3- PRESENTATION OF THE PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS 6- EASTER TRADITIONS 7- REDUCE YOUR WASTE / THE BENEFITS OF PLANTS 8- HOW DOES MENTAL HEALTH AFFECT PHYSICAL HEALTH? 10- GOOD VIBES ONLY 11- INTERNATIONAL CROSSWORD PUZZLE 12- ARE PETS FOR YOU? 13- HOW TO SPEND A PLEASANT SUMMER IN FRANCE AND IN POLAND 18- UNUSUAL WAYS TO SPEND TIME WITH ANIMAS. 19- DID YOU KNOW THAT BEES...? 20-THE BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 22- SCOTLAND AND ITS CLANS 24- HOROSCOPE 26- ANSWERS TO THE CROSSWORD PUZZLE
This magazine is a result of French-Polish cooperation on the project “Ready for New Challenges?” , which involved three challenges. The first one was writing a story for children. The aim of the second challenge was to dub a video. Finally, we created the magazine you are reading now, and it was the third challenge. Before taking up the first one we exchanged films in which we talked about our interests, schools and cities. Thanks to this, we could learn a bit not only about each other but also about the culture of our project partners’ countries. The French group prepared a wonderful Advent Calendar with the information about traditional food, music and customs connected with Christmas. We also exchanged Christmas cards and candies and got ready for the first challenge. Introduction
Challenge 1 allenge 1 The project was an amazing experience for me. It was a little stressful at the start but the new people we have met turned out to be really friendly. The ice was broken suuper quickly and we felt comfortable with each other in no time. The challenge which gave me the most fun was definitely the voice acting one. It was very funny to play a role of a bear which was hilarious and I would like to try it again. The project in general helped me face my social problems and improved my English skills especially the first challenge to write a story. It was a little hard for me to match the vocabulary restrictions to my vision. I would definitely recommend it. This challenge was really... well, challenging. Writing a story that you can control only parts of was hard enough but the "Christmas vocabulary" addition made it into some sort of a race where everybody was trying to get as many present words for their team as possible. Each one of these challenges was making you go out of your comfort zone in some way. In this one I had to use completely different words than I would usually, in the voice over one I was supposed to create a whole psychological profile for my character so that I could play him, even the introduction itself was hard cause I could not think of a way to describe myself in just a couple of sentences. In the end though I am nothing but grateful that I could partake in it. I had the chance to meet great people as well as upgrade my English skills. If you ever have a chance to be a part of a project even remotely resembling this one please do me and yourself a favour just do it. And enjoy every little part of it cause it won’t last forever. Our reactions by Szymon, Adam The challenge itself was really simple on the paper. The first student was supposed to start a Christmas story and every next student was to continue it, all while using as many of Christmas related words as possible. Once the tale was ready, our task was to add pictures and make it into a kids book, which was next presented to some children in a primary school and a kindergarten. The one that was liked the most is right here for you to read.
Challenge 2 The rules were to do the voice of a short comic animated video. Each one of us had to do the voice of one character. Everyone wrote a script to help us do so. Once everything was ready, we started recording our voices and put them all together. Here is the result !! Voices : Simon-Racoon Szymon-Bear Arthur-Moose/Narrator Adam-Rabbit Having done this activity together with my team has allowed me to get to know my teammates more than ever. Thanks to that we all feel comfortable talking to each other, this work team has allowed us to get a spirit team and to all have a role to play. Keeping in touch with people that live far away with a different culture has been a great experience to me, I can’t wait to keep doing all of those activities together as a team ! Arthur This challenge was for me a great way to discover a little more my team. Thanks to a big team work we manage to do a very good job. It was also a good experience to improve my English, especially the oral but in the communication too. Indeed I 'm was happy to achieve this project despite the distance and know more about my polish comrades. Simon By Arthur, Simon, Adam & Szymon
Easter, plants and French and Polish Easter traditions This article was made possible thanks to the etwinning project. Over the course of the year, a French and Polish class were able to tackle challenges together despite the distance. They have learned to work together and are now sharing their traditions for Easter in this article. Easter is just around the corner, so this is a good opportunity for us French and Polish students to share our Easter traditions. In our French traditions, Easter is celebrated between March and April. On Sunday, families eat paschal Easter lamb for lunch. In some regions people just eat a lamb shaped dessert like in Alsace or a lamb pâté. This lamb refers to the lamb sacrificed before the Egypt exile; it also refers to Jesus' resurrection in the Christian religion. People go to the church to pray and bells ring. Nonetheless, nowadays in France, Easter corresponds more to an event not necessarily celebrated by religious people. Families are used to organizing an Easter chocolate egg hunt and children go to the garden to search for them. It’s generally a convivial and funny moment to spend with family. For some people when we are older, our parents give us chocolate, money or a gift. It depends on the way people celebrate Easter. In Poland on Saturday morning we prepare baskets filled with samples of Polish food. We have the food blessed in church and after returning home people put the basket on the table and cannot move it until Easter Sunday. There’s a superstition that shifting it brings bad luck and attracts insects. In the morning, all families treat themselves to food from the basket and give each other best wishes. After eating, some people go to the forest for health and they enjoy spring and beautiful plants and trees. On Monday we have “Wet Monday ''. It's a day everyone is splashed with water. As we can see, French and Polish customs are very different. Our traditions are celebrated differently but we spend time with closest family and relatives together during Easter holiday. AMELKA, PAUL-EMILE, OLIWIA, PIERRE
A lot of plants have benefits for our health, we call them medicinal and aromatic plants. Aromatic plants are not plentiful, we have only eleven types of aromatic plants, an aromatic plant is a plant we can eat, also we can make pills with them like with other medicinal plants. Each plant has its specificities and decoctions, for example we can make syrup, ointment, herbal tea ... For example, “Moringa” is a plant nicknamed the “Eternal Tree”, it has the reputation to be a medicinal plant that treats most of the health problems. Here it is a recipe of thyme syrup that treats cold = Dried thyme Water Sugar - The day before, put the thyme in a saucepan and cover with water. If you're using fresh thyme, you'll need to wash it well, cut off the branches and keep only the parts with leaves. 1. - Heat the water until it boils, cover the saucepan and set over a low heat to leave to simmer for like 10 minutes. Remove from the heat and leave it covered to infuse overnight. 2. - The next day, strain the thyme and weigh the resulting infusion, for example by placing a container on the scales, tearing it and then pouring the content of the saucepan into the container. Add 50% of the weight of the liquid in sugar, for example, 250 g of sugar for 500 g of infusion. 3. - Heat the thyme infusion and sugar mixture until it boils, then lower the heat. Leave them to simmer until the desired syrupy texture is obtained. 4. 5.- Pour into airtight bottles and it's ready. The benefits of plants Managing our waste has become a new challenge for the last several years due to pollution and endangered wild species. As a result, this article aims at showing you different tips to reduce your waste : but before paying attention to the waste you could reduce, you can focus on the kind of things you are going to buy. If your objective is to reduce waste, you can just reduce your consumption.(Sometimes it is better to take less food than too much. It's better for health and for physicality) For example, you can make sure your food or objects don't have excessive plastic packaging. You can also focus on bulk food when you buy your food because it requires less or no plastic packaging. Now you know that, you can make up your mind on the kind of garbage you could recycle. For green waste, you can just simply compost it to have fertilizer for your garden. If you have enough money and motivation, you can even invest into a biodigester to transform your waste into gas. For the plastic garbage you can just make sure to drop it into the right bin. Nonetheless, don’t forget, the goal is to reduce waste as simply as possible. Sometimes it’s better to just reduce your waste daily. You can also give your food to homeless people. You can find a special fridge and leave your food there if you have a lot of it. Reduce your waste PAUL-EMILE and Pierre
How does mental health affect physical health? By Yanis, Maya, Tatiana and Lohan Physical health problems significantly increase our risk of developing mental health problems, and vice versa. As well as this, mental health problems can come with physical symptoms. Our bodies and minds are not separate, so it’s not surprising that mental ill health can affect your body. Depression can come with headaches, fatigue and digestive problems, and anxiety can create an upset stomach, for example. Other symptoms can include insomnia, restlessness and difficulty concentrating. 7 -You can practise physical activity -you can also eat well, eating well can improve your wellbeing and your mood - You should stop smoking. It’s never too late to quit !! WH A T C A N Y O U D O T O H EL P Y O U R SEL F ? HERE ARE A FEW MORE WAYS MENTAL HEALTH CAN AFFECT PHYSICAL WELL-BEING: 1.Sleep Disturbances- Mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, or stress can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to insomnia or poor sleep quality. Adequate sleep is crucial for overall physical health and cognitive function. 2.Chronic Pain- Mental health conditions can exacerbate or contribute to chronic pain disorders such as migraines, tension, headaches or fibromyalgia. Conversely, chronic pain can also impact mental health, creating a cycle of distress. 3.Immune Function- Psychological stress weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and delaying recovery from illnesses. Chronic stress can also increase inflammation in the body, which is linked to various health problems like heart disease and autoimmune disorders. 4. Substance Abuse- Some individuals may turn to substances like alcohol, tobacco or drugs as a way to cope with mental health issues. Substance abuse can have severe detrimental effects on physical health, including organ damage, increased risk of accidents and addiction. 5.Chronic Conditions- Mental health disorders often coexist with chronic physical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or asthma. Managing both mental and physical health conditions is essential for overall well-being and quality of life.
Maintaining a good physical condition has a number of health benefits, including: 1. Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease: Regular exercise strengthens the heart and blood vessels, reducing the risk of heart disease such as heart attacks and strokes. 2. Weight control: Physical activity helps to burn calories and maintain healthy body weight, which reduces the risk of excess weight and obesity, as well as associated health problems. B Y Y A N I S , M A Y A , T A T I A N A A N D L O H A N Positive effects of a good physical condition : 3. Improved mental health: Regular exercise releases endorphins, neurotransmitters that provide a sense of well-being and reduce stress, anxiety and depression. 4. Strengthened immune system: Moderate physical activity strengthens the immune system, helping to prevent illness and reduce the severity of infections. 5. Increased energy and vitality: Being physically active on a regular basis can improve sleep quality, boost energy levels and promote better concentration and productivity. 6. Improved quality of life: Good physical condition promotes better mobility, flexibility and muscle strength, which can make daily activities easier and more enjoyable. In short, maintaining good physical condition contributes to a better overall quality of life and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. 7. Enhanced Satisfaction and Confidence: Completing a challenging bike ride or a workout routine boosts feelings of accomplishment. For example, after finishing a tough cycling trail, the sense of achievement can elevate self-worth. 8. Endorphin Release: Exercise triggers the release of endorphins, known as "feel-good" hormones. This can help reduce the risk of depression and elevate mood. For instance, after a brisk walk or jog, many people experience a noticeable improvement in mood 9. Emotional Outlet: Engaging in sports provides a healthy outlet for pent-up emotions. Whether it's a bad day at school or tension in personal relationships, activities like running or boxing can channel and release negative feelings. 10. Stress Reduction: Regular physical activity is a proven stress reliever. Amidst daily worries and uncertainties, activities like yoga or swimming can calm the mind and reduce stress levels significantly. 11. Mental Distraction: Participating in hobbies like martial arts or dancing can divert attention from negative thoughts. For example, focusing on learning new dance moves or mastering a martial arts technique can occupy the mind positively. Incorporating physical activity into daily routines can substantially benefit mental health, providing a natural and accessible means to manage emotions and enhance overall well-being.
To start the day off right, in a good mood and full of energy, smoothies are a good solution. Tutti frutti is light and rich in vitamins. And super easy to prepare! All you have to do is peel a banana, a kiwi, an apple and an orange then mix them and finally add coconut water, which will add a creamy side to your drink. A little cloud of flavors, for a great and magnificent day. Good vibes only By Laura, Magdalena, Lilou & Garance A good smoothie for a good day: Your life is so short, you don't want to waste time criticizing yourself or procrastinating, do you ? That's why we want to make you realize that you are incredible and to give you some advice ! Every-Body is beautiful You are enough Your body is always beach-ready If you see someone in the street, would you see their insecurities ? Probably not, so don’t pay attention to yours because no one will see them ! Quotes board Have you ever felt that you are helpless about what is going on in your life? People often can’t control everything in their lives, but they can control how they react and deal with problems. Nowadays, in a stressful reality we live in, positivity and hope for a better tomorrow can be the only cure to that feeling. After all, ‘hakuna matata’, as they say. “Good vibes only” is an important mindset to have in life. Having a positive attitude and maintaining a healthy mindset can make all the dif erence in our ability to cope with dif icult experiences. By cultivating and maintaining a positive outlook, we can promote emotional wellbeing and focus on the things that matter to us, rather than dwelling on the negative. It has been confirmed by scientists from Johns Hopkins. University is that positive thinking can improve our physical health. They found that it is connected with our cardiac health It has also been found that people whose relatives have cardiac problems, have 33% less chance of getting one within twenty five years thanks to positive thinking. While we may not have control over every aspect of our lives, we do have control over our reactions and mindsets. Embracing positivity and hope can be the antidote to feelings of helplessness. Maintaining a positive attitude not only improves our emotional wellbeing but can also have tangible benefits for our physical health. So, let's strive to cultivate good vibes and embrace the power of positive thinking to navigate life's challenges with resilience and grace. :)
. 8 Welcome to the International Crossword Puzzle. The eTwinning project enables students to learn English, but it is also a way to experience the advantages of teamwork and to discover both cultures. Poland and France have some differences, like our language, foods, traditions, even if there are common points. So we decided to do this crossword about our different cultures, which is about different words used in France and Poland. Here are the rules : Several words related to France and Poland have to be found to discover the secret words. Each word contains a hint to help you find the word. Once you have gotten all of the words, you will have to take a look next to each hint to start discovering all of the letters that are contained in the secret word. CAUTION ! The letters that you will get are not put in order, you will have to find a word using all of those letters. International Crossword Puzzle Secret Word : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hint : “A better way to work”. Answers on the last page By Arthur, Simon, Adam & Szymon
Have you ever thought about having an animal? Most people own a dog or a cat. They have been with us since the dawn of time and we treat them like little friends, sharing with them our joys and sorrows. Whenever we have bad moments they make us feel better through their company. However, before you decide to adopt a dog or a cat think about both benefits and drawbacks of having one. Having pets is often regarded as a great thing by a majority of people , but why? First off all , having pets is a great way to deal with loneliness because having a pet makes a presence in the house so it does not feel so empty and so it feels more alive. Pets are also loving hairballs that will always appreciate affection when you give them and they can also be very affectionate.There are also very beautiful Moreover, pets can be with you when you do your activities , for example if you do sport outside , you could bring your dog with a lead so he can run too ! So basically pets are always here for affection and are caring, they will not let you down , they are beautiful and really are a great addition to your life Animals are so cute, but we shouldn’t adopt them just for this reason. They need attention and we have to take care of them. That’s why there are some disadvantages when we adopt an animal. For example, we need to have enough money to feed them or to buy essential things for an animal like a necklace (for a cat or a dog) and maybe a cage if it’s a rabbit. We need to spend time with them, to play with them and to walk them sometimes too. We have to wash the house more often because if the animal is a dog or a cat, they lose their hair. If the animal you have is a rabbit or a fish, you have to clean the cage or the aquarium. Moreover, some puppies are very energetic and they break things. The way you should take care of pets depends on how they live or what they like ! Don’t adopt animals if you can’t take care of them. 1/2 Are pets for you ? Natalia, Filip, Nolan, Zoé Benefits disadvantages
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 No Yes a cat 54.5% a dog 45.5% Here are the questions and answers we asked a group of Polish students . Survey “Do you have a pet ?” Then, we asked people who haven’t got a pet : “If you had a choice, what pet would you want to have ?” Most people answered “a dog !” “which pet do you have ?” 2/2
How to spend a pleasant summerin France ? As everyone knows, there is the international star : the Eiffel Tower. You have to, for sure, see it at least once in your life. But we want you to make the most of your trip and that’s why we are going to tell you about the best secret places of France ! If you want to take a trip to France , let us show you which landscapes you have to visit to spend good moments.
“Mont St Michel” You can visit «Mont Saint Michel » , one of the emblems of France. It is a village in Normandy, which is circled with water when the tide is high. You can admire a wonderful show of the biggest tide of Europe from the abbey. It is a magic vision, which attracts a lot of foreigners. There is also incredible architecture with the church, the abbey and the lace stairs. Overlooking the immensity of the bay, Mont Saint Michel abbey is the highlight of the visit. “Dunes du Pilat I’m sure that you will love « la Dune du Pilat » in Aquitaine . It is the highest sand dune in Europe. At the top of the dune, you have an incredible and panoramic view of the Atlantic ocean. And if you love walking , it’s the perfect place . There are stairs to climb the dune but you can climb in the sand directly, it’s longer but funnier. In the high season, you can use the stairs and out of season, the stairs are closed so you just have to walk in the sand. Ferias in Dax Colmar If you have the chance to come to France in August, you have to take part in the ferias in Dax. You will discover the beautiful city of Dax in the Landes during an unforgettable night of partying. Everyone dresses in white and red and they celebrate the local traditions such as bull-fighting (corrida) and music. A human tide will flood the streets and you will never forget the happiness of French people. If you want to visit the most beautiful village in France you are at the right place. Colmar is actually the French version of Venice. You can visit it along the waterside and even in a small boat. You will appreciate the Alsatian traditional architecture with all the colorful houses that you can see there. The village is also very flowered in summer and it is really pleasant to walk in the different streets because there is no car. The fun fact is also that the creator of the Statue of Liberty, Auguste Bartholdi, lived there. Acelme and Noémie
And in Poland ? Planning a trip to Poland? Get ready for a journey filled with unforgettable experiences and cultural discoveries from historical landmarks to culinary delights, here are four essential activities to add to your list when visiting Poland.
The Palace of Culture and Science Warsaw is the capital of Poland. You can see the whole panorama of the city from the Palace of Culture and Science. It is actually the highest building in Warsaw, so you can see the whole city from its observation deck. Warsaw is also wellknown for Royal Castle and The Mermaid of Warsaw.The Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw is more than a tourist spot - it's a symbol of Warsaw's strength and cultural wealth. It was a gift from the Soviet Union to Poland. The fun fact about this building is that the building was originally white but got dirty and never got cleaned. Wrocław Most people think Wrocław is the most beautiful city in Poland. Are they right? You should definitely see for yourself! There are many things that make this place worth visiting. If you ever come here, make sure to see the Japanese Garden. Its creation began in 1909, as a part of the so-called „Exhibition of the century”. In 1997 the entire garden got flooded. This whole place was underwater for 3 weeks. It was reopened after 2 years, in 1999. The Wieliczka Salt Mine Tons of tourists love to visit the south part of Poland as well. It has a lot of places with interesting and educational meaning. For example, we have the Wieliczka Salt Mine, located near Kraków! It has a lot of fascinating historical stories or legends connected to it, like Queen Kinga's Engagement ring legend about the foundation of the mine. We can also find beautiful salt sculptures of many historical figures there. No visit to Poland is complete without tasting pierogi, the country's beloved dumplings. Whether filled with ingredients like meat, potatoes, and cheese or sweet fillings like fruit and jam, pierogi are an important part of Polish cuisine. Sample traditional pierogi at local restaurants or seek out hidden gems recommended by locals. Local people will love to show you how to do that! They love talking about their culture and traditions! Better Pierogi yet, sign up for a cooking class and learn how to make pierogi from scratch, mastering the art of shaping and filling them. You can eat them anytime and anywhere in Poland. Alicja and Maja
Unusual ways to spend time with animals Puppy yoga, the latest craze in wellness, brings together the tranquility of yoga and the infectious energy of playful puppies. In these unique sessions, participants are treated to a therapeutic yoga practice while surrounded by adorable furry friends. This global phenomenon (encompasses) includes classes held in parks, studios, and online platforms, where dogs join practitioners, either participating in poses or simply lounging nearby. The benefits of puppy yoga are numerous. Not only does it promote stress reduction and relaxation, but it also enhances mood, fosters social connection, and contributes to physical health. Through partner poses, owners and pets strengthen their communication and trust, deepening their relationship. Overall, yoga with dogs offers a holistic approach to well-being, nurturing connections and enriching lives with joy and harmony, both on and off the yoga mat. Neko cafes are places designed for the comfort and safety of felines that offers a calming and convivial atmosphere. They attract a varied clientele, from cat lovers to those seeking a moment of relaxation. These bars are not only places where you can eat, but also places to meet and share where interactions with cats are privileged. They also meet a growing social need to connect with animals, in a warm and welcoming setting. The cats have their own space distinguished from the kitchen for hygiene. In their space there are different areas like the playing area, the eating area, the cleaning area, the resting area, and an area for cats and personnel only. The first Neko cafe was created at Taipei in Taïwan, but the trend had big success in the town of Osaka in Japan in 2004. It was a big success because in Japan, pets are not allowed in apartments. For example japanese people search for a way to relieve stress and cats can de-stress them after a day of work. In Europe, Neko cafe arrived in the town of Vienna in Austria. In Japan, the good health of animals is regulated. For example the cat can ’t be disturbed during their catnap and the client can only stroke the cat. In a Neko cafe, the cat is the one ruling, he decides everything except your order of course. In all the Neko cafe of the world, the client has the obligation to wash his hands when he enters the cafe to maintain good hygiene. 1 5 Puppy Yoga Neko cafe by J u l e s , S a m u e l , P a t r y c j a a n d A m e l k a K In today's world, people are taking advantage of new ways to bond with their pets, such as yoga for puppies and cat cafes. These experiences offer unique opportunities to relax and bond with pets. Join us as we delve into the enchanting realms of these activities, exploring how they foster deeper connections between people and their beloved pets.
Did you know that bees… Hugo, Raphaël, Pawel, AdamWelcome to our magazine’s “Did you know?” section, where we cover some of the more obscure facts our world hides. The topic for today is going to be… bees and honey! Did you know that there are over 20000 different species of bees? The ones creating honey reach the speed of 25km/h and flap their wings 200 times a second! That’s a buzzing good agility! Also, there are twelve different types of honey, depending on the flowers or plants they’ve taken pollen from. Did you know that a single bee can visit up to 1000 flowers a day to collect nectar and pollen? These insects are responsible for pollinating numerous fruits and vegetables we consume, they are also contributing to global food security. But that's not all, bees also produce honey, a delicious and nutritious food with multiple health benefits. Unfortunately, bees face many challenges such as climate change, pesticides, and habitat loss, threatening their survival and the balance of our environment. We must act to protect them and preserve their natural habitat. By raising awareness about the importance of bees, we can all contribute to a healthier and a more sustainable future for our planet. Did you know that honey never spoils? Archaeologists have found pots of honey in ancient Egyptian tombs that are over 3,000 years old and still perfectly edible! Honey creates a bad environment for bacteria and microorganisms, making it one of the few foods that can stay edible indefinitely. So next time you're enjoying a spoon of honey, remember that this sweet taste is immortal ! Did you know that honeybees perform a mesmerizing dance to communicate the location of food sources to their hive mates? Known as the "waggle dance," this intricate movement involves a combination of figure-eight patterns and precise angles relative to the position of the sun. By interpreting the duration, direction, and intensity of the dance, other bees can accurately pinpoint the distance and direction of the food, allowing the colony to efficiently gather nectar and pollen from afar. This remarkable behavior showcases the sophisticated communication system of honeybees, aiding their survival and productivity in the wild. Thank you bee-utifully for reading through the whole article. We are sure that now you’ll be a bit closer to the title of a bee expert. See you and bee happy!
The benefits of Phys Ph i ysi c cal a activ l ity is a rea c lly i t mpo i rta v nt i forty staying healthy and feeling good. It's not just about being fit, it also helps you cheer up and clear your mind. This article looks at why moving more is a key to a better, happier life, with the opinion of four athletes about their sport. The first sport is dancing. It offers a lot of benefits! It makes you fitter, more flexible, and improves your coordination and balance. Plus, it's a great stress reliever and mood lifter. Dancing with others can help you make friends and feel more confident. It even boosts your mental well-being by releasing happy hormones, reducing feelings of depression and anxiety. And let's not forget, dancing is a fantastic way to express yourself and feel fulfilled. Swimming is another example of an incredibly healthy sport. Not only does it sculpt your muscles and boost flexibility, but it's also a heart-friendly exercise that keeps it strong and steady. What's more, the sensation of being in water acts as a natural stress-reliever, washing away worries and leaving you feeling calm and content. With its advantages, swimming isn't just a workout. It's a refreshing escape that promotes both physical and mental well-being, making it an essential part of a balanced lifestyle. For those recovering from injury or facing physical limitations, swimming offers a unique form of therapy that gently restores strength and mobility. Water provides a supportive environment, reducing strain on injured muscles and joints while moving.
I'm going to present to you a very important sport for me, climbing. I chose this sport because I think it permits you to build self-esteem, because you have to overcome your fear, to achieve your goal, so you always want to go further. It also allows you to make friends with the same objectives and passions, and learn to trust them, because your life is in their hands. Even if it’s a sport with very strict rules, when you arrive at the top of what you climb, it gives a feeling of freedom and pride of having succeeded. So, for these reasons, climbing is, for me, a sport with a lot of benefits, which permits you to stop thinking about your problems when you try to succeed, and which is very complete on a physical level, because it permits to work all the muscles and to keep you fit . I’m going to present you cycling. Cycling has a lot of benefits, physical and mental. Like fitness, cycling can develop your stamina. There aren’t many risks of injuries. cycling targets various muscle groups, like the quadriceps, hamstrings, calves, and glutes. Cycling can improve your mental well-being. Indeed cycling outdoors provides an opportunity to connect with nature. It helps reduce stress, anxiety, and depression. Cycling can be a social activity, whether it's participating in group rides, joining cycling clubs, or simply riding with friends and family Finally they are environmental benefits because choosing cycling as a mode of transportation reduces your carbon emissions and helps to fight against pollution. Maël, Margaux, Zosia S and Zosia K This article shows us the importance of doing sport, for our health and our mind. So, don’t forget to choose a sport that makes you feel good, and happier!!
Scotland and its clans HISTORY OF THE SCOTLAND CLAN: -THE WORD “CLAN” DERIVES FROM THE GAELIC WORD “CLANN” OR “CLANNA” FOR CHILDREN, AND DESCRIBES A GROUP OF VERY UNITED PARENTS. HOWEVER, IT WAS NOT NECESSARY TO BE RELATED TO THE CLAN LEADER TO BE CONSIDERED PART OF THE CLAN. ANYONE WHO SWORE ALLEGIANCE TO THE CHIEF COULD USE THE NAME OF THE CLAN AS HIS OWN, INCLUDING THOSE WHO WORKED FOR THE CLAN OR NEEDED PROTECTION. WHEN SURNAMES APPEARED IN THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES, MANY PEOPLE TOOK THE NAME OF THEIR CLAN LEADER AS THEIR OWN NAME. -CLANS WERE GENERALLY ASSOCIATED WITH A GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF SCOTLAND. FOR EXAMPLE, THE ARMSTRONG CLAN ORIGINATED IN THE BORDERS, THE MACGREGORS OF ARGYLL HIGHLANDS. CLANS ALSO OFTEN HAD ANCESTRAL CASTLES, SUCH AS THE DUFFUS CASTLE OF THE MURRAY CLAN AT BLAIR ATHOLL. -IT IS BELIEVED THAT CLANS BEGAN TO APPEAR IN SCOTLAND AROUND 1100 AD.-CLAN MEMBERSHIP WAS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF SURVIVAL IN THE TROUBLED CENTURIES THAT FOLLOWED. THE CONSTANT STRUGGLE FOR LAND AND RESOURCES, LIKE TERRITORY, BETWEEN CLANS WAS OFTEN FIERCE -COMING FROM IRELAND, MANY PEOPLE CAME TO SCOTLAND THESE PEOPLE CALLED THEMSELVES "SCOTS" IS HOW THE NAME OF THE COUNTRY SCOTLAND LIVES -THE OUTFITS OF THESE RUTHLESS WARRIORS CONSIST OF A BOTTOM NAMED KILT AND A RATHER BASIC TOP THESE KILT WERE DIFFERENT ACCORDING TO THE CLANS, THERE ARE REALLY ALL KINDS OF COLORS HOWEVER THEY WERE ALWAYS STRIPED THE KILTS ARE NO LONGER WORN AS BEFORE , THE KILT BEFORE WAS MADE OF FOLDING A FABRIC HOWEVER NOW IT IS ALREADY DONE WE HAVE MORE THAN TO SURROUND HIM AROUND HIS WAIST SCOTLAND IS A COUNTRY LOCATED IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. ITS HISTORY DATES BACK THOUSANDS OF YEARS.THROUGHOUT HISTORY, SCOTLAND HAS EVEN HAD LINKS WITH THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES, SCOTLAND EMERGED AS A UNIFIED KINGDOM UNDER THE RULE OF KENNETH MACALPIN IN THE 9TH CENTURY. OVERVARIOUS CONFLICTS WITH ENGLAND, INCLUDING THE WARS OF INDEPENDENCE IN THE 13TH AND 14TH CENTURIES LED BY FIGURES SUCH AS WILLIAM WALLACE AND ROBERT THE BRUCE. THE UNION OF THE CROWNS OF SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND OCCURRED IN 1603 WHEN JAMES VI OF SCOTLAND BECAME JAMES I OF ENGLAND AND IRELAND, CREATING THE KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN. THE ACTS OF UNION IN 1707 FORMALLY UNITED THE PARLIAMENTS OF SCOTLAND AND ENGLAND, CREATING THE KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN. SCOTLAND WENT THROUGH SIGNIFICANT INDUSTRIALIZATION DURING THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES, WITH ADVANCEMENTS IN INDUSTRIES SUCH AS SHIPBUILDING, ENGINEERING, AND TEXTILES. IN THE 20TH CENTURY, SCOTLAND EXPERIENCED A DECLINE IN TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES BUT SAW A CULTURAL REVIVAL WITH THE REEMERGENCE OF SCOTTISH GAELIC LANGUAGE, TRADITIONAL MUSIC, AND LITERATURE. THE DEVOLUTION OF POWERS TO THE SCOTTISH PARLIAMENT IN 1999 GRANTED SCOTLAND MORE AUTONOMY IN AREAS SUCH AS EDUCATION, HEALTH, AND JUSTICE. TODAY, SCOTLAND IS KNOWN FOR ITS RICH CULTURAL HERITAGE, STUNNING LANDSCAPES, AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO FIELDS SUCH AS SCIENCE, LITERATURE, AND THE ARTS. THE COUNTRY CONTINUES TO PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE WITHIN THE UNITED KINGDOM WHILE MAINTAINING A DISTINCT IDENTITY AND SENSE OF NATIONAL PRIDE.
Scotland and its clans INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT SCOTLAND SCOTLAND IS A COUNTRY KNOWN FOR ITS RICH HISTORY, STUNNING LANDSCAPES, AND VIBRANT CULTURE. HERE ARE SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT SCOTLAND: 1. **BAGPIPES**: SCOTLAND IS SYNONYMOUS WITH THE BAGPIPES, A TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT THAT HAS ITS ROOTS IN SCOTTISH CULTURE. 2. **HAGGIS**: A TRADITIONAL SCOTTISH DISH, HAGGIS IS MADE FROM SHEEP'S OFFAL, OATMEAL, AND SPICES, ALL ENCASED IN THE SHEEP'S STOMACH. 3. **LOCH NESS MONSTER**: SCOTLAND IS HOME TO LOCH NESS, A LARGE FRESHWATER LAKE WHERE THE LEGENDARY LOCH NESS MONSTER, ALSO KNOWN AS NESSIE, IS SAID TO RESIDE. 4. **EDINBURGH CASTLE**: ONE OF SCOTLAND'S MOST FAMOUS LANDMARKS, EDINBURGH CASTLE SITS ATOP CASTLE ROCK AND OFFERS STUNNING VIEWS OF THE CITY. 5. **GOLF**: SCOTLAND IS CONSIDERED THE BIRTHPLACE OF GOLF, WITH THE OLDEST GOLF COURSE IN THE WORLD, THE OLD COURSE AT ST ANDREWS, LOCATED IN FIFE. 6. **HIGHLAND GAMES**: THESE TRADITIONAL SCOTTISH GAMES, FEATURING EVENTS LIKE CABER TOSSING, HAMMER THROWING, AND TUG-OF-WAR, ARE HELD THROUGHOUT SCOTLAND IN THE SUMMER MONTHS. 7. **THE KELPIES**: THESE GIANT HORSE-HEAD SCULPTURES LOCATED IN FALKIRK ARE A POPULAR TOURIST ATTRACTION AND A TRIBUTE TO SCOTLAND'S INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE. 8. **WHISKY**: SCOTLAND IS RENOWNED FOR ITS WHISKY PRODUCTION, WITH DISTILLERIES LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY PRODUCING A WIDE VARIETY OF SINGLE MALTS AND BLENDS. 9. **THE ROYAL MILE**: THIS HISTORIC STREET IN EDINBURGH CONNECTS EDINBURGH CASTLE TO THE PALACE OF HOLYROODHOUSE AND IS LINED WITH SHOPS, PUBS, AND HISTORIC BUILDINGS. 10. **SCOTTISH KILTS**: THE KILT IS A TRADITIONAL SCOTTISH GARMENT WORN BY MEN AND IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH SCOTTISH HERITAGE AND PRIDE. THERE ARE MANY SCOTTISH CLAN NAMES THAT ARE VARIATIONS OF THE MURRAY NAME, INCLUDING MORAY, MURRIE, MURRY, MACMURRAY, MORROW AND THE IRISH VARIANTS O'MURRAY, MURRIHY AND O'MUIREADHAIGH. FAMOUS FAMILY MEMBERS INCLUDE PRESIDENT FRANKLIN, HIS GREAT-GREAT-GREAT-GRANDFATHER. FOR EXAMPLE: THE BRUCES THE BRUCE CLAN WAS ONE OF THE RICHEST AND MOST POWERFUL CLANS OF THE TWELFTH TO FOURTEENTH CENTURIES. IT GAVE RISE TOTWO KINGS OF SCOTLAND, INCLUDING ROBERT BRUCE, WHO LED THE SCOTTISH ARMY AT THE BATTLE OF BANNOCKBURN IN 1314, WHERE HEFAMOUSLY DEFEATED AN ENGLISH ARMY OUTNUMBERED THREE TO ONE DONALD (MACDONALD) A COMMON SCOTTISH SURNAME, THE CHIEFS OF CLAN DONALD (OR MACDONALD) WERE THE LARGEST LANDOWNERS FOR CENTURIES, AFTER THE KINGS OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND. THE CLAN CONTROLLED THE WATERWAYS OF THE WESTERN HIGHLANDS AND THEHEBRIDES, EARNING ITS FORMER LEADERS THE FLATTERING NICKNAMEOF LORDS OF THE ISLES. GREGOR (MACGREGOR) CLAN GREGOR IS THE CLAN OF THE LEGENDARY ROB ROY MACGREGOR,AN 18TH CENTURY SOLDIER AND CATTLE RANCHER WHO WAS CONSIDERED AN OUTLAW AFTER DEFAULTING ON A DEBT. AFTER CARRYING OUT HIS OWN VENDETTA AGAINST THE DUKE OF MONTROSE,HE WAS ELEVATED TO THE STATUS OF FOLK HERO, THANKS IN PART TOSIR WALTER SCOTT'S BOOK ABOUT HIM. THE CLAN WAS ALSO ONE OFTHE FIRST SCOTTISH FAMILIES TO PLAY THE BAGPIPES IN THE 17TH CENTURY. Iain, Zadig, Amelia, Oliwia
Pisces: This week, you may feel a strong sense ofintuition guiding you. Trust your instincts and listen to your inner voice. It's a great time to reflect on your goals and make any necessary adjustments. Remember to take care of yourself and prioritize self-care. Good week, Pisces! Taurus: Stability and comfort are always important to you, butthis period invites a gentle shake-up in your routine. Consider howsmall changes can lead to big improvements in your personal andprofessional life. Financial matters are highlighted, urging you toplan and possibly invest wisely. Cultivate patience, as the fruits ofyour labor may take time to manifest. In relationships,communication is key—be open and honest about your needs andlisten carefully to those of others. Embrace the balance betweenold and new, finding harmony in growth.HOROSCOPE HOROSCOPE Capricorn: This week, you may find yourself feeling more ambitious and driven than usual. It's a great time to set goals and work towards them. Just remember to take breaks and not pushyourself too hard. Trust your instincts and stayfocused. Good luck, Capricorn! Aquarius: This week, you may feel a surge of creativity and inspiration. It's a great time to explore your artistic side or dive into a new project. Trust your intuition and embrace your unique ideas. Don't be afraid to think outside the box, Aquarius! Aries: Your energy and drive are at a peak, making this a perfect time to tackle new projects and pursue goals with renewed vigor. Be bold and take the lead, especially in situations where your initiative can shine. However, temper your assertiveness with patience, as not everyone can match your pace. Relationships require your attention; practice listening as much as you lead. Embrace challenges as opportunities to grow and remember to celebrate your victories, no matter how small.
Libra: You are peaceful except when making a decision, your biggest fault, you are indecisive. But don't worry, according to our astrologist, this week no difficult decisions will have to be made and even some could make you happy. In a few days, you will even be a star and you will parade in the biggest venues. Gemini: With your natural curiosity and adaptable nature, this is a great time for exploration and learning. Embrace new opportunities that come your way, but remember to stay grounded amidst the excitement. Communication will be key in all areas of your life, so be open and honest with those around you. Trust your intuition to guide you through any challenges that may arise. Overall, embrace change and embrace the journey ahead with enthusiasm and optimism. Virgo: Virgos, you're often very observant, butyou never saw it coming! Your life will light upwhen you see him, that person who hauntsyour thoughts will finally speak to you. Thiscould be the beginning of a true love story.The only advice our astrologist can give you isto take your time, the wheel will turn andeverything will be fine!! Scorpio: Scorpios, you are loyal but alsoextremely jealous. This week our astrologist seesan unexpected person who will be there to laughwhen you need them to come and pick you upfrom your fall, perhaps this person will changeyour mood and the way you see things. Cancer: The adjective that best describes you is benevolenceand empathy, but be careful not to be too kind! On the social side, this week you need to clear your head. If you don't take a break soon, friendships will be broken… Our astrologist's advice is to go and relax in a bar, and who knows, maybe you'll meet your soulmate! Leo: Leos, you've always been very ambitious and attentive to your friends, but beware! Don't be too clingy, because you could become a burden to your friends and family... Our astrologist has only one solution to this, isolate yourself, learn a new language, read books and go for a walk alone!! Sagittarius: Your restlessness and optimism are reassuring but be careful not to overdo it. The fact that you are always restless will push you to do new things this week and even meet a celebrity who will change your life. Little advice from our astrologist, be careful of the people around you. MARION,LOUANE,HANIA AND JULIA
Answers of the International Crossword Puzzle Secret Word : Teamwork