Chapter Form 5 213 115 3 Diagram 3 shows a Venturi tube. Water is flowing from P to Q. (c)(i) P Q (b) Water flow X Diagram 3 (a) Name the principle involved in the Venturi tube. Bernoulli’s principle [1 mark] (b) Mark with the letter X, a region of low pressure. [1 mark] Fluid moves faster in a narrow region. When the velocity of fluid increases, the pressure will decrease. Exam Tips (c) (i) Mark the water levels in each arm of the Venturi tube when water is flowing. [2 marks] (ii) Explain your answer in 3(c)(i). The height of a water column increases when the pressure increases. [1 mark] 4 Diagram 4 shows a bottle filled with water. Three holes are made in the bottle at different depths, P, Q and R. Water spurts out of the holes due to the water pressure. Water P Q R (b) Diagram 4 Q&A SPM Phyics F5 C2 2nd.indd 115 14-Jan-23 1:24:54 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
Chapter Form 5 132 116 (a) What is the meaning of pressure? Pressure is force per unit area [1 mark] (b) On Diagram 4, draw the path of the water squirting out of the holes. [2 marks] (c) State one factor that affects the water pressure in the bottle. Density//Depth [1 mark] (d) Calculate the water pressure at R, if the depth of the hole is 20.0 cm. [Density of water = 1 000 kg m–3] P = hρg = (0.2)(1 000)(9.81) = 1 962 Pa [2 marks] 5 Diagram 5 shows a mercury manometer connected to a gas container. Gas hx hy X Y Diagram 5 (a) Name the pressure acting at point Y. Atmospheric pressure [1 mark] (b) Based on Diagram 5, HOTS Analysing (i) compare the height of the mercury columns, h at both arms of the manometer. hy hx [1 mark] (ii) compare the pressure acting at point X and point Y. Pressure at X Y [1 mark] Q&A SPM Phyics F5 C2 2nd.indd 116 14-Jan-23 1:24:54 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
207 SPM Model Test 1 Which of the following is a physical quantity? A Type of liquid B Weight of spring C Shape of lens D Purity of diamond 2 Diagram 1 shows a graph obtained from an investigation on a gas. V (cm3 ) –273 0 T (°C) Diagram 1 Which of the following is correct? Responding variable Relationship between variables A T V is directly proportional to T B T V increases linearly with T C V V is directly proportional to T D V V increases linearly with T 3 A ball with a mass of 0.5 kg is being kicked by a force of 20 N. If the force is exerted in 2.0 s, what is the impulse experienced by the ball? A 10.2 N s C 40.0 N s B 30.0 N s D 50.0 N s 4 The rate of change in momentum of an object is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place in the direction in which the force acts. What is the law explained in the statement above? A Newton’s First Law of Motion B Newton’s Second Law of Motion C Newton’s Third Law of Motion D Newton’s Law of Motion 5 Why do parachutists bend their knees when landing? A To increase the impulsive force B To decrease the impact time C To reduce the pressure exerted on the knees D To increase the impact time to reduce the impulsive force 6 Diagram 2 shows the Earth orbiting the Sun. r = 1.5 1011 m Sun Earth Diagram 2 PAPER 1 Time: 1 hour 15 minutes [40 marks] Instructions: Answer all questions. Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 207 14-Jan-23 1:42:08 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
208 SPM Model Test It is given the mass of the Sun is 2.00 × 1030 kg. Calculate the orbital period of the Earth. [G = 6.67 × 10–11 N m2 kg–2] A 3.16 × 107 s C 5.18 × 108 s B 4.25 × 107 s D 7.15 × 1014 s 7 A satellite orbits the Earth at an altitude of 540 km. If the centripetal acceleration of the satellite is 9.38 m s–2, what is the linear speed of the satellite? [Radius of the Earth, R = 6.37 × 106 m] A 902.15 m s–1 B 7 348.59 m s–1 C 7 543.85 m s–1 D 8 050.83 m s–1 8 The gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of the mass of the two bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the centres of the two bodies. What is the law explained in the statement above? A Kepler’s Law B Newton’s First Law of Motion C Newton’s Second Law of Motion D Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation 9 Why is mercury used as a liquid in thermometers? A Low boiling point B Low density C Ability to wet the glass tube D Ability to expand uniformly 10 Diagram 3 shows the thermometer readings for the same volume of boiling soup in bowls P and Q after one minute. Thermometer P Q Diagram 3 What causes the difference in the thermometer readings? A The specific heat capacity of bowl P . The specific heat capacity of bowl Q B The specific heat capacity of bowl P , The specific heat capacity of bowl Q C The specific heat capacity of bowl P . The specific heat capacity of soup D The specific heat capacity of bowl Q . The specific heat capacity of soup 11 1.0 kg of water at 20 °C is mixed with 1.0 kg of water at 70 °C. Estimate the temperature of the mixture. A Between 20 °C and 70 °C B Less than 10 °C C More than 50 °C D Equal to 20 °C 12 Table 1 shows the specific heat capacity for materials J, K and L. Material Specific heat capacity (J kg–1 °C–1) J 380 K 750 L 3 800 Table 1 Which materials are the most suitable for the base and the handle of a frying pan? Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 208 14-Jan-23 1:42:08 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
209 SPM Model Test Base Handle A J L B L J C K L D L K 13 Diagram 4 shows the size of a balloon in an airtight container before and after the piston is pulled upwards. Pulled upwards Pistons Balloons Before After Diagram 4 Which physics law explains the situation in Diagram 4? A Boyle’s law B Charles’ law C Pressure law D Gay-Lussac’s law 14 Diagram 5 shows a displacementdistance graph of a wave. Displacement (cm) Distance (cm) 12 –12 2 4 6 Diagram 5 What is the amplitude of the wave? A 4 cm C 12 cm B 6 cm D 24 cm 15 Diagram 6 shows a submarine applying the phenomenon of reflection of wave by producing a ‘ping’ sound to detect the enemy submarine. Submarine Enemy submarine Diagram 6 Which statement is correct about the reflected sound? A The speed of the sound wave is unchanged B The frequency of the sound wave decreases C The amplitude of the sound wave increases D The wavelength of the sound wave increases 16 Diagram 7 shows an interference pattern. X Y Crest Trough Coherent sources Diagram 7 Which combination is correct? Interference at X Line Y A Constructive Nodal B Constructive Antinodal C Destructive Nodal D Destructive Antinodal 17 Diagram 8 shows the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio wave Microwave Infrared Visible light Ultraviolet X-ray Gamma ray Diagram 8 What is the common property of all types of electromagnetic waves? Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 209 14-Jan-23 1:42:09 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
210 SPM Model Test A All waves have the same frequency B All waves require a medium to propagate C All waves have the same wavelength D All waves propagate with the same velocity in vacuum 18 Diagram 9 shows a fishing boat successfully detecting a group of bluefin tuna. The boat sends ultrasonic waves to the seabed at a speed of 2 500 m s–1. The time taken for the ultrasonic waves to be reflected back to the boat is 30 ms. Diagram 9 Calculate the distance between the bluefin tuna and the boat. A 36 m C 75 m B 37.5 m D 360 m 19 Diagram 10 shows a letter, K and its image in a plane mirror. K Object K Plane mirror Image Diagram 10 What is the characteristic of the image shown in Diagram 10? A Apparent depth B Refractive index C Laterally inverted D Total internal reflection 20 Which ray diagram shows the correct path of light ray when it passes through three different mediums? A C Air Water Glass Air Water Glass Air Water Glass Air Water Glass B D 21 Diagram 11 shows light rays travelling from a distant object to a convex lens. F F 2F A C DB O Diagram 11 At which position, A, B, C or D, is the image formed? 22 Diagram 12 shows the arrangement of two convex lenses of an astronomical telescope at normal adjustment. The focal length of lens P and lens Q is 20 cm and 4 cm respectively. Lens P Lens Q Diagram 12 Calculate the distance between lenses P and Q. A 5 cm C 25 cm B 24 cm D 30 cm Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 210 14-Jan-23 1:42:10 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
211 SPM Model Test 23 Diagram 13 shows a box hanging from X by a string. q p r X Diagram 13 If the sum of the forces acting at X is zero, which triangle of forces is correct? A p r q C p r q B p r q D p r q 24 Diagram 14 shows the forces acting on a reversing lorry. F1 W F2 F3 Diagram 14 What are F1 , F2 and F3 ? F1 F2 F3 A Normal reaction Thrust Drag force B Thrust Normal reaction Drag force C Drag force Thrust Normal reaction D Normal reaction Drag force Thrust 25 Diagram 15 shows a student pulling a box with a mass of 40 kg on a trolley. The trolley moves at a constant velocity. T 30° Diagram 15 What is the frictional force acting on the trolley and the box if the tension of the rope, T is 400 N? A 53.6 N C 346.4 N B 306.4 N D 400.0 N 26 Diagram 16 shows a water tanker transferring water into a tank. Water tanker Water Water tank 3 m 2 m X 0.2 m Diagram 16 Calculate the water pressure at X. [Density of water = 1 000 kg m–3] A 1.44 × 103 N m–2 B 1.44 × 104 N m–2 C 1.58 × 104 N m–2 D 1.77 × 104 N m–2 27 A man on a raft is floating on the sea surface. Which physics principle is used to explain the above situation? A Archimedes’ principle B Bernoulli’s principle C Pascal’s principle D Charles’ law Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 211 14-Jan-23 1:42:11 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
212 SPM Model Test 28 Diagram 17 shows an electric circuit. A Light bulb V 14 V 6 3 Diagram 17 What is the voltmeter reading if the resistance of the light bulb is 12 Ω? A 8 V C 18 V B 12 V D 36 V 29 Which statement is correct about the internal resistance of a dry cell? A Internal resistance depends on the current flow B Internal resistance can be calculated by using the formula, r = V – ε I C Resistance against the moving charge due to the electrolyte in the cell D Work done by a source in driving a unit charge around a complete circuit 30 Diagram 18 shows a wire frame hanging freely between the poles of a magnet. N S Current, I Wire Magnet Diagram 18 How can the speed of swinging of the wire frame be increased? A Increasing the current B Using constantan wire C Changing the polarity of the power supply D Using a thinner wire frame 31 Diagram 19 shows the power rating label on an electric kettle. The power of the kettle is 2 500 W. Kettle Diagram 19 What is the meaning of 2 500 W? A 2 500 volts per second B 2 500 joules per second C 2 500 volts per ampere D 2 500 joules per coulomb 32 What is the advantage of an alternating current supply? A Alternating current is easier to generate B The voltage of the alternating current can be changed easily C The frequency of the alternating current can be changed easily D The power of the supply can be maintained at a constant value 33 Diagram 20 shows an activity to investigate factors affecting the magnitude of induced current. S N h G Diagram 20 Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 212 14-Jan-23 1:42:12 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
213 SPM Model Test Which step will increase the magnitude of the induced current? A Using more turns of solenoid B Using a thicker wire of solenoid C Using a bigger diameter of solenoid D Decreasing the height, h of the magnet from the solenoid 34 A transformer has 500 turns of the primary coil and 100 turns of the secondary coil. An alternating current power supply of 25 V is connected across the primary coil. What is the voltage across the secondary coil? A 5.0 V C 50.0 V B 12.5 V D 175.0 V 35 Diagram 21 shows an automatic switch circuit. R1 R3 R2 Diagram 21 Which statement is true? HOTS Analysing A If R1 is a light dependent resistor, the light bulb lights up during the daytime B If R2 is a light dependent resistor, the light bulb lights up during the daytime C If R3 is a light dependent resistor, the light bulb lights up during the daytime D If the terminals of the battery are reversed, the light bulb lights up during the daytime 36 Diagram 22 shows the connection of four diodes and one light bulb in a circuit. P S R Q A B Diagram 22 Which paths of the current flow will light up the light bulb? A APSQRB and BRSQPA B APQSRB and BRQSPA C BRSQPA and APSQBR D BRQSPA and APQRB 37 Diagram 23 shows a decay curve for a radioactive substance. Activity (count per minute) 36 Time (hour) 0 12.5%N0 N0 Diagram 23 Determine the half-life of the radioactive substance. A 9 hours C 18 hours B 12 hours D 72 hours 38 Table 2 shows the half-lives of four types of liquid isotopes that radiate gamma ray. Liquid isotope Half-life A 10 seconds B 2 hours C 5 months D 10 years Table 2 Which liquid isotope, A, B, C or D, is suitable to be used to detect blood clots? Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 213 14-Jan-23 1:42:12 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
214 SPM Model Test 39 A red laser pen emits light with a wavelength of 770 nm. If the number of photons emitted is 4.47 × 1018 per second, what is the output power of the laser pen? [h = 6.63 × 10–34 J s, c = 3.00 × 108 m s–1] A 3.00 W B 1.15 W C 0.30 W D 0.11 W 40 The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is found to be 9.92 × 10–20 J when a clean caesium metal surface is irradiated with a blue light. What is the frequency of the blue light? [Work function of caesium = 3.43 × 10–19 J, Planck’s constant = 6.63 × 10–34 J s] A 7.73 × 1016 Hz B 6.67 × 1015 Hz C 6.67 × 1014 Hz D 4.30 × 1014 Hz 1 Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show two different types of landing performed by two male gymnasts. Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2 (a) Name the force that allows the gymnasts to land on the floor. [1 mark] (b) Which type of landing is safer? Give a reason. [2 marks] PAPER 2 Time: 2 hours 30 minutes Section A [60 marks] Instructions: Answer all questions in this section. Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 214 14-Jan-23 1:42:12 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
215 SPM Model Test (c) Explain one modification that needs to be done so that both gymnasts can land more safely. [1 mark] 2 Diagram 2 shows a box with a mass of 50 kg on an inclined plane with an angle of 30° above the horizontal surface. The frictional force acting between the box and the inclined plane is 245.25 N. Weight 30° 50 kg ƒ Diagram 2 (a) What is meant by frictional force? [1 mark] (b) Calculate the resultant of the forces parallel to the inclined plane. [2 marks] (c) Based on your answer in 2(b), explain what happens to the motion of the box. [2 marks] 3 A submarine with a mass of 1.1 × 107 kg is at a depth of 2 000 m from sea level. The submarine is on the mission to map the seabed. (a) State Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation. [1 mark] Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 215 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
216 SPM Model Test (b) Calculate the value of gravitational acceleration at the position of the submarine. [Radius of the Earth = 6.37 × 106 m, mass of the Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg, G = 6.67 × 10–11 N m2 kg–2] [3 marks] (c) Give two effects on humans if they are in the zero gravity region. [2 marks] 4 Diagram 4 shows a light bulb connected to a simple transformer. 240 V Light bulb 5 V, 15 W Diagram 4 (a) What is the type of the transformer? [1 mark] (b) Explain how the light bulb can light up. [2 marks] (c) When the power supply is switched on, the light bulb is lighted up with normal brightness. (i) What is the value of output voltage? [1 mark] Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 216 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
217 SPM Model Test (ii) If the number of turns of the primary coil is 24 000, calculate the number of turns of the secondary coil. [2 marks] (iii) If the same transformer in 4(c)(ii) is used, calculate the voltage across the secondary coil if the input voltage is 300 V. [2 marks] (d) The alternating current input voltage in Diagram 4 is replaced with direct current input voltage. Will the light bulb light up? [1 mark] 5 Diagram 5 shows a container used to study liquid pressure. Water flowing out through holes X and Y is observed. 5 m h1 h2 X Y B Diagram 5 (a) What is the meaning of pressure? [1 mark] (b) Observe Diagram 5. (i) Compare the depth of holes X and Y from the surface of the water. [1 mark] (ii) Compare the horizontal distances of the jet of water from holes X and Y. [1 mark] Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 217 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
218 SPM Model Test (iii) Relate the horizontal distance in 5(b)(ii) with the depth of the hole. [1 mark] (c) (i) State another factor that affects the pressure in a liquid. [1 mark] (ii) Calculate the pressure at point B. [Density of water = 1 000 kg m–3] [2 marks] (iii) What will happen to the pressure at point B if water is replaced with gasoline? [1 mark] (iv) Modifications to the container will be made to reduce the pressure at point B. Suggest one modification so that the water content in the container is the same. HOTS Applying [1 mark] 6 A boy drops a piece of decorative stone into an aquarium that has different water depths. He found water waves of different distances formed on the surface of the water as shown in Diagram 6. Zone A Zone B Aquarium Water Diagram 6 Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 218 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
219 SPM Model Test (a) (i) Compare the depths of the two zones in the aquarium from the water surface. [1 mark] (ii) Compare the wavelengths of water in the two zones. [1 mark] (iii) Relate the wavelength of water wave with the depth of water in the aquarium. [1 mark] (iv) What will happen to the wavelength if the water is replaced with salt water with a density of 1 030 kg m–3? [1 mark] (b) (i) A geologist uses a seismic method to study the soil layer to determine whether the type of soil is suitable for development. Explain the method used. HOTS Analysing [3 marks] (ii) He found a suitable layer of rock when a signal transmitted with a velocity of 30 m s–1 was received after 2 minutes. Calculate the depth of the rock from the ground surface. [2 marks] Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 219 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
220 SPM Model Test 7 (a) Diagram 7 shows the symbol of a commonly used electrical component. Diagram 7 (i) Name the electrical component. [1 mark] (ii) State the function of the component. [1 mark] (iii) What is half-wave rectification? [1 mark] (b) As an electrical engineer, you are assigned to design the latest hair dryer for your company. Suggest suitable characteristics of the hair dryer and give your reasons. (i) Fan power Reason [2 marks] (ii) Diameter of heating element Reason [2 marks] (iii) Safety features Reason [2 marks] Q&A SPM Phyics KM 3rd.indd 220 14-Jan-23 1:42:13 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
231 Answers SPM Model Test Paper 1 1 B 2 D 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 A 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 C 15 A 16 A 17 D 18 B 19 C 20 C 21 B 22 B 23 B 24 D 25 C 26 D 27 A 28 B 29 C 30 A 31 B 32 B 33 A 34 A 35 A 36 A 37 B 38 B 39 B 40 C Paper 2 Section A 1 (a) Gravitational force (b) – Diagram 1.1. – Impulsive force is reduced when the gymnast bends his legs. (c) Use a softer landing pad to extend impact time. 2 (a) Force that opposes the motion of an object. (b) F = W sin 30° – 245.25 = mg sin 30° – 245.25 = (50)(9.81) sin 30° – 245.25 = 245.25 – 245.25 = 0 (c) – Stationary – Forces in equilibrium// The box is in equilibrium// All forces are balanced 3 (a) The gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of the masses of both bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the centres of the two bodies. (b) r = (6.37 × 106 ) – (2.0 × 103 ) = 6.368 × 106 m g = GM r2 = (6.67 × 10–11)(5.97 × 1024) (6.368 × 106 )2 = 9.82 m s–2 (c) – The immune system becomes weak – Deterioration of vision – The bones become less dense – The heart becomes hard to pump blood 4 (a) Step-down transformer (b) – When an alternating current flows in the primary coil, a magnetic field is produced. – The magnetic flux from the primary coil is linked to the secondary coil. – The changing magnetic field induces an alternating voltage across the secondary coil. (c) (i) 5 V (ii) NS NP = VS VP NS 24 000 = 5 240 NS = (24 000)(5) 240 = 500 lilitan (iii) VS VP = NS NP VS 300 = 500 24 000 VS = 6.25 V (d) No 5 (a) Force per unit area acting on a surface (b) (i) Depth of hole Y . depth of hole X (ii) Horizontal distance of the jet of water from hole Y . horizontal distance of the jet of water from hole X Q&A SPM Phyics KM Ans 3rd.indd 231 14-Jan-23 1:46:20 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
232 Answers (iii) The deeper the hole, the farther the horizontal distance of the jet of water. (c) (i) Density (ii) P = ρgh = (1 000)(9.81)(5) = 49 050 N m–2 (iii) Pressure at point B decreases. (iv) Decrease the height and increase the base diameter 6 (a) (i) Depth of zone A . depth of zone B (ii) Wavelength of water waves in zone A . wavelength of water waves in zone B (iii) The greater the depth of water, the greater the wavelength. (iv) Decreases (b) (i) – The seismic method transmits sound waves which are triggered by an explosion at the ground surface. – Sound waves pass through different layers of soil which are then reflected to the surface. – The time interval between the transmitted and received waves is recorded. (ii) d = 1 2 vt = 1 2(30)(2 × 60) = 1 800 m 7 (a) (i) Capacitor (ii) Stores and releases electricity in a circuit (iii) A rectification process that allows only half-cycle of an alternating current voltage waveform. (b) (i) High To produce fast and strong wind (ii) Small High resistance// To produce high thermal energy (iii) Has a suitable fuse To break the circuit when the current is excessive 8 (a) Direction of vibration of particles is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. (b) 24 Hz Displacement, s (m) Distance, d (m) A (c) Radio wave// Microwave// Infrared ray// Visible light// Ultraviolet ray// X-ray// Gamma ray (d) (i) Line the wall of hall with thick and soft materials Able to absorb sound and prevent sound from being reflected (ii) Use two loudspeakers So that a coherent sound can be produced for constructive inference (iii) Arrange the audience seats at the antinode positions So that the sound can be heard at maximum level Section B 9 (a) (i) Distance between focal point, F and optical centre, O of a lens (1) (ii) At normal adjustment, L = f o + f e 25 = 20 + f e (1) f e = 5 cm (1) (iii) Magnification of telescope, M = f o f e = 20 5 (1) = 4 (1) (b) (i) The thicker the lens, the shorter the focal length. (1) (ii) – A large diameter receives more light. (1) Q&A SPM Phyics KM Ans 3rd.indd 232 14-Jan-23 1:46:20 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.