PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
ii Unit 1 Articles 1 A Article ’A’ 1 B Article ’An’ 1 C Article ’The’ 2 D ‘Zero’ Article 2 Unit 2 Positive and Negative Statements 6 Positive and Negative Statements 6 Unit 3 Wh-Questions and Responses 11 Unit 4 Commands, Imperatives, Prohibitions and Requests 15 A Commands 15 B Imperatives 15 C Prohibitions 15 D Requests 15 Unit 5 Nouns 20 A Collective Nouns 20 B Forming Plurals 20 C Countable and Uncountable Nouns: Using ‘some’ and ‘any’ 21 Unit 6 Adjectives 25 A Types of Adjectives 25 B Comparison of Adjectives 25 Unit 7 Adverbs 30 Types of Adverbs 30 Unit 8 Prepositions 35 A Prepositions of Direction 35 B Prepositions of Time 36 Unit 9 Conjunctions 40 Unit 10 Connectors 45 Sequence Connectors and Sentence Connectors 45 Unit 11 Sentence Patterns 49 A Phrases 49 B Clauses 49 C Simple Sentences 49 D Compound Sentences 49 E Complex Sentences 50 Unit 12 Modals 54 A Can/Could 54 B May/Might 54 C Will/Would 55 D Shall/Should 55 E Ought to 56 F Need 56 G Must 56 H Have to/Have got to 56 I Used to 56 Unit 13 Subject-Verb Agreement 60 Unit 14 The Simple Present Tense 64 Unit 15 The Simple Past Tense 69 Unit 16 The Simple Future Tense 74 Unit 17 Punctuation 79 A Capital Letters 79 B The Full Stop ( . ) 79 C The Comma ( , ) 79 D The Question Mark ( ? ) 80 E The Apostrophe ( ’ ) 80 F The Exclamation Mark ( ! ) 81 G The Colon ( : ) 81 H The Semi Colon ( ; ) 81 Grammar Assessment 1 85 Grammar Assessment 2 89 Answers A1–A8 Contents Grammar Practice PPPM F2 - Cont 2nd.indd 2 12-Oct-22 2:09:34 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
1 A Article ‘A’ B Article ‘An’ Bubble Map Bubble Map The article ‘a’ is used with singular, countable nouns that begin with a consonant sound. a book a hat a pencil a toy The article ‘an’ is used with singular, countable nouns that begin with a vowel sound. an apple an umbrella an orange an igloo Unit 1 Articles Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U1.indd 1 12-Oct-22 2:06:05 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
2 C Article ‘The’ D ‘Zero’ Article The article ‘the’ is used for the following: There are times when an article is not needed as shown below. This is sometimes referred to as‘zero’ article. Usage Examples To refer to a specific person or object 1 The girl over there is Sally’s cousin. 2 Where is the book I lent you yesterday? To refer to something which is one of a kind 1 The earth is round. 2 The sky is so blue today. To refer to a special class or group of people 1 I feel so sorry for the handicapped. 2 Would you like to donate some money for the needy? To refer to something mentioned earlier 1 I bought a new clock yesterday. The clock has stopped. 2 Monica is looking at a photo album. The photo album belongs to Pei Leng. To refer to names of countries that begin with United or Republic 1 The United States of America 2 The Republic of South Korea To refer to proper nouns that are used as adjectives 1 The National Museum 2 The Selangor football team To refer to a range of mountains, a group of islands, names of rivers, etc. 1 The Amazon 2 The South Sea Islands Before the names of musical instruments and after the words ‘play’ or ‘learn’ 1 Can you play the guitar? 2 He plays the saxophone really well. Before singular nouns that are used to represent a whole class or species 1 The eagle is an enormous bird. 2 The lion belongs to the cat family. Usage Examples With uncountable nouns that are used in the general sense 1 Sugar is expensive these days. 2 Butter and cheese are dairy products. With abstract nouns that are used in the general sense 1 Knowledge is power. 2 Exercise is essential for health. With words like ‘college’, ‘home’, ‘hospital’, ‘school’, ‘town’, etc. 1 My sister walks to school. 2 We are all going home now. With names of roads, specific areas except when they are used as adjectives 1 My uncle lives in Green Hill Drive. 2 Many areas along Jalan Barat were flooded last week. With names of diseases or illnesses except with words like cold, fever, sore throat, etc. 1 Mr Leong died of cancer last year. 2 Measles and mumps are infectious diseases. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U1.indd 2 12-Oct-22 2:06:05 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
3 Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or –. 1 A : Mother has made orange cake. Would you like slice? B : Yes, large slice, please! 2 Lilian’s home is beautiful! She has airy, spacious bedroom and walk-in closet! 3 Beth is hardworking girl. I often see her studying in library. 4 A : It’s such lovely day! Let’s go to beach. B : beach? No way! I want to go to cinema to watch movie. 5 A : May I know time, please? B : I’m sorry, I don’t have watch. Please ask boy over there. He has watch. 6 My aunt has just returned from enjoyable holiday in East Malaysia. She stayed with old friend of hers who has bungalow by sea. 7 good friend of mine was killed in accident few weeks ago. She was driving to work at time of accident. 8 person who is happy all time can face problems in life better than person who always walks around with sad face. 9 Encik Ramli is retired bank officer. He is very pleasant and hardworking person. He now works in accounting firm. working hours are long but salary is good. 10 A : May I know way to nearest post office, please? B : It’s at junction of Jalan Melor and Jalan Awan. If you walk down road, you will come to junction. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U1.indd 3 12-Oct-22 2:06:06 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
4 Exercise 2 Complete the passage with a , an , the, or –. My wife and I have recently moved to this city. Since we’re going to be here for only (1) short time, we’re renting (2) furnished house. We decided that we didn’t want to bring our own furniture with us. (3) house is in (4) good location, but that’s about (5) only good thing I can say about it. Only one burner on (6) stove works. (7) refrigerator is noisy and (8) refrigerator door won’t stay closed unless we tape it shut. (9) bed sags in (10) middle and creaks. (11) rest of (12) furniture is old and decrepit too. Nevertheless, we’re still enjoying living in this city, though we may have to look for another house. Exercise 3 Identify the place of ten missing articles ( ) and write the correct articles needed. The first one has already been done for you. Zui Xen was a rich lady. She had rich grandparents and so she didn’t need to work. Then 27 years old, she bought things without looking at price. It didn’t matter if those things were sold for half price. When she woke up every morning, she wondered what she would do that day. Shopping was not pleasure. Eating at best restaurants was nothing new. Going abroad to another country was tiring. Anyway, she had visited most countries in world. But things changed one morning. When she woke up, she heard loud but melodious singing of black and white bird. It was magpie. She was captivated by sheer power of its tone – so strong and yet so sweet. It lifted her spirits bit. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U1.indd 4 12-Oct-22 2:06:06 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
5 Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or –. TEXT 1 TEXT 2 TEXT 3 (1) dugong is (2) aquatic mammal. It is closely related to (3) elephant. Dugongs have (4) smooth body and (5) flat forked tail. Some people believe that (6) legend of (7) mermaid may have originated from (8) dugong. (1) Giant Panda is not only (2) symbol of China but also (3) animal that is (4) well-known around (5) world. It is also (6) endangered species because there are less than (7) thousand left living in (8) wild. These gentle-looking creatures move slowly but can run up to (9) 32 kilometres in (10) hour. (1) koala is (2) marsupial – (3) mammal which carries its baby in its pouch while it grows. Koalas are found in (4) Australia specifically along (5) coast in (6) Eastern and Southern parts of (7) country. (8) koala, with its velvet-looking nose and (9) thick fur, looks like (10) teddy bear. It has (11) long sharp claws which it uses to grip and climb (12) eucalyptus tree. (13) leaves of (14) eucalyptus tree are also (15) koala’s main source of food. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U1.indd 5 12-Oct-22 2:06:07 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
6 Positive and Negative Statements Tree Map Statements Positive Statements Negative Statements We use a positive statement to refer to something that can or will be done. Examples: 1 Sally can speak French fluently. 2 I will visit my grandmother on Sunday. We use a negative statement to refer to something that cannot (can’t) or will not (won’t) be done. Examples: 1 Azmi cannot (can’t) swim. 2 We will not (won’t) go shopping today. Note the differences in the following sentences: Positive Statements Negative Statements 1 The bell has rung already. 2 There is some tea in the teapot. 3 There is someone in that room. 4 I have something to tell you. 1 The bell has not (hasn’t) rung yet. 2 There isn’t any tea in the teapot. 3 There isn’t anyone in that room. 4 I haven’t anything to tell you. Exercise 1 Change the following positive statements into negative statements. Positive : Kenny walks to school. Negative : Kenny does not (doesn’t) walk to school. 1 Positive : Lina lives in Australia. Negative : 2 Positive : Karina went to Batu Pahat last week. Negative : Unit Positive and Negative 2 Statements Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U2.indd 6 12-Oct-22 2:06:19 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
7 3 Positive : It rained very heavily last night. Negative : 4 Positive : The plane to China has taken off already. Negative : 5 Positive : Kamal studies very hard. Negative : 6 Positive : My mother goes to the market every morning. Negative : 7 Positive : My little brother can talk already. Negative : 8 Positive : There are some birds on that tree. Negative : 9 Positive : There is something for you on the table. Negative : 10 Positive : The postman has delivered the letters already. Negative : Exercise 2 Make positive and negative statements using the words provided. Guna – took – niece – zoo – Saturday Positive : Guna took his niece to the zoo on Saturday. Negative : Guna didn’t take his niece to the zoo on Saturday. 1 Seng Kee – likes – watch – horror movies Positive : Negative : Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U2.indd 7 12-Oct-22 2:06:19 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
8 2 My grandmother – fell – bathroom – yesterday Positive : Negative : 3 Mother – cooked – dinner – already/yet Positive : Negative : 4 It – raining – heavily – at the moment Positive : Negative : 5 The fishermen – caught – terrible storm – few days ago Positive : Negative : 6 My neighbour – owns – bakery – town Positive : Negative : 7 My dog – bit – postman – yesterday Positive : Negative : 8 There – are – ripe mangoes – that tree Positive : Negative : 9 Mrs Lee – gave – us – lift home – yesterday Positive : Negative : 10 Sheila – has – headache – now Positive : Negative : Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U2.indd 8 12-Oct-22 2:06:20 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
9 Exercise 3 Circle the negative form of the sentences given. 1 She can play the piano well. A She isn’t play the piano well. B She can’t play the piano well. C She don’t play the piano well. D She hasn’t play the piano well. 2 He plays football every weekend. A He isn’t play football every weekend. B He weren’t play football every weekend. C He doesn’t play football every weekend. D He haven’t play football every weekend. 3 I received an e-mail from Sue. A I isn’t receive an e-mail from Sue. B I didn’t receive an e-mail from Sue. C I hasn’t receive an e-mail from Sue. D I doesn’t receive an e-mail from Sue. 4 Valerie has the latest camera. A Valerie hasn’t the latest camera. B Valerie isn’t has the latest camera. C Valerie aren’t have the latest camera. D Valerie doesn’t have the latest camera. 5 Now is a good time to go kite-flying. A Now isn’t a good time to go kite-flying. B Now aren’t a good time to go kite-flying. C Now didn’t a good time to go kite-flying. D Now haven’t a good time to go kite-flying. 6 This bus stops at Medan Din now. A This bus don’t stop at Medan Din now. B This bus aren’t stop at Medan Din now. C This bus haven’t stop at Medan Din now. D This bus doesn’t stop at Medan Din now. 7 Jasmin’s roast chicken is very tasty. A Jasmin’s roast chicken not very tasty. B Jasmin’s roast chicken isn’t very tasty. C Jasmin’s roast chicken aren’t very tasty. D Jasmin’s roast chicken weren’t very tasty 8 Sean likes to eat spicy food. A Sean can’t eat spicy food. B Sean won’t eat spicy food. C Sean didn’t like to eat spicy food. D Sean doesn’t like to eat spicy food. Exercise 4 Circle the positive form of the sentences given. 1 They don’t have choir practice today. A They are choir practice today. B They has choir practice today. C They can choir practice today. D They have choir practice today. 2 He hasn’t found a place to park his car. A He is found a place to park his car. B He do found a place to park his car. C He has found a place to park his car. D He have found a place to park his car. 3 There isn’t any oil left in the bottle. A There are oil left in the bottle. B There is any oil left in the bottle. C There is some oil left in the bottle. D There has some oil left in the bottle. 4 Those rose bushes aren’t flowering. A Those rose bushes do flowering. B Those rose bushes are flowering. C Those rose bushes were flowering. D Those rose bushes have flowering. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U2.indd 9 12-Oct-22 2:06:20 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
10 5 They weren’t able to attend the meeting yesterday. A They is able to attend the meeting yesterday. B They able to attend the meeting yesterday. C They have able to attend the meeting yesterday. D They were able to attend the meeting yesterday. 6 She wasn’t happy with the dress. A She is happy with the dress. B She has happy with the dress. C She was happy with the dress. D She does happy with the dress. 7 My parents didn’t buy the watch for me. A My parents buy the watch for me. B My parents buying the watch for me. C My parents bought the watch for me. D My parents have buy the watch for me. 8 My sister and I don’t like to cook. A My sister and I did cook. B My sister and I can cook. C My sister and I like to cook. D My sister and I have cooked. Exercise 5 Use the correct verbs in the boxes to complete the following sentences. 1 Rohana and Halina in. They were at the cinema. wasn’t/weren’t 2 We in a big city. We live in the suburbs. doesn’t live/don’t live 3 She to the radio every day. listens/listen 4 My niece and her family members of the Fly Asia Club. aren’t/isn’t 5 Those planes from India passengers. doesn’t carry/don’t carry 6 Hens two legs. They can lay many eggs. has/have 7 She pleased with her Physics test marks. wasn’t/weren’t 8 He Hokkien very well. doesn’t speak/don’t speak 9 Harry Potter a famous movie. are/is 10 The twins come back from school. hasn’t/haven’t Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U2.indd 10 12-Oct-22 2:06:20 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
11 The following are wh-questions and their usages: Word Usage Examples Who Asks about people. It refers to the subject of the verb in the question. 1 Who is that woman? 2 Who gave you this watch? Whom Asks about people. It refers to the object of the verb in the question. 1 Whom were you talking to just now? 2 Whom shall I say is calling? Whose Asks about possessions or belongings 1 Whose bag is this? 2 Whose key is this? When Asks about the time of an event or an occurrence 1 When did you last meet Peter? 2 When are you coming to visit me? Where Asks about the place of an event or an occurrence 1 Where has Helena gone? 2 Where are your books? How Asks about the manner in which an action is carried out 1 How did you come to school today? 2 How far is the post office from here? What Asks about people, animals or things 1 What is your name? 2 What is the time now? Which Asks to identify specific people, animals, or things 1 Which of these books is yours? 2 Which teacher asked you to come here? Why Asks for the reason for an action or event 1 Why is Mrs Lee so angry? 2 Why is the dog barking? Unit Wh-Questions and 3 Responses Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U3.indd 11 12-Oct-22 2:06:32 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
12 Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with a suitable wh-word from the box. Q: Where are you from? A: Japan. Who Whom Whose When Where How What Which Why 1 Q : key opens the gate? A : The longest one. 2 Q : knocked on the door just now? A : My sister. 3 Q : shirt are you wearing? A : Mine of course. 4 Q : did Mrs Lee scold you just now? A : I forgot to do my homework. 5 Q : do you usually come to school? A : By bus. 6 Q : should I give these books to? A : Mrs Maniam. 7 Q : were you absent yesterday? A : I was ill. 8 Q : is your brother leaving for New York? A : Next Saturday. 9 Q : have the children gone? A : To the playground. 10 Q : is the gardener doing? A : Mowing the lawn. Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U3.indd 12 12-Oct-22 2:06:32 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
13 Exercise 2 For each question, choose the best answer from the options given. 1 Q : far is it from here to your school? A : About 5 km. A How C Which B What D Where 2 Q : shall we do today? A : Let’s go for a picnic. A How B Why C What D When 3 Q : are the children laughing? A : They’re watching a comedy on TV. A How B Why C When D Where 4 Q : school bag is that? A : It’s Hanif’s. A Who B Which C Whom D Whose 5 Q : was Amarjit talking to on the phone? A : His best friend. A What C How B Whom D Why 6 Q : one of these books is yours? A : The one with my name on it. A Whose C What B Whom D Which 7 Q : did your mother go to Singapore? A : Last week. A How B Why C When D Where 8 Q : did you come to school today? A : My neighbour gave me a lift. A How B Why C When D Where 9 Q : is the baby crying? A : I think he’s hungry. A How B Why C When D Where 10 Q : are you off to? A : The market. A How C When B Why D Where 11 Q : bag was stolen yesterday? A : Sheila’s bag. A Who B Who’s C Whom D Whose 12 Q : did you do in your exam? A : Quite well, actually. A How B Who C What D Where 13 Q : shirt do you like better? A : I prefer the red one. A Why B Which C Where D Whose 14 Q : do you want to do now? A : I think I want to go bowling. A How C When B What D Where Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U3.indd 13 12-Oct-22 2:06:32 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
14 Exercise 3 Underline the correct words in brackets. 1 (Why/How) was Kelvin in a hurry? 2 (How/What) much does this cost? 3 (Whom/Who) wants this calendar? 4 (Whose/Who) answered correctly? 5 (Whose/Whom) house has a fish pond? 6 (When/What) are you cooking for lunch? 7 (Where/How) did Jowin buy the travelling bag? 8 (How/Where) did you go to the railway station? 9 (Who/Which) is the tallest building in the world? 10 (When/Why) didn’t you finish your homework last night? Exercise 4 Change the wh-questions according to the answers in brackets. Q: Where did you learn? (I learned how to bake.) A: What did you learn? 1 When is the doctor coming? (I am sick.) 2 Where did you see the snake? (I saw the snake this morning.) 3 Where did your mother go to the mall? (My mother took the bus.) 4 Who did Hardy buy at the concession stand? (He bought a box of popcorn.) 5 What did you study at the university? (I studied for four years.) Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U3.indd 14 12-Oct-22 2:06:32 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
15 A Commands B Imperatives C Prohibitions D Requests A command is a stern way to ask for something to be done. It is a short statement and usually begins with a verb. The verb used is always in the simple present tense. An imperative is also used to express that something needs to be done. However, the speaker uses a gentler tone. The subject (person spoken to) may be addressed. Here too, the verb is always in the simple present tense. A prohibition always begins with ‘Don’t/Do not’. It is a negative command. The verb is also in the simple present tense. A request is a polite way of asking for something. The tone is gentle and the verb used is always in the simple present tense. A request usually begins with ‘please’ , ‘would you’ , ‘could you’ , etc. 1 Stand up straight! 2 Salute your captain! 1 You have to be in class on time. 2 You must always be polite to your elders. 1 Don’t walk on the grass. 2 Do not talk in the library. 1 May I come in? 2 Please lend me your pen. Unit Commands, Imperatives, 4 Prohibitions and Requests Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U4.indd 15 12-Oct-22 2:06:44 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
16 Exercise 1 Choose a suitable expression for each of the situations below. Stop talking! Drive carefully. Speak up! Don’t tell lies. Put down your pens! Call for an ambulance! Don’t be so cruel! Don’t touch my things! Stop giggling! Eat your vegetables. Situation What You Say 1 Your brother is a very reckless driver. 2 Your younger sister doesn’t tell the truth. 3 Someone asks for something very softly. 4 Your sister is always meddling with your things. 5 The test has ended but the students are still writing. 6 Your little cousin has pushed the vegetables on his plate aside. 7 You see a badly injured accident victim. 8 Some boys are throwing stones at a stray puppy. 9 Your friends are giggling for no reason. 10 The students in class are noisy. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U4.indd 16 12-Oct-22 2:06:45 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
17 Exercise 2 Change the following statements into prohibitions. Q: Come home early. A: Don’t come home late. 1 Please keep off the grass. 2 Please refrain from feeding the animals. 3 Could you please stay out of the library today? 4 I wish you would be more polite! 5 Please use water sparingly. 6 You are not allowed to park in this area. 7 Could you please not use mobile phones here? 8 Please leave the flowers alone. 9 Kindly leave the room. 10 Please refrain from smoking here. Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U4.indd 17 12-Oct-22 2:06:45 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
18 Exercise 3 Write a suitable prohibition for each of the pictures below. 1 2 3 4 5 Don’t paste posters on this wall. Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U4.indd 18 12-Oct-22 2:06:46 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
19 Exercise 4 Change these statements into commands. 1 You are not permitted to walk on the grass. 2 Please put your pencils down. 3 You should turn off the tap after you have washed your hands, Lin. 4 You are making too much noise. 5 You should not walk about when the teacher is teaching. Exercise 5 Change these statements into imperatives. 1 Keep away from the cage! 2 Don’t jaywalk! 3 Don’t sign the contract without reading the terms carefully. 4 Don’t waste electricity! Turn off the lights now! 5 You must not be cruel to animals. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U4.indd 19 12-Oct-22 2:06:46 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
20 A Collective Nouns B Forming Plurals Some nouns refer to a group of animals, people or things. Countable nouns can be used in the singular or plural form. Plural nouns are formed in the following ways: How plural nouns are formed Examples By adding (-s) to some words 1 hat – hats 2 arm – arms By adding (-es) to words that end with (‘s’, ’ch’, ‘sh’ or ‘x’) 1 class – classes 2 brush – brushes By changing (-y) to (-ies), if the (-y) is next to a consonant 1 baby – babies 2 pony – ponies By adding (-s) to some words ending with(-y), if the (-y) is next to a vowel 1 day – days 2 way – ways By changing (-f) or (-fe) in some words to (-ves) 1 calf – calves 2 wife – wives By adding (-s) to some words ending in (-f) or (-fe) 1 roof – roofs 2 chief – chiefs By adding (-es) to some words ending in (-o) 1 hero – heroes 2 potato – potatoes By adding (-s) to some words ending in (-o) 1 radio – radios 2 video – videos 1 A brood of chickens 2 An army of soldiers 3 A troop of monkeys Unit 5 Nouns Examples: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U5.indd 20 12-Oct-22 2:06:56 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
21 How plural nouns are formed Examples By changing the vowel of some words 1 foot – feet 2 woman – women By adding (-en) or (-ren) to some words 1 ox – oxen 2 child – children By adding (-s) to compound words 1 teammate – teammates 2 bridesmaid – bridesmaids Some nouns are always used in the singular form even if they end with (-s). 1 news – news 2 billiards – billiards Some nouns appear only in the plural form. 1 clothes 2 scissors With some nouns, there is no change when they are used in the plural form. 1 deer – deer 2 sheep – sheep ‘Some’ is usually used in positive statements or questions. Examples: 1 There are some people outside. 2 May I have some coffee? 3 I bought some clothes at the mall. ‘Any’ is usually used in negative statements or questions. Examples: 1 There isn’t anyone outside. 2 Isn’t there any tea left? 3 Do you have any idea what you have done? ‘Some’ and ‘any’ can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. However, they are used differently. NOTE NOTE C Countable and Uncountable Nouns: Using ‘some’ and ‘any’ Tree Map Countable and Uncountable Some Any Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U5.indd 21 12-Oct-22 2:06:56 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
22 Exercise 1 Write down the plural forms of the following words. Singular Plural 1 box 2 dwarf 3 tomato 4 fire-engine 5 flower 6 key 7 photo 8 lady 9 salmon 10 branch 11 monkey 12 uncle 13 mango 14 tooth 15 passer-by 16 mouse 17 wing 18 furniture 19 thief 20 story Singular Plural 21 bride 22 colony 23 dress 24 elf 25 banana 26 glass 27 horse 28 image 29 judge 30 jury 31 leech 32 library 33 machine 34 orange 35 piano 36 message 37 quiz 38 quote 39 trolley 40 wish Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U5.indd 22 12-Oct-22 2:06:56 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
23 Exercise 2 For each question, choose the best answer from the options given. 1 The crows every morning. A hen C nestling B rooster D nanny-goat 2 friends visited Mimi at the hospital yesterday. A A host of C A school of B A team of D A bundle of 3 An international movie star made a guest on the local sitcom. A appear C appearing B appeared D appearance 4 The received gifts during the open house celebration. A child C children B childs D childrens 5 Shopkeeper, engineer, clerk and farmer are types of . A hobbies C activities B business D occupations 6 Mrs Low gave her students two pop last week. A quiz C quizzes B quizs D quizzies 7 The elderly judge is known for his as well as his compassion. A wise C wisest B wiser D wisdom 8 We saw two and four at the funfair. A ponies, donkies B ponys, donkeys C ponies, donkeys D ponyes, donkeyes 9 My neighbour donated several pieces of to the Old Folk’s Home. A furniture C furnituries B furnitures D furnituress 10 The Arabian prince has horses roaming freely in his large estate. A a stud of C a flock of B a herd of D a brood of 11 His failure to improve in his studies was due to . A lazy C laziest B lazier D laziness 12 Most of my classmates live in the closest to our school. A neighbour C neighbouring B neighbours D neighbourhood 13 A kitten, a nestling, a grub and a puppy are the of animals. A young C feminine B gender D masculine 14 The woman’s could be heard across the hall. A laugh C laughed B laughter D laughing 15 Cutlery, menus, plates and woks are things found in a . A office C factory B market D restaurant 16 He made his after carefully weighing the pros and cons. A selection C select B selective D selector 17 We bought our father tools for his birthday. A a set of C a stack of B a heap of D a bundle of 18 The farmer and his workers sheared the and then put the in sacks. A sheep, wool C sheepes, woolies B sheeps, wool D sheepies, wooles Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U5.indd 23 12-Oct-22 2:06:56 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
24 Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with some or any. Join it to the word after it if necessary. I hope to see you again some time soon. 1 A: May I have tea? B : I’m sorry, there isn’t more in the pot. If you could wait for a few minutes, I’ll make more fresh tea. 2 We found a wallet just now. It had cards and pieces of paper but it didn’t contain money. 3 A: Do you have interesting books I could borrow? B : Yes, I bought just yesterday. You can borrow them time you like. 4 Rina wants to buy ingredients to make a chocolate cake. 5 A: Does Rina need eggs? B : No, she doesn’t. There are in the refrigerator. 6 A: Did we get letters while we were on vacation? B : Yes, there are in the mailbox. 7 A: I think one is at the door. B : No, there isn’t one there. I just checked. 8 A: May I have food, please? B : I’m so sorry, I don’t have food but I can give you money so you can buy thing that you would like to eat. 9 Peggy, I have thing very important to tell you. Is there where we can go where we can talk without one hearing us? 10 A: There are strange noises coming from the house next door. Could one have broken in? B : I haven’t idea! Example: Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U5.indd 24 12-Oct-22 2:06:56 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
25 A Types of Adjectives B Comparison of Adjectives Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns. They can be used in many ways. Types of Adjectives Examples Adjectives of quality or description are used to describe the appearance or quality of the noun or pronoun. worried faces wild animal expensive clothes Adjectives of quantity refer to the amount or number of things described. some money nine books two boys no water Demonstrative adjectives point out the nouns or pronouns that are being talked about. that boy these grapes this key those children Interrogative adjectives ask questions about the nouns or pronouns that are being talked about. Whose shoes …? Which boy …? What time …? Distributive adjectives refer to nouns taken singly or in a group. Each person All animals Every child Neither boy There are three degrees of comparison. • The positive degree is used to compare two things. They can be equal or unequal. Formation Example 1 Amy is already as tall as her mother. 2 This bag is not as heavy as that one. 1 (equal) … as + adjective + as … 2 (unequal) … not as + adjective + as … Unit 6 Adjectives Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U6.indd 25 12-Oct-22 2:07:07 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
26 • The comparative degree is used to compare two things having the same quality. • The superlative degree is used to compare three or more things. Example Example Formation Formation 1 Kay is more intelligent than her brother. 1 Who is the smartest boy in your class? 2 This dress is cheaper than that one. 2 This is the most wonderful day of my life! 1 … more + adjective + than … 1 … the + adjective + ‘-est’ … 2 … adjective + ‘-er’ + than … 2 … the most + adjective … • Most one-syllable and some two-syllable adjectives form the comparative and superlative degree by adding -er or -est. • Adjectives with two or more syllables usually form the comparative and superlative degree by adding more or most before the word. NOTE NOTE Exercise 1 Complete the table below correctly. Positive Degree Comparative Degree Superlative Degree 1 brave 2 great 3 quiet 4 lazy 5 naughty 6 ugly 7 big 8 fat 9 hot 10 thin Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U6.indd 26 12-Oct-22 2:07:07 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
27 Positive Degree Comparative Degree Superlative Degree 11 bad 12 good 13 little 14 many 15 much 16 beautiful 17 generous 18 famous 19 popular 20 serious Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct word in brackets. 1 Lenny’s father is a (wealthy, wealth) man. 2 I am (bored, boring)! Let’s go shopping. 3 Have you read any (interested, interesting) books lately? 4 Where have all the (stealing, stolen) paintings been hidden? 5 Many (value, valuable) paintings were stolen from an art gallery yesterday. 6 Have you heard the (shocked, shocking) news about Mr Lim’s tragic death? 7 My brother is such a (reckless, wrecked) driver. He’s met with two accidents within six months. 8 Iced lemon tea is a (refreshed, refreshing) drink, especially on hot days. 9 Ann is such an (attracting, attractive) girl. She has many admirers. 10 This room is so (dusted, dusty)! Please clean it up. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U6.indd 27 12-Oct-22 2:07:07 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
28 Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives of your own. 1 Who is the student in your class? 2 May I have some coffee, please? 3 Tina looks . Is anything bothering her? 4 Nobody likes Teeva because she is very . 5 The exam was so ! Everyone did badly! 6 Nora likes to eat desserts. She has a tooth. Exercise 4 The adjectives below may not be appropriate to describe the nouns although they sound right. Replace them with the words given. bored awful embarrassing graceful petite fair delicious smart expensive luxurious 1 I was so boring just now. 2 A Mercedes is an costly car. 3 Maya is such a beautiful dancer. 4 My brother just shouted at me in public. It was so shameful. 5 The bedrooms in the Lakeside Hotel are more extravagant than those in the Globe Hotel. 6 Anna Florence is the most tiny lady among the female staff in our college. 7 I feel so disgusted for forgetting my mother’s birthday. 8 The dishes served in the hotel are wonderful. 9 Siti Nurhaliza has a bright complexion. 10 Nur Aisyah is a sharp student. Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U6.indd 28 12-Oct-22 2:07:08 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.
29 Exercise 5 For each question, choose the best answer from the options given. 1 This room is beautiful but it is , isn’t it? A tiny B tinier C more tiny D more tinier than 2 The road is very . Only one vehicle can pass through at a time. A thick B deep C narrow D shallow 3 I have travelled is to New Zealand. A The further B The furthest C Further than D The most further 4 What is in that bag, Kiran? A big black B thick long C square big D leather brown 5 The pink floral dress is the sequined dress. A the prettiest B prettier than C the most prettiest D more prettier than 6 Why are you still wearing that T-shirt, John? A clean B dirty C thick D wide 7 Mrs Bing makes cupcakes in the neighbourhood. A as tasty as B more tasty C the tastiest D tastier than 8 The wooden chair is the plastic stool. A sturdier than B the sturdiest C more sturdiest D more sturdy than 9 Bungee jumping is sport I have ever done. A terrifying than B as terrifying as C the most terrifying D more terrifying than 10 My father is my mother who is bubbly all the time. A as serious as B the most serious C the more serious D more serious than 11 Please be careful, Ganesh. That knife is very . A long B sharp C slippery D expensive 12 What was moment in your life, Farid? A most embarrassing B more embarrassing C the most embarrassing D the more embarrassing Grammar Practice PPPM F2-U6.indd 29 12-Oct-22 2:07:08 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD.