Buku Program Madani dan Abstrak

40

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND THERMAL STABILIZATION
OF DIPHENYLTIN(IV) COMPLEXES FEATURING 1-
METHYLPIPERAZINEDITHIOCARBAMATE AND N-

METHYLCYCLOHEXYLDITHIOCARBAMATE AS LIGANDS

NORLIAWATI MOHD SIDEK*1
AMRAN AHMAD2

1Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

2Department of Chemistry Malaysia, 46661 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Organotin dithiocarbamate compounds are well known to have various structures and wide range of
applications. In this study, a new series of two diphenyltin(IV) complexes with 1-
methylpiperazinedithiocarbamate and N-methylcyclohexyldithiocarbamate (namely complex 1 and 2,
respectively) were successfully synthesized by using in-situ insertion method. These compounds were
then characterized by determination of melting points, CHNS microelemental analyses, spectroscopy
of infrared (FT-IR) and spectroscopy of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis). The melting points of the yields were
in a small range of 138.5 °C to 144.4 °C, thus showing the purity of the synthesized compounds. The
CHNS microelemental data of both complexes also agree with the predicted chemical formula,
(C6H5)2Sn[C5H11N2CS2]2 and (C6H5)2Sn[C7H14NCS2]2 respectively. These results were supported by FT-IR
spectra which showed all three important absorption peaks, ν(C=N+) at 1476-1517 cm ,-1 ν(C-S) at 971-
1031 cm-1 and ν(Sn-S) at 445-452 cm-1 as predicted, thus confirming the formation of the targeted
compounds. Furthermore, the UV-vis spectra analysis showed chromophore peaks of N=C within range
of λmaks 254-261 nm and transferred charges between the ligand and tin metal (L-M) within λmaks 288-294
nm. Both peaks showed the transition of π → π*. The thermal stabilization properties of both
synthesized complexes were also tested by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). From the TGA
results, complex 1 showed four degradation curves, while complex 2 showed only two degradation
curves. The presence of twice number of degradation curves in complex 1 proves that it is thermally
more stable than complex 2.

Keywords: Diphenyltin, dithiocarbamate, synthesis

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

41

THE COVID-19 AND BUSINESS ONLINE ACTIVITIES OF

MPU 3223: A PRELIMINARY FINDINGS

NORLIDAWAHI WAHAB*
AKBAR ALI ABDUL KADIR
ZAHARUL NIZAL ZABIDI

Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Covid-19 has tremendously changed people behaviour, including the business activities. We realised
that Covid-19 has given a positive impact on progressing the online business activities recently all
around the world. Prior to the pandemic Covid-19, students taking their MPU 3223 must run a group
project of business operations to the UMT communities and the nearby communities around the
campus. Our MPU 3223 team tried a few methods on how the students project groups should have
been conducted. We used to set up stall at hostels, run their own business projects to the university’s
communities for a couple of semesters since 2017. Once Covid-19 hits the world beginning year 2020,
and specifically during the semester begin (Semester 2 2019/2020), our PPAL MPU 3223 team was
about to start to introduce the online business to our students. The sudden threats of the Covid-19
followed by National Movement Control Order (MCO) of the very first time ever in history had taken
place in the nation. Despite the MCO, we eventually did not stop our intention to promote and run their
very first-time online business activity as their group project activities. Thus, this paper aims to give a
preliminary findings and progress of the students taking MPU 3223 course at UMT reports their online
businesses activities. The project carried a 40% of their total score for the course. Starting the Semester
2 2019/2020, we started to have a collaboration with Malaysian Digital Economic Corporation (MDEC).
Our students must report their sales their group’s businesses activities conducted over the MDEC Go
e-commerce platform. The trend for the first three semesters running the course during the pandemic,
with MDEC portal, has showed a significant increase in the number of sales conducted by the students
under the MPU 3223 course. The results suggest that the business online activities have now become
more and more and well accepted by the communities. Students are more ready to have run an online
business using a variety platform of social media they are familiar with. We believe there will be more
and more opportunities are now ready to set up a digital entrepreneur to be, to have their start-up on,
and ready to face the challenge in the digital economy era in the near future.

Keywords: Online business, Malaysian Digital Economic Corporation, entrepreneurs, digital economy

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

42

ANALYSIS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE IN COLREG FOR
NAUTICAL SCIENCE AT UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU

MUMTAZAH RAIDAH SHAMSURI
MOHAMMED ISMAIL RUSSTAM SUHRAB*

Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia

Abstract

The 1972 International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, known as COLREGs, have been
implemented for over 49 years, and there have been several amendments to COLREGs rules since
then. The vessel's navigation is exposed to many hazards and accidents that can occur and may have
far-reaching consequences on people, society, property, and the marine environment. By analyzing
maritime accidents in the past, vessel collisions were recognized as one of the most frequent types of
accidents. Furthermore, it is known that human error and wrong interpretation of the Rules are the most
frequent reasons for vessel collisions even though COLREG has been used well in Education and
Training for seafarers. Lack of understanding, interpreting, implementing, and remembering the
Collision Regulations will impact interpreting the real situation at sea. Therefore, the purpose of this
study is to identify ways to improve COLREG learning methods. In this paper, the authors analyze the
level of understanding, deficiencies in learning of COLREG and identify the effectiveness of simulator
training in understanding COLREGs by nautical students in UMT. A COLREGs assessment compares
simulator training and the classroom by forming a division of group A and B. Group A learned COLREGs
using the Simulator and group B using the traditional classroom method. A comparison of the
assessment result determined if the issue that affects simulator training is more effective than the
classroom. The result will be the effectiveness of simulator training and deficiencies in learning of
COLREGs identified using the result from the assessment. Simulator training provided insight for
improving COLREG learning.

Keywords: COLREG, understanding, MET, simulator training, nautical science

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

43

KAJIAN PERSEPSI PELAJAR TERHADAP KURSUS ISU DAN
KEPENTINGAN TANAH BENCAH MELALUI AKTIVITI

PEMBELAJARAN BERASASKAN MASALAH DI KALANGAN
PELAJAR UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU

KASAWANI IBRAHIM*
MASDUKI MOHAMMAD MORNI

MOHAMMAD MAHDI ABAS
MOHD YUSRI IBRAHIM

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Umumnya, masih banyak lagi pusat pengajian tinggi awam mengekalkan corak pendidikan secara
konvensional dan kurang memberi ruang untuk penglibatan pelajar secara aktif. Pembelajaran
Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) adalah kaedah pembelajaran secara aktif dan berpusatkan pelajar. Ia
merupakan pembelajaran yang bermula dengan masalah, di mana pelajar akan cuba mencari idea
baharu, penggunaan pelbagai sumber sokongan, maklumat serta pengalaman yang sedia ada bagi
mencari jalan penyelesaian. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan ke atas pelajar kursus Isu dan Kepentingan
Tanah Bencah di Universiti Malaysia Terengganu melalui pendekatan aktiviti PBM bertujuan untuk
menggalakkan penglibatan aktif pelajar secara berkumpulan. Ia dapat membantu pelajar membina
beberapa kemahiran insaniah melalui proses penyelesaian masalah. Seramai 53 orang pelajar dipilih
secara bertujuan untuk kajian ini. Instrumen kajian diedarkan untuk pengumpulan data dan kemudian
dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan keputusan pada tahap yang baik
dari segi penglibatan dan pembentukan kemahiran insaniah di kalangan pelajar. Beberapa aspek
penambahbaikan juga dibincangkan untuk memantapkan lagi proses pembelajaran serta penyampaian
yang berkesan dalam aktiviti PBM.

Kata kunci: Pembelajaran berasaskan masalah, penglibatan pelajar, kemahiran insaniah, SPSS

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

44

PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERASASKAN PROJEK DALAM
PDP KURSUS BAHASA SEPANYOL DI UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA
TERENGGANU

RADHIAH ISMAIL*
CHAIZANI MOHD SHAMSUDDIN

ROSWATI ABDUL RASHID

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan tentang pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan projek
(PBP) dan pelaksanaanya dalam PdP kursus bahasa Sepanyol di Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
(UMT). Ia berikutan masalah penguasaan perbendaharaan kata dalam kalangan pelajar yang
mengambil kursus tersebut. Seramai 24 orang pelajar program pelancongan yang mengambil kursus
bahasa Sepanyol sebagai kursus elektif wajib di UMT terlibat dalam projek tersebut. Mereka
merupakan pelajar bahasa Sepanyol tahap tiga di mana sebelumnya mereka telah mengikuti kursus
bahasa Sepanyol tahap dua dan tahap satu di UMT. Pelajar dikehendaki melaksanakan satu projek
digital iaitu menghasilkan video pengajaran perbendaharaan kata bahasa Sepanyol yang kreatif dan
inovatif. Pelajar diberi tempoh selama lapan minggu untuk menyiapkan projek tersebut dimulai
dengan pembentukan kumpulan (minggu pertama), penyediaan platform digital atau ruang virtual
(minggu kedua), penentuan tajuk dan konsep projek (minggu ketiga), penyediaan senarai
perbendaharaan kata (minggu keempat), penyediaan papan cerita (minggu kelima) dan
penggambaran video dan rakaman (minggu keenam hingga kelapan). Penghantaran video dilakukan
di minggu kesembilan. Lapan orang pelajar yang mewakili setiap kumpulan kemudiannya ditemubual
bagi mendapatkan maklumbalas berkenaan dengan pendekatan pembelajaran berasaskan projek ini.
Diharapkan pendekatan ini berupaya untuk meningkatkan dan memperkasakan penguasaan bahasa
Sepanyol dalam kalangan pelajar, seterusnya melonjak dan mengupayakan mereka untuk bersaing di
peringkat antarabangsa dan global.

Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek, Perbendaharaan Kata, Bahasa Sepanyol

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

45

FAKTOR PENGAJARAN GURU DALAM MEMPENGARUHI
PENGUASAAN KOSA KATA BAHASA ARAB PELAJAR SMA DI

TERENGGANU

MOHAMAD KARIMI MA*
RADHIAH ISMAIL

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Kosa kata adalah elemen terpenting dalam pemerolehan bahasa. Di Malaysia terutamanya di
Terengganu, ramai pelajar di peringkat menengah masih berusaha untuk memperkayakan kosa kata
bahasa Arab mereka demi untuk mengusai bahasa Arab. Ini akan menjadikan guru-guru bahasa Arab
berusaha bersungguh-sungguh untuk membantu pelajar dalam penguasaan kosa kata. Strategi yang
digunakan oleh guru bahasa memberi kesan yang besar terhadap pembelajaran bahasa.
Bagaimanakah guru menolong pelajar menarik minat mereka untuk menguasai kosa kata? Bagaimana
guru mengambil kira gaya pembelajaran yang berbeza, dan juga tahap pemahaman yang berbeza?
Oleh itu, kajian ini mengkaji pengaruh pengajaran guru terhadap penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab
pelajar sekolah menengah agama. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 135 orang pelajar pra universiti
SMASZA di Terengganu. Data kajian dikumpulkan dengan melakukan ujian kosa kata bahasa Arab
dan set soal selidik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa guru bahasa di SMASZA menggunakan kaedah
pendekatan pengajaran yang berkesan dan komprehensif dalam pengajaran kosa kata bahasa Arab
kepada pelajar. Kajian juga mendapati bahawa faktor pengajaran guru mempengaruhi penguasaan
kosa kata bahasa Arab pelajar.

Kata kunci: Bahasa Arab, kosa kata, guru, pengajaran, faktor

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

46

RASM AL-UTHMANI DALAM MANUSKRIP AL-QURAN
TERENGGANU MNT.E.21.14UI

MOHD NURUDIN1
RISWADI AZMI*2

1Kolej al-Quran Terengganu, 21400 Marang, Terengganu, Malaysia
2Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak
Fokus utama artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan ciri-ciri yang terdapat pada manuskrip al-Qurān
Terengganu MNT.E.21.14UI. Skop kajian ini tertumpu kepada kaedah penulisan yang diaplikasikan
dalam penulisan surah al-Fatihah Apakah kaedah rasm al-Qurān yang diaplikasikan? Objektif kajian ini
adalah untuk meneliti kaedah rasm al-Qurān diaplikasikan oleh penulis, kehalusan seni tulisan dan
aspek tambahan dari pemilik asal yang terdapat padanya untuk didedahkan kepada masyarakat.
Dapatan kajian mendapati manuskrip al-Qurān ini ditulis berdasarkan kaedah al-Rasm al-Uthmani.
Kajian ini signifikan kerana ia boleh menjadikan bukti sejarah tambahan kepada Negeri Terenganu
setelah penemuan bersejarah batu bersurat pada 26 Ogos 1303 berdasarkan pandangan Syed
Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, bahawa negeri Terengganu adalah negeri yang pemerintah dan rakyatnya
sangat mementingkan aspek agama dalam kehidupan. Harapannya, warisan agung ini terus dipelihara
agar generasi terkemudian mengkagumi dan mengiktiraf kesarjanaan dan kepakaran sarjana lokal.

Kata kunci: Manuskrip al-Qurān, rasm al-Qurān, sejarah penulisan, Terengganu

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

47

SOME INSIGHTS INTO ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE
PANDEMIC: MALAYSIAN, SAUDI AND JORDANIAN EFL LEARNERS

SAMSIAH ABDUL-HAMID*1
KHALID FAYYAD BANY-HAMAD1

USMAN SHAH2
ABDALLAH MOHAMMAD SALEM ALMAHASNEH3

SALAHUD DIN ABDUL RAB4
EID HAMOUDEH AHMED AL-KHATABA1

1English Language Learning Centre, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

2Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
4King Khalid University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Covid-19 has changed the educational landscape of the 21st century forever and practically demanded
everyone to accept it as a new norm. Going forward, this paper looks into the perceptions of EFL
learners from three different countries in adapting to online learning. More than 400 respondents from
Malaysia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Jordan participated in this study. Data were collected by
sending out a survey questionnaire through google form and links in students’ Whatsapp groups. The
survey was a compilation of several research instruments and was designed to obtain feedbacks on
students' experience of online learning. The findings indicate that for the most part, their knowledge of
using technology in learning and skills required for learning online have improved substantially. In
addition, in terms of facilities for an efficient online learning such as an up-to-date laptop, internet
coverage plan and internet access, improvements were less evident.

Keywords: Covid-19, teaching and learning, online learning, students’ readiness, technology in
learning

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

48

A VIDEO CAN PAINT 10,000 WORDS: HOW TO SELECT YOUTUBE
VIDEOS TO HELP STUDENTS LEARN LANGUAGES

CHAIZANI MOHD SHAMSUDIN*
RADHIAH ISMAIL

Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Without videos, language classes cannot be held amid the long lockdowns brought on by the Covid-19
pandemic. Thanks to the adoption of the new norms, the implementation of IR4.0 has been put on the
fast track and, after almost two years of online classes, students have gotten used to seeing their
lecturers, tutors, and teachers on live or recorded video feeds. The steep learning curve of having to
change from learning in conventional classes to doing so in online classes has now passed and the
students’ familiarity with this new medium means a new door has now been unlocked: the vast array of
online videos, especially on YouTube, that students can use to complement their official online classes.
However, not all online videos teaching English are suitable to be used as learning tools. Language
proficiency level, cultural differences, presenters’ accents, and many other factors must be considered
before selecting suitable videos to be used as supplementary videos for students. An important factor
is the language learner’s level of proficiency. Fortunately, university students in Malaysia are required
to take Malaysian University English Test (MUET) and this can be used to select which YouTube videos
that can help them improve their English language proficiency. It can be concluded that MUET
proficiency level can be used as a base to select YouTube videos and it is possible to grade the various
available English-teaching videos on YouTube based on MUET level of proficiency. This concept can
be further studied to include how anyone can select language-learning videos based on their level of
proficiency in the language.

Keywords: Language learning videos, YouTube, English, lower proficiency

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

49

KESAN PEMBELAJARAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP KEMAHIRAN
INTERPERSONAL PELAJAR

MOHD YUSRI IBRAHIM*

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Kajian-kajian lepas menunjukkan kegagalan graduan bersaing untuk menempatkan diri dalam pasaran
kerjaya bukan disebabkan kelemahan penguasaan kandungan teras pengajian mereka, tetapi banyak
dipengaruhi oleh kelemahan penguasaan kemahiran insaniah, antaranya kemahiran interpersonal.
Bagi mengatasi permasalahan ini, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu menawarkan subjek Komunikasi
Interpersonal yang bertaraf kursus elektif kepada pelajar bagi meningkatkan kemahiran interpersonal
dalam kalangan mereka. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk meninjau keberkesanan pembelajaran kursus
komunikasi terhadap kemahiran interpersonal pelajar. Kajian secara kuantitatif menggunakan soal
selidik ini melibatkan 200 pelajar sebagai responden, data ujian pra dan ujian pasca dianalisis
menggunakan perbandingan min sampel berpasangan dan regresi linear. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap
kemahiran interpersonal pelajar meningkat secara berkesan selepas mengikuti kursus komunikasi
interpersonal selama satu semester. Bertitik tolak daripada dapatan ini, dicadangkan institusi-institusi
pengajian tinggi memperkenal dan memperkasakan lagi penawaran kursus komunikasi interpersonal
bagi meningkatkan kemahiran interpersonal dalam kalangan graduan yang akan dilahirkan.

Kata kunci: Pengajaran dan pembelajaran, komunikasi interpersonal, kemahiran interpersonal

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

50

PERBANDINGAN KAEDAH PEMBELAJARAN KONVENSIONAL
DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN BERPUSATKAN PELAJAR DALAM
MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENGAJARAN KURSUS ASAS PRODUKSI

FILEM DOKUMENTARI

MOHAMMAD MAHDI ABAS*
MOHD YUSRI IBRAHIM

KASAWANI@KAZUWANI IBRAHIM
MASDUKI MOHAMMAD MORNI
CHE HASNIZA CHE NOH

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Pembelajaran berpusatkan pelajar (Student Centered Learning-SCL) adalah strategi pelajar menjadi
pemain utama dalam sesi pengajaran dan pembelajaran dengan penglibatan diri secara aktif. Pelajar
diperuntukkan masa lebih banyak untuk meneroka dan menyelesaikan masalah pembelajaran dengan
pengajar sekadar bertindak sebagai pemudahcara. Antara kaedah SCL yang boleh digunakan seperti
pembelajaran koperatif, projek pelajar, kerja kursus, sesi penyiasatan di makmal, persembahan pelajar,
kajian kes dan pembelajaran melalui penyelesaian masalah. Berbeza dengan kaedah konvensional,
kaedah SCL yang bersifat memberi tumpuan kepada pelajar, konstruktivisme, pembelajaran aktif, dan
mendorong pelajar untuk meneroka berasaskan pengalaman dilihat mampu untuk menghasilkan
pelajar yang berilmu, aktif, produktif, berkebolehan dan berketerampilan. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk
membandingkan kaedah konvensional dengan pengajaran berasaskan SCL yang digunakan dalam
kursus Asas Produksi Filem Dokumentari serta menilai keberkesanannya melalui persepsi pelajar dan
penilaian terhadap hasil pembelajaran dan penghasilan produksi bagi dua kumpulan pelajar berbeza
iaitu kumpulan terawat (kaedah pembelajaran SCL) dan kumpulan kawalan (kaedah pembelajaran
konvensional). Populasi kajian seramai 102 orang pelajar. Pengumpulan data melalui borang soal
selidik mengandungi dua bahagian utama iaitu demografi dan 32 item soalan. Rekabentuk kajian
menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berbentuk deskriptif secara tinjauan. Data dianalisis dan
diterjemahkan dalam bentuk peratusan dan min dengan menggunakan perisian ‘Statistical Package for
Social Science (SPSS) For Window Version 20.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kaedah pembelajaran
berpusatkan pelajar lebih diminati dan sesuai bagi meningkatkan mutu pengajaran dalam kursus Asas
Produksi Filem Dokumentari berbanding kaedah konvensional. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan berlaku
peningkatan aktif, penglibatan secara menyeluruh, kebebasan meneroka dan bereksperimen serta
pantas menyempurnakan tugasan melalui kaedah SCL dengan nilai skor min keseluruhan 2.85.

Kata kunci: Student Centered Learning, kemahiran generik, pengajaran konvensional, model
kurikulum pengajaran

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

51

COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL LEARNING METHODS AND
STUDENT - CENTERED LEARNING IN IMPROVING THE TEACHING

QUALITY OF BASIC COURSES ON DOCUMENTARY FILM
PRODUCTION

MOHAMMAD MAHDI ABAS*
MOHD YUSRI IBRAHIM

KASAWANI@KAZUWANI IBRAHIM
MASDUKI MOHAMMAD MORNI
CHE HASNIZA CHE NOH

Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Student Centered Learning (SCL) is a strategy for students to become key players in teaching and
learning sessions with active self-involvement. Students are allocated more time to explore and solve
learning problems with the instructor simply acting as a facilitator. Among the SCL methods that can be
used are cooperative learning, student projects, specialized work, investigation sessions in the
laboratory, student presentations, case studies and learning through problem solving. In contrast to
conventional methods, the SCL method which is student-focused, constructivist, active learning, and
encourages students to explore based on experience is seen to be able to produce knowledgeable,
active, productive, capable, and skilled students. This study was conducted to compare conventional
methods with SCL -based teaching used in the Basic Documentary Film Production course and
evaluate its effectiveness through students' perceptions and evaluation of learning outcomes and
production for two different groups of students namely treated group (SCL learning method) and
controlled group (conventional learning methods). The study population was 102 students. Data
collection through a questionnaire consists of two main parts, namely demographics and 32 question
items. The study design uses a descriptive quantitative approach by survey. Data were analyzed and
translated in the form of percentages and means using the software ‘Statistical Package for Social
Science (SPSS) For Window Version 20.0. The results show that student-centered learning methods
are more popular and suitable to improve the quality of teaching in the Basic Documentary Film
Production course compared to conventional methods. The findings of the study showed that there was
active improvement, overall involvement, freedom to explore and experiment as well as fast completion
of tasks through the SCL method with an overall mean score value of 2.85.

Keywords: Student Centered Learning, generic skills, conventional teaching, teaching curriculum
model

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

52

EXPERIENCING COOPERATIVE LEARNING: AN APPROACH TO
ASSESSMENT AND THEIR IMPACT ON PUPILS SPEAKING SKILLS

NUR AZLINA MD ARIS*1
ABDUL MUTALIB EMBONG2

KAIS AMIR KADHIM3

1Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Tinggi Kajang, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
2Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,

21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
3Sohar University, Oman

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore ESL teachers’ perceptions towards the use of cooperative
learning strategies in classroom-based assessment of speaking skills. It investigated the factors that
affect the implementation of this strategy and whether it enhances the academic performance of
students speaking skills in the ESL classroom-based assessment. A qualitative case study research
was carried out using interviews and document analysis to gauge the perceptions of participating
teachers in using cooperative learning strategies in classroom-based assessment of speaking skills.
This study reports on the perceptions of six Malaysian secondary school ESL teachers who were trained
and implemented cooperative learning strategies in classroom-based assessment of speaking skills.
Data from the interviews were analysed based on emerging themes which indicated that the teachers
had an overall positive view of cooperative learning strategies in classroom-based assessment of
speaking skills. They acknowledged the benefits of using cooperative learning strategies in assessment
of speaking skills amongst pupils. However, most encountered challenges with implementing it in the
ESL classroom. Some of the issues and challenges identified were time constraints, peer pressure
amongst the pupils, teachers’ competency and materials required.

Keywords: Cooperative learning strategies, classroom-based assessment, speaking skills, ESL
teachers

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

53

MERINTIS PENGALAMAN PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN
(PDP) DALAM TALIAN SEMESTER PANDEMIK COVID-19: SATU

PERKONGSIAN

NOOR ROHANA MANSOR*
ROSWATI ABDUL RASHID

MAZLINA AHMAD

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Pendidikan negara telah mengalami perubahan drastik 360 darjah kesan daripada pandemik COVID-
19. Kini norma baharu pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) dalam talian telah mengangkat kepentingan
penggunaan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (TMK), alatan peranti mudah alih seperti komputer
riba dan telefon bimbit dengan rangkaian internet serta home based learning. Kertas kerja ini meninjau
pengalaman PdP dalam talian yang telah dilalui oleh pelajar-pelajar Diploma Perikanan, UMT,
Semester D202021-1(Semester COVID-19) bagi kursus teras universiti BBB3105 (Kemahiran Berfikir).
Matlamatnya ke arah penambahbaikan berterusan dan pemantapan ilmu bagi melaksanakan PdP
dalam talian selanjutnya. Dalam desakan semester pandemik, penyelidikan mengaplikasikan metod
kajian kes dengan instrumen soal selidik dan analisis teks bagi mendapatkan data pengalaman pelajar
daripada 137 orang pelajar. Soal selidik menggunakan Google Form telah disampaikan kepada pelajar
menerusi perkongsian pautan kumpulan WhatsApp mereka pada minggu ke-14. Data-data sokongan
daripada komen pelajar juga diambil daripada hasil penilaian pengajaran pensyarah e-SPP yang dijana
pada akhir semester. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan nilai peratusan manakala data-data
catatan pelajar dianalisis secara analisis kandungan dan dikategorikan mengikut tema menggunakan
kaedah analisis secara tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan keupayaan pelajar yang
memberangsangkan dalam mengikuti PdP dalam talian kerana mereka dalam kalangan generasi
zaman teknologi maklumat iaitu generasi Net (Gen-Z) yang celik digital. Penambahbaikan berterusan
dikesan berfokus kepada tiga aspek iaitu aplikasi aktiviti permainan interaktif; kebolehcapaian internet;
serta lonjakan motivasi kendiri. Justeru pengalaman pelajar merintis laluan PdP dalam talian semester
pandemik COVID-19 sewajarnya dijadikan asas penambahbaikan berterusan selanjutnya bagi
memastikan kesiapsagaan graduan yang relevan dengan keperluan dan perkembangan semasa.

Kata kunci: Pandemik COVID-19, norma baharu, PdP dalam talian

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

54

PIONEERING TEACHING AND LEARNING EXPERIENCES DURING
COVID-19 PANDEMIC SEMESTER: SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE

NOOR ROHANA MANSOR*

Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

National education has undergone drastic change from COVID-19 pandemic. The new norm T&L has
lifted the importance of using information and communication technology, mobile device tools such as
laptops and mobile phones with internet networks and home-based learning. This paper explores the
experience of online T&L that has gone through by Diploma in Fisheries students semester D202021-
1 for university core course. The goal is towards continuous improvement and strengthening of
knowledge to further implement T&L online. In the insistence of the pandemic semester, research
applies case study and text analysis from 137 students. Supporting data from student comments were
also taken from the evaluation of the teaching of e-SPP lecturers generated at the end of the semester.
Data is descriptively analyzed with percentage value while student comments is analyzed through
content analysis and categorized by thematic analysis. Results showed an encouraging student's ability
to follow T&L online as they are among the generations of the digitally savvy Net (Gen-Z). Continuous
improvement is detected focusing on three aspects i.e. interactive game activity applications; internet
accessibility; as well as a self-motivational surge. Hence, the experience of students pioneering the T&L
online semester pandemic COVID-19 should be the basis for further continuous improvement to ensure
the availability of graduates relevant to current needs and developments.

Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, new norms, Teaching and Learning (T&L) online

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

55

A REVIEW ON KEY ISSUES FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN FIVE
COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES

NURAH ABDUL RAZAB*
ABDUL MUTALIB BIN EMBONG

Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Indigenous peoples are protectors of some of the world’s most biologically diverse landscapes. They
also play a part in the linguistic and cultural diversity of the world as invaluable resources that benefit
mankind. Yet, they continue to suffer. In this review, the following guiding questions were examined; (a)
What defines indigenous peoples? (b) What are the key issues faced by indigenous peoples? (c) What
are the efforts being taken to resolve the issues? Five Commonwealth countries by regions were
selected, which were Nigeria (Africa), Malaysia (Asia), Canada (Caribbean and Americas), the United
Kingdom (Europe), and Australia (Pacific). General definitions of indigenous peoples were defined. Five
key issues have been identified that are common for five Commonwealth countries, which are poor
health, laws, poverty, cultural survival and a lower level of education. Various efforts have been taken
to resolve the key issues. However, considerable work remains to be done in order to advance
advocacy attempts to prevent indigenous peoples’ situations in many regions of the world from
deteriorating further, or worse, extinction. The unique and distinct heritage of indigenous peoples should
be respected and protected and not be viewed as primitive and inferior, which subjected to being
eradicated.

Keywords: Indigenous people, key issues, Commonwealth

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

56

KONSEP MUSHTARAK DALAM TERJEMAHAN AL-QURAN

KASYFULLAH ABD KADIR*
CHE MOHD ZAID YUSOF

MAZLINA AHMAD

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstrak

Mushtarak bermaksud perkataan yang mempunyai banyak makna. Kehadirannya dalam al-Quran
menyebabkan berlaku perbezaan terhadap tafsiran al-Quran. Bagi tafsiran yang berlaku dalam bentuk
yang tidak bercanggah antara satu sama lain masih boleh diterima dan tidak menimbulkan masalah
kerana boleh difahami melalui pentafsiran yang terperinci. Namun adakalanya terdapat pentafsiran
yang saling bercanggah kerana dimanipulasi secara sembarangan oleh pihak yang berkepentingan.
Fenomena percanggahan tafsiran ini dilihat ada kaitan dengan konsep mushtarak. Namun begitu,
konsep mushtarak pula didefinisi secara berbeza mengikut bidang ilmu. Justeru, kajian ini cuba
mengenalpasti konsep mushtarak dari pelbagai bidang ilmu. Pendapat tersebut akan diterapkan
dengan data-data mushtarak al-Quran untuk melihat konsep sebenar mushtarak yang menepati
kandungan al-Quran. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif serta menggunakan metodologi kajian kepustakaan
dan analisis teks. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa konsep mushtarak yang sesuai diterapkan dengan
kajian makna al-Quran ialah bidang tafsir dan ulum al-Quran yang menyesuaikan istilah mushtarak
dengan tabiat al-Quran. Justeru, sebarang istilah mushtarak silam dan moden tidak penting dalam
bidang ini selagimana konsep kepelbagaian makna itu wujud. Dalam konteks terjemahan al-Quran
pula, sebarang konsep makna perlu mendahulukan istilah dan konsep yang terkandung dalam bidang
ilmu tafsir dan ulum al-Quran di samping mengambil kira bidang-bidang ilmu yang lain yang berfungsi
sebagai semak dan imbang.

Kata kunci: Terjemahan al-Quran, mushtarak, homonim, polisemi, bahasa Arab

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

57

DESIGNING AND VALIDATION OF VIRTUAL PHYSICAL
EDUCATION-SPORT SCIENCE RELATED COURSE: A LEARNER’S

ENGAGEMENT APPROACH

RABIU MUAZU MUSA*1
MOHAMAD RAZALI ABDULLAH2
MOHAMMAD ZUHAILI SUHAIMI1

1Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

2East Coast Environmental Research Institute, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract

Learners’ engagement is shown to be a major predictor of learning, performance, course completion as
well as course satisfaction. It is easier to engage learners in a face-to-face teaching and learning format
since the teacher could observe and interpret learner’s facial expression and body language. However,
in a virtual setting with the students sitting behind cameras, it is difficult to ascertain engagement as the
students might be absent-mindedly attending the class. Hitherto, with the rapid transition to online
learning, designing course content that could actively engage the students towards achieving the said
elements is, therefore, necessary. We applied a data-driven approach in designing a virtual physical
education-sport science-related course via a learner engagement model. A fully online course
comprising 132 students that runs for a total of 14 weeks was used as a case study to develop the
course. The delivery of the course content was implemented in stages to achieve three essential
educational outcomes namely, skill and knowledge acquisition, personal development as well as course
satisfaction. A Chi-square analysis projected a statistically significant difference in the skill and
knowledge acquisition before and after the programme p < 0.001. A Mann-Whitney test demonstrated
personal improvement in the overall fitness of the student upon completing the prescribed activity of the
course content. Moreover, a total per cent of 96.40, 95.30 and 92.80 students expressed their
satisfaction in the clarity of the learning objectives, good organizational and course content plan as well
as appropriate workload of the course designed, respectively. Since, students spend more time outside
the classroom, out of class learner’s engagement activity should be considered when designing a virtual
course to promote lifelong learning, experience, and higher order of thinking. The techniques presented
herein could be useful to academics, professionals, and other relevant stakeholders in developing
virtual course content within a specific domain of interest.

Keywords: Virtual teaching and learning, learner’s engagement, course design, online physical
education-sport science course, out of class engagement

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

58

HIGHLY EFFICIENT AND GREEN APPROACH OF SYNTHESIZING
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS FROM ALDEHYDES USING FOOD ADDITIVE

NUR AIMI AQILAH AHMAD RUSLAN1,2
VICIT RIZAL EH SUK3
MISNI MISRAN3
POH WAI CHIA*1,2

1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia

2Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia

3Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract

Oxidation of aldehydes is considered as one of the important organic reactions and is a common
reaction employed in the manufacturing of cosmetic products, dyestuff, plasticisers and fibres. Various
literature and methods have been generated that are capable of oxidising aldehydes to carboxylic acids
efficiently. However, there are some limitations in these catalytic systems including waste formation,
use of expensive and toxic oxidants, use of metals, sophisticated method of catalyst preparation and
some of these reactions required to be performed under a pressurised condition. For the first time, an
environmentally benign and highly efficient method for the preparation of carboxylic acids from
aldehydes using the Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and aqueous hydrogen peroxide is
described. After the completion of reaction, the aqueous SHMP was separated from the organic layer.
After being recharged with hydrogen peroxide, the aqueous SHMP was reused for five consecutive
times without any significant loss of catalytic activity. Under the improved protocol, the yields of the
desired products were recorded to be excellent (80–97%). Furthermore, the desired products were
yielded by precipitation method, with no column purification needed. The current protocol avoids the
utilisation of hazardous reagents which is scientifically important, especially in achieving a more
sustainable world.

Keywords: Oxidation, green process, benzaldehydes, recyclable catalytic system, sodium
hexametaphosphate

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

59

PROGRAM JUNIORLESTARI: PERINTIS KEPADA PENDIDIKAN
UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN LESTARI (ESD) DI TERENGGANU

MOHD AZMI MUHAMMED IDRIS*1,
NOR AFANDY HAMID@HAMAD1
WONG CHEE HO1
KHAIRIL SHAZMIN KAMARUDIN2

MOHAMAD SHAHRIR MOHAMAD ZAHARI3
TENGKU FARA KAMALIA TENGKU MOHD KAMIL4

HASIAH SALLEH3
NORLIDAWAHI WAHAB1
NURHAZLIYANA HANAFI1
MASDUKI MOHAMMAD MORNI1

KASAWANI IBRAHIM1
MOHAMAD PIRDAUS YUSOH1

1Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
2Fakulti Perikanan dan dan Sains Makanan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
3Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Kelautan dan Informatik, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

4Fakulti Sains dan Sekitaran Marin, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.

Abstrak

Dari sudut pencapaian konsep pembangunan lestari (SD), terutamanya dari konteks penggunaan
lestari (sustainable consumption), amalan pendidikan baru yang dikenali sebagai pendidikan untuk
pembangunan lestari (ESD) telah diperkenalkan sejak 2005 agar dapat membantu individu lebih
memahami alam sekitar dan impak sosial ke atas pilihan gaya hidup harian mereka. Menyahut kepada
keperluan pendidikan berkualiti seperti dikehendaki menerusi konsep ESD, satu program pendidikan
yang dinamakan Program JuniorLestari telah diperkenalkan. Objektif umum program ini adalah untuk
memberikan pendedahan awal pengetahuan asas konsep SD kepada murid-murid sekolah rendah.
Empat topik Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDGs) iaitu Kesihatan Baik dan Kesejahteraan (SDG3),
Air Bersih dan Kawalan Kebersihan (SDG6), Penggunaan dan Pengeluaran yang Bertanggungjawab
(SDG12) dan Kehidupan di Bawah Air (Lautan) (SDG14) telah diperkenalkan dan diajar kepada murid-
murid di tiga buah sekolah rendah terpilih di daerah Kuala Nerus dengan kaedah pengajaran mudah
difahami berdasarkan Modul Kem Bumi Lestari 1.0. Secara keseluruhannya, Program JuniorLestari
(menerusi Kem Bumi Lestari 2020) berjaya meningkatkan sebanyak 72.2% pemahaman murid-murid
sekolah rendah (responden) terhadap konsep SD dan dibuktikan menerusi data peningkatan
perubahan terhadap jumlah jawapan yang betul diperolehi oleh keseluruhan responden yang
mempunyai markah pemahaman 80% dan keatas setelah perbandingan pemahaman mereka sebelum
dan selepas aktiviti Topik SDGs dijalankan. Secara keseluruhannya, peratus peningkatan pemahaman
responden berkenaan SDGs terpilih dalam Kem Bumi Lestari 2020, secara puratanya, juga meningkat
sebanyak 23.9%. Dengan penambahbaikan terutama dari segi teknik penyampaian bahan pendidikan
dan aktiviti semasa pengajaran di masa hadapan, Program JuniorLestari dijangka dapat memberikan
sumbangan yang lebih berkesan terhadap cara pemikiran dan tingkahlaku generasi masa hadapan.

Kata kunci: Program JuniorLestari, Pendidikan untuk Pembangunan Lestari (ESD), Matlamat
PembangunanLestari (SDGs), Pembangunan Lestari

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

60

THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUAL’S INTERNAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS
ON WELL-BEING AMONG PROFESSIONAL MIDDLE-AGE WOMEN

MUHAMMAD FAKHRUSH SYAKIRIN MOHD FAIRUZ*
CHE HASNIZA CHE NOH

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

Abstract

Middle-aged individuals are synonymous with the process of reflection, due to the phenomenon coined
as midlife crisis. Partly, their current state of life, or present living conditions (well-being) is responsible
for such phenomenon. Conceptually, well-being can be defined subjectively as individual’s satisfaction
and happiness with their life; psychologically as individual’s psychological functioning. Previous
researches has proven the influences of self-concept, self-esteem, empathy, and social support on both
well-being outcomes, meanwhile the present study attempts to understand these constructs as
indicators of internal and social attributes characterized by individuals on their wellness. Therefore, the
purpose of this study are to investigate individual’s psychological (self- concept and self-esteem) and
communicational (empathy and social support) attributes on their well- being constituted by
psychological (psychological functioning) and subjective (life satisfaction and happiness) aspects.
Aiming on a sample of middle-aged high-managerial women employed in public universities (N=251)
through a systematic random sampling, this survey includes a 89-item self-report questionnaire based
on seven constructs, which are Self-Concept Clarity Scale (measuring self- concept), Self-Esteem
Scale (measuring self-esteem), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (measuring empathy), Multidimensional
Scale of Perceived Social Support (measuring social support), Satisfaction with Life Scale and
Subjective Happiness Scale (measuring subjective component of well-being), and short version of
Scales of Psychological Well-Being (measuring psychological component of well-being). Correlation,
factorial and covariance based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) will be conducted to explore
and determine the relationships among these variables.

Keyword: self-concept clarity, self-esteem, empathy, social support, life satisfaction, happiness,
psychological functioning, well-being

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

61

GAYA KEIBUBAPAAN DAN POLA KOMUNIKASI KELUARGA DI
MALAYSIA

CHE HASNIZA CHE NOH
ISMA ROSILA ISMAIL

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstrak

Keluarga merupakan institusi yang amat penting dalam masyarakat dan akan menentukan jatuh
bangun sesebuah negara. Pembentukan masyarakat madani harus bermula dari pendidikan pertama
iaitu di rumah. Dalam hal ini, aspek gaya keibubapaan dan komunikasi merupakan proses yang harus
diberi keutamaan. Kegagalan ibubapa menjalankan kefungsian keibubapaan akan mendatangkan
implikasi negatif kepada pembentukan emosi, jiwa, mental, dan akhlak anak-anak. Sehubungan itu,
satu kajian telah dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan keluarga dari perspektif gaya
keibubapaan dan pola komunikasi keluarga. Turut dikenalpasti juga sejauhmana ciri ibubapa dan anak
mempengaruhi gaya keibubapaan dan pola komunikasi keluarga. Kajian tinjauan ini telah dijalankan di
tiga buah negeri di Pantai Timur Semenanjung Malaysia iaitu melibatkan 1,012 responden yang terdiri
435 pelajar (mewakili anak), 300 ibu dan 277 bapa. Sebanyak lima instrumen telah digunakan iaitu
Revised Family Communication Pattern, Parental Authority Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem
Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index dan Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. Analisis korelasi
menunjukkan penghargaan kendiri ibubapa tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan ketiga-tiga gaya
keibubapaan, tetapi mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan komunikasi orientasi perbualan. Empati
bapa didapati mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan gaya keibubapaan autoritatif dan komunikasi
orientasi perbualan. Personaliti ekstrovert didapati mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan gaya
keibubapaan autoritatif dan orientasi perbualan dan konformiti. Dapatan ini memberi implikasi bahawa
gaya keibubapaan dan pola komunikasi keluarga merupakan aspek penting dalam pendidikan anak-
anak serta mampu mengukuhkan institusi keluarga. Ia juga memberi implikasi bahawa setiap individu
dalam keluarga adalah saling bergantungan serta memberi sumbangan yang penting terhadap
keseluruhan sistem keluarga.

Kata kunci: gaya keibubapaan, pola komunikasi keluarga, penghargaan kendiri, empati, personaliti.

62

ADUN WANITA DALAM DUN TERENGGANU: ANALISIS TERHADAP
PENCAPAIAN DALAM PILIHAN RAYA SERTA UNDANG-UNDANG
TUBUH NEGERI

HAMDAN AZIZ*
Pensyarah Kanan di Jabatan Kenegaraan dan Ketamadunan, Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan

Lanjutan (PPAL), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT).

SYAHRIN SAID
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

ABSTRAK

Kertas kerja ini berusaha menaratifkan pencapaian pilihan raya terhadap calon wanita yang bertanding
dan menang dalam Pilihan Raya Umum (PRU) di Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN) Terengganu serta
pemakaian Undang-Undang Tubuh Negeri bagi maksud lantikan terhadap ADUN Wanita. Justeru
dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu analisis dokumen serta analisis wacana ilmiah, kertas
kerja cuba menyorot kembali keberadaan dua orang ADUN Wanita yang berjaya terpilih ke sidang DUN
Terengganu. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, didapati sepanjang 14 kali PRU (1959-2018), DUN Terengganu
hanya mencatatkan hanya seorang ADUN Wanita sahaja yang pernah memenangi pilihan raya iaitu
Teh binti Hassan di DUN Chukai dalam PRU 1969 manakala ADUN kedua iaitu Zuraida Md. Noor pula
dibawa masuk ke sidang DUN secara ADUN lantikan pasca PRU 2018. Kajian mendapati dalam
rentetan sejarah pilihan raya umum sebanyak 14 kali, betapa calon-calon wanita yang bertanding
sangat sukar untuk menang berbanding calon lelaki sekalipun mereka mewakili parti-parti politik
dominan seperti UMNO dan PAS. Kajian ini diharapkan memberi pendedahan kepada semua pihak
betapa perlunya ada wakil wanita dalam DUN Terengganu selain kajian dalam aspek perundangan
membawa masuk wakil wanita (ADUN) ke dalam sidang DUN Terengganu.
Kata Kunci: Wakil Rakyat Wanita, DUN Terengganu, Teh Hassan, Zuraida Md. Noor, Undang-Undang
Tubuh Terengganu

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

63

BAHASA MELAYU DI UNIVERSITI AWAM : FUNGSINYA SEBAGAI
BAHASA PENGANTAR UTAMA ILMU

HAMDAN AZMI BIN ABD. AZIZ (UC TATI)*

NOOR ROHANA BT. MANSOR (UMT)

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat kesan kelonggaran yang diberikan dalam Akta Pendidikan 1996
terhadap taraf dan fungsi Bahasa Melayu di Universiti Awam (UA). Kajian ini berlandaskan kepada isu
kelonggaran yang diberikan kepada Institut Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (IPTS) untuk menggunakan selain
daripada Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa pengantar utama ilmu. Namun demikian, realiti apa yang
berlaku sekarang ini memperlihatkan UA turut bersama-sama IPTS menggunakan selain daripada
Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa pengantar utama ilmu. Justeru itu, kajian ini akan melihat kesan
kelonggaran tersebut terhadap penggunaan Bahasa Melayu dalam proses pengajaran dan
pembelajaran di ketiga-tiga kategori UA iaitu Universiti Penyelidikan, Universiti Berfokus dan Universiti
Komprehensif. Selain itu, kajian ini juga mencadangkan beberapa strategi untuk mengembalikan
semula taraf dan fungsi Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa ilmu utama di UA. Kajian ini merupakan kajian
kuantitatif iaitu menggunakan kaedah soal selidik. Soal selidik ini melibatkan seramai 385 tenaga
akademik daripada UA. Secara keseluruhannya, dapatan kajian menjelaskan bahawa Bahasa Melayu
bukanlah bahasa pengantar utama dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran di UA. Analisis data
menunjukkan peratusan penggunaan Bahasa Melayu dalam kesemua sembilan aspek proses
pengajaran dan pembelajaran adalah rendah. Keadaan ini menunjukkan polisi dasar bahasa yang
dilaksanakan di UA sememangnya tidak menjadikan Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa utama.
Sehubungan itu, beberapa strategi telah disyorkan untuk mengembalikan semula taraf dan fungsi
Bahasa Melayu antaranya dengan mengubah dan juga menyelaras polisi dasar bahasa di UA,
memperkasakan semula dasar bahasa oleh kerajaan dan menjadikan penerbitan jurnal-jurnal dan
buku-buku ilmiah dalam Bahasa Melayu sebagai indeks Petunjuk Prestasi Utama tenaga akademik.
Diharapkan melalui kajian ini, pihak kerajaan bersama-sama dengan UA akan terus berusaha
mengembalikan semula taraf dan fungsi Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa pengantar utama ilmu di UA.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

64

KEPIMPINAN KENDIRI MASYARAKAT TERENGGANU DAN KESAN
SOSIO-PSIKOLOGI MENANGANI COVID19

HAILAN BIN SALAMUN*
LUQMAN ALHAKIM BIN HAILAN

ROFISHAH RASHID

Abstrak

Norma hidup masyarakat dunia hari ini telah berubah kepada norma baharu. Penularan wabak Covid
19 telah melanda seluruh penduduk dunia dan memberi kesan langsung kepada system sosial dan
juga ekonomi. Dalam perkembangan ini, Malaysia tidak terkecuali, namun unjuran statitistik yang
dipaparkan oleh Majlis Keselamatan Negara menunjukkan perbezaan jumlah penduduk yang positif
menjadi mangsa penularan Covid 19 di antara penduduk Patai Timur dengan Penduduk Pantai Barat
di Semenanjung Malaysia. Kajian ini ingin melihat amalan kepimpinan kendiri dan kesan sosiopsikologi
masyarakat Terengganu menjalani norma baharu berhadapan Covid 19. Kepimpinan kendiri
merupakan suatu proses di mana individu mempengaruhi dirinya sendiri untuk membentuk motivasi
dan matlamat kendiri yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan suatu tugasan. Pembinaan konsep kendiri
yang positif boleh berkembang melalui hubungan kekeluargaan dan pengalaman berinteraksi dengan
rakan seharian. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kaedah kuantitatif. Pendekatan pengumpulan
data kuantitatif bagi mengenalpasti tahap semasa kepimpinan kendiri masyarakat Terengganu
menangani isu Covid 19.

Kata kunci: Kepimpinan Kendiri, Sosio-psikologi, Norma baharu, Masyarakat Terengganu

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

65

INVESTIGATING USERS’ SENTIMENT USING TWITTER DATA: A
CASE STUDY ON APPLE, SAMSUNG, AND HUAWEI

LAILY ZAINAL*1
AMIRSAMAN AHMADI ASHGAFTAKI2

ABDUL MUTALIB EMBONG3
AMEER FARHAN MOHD ARZAMAN4

NURUL ASHIKIN ABDUL-KADIR5
MARTINI MUHAMAD6

1 Faculty of Business and Management, DRB Hicom University of Automotive Malaysia
2Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Lembah

Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
3Centre for Foundation and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala

Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia;
4Faculty of Business, Economics, and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030

Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia;
5School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,Johor,Malaysia
6Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL United

Kingdom

ABSTRACT

This report is to discuss the project paper entitled “sentiment analysis on the brand value of technology
companies using Twitter data: a case study on Apple, Samsung, and Huawei”. The Internet has
influenced the way people cooperate with each other. Thus, this brought several potential opportunities
or threats to businesses. Business analysts can gain insights and outlooks regarding consumers’
feedback and views on their brands, products, and services by analyzing social media posts, online
reviews, and forum articles. Hence, this paper is to investigate Apple, Samsung, and Huawei users’
sentiment through their tweets with certain keywords. For this, a clean and pre-processed dataset has
been created which could be used for the sentiment analysis. Textblob, Bing Liu, Afinn, sentiwordnet,
and NRC lexicon were used too to measure the emotions of users towards the three brands. The study
reveals Huawei has the majority of positive sentiments and reviews compare to the other two
companies. This is also supported in NRC emotions, where it has been observed majority have positive
emotions and Huawei not only has the highest positive emotions, it also has the highest trust emotions
compare to the other two companies. Nevertheless, in terms of likes, retweets, and replies on Twitter,
Apple and Samsung stand in front of Huawei respectively. The finding allows the companies to
understand their customers better and take necessary actions and strategies to maintain and expand
their customer base, and gain a competitive advantage in the industry against competitors.

Keywords: sentiment analysis, topic modelling, customer experience analysis, technology companies

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

66

TEACHERS’ AWARENESS TOWARDS THE ADAPTATION OF
DESCRIPTORS IN CEFR COMPONENT SCALES TO THE

LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES IN CHINESE NATIONAL-TYPE SCHOOL

CHAN XIAN WEI*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstract

English language teachers play the integral role to adapt themselves with the latest trend of English
curriculum as they are the playmakers to engage the pupils in the teaching and learning session. With
the introduction of the Common European Framework of Reference, each “can do” descriptor serves
as the reference when defining a curriculum goal to suit the aim of teaching and learning before
developing the assessment criteria. This paper provided insights into the awareness of the primary
SJK(C) teachers towards the descriptors in the CEFR component scales when implementing the SBA
language activities in regard to the four language skills. Qualitative design was adopted in this study
through the use of structured interviews for one male English teacher and four female English teachers
from a primary school in Marang who were selected as participants. It was found that awareness
towards the descriptors in CEFR component scales was portrayed among the majority of the teachers
as they managed to align them with the suitable language activities. Although a lack of awareness was
shown among the minority of the teacher, it somehow did not affect them to show a balanced division
of four language skills in their curriculum plan. From the teachers’ responses in relation to their selection
of language activities, they managed to come up with eight types of listening activities, six types of
reading activities, five types of speaking activities and four types of writing activities. However, writing
skill was actually associated with quite a number of the activities in listening skill and reading skill.

Keywords: English curriculum, awareness, descriptors, CEFR component scales, language activities

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

67

KONSEP TAKLID DALAM FIKAH: KAJIAN TERHADAP PERSEPSI
GURU-GURU PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI NEGERI TERENGGANU

AHMAD TARMIZI MUHAMMAD KHATIB*
FIRDAUS KHAIRI ABDUL KADIR

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan (PPAL)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)

ABSTRAK

Taklid merupakan satu konsep atau pendekatan yang dipraktikkan oleh masyarakat Islam secara
amnya dalam melaksanakan kewajipan dan tuntutan-tuntutan fikah yang ditetapkan oleh agama Islam.
Tidak keterlaluan jika dinyatakan bahawa konsep taklid dipraktikkan oleh majoriti masyarakat Islam
khususnya orang awam yang tidak mempunyai latar belakang akademik berkaitan Pendidikan Islam
secara formal. Di samping itu, golongan pendidik atau guru yang mempunyai latar belakang akademik
berkaitan Pendidikan Islam juga tidak terkecuali daripada mengesyor, mengajar dan berpegang kepada
konsep taklid dalam fikah. Dalam membahaskan konsep taklid, Para ulama dan ilmuwan Islam
membahagikan masyarakat Islam kepada tiga kategori iaitu para ulama atau mufti yang layak untuk
berfatwa, para ulama atau ustaz yang tidak mempunyai kelayakan dan autoriti untuk berfatwa dan
golongan orang awam yang tidak memiliki pengetahuan agama Islam yang mendalam serta
memerlukan bimbingan dan tunjuk ajar daripada para ulama, mufti dan ustaz. Objektif kajian ini adalah
untuk menjelaskan dengan lebih lanjut mengenai konsep taklid menurut pandangan Syarak, mengenal
pasti faktor-faktor serta kesan-kesan bertaklid dan menilai persepsi guru-guru Pendidikan Islam
terhadap konsep taklid dalam fikah. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan melalui teknik temu bual terhadap
lapan orang guru Pendidikan Islam dan teknik analisis kandungan daripada sumber-sumber muktabar
seperti kitab-kitab rujukan pengajian Islam, jurnal-jurnal akademik dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan
pendekatan tersebut, dapatan kajian akan menghuraikan konsep taklid dalam fikah secara terperinci
dan menilai persepsi guru-guru Pendidikan Islam terhadap konsep berkenaan dengan sewajarnya.
Cadangan dan Kajian lanjutan adalah amat diperlukan untuk mengenal pasti idea-idea baharu dalam
memperkasakan konsep taklid ini agar selaras dengan pandangan Syarak yang syumul.

Kata kunci: Taklid, Fikah, Usul Fikah, Pendidikan Islam, Persepsi

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

68

AMAR MAKRUF NAHI MUNGKAR DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI RINTIK-
RINTIK HURUF

MARIATI MAT SALLEH@MD NOR
KASYFULLAH BIN ABD KADIR

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan (PPAL)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)

Abstrak
Seni puisi Islam merupakan salah satu cabang dakwah yang harus disuburkan pada masa kini.
Kandungan puisi Islam adalah bertujuan mengajak masyarakat mengamalkan ajaran Islam berteraskan
konsep amar makruf nahi mungkar. Namun begitu, pendekatan amar makruf nahi mungkar yang
terkandung dalam puisi Islam agak kabur dan melahirkan pelbagai perspektif dalam kalangan pemuisi
dan pembaca. Kekaburan ini turut berlaku terhadap puisi-puisi yang dihasilkan oleh pemuisi agung.
Justeru, pendekatan amar makruf nahi mungkar dalam puisi Islam perlu dirungkai dan disenaraikan
agar lebih mudah difahami oleh para pemuisi dan pembaca. Bagi tujuan tersebut, kumpulan puisi Rintik-
rintik Huruf oleh Darma Muhammad dipilih sebagai bahan kajian. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah
kaedah kepustakaan dan teks analisis dengan penelitian khusus terhadap kandungan puisi. Aspek ini
diteliti berdasarkan teori Takmilah yang dipelopori oleh Shafie Abu Bakar. Teori ini mempunyai tujuh
prinsip iaitu prinsip ketuhanan yang bersifat Kamal, prinsip kerasulan sebagai insan Kamil, prinsip
keislaman yang bersifat Akmal, prinsip ilmu dengan sastera yang bersifat Takamul, prinsip sastera
sendiri yang berciri estetik dan bersifat Takmilah, prinsip pada pengkarya yang seharusnya
mengistikmalkan diri dan prinsip khalayak bertujuan memupuk mereka ke arah insan Kamil. Dapatan
analisis menunjukkan bahawa kumpulan puisi Rintik-rintik huruf boleh dianggap sebagai puisi Islam
kerana menepati prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung dalam teori Takmilah.

Kata kunci: Amar makruf, Nahi mungkar, puisi Islam, Takmilah

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

69

LOSING OR NOT LOSING HUMAN TOUCH? : STUDENTS VIRTUAL
MOBILITY INTERCULTURAL EXPERIENCE DURING PANDEMIC
COVID-1

ISMA ROSILA ISMAIL*1,2
CHE HASNIZA CHE NOH 3
YUS SHARMIZA BINTI YUSHRIMAN4

1 Centre For Foundation And Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
2Institute of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

ABSTRACT

Starting March 2020, Malaysia government started to impose movement control order (MCO) due to
the COVID-19 outbreak which forced Malaysian to stay at home to stop the virus from spreading fast.
The MCO affects the students’ mobility program almost all universities in Malaysia as well as worldwide.
Students were forced to stay at home while learning activities continue using Online Distance Learning
(ODL) mode. The mobility program started to be online or virtual to overcome the restriction of the
travelling due to the pandemic. The virtual mobility been introduced to foster the mobility experiences
even during the pandemic. Mobility program abroad normally been associated with the intercultural
experience. However during the virtual mobility program, the students might experience different thing.
The goal of this paper is to share the intercultural experiences of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
students during their participation for ATU-NET Virtual Mobility Program from 2020-2021. Several
number of the previous participants were selected. This paper will also share about the advantages and
disadvantages of the program that they join online. This paper will extends our understandings of the
student’s virtual mobility intercultural experience during pandemic COVID-19.

Keywords: students, intercultural experience, virtual mobility, COVID-19, online

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

70

ASIMILASI ORANG BANJAR DAN JAWA DALAM MEMPERKAYAKAN
IDENTITI BUDAYA RUMPUN ETNIK MELAYU DI MALAYSIA

ISMAR LIZA MAHANI ISMAIL
NAJIHAH ABDUL MUTALIB

HAMDAN AZIZ
RUZAINI SULAIMAN @ ABD RAHIM

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

ABSTRAK
Orang Banjar mahupun orang Jawa merupakan dua kumpulan subetnik Melayu yang mendiami
Malaysia pada masa kini. Masyarakat yang berhijrah dari Kepulauan Indonesia ke Tanah Melayu ketika
zaman penjajahan British dahulu ini tergolong dalam rumpun bangsa Melayu. Pada masa kini,
kebanyakan orang Banjar mahupun Jawa boleh didapati di beberapa daerah di negeri di kawasan
Pantai Barat Malaysia seperti Selangor, Perak serta Johor. Justeru, kertas kerja ini akan
membincangkan proses asimilasi yang berlaku dalam kalangan orang Banjar dan orang Jawa ke dalam
rumpun etnik Melayu di Malaysia. Migrasi orang Banjar dan Jawa ke Tanah Melayu telah menyebabkan
berlakunya perubahan dalam segenap aspek kehidupan mereka akibat proses asimilasi dengan
penduduk tempatan. Berdasarkan kajian kepustakaan, walaupun ciri-ciri budaya orang Banjar dan
Jawa yang seiras dengan orang Melayu namun keunikan yang ada pada budaya orang Banjar dan
Jawa telah memperkayakan lagi identiti budaya rumpun Melayu di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: Asimilasi, Banjar dan Jawa, Budaya Melayu.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

71

APLIKASI KONSEP ETIKA KETIKA PDP ATAS TALIAN: KAJIAN
TERHADAP PELAJAR KURSUS MPU3132 PENGHAYATAN ETIKA DAN

PERADABAN

NAJIHAH BINTI ABDUL MUTALIB
ISMAR LIZA MAHANI ISMAIL

NURUL AIN CHUA BINTI ABDULLAH
RUZAINI SULAIMAN @ ABD RAHIM

AISYAH DOLLAH @ ABDULLAH

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

ABSTRAK

Etika merujuk kepada tingkah laku moral manusia dan bagaimana untuk bertindak dalam keadaan
tertentu. Etika atau dalam Islam lebih kita sebut sebagai adab, merupakan salah satu elemen penting
yang perlu ada pada diri seorang pelajar sewaktu proses pembelajaran yakni menuntut ilmu. Berikutan
penularan wabak Covid-19 dalam negara bermula pada Mac 2020, kaedah PDP di peringkat universiti
telah menggunakan sepenuhnya kaedah pembelajaran secara atas talian. Timbul persoalan di sini,
adakah konsep etika atau adab ini diamalkan oleh para pelajar ketika proses pembelajaran atas talian
berlangsung. Sehubungan itu, kertas ini bertujuan untuk melihat keberkesanan pembelajaran secara
atas talian dari sudut penghayatan dan pengamalan etika para pelajar terutamanya ketika ujian online
berlangsung dan ketika menjalankan tugasan mereka. Selain itu, kajian ini juga akan melihat isu-isu
lain dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh para pelajar sepanjang proses pembelajaran online berlangsung.
Data kajian ini diperolehi daripada soal selidik yang dijalankan terhadap 482 orang pelajar Sarjana
Muda yang mengambil Kursus Penghayatan Etika dan Peradaban (KPEP) bagi semester 1 sesi
2020/2021 di UMT. Dapatan kajian diharap dapat membantu para pensyarah terutamanya yang
mengajar kursus ini di UMT untuk memberi penekanan kepada aspek etika dan adab pelajar walau
dalam keadaan pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara online. Ini adalah kerana kemenjadian seorang
pelajar antaranya disebabkan oleh etika dan adab sopan yang membentuk keperibadian dan
keterampilan mereka.

Kata kunci: Pendidikan Etika, Pendidikan Adab, Pembelajaran Online, Akhlak Pelajar

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

72

FUNGSI DAN POLA SISTEM PANGGILAN SAPAAN BAHASA JEPUN
DALAM KOMUNIKASI PELANCONGAN

ROSWATI ABDUL RAHID*
NOOR ROHANA MANSOR

RADHIAH ISMAIL
MAZLINA AHMAD
NURUL AIN CHUA ABDULLLAH

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

ABSTRAK
Kata ganti nama adalah salah satu elemen kesantunan dalam sesuatu bahasa. Kesantunan dalam
masyarakat Jepun merupakan alat menjaga keharmonian dan sangat dititik beratkan dalam urusan
perniagaan. Penggunaan kata ganti nama yang tidak menepati norma budaya sesuatu masyarakat
akan mengakibatkan ancaman terhadap air muka seseorang dalam bahasa sasaran. Justeru itu,
makalah ini akan meneliti kata ganti nama dalam konteks penggunaan sistem panggilan sapaan oleh
pemandu pelancong Malaysia berbahasa Jepun ketika berinteraksi dengan pelancong Jepun semasa
sesi lawatan pemanduan pelancongan. Data diperolehi dari rakaman lima sesi lawatan pelancongan.
Dapatan kajian mendapati penggunaan sistem panggilan sapaan oleh pemandu pelancong menepati
dan bersesuaian dengan fungsi sebagaimana norma budaya masyarakat Jepun dan pola
penggunaannya selari dengan konteks di sepanjang sesi lawatan tersebut berlangsung. Kajian ini akan
menjadi rujukan kepada para pengajar bahasa Jepun dalam penggunaan kata ganti nama semasa
berinteraksi dengan orang Jepun.

Kata kunci: kata ganti nama; pemandu pelancong; pelancong Jepun; sistem panggilan sapaan; sesi
lawatan pemanduan pelancongan

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

73

PENERAPAN TEORI MINDA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ILMU
TAJWID: KAJIAN TERHADAP KAEDAH IQRA’

MOHD FAIZ MOHD YASIN
ABDUL HANIS EMBONG*

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstrak

Teori minda merupakan satu teori dalam bidang psikologi bahawa dunia dalam minda seseorang
adalah berlainan daripada dunia fizikalnya. Teori ini membantu seseorang memahami seseorang
memahami fikiran seseorang yang lain serta motif tingkah lakunya. Teori minda dapat dilatih dan
dikembangkan melalui beberapa aktiviti seperti bermain, lakonan serta bahasa. Seperti aktiviti yang
lain, membaca al-Quran secara bertajwid juga mempunyai peraturan tertentu yang perlu dipatuhi dalam
bacaan al-Quran, ia telah dikenal pasti sebagai aktiviti yang membantu perkembangan teori minda.
Kajian-kajian lepas menunjukkan kesalahan bacaan kerap berlaku dalam hukum tajwid yang
melibatkan penerapan konsep teori minda. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti elemen
teori minda dalam pembelajaran ilmu tajwid berdasarkan kaedah Iqra’ supaya dapat diberikan
penekanan agar kesalahan lazim tersebut dapat dielakkan. Kajian ini adalah sebuah kajian kualitatif
yang menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan terhadap data tekstual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan
beberapa contoh dalam kaedah Iqra’ mengandungi elemen teori minda. Perkembangan teori minda
dalam kalangan pelajar ilmu tajwid secara tidak langsung membantu perkembangan minda bagi
memahami perkara ghaib, ilmu aqidah serta konsep ihsan yang terdapat dalam Islam.
Kata kunci: Teori Minda, Ilmu Tajwid, Bacaan Al-Quran, Kaedah Iqra’, Pembelajaran Asas Al-Quran

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

74

ANALISIS PERSEPSI DAN TAHAP KEPUASAN PELAJAR BAHASA
ARAB DI UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU

CHE MOHD ZAID1
MOHD ALAUDDIN OTHMAN2
SHAFERUL HAFES SHA'ARI2
MOHAMMAD RUSDI AB MAJID3

AZNIDA BINTI AZIZ3
KASYFULLAH ABD KADIR1

1Pusat Pendidikan Asas da Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
2 Universiti Islam Antarabangsa,

3Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA),
4Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia (Kampus Dato’ Razali Ismail),

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti persepsi dan tahap kepuasan pelajar Bahasa Arab di Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu ketika sesi pengajaran dan pembelajaran secara talian semasa perintah
kawalan pergerakan. Bagi tujuan itu, pengkaji menggunakan soal selidik Skala Kepuasan yang telah
diadaptasi dan diadoptasikan. Skala Kepuasan ini diambil daripada skala keseronokan belajar sains
dalam Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA). Kajian ini berbentuk tinjauan melibatkan pelajar
universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Responden kajian terdiri daripada 200 pelajar yang telah mengambil
mata pelajaran bahasa Arab di Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah
penyelidikan kuantitatif berbentuk deskriptif. Kajian ini juga turut menjalankan analisis faktor
penerokaan (EFA) dan analisis faktor pengesahan (CFA). Data kajian dianalisis dengan bantuan
perisian Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS-22). Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan
tahap kepuasan pelajar secara keseluruhannya adalah tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan pelajar mempunyai
pandangan yang positif terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang berlaku di dalam kelas bahasa Arab
di universiti awam Malaysia.

Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Tahap Kepuasan, bahasa Arab, universiti Malaysia Terengganu.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

75

STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCE IN USING ONLINE LEARNING PLATFORM
DURING MCO FOR GROUP WORK

HAFIZAH AB HAMID
RAIHANA ROMLY

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

ABSTRACT

Online Distance Learning (ODL) has been the ultimate learning platform since the COVID-19 pandemic
forced the closure of educational institutions all over the country in March 2020. Adhering to the
implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO), classes and assessments have been conducted
and completed via various online learning as well as social media platforms. Apart from attending online
classes, students have also completed assignments online. The assessments can be in the form of
individual or group. This study investigated students’ perception, strategies as well as challenges on
completing the group assignment online. An online survey containing 16 items was answered by 83
UMT undergraduate students from different degree programmes. It was found that various online
platforms and mediums were used to discuss the assignment such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and
Google Meet. Students were also found to be using various mediums such as WhatsApp, and Telegram
to complete the assignment. The variety of online platforms and mediums used to complete the group
assessment were due to the constraints of online learning like poor internet connection, and lack of
technology devices; to name a few. The results of this study have implications for future online group
assessments planning and organisation in ensuring the educators are able to facilitate the students’
learning process and to monitor the assessments.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, MCO, collaborative learning, learning strategies, digital learning

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

76

SAFEGUARDING INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN MALAYSIA:
A CASE OF SONGKET (MALAYSIA’S TRADITIONAL HANDWOVEN
FABRIC)

NOORFATHEHAH BT ABDULLAH SANI

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstract

Malaysia is well-known for its rich cultural diversity and heritage. Songket-weaving is an ancient skill
that has retained its popularity to the present day. Songket is a cloth historically woven with silk or cotton
and metallic thread to create songket designs. In other words, gold or silver thread is used to remove
or draw thread from the back of the woven cloth. Songket is connected with the Malay community, and
manufacturing songket is a relic of the past that is still commonly performed in Terengganu.
Interestingly, the songket has evolved into one of the many emblems associated with tourism-related
items, expressing Malaysia’s multiracial makeup to the rest of the world. This is also seen in structures
throughout Malaysia that have songket motifs. This distinctive fabric is typically utilized for ceremonial
occasions, such as bridal gowns, outfits for traditional dancers, and convocation robes. Until today,
numerous songket weavers continue to manufacture high-quality songket for aristocrats, dignitaries,
and ministers to use during special ceremonies. The purpose of this paper is to determine how far the
songket has evolved into a tourism product in Terengganu and whether this legacy lives on among the
younger generation. This study employs qualitative methodologies such as face-to-face interviews with
the heritage officers and songket-weaver and secondary data analysis. The findings of this study
indicate that the songket attracts tourists to Terengganu, especially while also providing an income
stream for businesspeople.

Keywords: Cultural heritage, Intangible heritage, Songket, Safeguarding, Measures

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

77

A BASELINE STUDY OF MICROPLASTICS IN INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
OF UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS

SOH HUEY YENG1
NOORLIN MOHAMAD1

1 Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia.

Abstract

Airborne microplastics (MPs) has become a great concern in public due to their potential exposure to
human health. However, the studies regarding airborne microplastics remains limited, particularly in
indoor environment. In this study, we investigated the presence of microplastics in four different building
types (office, classroom, library, and laboratory) in a university in Terengganu, Malaysia. Indoor air
samples were identified visually according to their physical characteristics such as shape and colour.
Fiber was the predominant shape followed by fragment. Various colours of microplastics such as black,
blue, grey, red, green, and transparent have been observed. The results of this study could provide
additional information for further investigations of microplastics especially in the atmosphere, to better
understand their sources and potential human exposure.

Keywords: Airborne microplastic; Indoor; Fiber; Abundance

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

78

CUSTOMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR TELE-COMMUNICATION
AND INTERNET SERVICES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN
HOUSEHOLD AND COMPANY DEMAND BEFORE AND DURING

COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

AKBAR ALI ABD KADIR
NORLIDAWAHI ABD WAHAB

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstract

In the era of globalization, telecommunications and internet services are very important and become a
necessity goods. Through the use of telecommunications and internet services, the world is like a
borderless and communication system becomes easier. Malaysian is one of the countries in Southeast
Asia which recorded the highest use of internet services and according to Internet User Survey (IUS),
conducted by Malaysian Communication & Multimedia Commission (MCMC), the percentage of internet
users at national level increased from 76.9 percent in 2016 to 87.4 percent in 2018. This increasing
trend continues in 2019 to 90.1 percent and is expected to continue to increase in 2020. With the rapid
growth of giant tele-communications companies in Malaysia such as CELCOM, MAXIS, DIGI and
TELEKOM, it has proved that the demand for tele-communication and internet services in Malaysian is
very high. The Covid-19 pandemic has shocked and had a major contraction in the world economy in
most major sectors. This is due to the 'lockdown' action that many countries have to take to curb the
spread of this pandemic. In our surprise with the contraction in global economic growth, tele-
communications companies are emerging with various promotions for telecommunication products and
internet services. The question is to what extent the covid-19 pandemic has opened up space for
telecommunications companies continue to grow and what is the value of consumer willingness to pay
(WTP) to get this service. Therefore, this study aims to examine the value of consumer willingness to
pay (WTP) on tele-communication and internet services by comparing the value of WTP before and
during Covid-19 pandemics. This study also attempts to examine the impact of the covid-19 pandemic
on the increasing demand for tele-communications & internet services as well as its contribution to the
recovery of the Malaysian economy.

Keywords : Tele-Communication, Internet, Lockdown & Covid-19 Pandemic.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

79

METADISCOURSE IN ACADEMIC WRITING OF PRE-UNIVERSITY
MALAYSIAN AT AN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN MALAYSIA

MUHAMAD KHAIRUL ZAKARIA*1
FARIDAH ABDUL MALIK2
ZAHARIAH PILUS2
NUR SHAHIDA ZAKARIA1

1Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu
2International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak Campus

Abstract

Writing proficiency enables pupils to be more effective in their studies. It is critical for an author to use
proper metadiscourse markers in order to produce intelligible writing and achieve high-quality writing.
However, there is a scarcity of research on the usage of metadiscourse markers, particularly among
Malaysian students. As a result, this research was conducted at the International Islamic University
Malaysia among 50 Pre-University Malaysians (IIUM). The research sought to ascertain the prevalence
of metadiscourse indicators in these students’ academic writings. This research also examined the
various types of metadiscourse used by the relevant group of student authors. According to the results
of this research, Malaysian authors used three of the five kinds of interactive metadiscourse markers at
a higher rate: transition, evidentials, and code glosses. It was also discovered that the most often
employed interactional metadiscourse markers by Malaysian authors are self-mentions. A detailed
examination indicated that Malaysian authors were more likely to value interactive metadiscourse
indicators than interactional resources. It may be beneficial for English language instructors to include
cultural concerns about metadiscourse markers into their curriculum in order to design appropriate
resources depending on their students’ requirements and to raise students’ understanding of the
significance of these linguistic elements.

Keywords / Kata kunci: metadiscourse, second language writers, academic writing, Interactive
metadiscourse, Interactional metadiscourse

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

80

MANGROVE BELOWGROUND BIOMASS AND CARBON STORAGE IN
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU (UMT) CAMPUS

MOHAMAD IKHWAN SAMSUDIN1
SITI MARIAM MUHAMMAD NOR1,2,3*

1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia.

2Mangrove Research Unit (MARU), Institute of Oceanography and Environment (INOS) Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

3Coastal and Mangrove Mitigation Group (COASMAG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment,
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Abstract

Mangroves are important coastal ecosystem in mitigating global warming through significant carbon
storage. This forest can store carbon five times larger than other terrestrial forest, however the
mangrove carbon storage knowledge is remained limited in Malaysia. This study was carried out to
estimate belowground biomass of mangrove trees at Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. A 0.2 ha plot
perpendicular to the shoreline was established at UMT mangrove area. An ingrowth core was used to
collect fine and coarse roots of the mangrove trees. Both fine and coarse roots were oven dried and
weighed to obtain the dry weight biomass. In this study, belowground biomass was estimated according
to distance from seaward and landward, distance from tree base and also according to the soil depth.
From the result, 38.9 ± 1.10 t ha⁻¹ of total belowground biomass was recorded whereas the coarse root
was higher than fine root, 34.7 ± 1.06 t ha⁻¹ and 4.44 ± 0.11 t ha⁻¹ respectively. The highest fine root
biomass was recorded at subplot 1 which is close to the seaward, 1.5 ± 0.17 t ha⁻¹ whilst the lowest
fine root biomass was recorded at subplot 4 close to landward site, 0.9 ± 0.2 t ha⁻¹. In contrast, coarse
root biomass recorded higher close to the landward, 10.4 ± 2.43 t ha⁻¹. Based on the tree distance,
both fine and coarse roots showed the highest biomass at the distance closest to the tree base.
According to the soil depth, fine root biomass showed decreasing trend where the fine roots biomass
significantly declined with the soil depth, (P˂0.05). However, coarse root biomass does not show any
significant trend, (P = 0.072). Relationship between belowground biomass and parameters such as pH,
dissolved oxygen, soil temperature and salinity were also investigated. This study provides important
data to recommend better management for mangrove preservation and protection in UMT campus.

Keywords: Mangroves ecosystem, belowground biomass, carbon storage, global warming, salinity

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

81

FAKTOR-FAKTOR POTENSI KEUPAYAAN PENYERAPAN INOVASI
SOSIAL DALAM KALANGAN AKADEMIA.

NURHAZLIYANA HANAFI1&2
JALALUDDIN ABDUL MALEK2

1University Malaysia Terengganu
2Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Abstrak

Inovasi Sosial merupakan amalan baharu untuk mengurangkan jurang antara keperluan masyarakat
dan pembangunan teknologi canggih dalam masyarakat. Penerapan inovasi sosial diukur berdasarkan
keupayaan penyerapan (ACAP) inovasi sosial akademia dalam pembanguan pengetahuan dan inovasi.
Terdapat dua elemen dalam keupayaan penyerapan iaitu keupayaan penyerapan potensi (PAC) dan
keupayaan penyerapan kesedaran (RAC). Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada keupayaan penyerapan
potensi dalam kalangan akademia iaitu analisis pada peringkat individu. Justeru, kajian keupayaan
penyerapan potensi inovasi sosial dijalankan terhadap 237 penyelidik universiti. Kaedah kuantitatif
digunakan dalam kajian melalui pengumpulan data menggunakan borang soal selidik. Data yang
diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 25 dan PLS-SEM 3.0. Hasil kajian
mendapati lima faktor utama dalam PAC iaitu keupayaan pengetahuan, keupayaan pembelajaran,
keupayaan pembangunan, keupayaan jalinan dan keupayaan kesosialan. Dapatan menunjukkan
kesahan data dan kebolehpercayaan apabila nilai beban faktor adalah melebihi 0.6, purata varian
terekstrak (AVE) melebihi 0.5, kebolehpercayaan komposit dan nilai cronbach alpha adalah melebihi
0.7. Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan data yang diperolehi memberi impak kepada literatur tentang
inovasi sosial dan faktor keupayaan potensi dalam keupayaan penyerapan inovasi sosial akademia.

Kata kunci: Keupayaan Penyerapan, Keupayaan Penyerapan Potensi, Inovasi Sosial

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

82

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH STATUS AMONG
ACADEMICIANS IN UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA TERENGGANU (UMT)

KHAIRIL SHAZMIN KAMARUDIN*1
MARZIHAH MAMAT1
LEE YI YI2
ASMA’ ALI1

NOORSALIHAH ZAKARIA1
HAYATI MOHD YUSOF1

1School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
2Division of Nutrition &amp; Dietetics, School of Health Sciences
International Medicine University (IMU) Kuala Lumpur

ABSTRACT

Academic members of universities are a group of learned individuals who are in charge of disseminating
knowledge. Previous research found that most lecturers were inactive and their jobs were sedentary
with minimum involvement in physical activity. The aim of this research is to determine the level of
physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health status (BMI &amp; blood pressure) of lecturers from
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to
determine the respondent’s physical activity level (PAL) and sedentary behaviour. Anthropometry
measurements such as weight and height were measured to determine body mass index (BMI). Blood
pressure was measured according to standard protocol. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS) software version 23.0 was used to analyse the data. Respondents in this study spent a median
of 270 MET minutes per week in total physical activity which mainly involved physical activity related to
leisure time (160 MET minutes per week) and work related physical activity (40 MET minutes per week).
Approximately, 77.7% of respondents engaged in low PAL followed by moderate PAL (19.1%) and
3.2% high PAL. Majority of respondents (72.3 percent) do not meet the World Health Organization’s
(WHO) physical activity recommendations. Respondents spent (median=360 minutes) of sedentary
behaviour per day. 69.1% of the respondents have normal BMI, while 24.5% of them were overweight.
Most of the respondents (70.2%) have normal systolic blood pressure and 75.5% of them have normal
diastolic blood pressure. Total physical activity MET-minutes per week showed a significant correlation
with BMI (r=0.208, p=0.044), but no significant correlation was found between total physical activity
MET-minutes per week with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p&gt;0.05). Sedentary behaviour
showed no significant correlation with health status of respondents (p&gt;0.05). As conclusion, most
academician involved in this study have low physical activity level and there was a significant
relationship found between total physical activities with body mass index (BMI) of respondents.

Keywords / Kata kunci: Physical activity, Sedentary Behaviour, Health Status, Academician, BMI.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

83

ACCUMULATION OF TRACE METALS IN SOIL ASSOCIATED WITH
DECOMPOSITION OF BURIED CADAVER

LEONG WOAN SHIN
SITI SOFO BINTI ISMAIL
MAISARAH BINTI JAAFAR*
Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia.

Abstract

A buried cadaver can affect the surrounding soil upon decomposition. A control laboratory experiment
was carried out to mimic a shallow buried grave. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of a
buried cadaver on the soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), soil moisture and the concentration of total
and available trace elements. The abdomen parts of fatty flesh were buried in soil for a 120 days burial
period. 2 replicates of soil samples with and without flesh (control) were collected at each 16 sampling
points, which represent 5 different decomposition stages. Then, the soil samples were measured for
their physical parameters (pH, organic matter and moisture) and concentrations of total and bioavailable
fractions of trace elements. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration
of trace elements namely, chromium, copper, manganese, zinc, and iron. The soil pH and organic
matter levels were greater at the beginning of the experiment but decreased by the end. All trace
elements were found in various levels in both flesh and control samples throughout the five stages of
decomposition. Interestingly, trace element concentrations in the total and bioavailable fractions were
found to be higher as decomposition progressed, indicating that the decomposition process had altered
the soil chemistry of the surrounding environment. As a result, such conditions may generate a nutrient
pocket for vegetation uptake, making chemical analysis of nutrient response in soil and vegetation
useful for forensic investigation.

Keywords: Decomposition, buried cadaver, trace metals, accumulation, AAS

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

84

AN OVERVIEW ON EXPERIENTIAL ONLINE LEARNING OF
LANGUAGE IN THE AGE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

CHE WAN IDA RAHIMAH CHE WAN IBRAHIM*

English Language Learning Centre
Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education

University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)

Abstract
Globalisation is leading to the transformation of online experiential learning into a discipline that is
increasingly emphasised in the current world of language education especially during the current
pandemic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify literature that is relevant to online experiential
learning for second languages and to gather evidence on the importance of online experiential learning
practises towards 21st century student development, regardless of a pandemic. A literature review was
conducted using a selected database, and the search terms were focused on "language learning
students," "second language education," "online learning," "experiential learning," and "experiential
learning online." The literature review is limited to peer-reviewed publications in English, between 2011
and 2021, and includes research studies and scholarly opinions. A review of the literature found that
twenty-six relevant articles were identified, identifying factors increasing the need to effectively guide
the practise of online experiential learning in second language education. The literature also proves
that, if students are clear about the purpose of language learning through online experiences and are
motivated when instructors model experiential learning practices, they will certainly be more successful
in practising these important skills for lifelong success—in academic, personality, and career
development.

Keywords: Experiential Learning, second language, online learning, motivation, lifelong learning

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

85

EXAMINING THE USE OF MOBILE LEARNING IN MANDARIN FOREIGN
LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION

NURUL AIN CHUA* 1
GOH YING SOON2

1Center for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
2Academy of Language Studies, UiTM Terengganu

ABSTRACT

Malaysians are now prepared to embrace mobile learning. Malaysia’s mobile users are fully embracing
the concept of getting connected everywhere at any time. This is proven by a survey conducted by the
Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission. The report shows a high figure for Malaysia's
mobile phone subscriptions for every hundred people and most of the users subscribe to more than one
mobile-cellular network. This indicates that mobile phones have become indispensable mobile devices
for Malaysians, particularly the younger generation, and that they offer enormous potential for mobile
learning. As the educational forerunner, the implementation of mobile-assisted learning in higher
education can serve as a catalyst for quality human capital development, particularly through the
instructional process. There is a lot of research in Mandarin foreign language instruction about how
technology can help with Mandarin learning. The Mandarin students' speaking ability, on the other hand,
was found not as good as their writing performance. Thus, the current concept paper aims to explore
to what extent mobile learning affects Mandarin language instruction and what the existing factors are
for enhancing students’ speaking ability.

Keywords: Mobile-Assisted Language Learning; Mandarin Foreign Language Instruction, speaking

Achievement

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

86

THE LOGICAL EVIDENCE IN ENCOURAGING MARINE LIFE
PRESERVATION AMONG YOUTH

NURUL HIDAYAH MAT*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

ABSTRACT

A limited view of the relationship between persuasive communication of the visual rhetoric and the
general public’s perspectives on marine life preservation has resulted in the deliberate effort among
media practitioners in Malaysia. A key problem in Malaysia is the minimum discussion and minimum
use of media platforms in constructing evidence about the marine life extinction issue and disseminate
this alarming crisis to the general public. This paper analysed the rhetorical elements in eco-
documentaries that encourage youth to preserve marine life. The examinations of two documentaries,
international and local production in the effort to raise public awareness of marine life conservation were
found. Six focus-group discussions were conducted among Malaysian young generations from three
different populations consist of (i) the urban area, (ii) the rural area and (iii) the coastal area, in order to
explore their documentary viewing experiences. This study focuses on rational appeal (logos) and found
that this rhetorical element was significant in raising marine life preservation. This finding established
the effectiveness of this rhetorical tool in enhancing the credibility of the message claims made by the
characters in the eco-documentary through (i) the image and (ii) the written facts. These elements
brought a deeper understanding of the different groups of people, especially in terms of the English
language for Malaysians, a factor not debated in previous studies.

Keywords: Persuasive Communication; Rhetorical Elements; Visual Rhetoric; Marine Life Preservation;
Eco-Documentary

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

87

KEPERCAYAAN DAN AMALAN PENGAJARAN DAN
PEMBELAJARAN (PdP) GURU BAHASA CINA SEBAGAI BAHASA

KEDUADI ERA PANDEMIK COVID-19

NABIHAH ALIA ABD RAHMAN*
NURUL AIN CHUA ABDULLAH

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstrak:

Kepercayaan guru memainkan peranan signifikan dalam menentukan tingkah laku, polisi dan amalan
pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) serta perkembangan pelajar. Di era pandemik Covid-19, guru
merupakan barisan hadapan yang perlu bersiap sedia dengan pelbagai kemungkinan dalam
menjalankan amanah dan tugas. Justeru, sejauh manakah pendidikan dalam norma baharu ini
mempengaruhi pengajaran bahasa Cina sebagai bahasa kedua. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan
menyelidik dan merungkai persoalan amalan PdP guru bahasa Cina sebagai bahasa kedua dalam
musim pandemik ini. Apakah amalan, kepercayaan guru dan cabaran yang dihadapi? Kajian naratif
inkuiri melalui temu bual secara mendalam telah dijalankan terhadap enam guru bahasa Cina yang
dipilih secara persampelan mudah dari beberapa institusi pengajian tinggi dalam negara. Data
dianalisis secara kualitatif dan didapati para guru menggunakan pelbagai aplikasi teknologi sebagai
medium PdP. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa isu seperti kekangan masa, capaian internet terhad serta
suasana pembelajaran yang kurang kondusif. Kesignifikan kajian menunjukkan PdP dalam talian
menggalakkan pelajar mengawal pembelajaran secara kendiri dan mendorong guru berfikiran kreatif
dan inovatif. Konklusinya, kajian ini bertujuan meningkatkan keberkesanan amalan PdP guru bahasa
Cina sebagai bahasa kedua dalam musim pandemik Covid-19. Perkongsian maklumat ini diharapkan
dapat memantapkan kepercayaan guru dan meningkatkan amalan profesionalisme keguruan guru
bahasa Cina.

Kata Kunci: Amalan PdP pandemik covid 19, bahasa Cina sebagai bahasa kedua,
keyakinan guru

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

88

INSPIRING FUTURE MUSLIM SCIENTISTS: EXPERIENCES AND
APPROACHES THROUGH UMT FUTURE SCIENTIST PROGRAM

ASYRAF HJ AB RAHMAN
ZAMZAHAILA MOHD ZIN

ROSYATI AB RASHID
SYARIFAH NOORMAISARAH TUAN BESAR

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

ABSTRACT

The term Ulul Albab is mentioned 16 times in the Quran. It refers to those or a generation who have the
strength of mind, mastery of science, philosophy and technology. This generation is able to contribute
to the excellence of the ummah and to propose ideas and insights in solving problems, maximizing the
thinking ability and to be more creative and innovative. In response to the idea, Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu (UMT) through Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education (PPAL) took the
initiative by organizing the UMT Future Scientist Program. The main objective of the program is to
develop the potential of young asnaf zakat students from the primary school in Terengganu. The
program runs for two days aims to provide students an initial exposure to the importance of science and
Islamic values in life, religious encouragement towards scientific exploration, as well as the mastery of
foreign languages The notion of these items reflects its significant value as a main communication
tool of the 21st century. UMT's efforts in organizing this program is based on its niche and strength in
science, technology, Islamic civilization, languages and counseling. This program which started since
2016 to 2019 has successfully nurtured students' interest in science nd learning foreign languages. The
overall evaluation given by the participants is 85.6% which indicates the success of the program. The
cooperation provided by t schools and NGO which supported the program has also helped in increasing
the involvement of students among the to get exposure from the motivational program. Findings show
that there are positive impacts of the program on students and the schools in general. The response
towards the program is so encouraging that there is a demand for such programs to be held in future.

Keywords: Ulul Albab, muslim scienties

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

89

COHESION AND COHERENCE IN WRITTEN ACADEMIC TEXTS OF
MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

WAN ZULKIFLI WAN KASSIM*
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

Abstract

A text is considered well-written when its readability is high. Text readability is influenced by several
factors, the main two being cohesion and coherence. When cohesion and coherence exist in a text,
readability improves, and when they do not, readability weakens. In light of such importance of cohesion
and coherence, their use in written texts of students needs to be examined, so that appropriate
pedagogical implications can be decided. Therefore, this study investigated the use of cohesion and
coherence in written academic texts of Malaysian university students. This study sought to identify how
the students incorporated into their writing the different types of cohesion and coherence ties. To this
end, this study employed Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) cohesion theory and Oshima and Hogue’s (2006)
set of coherence conventions. The method used in this study was qualitative descriptive research. The
texts used for analysis were written by 57 students from a public university in Terengganu, Malaysia.
They wrote the texts as part of their class assignments for academic writing course. The texts were
qualitatively analysed to identify the students’ use of the different cohesive ties including reference ties,
lexical ties, conjunctive ties, substitution ties, and ellipsis ties. Also identified were the different
coherence ties such as repetition of key nouns, use of consistent pronouns, use of transition signals,
and arrangement of ideas in logical order. The study’s findings and pedagogical implications will be
discussed.

Keywords: readability, cohesion and coherence, Malaysian students

* Corresponding author: [email protected]