03_HV_Equipment

Circuit breakers LTB145D1/B with FSA1
The MITRPHOL BIO-POWER PHUVIANG

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 1

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 2

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Why do we have Circuit Breakers?

To switch transmission lines, transformers, cables,
busbars etc.
Frequent switching of capacitor banks and reactor
banks
To open an electrical circuit
To close/reclose an open circuit
And of course the most important to clear a fault to
protect equipment and human life!

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 3

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Rating and specification

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 4

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Main components

❑ Breaking chamber
❑ Support insulator
❑ Operating device (FSA1)

+ Closing spring / Trip
spring
+ Position indicator
❑ Pole beam / Steel support
❑ Torsion tube
❑ Gas tube
❑ Gas supervision

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 5

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Design

❑ New energy efficient version of the
well proven LTB-D breaking
chamber.

❑ Simple and reliable torsion tube
system transmits the forces between
the phases.

❑ All indications and gas monitoring
devices easy visible from the same
side of the circuit breaker.

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 6

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Interrupting chamber_Auto puffer type

Auto-Puffer™ for CB type:

❑ LTB D
❑ LTB E

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 7

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Interrupting chamber_Auto puffer type

❑ SF6 gas compression to an overpressure to
break the normal operating current

❑ SF6 gas in Auto-Puffer heat up by arc energy
and increase pressure to break the short
circuit current

❑ Less energy required from operating
mechanism

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 8

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Operating device_FSA1

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 9

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Operating device_FSA1

❑ Standardized design developed to fulfil
the most common customer demands.

❑ The proven design has been used for
the ED breakers for many years.

❑ Now improved and adapted to operate
our AutopufferTM circuit breakers of the
LTB D type.
– LTB D, 72,5 – 170 kV
single pole operation
– LTB D, 72,5 – 145 kV
three pole operation

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 10

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

FSA1_Component identification

1. Main shaft
2. Switching shaft
3. Damper
4. Operation lever
5. Close spring
6. Trip spring
9. Close lever
10. Close Coil
11. Trip Coil
12. Op. Counter
13. Motor
15. Aux. Contact
17. Manual close lever
18. Manual trip lever
19. Spring charge

indication
20. Position indication
21. Worm gear

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 11

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Operation

Local/Remote/Disconnected switch (+S4)
❑ For normal operation, the "Local/Remote/Disconnected" switch

is in the "Remote“ setting for electrical remote control.
❑ In the "Local" setting, operation can only be executed using the

"Close/Open" control switch.
❑ The "Disconnected" setting is used for maintenance.

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 12

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Operation

Closing operation (Local)
❑ The "Local/Remote/Disconnected" switch is in the

"Local“ position.
❑ The closing spring is charged.
❑The circuit-breaker is in open position.
❑ The gas density is larger than the blocking level.
❑ The "Close/Open" control switch is set to “Close".

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 13

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Operation

Open operation (Local)
❑ An opening operation for a closed circuit-breaker can be

performed when the "Local/Remote/Disconnected" switch
is in the "Local" position
❑The gas density is greater than the blocking level
❑ The "Close/Open" control switch is set to “Open".

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 14

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Functional description

Closing spring charging
❑ The closing spring is charged by a motor(7) via a

worm gear which generates power and thereby the
possibility of a closing operation.
❑ A closing latch device keeps the closing spring
charged and ready to close the circuit-breaker.
❑ The closing spring, which is automatically charged
following each closing operation.

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 15

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Functional description

Closing operation
❑ Close signal presents at closing coil.
❑ The closing latch is released from the main shaft (1) and

the closing spring (2) trips.
❑ The cam disc (3) rotates via the closing lever (4). The

switching shaft (5) is put in motion and the circuit
breaker closes.
❑ The trip spring (6) is charged and locked by tripping
latch.
❑ The motor charges the closing spring following each
closing operation, via the main shaft (1) and worm gear.

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 16

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Functional description

Opening operation
❑ Open signal presents at trip coil.
❑ The tripping latch device releases from the

switching shaft (5) and the trip spring (6)
trips, and thereby opens the circuit breaker.

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 17

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

SF6 gas system

❑ SF6_Sulphur hexafluoride
❑ Insulating gas and arc extinguisher
❑ One gas compartment
❑ Gas density monitor / relay

Abs. pressure at 20 C ( MPa )

Filling 0.70
Low density stage 1 0.62
Low density stage 2 0.60

❑ stage 1_Warning alarm
❑ stage 2_Blocking closing and opening operation

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 18

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Maintenance

Interval 1-2 years
❑ Visual inspection
❑ Cleaning (external and where necessary)
❑ Gas pressure check

Interval 3-6 years or 2,000 operations
❑ Preventive maintenance of operating device

and circuit breaker (refer to product manual)

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 19

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LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER_LTB 145D1/B

Maintenance

Interval 15 years or 5,000 operations
❑ Overhaul of operating device and circuit breaker

(refer to product manual)

Interval 30 years or 10,000 operations
❑ Complete overhaul of operating device and circuit breaker

(refer to product manual)

The number of short circuit current approaches the curve
❑ Replace breaking units

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 20

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HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS

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Operation Training – MITRPHOL BIO-POWER PHUVIANG
115 kV Air Break Switch

Winad Sitthisorn

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 1

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September 26, 2021

115 kV Air Break Switch ( ABS )

Air Break Switch

- Use for disconnect power supply between 115 kV PEA line and
MBPV Substation

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September 26, 2021

115 kV Air Break Switch ( ABS )

Detail Air Break Switch

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September 26, 2021

Operation

- Manual operation by manual
handle

- Check Earthing Switch inside
Winner Substation to be open
before operated

- Operated by PEA is recommended

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September 26, 2021

Maintenance

Note: For a query regarding spare parts, subsequent deliveries etc. the following
information is necessary: Switchgear type, Hapam serial number and year of
manufacture. This information is shown on the rating plate.

Caution: Before starting maintenance work all safety precautions and local and general
regulations should be followed. Be sure that the switch is disconnected from all
electric power sources. Make sure the operating mechanism is locked and secured
and the power supply for the motor drive is interrupted. Ground leads or the
equivalent should be attached (on both sides) to the equipment.

HAPAM switches are almost maintenance free. However, to improve the reliability under all
circumstances it is recommended to inspect the equipment every 5 years or at least after
every1000 operations. Depending on the local (atmospheric) conditions inspection at shorter
(or longer) intervals may be necessary. If the equipment cannot be inspected periodically, it is
recommended to open and close the switches whenever it is possible to do so, in order to
clean the contacts and free the moving parts. During periodical maintenance the following
actions shall be carried out

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS Slide

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Operation Training – MITRPHOL BIO-POWER PHUVIANG
115 kV Disconnecting and Earthing Switch

Winad Sitthisorn

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS 6

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September 26, 2021

Agenda

1. Equipment Overview
2. Detail Equipment
3. Operation

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1. Equipment Overview

Disconnecting and Earthing

Disconnecting Switch
• Mechanical switching device which are used for

disconnecting of the circuit under no load conditions
• For the purpose of maintenance
• Operates under no load condition
• Opened only after opening the circuit-breaker
• Opening and closing of a current carrying circuit is performed

by a circuit breaker
• Does not have any specified current breakeing capacity or

current making capacity
• Used in addition to circuit breaker
• Generally 3-pole isolator
• The simultaneous operation of three poles is obtained by

mechanical interlocking of the three poles
• The operating mechanism is manual plus one of the following
– Electrical motor mechanism
– Pneumatic mechanism

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September 26, 2021

1. Equipment Overview

Disconnecting and Earthing

Disconnecting Switch
• Provided with the following interlocking to prevent the mal-

operation
– Interlocking between three poles for simultaneous operation
– Interlocking with circuit breaker

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS Slide

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September 26, 2021

1. Equipment Overview

Disconnecting and Earthing

Earthing Switch
• Connected between the line conductor and earth
• To discharge the voltage trapped on the line capacitance to

the earth

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September 26, 2021

2. Detail Equipment

Disconnecting and Earthing Switch Rating Plate

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September 26, 2021

2. Detail Equipment

Disconnecting and Earthing Switch Rating Plate

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September 26, 2021

2. Detail Equipment

Disconnecting Switch

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September 26, 2021

2. Detail Equipment

Earthing Switch

HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS Slide

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Disconnecting Switch Operation and Mechanism Box

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Disconnecting Switch Operation and Mechanism Box

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Disconnecting Switch

The motor-operated mechanism hardly needs any maintenance.
It is recommended to have an inspection carried out together with the inspection of the
corresponding disconnector or earthing switch after the first 5 years of operation, at the latest,
however, after every 1000 close and open operations. The inspection intervals mentioned
above apply to normal ambient conditions. For extraordinary conditions (e.g. use in tropical
climate or at excessively low temperatures or heavy pollution) these intervals should be
reduced by 50%.

The following details should be observed during the inspection or random test:
a) Stop electrical supply to disconnector and earthing switch. Care should be taken that
heating circuit and control voltage of the blocking magnet are disconnected

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Disconnecting Switch

b) Observe IEC and national safety regulations.
c) Carry out several test operations by hand.
d) Check safety contact (14) (for details see section 8), limit switch (17) and heating resistor
(11) for proper functioning.
e) Check Auxiliary switch(es) (3) for proper contact make in both switching positions.
Adjustments of the Auxiliary switch, if required, should only be made by specialists.
f) Check proper functioning of blocking magnet (19) and interlock switch (51), for details see
section 8.
g) Check whether the control and signalling cable are properly fitted to all terminals.
h) Check whether the movement is properly transmitted from the operating shaft (10) to
Auxiliary switch via control disc (13). If necessary, clean and grease the guides and running
surfaces.

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Disconnecting Switch

i) Check for inadmissible ingress of foreign bodies and moisture.
k) Clean filter insert of cable gland (16) in supply lead plate (9).
I) Check gasket (21) of the door (12a) and replace, if necessary.
m) After inspection, carry out a number of electrical test operations and reconnect the heating
circuit and the blocking magnet to the power supply.
CAUTION :-
- Ensure that Auxiliary switch elements position or orientation is not altered if it is removed for
any maintenance work.
- Ensure blocking magnet (if provided) is in disengaged position.
- Cleaning of any plastic parts must be done with dry cloth only.

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Earthing Switch Operation and Mechanism Box

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Earthing Switch Operation and Mechanism Box

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Earthing Switch

The manual operating mechanism hardly needs any maintenance.
It is recommended to have an inspection carried out together with the inspection of the
corresponding disconnector or earthing switch after the first 5 years of operation, at the latest,
however, after every 1,000 close and open operations. The inspection intervals mentioned
above apply to normal ambient conditions. For extraordinary conditions (e.g. use in tropical
climate or at excessively low temperatures or heavy pollution) these intervals should be
reduced by 50%.

The following details should be observed during inspection or random test :
a) Stop electrical supply to disconnector and earthing switch. Care should be taken that
heating circuit and control voltage of the blocking magnet are disconnected.
b) Observe IEC and national safety regulations.

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Earthing Switch

c) Carry out several test operations by hand.
d) Check heating resistor (11) and thermostat (22) for proper functioning.
e) Check auxiliary switch(es) (3) for proper contact make in both switching positions.
Adjustments of the auxiliary switch, if required, should only be made by specialists.
f) Check proper functioning of blocking magnet (19) and interlock switch (51). For details see
section 8.
g) Check whether the control and signalling cable are properly fitted to all terminals.
h) Check whether the movement is properly transmitted from the operating shaft (10) to
auxiliary switch (3) via control disc (13). If necessary, clean and grease the guides and running
surfaces.
i) Check for inadmissible ingress of foreign bodies and moisture

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September 26, 2021

3. Operation

Maintenance Earthing Switch

k) Clean filter insert of cable gland (16) in supply lead plate (9).
l) Check gasket (21) of the door (12a) and replace, if necessary.
m) After inspection, reconnect the heating circuit and the blocking magnet to the power supply.

Caution :-
- Ensure that auxiliary switch elements’ position or orientation is not altered if it is removed for
any maintenance work.
- Ensure blocking magnet (if provided) is in disengaged position.
- Cleaning of any plastic parts must be done with dry cloth only.

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HITACHI ABB POWER GRIDS

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