Excel in MUET

PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

v Contents Foreword ........................................................................................ ii Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... iii Model Test 1 Paper 1 Listening ........................................................................................ 2 Paper 2 Speaking ........................................................................................ 7 Paper 3 Reading ........................................................................................ 11 Paper 4 Writing ........................................................................................ 23 Model Test 2 Paper 1 Listening ........................................................................................ 26 Paper 2 Speaking ........................................................................................ 32 Paper 3 Reading ........................................................................................ 36 Paper 4 Writing ........................................................................................ 48 Model Test 3 Paper 1 Listening ........................................................................................ 50 Paper 2 Speaking ........................................................................................ 56 Paper 3 Reading ........................................................................................ 60 Paper 4 Writing ........................................................................................ 71 Model Test 4 Paper 1 Listening ........................................................................................ 74 Paper 2 Speaking ........................................................................................ 80 Paper 3 Reading ........................................................................................ 84 Paper 4 Writing ........................................................................................ 95 Model Test 5 Paper 1 Listening ........................................................................................ 98 Paper 2 Speaking ........................................................................................ 104 Paper 3 Reading ........................................................................................ 108 Paper 4 Writing ........................................................................................ 120 Tapescript .......................................................................................................... 121 Answer Key .................................................................................................... 145 Excel in MUET(2023)_Prelims_vim3p.indd 5 1/6/2023 9:41:44 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

1 PAPER 1 LISTENING (800/1) PAPER 2 SPEAKING (800/2) PAPER 3 READING (800/3) PAPER 4 WRITING (800/4) MODEL TEST 1 MUET Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 1 1/6/2023 9:38:29 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

2 PAPER 1: LISTENING (50 MINUTES) Part 1 Listen to a conversation between Syana and her friend Hafiz. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 1 to 7. 1 Syana went to Melaka A for a vacation. B to visit a friend. C to carry out a project. 2 Syana and Unn travelled to Melaka by A flying. B driving. C taking a bus. 3 The hotel was different from other hotels because it offered A rooms that feature five designs. B a breathtaking view. C super-friendly staff. 4 The thing that Syana liked best about the hotel was A the design of her Dutch Square room. B the puff pastry at the Super Rabbit café. C the cafe’s unique menu of Asian-Western Fusion Cuisine. 5 After they checked in at the hotel, Syana and Unn A got the brochure. B had a trishaw ride. C downloaded the city app. 6 Syana was surprised that the night market had A a selection of antiques. B a huge range of goods on sale. C a cheap price of electronic items. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 2 1/6/2023 9:38:29 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

3 7 Which map shows the correct position of the four food stalls? A B C Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Deep-fried octopus Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Deep-fried octopus Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Nestum prawn Entrance Steamed seafood Local veggies Deep-fried octopus Nestum prawn Deep-fried octopus Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 3 1/6/2023 9:38:29 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

4 Part 2 Listen to a talk by a teacher about a successful chef called Rayyan Mukhlis. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 8 to 14. 8 How many times has Rayyan visited the school since he left? A Once B Twice C Thrice 9 It took Rayyan a long time to perfect A his grilling skills. B his broadcasting skills. C the recipe of his signature dish. 10 Rayyan decided to sell his Wellington Beef through social media because A he wants to have his own talk show. B his Vlog amassed a large number of subscribers. C he did not have enough money to open a restaurant. 11 Rayyan’s first steak house stood out among other restaurants because A he built his own flavour profiles. B his signature Wellington Beef in particular was an instant hit. C he possessed strong skills in the various areas of food preparation. 12 The difficulty that Rayyan faced when he reopened his fourth steak house was A looking for staff. B satisfying food critics. C getting glowing reviews. 13 Rayyan’s steakhouse was named Luscious House of Steak because A the puff pastry is crispy and flaky. B his signature tenderloin felt relishing and satisfying. C his Wellington beef is impressively cooked to juicy perfection. 14 Rayyan’s story makes us realise that it is important to A excel in exam and life. B work hard to achieve our goal. C have a strong drive and clear vision to achieve our goal. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 4 1/6/2023 9:38:29 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

5 Challenges of Being a Backpacker A Falling sick B Dealing with the unexpected C Running out of money D Dealing with the language barrier E Living on a strict budget Part 3 Listen to three students; Mika, Dora and Sofi a, talking about the challenges of being a backpacker. For questions 15 to 17, choose from the list A to E, the main challenge each speaker faces. Use the letters only once. There are two extra options which you do not need to use. Main challenge: 15 Mika 16 Dora 17 Sofi a Part 4 Listen to a radio interview between a host and stunt performer named Anny Rosamund about how to become a successful stunt performer. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 18 to 24. 18 To work as a stunt person in the UK, it is recommended that a stunt performer A works as a fi lm extra. B undergoes training for a year. C attends private ‘stunt schools’. 19 What is the most important thing needed to become a great stunt performer? A Physical endurance B Highly specialised set of skills C Total commitment and passion 20 What is a stunt performer’s secret to success? A Have heart and people skills B Training 25 hours a week in a gym C Able to get up one more time than you have been hit down 21 Which of the following is true about the invaluable skills required as a stunt person? A Learning how to fall so that it looks natural B Learning how to fi ght naturally with weapon C Learning how to fi ght so that it looks natural 22 How do stunt performers stay safe on set? A Constant communication with the actor B Through a system of checks and balances C Addressing diff erent parameters of safety Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 5 1/6/2023 9:38:30 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

6 23 In a professional shoot, an action completed by a stunt should be A believable and lifelike. B made to look as gnarly. C out of control as it can be. 24 What key advice does Ms Anny have for aspiring stuntmen? A Have an area of expertise B Consistent training at the gym C Make connections in the industry Part 5 Dialogue 1 Listen to the promoter talking to a customer about a one-day island hopping tour in Langkawi. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 25 and 26. 25 During the activity, A visitors are not allowed to swim in the lake or lounge. B visitors will be charged an additional fee of RM6 for sightseeing. C visitors are highly recommended to bring their own food and beverages. 26 Visitors should A carry their own snorkelling gears. B bring paddle boats and life jacket. C pay an additional fee of RM3 for tickets to Tasik Dayang Bunting. Dialogue 2 Listen to a conversation between Ryan, a representative from Acrylic Painting Studio and Kayla, a caller. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 27 and 28. 25 The workshop which applies to Kayla is the A Acrylic Colour Palette Workshop. B Basic Acrylic Painting Workshop. C Acrylic Colour Mixing Workshop. 26 Kayla can attend the workshop on the 10th of October in A Jalan Imbi. B Brickfields. C Bukit Bintang. Dialogue 3 Listen to a conversation between two friends, Yashmin and Ziq discussing their hotel bookings. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 29 and 30. 29 Yashmin and Ziq chose Philea’s hotel because A world-famous attractions are within ten minutes’ drive only. B it is right behind the cluster of the city’s urban shopping centres. C it sits beside the idyllic Melaka River with a scenic water feature in its courtyard. 30 What do Yashmin and Ziq plan to do separately? A Look for a flight B Look for eateries C Go window shopping Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 6 1/6/2023 9:38:30 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

7 PAPER 2: SPEAKING (30 MINUTES) CANDIDATE A Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation There can be multiple drawbacks to online learning. Suggest some of the drawbacks that students and teachers may face with online learning. Candidate A You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about little or no face-to-face interaction. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation Despite the drawbacks, the Covid-19 pandemic has forced most educational institutions and training organisations into using online classes. In your group, discuss how students can study online more eff ectively. At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best way for students to study online more eff ectively. Take breaks Set daily goals for studying Create a dedicated study space Actively take notes Join the set up discussion groups How can students study online more eff ectively? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 7 1/6/2023 9:38:30 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

8 At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best way for students to study online more eff ectively. CANDIDATE B Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation There can be multiple drawbacks to online learning. Suggest some of the drawbacks that students and teachers may face with online learning. Candidate B You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about an intense requirement for self-discipline. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation Despite the drawbacks, the Covid-19 pandemic has forced most educational institutions and training organisations into using online classes. In your group, discuss how students can study online more eff ectively. Take breaks Set daily goals for studying Create a dedicated study space Actively take notes Join the set up discussion groups How can students study online more eff ectively? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 8 1/6/2023 9:38:31 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

9 At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best way for students to study online more eff ectively. CANDIDATE C Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation There can be multiple drawbacks to online learning. Suggest some of the drawbacks that students and teachers may face with online learning. Candidate C You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about more work for student and teacher. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation Despite the drawbacks, the Covid-19 pandemic has forced most educational institutions and training organisations into using online classes. In your group, discuss how students can study online more eff ectively. Take breaks Set daily goals for studying Create a dedicated study space Actively take notes Join the set up discussion groups How can students study online more eff ectively? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 9 1/6/2023 9:38:31 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

10 At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best way for students to study online more eff ectively. CANDIDATE D Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation There can be multiple drawbacks to online learning. Suggest some of the drawbacks that students and teachers may face with online-learning. Candidate D You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about diffi culty in fi nding the right environment for study. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation Despite the drawbacks, the Covid-19 pandemic has forced most educational institutions and training organisations into using online classes. In your group, discuss how students can study online more eff ectively. Take breaks Set daily goals for studying Create a dedicated study space Actively take notes Join the set up discussion groups How can students study online more eff ectively? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 10 1/6/2023 9:38:31 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

11 PAPER 3: READING (75 MINUTES) Part 1 Read three advertisements on concerts. Answer questions 1 to 4 based on advertisements on concerts (A to C). Which concert 1 fits students best? 2 awards points? 3 is disabled-friendly? 4 caters to all age groups? A: Elbow Concert B: Arrow Concert C: Vein Concert • 20% discount for early birds • Get 100 Premiere Ribbon points • Wheelchair accessible • Student price tickets available • Redeem free parking for five tickets and above (purchased online or at the counter) • 200 seats only • Senior citizens get 50% off • Free drinks • No camera and recording allowed in the hall Part 2 Read a letter from an employer. Answer questions 5 to 9 based on the letter. 1 2 3 Dear Mr Lee, Thank you for applying for the opening in our company and sending in your design samples. I have reviewed your style and thought about the issues you raised during our last discussion, especially your reluctance to create new design samples for our evaluation. Since then, I have received new design samples from more than ten candidates, lending credence to their work. Eventually, I have concluded that your samples are insufficient to help me reach a thorough conclusion about your qualifications. We have since appointed a new Chief Designer for our company. However, I would be happy to work with you on a contract basis if you agree. Thanks again, Mr Lee, for your interest in joining our company. Cordially, James Newton Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 11 1/6/2023 9:38:31 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

12 5 James Newton sent the letter because he is A rejecting an application. B approving an application. C approving application for a different position. 6 James Newton stated that A he is welcoming Lee to the team. B the design samples were not enough. C the design samples were not received. 7 The company A has just begun to operate. B is searching for a new Chief Designer. C has received design samples from ten candidates. 8 The purpose of this letter is to A introduce the design samples to Lee. B thank Lee for sending his design samples. C turn down Lee’s application for Chief Designer’s post. 9 James Newton A rejects the design samples. B appoints Lee to work full-time at the company. C turns down the candidate’s application politely. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 12 1/6/2023 9:38:31 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

13 Part 3 Read an article on hiking. Answer questions 10 to 14 based on the following passage. 1 Hiking has a lot of advantages for us, making it a wonderful way to experience nature, keep active, and enhance both physical and mental health. It is a top-notch sort of exercise that can boost heart health, lower blood pressure, and minimise the danger of developing chronic conditions like diabetes and obesity. Moreover, hiking builds muscles, enhances body balance and coordination, and aids in keeping a healthy weight. To have a safe and enjoyable hiking experience, there are a number of useful safety tips. 2 If you are new to hiking, choice of a simple or intermediate trail is appropriate to start with, and you can progressively advance to more difficult hikes. Spending time in nature has been linked to improved mood, self-esteem and cognitive function as well as reduced stress and anxiety. When carried out with friends and family, hiking can also enhance social relationships and give a sense of accomplishment. This can be achieved by picking a trail that is appropriate for your age group and degree of fitness. 3 Hiking, if done appropriately, can be a safe and pleasant exercise. Always adhere to the ‘Leave No Trace’ guidelines, which call for proper disposing of waste, staying on authorised trails, and showing respect to other hikers and wildlife. Stay on designated paths, pick up any trash and litter before leaving the forest, and safeguard the ecology by not disrupting the wildlife or vegetation. By following these simple rules, we will be able to ensure our safety as hikers do face the risk of injuring themselves if they unintentionally step on trash or getting lost by veering off the stipulated track. These guidelines also enable trekkers to enjoy mother nature and at the same time help preserve it. Thus, trekkers both present and future could be assured of a safe and pleasurable experience. 4 Apart from enjoying a soothing natural environment for the benefit of mind and body, hiking can also be a wonderful way to burn calories and maintain a healthy weight. It enables us to move away from the hectic city life and really immerse ourselves in nature. It has been demonstrated that spending time in nature reduces stress, anxiety, and depression while enhancing the mood and the cognitive function. Getting away from a busy environment by going trekking and being exposed to a wonderful stress-free natural setting is a great activity to stabilise one’s mental health. Hence, hiking indeed can be a beneficial way to burn calories, maintain a healthy weight and a sound mind as nature provides a calming environment required by both the mind and body. 5 Depending on the trail and weather conditions, additional gear such as rain gear, sunscreen protection, and insect repellent may be necessary. Since hours would be spent on the terrain, checking the weather forecast and trail conditions beforehand should be done by using a checklist. In addition, always remember to dress appropriately for the weather and terrain. Wearing comfortable and breathable clothing allows for freedom of movement and extra layers are recommended especially if the weather is unpredictable. 6 In conclusion, hiking is a fun and an advantageous exercise that promotes both physical and mental health. For a safe and pleasurable trip, hikers should plan and prepare in advance, taking into account its duration, rise in elevation, and terrain. Ensure all essential gear is packed, such as a pair of good hiking boots, a rucksack, a GPS or map, water bottles, and a first aid kit. Do not forget to do your homework on the route and the right equipment to ensure your safety as well as that of the environment. Remember also to keep hydrated and remain alert while hiking. Enjoy your hike! Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 13 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

14 10 One of the benefits of hiking is A it increases blood pressure. B it helps recover from fatigue. C it reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. 11 An essential piece of hiking gear is A whistle. B torchlight. C hiking bOots. 12 What should hikers consider when planning a hike? A Enough rest B Energy consumption C Trail length and difficulty 13 It is important to stay on designated trails so that hikers can A explore more hiking trails. B avoid disturbing wildlife or plants. C maximise the impact on the environment. 14 How can hiking improve mental health? A It increases endurance. B It triggers stress and anxiety. C It enhances cognitive function. Part 4 Read two articles about alcoholism. Answer questions 15 and 16 based on Article 1. Article 1 1 Drinking has now become a serious problem among men and women. One third of the adult male global population is involved in drinking and it is becoming a habit, especially in developing countries where alcohol consumption rate increases by approximately 5% every year. Every 8 seconds, there are people getting into alcohol-related problems. Alcoholics who are involved in serious drinking deprive their families’ income, raise the cost of healthcare and contribute to economic downfall. It can be said that alcohol-related diseases kill one to twenty adults a day globally or cause 3 million deaths yearly. Many people are not able to perform in their jobs because of alcohol abuse. 2 Studies show that few people understand the risks of consuming alcohol in their daily lives. For example, a 2015 survey in Country A with a population of 33 million revealed that 37% of alcoholics knew that consuming alcohol causes heart and liver diseases while 17% knew that it causes cancer. The same survey done in Country B with a population of 29 million revealed that 27% of alcoholics knew that drinking can cause bleeding in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, damage to brain cells, pancreatitis and liver cancer. 3 Children are not spared from this evil. Many children do not have a proper childhood as their families have become dysfunctional as a result of alcoholism. They do not get proper education and are forced to work at a young age because their parents are not able to provide for them. This forces many of them to the fringes of society or lures them into criminal activities such as gangsterism and drug trafficking, all of which give negative effects not only to the families but also to the country. 4 Positive measures should be taken to tackle the issue of alcoholism as it is a major contributor to many of life’s woes including the high rate of road accidents related to drunk driving and the ever-increasing divorce rate contributed by this menace. Fortunately, alcoholism is treatable and can even be cured if the alcoholics reach out for help. (Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org/alcohol-consumption) Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 14 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

15 15 What do we know about alcoholics based on the article? A Alcoholics are able to do their daily jobs. B Alcoholics are not aff ecting their family members. C Alcohol consumption among males and females has become a serious issue. 16 How are the contents of this article organised? A Information on alcoholism ➡ Details on alcoholism ➡ Studies on impact of alcoholism ➡ Solution to reduce alcoholism B Studies on impact of alcoholism ➡ Details on alcoholism ➡ Information on alcoholism ➡ Solution to reduce alcoholism C Details on alcoholism ➡ Solution to reduce alcoholism ➡ Information on alcoholism ➡ Studies on impact of alcoholism Answer questions 17 and 18 based on Article 2. Article 2 1 The problem of alcoholism has posed a serious threat to modern civilisation. In fact, it can be seen that around the world, particularly in the west, teenagers are turning to alcoholism. 2 Alcohol is a major psychotic drug used worldwide. In the US, it is estimated that more than 13 million people are identifi ed as alcoholics. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III-R) reports that according to a community study, approximately 13% of the adults had alcohol problems or dependence at some point of their lives. Heart disease and cancer related to alcoholism is the third largest health problem in the US today. As estimated by DSM III-R, about 35% of American adults abstain, 55% drink less than three alcoholic beverages a week while only 11% drink an average of one ounce or more alcohol a day. 3 Cancer and heart diseases are major health eff ects caused by heavy drinking. It is also responsible for lowered work effi ciency and absenteeism among industrial workers. It is considered the third major cause of death in the USA. The average lifespan of an alcoholic is 12 years less than that of a non-alcoholic person. 4 The WHO (1969) has defi ned alcoholism as excessive drinking and dependence on alcohol to such a high degree that noticeable mental disturbances or an interference with the mental and bodily health are seen. It also impacts one’s interpersonal relations as well as smooth social and economic functioning. 5 Alcoholism is a highly complex disorder involving multifarious causes. Thus, the appropriate approach to the treatment of alcoholism seems to be multidisciplinary. Alcoholism requires fl exibility and individualisation of treatment procedures. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 15 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

16 17 Why does the writer include information about health issues? A To support the drinking habits of alcoholics B To highlight the health problems caused by alcoholism C To inform about the different drinking pattern among different genders 18 What do we learn from the DSM III-R? A The data of health issues B The statistics on alcoholism C The statistical definition of alcoholics Answer questions 19 and 20 based on Article 1 and Article 2. 19 Which of the following is true of both articles? A Both articles define the drinking habit. B Both articles mention the health problems of alcoholism. C Both articles describe the situation of alcoholics worldwide. 20 The two articles state that alcoholics A bring problems to their families. B have health problems due to excessive drinking. C need to change their attitude to leave the habit of excessive drinking. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 16 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

17 Part 5 Read an article about medical technology that aids in surgery. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from sentences A to G the one which fits each gap (21 to 26). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. 1 Surgery has proven to be a very useful branch of medicine as early as the 6th century BC. The first surgical procedure known to man is trephining, which is the cutting of a small hole in the head to relieve pressure, hence treating intracranial diseases, epileptic seizures, migraines and mental disorders. Since then, medical surgery has only flourished over time. Today, surgeons are seen performing some of the most arduous procedures in treating and improving the well-being of patients via the extensive usage of technology. 2 In addition to that, in today’s modern era, numerous technological inventions are able to assist surgeries, improve prognosis and reduce complications in surgical procedures. For instance, there is virtual reality surgical planning which is an actual simulation of a surgical procedure with a virtual surgical field on a virtual patient using virtual equipment. 3 In addition to that, in today’s modern era, numerous technological inventions are able to assist surgeries, improve prognosis and reduce complications in surgical procedures. For instance, there is virtual reality surgical planning which is an actual simulation of a surgical procedure with a virtual surgical field on a virtual patient using virtual equipment. 4 There are also surgical robots, which use computerised, robotic machines to carry out certain surgical procedures. In this case, the surgeon may use a direct tele-manipulator to perform normal movements that are carried out by the robotic arms in the actual procedure. (21) . An example of this technology would be the Da Vinci robots, specifically designed for surgeons to carry out delicate and complicated procedures with minimal invasion, using a robot controlled by the surgeon using a remote console. 5 Further to this, there is 3D printing which began making its way into the health care system in the early 1990s when it was first used for custom prosthetics and dental implants. Besides 3D printing surgical equipment, surgeons have even been able to grow organs from patient’s cells, in a process known as bio printing, and used a 3D printed scaffold to support them. (22) . A vital aspect to consider in evaluating the effectiveness of medical technology aids in surgery such as virtual reality surgical planning, surgical robots and 3D printing is its cost. 6 Evaluation of surgical aids based on cost is very important as the patient’s financial standing and budget are important factors that need to be taken into consideration when treating them. Choosing treatments within the patient’s affordability is essential in ensuring that the patient does not get overly stressed by the financial burden. (23) . This is because 3D printing surgical equipment, especially when manufactured in bulk, is much cheaper than manufacturing surgical tools of the same amount. Apart from that, 3D printing is also used in custom-made prosthetics. (24) . 7 Moreover, bioprinting tissues and organoids have been verified to be much cheaper alternatives to organ transplants. When talking about surgical robots, it is safe to say that it is moderately cost-efficient due to its time-saving advantage. (25) . Therefore, reducing the patient’s length of hospital stay and complications help hospitals minimise overall treatment cost, resulting in a saving of up to $1,200 per surgery. 8 (26) . At the moment, the cost of this technological aid can exceed $100,000! Though this exorbitant cost may go down in the near future with the advancement in commercial technology, for now, virtual reality surgical planning remains one of the most expensive aids to surgery. Hence, in evaluating the medical technology that eases surgery, 3D printing is the most cost-effective, followed by surgical robots and virtual reality surgical planning. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 17 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

18 A This is especially useful for children who will outgrow their prosthetic limbs very quickly. B Hence, virtual reality surgical planning is undeniably the most expensive aid to surgery. C Also, robotic surgeries are less invasive and more precise. D These diff erent technological advancements in surgery have various eff ectiveness in diff erent categories. E On the other hand, virtual reality surgical planning is defi nitely the most expensive of the three surgical aids. F Likewise, the surgeon may also use a computer to control the robotic arms. G 3D printing is by far, the most cost-saving out of the three surgical aids in question. Part 6 Read an article on ̔Depression among Adolescents̕ . Answer questions 27 to 33 based on the article. 1 Depression is a disorder that results in a persistent feeling of unhappiness and loss of interest. Many people may misinterpret feelings of depression with sadness. While sadness is an integral part of depression, it is not the same. Sadness is a common mood felt during certain times in one’s life but if this leads to feelings of hopelessness, lack of motivation and loss of interest (especially in activities one used to love), it may be a symptom of depression. When an individual experiences symptoms of depression for more than two weeks, they can be diagnosed with a form of depression known as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). 5 2 Depression has become very prevalent especially among the younger generation, aff ecting about 20% of teenagers before they reach adulthood. This may be due to the immense pressure on teenagers to look good, be popular and excel academically while being talented all-rounders. There are various types of depression with MDD being the most common. Major Depressive Disorder means a person is feeling depressed most of the time, most days of the week. To overcome this, talk therapy and medicating with antidepressants might help. Otherwise, the doctor might prescribe magnetic therapies to stimulate certain areas of the brain for better mood control such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). 10 15 3 One main cause of depression among adolescents is their living environment. A dysfunctional home with a lack of love or attention from parents or caretakers can cause depression in children. This may result in teenagers lashing out in other ways such as bullying and vandalism. Many may also seek attention elsewhere and get roped in with the bad company, leading to substance abuse or premarital sex which in turn causes teenage pregnancies and even baby dumping. This may eventually lead to these adolescents becoming parents who do not know how to love and care for their children, causing a vicious cycle. Furthermore, stress from school is another principal cause of depression among teenagers. Receiving bad grades, teachers who are not very motivating, peer pressure and being bullied can cause teenagers to become stressed, ultimately leading to depression. Another very common causes of depression among youngsters are lifechanging events. For example, an accident, becoming ill to the extent of debilitation, loss of a loved one or a recent heartbreak. These are the hardest to manage as they are inevitable. Oftentimes, this can lead to anger, irrational feelings of upset and loneliness. 20 25 30 Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 18 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

19 4 Last of all, a key source of depression is social media and the entertainment industry. This is by idolising linear, external beauty standards. This industry teaches many young teens, boys and girls alike, that only girls with slim waists, fair complexions and sharp features are considered beautiful while only tall guys, with buff biceps and broad shoulders are considered handsome. Many stars and public figures go to the extent of undergoing plastic surgeries to remove fat, adjust and fill body parts. All these set unrealistic expectations for the younger generation to look more like celebrities or otherwise suffer the ignominy of feeling unattractive. Depression is an illness that needs intervention. One cannot expect it to go away on its own. Therefore, many parties can play a role in helping to curb this condition. Parents have the utmost important role in noticing signs of depression and helping their children overcome it. To do so, parents should maintain a good relationship with their children. This allows children to be able to communicate with them on issues they face and enable them to express themselves without bottling up their feelings. Parents should prioritise making time for their children no matter how busy their schedules may be. Good communication with their children might help prevent depressive episodes among adolescents. 35 40 45 5 Likewise, teachers and counsellors in schools and universities should also make themselves open and available for students to talk to. They should know how to balance offering support without seeming too pushy, be gentle and at the same time persistent, listen and notice any signs of self-harm or suicidal behaviours. Children should also be told never to be ashamed of a grade that they got if it was hard-earned. Instead, they should be given approval, their achievement celebrated and be taught to try harder to reach their goal. This helps them not to stress over results, while still aiming high. Also, adults should teach children not to value external beauty standards but instead to look beyond just the physical appearance. They should focus more on being beautiful on the inside, as human beings and embrace their beautiful God-given features. 50 55 6 On a final note, we must learn that mental problems are as real and as harmful as physical diseases and we should always be on the lookout for a friend or loved one suffering from them. Very often, people who are depressed are just looking for someone to talk to but find none. All of us have a story to tell and all we need is a pair of listening ears to hear out what is bottled up within us. 60 27 In paragraph 1, the writer’s main attention is to highlight the A severity of depression compared to sadness. B type of feelings associated with depression and sadness. C differences in the symptoms caused by depression and sadness. D resemblance in symptoms exhibited by both depression and sadness. 28 Which of the following is true of depression? A Lacking in interest especially in activities one used to love B A disorder that results in an inconsistent feeling of happiness C The feeling of unhappiness characterised by lack of motivation D The common mood that gradually grows into feelings of hopelessness 29 The writer’s conclusion about MDD is that A MDD is one of the most common types of depression. B magnetic therapies will be prescribed to those with severe MDD. C MDD can be effectively cured by talk therapy and antidepressants. D an individual diagnosed with MDD experiences all the symptoms weekly. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 19 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

20 30 What does the word ignominy refer to in line 37? A The lack of confidence caused by the unattractiveness B The feeling of disgrace caused by the image projected by celebrities C The feeling of humiliation caused by the feeling of being unattractive D The self-portrayal of insufficiency caused by the fear of being unattractive 31 this (line 30) refers to A the inevitable loss of a loved one. B heartbreak caused by a loved one. C unforeseen illness caused by accident. D life-changing events that are inevitable. 32 The following are ways to encourage children not to be discouraged by the grade obtained except A celebrate their achievement. B give the children approval of their hard-earned grade. C tell children never to be ashamed of a hard-earned grade. D teach children not to be too hard on themselves in reaching their goals. 33 Which of the following best summarises the text? A Depression is bottled up inside everyone B Teenagers are prone to be depressed because of the environment C Friends or loved ones suffering from depression need medical intervention D Depression among adolescents is as real and as harmful as physical diseases Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 20 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

21 Part 7 Read an article on ‘The Importance of Influenza A Vaccine’. Answer questions 34 to 40 based on the article. 1 Influenza, also called ‘the flu’, is a very transmittable viral infection that attacks the respiratory tract. There are three main forms of this virus, Influenza A, B and C. Types A and B are the more severe strains of the virus that can cause outbreaks leading to epidemics especially the type A. Influenza A infects humans as well as animals unlike its other counterparts. Wild birds are usually the hosts for this virus. Examples of past outbreaks of influenza A are the swine flu pandemic in 2008 and the avian flu in 2003. Signs and symptoms of influenza A are usually a sudden onset ranging from common flu symptoms to headaches, body aches, chills and fatigue. More severe symptoms include ear infections, dizziness, pneumonia, heart problems and bronchitis. Therefore, it is vital that individuals are vaccinated for the virus. 5 2 The main and most obvious purpose of vaccination against influenza A is to help reduce 10 the risk of the disease. It has been proven that in 2017 and 2018, vaccinations were able to prevent 6.2 million influenza cases, 3.2 million medical visits due to influenza, 91,000 influenza hospitalisations and 5,700 influenza-associated deaths. The influenza is a seasonal virus that thrives in cold, humid weather like fall and winter. The low humidity allows the virus particles to float in the air as small droplets. Research shows that during these seasons, flu vaccines have been able to reduce visits to the doctor by 40% to 60%. 15 3 In some cases, infections caused by the strain of the mutated influenza A virus are too strong to be naturally averted by the human immune system. This is due to frequent genetic changes undergone by the virus. In such cases, vaccination is beneficial as it boosts the human immune system against the virus hence reducing the severity of the flu in the affected individual. To highlight this further, risks of acute respiratory infections associated with flu can also be lowered in affected individuals who are vaccinated against influenza A. In the case of pregnant mothers and their unborn children, the vaccine is also proven to continue to immunise the foetus for a few months after birth, before they are old enough to be vaccinated. Hence, it is of utmost importance that all individuals be vaccinated against influenza A and not solely rely on the antibodies to ward off the infection. 20 25 4 Interestingly enough, vaccination against influenza is an essential pre-emptive tool for individuals with chronic health conditions. The vaccine has been seen to lower rates of cardiac issues among heart patients, particularly those who have had a cardiac event in the past year. The vaccine can also decrease a worsening chronic lung disease associated with influenza for example, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, studies have shown that the vaccine can reduce the hospitalisation of diabetes as well as chronic lung disease patients. 30 35 5 It is also inevitable that vaccinating oneself from influenza A enables one to protect not only themselves but also others by preventing the spread of the disease to surrounding people especially those most susceptible to the virus like the young, the elderly and those with certain chronic health conditions. This way, the vaccine can help flatten the curve, keep the number of infected cases manageable, hence preventing a pandemic. 40 6 To sum it up, there is no denying that the influenza A vaccination is a significant discovery and a wonderful breakthrough in modern medical science. It is safe to say that vaccination of influenza A is a must and should be taken by all citizens to protect themselves from the detrimental effects of this potentially serious virus. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 21 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

22 34 In paragraph 1, the writer’s main attention is to highlight the A outbreaks of influenza A in 2003 and 2008. B severity of influenza A that may cause outbreaks that lead to epidemics. C severe symptoms of influenza A caused by transmittable viral infections. D the importance of individuals to be vaccinated against type A influenza virus. 35 Which of the following is true about the purpose of vaccination against influenza A? A Helps lessen the risk of the disease B Prevents influenza-associated deaths C Prevents 6.2 million influenza cases worldwide D Averts 3.2 million medical visits due to influenza 36 The writer’s conclusion about influenza A vaccination in Paragraph 3 is that A it immunises the foetus permanently after birth. B it medically prevents frequent genetic changes undergone by the virus. C it reduces risks of acute respiratory infections associated with common flu. D it boosts immunity and reduces the severity of flu in vaccinated individuals. 37 this (line 18) refers to A influenza A virus’s infection. B risks of acute respiratory infections associated with flu. C frequent genetic changes undergone by the virus making them stronger. D mutated influenza A virus that is unable to be averted by human antibodies. 38 What does the word pre-emptive tool refer to in line 27? A Essential preventive measure to curb viral transmission B An injection for individuals with chronic health conditions C A vaccination against influenza as a method to deter an infection D A booster that lowers rates of cardiac issues among heart patients 39 The following are the importance of having oneself vaccinated against influenza A except A diminishes the risk of the disease. B reduces the severity of the flu in vaccinated individuals. C prevents the spread of the disease to less vulnerable people. D preventive tool for individuals with chronic health conditions. 40 Which of the following best summarises the text? A A critique on people’s reluctance to have themselves vaccinated B The advantages of having oneself vaccinated against influenza A C The impact of having oneself vaccinated against influenza’s viruses D An overview of the severity of influenza type A compared to strains B and C Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 22 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

23 PAPER 4: WRITING (75 MINUTES) Task 1 You are advised to spend about 25 minutes on this task. Your friend, Asley just returned from the United States of America and was quarantined in Malaysia for 14 days. Read the letter from him describing his stay in the quarantine centre. 56, Lorong 4/6E, Taman Kinrara, 47200, Puchong, Selangor. 1 October 202_ Dear Adam, How have you been? Hope all is well with you and your family and hope all of you are protecting yourselves from the Covid-19 virus. I have never experienced being in a quarantine centre before and it has not been easy for me for the past 14 days. Time is moving so slowly. We are all well taken care of and am so glad Malaysia takes Covid-19 seriously and the Health Ministry is doing a great job. How did you spend your time during the lockdown? Can you please share with me what has been happening to you and how you have been coping with life during the lockdown period? Have you been to work yet? Will you be coming to fetch me after my quarantine is over or do I come home by Grab? Please do let me know. I heard that your brother Amir is away in Alor Setar. Do let him know that I am back and that I am present in the quarantine centre in Bandar Enstek. Hoping to hear from you soon. Your friend, Asley Using all the notes given, write a reply of at least 100 words in an appropriate style. Notes: Describe Yes Tell him Great! Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 23 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

24 Task 2 You are advised to spend about 50 minutes on this task. You listened to a talk on how to motivate graduates not to choose jobs as we are now going through difficult times during this pandemic which has contributed towards many companies closing down their businesses. The following statement was made by the speaker: Graduates should not be choosy when applying for jobs. Write an essay expressing your opinion on the statement. Write at least 250 words. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT1(pg1-24)_vim3p.indd 24 1/6/2023 9:38:32 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

25 PAPER 1 LISTENING (800/1) PAPER 2 SPEAKING (800/2) PAPER 3 READING (800/3) PAPER 4 WRITING (800/4) MODEL TEST 2 MUET Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 25 1/6/2023 9:39:01 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

26 PAPER 1: LISTENING (50 MINUTES) Part 1 Listen to a conversation between Kamal and his friend Sharon. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 1 to 7. 1 The winning prize for the essay writing competition on Japanese culture is A a free trip to Japan. B a free pass to digital museums in Japan. C a free pass to visit the Tokyo National Museum. 2 About her trip to Japan, Sharon is looking forward to A visiting the different museums. B visiting the Ainu people’s museum. C learning the Japanese culture through museum visits. 3 The Japanese advancement in technology has enabled them to place information on their country and culture A on ceramic plates. B in digital museums. C on reproduced work of art. 4 Some of the exhibits the largest museum in Japan boasts of are A digital art master pieces of the West. B original art master pieces of the West. C reproduced art master pieces of the West. 5 The museum that features various cultural items and national treasures is A the Shiraoi Ainu Museum. B the Otsuka Museum of Art. C the Tokyo National Museum. 6 The Shiraoi Ainu museum is different from other museums in Japan because A it has hourly traditional performances. B it specialises in Ainu culture and lifestyle. C it has intricate statues and copper images on display. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 26 1/6/2023 9:39:01 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

27 7 Which map shows the correct position of the four food stalls? A B C Shiraoi Ainu Museum Otsuka Museum of Art Ueno Park Naruto Park Tokyo National Museum Tokyo National Museum Otsuka Museum of Art Ueno Park Naruto Park Shiraoi Ainu Museum Otsuka Museum of Art Shiraoi Ainu Museum Ueno Park Naruto Park Tokyo National Museum Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 27 1/6/2023 9:39:01 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

28 Part 2 Listen to a historian talk about the journey of glass making throughout the centuries. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 8 to 14. 8 Glass was invented A about 5,000 years ago. B about 3,000 years ago. C less than 5,000 years ago. 9 What gives glass its crystal-clear form? A A right blend of inorganic materials B High temperature heating of inorganic materials C Super cooled liquid from a blend of inorganic materials 10 Why do you think the blowpipe revolutionised glass making? A Glass could be made faster and at a lower cost. B It allows for the glass-making process to be automated. C The blower could blow skilfully to make identical glasses. 11 If the blower stops turning the bubble of glass as he blows the blowpipe, A it will have uneven thickness. B it will quickly turn into crystals. C it will expand into a balloon and then break. 12 The blower is required to be highly skilled at his craft because A it takes a lot of training before one could master this skill. B a blower should continue blowing without a moment’s hesitation. C the blowpipe needs to be turned constantly to avoid crystallisation. 13 The greatest benefit of technological advancement in glass making today is A blowpipes are not required anymore. B large volumes of glass products can be manufactured. C highly intricate designs in glassware are made possible. 14 From the passage, we learn that A highly skilled glass craftsmen are no longer necessary. B decorative glassware with intricate designs is no longer available. C highly skilled craftsmen are still required for decorative glassware. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 28 1/6/2023 9:39:02 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

29 Part 3 Listen to three people; Agatha, Kathy and Jeba, talking about the places they visited. For questions 15 to 17, choose from the list A to E, the holiday activity that best suits the speaker’s description. Use the letters only once. There are two extra options which you do not need to use. Enjoyable Holiday Activities A Swimming in the blue Atlantic Ocean B Chilling in the crystal-clear water and white sands C Fine dining in the cosy hotel café by the beach D Experiencing the luxury of an ancient era E Enjoying the captivating beauty of the blue ocean and the seafood Most enjoyable activity: 15 Agatha 16 Kathy 17 Jeba Part 4 Listen to a radio interview between a host and a famous cartoonist, Mr Latif on how to succeed as a cartoonist. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 18 to 24. 18 The following are his collections except A Latif’s Back B It’s Latif, Folks! C The Joyful Town 19 Latif became a household name as he was able to A place importance on originality. B prove his creativity in cartoon drawing. C mesmerise his readers with his cartoons. 20 Latif’s greatest motivation in drawing came from A knowing that he is a born cartoonist. B the sweet experiences of his childhood. C mixing with people of diff erent backgrounds and cultures. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 29 1/6/2023 9:39:02 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

30 21 One of his greatest concerns is A he may run out of novel ideas in future. B people may soon get tired of his cartoons. C characters copied from another culture are unsustainable. 22 One reason for Mr Latif’s popularity is A his cartoons show life as it really is. B he observes people and their characteristics. C he has been drawing cartoons from a young age. 23 Why does he think originality is key to success in cartoon drawing? A Readers look for originality in cartoon B To give characters a sense of uniqueness C To ensure long-term sustainability in the industry 24 What does Latif say are important aspects for one to succeed as a cartoonist? A Passion and a keen interest in the lives of people B Creativity to draw novel ideas from and a passion C Passion to lead the cartoonist and a good sense of humour Part 5 Dialogue 1 Listen to a conversation between a police officer, Inspector Ravi and Diana, a local resident on criminal activities in town. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 25 and 26. 25 According to Inspector Ravi, what is the reason for this sudden spike in criminal activities? A Poor economic conditions B Increase in the rate of unemployment C Insufficient police personnel to safeguard the public 26 The police department supports the establishment of gated and guarded communities because A the department prefers to handle more serious crime. B the private security firms are better equipped to handle this task. C the department needs to direct its limited resources to more needy areas. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 30 1/6/2023 9:39:02 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

31 Dialogue 2 Listen to a conversation between a college student, Imran and Anne, an environmental activist on the cost of development. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 27 and 28. 27 The cost of development is environmental destruction such as A landslides and massive flooding. B concrete jungles without greenery. C city dwellers choking from the lack of greenery. 28 To ensure the environment is not compromised, authorities should A only allow environment-friendly developments. B allow development with stringent measures to safeguard the environment put in place. C study the long-term environmental impacts and ensure developers adhere to measures placed. Dialogue 3 Listen to a conversation between two friends Johan and Alice on road rage. As you listen, choose the correct answers for questions 29 and 30. 29 Road rage occurs when a person gets agitated and A do not control their temper. B starts to overreact aggressively. A starts cursing, swearing and tailgating. 30 How should victims of road rage handle the situation? A Stay calm and do not leave your vehicle until help arrives. B Do not leave your vehicle, dial 999 and drive to the nearest police station. C Do not leave your vehicle, take note of the vehicle number involved, dial 999. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 31 1/6/2023 9:39:02 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

32 PAPER 2: SPEAKING (30 MINUTES) CANDIDATE A Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation It is important to have certain qualities when applying for a job. Suggest some important qualities that an employer looks for in candidates. Candidate A You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about punctuality. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation There are a number of steps you can take before (and after) a job interview to ensure that you make a terrifi c impression on your potential employer. In your group, discuss what steps can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best step that can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. Follow up with a thank you note Research the company Practise interviewing Dress well Listen and ask questions How can we make a good impression on a potential employer? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 32 1/6/2023 9:39:03 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

33 At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best step that can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. CANDIDATE B Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation It is important to have certain qualities when applying for a job. Suggest some important qualities that an employer looks for in candidates. Candidate B You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about leadership ability. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation Th ere are a number of steps you can take before (and aft er) a job interview to ensure that you make a terrifi c impression on your potential employer. In your group, discuss what steps can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. Follow up with a thank you note Research the company Practise interviewing Dress well Listen and ask questions How can we make a good impression on a potential employer? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 33 1/6/2023 9:39:03 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

34 CANDIDATE C Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation It is important to have certain qualities when applying for a job. Suggest some important qualities that an employer looks for in candidates. Candidate C You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about fl exibility. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation There are a number of steps you can take before (and after) a job interview to ensure that you make a terrifi c impression on your potential employer. In your group, discuss what steps can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best step that can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. Follow up with a thank you note Research the company Practise interviewing Dress well Listen and ask questions How can we make a good impression on a potential employer? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 34 1/6/2023 9:39:03 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

35 At the end of the discussion, try to decide the best step that can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. CANDIDATE D Part 1 INDIVIDUAL PRESENTATION • You have 2 minutes to prepare. • You have 2 minutes to talk. Situation It is important to have certain qualities when applying for a job. Suggest some important qualities that an employer looks for in candidates. Candidate D You have to give a presentation to your class. Talk about emotional intelligence. Part 2 GROUP DISCUSSION • You have 3 minutes to prepare. • In your discussion, you may support or oppose the other test takers’ views. • Some ideas have been provided in the mind map below. You may use these ideas or come up with your own ideas. • At the end of the discussion, try to decide on the best suggestion. • You have 8 to 12 minutes for the discussion. Situation There are a number of steps you can take before (and after) a job interview to ensure that you make a terrifi c impression on your potential employer. In your group, discuss what steps can be taken to make a good impression on a potential employer. Follow up with a thank you note Research the company Practise interviewing Dress well Listen and ask questions How can we make a good impression on a potential employer? Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 35 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

36 PAPER 3: READING (75 MINUTES) Part 1 Read three advertisements for restaurants. Answer questions 1 to 4 based on the advertisements for restaurants (A to C). Which restaurant 1 is animal friendly? 2 has rooms for private meetings? 3 has internet access? 4 has enough parking space? A: Spencer Restaurant B: Matalis Restaurant C: Zarrae Restaurant • Open from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily • Closed on Sundays • Fully air-conditioned • Pets allowed in special room • Open 24/7 • Wi-Fi available • No pets allowed • Easy access via public transport • Open from 8.30 a.m. to 10.30 p.m. daily except on public holidays • Private function rooms available • Ample parking space • Live band every Friday evening from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. Part 2 Read an email from the head of a department. Answer questions 5 to 9 based on the email. 1 2 To : [email protected] From: [email protected] Subject: Proposal for Cultural Exchange Programme Dear Mr Ronan, I conducted a meeting last Thursday with our Public Relations department concerning the upcoming visit of 20 delegates from Russia. As the Head of Public Relations, I have briefed my team on the overall idea of the programme and we have, with success, been able to reach a consensus apropos of the objectives, the specified dates of the programme and the financial aspects that need to be considered. As we know, the purpose of the Russian delegates’ visit is to experience our local culture, to understand the similarities and differences between the two cultures. It is hoped that a better understanding of our culture may pave the way for future collaboration. The appointed director of this programme is Adam Alias, who has come up with the detailed itinerary for the delegates. Johnny Richards from the PR team will be in charge of the protocol and logistics. Lastly, the budgeting and financial planning of the entire programme will be handled by our finance manager, Natasha. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 36 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

37 3 The director of the programme has strategically chosen the location of the event. The protocol department has determined the most suitable date for the programme to be carried out while our finance manager has prepared a detailed estimate of the cost involved. An update of further details will be shared with all staff involved in a timely manner. Respectfully, Duncan Ho Head of Public Relations, Hat Profile Sdn. Bhd. 5 Duncan Ho sent the email because he is A updating the progress of the programme. B requesting for extra budget for the programme. C planning to have a programme related to culture. 6 Duncan Ho says that the programme is to A build a relationship between different cultures. B expose our culture to delegates from another country. C create an intercultural business relationship between companies. 7 In paragraph 1, Duncan explains that A there are 200 delegates involved. B the ideas for the programme are confirmed. C many countries are involved in the programme. 8 Which of the following is false? A The delegates are only Russians B The itinerary includes a tour of our local culture C The budget for the programme is RM25,000 only 9 Duncan Ho states that A he will update the team from time to time. B the details of the programme are confirmed. C the programme has not been briefed to the team. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 37 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

38 1 It is a continuous challenge living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and I have suffered from it for most of my life. I can look back now and gently laugh at all the people who thought I had the perfect life. I was young, beautiful, and talented, but unbeknownst to them, I was terrorised by an undiagnosed debilitating mental illness. 2 At 17, I had suffered my first panic attack. Soon, I became unable to leave my apartment for weeks at a time, ending my modelling career abruptly. This just became a way of life. Years passed when I had few or no symptoms at all, and I led what I thought was a fairly normal life, just thinking I had a ‘panic problem’. 3 Having been properly diagnosed with PTSD at age 35, I know that there is not one aspect of my life that has gone untouched by this mental illness. My PTSD was triggered by several traumas, including a childhood laced with physical, mental, and sexual abuse, as well as an attack at knifepoint that left me thinking I would die. I would never be the same after that attack. For me, there was no safe place in the world, not even my home. I went to the police and filed a report. Rape counsellors came to see me while I was in the hospital, but I declined their help, convinced that I did not need it. This would be the most damaging decision of my life. 4 For months after the attack, I could not close my eyes without envisioning the face of my attacker. I suffered horrific flashbacks and nightmares. For four years after the attack, I was unable to sleep alone in my house. I obsessively checked windows, doors, and locks. 5 For me there is no cure, no final healing. But there are things I can do to ensure that I never have to suffer as I did before being diagnosed with PTSD. I am no longer at the mercy of my disorder and I would not be here today had I not had the proper diagnosis and treatment the same year I filed a police report. The most important thing to know is that it is never too late to seek help. (Adapted from https://adaa.org/living-with-anxiety/personalstories/ my-story-survival-battling-ptsd) Part 3 Read an article on PTSD. Answer questions 10 to 14 based on the following passage. 10 The narrator has been suffering from A panic attack. B mental illness. C post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 11 After the narrator filed a police report, she A handled the trauma well. B declined the help of rape counsellors at the hospital. C underwent treatment from rape counsellors at the hospital. 12 At what age did the narrator start to get proper diagnosis and treatment? A 17 B 35 C 39 13 The narrator mentioned that A it is not wrong to ask for help. B it is never too late to get treatment. C it was too late for her to get treatment. 14 Which of the following is false? A Home is the safest place for the narrator. B The narrator would never be the same after the attack. C The narrator’s PTSD’s condition is triggered by past traumas. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 38 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

39 Part 4 Read two articles about employees. Answer questions 15 and 16 based on Article 1. Article 1 1 The characteristics that employers look for in employees are the same qualities that are possessed by successful workers. Good employees are important to both small- and large-scale businesses although one bad apple can have much greater impact on the staff morale of a small organisation compared to a larger one. By all odds, good employee attitude and work ethics are obviously an added advantage to any organisation. Good employees are disciplined, dependable, responsible and cheerful. They also have good communication skills and the ability to work as a team. 2 Being able to work without a supervisor hovering over their shoulder is an utmost sign of discipline. Having good discipline is crucially important for employees to gain the trust of their superiors as well as for their own job advancement. An employee with a very good discipline does not have to be constantly reminded of the rules and regulations. They are instinctively aware of the unspoken rules on the use of office time in sending out or receiving personal phone calls or emails, browsing the internet unnecessarily or even updating social media pages. They uphold work ethics of honesty, sincerity and integrity. Likewise, reliability is another important trait possessed by good employees. A dependable employee can often overcome his or her own limitations due to lack of experience through sheer hard work and commitment. 3 One’s ability in offering solutions to problems in a constructive manner and willingness to pitch in whenever necessary is also a sign of a good employee. These would go a long way in catching the employer’s attention which in turn would only prove to be advantageous to one’s career. Supervisors cannot be everywhere at all times and it is up to the employees to pay attention to issues and problems that arise at the workplace and speak up when necessary. This is especially important when an unfavourable situation is detected or changes need to be made by the organisation in order to stay profitable. In addition, a responsible employee would also be ready to contribute more than his or her fair share of work if the situation warrants it, such as a close deadline the company has to meet or a co-worker has to take an unexpected break. Bosses take notice when the employees are willing to do more than just their own job as a way of looking after the company’s interests. 4 A smile alone would not get the job done, but a positive outlook and a cheerful disposition is necessary to create a pleasant work environment. A good employee is not only enthusiastic but is also a good team player who is easily approachable and able to mix well with others. Being a team player is another attribute of a successful employee as it is difficult if the employees are not approachable and do not play well with others. This does not however mean that they need to be pushovers, but they can learn to be assertive while not demoralising their co-workers. 5 Another important mark of a good employee is an outstanding communicative skill. Communication skills are essential in virtually any job. A fundamental aspect to most businesses, communicative skills often are the result of one’s own background and education level. Continuous improvement of communicative skills is vital in becoming a successful employee. It is important to note that however great an employee’s ideas may be, they would not help anyone if these ideas and suggestions are not successfully delivered. Hence, the crucial need to be able to communicate ideas well. (Adapted from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/important-characteristics-successfulemployee-14292.html) Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 39 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

40 15 What do we know about the characteristics of a good employee? A The inability to accept abrupt tasks B The qualities of a successful worker as a whole C The ability to communicate in pitching ideas only 16 How are the contents of this article organised? A Being a team player ➡ Reliability is a trait ➡ Delivering ideas eff ectively ➡ Willingness to pitch in B Reliability is a trait ➡ Willingness to pitch in ➡ Being a team player ➡ Delivering ideas eff ectively C Reliability is a trait ➡ Being a team player ➡ Willingness to pitch in ➡ Delivering ideas eff ectively Answer questions 17 and 18 based on Article 2. Article 2 1 Good employees naturally come in all shapes and sizes. It can be someone who is an expert in the fi eld or someone with a clear direction of the company’s mission, vision and goals. Most of the time, being a good employee is about the amount of eff ort one is willing to put into learning more and advancing him or herself within the fi eld. Some of the more important traits of a good employee include a positive mind, the ability to prioritise goals, being self-driven as well as being a good team player. 2 A good employee is one with a positive mindset and having a penchant for a bright outlook in life. Having a positive mindset helps to shape an individual’s interest to further grow in their career and achieve more each day. Simply put, it is about being driven by a positive vibe and having the amplifi ed and clear ambition to do work. A good employee should always be optimistic with the task given and have a clear direction to complete the task as effi ciently as possible. In moving forward to achieve new heights, a good employee is not only an optimist with a clear goal but also one who is fl exible enough to put in extra hours of work and take on additional challenges that test his or her capabilities further. 3 The ability to prioritise goals is another important characteristic of a good employee. It is important for employees to set a couple of goals for themselves at work as well as a set of feasible action plans to achieve the goals. For example, if the plan is to fi nish fi ve assignments in a day, a good employee will start to focus on the task at hand by deciding on the task that should be worked on fi rst. Prioritising plays an important role in achieving success at work as well as in life. Therefore, a good employee will not simply skip this important step and ambush the task at hand with no contingency plan. 4 In addition, a good employee is always someone who is naturally self-driven with a distinct set of goals in mind. This top-quality trait often seems to be possessed by individuals who are celebrated by the management as those with capabilities to thrive on their own without hassle. This quality enables the employee to contribute to the advancement of the organisation and at the same time move forward in his or her career. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 40 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

41 5 Being a good team player at the workplace is crucial. Team spirit means an employee has what it takes to work well with co-workers. This can be seen when a good employee works hard at maintaining a good relationship with people in the organisation which in turn provides a positive work environment. Hence, any effort to build and maintain good work relationships among co-workers will contribute to making one a good team player with the right work attitude and team spirit. 6 As a conclusion, good employees are individuals who will always bring the best of themselves to the organisation. They are passionate, self-driven and determined in accomplishing their organisational and career goals. (Adapted from https://www.shapironegotiations.com/are-you-a-hard-worker-characteristicsof-a-hard-working-employee/) 17 Why does the writer include information about prioritising goals? A To be able to help others while completing one’s own work B To be able to complete tasks and achieve favourable outcomes C To be able to stay positive and maintain a good relationship with colleagues 18 What do we learn about setting priorities? A To always make plans B Teamwork should be the top priority C Focus on the longer ones to complete Answer questions 19 and 20 based on Article 1 and Article 2. 19 Which of the following is false of both articles? A Self-motivation is the key component B The initiative which means the ambition to keep going C A good employee only comes from the most knowledgeable persons 20 The two articles did not mention that a good employee is A punctual. B responsible. C communicative. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 41 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

42 Part 5 Read an article about humanity on the record. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from sentences A to G the one that fits each gap (21 to 26). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. 1 In the summer of 2012, palaeontologists working on a fossil excavation in Kenya announced that the human race, as we know it, was never alone. Scientists unveiled pieces of skull and bone that are approximately 2 million years old. Their discovery confirmed what earlier fossil findings had introduced as a possible piece of the human origin story: that humankind is merely one of several human-like species, each with its own lifespan. Every other species has been long extinct, making Homo sapiens, our species, the sole surviving member of the extended human family. (21) . 2 In conversations about prehistoric evolution, whether humans evolved from apes, is a common but misleading question. (22) . Some are quite similar while others are quite different. Some strains of evolution take place over millions of years, while other strains (for example, microorganisms that pass through multiple generations within the span of a day) take place over several months, even weeks. To track the evolution of various organisms over time is to reveal the natural world’s knack for never putting all of its bones in one basket, so to speak. 3 A more revealing question, then, is scientists’ inquiry into multiple branches of the Homo genus. Assembling a ‘fossil record’ over the course of two centuries, scientists have amassed enough evidence to date the earliest known appearance of Homo sapiens to about 200,000 years ago. Their research has also proven that several human-like species preceded and accompanied Homo sapiens on the prehistoric timeline. 4 (23) . Bones dug up from the ground don’t often offer much information about their own age, so palaeontologists have developed several methods to analyse the earth surrounding those bones instead. By inspecting the proximity of a fossil, one can figure out approximately (sometimes precisely) when the fossil itself was actually a living organism. 5 Radiometric dating—the use of technology to detect radioactive elements to identify the age of whatever those elements are in—is a precise but limited technique for determining the age of a fossil. The precision of radiometric dating comes from the fact that radioactive elements have clear, well-documented decay times (or how long it takes for traces of an element to disintegrate). Using this technique, scientists can narrow down the age of a fossil, even one that’s over 50 million years old, to a very close estimate. (24) . 6 The alternative method of dating fossils is stratigraphy. Based on the geographic study of layers of sediments that have stacked on top of each other for ages, stratigraphy includes a host of techniques for analysing these various layers to determine the age of objects found wedged within them. Stratigraphy can be difficult to execute in the study of fossils since dirt doesn’t always stack up in neatly preserved layers. There are often interruptions in the layers or portions of sediment that ended up being mixed together or eroded. (25) . Every estimate based on stratigraphic analysis depends on a comparison with other samples and other estimates. 7 Yet, by reviewing each other’s evidence and sharing their findings, researchers are able to make reasonable confirmation of the global fossil record. Radiometric dating and stratigraphic dating are used to establish prehistoric records of fossils. (26) . When new fossils are dug up, a fossil record spanning the ages is there to help scientists figure out where their discoveries fit into the stories of the earth. (Adapted from ReadWorks.org) Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 42 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

43 A Evolution at its core, is a process that spawns a diversity of species. B Those records are then used to build a logical timeline for the evolution of many species. C The creation and preservation of an accurate fossil record is no easy task. D Indeed, these fi ndings have confi rmed that the family was bigger than anyone had previously imagined. E Unfortunately, radiometric dating only works when radioactive elements were present in the fi rst place. F Precise causes for the ascendency of Homo sapiens have yet to be proven. G Furthermore, the precision of this technique is said to be relative. Part 6 Read an article entitled ‘Does Sleep Help You Study?’. Answer questions 27 to 33 based on the article. 1 The importance of sleep to humans and animals of the planet is known. No human being can do without this vital component of rest. While there is a lot of research on sleep and sleep patterns, what most of us know little about is the role of sleep in studying. Recent studies have linked sleep to memory. 2 The benefi cial eff ects of sleep on memory were fi rst studied by Jenkins and Dallenbach (1924). This study found that those who slept after reading recalled more than those who did not. Recent experiments have also found similar eff ects of sleep including better ability to solve diffi cult math problems better after a duration of sleep. In another study conducted by psychologist Bruce Ekstrand and associates in 1967 at the University of Colorado, three groups of people were tasked to learn a word list. The fi rst group was asked to sleep immediately after learning for seven hours, the second group was required to stay awake for seven hours and then sleep for seven hours, while the third was made to stay awake the entire 14 hours. At the end of 14 hours, all three groups were tested on their ability to recall the word list. The test found the capacity to remember the words listed was almost similar in the fi rst and second groups that slept during the trial but the third group that stayed awake was able to recall fewer words. In conclusion, this study indicates that sleep does boost memory though it doesn’t make much diff erence if sleeping took place immediately after learning or a few hours later. 5 10 3 Having seen the benefi t of sleep on studying, it is important to also take note of the eff ects of the procrastinator’s approach (sleep before you learn) on memory. Research has found that a short period of sleep prior to new learning can have an adverse eff ect on memory, called the ‘prior-sleep eff ect’ by Ekstrand (1967). Everyday examples of such eff ects include occurrences such as a person awoken by the telephone in the middle of the night, talking on the telephone before going back to sleep, and having no recall of the telephone conversation the next morning. Other examples of prior sleep eff ects include the inability to recall a dream or a sleepwalking event that took place the night before. 15 20 25 4 In Ekstrand’s experiment, participants were required to sleep for a specifi ed period of time, after which they were awakened and given a list of material to memorise. The researchers ensured that the participants were wide awake before they began the memorising process. Four hours later, the participants were tested on their capacity to recall and the following results were recorded. Prior sleep of 30 minutes, one hour, two hours, and four hours were found to adversely aff ect memory considerably. However, the participants’ mental ability to recall was unaff ected if they were awakened between two to four hours before learning. Also, a 6-hour prior sleep contributed to less forgetfulness compared to only fours or less of prior sleep. 30 35 Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 43 1/6/2023 9:39:04 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

44 27 In paragraph 2, the writer’s main attention is to highlight the A consequences of sleep on an individual’s mental performance after staying awake for 7 hours prior to the learning session. B importance of staying awake after 7 hours of study that it significantly boosts an individual’s memory and helps them to memorise better. C significance of sleep that helps enhance memory for those who slept immediately after learning. D fact that staying awake for 14 hours prior to a reading session can help boost memory and aid the recalling process. 28 Which of the following is true of sleep? A Sleep before learning is advantageous for individuals who want to boost their ability to memorise better. B Sleep does not boost memory unless the learner sleeps for a short period of time prior to new learning. C A short period of sleep prior to new learning can give positive effects in which the learner has an enhanced ability to memorise better. D Sleep before learning hinders an individual’s ability to memorise better due to the ‘prior-sleep effect’. 29 The conclusion that can be made based on Ekstrand’s experiment is that A a period of short sleep less than 2 hours prior to new learning adversely affects a learner’s mental ability in recalling information. B a period of more than 6 hours prior sleep negatively affects the learner’s capacity in recalling the information. C a prior sleep of 30 minutes can have a positive effect on the learner’s mental ability in recalling information. D the ability to memorise is significantly enhanced if learners are wide awake before they begin the memorising process. 5 The hormone controlling the brain’s ability to recall is called somatotrophin which is found to rise quickly within 30 minutes of sleep and continues to remain high during the first half of the night after which the levels recede. This may explicate the circumstances of why people who were awakened early in sleep may have a poor recall. As the hormone levels gradually return to normal after a while of waking up from sleep, memory improves significantly. 40 6 In conclusion, if you do not plan to go over and relearn the material you study, it is best to sleep at least four hours or longer undisturbed, between studying and the time when information needs to be recalled. Equally important is to allow a period of time between waking from sleep and embarking on studying seriously. (Adapted from Reading Academic English, The Mofet Institute) Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 44 1/6/2023 9:39:05 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

45 30 What does the word considerably refer to in line 32? A The diminished ability to memorise due to prior sleep. B The improved ability of memorisation prior to less than 2-hour sleep. C The importance of staying awake between two to four hours before learning. D The capacity of the brain to retain information longer after 30-minutes prior sleep. 31 this (line 38) refers to A brains of people who were awakened later in sleep secrete somatotropin more than early risers. B a condition in which highly suppressed somatotropin is found in the human system within 30 minutes of sleep. C brains of people who were awakened early in sleep secrete somatotropin more than late risers. D a condition in which highly secreted somatotropin is found in the human system within 30 minutes of sleep. 32 The following are ways to encourage better memory recall by sleeping except A sleep for 30 minutes prior to new learning. B sleep immediately after learning for seven hours. C sleep for seven hours after learning for seven hours. D stay awake for seven hours and then sleep for seven hours. 33 Which of the following best summarises the text? A Sleep alters the memory of those who slept prior to learning. B Sleep improves the memory of those who slept prior to learning. C Sleep impairs the memory of those who slept immediately after learning. D Sleep improves the memory of those who slept immediately after learning. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 45 1/6/2023 9:39:05 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

46 Part 7 Read an article entitled ‘Deep Breathing Relieves Stress’. Answer questions 34 to 40 based on the article. 1 Being stressed keeps our immune system from working at full capacity, making us more susceptible to numerous conditions. And over time, long-term (chronic) stress, even from seemingly minor inconveniences like traffic congestion, issues with people around us or other daily concerns can lead to anxiety or depression. When we are under stress, we are nervous, our muscles are automatically tensed and the rate of breathing changes. We begin to take quick, shallow breaths which is a natural reaction humans and animals are programmed to experience under stress for protection against external dangers. In modern times, it is not good for us. 5 2 Human beings in prehistoric times had a lifesaving purpose for this type of stress response. When faced with danger, the early human physique quickly reacted through muscle tense and fast-paced shallow breathing. These physical changes at the spur of the moment enabled the brain to make decisions of either to fight off the imminent danger or to flee from it. However, in our times, the causes of stress differ widely where there is seldom a need to run away or fight to save ourselves. Nevertheless, the stress response of our bodies remains, muscles and breathing are still affected. Given that we no longer need to run or fight off danger, the tension created within us has no release avenue resulting in stress build-ups. 10 15 3 The good news is, the right breathing technique can counteract this unwanted stress response! Taking deep slow breaths is actually the opposite of how we breathe when undergoing stress. This simple easy to do stress-relieving mechanism which has been forgotten over time might be worth reviewing as it offers countless benefits. 20 4 Deep breathing must be embedded somewhere deep within the human DNA as it comes naturally to babies. By observing how a baby breathes, we will find that the area below the chest goes in and out, which is known as diaphragmatic breathing or belly breathing. It is the basis for almost all meditation or relaxation techniques in which not only lower stress levels but also reduce blood pressure and help regulate other important bodily processes. 25 5 As adults, we do not breathe that way anymore; instead, we take shallow breaths from the chest. As a result, our body gets less oxygen. Oxygen-deprived blood counters this situation by moving through the system at a faster rate contributing to higher blood pressure. 30 6 By taking slow deep breaths, we can overcome these negative effects. It is worth taking a few minutes to practise this type of breathing once again, it is so simple that it can be done anywhere regardless of our physical position, such as sitting, standing or lying down. First of all, we need to breathe in through the nose to the count of ten or until our chest is full of air. As we do this, we should silently remove our thoughts from work or worries of the world and focus on our breathing. Next, we breathe out slowly to the count of ten. This deep breathing should be repeated for at least two minutes each time, the longer the breath takes, the deeper it is and the better its ability to relax us. 35 7 The effects of deep breathing go much further than just relaxation. It helps us let go of stress, relieve headaches, backaches, stomach aches and sleeplessness. The body is able to help itself through deep breathing by releasing endorphins into the bloodstream which are the body’s own painkillers. 40 8 The increased oxygen intake allows blood pressure to return to normal, a great benefit to the heart. The good effects are not only physical but also help us emotionally by allowing our emotions to surface. There is no question that this is one of the best techniques to relax our body and mind. (Adapted from Reading Academic English, The Mofet Institute) Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 46 1/6/2023 9:39:05 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

47 34 In paragraph 2, the writer’s main attention is to highlight the A reverse outcome of the stress response mechanism that enables physical changes during a fight or flight situation. B mechanism of stress response and ways it led to stress in yesteryears due to stress accumulation in the body. C adverse effects of stress response instigated by suppressed tension paving the way towards stress accumulations in the body. D constructive outcomes of stress response mechanisms in fight or flight situations resulting in a stress-free body. 35 Which of the following is true of deep breathing? A Deep breathing comes naturally to babies and adults. B Taking deep breaths from the chest offers countless benefits. C Deep breathing reduces blood sugar and helps regulate bodily processes. D Deep breathing is also known as diaphragmatic breathing or belly breathing. 36 In paragraph 6, the writer mentions the negative effects to illustrate the fact that A restricted oxygen in blood moving faster in the system is prompted by shallow breathing. B shallow breathing restricts the amount of oxygen in blood contributing to higher blood pressure. C oxygen-deprived blood moving through the system at a faster rate leading to high blood pressure. D slow breathing positively fosters oxygen intake in blood contributing to lower blood pressure. 37 this (line 33) refers to A an act of getting air fully into the chest by counting up to ten. B an act of removing the thoughts from work or worries of the world. C an act of nose breathing by counting up to 10 or until the chest is full of air. D an introductory step to slow deep breath while sitting, standing or lying down. 38 What does the phrase body’s own painkiller refer to in line 40? A A hormone that reduces pain and boosts pleasure. B A substance that is released following deep breathing. C A hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream for remedy purposes. D A hormone that is secreted into bloodstreams prior to deep breathing. 39 The following are true about the deep breathing technique except A deep breathing should be repeated for at least 120 seconds each time. B breathe out slowly to the count of ten or until the chest is empty of air. C breathe in through the nose to the count of ten or until the chest is full of air. D the longer the breath takes, the deeper it is and the better its ability to relax us. 40 Which of the following best summarises the text? A Deep breathing helps our body and mind to relax. B Shallow breathing gives long-term negative effects. C Shallow breathing instigates prolonged stress in our body. D Deep breathing endows the human body with long-term positive effects. Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 47 1/6/2023 9:39:05 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.

48 PAPER 4: WRITING (75 MINUTES) Task 1 You are advised to spend about 25 minutes on this task. You were not able to join your friend, Sonia, at the Penang Visit Malaysia Fest because you were attending a course. You sent an email to her asking about the event held at Penang. New Message From: Julie <[email protected]> Subject: Penang Visit Malaysia Fest Hi Sonia, How are you doing? I hope you’re in the pink of health. I feel sad I missed the Penang Visit Malaysia Fest. I wish I had been there too but due to unseen circumstances I was not able to join you. I heard that the Penang Visit Malaysia festival was colourful and attractive. Did you manage to take photographs of the event? Let me know how the atmosphere was during this festival. Did you hear about the food festival that will be held in Kuching next week? Do let me know if you would like to attend this festival with me. Write soon! Julie Greeting Exciting Describe I ̕m interested Using all the notes given, write a reply of at least 100 words in an appropriate style. Task 2 You are advised to spend about 50 minutes on this task. You attended a seminar on disposing of single-use plastic in the campus recently. The following comments were given by the presenter: The importance of reducing single-use plastic in the campus. Write an essay expressing your opinion on the statement. Write at least 250 words. Notes: Excel in MUET(2023)_MT2(pg25-48)_vim3p.indd 48 1/6/2023 9:39:05 AM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.