8. landscape

DDWQ2173
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 3

LANDSCAPING WORKS

RAFIZA BINTI MOHAMED &
SITI MARLIZA BINTI IBRAHIM

MAIN COMPONENTS
Soft Landscape

Hard Landscape

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SOFT LANDSCAPING HARD LANDSCAPING

What is? What is?
Hardscape or Hard Landscape refers to the
Softscape or Soft landscape refers to the heavy elements of a Landscape design like
lighter elements of a Landscape design like stone, rocks or driveways
soil, plants, flower or even color
combination of a garden. Landscape features which gives the landscape
form and structure on which the softer
EXAMPLE : elements can perform.

• Tree Planting EXAMPLE :
• Turf Establishment
• Native Planting Screens
• Shrub planting
• Annual bedding displays
• Green walls
• Wildflower Meadows

Walkways Park Square Water drop & Sculpture
lighting pond

Waterfall Pergola Masonry Water
bench fountain

Soft Landscaping

HARD LANDSCAPING SOFT LANDSCAPING

Soft Landscape

SAMPLE DRAWING SOFT LANDSCAPE

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Types:
• SHRUB
• PALM
• CLIMBER
• GROUND COVER
• TREE

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Herbal Plant

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LANDSCAPING WORKS

SEEDING

TURFING
PLANTING

Soft Landscape Step Works

1) Preliminary works 2) Seeding 3) Turfing
6) Mulching
• Top soiling
• Cultivating
• Fertilizing

4) Planting: trees, 5) Plant protections
young nursery stocks,
shrubs, corms, tubers,

hedges, and
herbaceous.

1a) TOP SOILING

Top Soiling

To protect newly excavated soil Involved spreading of vegetative
surface from erosion. soil on sub-grade/to planting area.

1b)
CULTIVATING

1b) Cultivating Soil

Sodding – removal of turf grass

Tiling the soil by hand Tiling soil using portable tiling
machine

1b) Cultivating Soil

Preparation of soil where plant is going to grow.

Involves the removal of stones, turf grass, tiling soil, and weeding activities.

Method of cultivating:

Hand machine

1c) FERTILIZING

Fertilizing

Application of fertilizers to enhance
growth of the seed or plant.

2) SEEDING

Seeding by hand

Seeding by
machine

Turfing

Closed Turfing Turfing

• Grass plant without Spot Turfing
gap in between each
other • Grass plant with gap in between
each other

• TURFING TECHNIQUES • TURFING TECHNIQUES
– PLUGGING – SPRIGGING

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– SODDING
– HYROSEEDING

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Mowing the turfing

• A turf maintenance activities
• Frequencies - depending on types of turf.
• Once a month is a normal practice for building compound.

Tree Planting

• TREE

– PLANTING PROCEDURES

• PLANTING HOLES
• BURLAPPING / BALLING

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• TREE TRANSPANTING
• PLANTING

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• STAKING
• MULCHING
• MAINTENANCE

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Tree Measurements Clear Stem

Bulb size/Root Overall Height
system

• MAINTENANCE

• WATERING
•

• WEEDING

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◼ PRUNING, TRIMMING
◼ SHAPING

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◼ FERTILIZING

◼ DISEASE AND INSECT PEST CONTROL

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◼ REMOVE DAMAGE OR DISEASED PLANTS

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Tree labelling (W16.5)

Shrubs Planting

• Small trees, e.g. Eurycoma longifoliajack.
• A woody plant with a framework of branches and little or no

central stem.

Bulbs Planting • Plant that have underground
fleshy storage structure.

• Any plant that stores its
complete life cycle in an
underground storage
structure.

Tuber Planting

• A flat underground stem which stores
food and plant energy, and from which a
plant grow.

• There are two types of tubers:
• Root Tuber - An enlarged root that
stores food for the plant and from
which shoots will grow.
• Stem Tuber - The enlarged tip of a
food storing rhizome or underground
stem

Corms

• A swollen stem base that is modified into
a mass storage tissue.

Hedge Plant

A wall composed plant,
normally shrubs

Herbaceous Plant

• Plant whose stem is soft and green
• Little growth of wood
• Propagated from cuttings
• Having medicinal properties

Protection of Plant
(Tree Guards)

Protection of plant (Wrapping)

.

• Purpose: to protect tree from physical
damage and modification of the immediate
environment.

Tree
Wrapping

Protection of
Plant
(Anti-desiccant
sprays)

Purpose: to protect plants from
winter burn injury.

MULCHING

Mulching

• Purposes:
• to conserve moisture under planting bed or trees.
• To reduce weed growth.
• To stabilize soil temperature.
• To improve overall site appearance.

• Applied after bedding planting of trees.
• Type:

• Coconut fiber, dried grass clipping, composed grass,
leaves clipping, tree bark clipping, and shredded
wood.

• Gravel, rubber, and plastics.

Hard Landscaping

Walkways Park lighting Square Water Sculpture
drop &
pond

Waterfall Pergola Masonry Water
bench fountain

Hard Landscaping

- Known as hardscaping
- Refers to all the non-living elements in landscaping.
- Its necessary before soft landscaping features come into play.
- Needs careful planning, as they are permanent features, and not easily moved.

Materials used for hardscaping Examples of hardscapes
❖Brick ❖Rock Walls
❖Natural stones ❖Pergolas
❖Paving stones, ❖Decks
❖Concrete ❖Rock Pathways
❖Timber ❖Stone fountains
❖Pool