Smart Reader 040623

FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER March 23, 2023 1 "Very, very pleased, the extra bit of personal touch was so appreciated." -Joanne J. "Very, very pleased, the extra bit of personal touch was so appreciated." -Joanne J. Visit us at 3016 75th St. Kenosha SR120122 Volume 21 - #7 April 6, 2023 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE! IS THE AI GENIE OUT OF THE BOTTLE? A WORRIED ELON MUSK, ANDREW YANG AND STEVE WOZNIAK SEEM TO THINK SO!

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2 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F Cover photos credit: Waynes: Mike Wallace & Chad Greenway; Gordon: UPI Smart Reader is published bi-weekly by Carmichael Communications Editor & Publisher/Frank J. Carmichael • Assistant to the Publisher/Reanna Stockdale • Sales/Kim Carmichael, Donny Stancato Editorial Manager/Jason Hedman • Ad Design & Layout/Glen Kelly, Kristin Monticelli • Reception/Sarah Coleman Carmichael Communications 1420 63rd Street, Kenosha, WI 53143 April 6, 2023 - Volume 21 Number 7 262-564-8800 • 1-800-568-6623 • www.hap2it.com Hundreds of tech leaders and researchers are warning artificial intelligence labs to immediately stop training AI systems with humancompetitive intelligence that "can pose profound risks to society and humanity." The open letter to AI labs was signed by Elon Musk, Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak and politician Andrew Yang, in addition to more than 1,300 other bignamed tech experts. The letter blasts AI labs for failing to attain a high level of planning and management, as it called for a pause of "at least 6 months" on the training of "AI systems more powerful than GPT-4." "Recent months have seen AI labs locked in an out of control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one -- not even their creators -- can understand, predict, or reliably control," the letter, published by the nonprofit Future of Life Institute, warned. "Advanced AI could represent a profound change in the history of life on Earth, and should be planned for and managed with commensurate care and resources," the letter said. The letter also called on governments to step in and issue a moratorium, if AI experiments are not stopped immediately, while creating independent regulators to make sure all future systems are safe. "Powerful AI systems should be developed only once we are confident that their effects will be positive and their risks will be manageable," the letter said. The letter from tech experts comes two weeks after OpenAI announced GPT-4, the next-generation of AI technology found in chatbot tool, ChatGPT, which is currently used in Microsoft and Google products. Open AI claims GPT-4 can pass a simulated bar exam with a score in the top 10% of test takers. "Contemporary AI systems are now becoming human-competitive at general tasks," tech leaders warned. "We must ask ourselves: Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling ones? Should we develop nonhuman minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete and replace us? Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?" the letter queried. OpenAI has posed similar questions about regulating AI systems. "At some point, it may be important to get independent review before starting to train future systems, and for the most advanced efforts to agree to limit the rate of growth of compute used for creating new models," OpenAI said in a recent statement, to which the letter responded: "We agree. That point is now." By Sheri Walsh Elon Musk, tech leaders call for pause in AI race to prevent risk to 'humanity' SpaceX founder Elon Musk and hundreds of tech leaders are warning artificial intelligence labs, in an open letter, to immediately stop the "out of control" advanced AI race for six months to make sure all systems are safe, or face "profound risks to society and humanity." A growing number of businesses are taking advantage of artificial intelligence. One such company is South Korea's Hyundai Department Store, which announced it will use AI technology to write its advertising copy starting this month. The company said its effort will be aided by an AI copywriting system named Lewis, designed to produce copy for ads and marketing materials. The new system is powered by HyperCLOVA, a massive Korean languageenabled AI platform developed by South Korea's top Internet company Naver. It is comparable to GPT-3 of OpenAI. Hyundai, Korea's leading retailer, had Lewis review copy from more than 10,000 ads from the past three years using machine learning. "Just with some specific keywords, Lewis can come up with copy for multiple ads in less than 10 seconds. Of course, the final decision on which ad to use remains with human managers," a Hyundai official told UPI News Korea. "In the past, it took minimum of a few weeks to write new ads. With Lewis, however, three or four hours is sufficient," he said. Asked to craft ad copy for a perfume with the two key terms "art fair" and "20- somethings," Lewis quickly came up with a phrase (in Korean), "Wanna be on the inside? Let's come together at Hyundai." In response to two other key terms, "spring" and "school orientation" (Korea's school year starts in March), the program offered, "Your new start, captured in a fragrance." Lewis is named after British writer C.S. Lewis, the author of The Chronicles of Narnia. Industry experts expect the advent of ChatGPT will likely prompt more companies to embrace AI solutions. "Until recently, corporate leaders viewed AI as a distant technology. something to be embraced by later generations," Seoulbased business tracker Leaders Index CEO Park Jugun said in a phone interview. "But ChatGPT has demonstrated that AI is ready for use now. As a result, more and more corporations will prepare themselves to take advantage of AI technology for various aspects of business sooner than later," he said. The share price of Hyundai Department Store slumped 1.27% last Monday and 0.55% last Tuesday on the South Korean stock exchange. By Kim Ji-Woo & Kim Tae-gyu Korean department store using AI to write ads Hyundai Department Store workers test an AI copywriting system, named Lewis, at the retailer's office in Seoul. The retail group plans to introduce the AI copywriter beginning next month.

FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 3 As local newspapers grapple with dwindling budgets and overloaded journalists, some newsrooms are experimenting with an idea that skeptics say threatens the very role of reporters: integrating artificial intelligence into the newsroom. Editors remain cautious about the use of AI in reporting, one major reason being that it cannot distinguish between fact and fiction. But used responsibly, they say, it can provide a cost-effective toolkit to ease the load on local journalists while augmenting their coverage – for instance, with AIproduced summaries of city council meetings. Silicon Valley AI firm OpenAI helped fuel the interest – and debate – related to AI writing and reporting when it released its conversational chatbot, ChatGPT, in late 2022. The AI-powered program can quickly respond to text commands and then write essays, summarize books, and produce financial reports. Its release garnered national attention – and additional funding from Microsoft. In California’s Humboldt County, 300 miles north of Silicon Valley, Hank Sims and his local newsroom, the Lost Coast Outpost, started experimenting with ChatGPT last year. The online-only newsroom used the program to develop its own version, dubbed LoCOBot. The program downloads and summarizes agendas of local public meetings. Mr. Sims says LoCOBot replaces the human need to scan through scheduled lengthy agendas of city council and other meetings, and frees up reporters to investigate larger stories. “Our reporters love it because it notifies them automatically when a new agenda is published and it provides a sort of quick, you know, at-a-glance view on our own side of what the council’s going to be talking about,” says Mr. Sims. LoCOBot is open to the public and easily accessible through Lost Coast Outpost’s website. Beyond summarizing the agenda items in concise, professional language, LoCOBot can elevate dry, bureaucratic prose into humor and verse. For example, a City Council meeting agenda for the small town of Arcata had its Cinderella moment when LoCOBot transformed it into a bedtime story: “Once upon a time, in the City of Arcata, there lived a Finance Director named Tabatha. She was a hardworking and dedicated employee, who was responsible for overseeing the city’s budget.” In all likelihood, the finance director is indeed “hardworking and dedicated.” But of course, LoCOBot never interviewed the director or looked into her work record – making that amusing fairy-tale presentation a bit of a cautionary tale about AI’s shortcomings. Many experts say that real journalists who ask questions and follow leads still have an essential role to play in unbiased reporting of the news and uncovering of the truth. Conversational chatbots, or large language models like ChatGPT, have no way of distinguishing between true and false, explains Nir Eisikovits, director of the Applied Ethics Center at the University of Massachusetts Boston. He says they cannot be trusted because there are no builtin guardrails. To use AI responsibly in newsrooms, a human reporter is always needed to double-check AIproduced work. “I think there’s a great irony that journalists – the profession whose reason for existence is uncovering the truth – would rely on a tool that has no capacity to distinguish between truth and falsehood,” says Mr. Eisikovits. “The more important the story and the higher the stakes, the less I would rely on AI.” Despite such concerns, the Lost Coast Outpost has not had any problems with misinformation or the accuracy of LoCOBot, according to Mr. Sims. This is mainly because LoCOBot has simple, direct commands to summarize texts, not to generate openended responses. He adds that their publication is cautious and intentional with bylines – transparently labeling work performed by the program. As part of the ongoing effort to help local newsrooms integrate automation and AI technology, The Associated Press and other news organizations are funding the expansion of AI technology across the country, from Michigan to Puerto Rico. In Michigan, reporter Dustin Dwyer is responsible for covering nearly the entire west side of the Great Lakes State for Michigan Radio’s WUOMFM. When newspapers were thriving, Mr. Dwyer relied on local news as a resource. But as newspapers dwindled, Mr. Dwyer was stretched thin and his coverage became strained, he says. “For example, in Cedar Springs, Michigan, their little newspaper just closed down,” explains Mr. Dwyer. “There’s no one covering Cedar Springs City Council meetings right now and I can’t get there. So is there another way to get coverage of all these other localities? Is there a way to still give people the tools they need to be informed about the meetings with the realities that we’re facing in local news and in staffing?” For the last three years, Mr. Dwyer and fellow reporters at Michigan Radio have been using their own program developed inhouse, called Minutes, to create transcripts of city council and subcommittee meetings for over 40 cities throughout the state. Minutes has transcribed over 5,000 recordings and made transcripts available to reporters. Mr. Dwyer says that accuracy with AI remains a huge concern. Transcriptions help reporters search for key words and phrases, but Minutes is far from foolproof, meaning fast talkers and grumbled phrases are susceptible to mistranscription. And yet, Mr. Dwyer sees AI as a viable tool for reporters, not their replacement. “It allows a reporter like me to get a lot more coverage to the audience than I could just doing it by myself.” With AP’s help, Michigan Radio will expand and improve Minutes’ audio transcription capabilities with OpenAI’s speech-totext program, Whisper. Renee Richardson, managing editor at the Brainerd Dispatch in Brainerd, Minnesota, is the latest trailblazer for AI integration in her local newsroom. Their AI experiment will launch in June. By working with a developer to create an AI program to automate public safety announcements from police blotters, Ms. Richardson hopes to maximize efficiency for her staff’s workflow and give something invaluable back to the Dispatch’s reporters: time. “We’re constantly asking our staff to do more and provide more information in many more ways. Whether that be social media, video podcasts, audio segments, all of our photography, or all those pieces that go into it. Rarely do we do much that gives them time back. The benefit I see for this is finally giving them that time back.” And the idea that AI might one day turn reporters into an extinct species? “When you think, ‘Is this something that would take over what I do for my job?’ the answer for us is that, no, that’s just going to free you up to do even better, more impactful work.” By Troy Aidan Sambajon Can AI programs be trusted to report the news? 0 of ng aid to ed: is lsh f e y n k u Kenosha Funeral Services and Crematory Prepay for your funeral now and the price will be guaranteed. 8226 Sheridan Rd. Kenosha, WI 53143 (262) 652-1943 www.kenosha-funeral-services.com SR032323 Quality • Value • Service When you need it the most When you need it the most Complete Funeral…… $7,300 Includes: Professional Service Fee, Embalming, Other Preparations, 1 Hour Visitation, Funeral Service, Graveside Service, Use of Funeral Coach & Other Necessary Vehicles, 20 ga. Steel Non-Sealing Casket. 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4 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F W F ye in b It tr p U Je d d su ro e b w F a c fo b th th p m a R N g te a le It fig k q p to 2 R si h e st p ad a st “o b m fu st e o w th in P c “T b b m a in a c Why some MAGA voters won’t protest for Trump Most Democrats and some Republicans see the Jan. 6, 2021, Capitol riot as a singularly disqualifying event for Donald Trump’s third candidacy for the White House. In response, Mr. Trump seems to be deliberately leaning into one of the most infamous days in American history, following his playbook of turning a weakness into a strength by accusing the government and the media of unfairly persecuting him and his followers. At his first 2024 campaign rally, in Waco, Texas, on Saturday, a jumbo screen featured video footage of that day. Mr. Trump held his hand on his heart as speakers played “Justice for All,” a chart-topping remix of the national anthem that was recorded by supporters currently imprisoned for their role in the insurrection. But as the 2024 presidential campaign gets underway, it’s clear that the legacy of that day hangs over the Republican primary in complicated – and not always positive – ways. Even among some of Mr. Trump’s biggest fans. As prosecutors continue to convict those who participated in the Capitol riot, with more arrests anticipated, many Trump supporters say they’re reluctant to protest in person now – as evidenced by how few, so far, have responded to his recent call to turn out in opposition to an anticipated indictment in New York. And while many on the right express frustration with the Department of Justice, Democrats, and the media, there’s also a discernible vein of resentment directed at Mr. Trump himself. Some former and even current Trump supporters note that the former president didn’t do much to help those arrested or convicted of crimes following the riot. While many say they will probably still vote for Mr. Trump in 2024, it’s clear the aftermath of Jan. 6 has left a bitter taste – and soured at least some of them on the man himself. “Trump asked people to protest after the 2020 election, then abandoned them. ... Trump abandoned some of his most faithful followers,” says Rick McCargar, a Trump voter from Portsmouth, Virginia, who went to Washington to protest Mr. Trump’s loss after the 2020 election, but before Jan. 6. “I look at this [pending indictment] and say, ‘He didn’t do anything to help those people.’ So would I stand out in the rain, sleet, or snow for him now? No.” Independent analysts confirm that this could be a challenge for Mr. Trump. “The last time Donald Trump called supporters to protest his election loss on Jan. 6, more than 1,000 people faced criminal charges,” says GOP pollster Whit Ayres. “That might give some people pause before they answer Trump’s call to protest this time. You could end up losing your job, your freedom, your family.” A sense of abandonment In his speech Saturday, Mr. Trump also focused on a more immediate legal threat that has consumed him and his team over the past few weeks. Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg has convened a grand jury to consider an indictment for hush money payments to porn actress Stormy Daniels that were paid ahead of the 2016 election allegedly at Mr. Trump’s behest. And the looming indictment has seemingly given Mr. Trump a bump in the polls: A recent Monmouth poll shows the former president expanding his lead over presumed opponent Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis. “Our opponents have done everything they can to crush our spirit and break our will,” Mr. Trump said to a crowd holding campaignissued “Witch Hunt” signs. “But they’ve failed. They’ve only made us stronger.” Mr. Trump took to social media last week to call for protests. New York police erected steel barricades around a Manhattan courthouse. Reporters set up cameras. Republican lawmakers such as House Speaker Kevin McCarthy spoke out, discouraging protests and urging “calmness.” The only New York City protest that materialized last week had more reporters than Trump supporters. In the days since, his social media posts have escalated. He re-posted a photo of himself holding a baseball bat next to an image of Mr. Bragg, and overnight Thursday he questioned how Mr. Bragg could bring a case against him when it is “known that potential death & destruction in such a false charge could be catastrophic for our Country.” It continued over the weekend: “We must stop them cold!” he wrote. Yet so far, even some of Mr. Trump’s most adamant supporters have declined to organize. Ali Alexander, one of the “Stop the Steal” rally organizers, tweeted that while protests must “remain part of the human tradition forever,” Trump supporters should not protest in Manhattan. Conspiracy theorist Alex Jones said he has “an issue” with Mr. Trump’s requests for protests because he is trying to “use” his supporters, who could find themselves in a predicament similar to Jan. 6. Conservative talk radio host Jesse Kelly urged his followers not to protest, because the last time Mr. Trump called on his supporters to do so, “he left them all to rot in jail without so much as a penny from him in legal fees.” It could be that more proTrump demonstrations are coming, and supporters will be out in the streets when – or if – there’s news of an arrest. But it also seems to be the case that Jan. 6 has had a chilling effect on supporters’ willingness to heed Mr. Trump’s calls for physical demonstrations. “There is a small number of people who want to protest with flag waves, stuff like that,” says Suzzanne Monk, a Trump supporter who was at the Capitol on Jan. 6 but says she never went inside. As chair of the Patriot Action PAC, Ms. Monk has been active in protesting the conditions of the Washington jail where Jan. 6 defendants have been held. “Most of us, the large majority of Trump supporters, have a concern about being at a physical protest after the Jan. 6 situation,” says Ms. Monk. “Things can be volatile.” Indeed, the repercussions from Jan. 6, which continue, have in many cases been severe. According to a database maintained by NPR, more than 1,000 people have been charged by the federal government or the District of Columbia, and 58% of those sentenced thus far have received prison time. Earlier this month, four defendants who marched with the far-right group the Oath Keepers were convicted of conspiring to obstruct an official proceeding. Last week, one woman was sentenced to three years in prison after storming the Capitol and leading rioters to the office of then-Speaker Nancy Pelosi. Mr. Trump has promised “full pardons with an apology” to many of the Jan. 6 defendants if elected. Still, some Trump supporters say they resent that the former president hasn’t done more to help those arrested or convicted of crimes. Loyalty, they say, goes both ways. Could an indictment help Trump? Mike Bordes, a Republican state representative from Laconia, New Hampshire, says he disagrees with the media’s labeling of Jan. 6 as an “insurrection.” Still, the events of that day definitely “went too far,” he says, and it played a small role – among other things – in Mr. Bordes’ decision not to vote for Mr. Trump again in 2024. “He left them out to dry,” says Mr. Bordes of the Jan. 6 defendants. “We need law and order in this country, and Jan. 6 was bad decisions all around. ... We got mad when Black Lives Matter burned down buildings, so why is it OK for Republicans to do the same? It’s hypocrisy.” In many far-right social media channels, recurring memes and complaints echo Mr. Bordes’ observation. One meme especially prevalent on Gab and Truth Social shows a photo of a man in jail in a red "Make America Great Again" hat, as Mr. Trump peers through the bars and says with a smirk, “If you ever get out, be sure to vote for me in 2024. Seeya!” Of course, many users reply to Mr. Trump’s posts with messages of support. But some frustration can also be discerned. “What have you done to help the J6 prisoners?” writes one user named Dottie. “Absolutely nothing.” It’s difficult to know the true identity of these users – some could be bots or supporters of rival candidates. But the fact that these conversations are happening in these spaces is notable. Still, a New York indictment could help Mr. Trump electorally. “This [case] allows him to be consistent with everything he said from the minute he ran for president: The system is rigged,” says GOP strategist Douglas Heye, adding that the Trump campaign has raised $1.5 million just over the past few days. In lieu of physical protests, supporters tell the Monitor they are calling Mr. Bragg’s office to complain about the case. Several “Trump 2024” Facebook groups repeatedly post the phone number of the Manhattan district attorney, with suggested messages for callers. And come election season, voters will protest for Mr. Trump “at the ballot box,” says Marie March, a Virginia state delegate who was inspired to run for office after attending Mr. Trump’s Stop the Steal rally in Washington on Jan. 6. “I’m going to be honest: A lot of people were saying, ‘Well, Trump is just so loud,’ and they were giving him” a hard time, says Ms. March. “Now they are all back on the bandwagon. They are all fired up again.” By Story Hinckley Former President Donald Trump stands while a song, "Justice for All," is played during a campaign rally at Waco Regional Airport, March 25, 2023, in Waco, Texas.

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 With credibility at stake, Fed fires new volley at inflation Having spent the past year single-mindedly fighting inflation, America’s central bank now faces a dilemma. Its inflation fight may be triggering an equally big problem: a recession in the United States. If Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell can bring down inflation and avoid a deep recession, he will have successfully negotiated a rough passage for the economy. But if his inflation battle proves ineffective, he will further damage the Fed’s credibility, which is already tarnished with costly mistakes last year. “Credibility is important for everybody, but central banks especially, because their prime function over the centuries has been to preserve the value of money,” says Michael Bordo, an economic historian at Rutgers in New Brunswick, New Jersey. “And when that gets eroded, that is terrible.” Last Wednesday, the Fed acknowledged the leadership challenge it faces. It stuck to its inflationfighting mandate, hiking a key bank lending rate by a quarter of a percentage point, bringing interest rates to their highest level since 2007, the eve of the Great Recession. But it also signaled that those rate hikes could be coming to an end. Its post-meeting statement referred to the possibility of “some additional firming” of rates, as opposed to previous statements’ references to “ongoing increases.” In essence, the central bank is preparing financial markets and the public for a future pivot point where it stops fighting inflation and either takes a neutral stance or starts to support a weakening economy. But that time is not yet. “We have to bring inflation down to 2%,” Mr. Powell said at a press conference Wednesday. “There are real costs to bring about 2% [inflation], but the costs of failing are much higher. ... You can have a long series of years where inflation is high and volatile and it’s hard to invest capital. It’s hard for an economy to perform well.” Mr. Powell and the Fed missed the boat when inflation began to rise two years ago, many economists say. At the time, the Fed argued the jump in prices was temporary, driven by pandemic-related supply chain shortages rather than an increase in demand. After a costly year of inaction in which headline inflation surged to 40-year highs, the Fed finally made a U-turn almost exactly a year ago and began to raise interest rates in a bid to slow the economy and bring inflation down. Wednesday’s move, though smaller than the half-point hike that had been widely expected until recently, marks the ninth rate hike in the past year. A test for Powell Mr. Powell’s single-minded aggressiveness has helped rebuild his reputation. “I have never been a big fan” of the Fed chair, says Charles Calomiris, a Columbia Business School professor and former chief economist of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. “But you know, I’ve been impressed that he’s actually been fairly straight. He’s actually been honest about his mandate to maintain a long-term inflation target.” That stick-to-it quality may be sorely tested now that the economy is looking increasingly fragile, especially in the tech and banking sectors. Vulnerable industries typically wobble as interest rates rise, making it more expensive to take out new loans and service some forms of existing debt. Such periods call for extremely fine judgment. Raise rates too high and the economy sinks into a deep recession. Stop raising rates too early and the U.S. could get something even worse: a slow-growth economy with inflation that stays stubbornly high, a condition known as stagflation. After such an episode in the 1970s, the Fed under Chair Paul Volcker raised rates to 20%, sending the economy into a deep recession but inaugurating a quarter century of low-inflation growth. These periods – when curbing inflation can impose short-term hardship on the economy – also give rise to growing industry and political criticism of the Fed. “It takes a certain amount of courage to be able to go against the pressures that are coming from the Congress and the financial markets,” says Mr. Bordo of Rutgers. In another sense, however, this period of perceived economic vulnerability helps the Fed. If markets and businesses believe that the Fed is going to do what it said it would do, then typically banks and other lenders grow cautious and start to turn away borrowers or charge them more for taking out loans. Companies delay plans for expansion and begin to lay off workers. These moves, in essence, do the Fed’s work by slowing the economy without the central bank having to boost rates further. In recent days, economists have tried to predict the effects of such private-sector moves, suggesting they might slow the economy by the same amount as a Fed interest rate hike of anywhere between 0.5 and 1.5 percentage points. “The events of the last two weeks are likely to result in some tightening credit conditions for households and businesses,” Mr. Powell said at the press conference. “The question is, how significant will this credit tightening be and how sustainable?” Bank troubles to address One of the big concerns is that a Fed-engineered slowdown could trigger a banking crisis. The collapse of two banks earlier this month has set off a wave of worries that other banks will fail. 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6 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F Ruth Goodrich celebrated Christmas doing something no one in her family had done before. Boiling maple syrup. Goodrich Maple Farm in Vermont’s Washington County has been familyowned since 1840, and Ruth and her husband, Glenn, have operated the business for the past four decades. They started with 25 trees and have expanded to 150,000. Ms. Goodrich has seen it all, but tapping trees in December was a first, as winter brought rain instead of snow. “That was the earliest we’ve ever boiled,” says Ms. Goodrich. Due to the warm New England winter, a season that normally would have begun in early March started three months early. “Mother Nature’s doing her own thing,” says Ms. Goodrich. “I say she does what she wants when she wants to. The trees simply cope.” The Northeast Regional Climate Center dubbed this New England’s “Winter that Wasn’t,” with temperatures that ranged up to 8 degrees Fahrenheit above normal. “What normally would have been just a warm winter has become warmer due to climate change,” says Jonathan Winter, associate professor in the department of geography at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. “I don’t think we should assume that every winter from 2023 forward will be this warm, I don’t expect that it will. But I do think this year is a good example of … these types of winters becoming more common. It’s a useful indicator of where we’re headed.” And that could have economic effects on small businesses from Maine to Connecticut. “Businesses that are tied directly to the environment are going to be adversely affected because of seasonal movement,” says Madhavi Venkatesan, an economist at Northeastern University in Boston whose focus is sustainability integrated into economics. “The smartest businesses are going to be the ones that start to adjust to truly being operationally sustainable rather than trying to hold onto the profits they’ve had in the past,” says Dr. Venkatesan. “The time is changing, and they are part of the future. They have a civic responsibility to the communities that they live in to educate and be the catalyst for change.” Warmer temperatures have affected more than just maple sugaring time. Skiing, a favorite winter sport in New England, has been more of a challenge for resorts. Wachusett Mountain in Westminster, Massachusetts, has been preparing for warmer temperatures for years. They installed a new pump house around 10 years ago that doubled their snowmaking abilities. “Our snowmaking system is pretty much unmatched, and our skiers have been loving it,” says Chris Stimpson, public relations manager for Wachusett. Just two days of below 27 degrees F before the holidays enabled the mountain to “blow some pretty serious piles of snow.” “Even if we don’t get natural snow, if we have cold temps, we can get this place open quick,” says Mr. Stimpson. As of March 15, the number of skiers this year is running 5% ahead of last year. The resort's adaptability is not uncommon in the Northeast. “Eastern ski resort operators, they’re really hearty folk,” says Adrienne Isaac, director of marketing and communications for the National Ski Areas Association. “They’re very good at being resilient and adapting to these sorts of situations.” Resorts have found other ways to keep economically viable, according to Ms. Isaac. Activities such as weddings, adventure courses, or even golf help keep the business afloat. Another option: fat biking. Maine Huts & Trails, a nonprofit providing backcountry experiences in the Carrabassett Valley in Maine, was known predominantly for its crosscountry skiing and snowshoeing. Executive director Wolfe Tone, however, has recently been putting the focus on fat biking, or mountain biking in the snow. The town of Carrabassett Valley, local ski resort Sugarloaf, and Maine Huts & Trails have been working closely for the past few years to expand mountain biking opportunities, especially for the winter season. “The more that we can offer for people to do, the greater the draw to get people to stay here,” says Mr. Tone. “That’s a shared strategy of all the participants of the winter economy up here.” He says if the conditions aren’t good for cross-country skiing, they’re great for fat biking. The nonprofit is seeing more and more fat bikers on the trails every year. “My first winter [in 2018], it snowed just after Halloween and the snow didn’t leave until after April,” says Mr. Tone. “These last two winters, we’ve had torrential rainstorms at Christmas. We’re definitely seeing some of these extremes and patterns.” He’s asked frequently if climate change creates worries for his business. “Yes, undeniably,” says Mr. Tone. But, he flips it. Although the climate is more variable, he says, his part of New England is going to receive snow the longest. “This is still a very important winter region,” he says. But some New Englanders lament the lack of a winter wonderland. “This winter isn’t winter,” says Sue Paul. She’s lived in the region for all 70 years of her life. She remembers her childhood sledding down hills with friends and skating in the park. Now, her grandkids might never experience an outdoor ice rink. She describes sending her grandkids a picture of the three inches of snow she received after a March nor’easter, and the kids being jealous because they had only gotten rain an hour away in North Easton. They’ve only been able to make “puny” snowmen in their lifetimes. “Going out in the snow, coming back for hot chocolate, you know the whole tradition,” says Ms. Paul. “It’s not there anymore.” Yet other traditions continue. And the Goodrich’s maple syrup season, although unpredictable, always ends with a maple festival in St. Albans, Vermont, where syrup makers across New England gather to compare who made the most that season. “There’s a brotherhood and camaraderie among sugar makers,” says Ms. Goodrich. “Even though we’re all competitors, we’re all on the same team fighting Mother Nature and fatigue and breakdowns and everything else.” By Sara Lang Puny snowmen? Biking in January? New England’s winter that wasn’t. Passers-by walk their bikes up a hill in a residential area near the Statehouse on Beacon Hill, Feb. 13, 2023, in Boston. For much of the Eastern United States, the winter of 2023 has been a bust. “The core of what crisisfighting requires is speed, flexibility, and clout,” says Robert Bruner, a professor of business administration at the University of Virginia at Charlottesville and coauthor of “The Panic of 1907.” “You really have to intervene fast.” So far, he’s cautiously optimistic that regulators can contain the fears. Although regulators weren’t able to prevent an old-fashioned run from collapsing one of the failed banks, the Fed along with the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. did step in afterward to avoid similar problems elsewhere. The regulators used a special provision to bail out all the failed banks’ depositors, even those with more than the maximum insured by the FDIC, and loans to the banks for bonds at their par value rather than their diminished market value. U.S. bankers are working on backstopping First Republic, whose shares have dropped nearly 90% this month. And on Sunday, the Swiss government engineered the buyout of long-troubled Credit Suisse by that nation’s largest bank, UBS. “You need a good story” Mr. Powell also has some room for maneuvering, says Pierre Siklos, an economics professor at Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Ontario. As Fed chair, he has the power not only to act but also to shape public expectations through what he says. “You need a good story, a story that’s believable to the financial analysts – those who are experts – and the general public; [then] they can say, ‘Yeah, that makes sense,’” he says. “The language that you use and the story that you provide are critical.” That’s what President Franklin Roosevelt did in his first fireside chat, a few days after his inauguration, when he told Americans what he was doing to end the bank runs of the Great Depression, says Andrew Metrick, director of the Yale Program on Financial Stability and former chief economist at the White House Council of Economic Advisers. It’s what Mario Draghi, as head of the European Central Bank, did in 2012 when in the midst of a currency crisis he uttered the now-famous words: “The ECB is ready to do whatever it takes to preserve the euro. And believe me, it will be enough.” Both men soothed fears and solved the financial problems of their day, says Mr. Metrick. “Just be as clear as possible about what it is that the government can and will do, and do it in a credible way.” Ultimately, though, Mr. Powell’s leadership may be judged by how well his words match the economy’s performance, says Mr. Bordo of Rutgers. “The only way Powell is going to come out of this looking good is if they pull it off – in other words, if we don’t have a recession or it’s a mild one and inflation goes down to 2% and we don’t have a huge banking panic.” By Laurent Belise Inflation continued from page 5 B c b V a a t d y i I l c f a T i I i i p l l o a L c t A w a w p s S w s c P o p h p h c w “ s y v c o C I n t a p o C o a N G C C b y s b V

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 7 e h ds ey ur n. o n w, ot e s. re ns e p h ds St. re w re at d g s. h re ng e d ng d e r. e s ’s o y t y if r n e g e If you’re looking for Spring Break activities for the kids, check out our Spring Break blog post at VisitKenosha.com/Blog. It’s also time to start thinking about summer camps before they are all filled up! I’ve done some research to get you started; I’ve also included other fun activities. I’m sure this isn’t a complete list of options, and please contact each place directly for details! The summer acting camps at Actor's Craft 7th Avenue Theater & Acting Studio include Professional Acting Intensive for ages 10-18. This is for those who are interested in acting as a profession or who would like to land good roles in local productions. Also offered are: Theater Games and Improv for ages 6-16, a Lights! Camera! Action! camp, and a camp pertaining to Kids On Camera Audition Technique. Anderson Arts Center will offer an art camp in July, as well as dance classes that will end with a dance production at the end of summer. Meanwhile, Lemon Street Gallery & ArtSpace will offer a two week summer plein air (outdoor) class for ages 7-12 at Union Park. Boundless Adventures, the outdoor aerial adventure park, offers both full day and half day summer camps. All participants ages 10+ will have access to the entire course, and kids under 10 will have access to the “blue” courses. There’s a strict age minimum of 7 years old. Carthage College offers volleyball camps, soccer camps (with an overnight option), and the Harand Camp of the Theatre Arts Inc. Harand offers quality non-competitive musical theater training for attendees ages 7-18; the participants stay on campus. Have a fun and safe time on the water! The Kenosha Community Sailing Center offers a variety of classes and programs for all ages. New additions include Grades 9-12 Teen Sailing Courses, a Boy Scout Sailing Course, and indoor wooden boatbuilding workshops for youth ages 8-11. The Sailing Center also offers S'Mores: Youth Sailing & More!, Grades 6-8 Youth Sailing Courses, family sailing courses, private sailing lessons, and adult courses. Kenosha Kingfish Baseball offers the Kids Club; registration is now open for the 2023 season. This is free for the first 500 kids (ages 5- 14) and includes five ticket vouchers for the child, a post-game VIP autograph access and team meet-andgreet, early access to Kingfish Baseball Clinics, and more. The Kenosha Public Museum offers these summer camps: Dinosaur Field (which includes the Dinosaur Discovery Museum), Star Wars, Archaeology Expedition, Making Art, Wizarding World, and Backyard Nature. There are two age categories for registration: ages 5-6 and ages 7-10. There are also teen camps for ages 11-14: Dungeons & Dragons and Printmaking. The 2023 Summer Day Camp at Kenosha YMCA is full and the waitlist is at capacity. However, at the time I’m writing this, there were still openings for the Preschool Camp. There are many drop-off camp programs for specific age groups at Pringle Nature Center. Topics include All About Animals, Wild Discoveries, Super Sleuths, Habitat Hunters, Young Naturalists, and Woodland Warriors. Kids ages 5-10 will enjoy nature crafts, hikes, games, and other exploration activities at Bristol Woods Park. Perhaps your kids will like Monday Night Stock Bike Racing at the Washington Park Velodrome. This is an introduction to track racing, geared to younger riders. Anyone from three years old (on training wheels) to adults can race. A track bike is not necessary; anyone with a bike and helmet can race. For information on these venues and more things to see and do in the Kenosha Area, use our website VisitKenosha.com to find #KenoshaFun faster. Visit Kenosha has been Kenosha’s official travel resource since 1986. Start thinking summer camps by Meridith Jumisko, Visit Kenosha Meridith Jumisko is Public Relations Director at Visit Kenosha. Contact her at [email protected] FOR EVENT TICKETS VISIT HAP2IT.COM STOP IN 1420 63RD ST. M-F 10am-4pm OR CALL 1-262-564-8800 040623 Every Wednesday • 7pm This isn’t your Nana’s Bingo Game Fun Prizes...No Cover ROCK & ROLL S o Music BINGO FREE If It’s Not Live, You’re Not Living! f It’s Not Live, You’re Not Living! Comedy & Music Every Weekend Visit Hap2it.com For Newly Announced Acts! Comedy & Music Every Weekend Visit Hap2it.com For Newly Announced Acts! 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8 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F Y Y C s y F a sp S th K C a W w p  W c n c h it c D p C E H o th k h e s at H A e u m u q T c re o This is a milestone column for me. It’s my 1,500th weekly column. For weeks leading up to this day, I’ve wanted to produce a column that will save you vast sums of money and prevent confrontations, sleepless nights and arguments. My goal is to empower you with all you need to know so that you have the same friendly relationship with your contractor for many years as I had with almost all of my clients. Based on my five decades of work experience, I know you’re in one camp or the other. What are those camps or tribes? Ponder these true stories and decide for yourself. Twenty years ago my future son-in-law came into my office as I was doing some HTML coding on my website. He asked about it and also wanted to know exactly what my Ask the Builder business was all about. One thing led to another and we started looking at my incoming email messages from homeowners like you. This was the moment in time I discovered he was a brilliant young man. After looking at six emails in a row, he said: “Mr. Carter, you may not realize this, but you’re in the life-preserver business. Each one of those homeowners is yelling at the top of their lungs for you to throw them a life preserver. You’re not in the how-to-swim business as you just told me.” He was referring to the fact that all my previous columns had been focused on sharing how to do this or that so that work is done the right way. Apparently, 95 percent of the people I was getting emails from weren’t paying attention to that messaging. They were drowning in DIY nightmares or jobs gone wrong with contractors. I’ve never forgotten that day, and I should have hung a life preserver on my office wall as a stark reminder. To prove this point, just two weeks ago I received this dreadful email from one of my newsletter subscribers. Roy has read each of my weekly newsletters for over 10 years. He wrote: “Thanks for sharing the story about Angel, who built a dormer with your advice. What an inspiration! "I wish I had called you before letting a con man steal my money by not finishing my basement. The worst thing is the relationship and mental/psychological stress, not the money. Being taken advantage of when you ‘should have known better’ and ‘how did you not ask for advice’ has taken a huge toll on me. "The money is a factor, obviously, but it can be replaced. The others may take years, if ever, to overcome. Finding out from our local permits department that this happens EVERY DAY to people was of no relief. It especially hurt me knowing that I am a subscriber of yours and could have asked for guidance, but I fell into his trap and got tunnel vision.” There are a handful of reasons why Roy got into trouble. The contractor could have been a pro at using powerful seductive psychology to persuade Roy to sign a contract. I’ve written extensively about this psychology in past columns and newsletters. Roy may have put far too much trust in the contractor. I could go on and on. Just days ago, Laurie hired me to help her. She lives in Texas and is about to buy a lot in Vermont where she’ll build a new timber-framed home. She’ll end up just about 100 miles from where I live in central New Hampshire. She had a list of very good questions. She wanted to know about how to purchase 10 or 15 acres that would require no blasting of bedrock ledge. She wanted to know about septic design. Her list of questions also included what it might cost to create a driveway into this wooded lot. Perhaps the biggest conundrum was separating the responsibilities of the timber-frame company and the actual builder. You see, the timber-frame company just sets their custom wood frame on a foundation provided by others. The difference between Roy and Laurie is as stark as night to day. Laurie sat and put thought into quite a few of the very important issues that she’s about to confront. I informed her that I could offer much more assistance and even drive to Vermont to help her choose the best lot if she wanted. After all, my college degree is in geology with a focus on hydrogeology. This means I know how to build houses that don’t have water leaks. Just before writing this column, I sent a list of 11 items that need attention to Mike down in Florida. He’s getting new siding on his home and wanted me to review the proposal his contractor sent to him. Like Laurie, Mike put the brakes on before breaking out the ballpoint pen. You should do the same. Engage your critical thinking skills and stop trusting contractors. Get advice from someone who doesn’t have a dog in the fight or research the best way to install things. Ask the Builder: Before you sign a contract, pause and get advice Subscribe to Tim’s FREE newsletter at AsktheBuilder.com. Tim offers phone coaching calls if you get stuck during a DIY job. Go here: go.askthebuilder.com /coaching Tim Carter joins Happenings Q&A on Tue. Apr. 25th at 1:30 pm on AM1050 WLIP. Many contractors do good work, and will happily build assurances into a contract. Others are merely good at persuading or pressuring you to sign a bad contract. You may need help distinguishing between the two. The sailing season is soon upon us … woohoo! That said, Kenosha’s great local adventure – sailing aboard Red Witch II on magnificent Lake Michigan -- will soon be in full swing. Red Witch II offers private events and public sails – namely, Day Sails and Sunset Sails. Whereas Day Sails are wonderful as passengers enjoy warm sun and gorgeous views, Sunset Sails have their own obvious magic … For thousands of years numerous civilizations have honored and celebrated sunsets as, indeed, these cultures felt that sunsets were (are) a sacred time. So let’s focus on the sunset sequence -- of course I’m referring to the sequence of setting sun followed by approximately twenty-ish minutes just after the sun has set – a process referred to sunset and dusk or, technically, twilight. So, let’s discuss sunset and the following three stages of twilight – and, conversely, sunrise and the preceding three stages of twilight. There are four distinct phases of the sunset sequence – “ technical sunset” followed by three phases of “twilight”. The term twilight was likely introduced by Swiss polymath J.H. Lambert in the 18th century but is not seen in literature until the early 19th century. Phase One: “(Technical) Sunset”. The sun is at zero degrees with regard to the horizon; the sun is level with the horizon. This is considered the beginning of the sunset sequence. Phase Two: “Civil Twilight”. The sun is positioned at just below 0 degrees to six degrees below the horizon. The rays from the sun indirectly light the sky from beneath the horizon; if clouds are present, the sun’s rays light, reflect upon, and refract through, the clouds. This is described as “civil” twilight as the indirect light from the sun is still strong enough, on clear days, to generate enough light for outdoor occupations. This is typically the most beautiful aspect of the sunset sequence. This phase lasts approximately 30 minutes in summer months (in the northern hemisphere). Phase Three: “Nautical Twilight”. The sun is positioned at between 6 degrees to 12 degrees beneath the horizon. The indirect light emitted from the sun is subtle. Both the horizon and brighter stars are visible, supporting navigation at sea. Note that the first stars become visible when the sun is 6 degrees below the horizon. This stage is referred to as Nautical Twilight as, in theory, we can navigate Red Witch II given an initial sighting of stars and as the horizon is still visible. Phase Four: “Astronomical Twilight”. The sun is positioned at (up to) 18 degrees below the horizon. Only stars are visible (not the horizon). The conclusion of this phase is absolutely dark – i.e., technical night. In cities with light pollution this phase may be relatively indistinguishable from night. Once the sun is 18 degrees beneath the horizon it is physically impossible for the sun’s rays to effect the sky – so the sky is dark. “Night”, technically speaking, is when the sun is 18 degrees beneath the horizon, following sunset – and until the sun is 18 degrees beneath the horizon, before sunrise. As an example, on June 14, 2019 in Kenosha. Sunset was at 8:30 p.m. Civil twilight was from 8:30 to 9:05 p.m. Nautical twilight was from 9:05 to 9:50 p.m. Astronomical twilight was from 9:50 p.m. to 10:45 p.m. Night was from 10:45 p.m. to 2:57 a.m. The inverse process then began – the “dawn sequence”. As such, astronomical dawn was from 2:57 to 3:53 a.m. Nautical dawn was from 3:53 to 4:38 a.m. Civil dawn was from 4:38 to 5:13 a.m. And technical dawn (sunrise) was at 5:13 a.m. As an aside, in case you’ve wondered why animals and birds wake before sunrise – they are extremely sensitive to the sun’s rays. Just after “technical night”, even during the initial process of Astronomical Twilight, which begins when the sun is 18 degrees beneath the horizon, the sun’s rays begin to faintly effect the sky – which animals and birds can sense. Join us aboard Red Witch II to experience the beauty of Kenosha’s sunsets – from the lake! The sunset sequence by Capt. Andrew Sadock After studying holistic healing across the world for many years, Captain Andrew Sadock served as a captain aboard architectural tour boats at Chicago’s Navy Pier, safely carrying 300,000 passengers on 3,500 trips. Sadock bought the “tall ship” Red Witch in 2011, sailing in Chicago until moving Red Witch to Kenosha in 2016. Tall Ship Red Witch offers private events and public sails in Kenosha (since 2016). Sadock also offers holistic healing and counseling services (and play in a band that offers musical concerts). Contact [email protected]

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 9 health lifestyle community Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center news April 6, 2023 Your Kenosha ADRC Update Your Voice. Your Choice. Who will speak for you if you can’t? Free event to be held April 21 “Who will speak on our behalf about medical care, if we cannot speak for ourselves? Asked Helen Sampson, Quality Coordinator with the ADRC and member of the Kenosha County Care Transition Coalition, “It is one of the things we actually can control. Because Wisconsin is not a next-of-kin state, we should be proactive about planning ahead as early as age 18.  With just a little time and thought, completing an advance directive is not hard. All adults can and should, complete a power of attorney for health care. It’s never too late, until it’s too late.” The public is invited to a celebration of National Healthcare Decisions Day Friday, April 21, 2 – 4 p.m. at the Kenosha County Job Center, 8600 Sheridan Road, Entrance A, Room N2. National Healthcare Decisions Day is an opportunity for Americans to make their future healthcare decisions known to family, friends and healthcare providers, through the establishment of advance directives, such as a living will or a power of attorney for healthcare. Rita Hagen, Executive Director of Hospice Alliance, explained, “An Advance Directive allows you to express your choices if you are unable to and to choose who can make decisions for you if you are unable to. They help to ensure good quality of life and end-of-life care. They eliminate confusion and conflict, give peace of mind and reduce stress.” Kenosha’s event will host a panel of community members and leaders who will share what completing an advance directive means to them. This year’s panel is a reminder that advance directives are important for all adults. The Coalition is excited to welcome Samantha Kerkman, Kenosha County Executive; Ri’Ana Johnson; Educator and Author; and Nicholas Eschmann, Division Chief of EMS. “Advance Directives are legal documents that spell out specific decisions about care ahead of time to avoid a crisis conversation,” Shared Jaymie L. Laurent, Senior Director of Social Services, Patient Relations and Spiritual Care, with Froedtert South. “Completing an Advance Directive gives our patients and their families a peace of mind. It answers specific questions regarding health care and guides the health care team on the delivery of care to be carried out.”  The event is sponsored by the Kenosha County Care Transitions Coalition, which includes Advocate Aurora Health, Brookside Care Center, Community Care, Inc., Crossroads Care Center, CVS Aetna, The Manor of Kenosha, Froedtert South, Good Value Pharmacy, Hospice Alliance, Kenosha Area Family and Aging Services, Kenosha Community Health Center, Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center, Kenosha County Division of Aging, Disability & Behavioral Health Services, Kenosha Visiting Nurse Association, My Choice Wisconsin, Right At Home, Superior Health Quality Alliance, and The Bay at Sheridan. Registration to the event is encouraged. To register or for additional information please call the Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center at 262- 605-6646. Caring for an adult family member or friend? Family Caregiver Support Group Meets in-person and virtually The role of a family caregiver, while rewarding, can also be challenging when trying to balance life’s responsibilities along with supporting the needs of another individual, family member or friend. The Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center (ADRC) offers a Family Caregiver Support Group, the first Thursday of every month. Family caregivers often don’t see themselves as caregivers, they simply think of themselves as the husband, sister, daughter or friend. Defined, a family caregiver is a person who provides support for an adult who needs assistance with daily living activities, such as cooking, driving, shopping, laundry and paying bills. If you are a family caregiver, this group is for you! Join fellow caregivers, either virtually or inperson, as you share your experiences, ask questions and learn from others. The group is facilitated by the ADRC’s Margaret Ricchio, Caregiver Support Specialist, and Susan Johnson, Dementia Care Specialist. The next meeting will be Thursday, May 4, 4-5 p.m. In-person location is 8600 Sheridan Road, entrance D. To register, learn more or to receive the virtual link, call the Kenosha County ADRC, 262-605-6646. Memory Cafe The Kenosha County Memory Café will be meeting in-person at the Kenosha Southwest Neighborhood Library starting this December. Memory Café is a place for persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment, early-stage Alzheimer’s, or related dementia, and their care partners to socialize and have fun. Join the Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center’s Dementia Care Specialist, Susan Johnson, and the Alzheimer's Association on the second Tuesday of every month, 1-2 p.m. The next meeting will be on April 11, 2023, Kenosha Southwest Neighborhood Library, 7979 38th Avenue. Registration is required for new members. Call Alzheimer's Association 800-272-3900. l, n n I s . s 1 o ’s s o s e s e o r d s. e n e as m. o e e h, m al 8 m d as e d – e er n of h 8 e n – n h y m

10 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F Going on Medicare? Learn about the decisions you’ll need to make The Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center (ADRC) offers no-cost, unbiased, Medicare workshops for those who are new to Medicare, or those who want to learn more. Trained benefit specialists will be available to answer your questions and discuss the decisions you’ll need to make, including the basics of Medicare coverage, options for private health and drug coverage, and public benefits that can help with health care costs. Medicare 2023 Workshops to choose from: Job Center, 8600 Sheridan Road, Rm. N2, North Entrance A Thursday, April 20, 10 a.m. – noon Wednesday, May 24, 10 a.m. – noon Salem Lakes Village Hall, 9814 Antioch Road Wednesday, June 14, 10 a.m. – noon Paddock Lake Village Office, 6969 236th Ave. Wednesday, July 19, 10 a.m. – noon Bristol Village Office, 19801 83rd St. Wednesday, August 9 10 a.m. – noon Due to limited seating, reservations are required. Call the ADRC at 262-605-6646 or 800-472-8008 to make a reservation or to learn more. April Medicare Minutes Medicare Complaints and Beneficiary Resources (appeals) Medicare Minute presentations are offered monthly by the Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center. These free programs provide information on a wide range of Medicare topics. April’s Medicare Minutes will focus on the Medicare Complaints and Beneficiary Resources (appeals). The program will be offered virtually on Tuesday, April 11, 2023, from 10 – 11 a.m. Medicare Minutes are developed by the Medicare Rights Center as a State Health Insurance Program (SHIP) National Technical Assistance Center service. The Medicare Rights Center is a national, non-profit consumer service organization. They are one of the SHIP (State Health Insurance Assistance Program) National Technical Assistance Center partners. To participate and for reservations call the ADRC 262-605-6646. A Zoom link will be provided. Virtual Connect – April Are you looking for a way to connect with your peers? Kenosha Area Family and Aging Services, Inc. (KAFASI), has a suggestion. If you are over age 60 and would like to listen, view and participate in our Virtual Connect Programs please join us! Virtual connect features topics and speakers of interest to seniors. You can join via Zoom or by phone. Programs are held on Mondays or Wednesdays and last for one hour. • Wednesday, April 12, 11 a.m. Financial Abuse with Sonia from The Coalition of Wisconsin Aging Groups • Wednesday, April 19, 11 a.m. Earth Day Event with Kallie from Gateway’s Sustainable Living Center • Monday, April 24, 11 a.m. “Show and Tell” Remember Grade School? Show us your special item or object and tell us the story of it! A monthly calendar is sent out with all the upcoming events. The calendar can be mailed to you if requested. An initial invitation you can save to your calendar with the link is sent via email one week prior. An email reminder with the Zoom link is sent out the morning of each event. A call-in number is also available to join over the phone. Please contact Janice Erickson for more information or to sign up to receive the program schedule. Email [email protected] or leave a message at 262-287-7469. Someone in your life has dementia A Roadmap for Care – Now offered virtually and in-person The Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center offers a regularly scheduled educational program, Someone in Your Life has Dementia: A Roadmap for Care. The presentation is for anyone caring for an individual living with a form of dementia and will be offered every other month, with the options for both virtual and inperson meetings. Dementia is a general term used to describe memory loss and the impaired ability to process information and make decisions which interferes with daily life. There are many subtypes of dementia, with Alzheimer’s Disease being the most common form, followed by Vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, Frontotemporal degeneration, mixed dementia and others. Dementia is not a part of normal aging; however, 50 million people worldwide are living with some form of this syndrome. Susan Johnson, Dementia Care Specialist with the ADRC, has developed and will facilitate this new presentation. Johnson has a master’s degree in Gerontology and has a passion for improving quality of life for caregiving families. She offers hope and understanding to caregivers, as well as those living with dementia. The presentation will help prepare and guide caregivers, while building confidence for the road ahead. It will address common caregiver concerns, such as: • Whether recently diagnosed or not, what do you need to know about caring for someone living with dementia? • How do you know what to expect and what your person needs, as the disease progresses? Someone in Your Life has Dementia: A Roadmap for Care, will be offered virtually and in-person, the second Wednesday, every other month, noon – 1 p.m.. The next class will be offered on April 12, 2023. For more information and to register, call the ADRC, 262-605-6646. Your Kenosha ADRC Update K o c N 20 Re fo w U ta Th im be m re Th C Ro ac ta th ho pr re th ad Sp F fa Si fo of pr ed be be un Th Th to pa ga ho sk de go liv di ca C ho an m Sh pl Sp D Y A

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 11 ly ty ed as on a er nbe ss es of he ar ral rs. er, me th his ee ng rs as de ad er do ne at A nd er be on Kenosha County ADRC to offer powerful tools for caregivers online class Next free, six-week course to begin May 4, 2023 The Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center is now accepting reservations for its next Powerful Tools for Caregivers course. Powerful Tools for Caregivers is a free, sixweek educational series designed by Stanford University, intended to teach skills for how to take care of yourself while caring for a loved one. The class helps family caregivers reduce stress, improve self-confidence, communicate feelings better, balance their lives, increase their ability to make tough decisions and locate helpful resources. The 6-week classes will be held Thursdays, beginning May 4 – June 8, 1 - 3 p.m. Classes will meet at the Kenosha County Center, Room B, 19600 75th Street, Bristol. To participate, caregivers will need internet access and access to a computer, iPad or other tablet. They will receive a brief phone call from the program leader prior to the first session on how to use the Zoom video conference program. Registration is required by April 27. To register, call the ADRC at 262-605-6646 or click the red registration button at adrc.kenoshacounty.org. Ask about our classes in Spanish! Free in-depth training for family caregivers Six-week Course Offers Education on Caring for an Older Adult with Dementia The Aging & Disability Resource Center is offering a free, six-week program designed to provide family caregivers with clinical level education and training. “The Savvy Caregiver” will be held on six consecutive Wednesdays, beginning May 3, 1 – 3 p.m. The Savvy Caregiver training program is a unique approach to family caregiver education. The central concept is the notion of strategy. Throughout the program caregivers are invited to learn, develop, and modify strategies for their particular caregiving situation. Participants will gain increased understanding of dementia and how it affects the person as well as the family, skills to assess abilities of a loved one with dementia, confidence to set and alter caregiving goals, strategies to manage activities of daily living, and perspective on the course of the diagnosis as it relates to the person they are caring for. Offered both virtually and in-person, Savvy Caregiver Training Program provides over 12- hours of face-to-face training, a caregiver manual and  access to community resources. In-person meeting will be located at the ADRC, 8600 Sheridan Road. To learn more and to register please contact Susan Johnson, Dementia Care Specialist with the Kenosha County Aging & Disability Resource Center, at 262-605-6602. Your Kenosha ADRC Update DzϮϬϮϭ^ĞŶŝŽƌŝŶŝŶŐDĞŶƵ hZ^/W/<-hW Z/s͗ϮŵĞĂůƐ;ϭŚŽƚŵĞĂůĂŶĚϭƚŽŚĞĂƚͬĞĂƚůĂƚĞƌͿ ^h''^dKEd/KE͗ΨϰƉĞƌŵĞĂů͕ΨϴƉĞƌĚĂLJͬƉĞƌƐŽŶ t,K͗ϲϬнĂŶĚĂƐƉŽƵƐĞƌĞŐĂƌĚůĞƐƐŽĨĂŐĞ Z^Zsd/KE^͗ďLJϭϬĂ͘ŵ͘ƚŚĞĚĂLJďĞĨŽƌĞ W/<-hWd/D͗ϭϭ͗ϯϬĂ͘ŵ͘-ϭƉ͘ŵ͘ d,hZ^zW/<-hW͗<ĞŶŽƐŚĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚĞŶƚĞƌ͕^ŚĞƌŝĚĂŶZĚ͘ΘϳϵƚŚ^ƚ͘;WĂƌŬŝŶŐ>ŽƚͿ Z^Zsd/KE^͗ďLJϭϬĂ͘ŵ͕͘tĞĚŶĞƐĚĂLJ͕W/<hWdŝŵĞ͗ϭϭ͗ϯϬĂ͘ŵ͘- ϭϮ͗ϯϬƉ͘ŵ͘ >>͗ϮϲϮ-ϲϱϴ-ϯϱϬϴ;DĞŶƵ^ƵďũĞĐƚƚŽŚĂŶŐĞͿ dŚƵƌ͘Ɖƌŝůϲ WŝŶĞĂƉƉůĞĂŬĞĚ,Ăŵ ŚĞĞƐLJWŽƚĂƚŽ 'ƌĞĞŶĞĂŶƐ &ƌƵŝƚ ŚŝĐŬĞŶŶĐŚŝůĂĚĂĂƐƐĞƌŽůĞ DĞdžŝĐĂŶŽƌŶ͕ůĂĐŬĞĂŶƐ ŽŽŬŝĞ dŚƵƌ͘Ɖƌŝůϭϯ ŚŝĐŬĞŶWĂƌŵĞƐĂŶ 'ĂƌůŝĐWĂƐƚĂ ZŽĂƐƚĞĚƌŽĐĐŽůŝ ĂŬĞĚƉƉůĞ 'ƌŝůůĞĚŚŝĐŬĞŶĂĞƐĂƌ^ĂůĂĚ ^ĞĂƐŽŶĞĚWŝƚĂ &ƌƵŝƚ dŚƵƌ͘ƉƌŝůϮϬ ĞĞĨ>ĂƐĂŐŶĂ ƌŽĐĐŽůŝ ĂƌƌŽƚƐ ZŽůů͕&ƌƵŝƚ ŚŝĐŬĞŶDƵƐŚƌŽŽŵ^ĂƵĐĞ ZŝĐĞ 'ůĂnjĞĚĂďLJĂƌƌŽƚƐ WƵĚĚŝŶŐƵƉ dŚƵƌ͘ƉƌŝůϮϳ ZŽĂƐƚĞĚdƵƌŬĞLJ DĂƐŚĞĚWŽƚĂƚŽͬ'ƌĂǀLJ 'ƌĞĞŶĞĂŶƐΘZŽůů &ƌƵŝƚ ,ĂŵďƵƌŐĞƌͬƵŶ ĂƌƌŽƚƐ͕ ŽƌŶ &ƌƵŝƚ tE^zW/<-hW͗s/>>'Wh͕ϯϬϳEŽŐƐǁĞůůƌ͕͘^ŝůǀĞƌ>ĂŬĞ Z^Zsd/KE^͗ďLJϭϬĂ͘ŵ͕͘dƵĞƐĚĂLJ͕W/<hWdŝŵĞ͗ϭϭ͗ϯϬĂ͘ŵ͘-ϭ͗ϬϬƉ͘ŵ͘ >>͗ϮϲϮ-ϯϱϴ-ϱϳϳϵ;DĞŶƵ^ƵďũĞĐƚƚŽŚĂŶŐĞͿ tĞĚ͘Ɖƌŝůϱ ,ŽŶĞLJĂŬĞĚ,Ăŵ DĂƐŚĞĚ^ǁĞĞƚWŽƚĂƚŽ 'ƌĞĞŶĞĂŶƐ ^ƚƌĂǁďĞƌƌLJZŚƵďĂƌďWŝĞ ^ƚƵīĞĚŚŝĐŬĞŶƌĞĂƐƚ ,ĞƌďĞĚZŝĐĞ sĞŐĞƚĂďůĞDĞĚůĞLJ ƌĞĂĚ tĞĚ͘ƉƌŝůϭϮ WƵůůĞĚdƵƌŬĞLJ͕'ƌĂǀLJ DĂƐŚĞĚWŽƚĂƚŽ 'ƌĞĞŶĞĂŶĂƐƐĞƌŽůĞ ƌĞĂĚ ĞĞĨWĂŶŝŶŝǁWƌŽǀŽůŽŶĞ ,ĂƌǀĞƐƚ'ƌĂŝŶŚŝƉƐ ƌŽĐĐŽůŝ^ĂůĂĚ WĞĂŶƵƚƵƩĞƌŽŽŬŝĞ tĞĚ͘Ɖƌŝůϭϵ KƉĞŶ&ĂĐĞĞĞĨ^ĂŶĚͲ ǁŝĐŚ DĂƐŚĞĚWŽƚĂƚŽ͕'ƌĂǀLJ 'ƌĞĞŶĞĂŶƐ sĂŶŝůůĂWƵĚĚŝŶŐ ^ƚƵīĞĚĂďďĂŐĞZŽůůǁͬ ZĞĚ^ĂƵĐĞ͕ZŽůů ŚĞĞƐLJWŽƚĂƚŽĞƐ &ƌĞƐŚ&ƌƵŝƚ tĞĚ͘ƉƌŝůϮϲ ZŽĂƐƚWŽƌŬ DĂƐŚĞĚ^ǁĞĞƚWŽƚĂƚŽ sĞŐĞƚĂďůĞDĞĚůĞLJ ZŽůů ƌŽĐĐŽůŝŚĞĞƐĞZĂǀŝŽůŝ ^ŝĚĞ^ĂůĂĚ &ƌƵŝƚzŽŐƵƌƚWĂƌĨĂŝƚ 'ĂƌůŝĐƌĞĂĚ &Z/zW/<-hW͗s/>>'WƵď͕ϯϬϳEŽŐƐǁĞůůƌ͕͘^ŝůǀĞƌ>ĂŬĞ Z^Zsd/KE^͗ďLJϭϬĂ͘ŵ͕͘dŚƵƌƐĚĂLJ͕W/<hWdŝŵĞ͗ϭϭ͗ϯϬĂ͘ŵ͘-ϭ͗ϬϬƉ͘ŵ͘ >>͗ϮϲϮ-ϯϱϴ-ϱϳϳϵ;DĞŶƵ^ƵďũĞĐƚƚŽŚĂŶŐĞͿ &ƌŝ͘Ɖƌŝůϳ >K^ &KZ 'KK &Z/z &ƌŝ͘Ɖƌŝůϭϰ ĂŬĞĚtŚŝƚĞ&ŝƐŚ ĂŬĞĚWŽƚĂƚŽ ŽůĞƐůĂǁ DĂƌďůĞZLJĞ 'ƌŝůůĞĚ,ĂŵΘŚĞĞƐĞ dĞdžĂƐŚŝůŝ &ƌƵŝƚ ƌŽǁŶŝĞ &ƌŝ͘ƉƌŝůϮϭ YZŝďůĞƚ WĂƐƚĂ^ĂůĂĚ ĂŬĞĚĞĂŶĂƐƐĞƌŽůĞ :ĞůůŽ >ĂƐĂŐŶĂǁͬDĞĂƚ^ĂƵĐĞ ƵƚƌŽĐĐŽůŝ &ƌĞƐŚ&ƌƵŝƚ 'ĂƌůŝĐƌĞĂĚ &ƌŝ͘ƉƌŝůϮϴ 'ƌŝůůĞĚŚŝĐŬĞŶ^ĂŶĚǁŝĐŚ WŽƚĂƚŽtĞĚŐĞƐ ŽůĞƐůĂǁ &ƌĞƐŚ&ƌƵŝƚ ĞĞĨWĂƐƚLJǁͬ'ƌĂǀLJ ^ĂůĂĚ'ƌĞĞŶƐ sĂŶŝůůĂWƵĚĚŝŶŐ WĞĂŶƵƚƵƩĞƌŽŽŬŝĞ APRIL 2023

If you read a recent USA Today article, you would have seen a story with this intriguing headline: "3 steps to claiming the $4,555 max monthly Social Security benefit." And if you are pushing retirement age, you would of course want to read that story and get yourself locked into a heaping serving from the Social Security gravy train. In a nutshell, the story says this. To get a maximum Social Security benefit, you've got to do these three things: 1) work for 35 years; 2) earn the maximum Social Security taxable salary every year; and 3) wait until you are 70 to claim Social Security. But that promise of maximum benefits was very misleading. I mean, think about it. Who is going to read an article headlined "3 steps to claiming the $4,555 max monthly Social Security benefit?" It is very likely going to be someone pushing Social Security age. In other words, someone in their late 50s or early 60s. Well, if you're already that age, there is absolutely nothing you can do to change step 2. (Most people earn far less than the Social Security maximum taxable base -- currently $160,200.) Obviously, you can't go back 35 years and change your earnings history. Or to put that another way, unless you happen to be that relatively rare person who has earned the maximum Social Security wage for the past 35 years, the article is totally meaningless to you. Or to put that yet another way, the article only works if it is read by someone in their early 30s who would say: "Oh, gosh, if I want to get the maximum Social Security benefit, I better earn the maximum Social Security salary for the next 35 years and then wait until 70 to claim benefits." And I will bet my next Social Security check that not very many people in their 30s are going to read any kind of article about Social Security. So why did USA Today run such an article? I can just picture the editors of the newspaper sitting around saying something like this: "We know a high percentage of our readers are old folks. And what topic are old folks most interested in? Social Security of course. And what do they want from Social Security? More money. So, let's do a story about how they can get the maximum Social Security check." But then they don't think that through and realize that there is absolutely nothing an average wage earner who is now pushing Social Security age can do to claim "the $4,555 max monthly Social Security benefit." Yet they run the story anyway and cause a whole lot of readers to rue the fact that they can't get a ticket on that Social Security gravy train! And that newspaper story just reminds me of a point I've made many times in this column. So many senior citizens are absolutely obsessed with the notion that there is some secret to getting more money from Social Security that they don't know about. So, assuming you are one of the many people who haven't earned the maximum Social Security wages for the past 35 years, is there anything you can do to maximize your benefits? Well, that gets us to Step 3 in the USA Today column. Supposedly, you should "wait until you are 70 to claim Social Security." But as I've also discussed many times in this column, that may be good advice for some, but not for everyone. For example, if you're not in the best of health, or if you were simply born with the wrong genes as I was (my dad and almost all my uncles died before age 60), then why wait until 70 to claim benefits? Chances are you simply aren't going to live long enough to make up for the money you'd lose by not staring your benefits at your full retirement age, or even sooner. Or even if you're a senior who is fit as a fiddle, there is a rising chorus of financial planners who are now recommending that people are better off to take their benefits at full retirement age rather than delay them until 70. In many ways, this maximizing obsession makes me pine for days gone by. Back when I was taking Social Security claims several decades ago, no one worried about this. Most senior citizens generally filed for their Social Security benefits at 62, and they didn't bat an eye or fret one little whit about their decision. The term "maximizing your Social Security" wasn't even part of the lexicon. I'm not necessarily saying that was a good thing. Obviously, it makes sense to plan for your retirement, consider your Social Security options and make a decision about when to start your benefits based on the planning you've done. But my point is this. Don't obsess about it. For one thing, no one really knows when the best time is to start their Social Security is because no one really knows when they are going to die. For example, I knew an older guy just down the block from our house who was known around the neighborhood as a fitness fanatic. He was always out running every day, even in his 60s. And about a month ago, he died at age 71 of a massive heart attack. And there is also this point. Almost all seniors who get in touch with me today fretting about their Social Security choices are not between a rock and a hard place, financially speaking. When it comes to Social Security, they are between a pillow and a soft place. No matter which way they choose to go with their Social Security start date, they will generally come out OK. social security Most People Can't Get the Maximum Benefit with Tom Margenau If you have a Social Security question, Tom Margenau has the answer. Contact him at thomas.margenau@comcast. net. To find out more about Tom Margenau and to read past columns and see features from other Creators Syndicate writers and cartoonists, visit the Creators Syndicate website at www.creators.com. Tom Margenau joins Happenings Q&A on Mon. 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Your Kenosha ADRC Update Boost your budget week helps put money in older adults’ pockets Annual campaign connects older adults with vital benefits to help cover basic expenses Rising inflation has left many older adults struggling to make ends meet on a fixed income. “The National Council on Aging has designated April 10-14, 2023, as Boost Your Budget week, to educate older adults about public and private programs to help pay for food, medicine, utilities, and more.” shared Andrea Taylor, Kenosha County ADRC Benefit Coordinator. “While Kenosha County Aging and Disability Resource Center (ADRC) can help throughout the year, this campaign offers a great opportunity to collectively spread the word.” Recently, the Kenosha County ADRC was contacted by a woman named Tabitha, a single woman who lives on a fixed annual income of $23,500. Her concern was two-fold: having enough money for food and to heat her home. ADRC Benefit Specialist, Sharon Banks, worked with Tabitha. “Tabitha asked for assistance applying for the Wisconsin Home Energy Assistance Program,” explained Banks, “Additionally, she needed assistance to complete the FoodShare renewal and make sure there wasn’t a lapse in her FoodShare benefits, which can happen if the renewal isn’t done correctly or within a certain time frame.” “I don’t have a lot of money and really need everything to work,” Tabitha explained. Tabitha had difficulties in the past doing her FoodShare renewal on her own and was unsuccessful. The problems she faced, made her reluctant to try again. Banks shared, “Tabitha was extremely organized and prepared for our appointment. We went over all the documents together and I informed her she had everything that she needed to complete her WHEAP application and Foodshare renewal. We called together to complete her renewal, and we were able to get through rather quickly. She was found eligible for the Foodshare program. We also completed an application for WHEAP which was approved, and she received help with a one-time payment (once per heating season) for her energy bill.” “Tabitha really appreciated our help. She was thankful that everything was approved, and we were there to help,” said Tate. The ADRC helps people every week with similar situations. David Stump contacted the ADRC for assistance after his wife passed away. Stump shared, “Since my wife passed away, I have no idea what I am supposed to do. I keep getting phone calls and papers in the mail. She handled all our bills and insurance. I called around and no one was able to answer my questions. I am grateful I came into the Kenosha ADRC. Everyone was helpful and made things easier to understand. The Medicare Savings Program and Foodshare will help me a lot.” The Boost Your Budget programs include: • FoodShare, also known as SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program): helps people with limited income buy food for good health. To be eligible you must meet nonfinancial and financial requirements (gross income: single: $2,266 or married $3,052). • Medicaid: Health coverage to eligible lowincome adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities. Non-financial and financial eligibility requirements apply. • Medicare Savings Program: Help to pay for certain Medicare costs such as premiums, deductibles, copays, and coinsurances. MSP is for those individuals who receive Medicare benefits and have limited countable monthly income (single: $1,640 or married $2,218) and limited assets (single: $9,090 or married $13,630). • Wisconsin Home Energy Assistance Program (WHEAP): helps with heating costs, electric costs, and energy crisis situations. WHEAP heating and electric assistance is a one-time payment during the Wisconsin heating season, October 1 – May 15. To be eligible for WHEAP, you must be a resident of Wisconsin and meet financial eligibility (below 60 percent of the State median income based on household size). • Part D Low Income Subsidy (LIS)-Extra Help: Helps people with limited income and resources pay for Medicare prescription drug costs like premiums, deductibles, and reduced copays or coinsurance. LIS-Extra Help is for those individuals who receive Medicare benefits and have limited countable monthly income (single: $1,823 or married $2,465) and limited assets (single: $15,160 or married $30,240). Taylor wants people to remember, “Do not let a NO in the past stop you from planning for today. Let’s start the conversation! Call the Kenosha ADRC and see how we can help Boost Your Budget. We are available, Monday – Friday, 8 a.m. – 5 p.m. Call us today! Remember our number, 262-605-6646.” By Paula J. 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14 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F ‘ w c a o w li c t W S A g s fi t a jo v a t k t c n W ( w ( W d h c p m li P h u w c s h t e y r s L S b A H t books 1. Birnam Wood, by Eleanor Catton In New Zealand, guerrilla gardeners cross paths with an American billionaire secretly up to no good. As the characters debate ideals, weigh choices, and battle their own and others’ egos, the tale gathers speed. Expertly crafted by Booker Prize-winning author Eleanor Catton, it’s a heart-pumping thriller that exposes the tragedy of selfishness. 2. Red Queen, by Juan Gómez-Jurado Jon Gutierrez, a disgraced police officer, and Antonia Scott, a crime-solving genius, ground this international bestseller from Spanish journalist Juan Gómez-Jurado. Kidnappings, chases, traps, and setups (not to mention a creepy murder scene) propel the thriller, while questions of moral culpability and the poisonous effects of unaddressed trauma add heft. 3. The Great Reclamation, by Rachel Heng Ah Boon, a sensitive boy growing up on Singapore’s coast in the early 1940s, struggles to find his place in a radically shifting world. Japanese occupation, student protests, and “the great reclamation” – a government effort to add new land to the tiny territory – bring turbulence and challenges. Rachel Heng’s moving, mighty novel grapples with the cultural unmooring that accompanies personal and collective change. 4. The Lost English Girl, by Julia Kelly In 1935 Liverpool, England, a young pregnant bride faces betrayal when her Catholic parents pay her new Jewish musician husband to flee to New York, leaving her to raise their daughter alone. As World War II heats up, children are evacuated to the countryside to avoid Nazi bombings. This emotional novel about forgiveness honors the immense fortitude manifested by families separated during wartime. 5. The Golden Spoon, by Jessa Maxwell Filming of the popular TV show “Bake Week” has begun at a Vermont estate. The six contestants – including bored billionaire Pradyumna, jumpy ex-journalist Stella, and mild senior Lottie – all have something to hide, especially after a dead body shows up. A satisfying repast for “cozy mystery” fans. 6. Earth’s the Right Place for Love, by Elizabeth Berg In 1940s Missouri, timid Arthur Moses gleans sage story continues on page 15 From mystery to mastery: 10 new books that thrill, intrigue, and satisfy A Confederate spy plots to build the South’s navy with England’s help When the Civil War broke out in 1861, the Union had 42 commissioned ships in its Navy while the Confederacy had a mere one. What’s more, the North, unlike the South, had the industrial capacity to increase its stock. In The Lion and the Fox: Two Rival Spies and the Secret Plot to Build a Confederate Navy, Alexander Rose tells the improbable story of James Bulloch, a Confederate sympathizer dispatched to England to secretly build a fleet of ships, and Thomas Dudley, the U.S. consul in Liverpool who was determined to stop him. Rose’s extensive research has yielded an exhilarating account told with style and verve. It begins with U.S. Navy veteran Bulloch, an accomplished sailor from a family of slaveholders, meeting with Confederate Secretary of the Navy Stephen Mallory early in the war to concoct a complex plan. President Abraham Lincoln had already imposed a naval blockade of the South intended to prevent the Confederacy from importing needed supplies and to devastate its economy by halting its lucrative export of cotton. The scheme Mallory and Bulloch devised had three components. The first involved building a fleet of fast blockade runners that could get past the Union ships and smuggle necessary weapons into the South. The second involved building cruisers to harass and sink Union merchant ships, with the expectation that the U.S. Navy would have to divert some of its warships for their protection, thus creating holes in the blockade. The final stage involved building advanced warships to attack the U.S. Navy directly. Bulloch, described by Rose as possessing an “effortless superiority, relaxed charm, and worldly detachment,” was well suited for his clandestine mission. His adversary, Dudley, was quite different, known for “his Quaker rectitude, stiff-necked temperance, and remorseless work ethic.” The book’s most welldrawn character, however, is Liverpool itself, where much of the action takes place. It was, in the author’s words, “the most violent, vice-ridden, crime-soaked locale in Europe.” Rose memorably describes the port city as “a low-lying place inhabited by low, lying people.” England was officially neutral in America’s Civil War, but Confederate flags were flown throughout Liverpool. Many British citizens saw the Confederates not as rebels fighting for slavery but as freedom fighters battling government oppression. Liverpool in particular had strong ties to the American South. Most of England’s slave ships had been built there, and when the British slave trade was abolished in 1807, Rose writes, many former slavers “pivoted to cotton, effectively doing business with the same Southerners as before, just trading white gold rather than the humans harvesting it.” Bulloch, then, had little trouble enlisting coconspirators; those without political motivation for aiding the Confederacy were open to being bribed. While Dudley and other Union officials were immediately aware of Bulloch and suspicious of his aims, the Confederate agent, who had well-placed spies working on his behalf inside the British government, always seemed to be one step ahead of his pursuers. In addition to evading Dudley, Bulloch had to find a way around Britain’s Foreign Enlistment Act of 1819, which prohibited British subjects from participating in foreign wars. He cannily exploited a loophole in the law, constructing ships in Liverpool but waiting to load them with weapons and inform the unwitting crew of their real purpose until they were safely out of England. While Dudley was on to Bulloch’s tactics – “there is no doubt but that she is intended for the Rebels,” he wrote of one of Bulloch’s ships to Secretary of State William Seward – he faced the formidable challenge of producing enough evidence to compel the British government to seize the ships. Bulloch’s most notable successes were the Oreto and the Enrica, ships the builders falsely claimed had been purchased by the Italian government. Once in international waters, Confederate flags were raised as they were rechristened the CSS Florida and the CSS Alabama, respectively. The crew, who had signed on as merchant seamen, were exhorted to join the fight for the Confederacy instead (and assured they’d be paid handsomely for their participation). The ships were more on next page “The Lion and the Fox” tells the history of a Confederate sympathizer dispatched to England to secretly build a fleet of ships, and the U.S. consul in Liverpool who was determined to stop him.

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 PRINT & E-BOOKS NONFICTION PRINT & E-BOOKS FICTION 1. It Starts With Us (Hoover) 2. Lessons in Chemistry (Garmus) 3. Daisy Jones & The Six (Reid) 4. It Ends With Us (Hoover) 5. Countdown (Patterson/DuBois) 6. I Will Find You (Coben) 7. Hello Beautiful (Napolitano) 8. The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo (Reid) 9. Verity (Hoover) 10. Never Never (Hoover/Fisher) 1. Poverty, By America (Desmond) 2. Saved (Hall) 3. Spare (Prince Harry) 4. I’m Glad My Mom Died (McCurdy) 5. Paris (Hilton) 6. The Courage To Be Free (DeSantis) 7. The Light We Carry (M.Obama) 8. The Best Strangers in the World (Shapiro) 9. The Nazi Conspiracy (Meltzer/Mensch) 10. It’s Ok To Be Angry About Capitalism (Sanders) NEW YORK TIMES BEST SELLERS ‘Wilderness Tales’ unfolds short stories with a sense of place advice from his confident older brother, Frank. As he waits for love, and deals with a family tragedy, Arthur turns to nature for solace. Gracefully, he grows into the man that readers admired in Elizabeth Berg’s “The Story of Arthur Truluv.” 7. The Real Work: On the Mystery of Mastery, by Adam Gopnik Adam Gopnik breaks down the processes involved in achieving mastery by apprenticing himself to virtuosos of drawing, dancing, baking, and other crafts. He beautifully captures the challenges and pleasures of the pursuit of accomplishment, reaching the encouraging conclusion that mastery surrounds us in many different forms. 8. Flight Paths, by Rebecca Heisman Rebecca Heisman’s delightful debut tells the fascinating story of how scientists eventually unlocked the mysteries of avian migration. Her enthusiastic and accessible account also conveys the urgency of her subject, as climate change contributes to sharp declines in bird populations. 9. Kennan: A Life Between Worlds, by Frank Costigliola George F. Kennan played a central role in 20th-century American foreign policy and is regarded as the architect of the containment strategy that guided America’s approach to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. But Kennan believed that his ideas had been badly misinterpreted. As the book makes clear, while he was certainly brilliant, he was also a complex and often troubled man. 10. Poverty, by America, by Matthew Desmond Matthew Desmond’s follow-up to his Pulitzer Prizewinning “Evicted” is a stirring study of why the United States, the world’s richest country, has the most poverty of any advanced democracy. He offers solutions by focusing not only on the poor but also on the wealthy and the middle class, who he says unwittingly benefit from the current system. No doubt anyone who enjoys camping out under the stars, hiking along trails through sylvan landscapes, or spending meditative time in places with more bears than people will likely have presentiments about a collection billed as “wilderness tales.” Editor Diana Fuss moves beyond typical nature stories in the anthology Wilderness Tales: Forty Stories of the North American Wild. She’s after bigger game: the short story genre itself. As she writes in the introduction, “In the first half of the nineteenth century, the explosion of cheap, consumable, and transportable magazines and journals proved to be the perfect vehicles for generating and sustaining a literary form also new to the scene, the literary sketch or tale, soon known as the short story.” To demonstrate the evolution of the American short story, Fuss has collected 40 stories by famous and not-so-famous writers, beginning with Washington Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle” (1819) and ending 100 years later with Tommy Orange’s “New Jesus” (2019). This progression from Wilderness Gothic to the present-day dystopian climate fiction offers a highly eclectic rendering of the continent’s natural history. Fuss’ choices can sometimes seem puzzling. The collection consists of many great stories, but the wilderness link in some of them is tenuous. Perhaps it has something to do with her definitions: “‘Wild’ denotes unsettled terrains and their wildlife, while ‘wilderness’ encompasses the changing stories we tell about them,” she writes. Laying aside preconceptions, however, and diving into the stories themselves – and there are just enough really fantastic ones to keep you reading – offers insights and rewards. These include classic tales such as “To Build a Fire” by Jack London and “The Wolfer” by Wallace Stegner – both certainly standard bearers of the wilderness-tale genre. And Ernest Hemingway’s “Big TwoHearted River” never fails to bathe the reader in an ambience of quietude, contentment, and meditation. There are a few stories that surpass any expectations one may have regarding wilderness tales or short stories of any genre. “Trail’s End” by Sigurd Olson is the story of a wounded buck told from the deer’s point of view. Readers travel to the Big Woods of northern Minnesota during hunting season, following the intrepid animal as he outruns, outsmarts, and outswims his human and canine pursuers. It’s a whiteknuckler from start to finish. Marjorie Pickthall’s “The Third Generation” is a masterpiece of a tale that follows two men who, in their small canoe, set out across the western Canadian wilderness, through ”the endless chain of unknown and uncharted lakes” with an old map in search of a mythical river. This short story, like a miniature “Heart of Darkness,” poses poignant questions about North America’s past. As Fuss puts it, “Unique for its time, this story goes well beyond the typical expedition adventure narrative, instead raising meaningful and far-reaching questions of historical guilt and generational atonement by asking whether the sins of the fathers might yet be visited on their descendants.” Other stories are drawn from the cli-fi, bio-punk genre and are great fun to read. T. C. Boyle’s “After the Plague” is a three-ring circus of entertainment, depicting the misadventures of a schoolteacher on “sabbatical” up in the High Sierras during a world-wide pandemic that kills off most of our species except for a few “winners.” I won’t ruin the ending. “The Tamarisk Hunter’’ by Paolo Bacigalupi is a walloping broadside against the dysfunctional management of water resources, particularly in California. In the end, this collection of stories about the North American wilderness does offer serious cause for reflection about the state of our wilderness. As Fuss herself writes: “When will the domain of the wild be beyond all possible recovery, and who will we be without it?” By Richard Horan continued from page 14 Lion and the Fox continued from page 14 successful – in one two-week period, the Alabama destroyed 10 American whalers and mail and cargo ships. President Lincoln, however, resisted pressure to divert the Navy from the blockade. In the end, Rose notes, compared to the success of the naval blockade, the attacks on Union merchant ships amounted to little more than a nuisance. Moreover, British public opinion turned in favor of the North after the Emancipation Proclamation made clear that the war was not simply about the preservation of the Union but about ending slavery. The shift made Bulloch’s job all the more difficult. “The Lion and the Fox” tells a fascinating tale, but it remains unclear whether Bulloch’s actions ever posed a real threat to the Union. He certainly had big ambitions; in fact, he seems downright delusional as he imagines his warships attacking the port cities of the North, demolishing their navy yards, and demanding large payments in gold and cash to fill the Confederate coffers. What the author calls Bulloch’s “mad fantasies” make the coda even more tantalizing. Bulloch remained in Liverpool after the war; he didn’t have to worry about being prosecuted for treason in the wake of President Andrew Johnson’s full pardon for Confederates, but he feared being sued for financial compensation as a result of all those downed merchant ships. The Confederate spy’s half-sister, Mittie Bulloch, was the mother of Theodore Roosevelt, and Teddy was apparently quite fond of his “Uncle Jimmie,” who regaled him with his war stories on a rare visit to America in 1877. In his first book, “The Naval War of 1812,” which established the future president’s reputation, Roosevelt acknowledged “Captain James D. Bulloch, formerly of the United States Navy ... without whose advice and sympathy this work would probably never have been written or even begun.” His uncle’s devoted work on behalf of a different Navy remained unmentioned. By Barbara Spindel 10 Best New Books Collected stories about the wild, uncharted frontiers of North America expand to include everything from classic nature tales to dystopian climate fiction. as – at e of ry – e g el o e o e d e n s, re re S S e as e ht y d or re ge SMART READER April 6, 2023 15

16 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F C re co re tr ac ra th an ra tr th ca co U ne ye es an di Ty as in w co or st sc du ca ar pa m a p sc g M T a . , , f f s a s i s r d U M s L c d i a a t h c p C r The first season of "The Last of Us" may be over, but many folks have been left with an abiding fear of fungal infections. Some of that fear might be well-founded in real life: A cluster of the fungal infection blastomycosis was found in dogs and humans in Wisconsin in 2022, which led to serious health consequences, U.S. health officials report. Blastomycosis is caused by a fungus called Blastomyces, which lives in moist soil and decomposing wood and leaves. Most people who breathe in the spores don't get sick, but some who do develop symptoms like fever and cough, and the infection can sometimes become serious, even fatal, if it is not treated, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the Wisconsin outbreak, two people were hospitalized and one died. "Four people and five dogs living in the neighborhood were diagnosed with blastomycosis; two of the people were hospitalized and one died," said lead researcher Hannah Segaloff, a CDC career epidemiology field officer with the Bureau of Communicable Diseases in the Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Fortunately, these infections are rare, she said, "but how uncommon it is varies widely by geographic location in the United States." The fungus mainly lives in the Midwestern, South Central and Southeastern U.S. states, particularly in areas surrounding the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys, the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. "Wisconsin likely has the highest incidence of Blastomyces infection in the country, with an estimated annual statewide incidence of more than 2 cases per 100,000 residents," Segaloff said. "Some high-incidence counties in Wisconsin report 20 to 40 cases per 100,000 population." Investigation into this cluster, including health alerts to local doctors, veterinarians and residents alike, led to more information about blastomycosis and its symptoms being available to the community, Segaloff said. About half of people infected with Blastomyces will develop symptoms, according to the CDC. Symptoms can include: • Fever • Cough • Night sweats • Muscle aches or joint pain • Weight loss • Chest pain • Fatigue Symptoms usually appear between three weeks and three months after breathing in the spores. "Blastomycosis is treated with antifungal medications in people and in dogs," Segaloff said. "Depending on the severity of the infection, treatment last for six months to one year." In some people, particularly those with weakened immune systems, blastomycosis can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, such as the skin, bones, joints and the central nervous system, the CDC noted. "Clinicians and veterinarians should consider blastomycosis among patients who have compatible symptoms and live in or have traveled to areas where the Blastomyces fungus is endemic," Segaloff said. "This is particularly important among patients with respiratory symptoms that resist treatment with antibiotics. Early recognition and treatment with appropriate antifungal medications help prevent severe blastomycosis." Infectious disease expert Dr. Marc Siegel, a clinical professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City, noted that blastomycosis is not contagious. Blastomycosis not preventable, and it may not be possible to completely avoid being exposed to the fungus in areas where it is common. "Immunocompromised people have a poor prognosis, but overall prognosis is good and is 80% to 95% percent successful, but early identification and treatment is key," Siegel said. The most commonly recommended antifungal drug is itraconazole for mild to moderate blastomycosis. Amphotericin B is usually recommended for severe blastomycosis in the lungs or infections that have spread to other parts of the body, according to the CDC. The report on the infections was published in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Blastomyces isn't the only emerging fungus threat in the United States. Candida auris has surged across the nation since the first case occurred in 2013, CDC researchers reported last month in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The yeast easily spreads through touch, and can remain viable on surfaces for months, said lead researcher Dr. Meghan Lyman, a medical officer in the CDC's Mycotic Diseases Branch. While it's innocuous to healthy people, C. auris can cause severe and lifethreatening infections in people whose immune systems have been compromised by other illnesses. The percentage of dangerous infections caused by C. auris has increased every year in the United States, from a 44% increase in 2019 to a 95% increase in 2021, the study found. By Steven Renberg CDC raises awareness of rare fungal infection in Wisconsin Millions of middle-aged folks may be walking around with no symptoms of heart disease, and yet they still face a higher risk for a heart attack, new research shows. What gives? Subclinical or silent heart disease may be responsible. This is the early thickening or hardening of the heart arteries that can worsen over time and cause crushing chest pain, known as angina, or even a heart attack. Middle-aged folks with such subclinical heart disease face a much higher risk of a surprise heart attack, researchers discovered. But they were quick to caution that the absolute risk of having a heart attack without any signs or symptoms remains low. "Subclinical heart disease refers to changes of the circulatory system that are mainly seen with advanced age, and in some individuals may cause heart attack and premature death," explained study author Dr. Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed, a cardiologist at Copenhagen University Hospital in Denmark. "Importantly, many individuals may have these changes, yet will never have any clinical heart disease." For the study, more than 9,500 people aged 40 or older without known heart disease had scans to get a closer look at what was happening in their heart arteries. Of these, 54% of people showed no signs of subclinical heart disease; 36% had nonobstructive disease, and 10% had obstructive, or artery-clogging, disease. Folks with obstructive disease were more than eight times as likely to have a heart attack. The study appears in the Annals of Internal Medicine. These findings should serve as a wake-up call, said Dr. Evan Appelbaum, a cardiologist at Men's Health Boston. People may be walking around with the earliest stages of heart disease and don't have a clue. "For example, cholesterol builds up in the arteries before a blockage or narrowing of significance develops," Appelbaum said. "It can affect anyone and is the reason that screening for cardiovascular disease is so important and can detect problems early enough to start on a preventive regimen that can save lives." Dr. Matthew Tomey, a cardiologist with the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City, agreed. Clinical disease -- such as heart attack, chest pains from blocked arteries and strokes -- represent only the tip of the iceberg. Atherosclerosis, or the buildup of cholesterol plaque in the walls of arteries, progresses beneath the surface for years, Tomey said. "Symptoms of atherosclerosis might not appear until an individual has a sudden obstruction of blood flow by a clot or the progressive narrowing of an artery by plaque, typically by 70% or more," he said. "A person can be walking around with 69% blockages of all three major heart arteries with no clinical disease." These people may have normal results on a stress exercise test, which was commonly used to assess heart disease risk for years, he said. "Computed tomography is a key tool available today that permits us to see beneath the surface and identify atherosclerosis in its subclinical phase," Tomey said. His advice? Have a conversation with your physician about how to best assess your risk of heart disease. "As part of this conversation, I would encourage patients to ask their doctors whether imaging to detect subclinical disease is appropriate for them," Tomey added. How else would you know if you had subclinical heart disease? You wouldn't, added Dr. David Newby, the British Heart Foundation's John Wheatley Professor of Cardiology at the British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. "Having a healthy lifestyle is very important, and if you have any risk factor for heart disease, getting a health check is a good idea," said Newby, who coauthored an editorial accompanying the new study. By Denise Mann Heart attack risk may skyrocket by 8 times for those with hidden ailment Most people who breathe in Blastomyces spores don't get sick, but some who do develop symptoms like fever and cough, and the infection can sometimes become serious. health

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 17 DEAR MAYO CLINIC: A family member recently was diagnosed with colon cancer. After researching potential treatment options, I came across intraoperative radiation therapy. What is the difference between this and normal radiation? Is radiation a standard treatment option, or are there other approaches? ANSWER: Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the U.S., with more than 100,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Over a lifetime, it is estimated that 1 in 23 men and 1 in 26 women will be diagnosed with colon cancer. Typical colon cancers start as a polyp-like growth in the inside layer of the colon, which can be seen during a colonoscopy. Most cancer organizations recommend starting colonoscopy screenings at age 45. When a mass is found during a colonoscopy or cancer is suspected, biopsies are taken and reviewed by a pathologist. In this scenario, most patients are asymptomatic. Without preventive colon cancer screenings, a tumor may grow to an advanced stage before it causes any symptoms that a patient or health care professional would recognize. The most common signs and symptoms of colon cancer are anemia, which may lead to fatigue; abdominal pain; blood in the stool or other bowel changes; weight loss; and signs of obstruction. Once colon cancer is diagnosed, the next step is a staging examination. This involves a history and physical examination; blood work; confirmation that a full colonoscopy has been performed; and CT scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. The results of these tests will allow your health care professional to assign a clinical stage. In stages 1 and 2, the tumor remains in the colon wall with no evidence that it has spread further. With stage 3, there is concern that the tumor cells have spread to the regional lymph nodes, and in stage 4 colon cancer, the tumor cells have spread outside of the local area to other organs — most commonly the liver, lungs or peritoneum. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for stages 1, 2 and 3 disease and is usually the first step in the treatment process. The segment of the colon bearing the tumor is removed, along with the draining lymph nodes. The ends of the intestine are reconnected, and the specimen is sent to the pathologist who then performs a histologic examination of the colon and the associated lymph nodes. The pathologist will assign a final pathologic stage to the tumor, which will dictate the need for any additional treatment. For stage 1 colon cancer, the treatment is complete after surgery — no additional treatment is necessary. Patients are closely followed with physical examinations and blood tests for several years. Patients diagnosed with stage 2 disease should meet with a medical oncologist to determine whether chemotherapy is necessary after recovering from surgery. Patients with pathologic stage 3 colon cancer will be advised to receive chemotherapy after surgical recovery and should meet with an oncologist in the early postoperative setting. For all colon cancer patients, it is essential to continue regular colonoscopies to rule out any recurrence at the site of the prior colon resection, and to find and remove small polyps that may form in the future. Stage 4 disease is more complicated. Treatment is individualized for each patient with a team that includes medical oncologists and, sometimes, surgeons. It is uncommon to use radiation therapy for the management of colon cancer. However, it may be recommended for patients with locally advanced disease where the cancer is growing into multiple organs in the abdomen or for patients with extensive lymph node involvement along the aorta. Typically, when radiation is needed, external beam radiation is given in multiple doses before surgery is performed. The standard course of treatment is 28 short sessions where the radiation targets the tumorbearing region. Then, a patient will have a waiting period of approximately six weeks before surgical removal of the tumor. When the treatment team is concerned about achieving negative margins, or removing the entire tumor with an edge of normal tissue around the specimen, intraoperative radiation therapy may be considered. Intraoperative radiation therapy rarely is used for colon cancer, but, when necessary, the area of concern is directly targeted with a single fraction of radiation during surgery. This allows more precision to the affected area with limited damage to the surrounding tissue. Intraoperative radiation therapy is not used in isolation. It is planned and used in combination with the external beam radiation that is administered preoperatively. It is important to seek surgical treatment from highly experienced surgeons at a center, like Mayo Clinic, that does many of these operations. Although a diagnosis of advanced colon cancer can be frightening, turning to a surgical oncologist experienced with colon cancer can help ensure that all available treatment options are being considered to provide the best outcome for your loved one. — Kellie Mathis, M.D., Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Mayo Clinic Treating colon cancer after diagnosis . health , , f f It is uncommon to use radiation therapy for the management of colon cancer, but it may be recommended for patients with locally advanced disease. A team of U.S. scientists said Friday that a study of the immune systems for those rare individuals that reach 100 years or more showed they are remarkably resilient to disease. Researchers at Boston University and the Tufts Medical Center, in a study published in The Lancet, found that centenarians have distinct cells in their immune system that allow for their bodies to adapt more successfully to sickness and disease. "Our data support the hypothesis that centenarians have protective factors that enable to recover from disease and reach extreme old ages," lead author Tanya Karagiannis from Tufts said. María Branyas Morera of Spain is the oldest person alive at 115 years after the death of 118 year-old Lucile Randon, a French nun known otherwise as Sister Andre. From a Twitter profile that she runs with the help of a daughter, Morera said longevity is about peace and tranquility. "I think longevity is also about being lucky," she wrote. "Luck and good genetics." On genetics, she may be right. Researchers performed single-cell sequencing on a type of immune cell in the blood and found many markers are unique to people like Morera. "The immune profiles that we observed in the centenarians confirms a long history of exposure to infections and capacity to recover from them and provide support to the hypothesis that centenarians are enriched for protective factors that increase their ability to recover from infections," senior author Paola Sebastiani at the Tufts Medical Center said. The study is called "Multi-modal profiling of peripheral blood cells across the human lifespan reveals distinct immune cell signatures of aging and longevity." "Collectively, these data suggest that centenarians harbor unique, highly functional immune systems that have successfully adapted to a history of insults, allowing for the achievement of exceptional longevity," the study says. By Daniel J Graeber Centenarians have unique immune systems resilient to disease gal ild sis. lly re or ad dy, he in nd nly in ed he 13, ed of ds an for er cal tic to an fein ne en er of ed ed ed ase in erg w rt d h n of h of e n e u rt h d n e n

18 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F m " P k t o h la p d c p h d B h p a U w s a U w s t in 1 p U M w s t d n d je A p n w c t T m a o m s p T fe in w M p ju w in S c Long before they perished in a blaze at a Mexican detention center in Ciudad Juárez, the men from Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras and other Central and Latin American countries were rarely described in human terms. In many respects, their cages were geopolitical first, sealed with posturing from the northern side of the border and outright disrespect from the southern side. To campaigning Republicans, they were political props with limbs. Images of them gathered at the U.S.-Mexico border served primarily as a photo op to accompany GOP rants about “open borders.” To the Biden administration they were an inconvenient reminder that despite once controlling both houses of Congress, Democrats failed to advance the type of reforms that might have at least eased the numbers of people attempting to cross northward, which have been dramatically high for months. To Mexico they were a growing embarrassment, a human rights disaster with deep hemispheric roots. Migrants flee their homelands due to the turmoil of corruption, drug war violence and climate change. But there they were. The men’s bodies – the physical remains of 39 brave souls – were laid out on the ground, covered with shiny mylar blankets that waved in the dusty border winds. You might have seen that chilling image. It was broadcast widely after the fire at the detention center was allowed to rage out of control with migrants trapped inside. Another 28 men were injured in the blaze. Many are still hospitalized, days after the March 27 catastrophe. The language the media used to describe the dead remained tentative – “at least 39 dead.” Several bodies had yet to be identified. By day three, Mexican authorities had struck a conciliatory tone. A security video had surfaced. It showed guards scurrying to the exit to save themselves, as a red-orange flame could be seen behind The dead migrants were always trapped with Mary Sanchez Readers can reach Mary Sanchez at [email protected] and follow her on Twitter @msanchezcolumn. The state of California, once a place where people moved to find beauty, prosperity, and great weather (earthquakes and fires aside), is rapidly becoming a failed state. People are leaving in droves. Between July 2021 and July 2022, California lost roughly 211,000 people according to data from the state’s Department of Finance. Half of those — 113,048, were from Los Angeles County, the state’s largest county. Around 160,000 Angelenos left in the last 12 months with most moving to other states. Teachers and employees in the nation’s second-largest school district have gone on strike, closing schools. Aren’t students far enough behind after Covid-19 closings? Meanwhile, the homeless population is growing, reparations for Blacks are debated in San Francisco, school names are being changed because politicians discovered some of the previously honored may have owned slaves and gas prices and taxes remain high. Does Gov. Gavin Newsom seriously think he could run for president on such a record of failure should President Biden decide not to run? In a delicious irony, San Francisco Supervisor Hillary Ronen (D) has demanded the hiring of more police officers to fight rampant crime in her district. This after joining the Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 in its demand to “defund the police.” The TV pictures of the homeless in Los Angeles and San Francisco do not look like California as recently as a decade ago. “As of 2022, 30% of all people in the United States experiencing homelessness resided in California, including half of all unsheltered people (115,491 in California; 233,832 in the US,” according to the Public Policy Institute of California. Like most Democrats, Gov. Newsom thinks throwing more money at the problem will solve it. If money were the solution, the problem would have been solved by now, but Democrats have more experience with taxing and spending than they do solving problems. California spends billions of dollars annually on the homeless. Legislators want to reform the way the state distributes its money, saying the current system is ineffective and in need of more predictability. Who knew? Gov. Newsom is presiding over a budget deficit of $22.5 billion and is only now asking for more accountability from those communities receiving the state’s largesse. The real problem is with California voters – and voters in other states with similar problems. If they keep electing Democrats with the same worldview and policies, they should expect the same results. Democrats have controlled the state legislature since 1970, except for a brief period in 1995 and 1996. The last Republican governor of California was Arnold Schwarzenegger, who left office in 2011 and was considered by some a nontraditional Republican. He appointed Democrats and Independents to office and aside from a more conservative approach when it came to taxes and spending, Schwarzenegger followed the Democratic line on such issues as abortion, gay rights, gun control and the environment. Why don’t politicians and voters see the light when it comes to policies that aren’t working? Largely, I think, it’s because we have become a nation fixated on tribalism. We seek information from cable TV networks, certain publications and the internet that support what we already think. Too many Americans are not open to ideas and policies that challenge their own. How does that attitude work in any other area of life? In business, if a sales plan isn’t working, most owners would try another plan. Only in politics and government is failure not a sufficient reason to try something else. When you must navigate around homeless tents, trash, needles, human waste and crime you are not living in a safe and free state. California could clean up its act if it wanted to, but that would require adopting some Republican and conservative principles and changing leadership. Unfortunately, it appears California politicians and too many voters are content with letting the “stink” continue. California demons with Cal Thomas Readers may email Cal Thomas at [email protected]. Look for Cal Thomas’ new book “America’s Expiration Date: The Fall of Empires and Superpowers and the Future of the United States” my turn An altar is seen outside the immigration detention center where 39 migrants died in a fire in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua state, Mexico, on March 30, 2023 Gavin Newsom gives the inaugural address after taking the oath of office being sworn in by Chief Justice Patricia Guerrero, at his inauguration ceremony at the Capitol Mall on Friday, Jan. 6, 2023 in Sacramento, CA. continues on next page

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 19 In Britain, prime ministers undergo "Question Time" in Parliament. This can be a knock down event despite the civility of addressing one another as "the right honorable gentleman or lady." U.S. presidents endure press conferences. The difference is that presidents can choose the time and place or choose not to hold any. Prime ministers do not enjoy that freedom. Assuming President Joe Biden would be willing, here are three foreign policy questions that beg answers. The first concerns Ukraine. For the president, what exactly is the U.S. strategy for Ukraine? Some argue that it is to supply Ukraine with just enough weaponry and support to stay in the fight. That would explain why the United States was initially hesitant to send M1 tanks and currently is not prepared to provide Ukraine F-16 fighter jets. Maintenance of both weapons systems is substantial. Yet it appears that the tanks will not be delivered possibly until next year. And will the decision by Poland to send jets affect America? There is the matter of rebuilding Ukraine's economy that Russia is in the process of destroying. What is the U.S. strategy and plan for Ukrainian economic renewal? After approving about $100 billion to support Ukraine, the public must be more fully informed on the strategy, plans and why this aid is so important. Second, Vladimir Putin has threatened to deploy nuclear weapons to Belarus. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russia moved quickly to retrieve nuclear weapons stationed in former republics including Ukraine. This reversal of policy is obviously meant as a threat to the United States, NATO and Ukraine. But how safe and secure are these weapons? The USSR has not had a perfect safety record regarding nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors, Chernobyl being the worst disaster. As the Russian military has not performed well in Ukraine, what safeguards and assurances can Moscow give that this incompetence will not apply to these new deployments? Indeed, what assurances can Belarus provide about guaranteeing the security of any nuclear weapons Russia might deploy to that country? Last, the summit between President Putin and Paramount Leader Xi Jingping in Moscow last week reinforced U.S. fears of that alliance's ability to challenge the rules based international order currently in place. As U.S.- Chinese relations continue to worsen and as the United States moves to impose more penalties on China possibly disallowing TikTok to operate inside America, that suggests even further incentives for the Russo-Sino alliance to strengthen. During the Cold War and while the Vietnam War was raging, President Richard Nixon's initiative to use "triangular politics" and China as a lever against the Soviet Union not only worked. It worked very well. Nixon not only went to China in 1972 to meet with Mao ZeDong beginning a rapprochement that lasted for four decades. He also went to Moscow where the United States and USSR agreed to the anti-ballistic missile treaty and limitations on strategic nuclear weapons. That raises the third question. What is the United States doing to weaken the ties between China and Russia? Some may argue this is a fool's mission. What leverage does the United States have? It is in the best interests of China and Russia to support each other. China needs Russian energy and foodstuffs. Russia needs Chinese technology and currency as well as access to foreign markets made more difficult by sanctions. Further, the vast border between the two states has historically been a source of tension and the two did have a number of border clashes, the most serious in 1969 at the Ussuri River. Despite the forces that have motivated this unlikely alliance and indeed the internal centrifugal forces that have not all been contained, there are many weaknesses in it. So too do China and Russia have serious internal weaknesses. So why not use Russian and Chinese techniques against both. China's military buildup was largely dependent on Ukrainian technology. China's first aircraft carrier, made into a cruise ship by Ukraine, was purchased from Kyiv. Both signed a treaty of friendship in 2013 in which China recognized and assured Ukrainian sovereignty. Why has China not been called on that? Further, through clever diplomacy and messaging, the inherent rivalries and cultural differences between China and Russia can be made known to both publics questioning the alliance. And using Telegraph, the Russian equivalent of Twitter, with phrases such as "send a boy to Ukraine and get a body bag back" can work. That leads to a fourth question: Why have the first three not been asked or answered? That by itself is revealing. A few basic foreign policy questions need answers with Harlan Ullman my turn Dr Harlan Ullman is senior adviser at Washington's Atlantic Council, the prime author of "shock and awe" and the upcoming book "The Fifth Horseman and the New MAD: How Massive Attacks of Disruption Became the Looming Existential Danger to a Divided Nation and the World at Large." Harlan Ullman joins Happenings Q&A on Thu., Apr 20th at 1pm on AM1050 WLIP. U.S. President Joe Biden speaks at the Arts and Humanities Award Ceremony in The East Room of The White House in Washington, D.C., on March 21. closed cell bars. Smoke then quickly filled the area. The guards had left the migrants inside to die. The video tempered the accusations of some observers who claimed the migrants had intentionally set the fire in protest over possibly facing deportation. That may still be true of a few men. There will be a homicide investigation and the guards will be held accountable, Mexican authorities have promised. But the victims weren’t just trapped in a blaze. They were also ensnared in the ineffective politics and policies of the U.S. and Mexico. Initiatives to help them – a promised new program offering migrants a twoyear temporary stay in the U.S. – has been mismanaged by the Biden administration and verbally pummeled by the GOP. Just witness the behavior of some more vocal antiimmigrant politicians. Within hours of the deadly fire, some of the usual suspects were barking. And it wasn’t about the dead and how this tragedy could have happened. Instead, Missouri Sen. Josh Hawley waved a finger at Department of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas during a Senate Judiciary hearing. Hawley then posted a clip of his heated remarks on social media. The senator was grilling Mayorkas about the CBP One app, a tool of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). It’s a digital and easy way for migrants to see if they qualify for legal entry into the U.S. They can also use it to schedule appointments, even though there are never enough appointments. Hawley likened the app to “a concierge service for illegal immigrants,” and said to Mayorkas, “Rather than build a wall, you have built Ticketmaster for illegal immigrants.” GOP presidential candidate Nikki Haley kept to a similar script. In a Twitter post, she spoke as if all would be well if old policies forcing migrants to remain in Mexico without much chance of ever entering the U.S. legally would be maintained. Even those who might qualify under humanitarian reasons wouldn’t be admitted, she suggested. Haley disregards our aging demographics, tight labor market and still insists in the posted campaign video that “businesses must hire Americans, not illegals.” She is willfully deceptive, knowing full well that the economy – including industries in her native South Carolina – depend on immigrant labor. That includes people who our Byzantine immigration system doesn’t allow to gain the documents needed for entry. This is because Congress makes a small number of work visas available each year. Employers know it is fruitless to even attempt to apply for them. Many see this process as unnecessarily cumbersome. Cooperation between Democrats and Republicans is the only way to change the dire circumstances at the border. The Biden administration also needs to work more closely with Mexico and provide far more financial and other forms of assistance to the cities impacted the most – El Paso and Ciudad Juarez especially. Hawley doesn’t have the answers. Nor does Haley, although she’ll likely continue her antiimmigrant posture during an upcoming campaign visit to a border town in Texas. On any other day of the week, these Republicans and so many others will harp on about how migrants need to follow the rules, wait their turn, and be processed appropriately. But clearly, that’s not what they really want. They just want them to disappear. And now, at least 39 of them are gone. Sanchez continued from page 18 an a ad ds ve ge nd rs n. d a ry te s, te ng e. ts at g d d p. rs d re e ed 3 age

20 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F The tax filing deadline (April 18) is rapidly approaching, so clear off a workspace and start by answering two big questions. Will you take the Standard Deduction or Itemize? The standard deduction is a set amount that increases based on inflation. The other option is to itemize, which is when you tally up certain deductions including state and local income or sales taxes (limited to $10,000), real estate and personal property taxes, home mortgage interest, personal casualty and theft losses from a federally declared disaster, gifts to a qualified charity, and unreimbursed medical and dental expenses that exceed 7.5% of adjusted gross income. If your total deductions are greater than the standard deduction amount, you will be among the nearly 10% of taxpayers who will itemize. Have you claimed all of the credits that you are due? So many bemoan the loss or limitations to deductions, but tax credits are more valuable, because they are dollar-for-dollar reductions of the income tax owed, which is why you should claim as many as you can. Here are the biggies: Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) The EITC is aimed at workers with low to moderate income ($59,187 or less) when they file their tax return. The IRS notes that “many people risk missing out on the credit because they don’t know they’re eligible — especially people who had a major life change and may qualify for the first time this year.” Check IRS.gov to determine if you qualify and for how much, which is determined by the size of your family. The maximum amount is $7,430 with three or more qualifying children. Child Tax Credit (CTC) Reverts to the prepandemic level of a maximum of $2,000 per qualifying child under the age of 17 and is partially refundable (up to $1500). The income threshold at which the child tax credit phases out increased to $200,000 ($400,000 married filing jointly (MFJ)). Child and Dependent Care Credit Sounds similar, but this is different from the CTC. This nonrefundable credit allows you to claim from 20 – 30% of expenses up to a maximum of $3,000 for one qualifying person ($6,000 for two or more) to offset expenses associated with care for dependents (children under the age of 13, a dependent spouse or dependent adults that you claim on your tax return) and it is subject to Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) phase outs. Check IRS.gov to determine if you qualify. Credit for Other Dependents If you don’t qualify for CTC, you may be able to claim this credit, which maxes out at $500 for each dependent who meets certain conditions, including: dependents under the age of 18, other dependent parents or relatives that you support and even dependents living with you, who aren’t related to you. This credit phases out at $200,000 ($400,000 MFJ). Check IRS.gov to determine eligibility. American Opportunity Tax Credit For qualified education expenses paid for an eligible student for the first four years of higher education. The amount of the credit is 100% of the first $2,000 of qualified education expenses you paid for each eligible student and 25% of the next $2,000 of qualified education expenses you paid for that student. To claim it, your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) must be $80,000 or less ($160,000 for MFJ). Reduced amounts available for incomes of $80,001 – $90,000 ($160,001 – $180,000 MFJ). Savers Tax Credit This credit can offset part of the first $2,000 workers contribute to IRAs and workplace retirement plans (401(k)s, 403(b)s, 457 plans) and is available for singles with incomes up to $34,000 in 2022 (MFJ up to $68,000). Two big tax prep questions with Jill Schlesinger jill on money Federal Reserve officials were under fire as they convened their two-day policy meeting, during which they decided to raise shortterm rates by a quarter of a percentage point to 4.75- 5.00 percent. Despite uncertainty in the banking sector, the Fed said that stillhigh inflation required action. The rate decision, along with events of the previous two weeks at Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), Signature Bank, and Credit Suisse, have put the Fed’s policies and oversight in the hot seat. Although many of the problems at these banks were unique to them, the broader issue may be that the Fed and other global central banks kept interest rates too low for too long. Low or zero percent interest rates can help fuel growth, but can also lead to outsized risk taking, both among individuals and businesses. An example of this mindset occurred during the pandemic. With a lot of cash on hand and interest rates low, many were lured into risky investments. After all, why keep your stimulus check in a zero percent savings account when you could buy a meme stock or crypto? Similarly, if you are a venture capital firm and your clients have handed over money so that you can invest in the next, best thing, you may cast your net a little wider for ideas, perhaps throwing money at companies whose business premise was based on pandemic conditions persisting forever. And if you are a bank that is sitting atop a mound of deposits, perhaps from those very companies that were handed VC money, why keep all of those deposits in easily accessible money that is paying zero, when you can purchase a “safe,” longerdated treasury or mortgagebacked security, that will increase the amount of interest you can earn? While some decisions made during a low-interest environment can be awesome (i.e., a 30-year fixed rate mortgage for under 3 percent), others can catch you flat-footed and bite back when rates rise. The Fed’s aggressive inflation-fighting rate hike campaign of the past year hurt high growth sectors like tech and also banks like SVB, which held longer dated bonds. The lesson here is when the Fed hits the brakes on the economy, certain parts of the banking sector went flying through the windshield. In addition to its role as “lender of last resort” and manager of monetary policy, the Federal Reserve is the prudential regulator of the U.S. banking system. That means that it strives to ensure the safety and soundness of individual institutions and maintains overall financial stability. To do so, it, along with the OCC and state regulators, oversee and supervise the nation’s banks. In this role, there are likely to be many questions. SVB was subject to scrutiny by the state of California and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Presumably, regulators understand that when a bank relies on a h i g h e r- t h a n - a v e r a g e uninsured deposit base (more than $250K), it creates risk. The reason is that uninsured depositors are usually the first to leave a bank when there is a problem because they understand they are not protected by FDIC insurance. SVB had a much higher than average amount of uninsured deposits, which should have been a warning. Additionally, regulators knew SVB had purchased long dated Treasury securities when interest rates were low, which resulted in unrealized losses on the bank’s balance sheet. Although the SF Fed warned about SVB’s governance and controls, it may not have focused on the bank’s liquidity, which ultimately led to its demise. Although we are still in the eye of the storm, these and other questions will be debated among regulators, legislators, and banks themselves. Jill Schlesinger, CFP, is a CBS News business analyst. A former options trader and CIO of an investment advisory firm, she welcomes comments and questions at [email protected]. Check her website at www.jillonmoney.com Bank failures put Fed in the hot seat with Jill Schlesinger As you prepare to file your taxes, start by answering two big questions, Jill Schlesinger writes. First, will you take the Standard Deduction or Itemize? Second, have you claimed all of the credits that you are due? Federal Reserve Board Chairman Jerome Powell holds a news conference following a Federal Open Market Committee meeting at the Federal Reserve on March 22, 2023, in Washington, D.C. do pe pu sh a fo lit w an af w hi hi ou do fro us ca tr he do do so go lea th m ye tr — te tr pe Th fo D un re w an sa bu th tr in di lo bi gr w di P w S t t

0 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 SMART READER April 6, 2023 21 e xt n at d e r ). e – – rt rs d s s) es 0 ). ed ry st ch es et. ed nd ve k’s ed he nd be rs, ks Dear Cathy, I’ve had dogs my whole life and am perplexed by our current puppy, whom we got from a shelter four months ago. He is a three-year-old terrier mix found in a cemetery with his litter mates. He’s a sweet dog who goes from jumping on us and giving kisses to being afraid of us and running away if we try to pet or approach him. The biggest issue is getting him back inside after being in our fenced-in yard. When he’s done, he sits about 20 feet from the door and stares at us. He won’t come at all when called, even when offered treats. After 15 to 20 minutes, he may slowly approach the door and run in when the door is opened, but only sometimes. Often, we have to go out in the yard with the leash and bring him in, even in the rain. He has never been mistreated, spanked, or even yelled at here. He isn’t really treat-motivated. Any advice? — P.D. in Illinois Dear P.D., Your little terrier likely has never had any training and may distrust people from being homeless. That’s why he goes back and forth emotionally with you. Don’t call him from the door until he is trained; this just reinforces his not coming when called. Instead, use play and training to build his trust. Let’s start with training. You say he is not treat-motivated, but what’s really happening is that you have yet to find a treat he loves. When training in a home where there are few distractions, most people use low-value treats like hard biscuits, kibble, carrots, or green beans. When training in the yard where there are more distractions, you can use store-bought training treats, or a piece of dog jerky or cheese cut into tiny pieces. When progressing to training at a park or other busy setting where there are lots of distractions, use super highvalue treats, like chicken in a can, a cut-up piece of hot dog or hamburger, or treats in a tube, like Kong’s Sweet Potato Tube Treat. (With tube treats, squeeze a little of the paste out and hold the tube near your dog’s mouth so he can lick it.) Your dog is not motivated by low-value treats, so look for a high-value treat he loves and start training with that one. Teach your dog his name first. Say his name, and when he makes eye contact with you, use a reward word, like "awesome" or a clicker to mark the correct behavior. Then, give him a treat. Teach him "sit" and "come" in the same manner. Always use an enthusiastic voice when asking a dog to come since this excites the dog and makes him more likely to respond to the command. If he is still not coming when called, shorten the distance between you or put him on a long lead so you can prompt him to come to you. Also, reward him for approaching you each and every time, even if you didn’t call him. He needs to be rewarded for coming to you, no matter the reason. As his skills grow, use games to reinforce the recall command. Fetch is an excellent game for teaching recall. You can also play hide and seek with your dog. Hide somewhere in the house and then call him. When he "finds you," give him a treat or enthusiastic praise. Repetition is vital to learning the recall command. With training, he should be more trusting of you and less erratic with his affection. Dear Cathy, I just read about the noise-sensitive dog. I recently ordered a snood for my Springer Spaniel. It has been a long time since I have had a puppy, and they called it something else back then. The one I ordered claims to help with loud noises. This one is thicker than the ones I have had before. Of course, I plan to use it primarily to keep her ears clean. — Sherlee Williams, Las Vegas, Nevada Dear Sherlee, For my readers, snoods are sort of “hat scarves” that fit over a dog’s head and are used to keep him warm or his ears from flopping all over the place. Similar to an Anxiety Wrap® or Thundershirt® for the body, snoods can be placed around a dog’s head to manage anxiety. Depending on the thickness, it certainly could muffle some sounds. Plus, dogs look super cute in them. Everything is worth trying when it comes to helping dogs with noise sensitivity. Thank you for sharing this tip. Pet World with Cathy Rosenthal Sometimes, you have to find the right treatment to train your dog As well as being a recuring guest on Happenings Q&A, Cathy M. Rosenthal is a longtime animal advocate, author, columnist and pet expert who has more than 30 years in the animal welfare field. Send your pet questions, stories and tips to [email protected]. Cathy Rosenthal joins Happenings Q&A on Fri. Apr. 14th at 12:30 on AM1050 WLIP. Pets in the home may lower risk of food allergies in kids While research has shown that having pets can lower the chances of respiratory allergies in children, a new study finds it might also reduce the risk of food allergies. Japanese investigators found that young children exposed to dogs in the home were less likely to experience egg, milk and nut allergies, while those exposed to cats were less likely to be diagnosed with egg, wheat and soybean allergies. Still, "pet exposure does not completely prevent food allergies," noted first study author Dr. Hisao Okabe, from the Fukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study and the department of pediatrics at Fukushima Medical University in Japan. "All this study has shown is that it may reduce the risk of developing food allergies. In addition, the association between pet exposure and food allergies might differ, depending on the pet species and causative food," Okabe added. For the study, Okabe's team analyzed medical and self-reported data on more than 66,000 infants in Japan, and found that those exposed to indoor cats or dogs during pregnancy or early infancy had fewer food allergies, at least until the age of 3. About 22% of those infants were exposed to these indoor pets. There was no significant difference for children exposed to outdoor dogs. Why children with pets may have fewer food allergies wasn't determined in this study, but previous reports have suggested it could be due to the gut bacteria, endotoxins in the air or through the skin barrier, Okabe said. The researchers decided to study this issue because mothers who had pets at home were concerned about the risk of allergic disease being fueled by the pets, Okabe noted. "In terms of food allergies, pet exposure during fetal and early infancy may be good in some cases," Okabe said. "We hope that this message will help alleviate some of the concerns about pet ownership." The findings were published online in the journal PLOS ONE. Dr. Dean Mitchell, an allergist and immunologist in private practice at Mitchell Medical Group in New York City, said he has seen a lot of studies over the years that have looked at pets and allergies. Mitchell raised some other theories about what might cause allergies in children, such as taking antibiotics while pregnant or during infancy, which he feels strongly may have an impact. Another theory is that children who have older siblings may be less allergic because they're exposed to more viruses at a younger age. However, the latest findings may not be reason enough to go out and get a dog or cat when thinking about having a baby. "Every once in a while when these other studies pop up here and there, they're for me ... just too focused," Mitchell said. "I think the takeaway is, honestly, be very careful with the use of antibiotics. I know that's not mentioned there," he said. "I think the other stuff you can't really control, and it's just not really practical or I think well-proven." The study authors noted that recent research in South Africa found exposure to farm animals during fetal development or infancy decreased the risk of food allergies in a rural population. Food allergies can reduce quality of life for children and their families, can create significant medical costs and come with the risk of anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction and can be fatal, the researchers said. The study authors added that these results may help guide future research on food allergies. "We hope that the preventive mechanism of food allergy caused by pet exposure will be clarified, and that this will contribute to new food allergy prevention and treatment strategies," Okabe said. By Cara Nunez

22 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 F If you have healthy gums, chances are you're eating a healthy diet. The same goes for our children. It's not only important we all brush and floss our teeth, but also that we have a healthy diet. Periodontal disease affects 90% of the world's population, and it's associated with many chronic conditions, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, hypertension, malnutrition, cardiovascular disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Dental health and healthy eating patterns are inextricably linked, according to Ellen Karlin, registered dietitian from Owings Mills, Maryland, who recently spoke at the Spring Assembly of the Illinois Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Nutrient-dense eating styles play an integral role in overall health of the hard and soft tissues in the oral cavity. "A healthier diet means fewer cavities," says Karlin. Cavities in early childhood can lead to malnutrition, she adds. Cavities are a common disease of the teeth that affect children younger than 6 years of age. The primary teeth begin to erupt at 4-6 months of age and are susceptible to cavities. Cavities can result in difficulty in chewing, which impacts nutrient intake, chronic dental pain and can lead to premature tooth loss and inflammation for both adults and children. A study in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health of 273 Nepali children ages 6 months to 12 years found that diet made a big difference in the health of children's teeth. The traditional Nepali diet is very healthy -- rice, lentils, vegetables, grains and other whole foods. But as sugarsweetened beverages have become more popular and consumed on a daily basis, the study found stunted growth from nutritional deficiencies. For all of us, too many cookies, cake and added sweets means we're at increased risk for malnutrition and losing our teeth. Karlin, co-author of the study "Dental and Oral Considerations in Pediatric Celiac Disease," says children need plenty of hydration to increase salivary flow with foods that require chewing. Rather than juice in a sippy cup throughout the day for children, she recommends feeding children whole fruit and offering only water and plain milk to drink. The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines recommend making every bite count by limiting intake of ultraprocessed foods, added sugars and sugarsweetened beverages. Parents can help limit foods with added sugars by reading labels and knowing sugars come in many different names: brown sugar, table sugar, corn syrup, beet sugar, maple syrup, honey, coconut sugar, molasses and date sugar. "Ingredients like brown rice syrup may sound healthy but they still contribute to cavities," said Karlin. In a 2021 study published in the European Journal of Public Health, researchers found a positive association between sugar-sweetened beverages that were consumed daily or several times per week and increased risk for cavities and dental erosion. The sugar-sweetened beverages were found to cause dental erosion. Researchers recommended children consume sugar-sweetened beverages no more than once a week. They also found parents were not able to recognize added sugars and nonnutritive sweeteners in beverages. Foods that help prevent cavities include apples, fermented dairy, plain water and plain milk, which all help stimulate an alkaline environment -- along with brushing teeth regularly, said Karlin. The bottom line: A healthy diet -- full of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and lean protein -- means healthier teeth at every age. Charlyn Fargo is a registered dietitian with SIU Med School in Springfield, Ill. For comments or questions, contact her at [email protected] or follow her on Twitter @NutritionRd. food & recipes Nutrition News with Charlyn Fargo Nutrition for Healthy Gums Servings: 6 1 1/2 cups steel-cut oats 5 1/4 cups water 1 1/2 cups chopped peeled apples 3/4 cup raisins 3 tablespoons butter 3 tablespoons brown sugar 1 tablespoon cinnamon 1 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract Mix-ins: chopped nuts, dried or fresh fruit, granola, nut butter, maple syrup, honey, jam and yogurt Put oats, water, apples, raisins, butter, brown sugar, cinnamon and vanilla in a 1 1/2-2-quart slow cooker. Stir to combine and dissolve sugar. Cook on Low 4-6 hours until oats are softened. Serve with desired toppers and mix-ins. Note: Oats will be thicker and softer with a longer cook time (8 hours). Be sure and add an extra 1/2 cup water to ensure the oats don't dry out or scorch. Serves 6. Slow Cooker Oatmeal Cheesy Bean and Tomato Bake Serves 4 to 6 2 (15-ounce) cans white beans, drained and rinsed 1 tablespoon plus 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil, divided 1 small onion, chopped fine 3/4 teaspoon table salt 3 garlic cloves, minced 1 teaspoon dried oregano Pinch red pepper flakes (optional) 1 (28-ounce) can crushed tomatoes 1/3 cup water Pinch sugar 1/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese (1/2 ounce) 1 cup shredded mozzarella cheese (4 ounces) 1/2 cup panko bread crumbs 1. Adjust oven rack to middle position and heat oven to 475 degrees. In a 12-inch ovensafe skillet, heat 1 tablespoon oil over medium heat until shimmering, about 2 minutes (oil should be hot but not smoking). 2. Add onion and salt and cook, stirring often, until onion is softened, about 5 minutes. Add garlic, oregano and pepper flakes (if using) and cook, stirring constantly, for 30 seconds. 3. Stir in tomatoes, water and sugar. Bring to a boil. Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer, stirring occasionally, until slightly thickened, about 10 minutes. 4. Add beans to skillet and stir to coat with sauce. Cook, stirring occasionally, until beans are warmed through, about 5 minutes. Remove from heat. 5. Stir Parmesan and half of mozzarella into beans. Spread beans into an even layer. Sprinkle remaining mozzarella evenly over top. 6. In a small bowl, combine panko and remaining 2 tablespoons oil. Stir until panko is coated with oil. Sprinkle panko evenly over top of cheese. 7. Transfer skillet to oven. Bake until cheese is melted and panko is well browned, 5 to 8 minutes. Transfer skillet to a cooling rack (skillet will be VERY hot). Let beans cool for 5 minutes. Serve. This cheesy bean bake is family-friendly If you’re making breakfast for a crowd or a bigger family, forgo traditional French toast for a breakfast casserole that’s just as delicious and easier to make for a group. We layered potato bread (which held up better than regular sandwich bread) with a brown sugar–cinnamon mixture and butter, and then poured a creamy custard over the top. We finished by sprinkling the casserole with sliced almonds. The result? A large dish filled with layers of tender, sweet French toast — ready all at once. By America’s Test Kitchen RE PL FO Lis MO AP KE 39 IN 26 G CO KE Ge the co me is join Ke an spe lan to tim inte at LIO so Ra sta We Sc Ha FREE CLASSIFIEDS!

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DT2019V1 5617 - 6th Ave. Kenosha 657-7673 M-F: 9AM-5PM Sat: 10AM-2PM Delivery Available www.asummersgardenflorist.com Jeremy Scott Branscum & Lauren Mikala Larsen Edward Gallagher Margaret Ellen Hansen Craig Francis Bauer & Michele Lynn Novotny Jesse Douglas Myra & Elizabeth Athleen McDonnell Vouebou Vincent De Paul N’Guessan & Desiree Cynthia Laetitia Abby Zachary Daniel Cregan & Tayler Renee Weber Frank Anthony Lucchetta & Maricela Avila Cerda Kaitlyn Josephine Verheyen & Samantha Lee Craig Robert Lewis Johnston & Leila Dianne Dushane Raymond Perez-Perez & Jazmin Rosa-Velezquez Calvin Lee Myers & Deborah Fay Boyland Alexander Ryan Bosseau & Britney Marie Hanson Timothy Stephan Stark & Monica Powell Hiram Rosado Jr & Audrey Lee Lopez Vega Derrick Paul Lessor & Kayla Amber Malackowski Tyler Walter Igyarto & Alyssa Ann Daleiden Bruce Wayne Krueger II & Catherine Jean Abbey Allen Aurelius Taylor & Rochanda Patrice Means Kevin Lee Koetz & Ada Rosa Follmann Victor Ramirez & Lisa Marie Olson Caden Myron Casper & Kedona Danelia Marie Thompson Nicholas David Meek & Samantha Marie Woolford Calvin Jeffery Delabio & Elizabeth Josephine Hutton Gregory Dean Kindall II & Cassandra Pauline Oleta Miller Marriage Licenses March 20th - 31st, 2023 REMINDER: PLEASE RESUBMIT AD TO RUN FOR EACH ISSUE. Maximum 3 Listings Per Person. MISC MODEL TRAIN SHOW, SUNDAY, APRIL 16, 9 AM TO 1 PM. KENOSHA UNION CLUB, 3030 39TH AVENUE. FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL BILL @ 262-331-0392. G E R M A N CONVERSATIONALIST GROUP - KENOSHA/RACINE If you speak German or are enthusiastic about the German language and culture, come and join us. There are no membership fees and attendance is whenever you are available to join. Meetings will be held in the Kenosha and Racine area. This is an excellent group to practice speaking German as members' language skills are from beginners to advance and we all have a good time. Please contact me if you are interested in joining - Susan Blust at [email protected]. LIONS CLUB BINGO Come have some fun! Doors open at 4:00. Raffles, pull-tabs and pregames start at 6:45. Bingo 7:00-9pm. Wednesdays. 2700 9th St., Schlader Building, Winthrop Harbor. Food Sales. FOR SALE SELLING MANY DVDS AND VHS TAPES OF VARIOUS GENRES. MAKE ME AN OFFER ON EACH OR THE TOTAL NUMBER YOU PURCHASE. 808-359-8474 A WICKER, WOODEN OAK BENCH WITH REMOVABLE CUSHION. MAKE ME AN OFFER; CAN TEXT PHOTOS. 808-359-8474 JASON/EMPIRE MODEL 218 7X35 BINOCULARS. FIELD 358 FT AT 1000 YDS. FULLYCOATED OPTICS, & CASE. NEVER USED. CASE HAS SHELF WEAR. $25.00262-620- 4301. IF NO ANSWER PLEASE LEAVE MESSAGE. COMPOND HUNTING BOW LEFT HANDED, SIGHTS, SILENCER, ARROWS, QUIVER, SOFT CARRYING CASE. $100.00 262- 620-4301 LEAVE MESSAGE IF NO ANSWER. COCA-COLA CRATE WOOD WAGON, Measures: 19-Inch Long. 14-Inch Wide. & 10-Inch High. Red Plastic Wheels Move. Which Are 5-Inch Around. Handle Is 14-Inch Long. Crate Says: Bottles: Jonesboro., Ark. Made Of Wood. Put In Yard, With Plants. Easy To Move Around. Colleen/262-748-4343. VINTAGE SOLID DARK BROWN WOOD ROCKER Strong & Heavy! Seat Measures: 21 By 18, And 2- Inch Thick. 40-Inch Tall, Counting Back Of Rocker. 18-Inch From Seat To Floor. 27-Inch Wide, At Widest Part (Rocker's Feet. Rock Baby Or Grandchild. Has Writing On Bottom, (Seat). $60, Obo! /Colleen-262-748-4343. BEANIE BABIES, large inventory, includes McDonald's Beanie Babies. Prices vary call (262) 654- 6485 DROP THAT DISH New 4k Indoor Antenna ! $80 ! 847-372-6722 ! 3 DEUCE Andy Granatelli Aluminum Intake Manniford For Ford Flat Heads. Call 262-620 6301. Leave Message If No Answer. UPRIGHT LYON & HEALY PIANO FOR SALE $400. Call me at 262- 496-3503 between 4 PM and 8 PM or email me at [email protected] TIRED OF FRIED FISH? Steam or poach your fish whole! Stainless steel BIG steamer/poacher and SS serving tray only $45.00. Call Kent 262-960-0621. [email protected] NORMAN ROCKWELL PLATES $10 each Call 262-771-8764 Harley Davidson Jacket $200, Colleen Rybarik [email protected]. 262-748- 4343 WANTED. STREET PAVER BRICKS wanted Please call 262.697.3545 and leave a message. WANTED TO BUY: Vintage Movie Posters, Comic Books, LP Records, Vintage Toys, Horror VHS, Horror Memorabilia, Science Fiction Pulps & Magazines, Video Store Promotional Items. PH 262- 237-0318. WANTED TO BUY: Old Post Cards, B&W Photos, B&W Photo Albums, Vintage Advertising, Old Hunting Licenses & Advertising, Scrapbooks, Old Misc.Paper, Old Automobile Advertising, Fountain Pens, Gillette Razors & More. Local Collector/Neutral Safe & Secure Site to meet if desired. Cash Paid. Call or Text Stan 262- 496-1822 ARCADE DRIVERS SCHOOL is looking for classroom & driver instructors. Starting pay $17.00 per hour. If interested please call 262-637-9193 or email us at [email protected]. LOOKING FOR NURSES Aid for in home care. Call Barbara 262- 455-3953 SERVICES. TAX & MEDICARE EXPERT. Appointments only. Se Habla Español. 262.833.7070 CHINESE LANGUAGE / CALLIGRAPHY LESSONS: Fun, fascinating and very cool. Beginning and advanced - all ages! Text Dr. Tim at 520.704.3832. FOR RENT Finished Suite private, in-home entrance, in Kenosha. For details call between 8:00 AM and 4:30 PM, 262-843-1630. DRUM LESSONS Private instruction. Band, orchestra, marching and drum set. Rock and many other musical styles. Learn to read music. Call Tom for details. 262- 818-2869. PROFESSIONAL LED TEETH WHITENING for a fraction of the price! $99 at cabana tan spa. call to book: 262-843-2411. 20 minute session = a bright white smile! mycabanatan.com NURSING CARE /CONSULTATION: $35.00/hour. Call or text to (262)758- 1974 FAST COMPUTER SERVICE including network support, spyware removal, upgrades and PC repair. For friendly service with a smile, call Vikkex today! Phone (262-694-7746) BABYSITTING YOUNG LADY good with kids can watch 1 or 2 children call 262-620-4745 House cleaning woman + a bucket - reliable, dependable. Also clean vacant houses. Call for estimates - Sandy 262-221-2289 HOUSES AND OR business sun shine klean is having a special this month for first time customers free upholstery cleaning with at basic cleaning for only $39.95 262-287-5103 CNAS TO JOIN wellness team at Barton of Zion, five star assisted living. Send resume pdifore@bartonhealthcare.org apply within at 3500 Sheridan Road Zion, IL 60099 847-872-1500 FREE HOME HEATING Fuel Oil Removal I will remove your unused home heating fuel oil for free..clean and safe . Inquire about tank removal also ... 262 818 1967 ..ask for dave TYPING. I am an experienced legal secretary with excellent typing skills wanting to type for you at home. Please contact Alicia at 256-658-4484. TAX & BOOKKEEPING. 30 Years experience Audits handld enrolled agent appointment only call 262- 595-8242 CAREGIVER SELF-EMPLOYED live-in caregiver with 20 years experience giving 24 hr. care references. Looking for job. If you need me, please call Teresa 262-497- 0502. CUT AWAY GRASS Edging to last - not stringline - will help drainage. All with cleanup and haul away. Just call 262-654-2509. YARD CLEAN UP Junk, brush, dog waste, anything to haul away. Just call262-654-2509. 1-866-PIANIST PIANO TUNER 17 years of experience in Racine, Kenosha, Walworth, & Lake Co. Website:pianist.vpweb.com AFFORDABLE HOME HEALTHCARE services. 1 hour minumum 24 hour care is available. Call 262-358-5619 for more information On services available. work AFFORDABLE CAREGIVER SERVICES for All Ages $18 HR. To inquire Call 262-358-7057 VEHICLES0 1973 Ford F250, CAMPER SPECIAL2WD,CALIFORNIA ORIGINAL, REBUILT MOTOR/TRANS, AUTO, AC, NEW INTERIOR, CAN SEND PICS. $13,500 OBO. 630- 945-8320. 1997 FORD F-150 TRUCK WITH SNOW PLOWV-8, PS, PB, AUTO., 150K MILES CLEAN, $3500.00 [email protected] 2007 HYUNDAI SONATA SEE IN KENOSHA AT 4121-7TH. AVE. 53140 262-237-1343 RUSS CALL OR TEXT 212K MILES $2950 2012 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN SEE IN KENOSHA AT 4121-7TH. AVE. 53140 RUSS 262-237-1343 CALL OR TEXT NICE CAR AT A NICE PRICE $5450 174K MILES 2016 CHRYSLER TOWN AND COUNTRY $6950 184K MILES SEE IN KENOSHA AT 4121-7TH. AVE. 53140 RUSS 262-237-1343 CALL OR TEXT NICE VAN AT A NICE PRICE 1997 FORD TRUCK F-150 WITH SNOW PLOW V-8, PS, PB, AUTO. 150K MILES, GOOD CONDITION $4000.00 OBO [email protected] FREE CLASSIFIEDS! E-mail your 170 character classified to: [email protected] Please include your contact information in the classified. (Name and Phone number / e-mail address) First 3 words will be boldface type. NO ANIMALS. • NO PERSONALS ALLOWED. CLASSIFIED DEADLINE IS MONDAY, APRIL 3, 2023 AT 12 NOON FREE CLASSIFIEDS! Employment/Opportunities • Lost & Found • Miscellaneous Real Estate • Rentals • Rummage Sales • Vehicles • Wanted

Senior Citizens Receive a 10% DISCOUNT SR121720 24 SMART READER April 6, 2023 FOR ADVERTISING RATES CALL 262-564-8800 2801 - 30th Avenue (Wood Road) Kenosha, WI 262-551-0600 Back by popular demand owner Jim Karls presents... Wednesdays 5pm-9pm $18 Adults $12 Kids 12 & under It’s not just dinner... it’s an event! Choose your ingredients & watch Chef Fred create a spectacular feast before your very eyes! Che Bello! Featuring: veggies, shrimp, scallops, calamari, crawfish, chicken breast, beef or pork tenderloin, Italian sausage, a variety of sauces, marinara, marsala, alfredo, vodka, Alogi e olio, & many different pastas. Includes homemade Italian Bread & Soup or Salad CHEF FRED BELTOYA’S PASTA NIGHT! 012623 Don’t pay your auto insurance yet Safe Driver Discount Multi-Policy Discounts* Life Multi-Policy Discount** Multi-Car Discounts Pay Plan Discount First Accident Forgiveness Discounts for Safety Features You may be able to save up to 30% with: Gregory Dicello Gregory J Dicello Ins Svcs 6121 Green Bay Rd Ste 270 Kenosha, WI 53142-2929 [email protected] 262-764-5422 *Discount eligibility, rates and coverages vary by state. **Life insurance not available in N.Y. S1041 Not all companies are licensed or operate in all states. Not all products are offered in all states. Go to erieinsurance.com for company licensure and territory information. SR 011223 AUGUST 4th , 5th & 6 A th UGUST 4th , 5th & 6th Summer Is Just Around The Corner ummer Is Just Around The Corner SAVE THE DATE! AVE THE DATE! 040623 DOCKSIDE OCKSIDE