马齿牡丹

马齿牡丹

Portulaca grandiflora Hook

马齿苋科多年生草本植物，是松叶牡丹与马齿苋的杂交种。叶长椭圆形，互生。
别名：大花马齿苋、阔叶半支莲、太阳花、半日花、猪母乳仔花。耐高温且耐干旱的
马齿牡丹。为松叶牡丹与马齿苋的杂交种，是夏天间极受欢迎的花卉之一，也是夏季
草花的代表性植物。马齿牡丹的开花习性非常特殊，只在白天的早上开花，下午花朵
就闭合起来，所以有半日花的名称。

广布于热带、亚热带地区，中国有 5 种，各省均有分布，其中马齿苋
P.oleraceaL.为常见的野蔬，供食用或为牲畜的饲料。肉质、平卧或斜生草本；叶互
生或对生，扁平或圆柱形，上部的常聚生成总苞状；花单生或簇生；萼片 2，基部合
生成一管，且与子房合生；花瓣 4－6；雄蕊 5 或更多；子房半下位或下位，1 室，有
胚珠极多数；花柱 3－8；蒴果盖裂；种子细小，扁圆形

Portulaca grandiflora is a succulent flowering plant in the family Portulacaceae, native to
southern Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay and often cultivated in gardens.[2][3] It has
many common names, including rose moss,[4] eleven o'clock,[3] Mexican rose,[3] moss
rose,[3] sun rose,[5] rock rose,[5] and moss-rose purslane.

It is also seen in South Asia and widely spread in most of the cities with old 18th- and
19th-century architecture in the Balkans.

It is a small, but fast-growing annual plant growing to 30 cm tall, though usually less.
However, if it is cultivated properly, it can easily reach this height. The leaves are thick and
fleshy, up to 2.5 cm long, arranged alternately or in small clusters. The flowers are 2.5–3
cm diameter with five petals, variably red, orange, pink, white, and yellow.[2] Their upright,
or ascending, long shoots branch usually near the base. The spreading 20 to 25
millimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide leaves are almost or completely stalk-shaped
and taper towards the tip.

The axillary have few to numerous, whitish, woolly hair, which are usually shorter than the
sheets. The compressed inflorescences are surrounded by eight to ten leaves. The large
flowers reach a diameter of up to 4 centimetres. The five bright magenta-coloured petals
are obovate and 15 to 26 millimeters long. Around the ovary with four to nine whitish scars
are about 50 stamens. Capsules and seeds are not visible.[6]