CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT Presented by Group 7 CHAPTER 6
Meet The Group HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI ABDUL HARITH BIN ABDUL RAHIM 23DLS21F1054 ABDULLAH BIN MOHD FAUZI 23DLS21F1080 23DLS21F1072 NUR ZAKWAN BIN AZHAR 23DLS21F1064 MUHAMMAD AQIL AZEEM BIN ARIFFIN 23DLS21F1048
TYPE OF CARGO HANDLES IN PORT OPERATION
Container Most commonly used Available in various dimensions standardized by ISO Comes in 20-foot, 40-foot, and 10-foot sizes Collapsible sides Load for large cargo Easy to store and send out of cargo For example, machinery, wood, pipes, buses and boats Has doors on both ends of the container Make loading and unloading of materials fast Fully removable convertible top Materials from any height can be delivered easily Dry storage container Tunnel container Flat rack container Open top container ABDULLAH F1080
Controllable temperature that can maintain a higher temperature Can last a long time without being damaged due to long exposure to high temperatures Best suited for long distance products Insulated or thermal containers Container Fully opening side doors Wider space to load materials Side and front double doors Wider space for loading and unloading materials For example building materials such as steel and iron Standard sizes are 20 feet and 40 feet Constantly low temperatures that are carefully controlled For the delivery of perishable materials over long distances Examples are fruits and vegetables Open side storage container Double doors container Refrigerated ISO containers ABDULLAH F1080
Container Most are made of steel The size is half the normal height Requires easy loading and unloading Examples of materials such as stone and coal Special for car delivery over long distances It has foldable sides so that it is tidy without the risk of damage or movement Special for a special purpose For high-profile services Safety is a priority For example the delivery of weapons and flammable materials Special for the delivery of intermediate goods For materials in large quantities to the destination to be packed and sent to the FINAL place Special purpose containers Half height containers Car carriers Intermediate bulk shift containers ABDULLAH F1080
Container Most of them are used for the transportation of LIQUID materials Almost all ship industries use it Made of strong steel or anti-corrosion material Has a long life and protection to the material Tanks CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT CONTAINER ABDULLAH F1080
GENERAL CARGO Data General cargo (goods, merchandise, commodities), also referred to as break bulk cargo Almost 90% of most ship cargo traded today is in containers General cargo is handled by cranes on the quay, floating cranes or by the ship's own cargo gear like deck cranes and derricks. Attached to such lifting gear which links the crane or derrick with the form of cargohandling equipment 1. The Sling or Strop - Which is probably the most common form of loose gear - Generally made of rope - Ideal for hoisting strong packages - Less likely to sag or get damaged when lifted - Wooden cases or bagged cargo There are numerous types of tools or loose gear: 2. Snotters or Canvas Slings - Suitable for bagged cargo 3. Chain Slings - Used for heavy slender cargoes - Example timber or steel rails 4. Can or Barrel Hooks - Suitable for hoisting barrels or drums ABDULLAH F1080
GENERAL CARGO 5. Cargo Nets - Suitable for mail bags and similar cargoes that are not liable to be crushed when hoisted 6. Heavy Lifting Beams - Suitable for heavy and long articles - Example locomotives, boilers or railway passenger coaches 7. Cargo Trays and Pallets - Made wooden or of steel construction - Ideal for cargo of moderate dimensions which can be conveniently stacked - Example cartons, bags, or small wooden crates or cases There are numerous types of tools or loose gear: TYPES OF PACKING AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT/GEAR Cargo Handling Equipment or Lifting Gear (loose gear & cargo tools) ABDULLAH F1080 CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION
Conveyor Systems Grab Cranes Shiploaders and Ship Unloaders Hoppers Silos Pneumatic Conveying Systems Forklifts and Front-End Loaders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. DRY bulk cargo HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
Tanker Ships Loading Arms Transfer Pumps Shore Tanks Pipelines Terminal Facilities Safety Equipment 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Liquid bulk cargo HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
dangerous good substances which are capable of posing a risk to healthy, safety or to the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in these Regulation or which are classified according to the Regulations chemicals in Solid, Liquid or Gas form which can harm people, other living organisms, property or the environmen CLICK HERE Harith F1054
TYPES OF CONTAINER HANDLING EQUIPMENT
Task Name Container Crane type of large dockside gantry crane found at container terminals for loading and unloading intermodal containers from container ships. container crane (also container handling gantry crane or ship-toshore crane) is a type of large dockside gantry crane found at container terminals for loading and unloading intermodal containers from container ships. Function CLICK HERE Meaning ZAKWAN F1064
FUNCTION 1. Tango crane is light and flexible. Unlike typical dockside container cranes, the landside legs are pinned at the top. The crane loses stability when its landside legs are not supported by the gantry rail. 2.Liftech successfully designed a scheme to move the light crane safely on the dock. The crane was supported on dolly assemblies at each corner and struts were placed between landside and waterside legs. The crane was lifted off the rails and rolled back about 150 ft. The remaining two cranes were gantried into place, and the Liebherr crane was rolled back onto the rails. Tango Crane ZAKWAN F1064
Meaning Sideshifters are the most common attachments encountered on forklift trucks. Depending on the capacity of the truck Sideshifters allow lateral shift of the load from ± 100 up to ± 160 mm. This saves time and increases manoeuvrability. With the so called Container Sideshifter even larger lateral sideshift stroke is possible. SHIFTER CONTAINER CRANE ZAKWAN F1064
LIST CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT
stacker crane A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or chains that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other plac CLICK HERE Harith F1054
Task Name Prime Mover A prime mover is a machine that converts energy into work Examples of such machines are the gas turbine, steam turbine, combustion engine, and hydraulic turbine. Prime movers enter the terminals to pick up the containers for distribution to distriparks and customers. FUNCTION: CLICK HERE AQIL AZEEM F1048
CONTAINER HANDLER Reach Stacker Straddle Carrier Forklift Truck Top Handler Empty Container Handler Side Loader 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
4 5 6 1 2 3 Reach stackers are versatile container handling machines equipped with a telescopic boom that can extend and retract. They are capable of lifting containers from the ground or stacking them up to multiple levels. Reach stackers are commonly used for loading and unloading containers from trucks, railcars, and vessels. Straddle carriers are large, wheeled machines designed to straddle containers. They have hydraulicpowered legs that can lift containers off the ground, allowing for efficient transportation and stacking. Straddle carriers are often used in container terminals and ports with large storage yards. Forklift trucks with container handling attachments are also utilized for container handling operations. These forklifts are equipped with specialized spreader attachments that can lift and secure containers using twistlocks. Forklifts are typically used for moving containers within smaller terminals or on construction sites. Top handlers, also known as top pickers or top lifters, are used for stacking and handling containers in container yards. They have a large frame with lifting arms that can lift containers from the top, making them suitable for container stacking in limited spaces. Empty container handlers are designed specifically for handling empty shipping containers. They are equipped with spreader attachments or grappling arms to lift and transport empty containers efficiently. Empty container handlers are commonly used in depots and terminals where containers need to be sorted or repositioned. Side loaders are specialized container handlers that have the ability to load and unload containers from the side of the vehicle. They are commonly used for transporting containers on roads and narrow spaces where maneuverability is limited. HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
Forklifts and front-end loaders are versatile equipment used for handling dry bulk cargo in warehouses, storage yards, or smaller-scale operations. They can lift and move pallets, bags, or bulk materials in a variety of settings. Conveyor belts are commonly used to transport dry bulk cargo from the ship's hold to storage facilities or directly onto trucks or trains for onward transportation. These systems can handle a wide range of bulk materials, such as grains, coal, ores, and minerals. Grab cranes, also known as clamshell cranes, are equipped with large grabs that can grasp and lift bulk materials, such as sand, gravel, and scrap metal. They are commonly used for loading and unloading bulk cargo from ships or barges. Shiploaders are specialized machines used to load dry bulk cargo onto ships, while ship unloaders are used to discharge cargo from ships. These machines can handle a variety of materials, including grains, coal, fertilizers, and cement. Hoppers are large containers used to store and distribute dry bulk cargo. They are often equipped with gates or chutes at the bottom to control the flow of material. Hoppers are commonly used in combination with conveyor systems for efficient loading and unloading. Silos are tall, cylindrical structures used to store dry bulk materials, such as grains, cement, or powders. They are designed to provide controlled storage and discharge of the cargo, ensuring a steady supply when needed. Pneumatic conveying systems use air pressure to transport dry bulk materials through pipelines. This method is commonly used for materials like cement, fly ash, or flour, where a dustfree and efficient transfer is required. 7 4 2 6 1 3 5 HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
7 4 2 6 1 3 5 Liquid bulk cargo is often transported by specialized tanker ships designed to carry large quantities of liquids, such as crude oil, petroleum products, chemicals, liquefied gases, and edible oils. These ships have dedicated storage tanks and pumping systems for loading and unloading cargo. Loading arms, also known as marine loading arms or gantry arms, are articulated pipes that connect the storage tanks on the tanker ships to the port infrastructure. These arms can be moved horizontally and vertically, allowing for efficient and flexible transfer of liquid cargo. Loading arms are typically equipped with swivel joints, valves, and flow meters for accurate and controlled loading and unloading operations. Transfer pumps are used to move liquid bulk cargo between storage tanks, tanker ships, and onshore/offshore facilities. These pumps are designed to handle various viscosities and flow rates, ensuring a smooth and controlled transfer of liquids. Port terminals for liquid bulk cargo often have large shore tanks for storing and distributing the liquid cargo. These tanks are designed to meet safety standards and can hold significant volumes of liquids. They are equipped with pumps, valves, and monitoring systems to facilitate the transfer of cargo to and from tanker ships. Liquid bulk cargo is transported through pipelines directly from the port to onshore facilities or vice versa. Pipelines offer a continuous and efficient means of transferring liquids over long distances. Port terminals handling liquid bulk cargo require specialized infrastructure, including storage tanks, loading and unloading areas, pipelines, pumps, and safety systems. These facilities are designed to handle specific types of liquid cargo and ensure safe and efficient operations. Handling liquid bulk cargo requires safety measures to prevent spills, leaks, and accidents. Safety equipment, such as containment systems, emergency shutdown systems, fire suppression systems, and spill response equipment, are essential for mitigating risks associated with liquid cargo handling. HAZIQ HAIQAL BIN AIRMY AFANDI 23DLS21F1072
It makes it possible for you to gain new business, customers and revenue in a market where container handling is constantly increasing. A Sideloader, also known as a Sidelifter or self-loading trailer offers a versatile and costeffective way of loading, transporting and unloading containers and other cargo. FUNCTION: CLICK HERE for Basic Side Loader applications SIDE LOADER AQIL AZEEM F1048
forklift Also called a lift truck, a fork truck, or a forklift truck is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials short distance Harith F1054 CLICK HERE
Task Name They come in a wide variety of designs. Type a model and application: Operating conditions Load parameters Technical specifications of the crane 1. 2. 3. Lifting frames are quick-release load-gripping devices that are positioned between the load and the crane hook. Tie-down points are used for hanging, while cargo rigs are used for gripping. FUNCTION: CLICK HERE LIFTING FRAME AQIL AZEEM F1048
Meaning Consist of a supporting framework that can traverse the length of a quay or yard on a rail track. Instead of a hook, they can equipped with a specialized handling tool called a spreader. Known as ship-to-shore cranes (STS Crane). QUAY CRANE ABDULLAH F1080
Task Name Task Name The stevedores remove the container lashing and the twist locks. Then as per the cargo plan, the selected container is discharged by a gantry crane The spreader is lowered on top of the container, and it locks the four corners (corner castings) by a twist lock mechanism Now the operator lifts the container and uses the transverse motion of the spreader to remove the cotainer from the ship and load it over the truck in the shore platform The gantry operator can lift up to 4 containers at a time, depending upon the type of gantry and side of containers 1. 2. 3. 4. Un 01 loading Q FUNCTION UAY CRANE ABDULLAH F1080 About photo: Main Construction
The loading a container is done one by one as per the cargo plan, keeping the ship stability in mind Normally truck and trailers bring the containers from the storage point to the gantry and spreader picks the container and loads it on the ship Only one container is grabbed by a gantry crane for loading porpose as more precision is require to load the container, and aligning the hold guide in other containers The lifting capacity of grantry cranes may differ for different manufactures and this depends upon the size of the crane. The save load lifting capacity is displayed clearly in the gantry structure 1. 2. 3. 4. Loading 02 QUAY CRANE FUNCTION CLICK HERE TO SEE HOW IT WORK ABDULLAH F1080 About photo: Movement Direction
used for container handling moves flexibly with its own rubber tires for transshipment of containers can also be used in other outdoor places that are not suitable for installing rails The cranes can be steered 360° and move flexibly RUBBER TYRE GANTRY (RTG) About RTG Features RTG Advanced technology: Safe and efficient: Energy saving and environment protecting: Advanced design, manufacturing technology, and test detection system Equipped with overload protection, diesel engine over speed protection, water higher temperature indicator and lower oil pressure indicator devices, and wind speed indicator, typhoon anchor device, emergency stop button and each mechanism limit switch and indicator Low power engine generators, saving energy and meet the demand of environment protection ABDULLAH F1080 CLICK HERE TO SEE HOW IT WORK CLICK HERE TO EXPLORE RTG CRANE
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