BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGY Prepared by Teh Cai Ying MS2213208509 H1T03A Lecturer – Madam Tamilarasi
SET A QUESTIONS 1 Ecosystem diversity is one of the three types of biodiversity. Briefly explain on the ecosystem diversity and give THREE examples of terrestrial ecosystems. [5 marks] 2 Construct a food chain which consists of FOUR trophic levels based on your own observation on the lake ecosystem in KMPP. [5 marks] 3 For the above food chain, classify the organisms at every trophic level into taxonomic groups of domain, kingdom, phylum, and genus/species. Identify at least ONE unique characteristic of each organism. [20 marks] 4 A food web may create a more stable lake ecosystem. Explain on this statement with a possible example of food web (which consists of 3-5 food chains) for the lake ecosystem (provide also a diagram of the food web). [5 marks] 5 Explain the effects of water pollution on the lake ecosystem. Suggest ways to prevent this environmental issue. [5 marks]
Ecosystem Diversity Ecosystem diversity refers to the big variety of environments which produced by the interplay of the living organisms and non-living world and its impacts on humans and the environment. Examples of terrestrial ecosystems: • Tropical rainforest • Grassland • Taiga
Food Chain in Lake Ecosystem in KMPP ALGAE TADPOLE SMALL FISH BIG FISH
Trophic level 1 Green algae (producer) Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Protista Phylum: Chlorophyta Species: Chlamydomonas sp. Characteristic: Photosynthetic
Trophic level 2 Tadpole (primary consumer) Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Species: Rana sp. Characteristic: Herbivorous
Trophic level 3 Zebra fish (secondary consumer) Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Species: Danio sp. Characteristic: Carnivorous
Trophic level 4 Glit-head bream (tertiary consumer) Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Species: Sparus sp. Characteristic: Carnivorous
FOOD WEB The food web is a network of food chains that are interconnected at various trophic levels and forms a numbers of feeding connection amongst members of biotic community. Food web is more stable because a certain predator has a choice to feed on different types of prey. Algae Larvae Small fish Tadpole Zooplankton Big fish
Water pollution Effects of water pollution on lake ecosystem : ● Reduced the number of organism ● Algal bloom ● Eutrophication Ways to overcome water pollution: ● Use minimum amount of pesticides around the lake ● Awareness campaigns ● Install filters for drains