Buku Program Madani 2021

90

CHALLENGES OF TEACHING AND LEARNING AL QURAN SUBJECTS
(ONLINE) DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

SITI RASHIDAH ABD RAZAK
NORAINI MOHAMAD
SITI ZALEHA IBRAHIM

SYAMIM ZAKWAN ROSMAN

Pusat Pengajian Teras,Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor (KUIS)

Abstract

Talaqqī mushāfahah is one of the methods implemented in the teaching and learning of the Quran.
This process is usually done face to face. During the teaching and learning process lecturer recites
the selected verses first. After that, the students will follow the lecturer's recitation en masse. Hence,
the lecturer will show the selected tajwid on the verses that have been read. Then students will read
their readings one by one in front of the lecturer. Typically, the lecturer will correct the student reading
directly one by one. The lecturer will also ask some of the rules of tajwid during the process. Through
the face-to-face reading process, lecturers can identify achievement, know students' reading level,
correct mistakes, improve the awareness and skills of each student and then classify students
according to their reading level. During the post-Covid-19 pandemic, face-to-face teaching and
learning could not be carried out offline. Alternatively, teaching methods had to be carried out online.
The study was conducted where the findings were obtained from library sources as well as the results
of questionnaires that were distributed to students and al-Quran lecturers in Department of Islamic
Understanding and Thought, Core Studies Center, KUIS . This study poses some constraints
because students can not focus on the corrections made by the lecturer while the lecturer can not
hear the students' reading clearly.In addition to the constraints of internet accessibility on both sides
leads the situation worse. The result may help the two parties to acknowledge the challenges faced
between both and to minimize the problems occurred.

Keywords: Movement Control Order (MCO), Teaching and Learning from home (PdPR), learning,
dropout, COVID-19

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

91

TOOLS, MACHINES AND SOFTWARE USED FOR INCREASING THE
SPEED OF READING

SALAHUD DIN ABDUL-RAB*1
SAMSIAH ABDUL-HAMID2
RAIHANA ROMLY2

1PhD. Fellow, Applied Linguistics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Faculty Member, Department of English, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
2English Language Learning Centre, University of Malaysia, Terengganu, Malaysia

Abstract
The present study aims to concentrate on the tools, machines, and software applications used to
increase reading speed. There has been a need for modernization of the old-fashioned machines in
the field of speed reading. Several practical steps have already been taken since the last three
decades of the twentieth century, and several outdated speed-reading tools and various equipment
types have already been replaced by quite a few speed-reading software programs and mobile
applications. The earliest speed-reading tools are reading pacing machines, which work on various
simple to advanced technological principles. Different types of machines are also used for tracking the
movements of eyes in the form of saccades and fixations during reading. Several speed-increasing
software tools use the powerful text processing technique called the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation
(RSVP). Many of these tools have demonstrated significant productivity gains in both speed and
comprehension of learners. However, as there is a great diversity of these tools, there is a need to
choose the right combination, considering the diversity among learners. Though the progress that has
been made in developing these tools since the inception is quite encouraging, there is still room for
improvements in terms of making the process of speed reading closer to natural reading.

Keywords: Speed Reading, EFL, Reading Comprehension, Reading Skill, Reading Speed.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

92

PERBANDINGAN PEMIKIRAN KETATANEGARAAN MELAYU ISLAM
BERAJA ANTARA TEKS TAJ AL-SALATIN DAN BUSTAN AL-
SALATIN

SHAH RUL ANUAR NORDIN

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn (UTHM), Johor

Abstrak

Para sarjana telah banyak mengkaji aspek ketatanegaraan daripada pelbagai sudut pandangan dan
menerbitkan sejumlah hasil kajian dalam jurnal dan buku mereka. Dalam konteks masyarakat Melayu
lama, antara karya terbesar yang membicarakan tentang aspek ketatanegaraan menurut perspektif
Islam ialah Taj al Salatin (1603M) dan Bustan al-Salatin (1641M). Justeru, kajian ini cuba untuk
mengenalpasti dan membandingkan pemikiran pengarang kitab-kitab tersebut bagi konteks dunia
Melayu Islam Nusantara. Metod analisis tematik digunakan untuk meneliti kitab Taj al-Salatin dan
Bustan al-Salatin. Hasil dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa kedua-dua kitab tersebut dilihat
mempunyai beberapa persamaan dan perbezaan dalam membincangkan idea tentang
ketatanegaraan. Ada pemikiran pengarang kitab tersebut yang sama antara satu sama lain dan ada
yang berbeza. Perbezaannya tidak ketara malahan amat kecil. Di sini, latarbelakang pengarang,
persekitaran dan budaya penulisan di abad ke 17 M pada pendapat pengkaji banyak memberi
sumbangan kepada hal tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Ketatanegaraan, Melayu, Islam, Taj al-Salatin, Bustan al-Salatin

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

93

PELAKSANAAN DAN CABARAN PENGAJARAN DAN
PEMBELAJARAN DI RUMAH (PDPR) DI SEKOLAH AGAMA DAERAH

KUBANG PASU, KEDAH.

RUKHAIYAH ABD. WAHAB
SHARIFAH ISMAIL

RAFIDAH MOHAMAD CUSAIRI
Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM)

Abstrak

Covid-19 telah memberi impak yang besar kepada pelbagai sektor di seluruh dunia, termasuklah
sektor pendidikan. Impak ini memberi kesan kepada para pendidik dalam melaksanakan pengajaran
dan pembelajaran di rumah (PdPR). PdPR harus dilaksanakan bagi memastikan pelajar tidak
ketinggalan walaupun dunia berdepan dengan pandemik Covid-19. Oleh itu, satu kaji selidik telah
dijalankan di mana persoalan dan objektif kajian adalah berkisarkan tentang pelaksanaan dan
cabaran PdPR. Kaji selidik telah dilakukan di lima buah sekolah agama di daerah Kubang Pasu yang
melibatkan 77 orang guru. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa guru telah melaksanakan PdPR walaupun
mereka menghadapi pelbagai cabaran dalam melaksanakan PdPR seperti kesukaran berinteraksi
dengan murid, sukar mendapat perhatian daripada murid dan akses internet yang terhad. Dalam
usaha untuk memperkasakan PdPR, para guru amatlah memerlukan sokongan dari pelbagai pihak
termasuklah ibubapa, pelajar, sekolah, NGO yang bernaung, kerajaan negeri Kedah dan Malaysia.
Oleh itu, dapatan kajian ini amatlah penting kepada pihak sekolah dan sektor Pendidikan Islam untuk
mengkaji dan membuat penambahbaikan PdPR agar objektif pendidikan tercapai.

Kata kunci: PdPR, guru sekolah agama, e- pembelajaran, pelaksanaan, cabaran

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

94

DELIVERY AND COMPETENCE OF FAMILY HAKAM IN RESOLVING
MATRIMONIAL DISPUTES

RAFIDAH MOHAMAD CUSAIRI

Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM)

Abstract

Conflicts and disagreements are part and parcel of a married life. As revealed in the Qur’an the best
way to resolve conflict in family is by the efforts of the spouses themselves. In the event of failure to
restore harmony between the spouses, Islam laid out other remedies from outside the conjugal home
where competent third parties are available to assist in resolving the conflict. In Malaysia, provisions
relating to third party intervention can be found, for instance, under sections 47 and 48 of Part V on
the Dissolution of Marriage of the Islamic Family Law (Selangor) Enactment 2003. The sections
respectively provide clauses for conciliatory committee and arbitration. The courts, under s. 48 will
appoint two hakam (arbitrators) to act for the husband and the wife. In agreement with the Islamic law
of Tahkim, it is recommended that where possible, for a hakam to be from among the family of the
spouses. This paper seeks to examine first, the role of Family Hakam in a Tahkim process and,
second, the competency and performance of Family Hakam in resolving disputes between spouses.
To achieve this, apart from library research, a minor fieldwork was conducted at Shah Alam Syariah
Subordinate Court. 20 case files involving settlement reached through tahkim sessions were
examined. Separate interviews with Syariah Court Judge as well as ‘court-annexed’ hakam were also
carried out. The findings provisionally suggest a failure of Family Hakam during the first stage of
Tahkim to resolve disputes and reconcile breaking relationships. This resulted in a second procedure
of Tahkim involving ‘court-annexed’ hakam to either reconcile the parties or dissolve the marriage.
More importantly, the study also revealed that personal ties could influence a Tahkim process. In
most cases, the Hakam were ‘clouded’ with personal feelings such as sympathy towards the parties.
Furthermore, the peace attempt is complicated with both spouses trying to win over their
representative i.e. Hakam. In conclusion, despite the recommendation in the statute to prioritise family
member as hakam, it is equally important to review the procedure involving Family Hakam to ensure a
successful process while keeping family honour intact.

Keyword: family hakam, mediation, arbitration, med-arb, Selangor Islamic Family Law Enactment

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

95

GENDER-SPECIFIC BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE AND THE READING
COMPREHENSION OF TWO CULTURALLY FAMILIAR AND
UNFAMILIAR TEXTS AMONG SAUDI EFL LEARNERS

USMAN SHAH TOTI1
SAMSIAH ABDUL HAMID2

1College of Education, Department of English, Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Abstrak

To read a comprehension between reader and text, cultural schemas play a key role (Alptekin, 2006;
Johnson, 1981; Pritchard, 1990; Steffensen, Chitra, & Anderson, 1979). To understand the cultural
knowledge and to construct meaning, the reader requires an interaction. Respondents who linked
their personal and sociocultural experiences to the texts performed better in analyzing and
interpreting the texts. This study is an attempt to investigate the background and relationship between
Saudi EFL learners' gender-specific text-based cultural and the reading comprehension. Through
purposive sampling technique, a total of 120 EFL second year undergraduate students (60 male & 60
female) majoring in English from Majmaah University participated in this study. Two different tests of
reading comprehension were given to all of the participants: culturally familiar topics and culturally
unfamiliar topics. The results showed that the mean scores of all groups on culturally familiar reading
tests were greater than their mean scores on reading tests with unfamiliar content. The results of the
study revealed that due to cultural background knowledge the L2 English learners with high linguistic
knowledge performed significantly better in reading comprehension. This study used the independent
t-test for statistical analysis to determine frequencies, percentages and interpretation of the data. To
explore the multi-cultural materials that influence EFL readers' reading comprehension is needed for
further study and investigating the future perspective of this research. There are theoretical and
pedagogical implications of this research in the EFL context.

Keywords: cultural schemata, gender-specific background knowledge, reading comprehension,

language proficiency

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

96

A FRAMEWORK FOR EMPOWERING WOMEN OF TERENGGANU VIA
HYBRID ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING

AZZA JAUHAR AHMAD TAJUDDIN
SURIA HANI IBRAHIM
RAIHANA ROMLY

English Language Learning Centre,
Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.

Abstract

The Malays are Terengganu largest ethnic group, accounting for over 95% of the population. English
language is treated as a foreign language and rural cultural settings affected English language
proficiency. This project offers a successful ongoing community-based model of how partnership
between university and several women local authority units addressing the issue of anxiety to speak
in English. Five women leaders and twenty members of community, together with three experts were
included to develop the model via face-to-face and online teaching and learning sessions. Soft
systems methodology (SSM) was applied to tackle the issue of empowering women in Terengganu by
improving their English language communication skills. At the end of the SSM process, the
Empowering Women of Terengganu via English Language Learning Framework was introduced as a
clear guide for the application and implementation of English communication modules. Results from
the execution of Empowering Women in Terengganu Module showed that SSM can help instructors
and policy makers of Malaysian organisations is making a sound judgement in cultivating English
Language in hybrid method, and help to develop Terengganu women’s potential to be more confident
in using English.

Keyword: Community-based learning, English as L2, empowering women leaders

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

97

COMMUNITY-BASED ESL MODULE: WHAT WORKS AND WHAT DOES
NOT

SURIA HANI IBRAHIM
AZZA JAUHAR AHMAD TAJUDDIN

RAIHANA ROMLY

English Language Learning Centre,
Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.

Abstract

There are firm beliefs that English is one of the most vital global languages and being proficient in
English leads to lengthened career opportunities, salary increases, and improved standard in society.
It is crucial in defining and providing a rationale for the creation of community-based English module.
A key challenge given to develop an interactive English learning strategy for ESL learners is to
increase their interest and participation with particular emphasis on low levels of functional English
proficiency. Even with unintentional links to continuous challenges along its execution, this article
offers an approach applied in an efficacious community-based English as Second Language (ESL)
module where one university-local authority partnership addresses both academic and community
goals. With twelve members of community, together with three educators involved in developing the
Empowering Women in Terengganu (EWiT) Module where seven topics were chosen based on the
needs analysis from target group, theoretical discussion on linguistics strategies and challenges faced
in developing the module is due. The educators found the experience invaluable to their pedagogical
development in establishing a community whose members actively communicate in English while
developing their assertiveness and critical thinking. Hence this article offers direction for how to
establish and expand such a module or program where teacher education programs or English
language faculty or departments can employ this approach to community-based English language
teaching, by providing efficient, sustained English language teaching wherever it is needed.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

98

INTERIOR AND ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS IN MALAY
HERITAGE: CASE STUDY OF MELAKA MALAY TRADITIONAL

HOUSE

NOORUL HUDA MOHD RAZALI
MOHAMMED FADZLI MAHARIMI
SITI NURATIRAH CHE MOHD NASIR

SALMIAH AZIZ

Department of Interior Architecture
Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Kelantan

Abstract

The major elements that associates in Malay Traditional house (MTH) are culture, customs and
heritage. These elements need to be learn and appreciate by the next generations. The Malay daily
life and the living environment is perfect combinations where these social interactions have adapted in
the spaces of the house. The spatial also very well organized by the old generations people which
followed their basic living needs and religious belief. Those adaptations can be seen by looking at the
unique of the house structure and the harmonious in the house spatial which connected with the
nature and surrounding environment, also blend it together with the culture and customs. These
connections have transformed into the house spatial organization and the interior architectural
elements. The MTH mainly resided by the Malay people, who practices Islam as their religious belief.
Therefore, the interior architectural elements are very important in Malay Traditional house as a
demarcation and barrier where need to control the visual of the guests. This paper discussed about
the interior architectural elements based from the case study in Melaka which related direct or
indirectly to the theme of the conference. The research method employs on-site observations, spatial
measurements and semi-structured interviews with the residents. The result reveals the interior space
planning demarcation and the applications of various architectural elements.

Keywords : Malay Traditional House, Culture, Heritage, Interior Architectural Elements, Spatial
Organization

99

SAIDATINA ‘AISYAH BINTI ABU BAKAR R.A : ILMUAN RUJUKAN
SEPANJANG ZAMAN

AISYAH BINTI DOLLAH@ABDULLAH
ABDUL HANIS BIN EMBONG
NAJIHAH ABDUL MUTALIB

RUZAINI SULAIMAN@ABD RAHIM
ISMAR LIZA MAHANI ISMAIL
NURUL AIN CHUA ABDULLAH

1Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

Abstrak

Islam mengangkat martabat dan memuliakan kedudukan wanita. Namun begitu, ada yang
beranggapan bahawa kedudukan wanita dalam masyarakat muslim dilihat berada pada posisi kedua
selepas lelaki. Sejarah telah mencatatkan bahawa wanita di zaman Rasulullah SAW memiliki peranan
dan posisi yang penting. Antaranya adalah Saidatina ‘Aisyah binti Abu Bakar r.a yang terkenal
dengan kecerdasan dan keluasan ilmunya. Peranan terbesarnya adalah menyumbang kepada tradisi
perkembangan keilmuan Islam. Beliau sering menjadi rujukan para sahabat dan tabiin semasa hayat
dan setelah kewafatan Rasulullah SAW dalam berbagai isu dan permasalahan. Selain itu, rumahnya
juga berperanan sebagai madrasah yang melahirkan ramai tokoh ilmuan dari kalangan sahabat dan
tabiin baik dari kalangan lelaki mahupun wanita. Wawasan keilmuannya pula dalam berbagai bidang
meliputi ilmu tafsir, hadith, fiqh, kedoktoran dan sastera Arab. Justeru, artikel ini akan mengupas
tentang sumbangan serta keluasan wawasan ilmuan Saidatina ‘Aisyah r.a melalui riwayat para

sahabat dan tabiin.

Kata Kunci: Saidatina ‘Aisyah binti Abu Bakar r.a, madrasah, kecerdasan, wawasan keilmuan

100

MALAY WOOD CARVINGS IN FOUR TRADITIONAL TIMBER
PULPITS

JULAIHI WAHID1
AZLI ABDULLAH2
BASSIM SALLEH3
DONA ROSE AMER KOESMERI1

1Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Sarawak
2Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Kelantan

3Department of Architecture, College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ajman University, UAE

Abstract

The history of Malay wood carving is challenging to track down. The sophistication of the wood
carving design, however, has drawn the attention of many researchers. The documented history of
Malay carving motifs was first influenced by Hinduism. Malay carving motifs evolved and adapted to
Islam after the beginning of Islam. The same may be said about the motif and pattern of woodcarving
found on the mosque's pulpit. While there is a lot of literature on Malay woodcarving, there is hardly
any research on traditional Malay pulpit woodcarving. The carving motifs on traditional mosque pulpits
are investigated in this study. Case studies and observations were conducted on four traditional
mosque pulpits in Kelantan and Terengganu. The woodcarving motifs are digitized, and a
comparative analysis is performed using pictorial grids and repertory grids. Finally, a comparison
analysis describes the patterns and motifs of Malay wood carving in the traditional pulpit for future
inventory as well as for the historical record of four traditional pulpits in Kelantan and Terengganu.

Keywords : Malay, Wood Carving, Traditional Timber Pulpit, Kelantan and Terengganu

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

101

ANALYSIS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY AMONG
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN LEARNING THE MALAY LANGUAGE

MAZLINA AHMAD1
NOOR ROHANA MANSOR1
ROSWATI ABDUL RAHID1

CHO MIN SUNG2

1Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu
2Hankuk Foreign Studies University

Abstrak

Dalam menghadapi krisis pandemik COVID-19, keterlihatan alam maya semakin menjadi elemen
penting untuk mempromosi pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) bahasa asing di seluruh dunia di
peringkat pendidikan tinggi. Komunikasi alam maya juga merupakan bentuk komunikasi yang
memainkan peranan penting sebagai tapak perhubungan utama serta sumber maklumat utama bagi
para pelajar yang mempelajari bahasa asing yang terdiri daripada pelbagai latar budaya yang
berbeza. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan strategi komunikasi dalam talian yang
digunakan oleh pelajar asing dalam mempelajari bahasa Melayu (BM). Kajian ini merupakan kajian
kualitatif dengan menggunakan 10 orang peserta kajian yang merupakan pelajar antarabangsa yang
mempelajari bahasa Melayu di Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). Instrumen kajian terdiri
daripada video kuliah, video perbincangan dan ujian komunikasi lisan yang diadakan secara maya.
Selain itu, temu bual juga dijalankan untuk mendapatkan data sokongan. Dapatan kajian dianalisis
dengan menggunakan Strategi Komunikasi Antara Budaya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa
peserta kajian yang tidak mempunyai pengetahuan komunikasi BM dan memiliki pengetahuan
linguistik BM yang terhad didapati lebih kerap menggunakan strategi-strategi komunikasi berbanding
dengan peserta kajian yang mempunyai pengetahuan komunikasi BM. Pemilihan strategi komunikasi
yang tepat akan memberi keyakinan dan meningkatkan penguasaan pelajar untuk berkomunikasi
dengan lebih berkesan dalam BM. Antara strategi komunikasi yang diaplikasikan oleh pelajar ialah
strategi adaptasi perbezaan budaya, strategi himpunan kemahiran bahasa dan strategi
terjemahan. Kajian ini diharap dapat membekalkan satu makanisme bagi membantu para pensyarah
yang mengajar BM kepada pelajar asing memahami secara lebih mendalam berkenaan halangan
komunikasi BM bagi pelajar mempraktikkan penggunaan BM dengan lebih yakin dalam alam maya.

Keywords: Strategi Komunikasi, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu, Bahasa Melayu
Sebagai Bahasa Asing, pembelajaran bahasa asing, pembelajaran dalam talian

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

102

DASAR DAN PENDEKATAN POLITIK TUN ABDUL RAZAK: ANALISIS
TEKS AMANAT PRESIDEN UMNO 1970-1975.

SYAHRIN SAID*1
HAMDAN AZIZ1
MOHD MAHADEE ISMAIL2

1Jabatan Kenegaraan dan Ketamadunan, Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.

2Jabatan Pengajian Kenegaraan dan Ketamadunan, Fakulti Ekologi Manusia, Universiti Putra
Malaysia.

Abstrak

Tun Abdul Razak merupakan Perdana Menteri Malaysia yang kedua dan sebagai Presiden UMNO
yang ketiga. Beliau bukan sahaja seorang “innovator” yang dinamis dalam hal-hal pembangunan
negara tetapi juga pragmatis di peringkat antarabangsa. Perdana Menteri kedua Malaysia ini telah
merancang pelbagai pembaharuan dan menggubal dasar baharu dalam membangunkan negara
yang baharu sahaja mencapai kemerdekaan. Usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh beliau merupakan
batu asas kepada pembangunan yang dinikmati negara pada hari ini. Legasi yang ditinggalkan oleh
Tun Razak dalam merangka dasar politik, ekonomi dan sosial merupakan sumbangan terbesar dan
membuktikan kejayaannya sebagai pemimpin negara. Makalah ini bertujuan melihat semula dasar-
dasar negara yang tercetus dari ucapan Tun Abdul Razak dalam persidangan Agong UMNO sebagai
presiden UMNO. UMNO sebagai parti politik dominan negara memainkan peranan yang amat penting
dalam mencetuskan kehendak orang Melayu dan merealisasikan pembangunan negara. Ketetapan
yang lahir dari persidangan Agong UMNO kebiasaannya menjadi dasar dalam kerajaan yang diketuai
oleh UMNO dalam Barisan Nasional. Kajian ini berdasarkan kajian kualitatif yang melibatkan kajian
teks-teks ucapan Tun Razak sebagai presiden UMNO dari tahun 1970-1975.

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

103

PENGENALAN KEPADA ANALISIS PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT
TERHADAP MEK MULUNG

AZLINA MUSA*
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

ABSTRAK

Kertas kerja ini akan meneliti pengenalan kepada analisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap Mek Mulung
sebagai seni persembahan tradisional. Penganalisisan kajian ini merupakan suatu tindakan awal
melalui pemerhatian, survei dalam kalangan masyarakat menerusi borang soal selidik yang diedarkan
secara atas talian. Hasil survei yang telah dijalankan telah menerima 446 maklum balas responden
yang telah menyelesaikan soal selidik yang lengkap. Antara objektif kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk
meninjau persepsi masyarakat kini terhadap Mek Mulung. Disamping meneliti pengetahuan
masyarakat sekarang terhadap Mek Mulung. Selain itu meneliti sejauhmanakah penerimaan
masyarakat moden terhadap Mek Mulung. Hasil dapatan kajian yang dijalankan telah menunjukkan
persepsi positif dalam kalangan masyarakat terhadap Mek Mulung. Disamping reaksi dan sambutan
yang baik mengenai kepentingan Mek Mulung dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Meskipun kehidupan
kemodenan, namun Mek Mulung begitu berpotensi untuk terus maju dalam industri kebudayaan. Oleh
itu, pendokumentasian semula hasil dapatan kajian ini adalah diharap dapat menyumbangkan
sumber ilmiah yang boleh dijadikan sebagai rujukan kepada pengkaji pada masa akan datang.

Kata kunci: Mek Mulung, Persepsi Masyarakat, Ilmu Pengetahuan, Penerimaan, Kesedaran

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

104

ISU DAN PERMASALAHAN PERJANJIAN AIR DI MALAYSIA: KAJIAN
KES PERJANJIAN AIR ANTARA KEDAH DAN PERLIS, 1969-2020

MOHD FIRDAUS BIN ABDULLAH*

Abstrak

Isu Air antara Malaysia dan Singapura merupakan sebuah isu water politic yang semua orang tahu.
Malah ramai beranggapan konflik air antarabangsa berkenaan seolah-olah menunjukkan Malaysia
cuba melindungi kepentingan strategik mereka melalui perjanjian bekalan air yang berat sebelah dan
seolah-olah pada abad ke 21, dengan air akan menyebabkan peperangan akan berlaku. Namun
begitu, Malaysia seolah-olah tidak nampak dan membiarkan dengan masalah yang berlaku di
beberapa negeri mereka dalam perkara yang sama berkaitan. Sekiranya dibiarkan, bukan sahaja
perang di peringkat antarabangsa sahaja yang berlaku, malah di peringkat dalaman, negeri-negeri
akan berperang sama sendiri dalam pertikaian air yang tiada kesudahan. Negeri-negeri utara di
Malaysia, misalnya mempunyai konflik air yang tersendiri misalnya negeri Kedah dan Perlis.
Mengapa Perlis berusaha untuk memohon kebenaran Kedah menggunakan sumber air mentah dari
Empangan Muda sebagai strategi bekalan air mereka? Mengapa Kerajaan Perlis berusaha untuk
memeterai perjanjian bekalan air antara Kerajaan Kedah dalam tempoh yang dinyatakan?
Jawapannya ialah untuk kelancaran sosio ekonomi yang telah mendorong Kerajaan Perlis meraih
simpati Kerajaan Kedah dalam tujuan yang dinyatakan. Keadaan negeri Perlis yang mengalami
kekurangan sumber air mentah telah menyebabkan kerajaan negeri terpaksa menggunakan konsep
hubungan adik-abang dalam memohon bantuan kerajaan Kedah dalam hal yang dinyatakan. Maka
dengan itu, artikel ini ingin mempersembahkan bagaimana faktor bekalan air mempengaruhi tindakan
dan pemikiran Kerajaan Perlis sehingga termeterainya beberapa perjanjian bekalan air antara kedua-
dua negeri dalam tempoh yang dinyatakan. Kekuatan artikel ini ialah ianya menggunakan pendekatan
sejarah dalam mentafsir niat dan tindakan subjek sejarah dalam konteks bekalan air. Sememangnya
ianya telah memberi dimensi baharu dalam perbincangan mengenai isu air di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: Bekalan Air, Perlis, Kedah, Perjanjian Air, Politik Air

105

YOU READ YOU WRITE: A INTERVENTION PROGRAM TO HELP
IMPROVE AWS STUDENTS’ REFERENCING SKILLS

NADIA MOHD NAWI
ALYANI AYUB

CHAIZANI MOHD SHAMSUDIN
NOOR DURRAH FARAHI ALIAS

NORAINI MOHD SATTA
HAFIZAH AB HAMID

NOOR AZIDA AB WAHAB
HALIMATUS SAADIAH ABDUL RAHMAN*

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu

Abstract

In the Academic Writing Skills course, students are taught how to write an essay and how to do
correct referencing using the APA format. However, many students have difficulty in mastering
referencing skills, an essential skill for undergraduates. Furthermore, teachers have too many classes
to teach and time is very limited as each semester lasts for 14 weeks. Hence to help students
comprehend this referencing skill, the researchers decided to give an intervention activity called You
Read You Write. But before the intervention, the students were given a paragraph writing test as a
form of pre-test. Then the intervention in the form of 7 academically written paragraphs were given to
them in the span of 7 weeks via Google Form. In the forms they had to answer 10 comprehension
questions, four of which were on referencing and citing sources. At the end of the intervention, they
were again given the same test to see the changes in their writings. Both pre and post-tests were
reviewed and given marks and thereafter they were analysed using SPSS. The outcome was positive
and significant as there was an increase in marks in the post test. Though there are aspects of the
activity that need to be reexamined, the activity was still a success in helping students write better
references. Furthermore, as this intervention activity was never done in this course, it is highly
recommended for the instructors of this course to continue doing this practice in the future.

Keywords/Kata Kunci: academic writing skills, referencing, citing, tertiary level, reading

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

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KEBERKESANAN KEMPEN MATLAMAT PEMBANGUNAN LESTARI
(SDG2030) PELAJAR DALAM KURIKULUM KURSUS PEMBANGUNAN

LESTARI

MOHAMAD PIRDAUS BIN YUSOH*
MOHD AZMI IDRIS

NOR AFANDY HAMID@HAMAD
WONG CHEE HO

NURHAZLIYANA HANAFI
NORLIAWATI SIDEK

Pusat Pendidikan Asas dan Lanjutan, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu

Abstrak
Kursus pembangunan lestari salah satu kursus elektif yang ditawarkan di Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu. Melalui kursus ini pelajar perlu melaksanakan kempen berkaitan pembangunan lestari.
Kepelbagaian kempen yang dilaksanakan oleh pelajar dilihat memberikan impak yang baik kepada
masyarakat. Kempen-kempen yang dijalankan melalui platform digital iaitu melalui media sosial
peribadi mereka sendiri seperti Whatsapp, Instagram dan Facebook. Penilaian kempen dijalankan
berdasarkan soal selidik pre dan post. Antara kempen yang dijalankan pelajar yang dilihat
memberikan kesan impak yang positif adalah kempen “No Plastic is Fantastic”. Informasi yang telah
disiarkan melalui poster informatif dan video adalah berkenaan keburukan penggunaan plastik sekali
guna terhadap alam sekitar dan bahan alternatif lain yang boleh digunakan sebagai pengganti plastik
sekali guna. Daripada seminggu perlaksanaan kempen mereka, seramai 156 orang responden yang
memberikan maklum balas yang lengkap. Dapatan mendapati, sebelum kempen dilaksanakan, hanya
25 peratus responden sangat bersetuju, 41.66% setuju dan 33.33% tidak bersetuju tentang
keburukan penggunaan plastik sekali guna. Setelah kempen dilaksanakan, peratus yang sangat
bersetuju meningkat kepada 61.11% , setuju 26.38% dan tidak setuju hanya 12.5%. Daripada
dapatan ini boleh disimpulkan bahawa kempen yang dijalankan berkesan oleh pelajar mampu
memberikan kesedaran kepada umum tentang pembangunan lestari sekali gus membantu mencapai
matlamat pembangunan lestari (SDG2030).

Kata kunci: Pembangunan lestari, Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari, kurikulum, kempen pelajar

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

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STIGMATIZATION OF ALMAJIRI SYSTEM DURING THE COVID-19
PANDEMIC: A CORPUS ANALYSIS OF REPORTS FROM NIGERIAN
NEWSPAPERS

IBRAHIM BASHIR*1
KAMARIAH YUNUS2
YUSUF MAITAMA ABUBAKAR3
HAMISU HAMISU HARUNA4
YUNANA AHMED5
ANAS SA’IDU MUHAMMAD6

1English Language Institute, Jubail Industrial College, Saudi Arabia
2Faculty of Languages and Communications, Universiti Sultan Zainul Abidin, UniSZA
3School of General Studies, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria

4Department of English, Al-Qalam University Katsina, Katsina state, Nigeria
5Department of English, Gombe State University

6Department of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University Kano

Abstract

The Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has prompted a slew of criticism about the age-long Islamic
Almajri System of Education which became one of the most reported issues in the Nigerian media.
This leads to substantial increase of stigmatization, scapegoating, prejudice and resentment against
‘Almajirai’ (students enrolled in Almajri schools), as they are associated with the spreading of the virus.
The present study employs a corpus-assisted discourse analysis to explore the rise of Almajiri
stigmatization during Covid-19 pandemic from the Nigerian newspapers’ textual data. Three theories
were adopted to guide this study, which are: Hoey’s (2005) lexical priming, Goffman’s (1974) framing
theory, and Goffman’s (1963) stigma theory. The textual data were generated from three Nigerian
newspapers namely, Daily Trust (89 articles), Punch (39 articles), The Cable (33 articles), a total of
161 articles were found covering a period within mid of February and early August 2020. The newly
compiled corpus namely ‘Almajiri News Corpus’ (ANC) consists of 77,677 words. LancsBox v. 5.0 was
used to aid the analysis of the data. The results found that the word ‘Almajiri’ which is among the top
ten most frequent wordlist was framed negatively in the Nigerian newspapers’ reports. It was
surrounded with negative collocates such as: jailed, dilemma, ban, repatriates, repatriation begging,
evacuates, bans, tested positive. The results found that Almajirai were framed as illiterate, and
metaphorically referred to as dangerous ‘army’. However, some reports are in defense of the Almajirai
as citizens who have the constitutional rights to be protected. The results also found some neutral
stances like a call for reform of Almajiri system, and separating it from street begging. Finally, some
implications were given based on the study findings.

Keywords: Almajiri, Covid-19, Corpus Linguistics, Discourse Analysis, Stigmatization, Framing

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

108

Penaung
Naib Canselor UMT

Penasihat
Dekan PPAL
Prof. Dr. Asyraf Haji Abd. Rahman

Pengarah
Dr. Firdaus Khairi Bin Abdul Kadir

Timb. Pengarah
Dr. Kasyfullah Bin Abd Kadir

Setiausaha I
Dr. Nurul Hidayah Binti Mat

Setiausaha II
Pn. Nabihah Alia Binti Abd Rahman

Bendahari I
Pn. Norlidawahi Binti Wahab

Bendahari II
Pn. Rosnani Binti Abdul Ghani

Jawatankuasa Promosi dan Penajaan
Dr. Mohamad Pirdaus Bin Yusoh
Dr. Azlina Binti Musa

En. Mohd Azmi Bin Muhammed Idris
En.Muhammad Afifuddin Bin Pi Remli
En. Nor Afandy Bin Hamid @ Hamad

En. Roslan Bin Said

Jawatankuasa Penerbitan (Abstrak, Kertas Kerja dan Penerbitan)
PM. Dr. Che Hasniza Che Noh
Dr. Abdul Mutalib Bin Embong
Dr Jumadil Saputra (FPEPS)
Dr Zikri Muhammad (FPEPS)
Dr Isma Rosila Ismail
Dr Nurul Ain Chua Abdullah
Dr Abd Hanis Embong

Cik Wan Nurhafeza Binti Wan Salam

Jawatankuasa Fasiliti
En. Mohammad Zaidi Bin Mahadi
Pn. Sarifah Noraida Binti Tuan Nek

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Jawatankuasa Perasmian
Dr. Radhiah Binti Ismail

Dr. Roswati Binti Abdul Rashid
Dr. Mohamad Pirdaus Bin Yusoh

Puan Mazlina Binti Ahmad
En. Syahrin Bin Said

Pn. Aini Zahida Binti Din
Pn. Chaizani Binti Mohd Shamsudin
Cik Wan Nurhafeza Binti Wan Salam

En. Ahmad Nazir Bin Haron
En. Hamizan Bin Ishak
En. Irwan Bin Che Ayob
Pn. Asmawati Binti Ngah

Pn. Noor Azlina Binti Othman
En. Mohd Karimi Bin Ma

En. Muhammad Hasif Syazan Bin Borhanudin
Cik Nur Syahirah Binti Fauzi

En. Mohd Izham Bin Mohd A Wahid
En. Muhammad Amirul Shafiq Bin Kadri
En. Che Ku Baharuddin Bin Che Ku Ismai

Jawatankuasa Jamuan Makan & Minum
Dr. Ruzaini Binti Sulaiman

Dr. Aisyah Binti Dollah@Abdullah

Jawatankuasa Penjadualan dan Sidang Selari (Plenary Session)
Pn. Noorfathehah Binti Abdullah Sani
En. Madzlan bin Abet
Pn. Mazlina bt Ahmad
Dr. Roswati Binti Abdul Rashid

Jawatankuasa Buku Program
Pn. Nurhazliyana Binti Hanafi
Puan Norliawati Bt. Mohd Sidek (JIDK)
Cik Khadijah Munirah binti Suhaimi

Jawatankuasa Pendaftaran dan Sijil
Dr. Najihah Binti Abdul Mutalib

Pn.Ismar Liza Mahani Binti Ismail
Pn. Mariati Binti Mat Salleh@Md Nor

Pn. Nursalawati Binti Drahman

110

PENGHARGAAN DAN TERIMA KASIH

kepada
Rakan kerjasama Planet Mahir Sdn. Bhd,
pengucaptama, pengerusi sesi, pembentang
sidang selari, peserta dan semua pihak

menjayakan

SEMINAR ANTARABANGSA MASYARAKAT MADANI
ALAF 21

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