33 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar Conjunctions Conjunctions are joining words. They join ideas and sentences. and Joins the same ideas She is thin. She is tall. She is thin and tall. but Shows contrast He is rich. He is not happy. He is rich but he is not happy. or Shows choice Do you want this pen? Do you want that pen? Do you want this pen or that pen? Formative Practice 17 Complete these sentences with ‘and’, ‘but’ or ‘or’. 1 We have a dog a cat. 2 I had RM10 with me I’ve lost it now. 3 Do you like to draw trees flowers? 4 Do you want to join the English Club the Chess Club? 5 You can have this cherry pie that cake not both! 6 It was getting late. So, we packed up went home. 7 It was raining cats dogs. We just couldn’t go out! 8 It was a good trip a very tiring one. 9 I have to go home feed the cat. 10 She is old still strong. Tenses The Present Simple Tense T he present simple tense is used for the following: Usage Examples For habitual actions. • I brush my teeth every day. • I visit my grandmother every week. To describe feelings and senses. • I feel happy today. • The drink is sweet. Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 33 6/12/2024 3:03:07 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 33 6/12/2024 4:31:36 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
34 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar The present simple tense is formed as follows: Rule Spelling Rule Examples 1 Verb + ‘s’ • For He/She/It • He walks to school. • She plays chess. 2 Do not add ‘s’ • For I/You/We/They • We play hockey. • They sing well. Spelling Rules The spelling is different for the verb depending on the ending of the verb. Examples go – goes enjoy – enjoys rise – rises study – studies Formative Practice 18 Fill in the blanks with the present tense form of the verbs given in brackets. 1 The cat (catch) the rat. 2 I (play) badminton every day. 3 He (carry) the box outside. 4 The rabbit (live) in a burrow. 5 My mother (worry) too much. 6 The children (eat) chocolates. 7 Oh dear! She (miss) the bus. 8 Maria (feed) her cat in the evening. 9 We (wake) up early in the morning. 10 They (jog) in the park on Sundays. 11 She (lose) the first game but (win) the second. 12 The sun (rise) in the East and (set) in the West. 13 Mr Chong (fix) the washing machine in a short time. 14 My grandfather (watch) the news on TV every evening. 15 Bees (buzz) and frogs (croak). Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 34 6/12/2024 3:03:09 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 34 6/12/2024 4:31:36 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
35 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar Subject-Verb Agreement In English, the verb must agree with its subject. What is the Subject? It is the person, place or thing the sentence is all about. What is the Verb? Verbs are action words. e.g. run, cycle Basic rule: The subject and verb must agree in a sentence. Rule Spelling Rule Examples 1 Singular subject takes a verb + ‘s’. He/She/It → verb + ‘s’ • He walks to school. • She plays badminton. • It runs after the ball. 2 For a plural subject, do not add ‘s’. We/They → do not add ‘s’ • We play hockey. • They sing well. 3 For ‘I’ or ‘You’, do not add ‘s’. I/You → do not add ‘s’ • I walk to school. • You win the game. 4 Uncountable nouns and collective nouns take on a singular verb → verb + ‘s’. Uncountable nouns → verb + ‘s’ Collective nouns → verb + ‘s’ • There is a lot of rubbish by the roadside. • A string of lights hangs in front of our house. Grammar Info For the past tense, the ‘s’ rule does not apply. e.g. He walked to school. (He = singular) They walked to school. (They = plural) Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 35 6/12/2024 3:03:14 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 35 6/12/2024 4:31:36 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
36 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar Formative Practice 19 Underline the correct verbs. 1 The dog and cat (fight, fights) every day. 2 We (study, studies) in the library. 3 My cousins (live, lives) in Kelantan. 4 I (eat, eats) lunch at my grandma’s house. 5 The ice cream (taste, tastes) delicious. 6 One kilogramme of bananas (cost, costs) RM7.00. 7 Many children (is, are) crying for their mothers. 8 The water in the drain (is, are) not flowing well. 9 My friends and I (hike, hikes) up Bukit Gasing. 10 Several of my friends (want, wants) to become pilots. 11 A herd of elephants (roam, roams) the jungle at night. 12 The swarm of bees (buzz, buzzes) around their hive every evening. The Present Continuous Tense The present continuous tense is used to: Usage Examples Show an action that is being done now. • Mother is cooking dinner. • The boys are studying. The present continuous tense is formed as follow: Rule Spelling Rule Examples 1 is + verb + ing • For singular nouns • For he/she/it • He is sleeping. • The cat is here. It is eating. 2 are + verb + ing • For plural nouns • The boys are playing. • The birds are chirping. 3 am + verb + ing • For I • I am watching TV. Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 36 6/12/2024 3:03:16 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 36 6/12/2024 4:31:37 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
37 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar Formative Practice 20 Write the correct form of the present continuous (verb + ing) of the verb in brackets. 1 The students (run) round the field. 2 The teacher (make) sure they run two rounds. 3 She (stand) there with a whistle. 4 It (get) hot now. 5 The lesson is over. The students (go) back to their classroom. 6 My friends and I (talk) softly. 7 We (think) of going to the cinema. 8 In class, the monitor (take) the attendance. 9 Some boys (miss). 10 “They (get) a drink in the canteen,” said Ben. The Past Simple Tense The past simple tense is used to show an action in the past. Example • She walked to school yesterday. The past simple tense is formed by: Rule Spelling Rule Form Examples 1 Adding -d or -ed to regular verbs. dance – danced walk – walked • She danced well. • They walked for miles. 2 Changing the word for irregular verbs. sleep – slept sing – sang • He slept like a log. • She sang well. 3 Using signal words. These tell the action was done in the past. Yesterday Last week In the year 2000 • Last week, our school won the football finals. • Our school was built in 2000. Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 37 6/12/2024 3:03:16 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 37 6/12/2024 4:31:37 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
38 Unit 2 Grammar Grammar Here are some spelling rules for regular verbs: Rule Spelling Rule Examples 1 End in e → add -d bake – baked hope – hoped hike – hiked joke – joked 2 End in consonant + y → delete y, add -ied cry – cried try – tried fry – fried worry – worried 3 End in vowel + y → add -ed obey – obeyed stay – stayed For irregular past tense verbs, the word has to be changed. Here are some examples of irregular verbs. Present Tense Past Tense Present Tense Past Tense begin began grow grew bite bit hit hit buy bought ring rang come came ride rode drink drank sing sang eat ate write wrote Formative Practice 21 Underline the correct past tense verb to complete the sentences. 1 Last week, Sally (receives / received) a letter. 2 Yesterday, my parents (allowed / allow) me to go ice skating. 3 We (give / gave) the poor man some money. We (am telling / told) him to buy some food. 4 Jane was hungry. She (drink / drank) a lot of water and (eat / ate) biscuits. 5 Wendy (write / wrote) a letter to her elder sister in college. 6 My aunt (felt / feels) proud as my cousin (went / go) up the stage to receive her prize. 7 It (rain / rained) cats and dogs. So, we could not go out and play. 8 The area was (floods / flooded) because of the heavy rain. Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_U2(pg15-41)_vim3p.indd 38 6/12/2024 3:03:16 PM Grammar 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 38 6/12/2024 4:31:37 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
105 Answers Answers Unit 1: Vocabulary Formative Practice 1 1 restaurant 2 railway station 3 police station 4 cinema 5 supermarket 6 post office 7 hospital 8 jungle Formative Practice 2 1 police officer 2 pilot 3 chef 4 waiter 5 teacher 6 butcher 7 baker 8 farmer 9 barber 10 firefighter 11 student 12 postman Formative Practice 3 1 bicycles 2 foot 3 boat 4 ships 5 trishaw 6 helicopter Formative Practice 4 1 axe 2 rake 3 fork 4 fertiliser 5 hose 6 lawnmower Formative Practice 5 1 nails 2 screwdriver 3 axe 4 hammer 5 drill 6 pliers Formative Practice 6 A 1 speak 2 over 3 sick 4 bag 5 lady 6 easy 7 nice 8 look 9 weep 10 street B 1 shut 2 last 3 pretty 4 mad 5 fix 6 hard Formative Practice 7 A 1 found 2 thin 3 fast 4 dry 5 far 6 sad 7 scared 8 down 9 take 10 full B 1 light 2 early 3 bright 4 back 5 over 6 near 7 cry 8 alive Formative Practice 8 1 blew 2 one 3 son 4 sale 5 see 6 won 7 rode 8 bee Formative Practice 9 1 h 2 e 3 f 4 b 5 c 6 g 7 a 8 d Formative Practice 10 1 bat 2 feather 3 bee 4 giraffe 5 bull 6 fish 7 cats and dogs 8 logs Formative Practice 11 1 easy as ABC 2 golden voice 3 copycat 4 cats and dogs 5 beat about the bush 6 apple of his eye 7 cold feet 8 learn by heart Formative Practice 12 1 practice makes perfect 2 First come, first served 3 friend in need is a friend indeed 4 better late than never 5 honesty is the best policy Formative Practice 13 1 B 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 B Formative Practice 14 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 B Unit 2: Grammar Formative Practice 1 1 C 2 P 3 C 4 C 5 P Formative Practice 2 1 C 2 U 3 U 4 C 5 U 6 U 7 U 8 C 9 U 10 C Formative Practice 3 1 some, any 2 any, some 3 How many 4 How much 5 any 6 any 7 How much 8 how many 9 some 10 any Formative Practice 4 1 a 2 0 3 a 4 an 5 The 6 0 7 an 8 the, the 9 an 10 a Formative Practice 5 1 We 2 They 3 It 4 She 5 They 6 They 7 You 8 We 9 I 10 They Formative Practice 6 1 What 2 Whose 3 Who 4 What 5 Which 6 Whose 7 Which 8 What Formative Practice 7 1 Who 2 Where 3 Which 4 What 5 Who 6 When 7 Why 8 Which 9 Whose 10 Why Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_Answers(pg105-110)_vim3p.indd 105 6/12/2024 2:53:25 PM 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 105 6/12/2024 4:31:43 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
106 Answers Formative Practice 8 2 hers 3 mine 4 his 5 theirs 6 mine 7 ours 8 Theirs Formative Practice 9 1 someone 2 anything 3 something 4 Anyone 5 everything 6 No one 7 Everyone 8 nothing 9 nothing 10 anyone Formative Practice 10 1 noisy 2 old 3 hardworking 4 difficult 5 expensive 6 interesting 7 cunning 8 naughty Formative Practice 11 1 His 2 her 3 your 4 my 5 its 6 Their 7 Our 8 our Formative Practice 12 1 yours 2 ours 3 theirs 4 His 5 my 6 Their 7 Its 8 Our Formative Practice 13 1 A 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 A 7 B 8 A 9 A 10 B Formative Practice 14 1 worse 2 better 3 better 4 the farthest 5 better 6 good 7 bad 8 the least 9 the safest 10 the most important Formative Practice 15 1 never 2 always 3 usually 4 sometimes 5 once a week 6 never 7 three times 8 always 9 sometimes 10 usually Formative Practice 16 1 at 2 on 3 in 4 in 5 from 6 to 7 into 8 over 9 at 10 on 11 on 12 in 13 by 14 on 15 in Formative Practice 17 1 and 2 but 3 or 4 or 5 or, but 6 and 7 and 8 but 9 and 10 but Formative Practice 18 1 catches 2 play 3 carries 4 lives 5 worries 6 eat 7 misses 8 feeds 9 wake 10 jog 11 loses, wins 12 rises, sets 13 fixes 14 watches 15 buzz, croak Formative Practice 19 1 fight 2 study 3 live 4 eat 5 tastes 6 costs 7 are 8 is 9 hike 10 want 11 roams 12 buzzes Formative Practice 20 1 are running 2 is making 3 is standing 4 is getting 5 are going 6 are talking 7 are thinking 8 is taking 9 are missing 10 are getting Formative Practice 21 1 received 2 allowed 3 gave, told 4 drank, ate 5 wrote 6 felt, went 7 rained 8 flooded Formative Practice 22 1 bit 2 broke 3 bought 4 came 5 cut 6 drank 7 got 8 went 9 heard 10 saw 11 rode 12 took Formative Practice 23 1 going to celebrate 2 going to cook 3 going to make 4 is going to buy 5 are going to bring 6 is going to sing 7 are going to perform 8 are all going to have Formative Practice 24 1 What is your name? 2 My name is Charlie. 3 I love watching cartoons. 4 What do you like to watch? 5 I prefer playing computer games. 6 Do you read? 7 Yes, I do. I love reading adventure stories. 8 In the mornings, I hear birds chirping. 9 We see birds roosting in the trees. 10 I like to eat rambutans, durians, mangosteens and mangoes. 11 Why are you late? 12 My bike’s tyre is punctured. 13 Do you like spinach? 14 No, I don’t. I like carrots. Unit 3: Reading Formative Practice 1 A Activities Susan Wendy 1 Get up early ✓ ✓ 2 Go to school by school bus ✓ ✓ 3 Do homework in the afternoon ✓ 4 Watch television in the afternoon ✓ 5 Watch television at night ✓ 6 Go walking ✓ 7 Go cycling ✓ 8 Do homework at night ✓ 9 Read before bed ✓ ✓ B (Accept any suitable answers) 1 by bus / by car / on foot 2 At 6:30 a.m. 3 In the afternoon 4 At night Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_Answers(pg105-110)_vim3p.indd 106 6/12/2024 2:53:26 PM Answers 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 106 6/12/2024 4:31:43 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD
107 Answers 5 Football and badminton 6 At 10:00 p.m. Formative Practice 2 A 1 wash the car 2 cleans the drain 3 watches television 4 plays computer games with a friend 5 plays football 6 packs his schoolbag 7 reads a book B (Accept any suitable answers) 1 (a) sweep the floor. (b) make my bed. 2 play computer games with my brother. 3 play badminton with my friend. 4 I go out for dinner with my family. Formative Practice 3 A 1 Bad 2 Bad 3 Bad 4 Good 5 Bad 6 Bad 7 Bad 8 Good 9 Bad 10 Good B (Accept any suitable answers) Formative Practice 4 A 1 Teacher 2 SK Delima 3 History, Physical Education 4 7:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. 5 football teams; Games Club 6 Marks pupils’ work; Records pupils’ progress B 1 trainer 2 a lot of 3 responsibilities 4 gets ready 5 grades 6 improvement C 1 district – school 2 Maths – History 3 few – many 4 late – early 5 7.00 p.m. – 7.00 a.m. Formative Practice 5 A 1 Two hours 2 Seven days B 1 dengue fever 2 one day 3 (a) Three (3) (b) Three (3) 4 Dr Subra 5 MOI Plaza, Kuala Lumpur 6 Health Mana Sdn Bhd 7 Dr Wendy C 1 admission is free 2 limited space D (Accept any suitable answer) The seminar is important because we will know more about dengue fever, its symptoms and the different ways to prevent it. Formative Practice 6 A 1 T 2 F 3 F 4 T 5 T B 1 toxic fumes 2 pesticides 3 oil spills C 1 breathe 2 healthy, plants 3 Fish, feathers D 1 e 2 d 3 f 4 a 5 c 6 b E 1 Azlan 2 Yes 3 David 4 (Accept any suitable answers) (a) throw rubbish everywhere. (b) We should not waste water. (c) We should not waste electricity. Formative Practice 7 1 water, on land 2 (a) water (b) lakes, ponds 3 (a) skin (b) wet (c) lungs 4 (a) catch something to eat (b) get away from bigger animals 5 help frogs to swim very fast Summative Assessment 1 Part 1: Short Texts Practice 1 1 B 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 B Revisi Pintar Eng Y4_Answers(pg105-110)_vim3p.indd 107 6/12/2024 2:53:26 PM Answers 1-110_english_T4_MASTER 213X148.indd 107 6/12/2024 4:31:43 PM PENERBIT ILMU BAKTI SDN. BHD