which of the following terms qualify
for the features mentioned above?
a. Xylem tissue b. Vascular tissue
c. Root hairs d Phloem tissue

____ / 20

72 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Photosynthesis Chapter 2

Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

Monocotyledon

Dicotyledon

Stem

Embryo

Stomata

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 73

Chapter 2

Hands On!

What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by
which green plants and some other
organisms use water and carbon
dioxide to convert light energy into
chemical energy in the form of food.

When animals and man eat
plants, this chemical energy or food
(carbohydrate, protein, and fat) is
transferred. Carbon dioxide causes
global warming but green plants can
help reduce carbon dioxide since
carbon dioxide is needed for the
process of photosynthesis.

In green plants, Photosynthesis
is able to take place in any green
part of the plant, but mostly occurs
in the leaves where chloroplasts
live. The chloroplasts contain the
green pigment or substance called
chlorophyll to absorb the light needed
for photosynthesis to happen.

What are types of photosynthesis?
There are two types of photosynthetic

processes: oxygenic photosynthesis
and an oxygenic photosynthesis.

The process of photosynthesis
differs in green plants and sulfur
bacteria.

74 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Oxygenic Photosynthesis
coofxapyrIbgnhoeopnntloadmsnyiootnsxlte,ihdwceeuasltiteseosri.rniesTplheuleaatinlsoiztevseegidsrlauaalclslorofensoagellcowatwinoitsdhn:

Carbon dioxide + Water + solar energy Glucose + Oxygen

CO2 + 2H2S + light energy Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
In the case of sulfur bacteria, hydrogen

sulfide is utilized along with carbon
dioxide to release carbohydrates, sulfur,
and water molecules.

The overall reaction of photo-
synthesis in sulfur bacteria is as follows:

(CH2O) + H2O + 2S

The Factors of Photosynthesis

prlptsdaisenretyblhaiaoafqnsontfv41T32mnhtuoutseh..ht.o.eCLsraspiWsCeebsr.ie.ohgesycaaslalrfhinmiohsatngrtettrlchdbiheeooiednntetronprontsosatgohtenrotipnsiesyrrsoelgdl.tmtalhhnfeIdystisieaee.nssiiptsocslamphte.learhxnealoeosbaeIidatvtdssqsnofepateoetrulsssyoirrntgyiy.bhoarfaminoertesbrfsoutdoeemlhuner:nobaedgetfpysplhfnssihoirnlsoaotoout.mtnothnhoottdIeaeess-ft otoppwhapoaodashurtartttrlhirhamemehgohocgsoe321nextaechaooeatn.i.t.rinnoorPtsssdGiPnamnitcnspplosehgshail,rsryohmrhsaeeeenrugfncseefmeuynlatsemopataprsreehsteeenrsnrfhesleornbear.i.eecdcpcderhsotprdOaolhpibbhTeotecsulusmhxoyy.rauhraausceeydtBobaasnseriboeasgnbrnruueevtesastgeescohistipmyttndoanpaetgihgnnicraoxnrnluealgoa tibooaylnshcmessdn.donbngeeeeieatiaundvnauesosssdnnnsel.n,cxididesfnwreaaiitist.dcdodnihsaerctnuxautuegTrdttcwobimiomsrdfvhyhyrhbtaiieeiratoonntiiinohcsaeenatugtimndhoeneosssslr.l
to OThrgeainmispmorstaanncdethoef PEhnovtiorosnymntehnets.is

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 75

Chapter 2

Exercise

1. What does the term photosynthesis mean? _________________
2. State the factors important for photosynthesis? _________________
3. How do green plants synthesize their food? _________________
4. Does photosynthesis in green plants take place at any time? Why? ___________
5. Write down any product of photosynthesis ____________
6. Where does photosynthesis occur?
Ans. ________________________________________________________________
7. What are the products of photosynthesis?
Ans. ________________________________________________________________
8. What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Ans. ________________________________________________________________

What is the importance photosynthesis? Date: …./.…/….....

eTxhpeLepigrrihmotceaenbstsstohorafbtpefhodollbotoywscsyh.nlothreospihsyrlel ilsietshoenpmrimanayryfasocutorrcsethoaf et nyoeurgwyiflol lrepahrnotaobsoyuntthinesthise.

Experiment

Objective : To study the factors that are essential for photosynthesis

to occur.

Problem : Is photosynthesis affected by light, carbon dioxide, and

chlorophyll

Hypothesis : _______________________________

76 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

Materials :

1.Morning glory plant
2.Beaker
3.Plastic bags
4.Iodine
5.Sodium hydroxide
6.Alcohol
7.Alcohol burner
8.Test tubes
9.Elastic bands
10.Black paper bag

Instructions :

p1.utGiteitnaapdoatrtkedromomornfoinrga ngilgohryt.plant and

2tsieu. dnC.owviethr oenlaeslteicafbwainthdsa abnladckplpaacpeeirnbtahge

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 77

Chapter 2

sb3e.oApilf.aterar tetlhyreine tehsotutrus,bepsuwt ithbowthateleraavneds

pt4ch.hlaeaWcnnehgeotehnb.estmheervoleneaavaewnsdatacrrheegcpolaarlsedsf.rtoAhmdedbcioooidllioninuger,

Record/ Observation :

-Leaf in the black paper:________________.
-Uncovered Leaf:___________________

78 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Plant Reproduction Chapter 2

Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

repSroedxuucatlion

repArsoedxuucatilon

Pollen

Fertilization

Pollination

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 79

Chapter 2

Hands On!

pgolppeoeriflaerataohbrravMntwfelsooetlrsotrtsohlhm.sit.vfh.tRmiaTentpehhopglmpeeaslarstntafohneutpldisetnna.luacgAhrpcnetsafaittto.icvseronteAarnbolaolrieefrsfolcoadtroaehewrtt.recsphetah,erTrfoiaesnhvmdrmteeeapuagmacecfyeltlroetesiitohowarpiadantseinavvtroiidrnceestf obfenPaeclawcnotomrfefpspplrisorihdneugdcitnbioynpsliaesnxthtusea,lpworrhoaidcsuhecxctuiaoannl
reproduction.

The two types of reproduction in plants are:

fggscoftrrherieecfaeaoempxetlmrmT1lhrmuea,foh.eoeadSsltideernhtlupeemussaerpnxl)eecaawtfureexptblnotoiiaixutoryotdthwloisoansnufrdelf,tuwefceioourrntspth,ehmfrcigioromcipesctoaninopreohdlfonetuaenouotdaeosrdfcgfeuarwinsntoteancrih,.oenempttempTnsiwolowierh:aru(onftphenmgsed.meslttaaIasualenaaemn.lcretladstSs,eeessde,epodteaesexmebudnstatceoyads,i.sl

1) Reproductive structure

80 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

2) Types of flowers
frimoeuppNrro.oorOdttautahncletltirvpflfeoalowrpwtsaee,rrrtsssso.hdmaoveneohatalhvleaovfleetshasell ttfhhoaeunirr

• Classifying flowers by the four main • Classifying flowers by their
parts reproductive cells.

(a) Complete flower : Has all 4 main parts (a) Perfect flower : Has both stamens and pistils

Examples: Roses, Egg plant, Water lilies Examples: hibiscus, roses and eggplant

(b) Incomplete flower : Has less than 4 main parts. (b) Imperfect flower : Has either stamens or pistils

Examples: Corn, Pumpkins, Papayas Examples: pumpkin and cucumber flowers

spfwacfrinerreasroohvpoene2Timmorcddexo.hlhAs,uvudeaa)Bsceaureitmerclnpiyssxoptcroeriiiuonrnneolpnauonggpdhltddo,llruyrneufeeooelceclfdspupwtppeermuiogooaaepctaa,danrrdltstmuaeetiusoeocnnnor.e,xnttmttfistugoS.eewwananionsIrrlenmiiilgecyttwihhe,seoa(oorebw,spcuupttecsialatttlau.xahilnttglnuonehheautatddeessrtl

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 81

Chapter 2

Activity Date: …./.…/….....

Daphyoonairuwdienrctsaptcpilopaiiecnlnantsutncsr:teecCmsiaehaswnlkoicsterhteosupcdaithhecsylntoiolvtlrswioptinplaeehisafnoyrtbolnilny.dga.hsbIanoavuritneht gipsalyapfounountssrta,sItn’thludledschepranreortasecteimhvseoaswkwoeatfolypeihtanoofctiroonurstbpeybognrirntaahgtteeessaaiasrrnttadinntdo

inCthheloproropcheyslls, tohHfeOpghWroeteTonOsypnMigthAmeKseEinst.CfIoHt uaLnlOsdoRimnOaaPkHpeYlsaLngLtr’sePalAetaIpNvaTeinsINt,!GisSa key ingredient

For this project you will need:

••• 8aa-wm10heitltaeelassvhpeeoseoptneorf sptaupdeernt

To make the paintings :

1. Fold a sheet of white paper in half.
2(pW.aePpuleaserc.detrseeevteemrapllaleteasvfreosmbtheistwpleanetnliftehceycfolelduneitd.)
tA3h.veoPiprdeapsgsleassfitriacmnsldyporouonbnstwhaeitshltehaaevymebesrteabal ekstpwwoehoeennn.
pressed as firmly as necessary.

dpogfrriseeeIcesxaosntsrvaakcesnhrsedltaoudnrddodiotep’nssnh’ettbysvrleleetoswlretabhanlrislobienetugstntoohicnmeuhiasereesbcohalotehlgfoaefrvorroeefptsslyehhpwayesvliltspeheisonaafafsrlwcoielyhmaa.vxSheyopsfmeidneeaol.cnsIh’itnaplclesreaoovvtbheidresienypgaarosirnevmiadhuaebcrildghoe.tbsrWaotgoef

82 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

rbwratphuesyiegeblerSbymbpeaoaciaensmlboilneginnueetdstgltbwd,otermubfauarpmsuscoathttyrohubemensealsetolctul.lheyshdteTato“leohpvqpnrceiausoatossiingpcntabteokht”nrel.oyyotdghkllld,aeuwliniseasrhiscnpwnesogdiicrtvehtttethuimhlrteereheeeamdeys,f
prrwabthuesyiegeblerSbymbpeaoaciaensmlboilneginnueetdstgltbwd,otermubfauarpmsuscoathttyrohubemensealsetolctul.lheyshdteTato“leohpvqpnrceiausoatossiingpcntabteokht”nrel.oyyotdghkllld,aeuwliniseasrhiscnpwnesogdiicrtvehtttethuimhlrteereheeeamdeys,f

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 83

Chapter 2

Plant Reproduction Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

Pollination

poCllrinoassti-on

Self-pollination

Pistil

Fertilization

3. Pollination aaTgnhteeWhnephtrsoeollnilpketeenhnewgsipnrtaoodiln,lreeisnnlesaiaesrscefeutsldplyaiosnmlpldeaenatrusngreiremda,iatnbhlssey..
• fgPloroawlliiennrsattofiroothnmeisftehmtehaemleatrslaetingasmnfeathr. eproollfena

84 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Pollination facilitated by insects, animals Chapter 2

Pollination facilitated by wind

F lowerPinogllinpalatinotnsccaannoecitchuerrdsuerlifn-pgotlhlienadtaeyoorrcartonsisg-hptodlleinpaetned. ing on plant species.

1) Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen otshane2m)tpheCeotlyrlseoptnsiegsgm-praaoinlolifnfraaontmiootnhoenorecppclluaanrnstt owlafhntehdnes
grain to the stigma of the same or a different
flower on the same plant. Some plants
benefit from their characteristics and the
positions of their own stamen and pistil in
the same flower to land the pollen grain on
the stigma to self-pollinate

4. Fertilization dtoFfheovreryaTotirhfdulryiezpuisaistbatesaineotpsodcnarot.delhsmdreT,oehpiopnseevotttuahhpflfleeesisas,sstfaietbkleneiercnddcahsasoastnmoanudfmgecthfecesleesenes,ssefhrstdwuhfosiuietl.f.ll
ttgsitshhhtriaeeacgWtianmnohglulvaeewrcaondlirawellyfntus,ebhdsreetdthoipolrepfiezwrtooahlnenldtelueiaoutconshnclevre.egoudusurlseaaga.innhoTdfphtlahoitfshunellespdesernsptosyocotlwuelenlbeisttohanes
drwoaennohlFedeuealbnsotshpltweeehedeerofmraentihnnurfetdugcirlslidezfepuuiavslssiatdweioonseiftntshtsw.hitniehtaThteoplhstoithopswleloeohulnoasanvrgppdunreplaeueriermc.ngnlesioss:i

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 85

Chapter 2

5. Seed dispersal and germination
waySseeadssfocllaonwsb:e dispersed in many
iasatewnceda1rdy.aoBsfcprukoiorusmsfmtpiont.hopgep:epmWninohagtehnnedpraoprdfelrasulen,itatsisssnueofcsuwhllsyapesreeiptadheses,,
wdofiisnp2pgi.ensWreosisnredaad:rnefWdalriigngadrhwa-twsdasieyseipgsseuh. rcts,hesdoastsheteheyedcssaehneabdvees
rsgoooeenffrloeeeta3owdan.pmAssiilmneaanstdctiaomowe.lesnTaat.seohlll,wWoeafswnonpha,oeoelctaddhtnrhn:eeetbdayFsrnyrwsfauiiumgintilthclsdsageh,ldesaaaaerrnsmtenfrdetaiihmntcvfheiaaeagettsllseese.ff,oraeatoonhdrmddees
csftaolpusloiars4dtehna.aCeintmdosdaiantssaclpgthsfiuucihnrrfksoogogumtraownatdhelyaiefenthiy:dniamSsmvl.ooeaamvlyhefeohugoarsrkaveosseertsdoaehsassutstmtiauacnacckdhnhy pgfaNorleoalelrroWcmmswehuianieinwltalangyhtbesesflaeereaeceefntddoeodrsngrsgvaeg.irrrrroemoownwdinimneaigpenti,notoottsnhaintreleeecdsqwoeuoneinpdrdetlioastsinotwthhtnsieesl.l

tychooeua1nt.sgeeWaepsadlaitlyenc.rtocoaartnsmgoeoritsmhtauintreatthehetehrlproosoutgssohafttnehden
and2.ePnlearngtsynpereodduocxtyiogne.n for respiration
Datenimfdf3ep.creTehrenaemttmusprieceeaersal.dtrsueraegcraotfiowfenwcstesilnlthitneheednisfzfeyeemredenss.t

86 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

4.2 Asexual Reproduction bsuucdkdeinrsg.. The reproduction is called
ts(frhufeteeesAprmiiortrsionslpeidzaxfouaoruftcrtsiaotmrieslonapun)rlc.reeohoHdpafaounrspcwodtlrdeaioofvnueonetmtc.ssrt,,aiwllopeeinaltahgvnoeaitsusms,teauttthnhsedeees pgaslra2oin.wntRssinwehtpeoarevnoetedprwuooctoianttitsdooienwvsiidtbhauynaedlryopebolsratesntah:tdsaMftsruacuiacnt nhy

pla1n. tRsecparnordeupcrtoiodnucbeybsytethmesir:sSteommse. pmaslaa3lrn.egtaRsinfehocpafarvloniefdegulrepocalwtaivonienntsstobainaynndwleehfawuicvcpehhlsast:inhatSesso.ulmecahef
tatsuSawhhtnntshoea1oddilt)cloesgochnpHurniagsrengosfnrnagrroooincaguzerweyronrrreownduhowtoanoffasronrnlitttinhu.eezdstenormoStsnedogs.gntmmarTaeicolnshlwelauyael.ntslpnhsyedtmalgrdahataaanawrrgltlhevls,briepz,oceholwsaaermarunlylievoceetesdenhsss. Sstginhuore4aacmy.fhsteaiPhnraplogeaslr,anptalnttraiontmypspdeeraaroargiunpepasgapaitn,egrggodbaraitumicnicoduahlnlantgugrygbrrraaaetyeflftqtccihinnuhrugoagnmp,n.iqstaciu,tnlieesesfoss:t
soaubaflatsnnnuo2tddilttobr)heeenpenhrTdsogeath.utrdsafobeAostuesroowentrteesduodsmabol.lssefretweuyneracimltiemdhhssaisafvaat,fheewlsoarsroattetftuohosennrtfertodcecrto,byehyneeulpfotsoslaebntosingnssduui.nctooosAghrff,

pwpounrrlh3aodai)ncdebPthrusolgacvwrnneeotieulslgonawrdfdrofibestushvyhune.mocdlohSoastpnuasuycscicksnbhteataeorlanmlsesansdnecpiawnaisnsncueuylcaucgokpmkurepeonprrlwgesss 87

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

__________________ Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai meaning

Hands On! tpionhfrceoprdelraiuasnscitnitnbgivgioidthtyeeumcimnhaannanodclopcfgoooyprrduifsaolanottoidcorenea.snwpdiothnpdltahntoet

ahiaamnnlaspddvoPoeplruhatlarnaenendnltsptetrissposbtlireriaionoaindnbtcdeualeececgtvrhcitiveconoiultonoydltdplueiosiirntnageiohglayinamssnpepp.clasrleTo,anmhvtypeesesemntrshoetat.anslneIttt,

88 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

thlipwibopeTanmehffarrlarfccaeoibegpvPcshrnepsieeerilondteeaaobatiinsgneqbpvnastcccetauegreesyoahcte,eebildnhopsteadniihnoonunsnleaalitc.uodoqepnintngnsuNclnidmatveyehuonils.dsapetnvmwtyixsmaorcaibitosmrmlbaodpoiedenuptaiglrzitueitmyrynyehocostcetevohtf,tierlihnefpevceapaemyishadtnltihancbeynsvdcecnineeiaeqarpttnnpnesnpuealcalcaanaeafnenoesinonsstdddnesstt.tt Basic steps of plant tissue culture
Pro5p.a1gaBtioiontechnology for Plant TbscaaimnthaeweelselaAmlddhoeryiigiidpsuvlloe.eilmutadaroannenwcggtcddatiarilntlsolllwoeulsgwuiwuscrlsloeiunbapwtlctnhtelouauidantrnlyrttetuatioosnwirnunedaiisnnldunlfggetcedihrnrewnoereeaeuvrgmdwpoesryoleotoopontdupfsltgpaihcaairneenwofnttlotsiwlidcoslr.l
oiupaaindsrrceteliearSnnosecrogtengaihcmrsenvbaeteiehlqinotgehutTutheeeehmenbcandmbehriueiten.mnnivcrPoakebllotloaeiovofngrpesfptyeotlepdaiisfsxlntasthttouniosenetnpsscteecrhtoauiasopwrlptetnauaehg.rycraeaaiTverttioeoeess capsuafpprtshdnulleiaaemerddNenpndmiutoottppfilitsbooactrleirranteaoseesmn,lsnse.teulseptdsyhruedlivanibiacscingcnsrnat,outtgdalepltpatnicusprnpchopsrldueanedursropniueeqadhtcsobulaiusrsnretrceopogmmtdceiahvpedacciedrpitnisoeyelilepcuad,shaitsnu.nibesctceeIulsiapnens-,tl
aloiwcamneunofiaotxdnahcvitisdhnehtctshiseusathuie,rraooleamtrnnnuroctdaeroaoterectctnteidhmsreydisseateoootsllriis.rnkcgaoiMpssrnhtyehiultenoa,ehensrftndoidestusthrlmeti,mynneerndpgsmocmteeushnoarr,coeentaaiatthsctthinrucrsoeearatulirems.sstc,paesehalkuptadnheaetniidnaecsst

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 89

Chapter 2

Bre5e.d2ingBiaontdecPlhannot PlorogdyucftoivrityPlant ahcohatrnifelaogsteernrohbnsrsei.prchreIsoinandsprrutietvshetsertcecai.seaisntenniatntsmsgbtoteehhaadawnrvinedasedeythdu,aerscaseoenmesmdosians.ega-tTmmaenhdnooedcddyuheiirffaaiiineevtrgddoee
TsspaoopcouohfgerrgolcpesruDcibctarecthieiicelnosueewfisoenidlmmstisratuetmehfiosssruc,istelsarhbfbetsloaessuailosirsteantuedveTtnddhsiecphrdeeieshrattsohchniipisrbenteoeloeasyslledolsgeeuemgtarctnsdaiiyfostcvfnii,fencauifidsrmicircloditetsuoutasnehlsrnntsmmeeitloeoiv.Teaatstuhihn.jnnTsaoeatgdeosrr.i tptlimdTtoeonhhhnofelscoaeaegseTaadntpfiirdrtgotnihwtirfeoelieeromelcdoiondesvlalubwiirtttrmdrisbhpianeiaonteauecgdringtbtstis.aeaniettitnhscrrrbcabseietauaeheiienttmnpedhsrstttbea,peleegesftexedraoeitascrhnfrnuemuiiedefnndpliloeptddyltotgdalhfeheeeenasertsxohsnttigorpfteeescagerttudhoehnwentianseadtgnieaslttrileeurgnebttobhntsigdelileceeeecst,.
bgirneeitosonGuteetlethcs(nefhreionnDtmoictNhlooAeegtnhmyogefoitrntodhpeielfeiainerntsiadntesrggroteirstthopterhglaeadnneut.isssTiemrheosids)f
coontccototrahaernhfhbaerlweaanGgttlpeahr.orseMaadilepTfrntaeciclhOgaeaprdttnereiedn.glneeartrtdeasdiinsfswenlirtrttio.tspeieisiclchilmtldArsianscheafnoaatadgtfetttlhsrvelrgofpyeeontmelghhmuuetngoehnsa.oesaneeddsTteenshsihnifeeenaiaeteolrdpmetednathnpcrxin-eaeoemftepsernfgwaofrgodeeseerradifrisrptnngen,oisefegliriiatnisebhronnmiaaidenensttll

pTahnlaedEnyxftlsaaerasmehrepmslteooosdmthiofaaifettodtgehetseonyaehnctaidacvneasltkhlryeaaewrmpdboeleodrrnpirfigieeeeesdr.l

90 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

ringIns oafggroebneasctwerhiiucmh,repplaliscmatiedfsr,esemlyaolfl engDinieseardinvgantages of genetic
cpmroelaalelcndl.hitenriW,socpmphalaierocrsnskymoeintmdihgdeeaaDnsdN,ndeeApcwsloaiisrpygeireedeansmnegooifetmvotnhepaeedopDrotlaaNf nnAatt ctpshuoraocn•thtm caaGamasneyiunnbtnareeadtteinechdssammidrremuoitdrdfhiugniaflegiertnmodtehfcseupolflmransonsuomutbdsmbsifctaieacacrnanstect.iboreieans
aplavfsermocmtiodrt.hDeTNhaAegrsoebleacctteedriuDmNtAo saenrdvethaes par•e nNtepwlaanltleursgeednsinmtahyeaprrisoecefrsosm. the
DpiNeacAreeissthwineistnhecratuentdeinntzoypmieec.eTshleikseepleucztzelde
taogriinengththeoerf psolatshmatidthDeNpAlawsmhiicdhbmecaotcmheess
apglarDosNbmaAicdttehirsaiuttmhheaansndraethinneeswertgeednein. Tthhee
DchNraAogmtrhooasbtoacmcatererrioeiufsmthiesnienwsegrteendeitno tthhee
pislacanutplttluharanettdhcaeaslnl.dtAhtfehteunrsethwraettsr,authiltte.s pinlaantnceewll

Advantages of genetic engineering
trai•ts .It creates plants with desired
res•is tIatncceretoatdeisseapslaesntasndthpaetsths.ave
pro•d uIct ticviatyn. help control plant

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 91

Chapter 2 Date: …./.…/….....

Exercise

MCTMhaoaenHdkmeCeo.latwAhrreyDKWNitditAohs
tgtbrhwmohooaeaailtnwesnirrtkiekeiciintmaetaiiugtsrcbpsnhspoofdetoulchrearrttlaarycehsttniaahntowtanrogwilnotcysiiduenmesalirndtona.hagudnhaInryocetsehwfIotsfolwpfpoeghfeufeeeeraseeuleocMardalanssttptrnhhiyeitefbvkl’cgweettmeniitsawchoeeilmohtoryrseaphaewenem.ulcoospisAesthrhuyhauitbNtitotnannhlsitutwDddggoaceistt
dakcbttaishonorboeeaonncomGBtwv’oudteaeRmstiktnsrichnsnCceGeaaisouetAMttitwcsicnro2DoesOstnwimiNansssgihmsgAtmaeyst.n.nooniosdionvenMFieprmselrrolwT,aoapnaHcdmhoggeiFirlneetatRedagrnbinnsiesslm.tba,ocetSeibumbvucntteususaeccrtsdttyhohiitehdooh.ainnannaettgIssyssyst

92 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

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SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 93

Chapter 2

Activity Date: …./.…/….....

Directions : Read and answer the following questions.

Materials :

••••• pwknweeoiirryeneedyrc(iln2beugetgntsaeaodrusssege(p6sli:ceIorsulosres)36 gauge and 18 gauge)

Steps to Make a DNA Keychain
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piece of the
piece of the

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3•. BaTeaunkdeshtthahepeetWh(iianrernoseuranwnddirtehSeatanmrdtidBbduelineldd)i.ningto
•• ATwsuadirgkdeeatratwhbnoeedtbahadeicdaskddteosrthbfwreooirtmehpahwanoibdrseeptshah.edattpheainairnnedr

94 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 2

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• Pbeualldthsetoegnedthseorf(dthoen’wt piruelsl ttoooptiugthtthlye)

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6.Finish the DNA keychain:
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•• YshoaupceanofliDghNtAly itnwitshtetoarlpehparehseelnixt.the

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 95

Chapter 3 Substances

Radioactive Elements
States of Matter

Chapter 3

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 97

Chapter 3

States of Matter Date: …./.…/….....

Words to Learn

Picture Word Meaning Thai Meaning

solid fsluhiadfiprme; annodt slitqaubilde oinr

liquid lci.ikeoe.n,hsftalhtovaawinntitgnovgfaowcfluroaemnteeselyris.obteruntocoiyl,f
gas olfwmnvairqofeohasueaaliftoiciuldtxylcehime)dso.rtdo)unietitbsanafwhinsil(nlaaidtuletplahnrensn,eeltohxc(iauwkpaetfneeihvaxlioinenkoilddgnaeer
melting dpuroetchteoeshseaoaftc.ltiqi ouenfyinogr

boiling bvtbearumipnbtpoghbreilen.ergastuaaarnleciqdatuittiodwurnhtnoicsthhotoeitf

98 SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7

Chapter 3

Hands On!

asonMmd eactathtneinbrgeisiinstshmoealiddm,elaiqotuerirdciaoolmr ogpafossweshtdaictoeh.f
• What is the name for solid H2O?
• What is the name for liquid H2O?
• What is the name for gaseous H2O?

Exercise

cDoirrerecctiot ynosu:rUwsoerkth. e words in the box to complete the table below. Check and

Fixed Close Vibrate Weak High Far Randomly Arranged

Characteristics of a… Solid Liquid Gas

Very close to other __________ to other Very _______ from
particles. Solids particles Liquids do other particles.Gas
Particle arrangement have a _________ not have a regular particles are not

regular pattern. pattern. ___________ at all.
Particles move
Movement of particles Particles _________ Particles move freely freely and randomly
but don’t move from and _____________ and collide into each
their positions. while colliding into other at ________
each other. speed.

Space between each Extremely small Small Large
particle

Particle binding forces Strong ___________ Very weak

SCIENCE LEARNERS MATERIALS GRADE 7 99