Plesiosaurios North of Chile

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46 Fig. 4. Cryptoclididae indet. A, MUHNCAL.20175. Dorsal vertebra in articular view, with sandstone matrix
digitally faded; B, Scheme of the same; C, Pectoral vertebra in articular view (opposite side of the same
47 block), with sandstone matrix digitally faded; D, Scheme of the same; E, MUHNCAL.20172. Isolated dorsal
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49 centrum; F. MUHNCAL.20146. Fragment of dentary. Anatomical abbreviations: if, internal facet of the
50 prezygapophyses; nc, neural canal; np, neural pedicels; ns, neural spine; pg, posterior groove; pf, posterior

51 facet; pdp, paradental plate; prz, prezygapophysis; tp, transverse process. Scale bar equals 50 mm. except

52 C, equals 10 mm. [planned to page width]

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26 Fig. 5. A. Xenopsaria indet. MUHNCAL.20176. Schematics of the bone remains in anatomical position. Scale
27 bar equals 50 cm. B-D. Detail of each block preserving axial elements. Scale bar equals 10 cm. Anatomical
28 abbreviations: cr, cervical ribs; cv, cervical vertebrae; dr, dorsal ribs; dv, dorsal vertebrae; pv, pectoral
29 vertebrae; trr, transitional ribs. [planned for page width]
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45 Fig. 6. Xenopsaria indet. MUHNCAL.20176. A. anteriormost preserved block (mirrored for better view), and
46 following block with neck elements. B. anatomical interpretation of the preserved elements. Posterior
cervical vertebrae of cryptoclidids and leptocleidids, for comparison. C. Cryptoclidus eurymerus (Phillips,
47 1871), left view. Modified from Brown (1981:fig. 8b). D. Muraenosaurus leedsi Seeley, 1874
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(=Muraenosaurus 'durobrivensis'), left view. Modified from Andrews (1910:fig. 51). E. Brancasaurus brancai
49 Wegner, 1914, right view (mirrored for comparison). Modified from Wegner (1914:plateVII, 2a). F.
50 Nichollsaura borealis Druckenmiller and Russell, 2008, right view (mirrored for comparison). Modified from

51 Druckenmiller and Russell (2008:fig. 11). Anatomical abbreviations: ns, neural spines; cc, cervical centra;

52 d1, first dorsal centrum; dv, dorsal vertebra; pv; pectoral vertebrae; poz, postzygapophyses; prz,
53 prezygapophyses; trp, transverse processes. Scale bar equals 100 mm. [planned for page width]

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40 Fig. 7. Xenopsaria indet. MUHNCAL.20176. A. Cast of the left humerus in ventral view. B. Cast of the right
humerus in oblique view. C. Humeral ontogenetic series of Cryptoclidus eurymerus. From Caldwell (1997:fig.
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42 5A-E). Dorsal views of several cryptoclidids. D. Cryptoclidus eurymerus. E. Cryptoclidus richardsoni. F.

43 Muraenosaurus leedsi. G. Microcleidus beloclis. H. Tricleidus seeleyi. I. Colymbosaurus trochanterius. C-H,

44 from Brown (1981: fig. 44). J. Spitrasaurus wensaasi, ventral view. Modified from Knutsen et al. (2012: fig.

45 11). Humeral morphologies among elasmosaurids. K. Callawayasaurus colombiensis, left humerus in dorsal

46 view. From Welles (1962: fig .6). L. Thalassomedon haningtoni, right humerus in dorsal view (mirrored).
47 From Welles (1952: fig. 17). M. Styxosaurus browni, left humerus in dorsal view. From Welles (1952: fig.
48 7). N. Hydrotherosaurus alexandrae, right humerus in dorsal view (mirrored). From Welles (1952: fig 20).
49 Scale bar in A, B equals 100 mm; C, 50 mm; D-N, 100 mm. [planned for page width]

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36 Fig. 8. Elasmosauridae indet. MUHNCAL.20174.Cervical-dorsal axial section. A. Left lateral view. B.
37 Schematics of the previous. C. Ventral view. D. Right lateral view. Anatomical abbreviations: lcv, last
38 cervical vertebra; r-tp, rib-transverse process mixed facet; d1, first dorsal vertebra; pv, pectoral vertebrae.
39 Scale bar equals 100 mm. [planned to page width]
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46 Fig. 9. Elasmosauridae indet. MUHNCAL.20174. A-E. Five anteriormost cervical vertebrae in anterior articular
view. The sixth cervical vertebra remains articulated to the fifth, making impossible its anterior view. F.
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48 Detail of the neural spine of the third preserved cervical vertebra. G. Detail of the neural spine of the third

49 preserved cervical vertebra. H-M. Anterior view of the four pectoral vertebrae preserved. A12-A13. Anterior
50 view of the two dorsal vertebrae preserved. Anatomical abbreviations: nc, neural canal; prz,

51 prezygapophyses. A-E, H-M, scale bar = 100 mm; F, G, scale bar equals 10 mm. [planned to page width]

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44 Fig. 10. Comparison of MUHNCAL.20181 (Pliosauridae indet). with other pliosaurid genera and species.
45 Schemes not to scale. [planned to page width]
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30 Fig. 11. Middle-to-Upper Jurassic tectonic plate map showing the known records of cyptoclidids, pliosaurids
31 and elasmosaurids, including the new material here studied. Plate tectonic map modified from ODSN Plate
Tectonic Reconstruction Service, University of Bremen, Germany
32 (http://www.odsn.de/odsn/services/paleomap/paleomap.html). [planned to page width]
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