The Architecture Development Method Reference Cards

REFERENCE CARDS ® The Architecture
Development Method

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The Architecture
Development
Method

N181 Reference Cards: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 ADM Copyright © 2018 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.
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Introduction to the TOGAF Standard

The TOGAF standard is a framework for Enterprise Architecture. Put simply, it is a
standard approach for assisting in the acceptance, production, use, and maintenance
of Enterprise Architectures. It is based on an iterative process model supported by best
practices and a re-usable set of existing architectural assets.

The TOGAF standard is developed and maintained by members of The Open Group,
working within the Architecture Forum. The original development of the TOGAF standard
in 1995, was based on the US Department of Defense Technical Architecture Framework
for Information Management (TAFIM). Starting from this sound foundation, The Open
Group Architecture Forum has developed successive versions of the TOGAF standard at
regular intervals and published each one on The Open Group public website.

The TOGAF standard can be used for developing a broad range of different Enterprise
Architectures. It complements, and can be used in conjunction with, other frameworks
that are more focused on specific deliverables for particular vertical sectors such as
Government, Telecommunications, Manufacturing, Defense, and Finance. A key part of the
TOGAF standard is the method – the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) –
for developing an Enterprise Architecture that addresses business needs.

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The TOGAF Standard

The TOGAF standard is divided into six parts, as summarized in Table 1.

Table 1: Structure of the TOGAF Standard

Part I: Introduction This part provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts of Enterprise Architecture
and, in particular, to the TOGAF approach. It contains the definitions of terms used
Part II: Architecture throughout the standard.
Development Method
This part is the core of the TOGAF framework. It describes the TOGAF Architecture
Part III: ADM Guidelines Development Method (ADM) – a step-by-step approach to developing an Enterprise
and Techniques Architecture.

Part IV: Architecture This part contains a collection of guidelines and techniques available for use in applying
Content Framework the TOGAF approach and the TOGAF ADM. Additional guidelines and techniques are
also in the TOGAF Library.
Part V: Enterprise
Continuum and Tools This part describes the TOGAF content framework, including a structured metamodel for
Part VI: Architecture architectural artifacts, the use of re-usable Architecture Building Blocks (ABBs), and an
Capability Framework overview of typical architecture deliverables.

This part discusses appropriate taxonomies and tools to categorize and store the outputs
of architecture activity within an enterprise.

This part discusses the organization, processes, skills, roles, and responsibilities required
to establish and operate an architecture practice within an enterprise.

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The TOGAF Library

The TOGAF Library is a reference library containing guidelines, templates, patterns, and other
forms of reference material to accelerate the creation of new architectures for the enterprise.

It is structured as follows:

Section 1: Base Documents Broadly applicable information relating to the subject of the
TOGAF framework or Enterprise Architecture.
Section 2: Generic Guidance
and Techniques Information describing architecture styles and how the TOGAF
framework and Enterprise Architecture can be adapted to exploit
Section 3: Industry-Specific the characteristics of a more specific context.
Guidance and Techniques
Information describing how the TOGAF framework and Enterprise
Section 4: Organization- Architecture can be applied to meet the specific needs of a
Specific Guidance and vertical industry segment.
Techniques
Information describing how the TOGAF framework and Enterprise
Architecture have been applied to meet the needs of specific
enterprises.

The TOGAF Library: www.opengroup.org/togaf-library

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P®
Preliminary Phase

Preliminary Phase Steps Inputs Outputs
Objectives

Determine the Architecture Capability Scope the enterprise organizations The TOGAF Library Organizational Model for Enterprise
desired by the organization: impacted Architecture
Other architecture framework(s)
• Review the organizational context for Confirm governance and support Tailored Architecture Framework,
conducting Enterprise Architecture frameworks Board strategies, business plans, including Architecture Principles
business strategy, IT Strategy, business
• Identify and scope the elements of Define and establish Enterprise principles, business goals, and business Initial Architecture Repository
the enterprise organizations affected Architecture team and organization drivers
by the Architecture Capability Restatement of, or reference to,
Identify and establish Architecture Major frameworks operating in the business principles, business goals, and
• Identify the established frameworks, Principles business business drivers
methods, and processes that intersect
with the Architecture Capability Tailor the TOGAF framework and, if any, Governance and legal frameworks Request for Architecture Work
other selected architecture frameworks
• Establish Capability Maturity target Architecture Capability Architecture Governance Framework
Develop strategy and implementation
Establish the Architecture Capability: plans for tools and techniques Partnership and contract agreements

• Define and establish the Existing organizational model for
Organizational Model for Enterprise Enterprise Architecture
Architecture
Existing architecture framework, if any,
• Define and establish the detailed including:
process and resources for
Architecture Governance • Architecture method
• Architecture content
• Select and implement tools that • Configured and deployed tools
support the Architecture Capability • Architecture Principles
• Architecture Repository
• Define the Architecture Principles

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R®
Requirements Management

Requirements Management

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Ensure that the Requirements Identify/document requirements The inputs to the Requirements Changed requirements
Management process is sustained and Baseline requirements Management process are the
operates for all relevant ADM phases requirements-related outputs from each Requirements Impact Assessment,
Monitor baseline requirements ADM phase which identifies the phases of the ADM
Manage architecture requirements that need to be revisited to address any
identified during any execution of the Identify changed requirements; remove, The first high-level requirements are changes
ADM cycle or a phase add, modify, and re-assess priorities produced as part of the Architecture
Vision The final version must include the full
Ensure that relevant architecture Identify changed requirements and implications of the requirements (e.g.,
requirements are available for use by record priorities; identify and resolve Each architecture domain then costs, timescales, and business metrics)
each phase as the phase is executed conflicts; generate requirements impact generates detailed requirements
statements
Deliverables in later ADM phases
Assess impact of changed requirements contain mappings to new types of
on current and previous ADM phases requirements (for example, conformance
requirements)
Implement requirements arising from
Phase H

Update the Architecture Requirements
Repository

Implement change in the current phase

Assess and revise gap analysis for past
phases

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A®
Architecture Vision

Architecture Vision

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Develop a high-level aspirational Establish the architecture project Request for Architecture Work Approved Statement of Architecture Work
vision of the capabilities and
business value to be delivered as Identify stakeholders, concerns, and Business principles, business goals, Refined statements of business principles,
a result of the proposed Enterprise business requirements and business drivers business goals, and business drivers
Architecture
Confirm and elaborate business Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Principles Capability Assessment
Obtain approval for a Statement of goals, business drivers, and Architecture
Architecture Work that defines a constraints Tailored Architecture Framework Architecture
program of works to develop and Tailored Architecture Framework, Vision, including:
deploy the architecture outlined in Evaluate capabilities including tailored architecture method,
the Architecture Vision architecture content, architecture • Refined key high-level stakeholder
Assess readiness for business principles, configured and deployed requirements
transformation tools
Draft Architecture Definition Document, including
Define scope Populated Architecture Repository; that (when in scope):
is, existing architecture documentation
Confirm and elaborate architecture (framework description, architecture • Baseline Business Architecture (high-level)
principles, including business descriptions, existing baseline • Baseline Data Architecture (high-level)
principles descriptions, etc.) • Baseline Application Architecture (high-level)
• Baseline Technology Architecture (high-level)
Develop Architecture Vision • Target Business Architecture (high-level)
• Target Data Architecture (high-level)
Define the Target Architecture value • Target Application Architecture (high-level)
propositions and KPIs • Target Technology Architecture (high-level)
• Communications Plan
Identify business transformation risks • Additional content populating the Architecture
and mitigation activities
Repository
Develop Statement of Architecture
Work; secure approval

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B®
Business Architecture

Phase B: Business Architecture

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Develop the Target Business Select reference models, Request for Architecture Work Statement of Architecture Work,
Architecture that describes how the viewpoints, and tools updated if necessary
enterprise needs to operate to achieve Business principles, business goals, and business
the business goals, and respond to Develop Baseline Business drivers Validated business principles, business
the strategic drivers set out in the Architecture Description goals, and business drivers
Architecture Vision in a way that Capability Assessment
addresses the Statement of Architecture Develop Target Business Refined and updated Architecture
Work and stakeholder concerns Architecture Description Communications Plan Principles, if applicable

Identify candidate Architecture Roadmap Perform gap analysis Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Draft Architecture Definition Document
components based upon gaps between containing content updates:
the Baseline and Target Business Define candidate roadmap Tailored Architecture Framework • Baseline Business Architecture
Architectures components
Approved Statement of Architecture Work (detailed), if appropriate
Resolve impacts across the • Target Business Architecture
Architecture Landscape Architecture Principles, including business
principles, when pre-existing (detailed with Business Capabilities,
Conduct formal stakeholder Value Streams, and Organization
review Enterprise Continuum Architecture Repository Map as core artifacts)
Architecture Vision, including: • Views corresponding to selected
Finalize the Business viewpoints addressing key
Architecture • Refined key high-level stakeholder stakeholder concerns
requirements Draft Architecture Definition
Create Architecture Definition Document, including: Draft Architecture Requirements
Document Specification including content
• Baseline Business Architecture (high-level) updates:
• Baseline Data Architecture (high-level) • Gap analysis results
• Baseline Application Architecture (high-level) • Technical requirements
• Baseline Technology Architecture (high-level) • Updated business requirements
• Target Business Architecture (high-level) • Business Architecture components
• Target Data Architecture (high-level)
• Target Application Architecture (high-level) of an Architecture Roadmap
• Target Technology Architecture (high-level)

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C®
Data Architecture

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures – Data Architecture

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Develop the Target Data Select reference models, Request for Architecture Work Statement of Architecture Work, updated if
Architecture that enables the viewpoints, and tools necessary
Business Architecture and the Capability Assessment Validated data principles, or new data
Architecture Vision, in a way Develop Baseline Data principles
that addresses the Statement Architecture Description Communications Plan Draft Architecture Definition Document
of Architecture Work and containing content updates:
stakeholder concerns Develop Target Data Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Tailored • Baseline Data Architecture
Architecture Description Architecture Framework • Target Data Architecture
Identify candidate Architecture • DataArchitectureviews corresponding to
Roadmap components based Perform gap analysis Data principles
upon gaps between the the selected viewpoints, addressing key
Baseline and Target Data Define candidate roadmap Statement of Architecture Work stakeholder concerns
Architectures components
Architecture Vision Draft Architecture Requirements
Resolve impacts across the Specification including content updates:
Architecture Landscape Architecture Repository • Gap analysis results
• Data interoperability requirements
Conduct formal stakeholder Draft Architecture Definition Document containing: • Relevant technical requirements that will
review • Baseline Business Architecture (detailed)
• Target Business Architecture (detailed) apply to this evolution of the architecture
Finalize the Data Architecture • Baseline Data Architecture (high-level) development cycle
• Target Data Architecture (high-level) • Constraints on the Technology
Create Architecture Definition • Baseline Application Architecture (detailed or high- Architecture
Document • Updated business requirements
level) • Updated application requirements
• Target Application Architecture (detailed or high-level)
• Baseline Technology Architecture (high-level) Data Architecture components of an
• Target Technology Architecture (high-level) Architecture Roadmap

Draft Architecture Requirements Specification
• including:
• Gapanalysisresults
• Relevanttechnicalrequirements
• Business Architecture components of an Architecture

Roadmap

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C®
Application Architecture

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures – Application Architecture

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Develop the Target Select reference models, Request for Architecture Work Statement of Architecture Work, updated if
Application Architecture viewpoints, and tools necessary
that enables the Business Capability Assessment
Architecture and the Develop Baseline Application Validated application principles, or new
Architecture Vision, in a way Architecture Description Communications Plan application principles
that addresses the Statement
of Architecture Work and Develop Target Application Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Draft Architecture Definition Document
stakeholder concerns Architecture Description containing content updates:
Tailored Architecture Framework • Baseline Application Architecture
Identify candidate Architecture Perform gap analysis • Target Application Architecture
Roadmap components Application Principles • Application Architecture views
based upon gaps between Define candidate roadmap
the Baseline and Target components Statement of Architecture Work corresponding to the selected
Application Architectures viewpoints, addressing key stakeholder
Resolve impacts across the Architecture Vision concerns
Architecture Landscape
Architecture Repository Draft Architecture Requirements
Conduct formal stakeholder Specification including content updates:
review Draft Architecture Definition Document containing: • Gap analysis results
• Baseline Business Architecture (detailed) • Application interoperability requirements
Finalize the Application • Target Business Architecture (detailed) • Relevant technical requirements that will
Architecture • Baseline Data Architecture (detailed or high-level)
• Target Data Architecture (detailed or high-level) apply to this evolution of the architecture
Create Architecture Definition • Baseline Application Architecture (high-level) development cycle
Document • Target Application Architecture (high-level) • Constraints on the Technology
• Baseline Technology Architecture (high-level) Architecture
• Target Technology Architecture (high-level) • Updated business requirements
• Updated data requirements
Draft Architecture Requirements Specification including:
• Gap analysis results Application Architecture components of an
• Relevant technical requirements Architecture Roadmap
• Business and Data Architecture components of an

Architecture Roadmap

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D®
Technology Architecture

Phase D: Technology Architecture

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Develop the Target Select reference models, Request for Architecture Work Statement of Architecture Work, updated if
Technology Architecture that viewpoints, and tools necessary
enables the Architecture Capability Assessment
Vision, target business, data, Develop Baseline Technology Validated technology principles or new
and application building Architecture Description Communications Plan technology principles (if generated here)
blocks to be delivered through
technology components and Develop Target Technology Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Draft Architecture Definition Document
technology services, in a way Architecture Description containing content updates:
that addresses the Statement Tailored Architecture Framework • Baseline Technology Architecture, if
of Architecture Work and Perform gap analysis
stakeholder concerns Technology principles appropriate
Define candidate roadmap • Target Technology Architecture
Identify candidate Architecture components Statement of Architecture Work • Technology Architecture views

Roadmap components Resolve impacts across the Architecture Vision corresponding to the selected
based upon gaps between Architecture Landscape viewpoints, addressing key stakeholder
the Baseline and Target Architecture Repository concerns
Technology Architectures Conduct formal stakeholder
review Draft Architecture Definition Document containing: Draft Architecture Requirements
• Baseline Business Architecture (detailed) Specification including content updates:
Finalize the Technology • Target Business Architecture (detailed) • Gap analysis results
Architecture • Baseline Data Architecture (detailed) • Requirements output from Phases B
• Target Data Architecture (detailed)
Create Architecture Definition • Baseline Application Architecture (detailed) and C
Document • Target Application Architecture (detailed) • Updated technology requirements
• Baseline Technology Architecture (high-level)
• Target Technology Architecture (high-level) Technology Architecture components of an
Architecture Roadmap
Draft Architecture Requirements Specification including:
• Gap analysis results
• Relevant technical requirements
• Business, Data, and Application Architecture

components of an Architecture Roadmap

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E®
Opportunities & Solutions

Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Generate the initial complete Determine/confirm key corporate Product information Statement of Architecture Work, updated if
version of the Architecture change attributes necessary
Roadmap, based upon the Request for Architecture Work
gap analysis and candidate Determine business constraints for Architecture Vision, updated if necessary
Architecture Roadmap implementation Capability Assessment
components from Phases B, Draft Architecture Definition Document, including:
C, and D Review and consolidate gap analysis Communications Plan • Transition Architectures, number and scope, if
results from Phases B to D
Determine whether an Planning methodologies any
incremental approach is Review consolidated requirements
required, and if so identify across related business functions Organizational model for Enterprise Draft Architecture Requirements Specification,
Transition Architectures Architecture updated if necessary
that will deliver continuous Consolidate and reconcile
business value interoperability requirements Governance models and frameworks Capability Assessment, including:
• Business Capability
Define the overall Solution Refine and validate dependencies Tailored Architecture Framework • IT Capability
Building Blocks (SBBs) to
finalize the Target Architecture Confirm readiness and risk for Statement of Architecture Work Architecture Roadmap, including:
based on the Architecture business transformation • Work Package portfolio
Building Blocks (ABBs) Architecture Vision • Identification of Transition Architectures, if any
Formulate Implementation and • Implementation recommendations
Migration Strategy Architecture Repository
Implementation and Migration Plan (outline),
Identify and group major work Draft Architecture Definition Document including:
packages • Implementation and Migration Strategy
Draft Architecture Requirements
Identify Transition Architectures Specification

Create Architecture Roadmap & Change Requests for existing programs
Implementation and Migration Plan and projects

Candidate Architecture Roadmap
components from Phases B, C, and D

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F®
Migration Planning

Phase F: Migration Planning

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Finalize the Architecture Confirm management framework Request for Architecture Work Implementation and Migration Plan (detailed),
Roadmap and the supporting interactions for Implementation and including:
Implementation and Migration Migration Plan Communications Plan • Implementation and Migration Strategy
Plan • Project and portfolio breakdown of the
Assign a business value to each work Organizational Model for Enterprise
Ensure that the package Architecture implementation
Implementation and Migration • Project charters (optional)
Plan is coordinated with the Estimate resource requirements, Governance models and frameworks Finalized Architecture Definition Document,
enterprise’s approach to project timings, and availability/ including:
managing and implementing delivery vehicle Tailored Architecture Framework • Finalized Transition Architectures, if any
change in the enterprise’s Finalized Architecture Requirements Specification
overall change portfolio Prioritize the migration projects Statement of Architecture Work Finalized Architecture Roadmap
through the conduct of a cost/benefit Re-Usable Architecture Building Blocks
Ensure that the business assessment and risk validation Architecture Vision Requests for Architecture Work for a new
value and cost of work iteration of the ADM cycle (if any)Implementation
packages and Transition Confirm Architecture Roadmap Architecture Repository Governance Model
Architectures is understood and update Architecture Definition Change Requests for the Architecture
by key stakeholders Document Draft Architecture Definition Document, Capability arising from lessons learned
including:
Complete the Implementation and • Transition Architectures, if any Copyright © 2018 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.
Migration Plan TOGAF® is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
Draft Architecture Requirements
Complete the architecture Specification
development cycle and document
lessons learned Change Requests for existing programs
and projects

Architecture Roadmap

Capability Assessment, including:
• Business Capability
• IT Capability

Implementation and Migration Plan
(outline), including:
• High-level Implementation and

Migration Strategy

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G®
Implementation Governance

Phase G: Implementation Governance

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Ensure conformance with Confirm scope and priorities for Request for Architecture Work Architecture Contract (signed)
the Target Architecture by deployment with development Capability Assessment
implementation projects management Organizational Model for Enterprise Compliance Assessments
Architecture
Perform appropriate Identify deployment resources and Tailored Architecture Framework Change Requests
Architecture Governance skills Statement of Architecture Work
functions for the solution Architecture Vision Architecture-compliant solutions deployed,
and any implementation- Guide development of solutions Architecture Repository including:
driven architecture Change deployment Architecture Definition Document • The architecture-compliant implemented system
Requests Architecture Requirements Specification • Populated Architecture Repository
Perform enterprise architecture Architecture Roadmap • Architecture compliance recommendations and
compliance reviews Implementation Governance Model
Architecture Contract dispensations
Implement business and IT operations Request for Architecture Work identified in • Recommendations on service delivery
Phases E and F
Perform post-implementation review Implementation and Migration Plan requirements
and close the implementation • Recommendations on performance metrics
• Service Level Agreements (SLAs)
• Architecture Vision, updated post-

implementation
• Architecture Definition Document, updated post-

implementation
• Business and IT operating models for the

implemented solution

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H® Architecture Change
Management

Phase H: Architecture Change Management

Objectives Steps Inputs Outputs

Ensure that the architecture Establish value realization process Request for Architecture Work Architecture updates
lifecycle is maintained Capability Assessment
Deploy monitoring tools Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture Changes to architecture framework and
Ensure that the Architecture Tailored Architecture Framework principles
Governance Framework is Manage risks Statement of Architecture Work
executed Architecture Vision New Request for Architecture Work, to
Provide analysis for architecture Architecture Repository initiate another cycle of the ADM
Ensure that the Enterprise change management Architecture Definition Document
Architecture Capability meets Architecture Requirements Specification Statement of Architecture Work, updated
current requirements Develop change requirements to meet Architecture Roadmap if necessary
performance targets Implementation Governance Model
Architecture Contract Architecture Contract, updated if
Manage governance process Request for Architecture Work identified in Phases necessary
E and F
Activate the process to implement Implementation and Migration Plan Compliance Assessments, updated if
change necessary

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About The Open Group

Leading the development of open, vendor-neutral technology standards and certifications

The Open Group is a global consortium that enables the achievement of business objectives through
technology standards. The Open Group works with customers, suppliers, consortia, and other standards
bodies. Its role is to capture, understand, and address current and emerging requirements, establish
policies, and share best practices; to facilitate interoperability, develop consensus, and evolve and integrate
specifications and open source technologies; and to operate the industry’s premier certification service.

Keys facts include:

• Over 585 member organizations, with 43,000+ participants in The Open Group activities from 126
countries - our Platinum Members are DXC Technology, Fujitsu, HCL, Huawei, IBM, Micro Focus, Oracle,
and Philips

• Services provided include strategy, management, innovation and research, standards, certification, and
test development

• Vision of Boundaryless Information Flow™, with Enterprise Architecture as a critical element for making
the vision a reality; the TOGAF® Architecture Development Method (ADM) provides an important toolset

Further information on The Open Group can be found at www.opengroup.org.

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