Sorani Kurdish Vocabulary - Harvard University

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

dar-~ la to drive away from, to chase against the wall
out of; dâ-~ to shake: la dârakáwa
am sewâná’m dâpařândà khwâr I pashîmân ‫ن‬7‫ـ‬8‫ ﭘـﻪﺷـ‬regretful, sorry; ~-kir-
shook these apples down from the
tree; râ-~ to wake up, roust out of dinawa to dissuade
sleep
pashok|ân ‫ ﭘـﻪﺷـﯚﰷن‬pashoke- ‰‫ ﭘـﻪﺷـﯚﮐـ‬v.i.
pařâw ‫ ﭘﻪڕاو‬notebook to get upset, be terrified; ~âw ‫ﭘــﻪﺷــﯚﰷو‬
parâwezân ‫ـﺰان‬¤‫ ﭘـﻪراو‬parâweze- ‫ـﺰێ‬¤‫ﭘـﻪراو‬ terrified; ~âwî ‫ ﭘﻪﺷﯚﰷوی‬terror

v.t. to edit pasind ‫ﻨﺪ‬8‫ ﭘﻪﺳ‬approval
past ‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـﺖ‬low, dejected; ~î ‫ـﱴ‬8‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـ‬dejec-
parcham ‫ ﭘﻪر¸ﻪم‬bangs
parch-dânawa ‫ ﭘــﻪرچ داﻧــﻪوﻩ‬v.t. to pound tion; ba ~îawa ‫;ﻪوﻩ‬n‫ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻪﺳ‬dejectedly
pastâwtin ‫ـﻦ‬Ž‫ـﺘـﺎو‬8‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـ‬v.t. to stuff, cram; to
(the head of a nail) flat
beat with the feet, kick
parchî ‫ ﭘﻪرﭼﯽ‬cheap, insignificant
pardâkh ‫ ﭘﻪرداخ‬glass, tumbler pat1 ‫ ﭘــــــــﻪت‬rope, cord: pat i hîwâ kawtà
pare ‫ ﭘﻪرێ‬day before yesterday
pařendrân ‫ــﻨــﺪران‬l‫ ﭘــﻪڕ‬v.p. passive of pa- bârîk the thread of hope wore thin,
there was not much hope left
řândin
pat2 ‫ ﭘﻪت‬see lat-u-pat
parez ‫ﺰ‬¤‫ ﭘﻪر‬place for harvested grain patâta ‫ﺗﻪ‬c‫ ﭘﻪ‬potato
paristin ‫ ﭘـــﻪرﺳـــﱳ‬parist- ‫ ﭘـــﻪرﺳـــﺖ‬v.t. to payâ p‫ = ﭘﻪ‬paydâ
payâm ‫م‬p‫ ﭘـﻪ‬message; ~-nârdin to send a
serve, adore, worship
message
parî ‫ ﭘﻪری‬peri, fairy
pařîn ‫ـﻦ‬a‫ ﭘـﻪڕ‬pař- ‫ ﭘـﻪڕ‬v.i. to leap, jump; te- paydâ ‫ ﭘــﻪﯾــﺪا‬visible, found; ~-bûn v.i. to

~ la to pass by/through happen, to become visible; ~-kirdin
v.t. to find
parmûn ‫ ﭘـﻪرﻣـﻮون‬parme- ‰‫ ﭘـﻪرﻣـ‬v.t. to rely
payjo(r) ‫ ﭘــﻪﳚــﯚر‬investigator, researcher;
on oneself; râ-~ to consider worthy,
to find s.o. capable (+ subj.) of doing ~î investigation, research
something
paymân ‫ ﭘـــﻪﳝـــﺎن‬promise; ~-bastin lagał
parsh ‫ ﭘــﻪرش‬scattered; ~ u bilâw kirdin-
awa ‫ـﺮدﻧـﻪوﻩ‬6 ‫ ﭘـﻪرش و ﺑـﻼو‬v.t. to scatter, let v.t. to make a promise to someone

loose: kichá qizh’î parsh u bilâw paytâ-paytâ ‫ ﭘـﻪﯾـﺘـﺎ ﭘـﻪﯾـﺘـﺎ‬constantly, contin-
kirdawa the girl let her hair fly loose
uously
parsiv ‫ ﭘﻪرﺳﭫ‬answer, response
partuk ‫ ﭘﻪ ﺗرﻮک‬book paywand ‫ ﭘﻪﯾﻮﻩﻧﺪ‬connection, relation
parwarda-kirdin ‫ـــــﺮدن‬B ‫ ﭘـــــﻪروﻩردﻩ‬v.t. to paz ‫ ﭘﻪز‬sheep
pazhâra ‫ ﭘﻪژارﻩ‬sorrow, worry
raise, rear (flocks, herds) pâchîn ‫ ﭘــﺎ¸ــﲔ‬v.t. to pound; dâ-~ to split

parzh ‫ ﭘﻪرژ‬opportunity from top to bottom
pařzh ‫ ﭘﻪڕژ‬broadcast, widespread
parzhîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ ﭘﻪرژ‬relation; business pâdâsht ‫ ﭘـﺎداﺷـﺖ‬reward; ~-dânawa to re-
parzhân ‫ ﭘـــﻪرژان‬parzhe- ‫ ﭘـــﻪرژێ‬v.i. to be
ward
busy
pâk ‫ ﭘـــــــــــﺎک‬pure, clean; ~-kirdin v.t. to
pasand-bûn la v ‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـﻪﻧـﺪ ﺑـﻮون‬to be pleas-
clean
ing to
pâł ‫ ﭘـــــﺎڵ‬side; back; inside: la ~ khoy’dâ
pasârdin ‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـﺎردن‬paser- ‫ـﺮ‬Œ‫ ﭘـﻪﺳـ‬v.t.: hał-~
tûřaya he’s angry inwardly; ~-dân
ba ...awa to lean against: bel ba v.t. to push: nâbizue: wara dagalmân
pâl da it won’t budge: come push
with us; ~-dânawa v.t. to lean back,
rest; ~-dân ba v.t. to lean against:
~im ba dîwârawa dâ I leaned against

dîwârawa hałpasera lean the shovel the wall; ~-kawtin v.i. to lie down; ~

213

SORANI KURDISH

pewa nân v.t. to push; la ~ a kho’dâ portune; ba ~ i in account of; ~ pewa

for one’s own part, on one’s own be- nân v.t. to get a move on, to hightail

half it out; dang i ~yek the sound of a
footstep; ~ la kawsh’(d)â bûn to in-
pâławân ‫ـــــﻪوان‬T‫ ﭘـــــﺎ‬champion, hero; ~etî sist, to be firm: peyèkit la kawsh’â bet
‫ﱴ‬Œ‫ﻪواﻧ‬T‫ ﭘﺎ‬, ~iyatî ‫ﻪواﻧﻴﻪﰏ‬T‫ ﭘﺎ‬heroism u aw pekát nakirdibe ba jey bela be
firmly resolved, stick to your guns
pâłâ Ÿ‫ = ﭘﺎ‬pelâw
pâłpishtî ‫ﱴ‬8‫ﺸ‬ÎT‫ ﭘﺎ‬backing, support pe3 ‰Š‫( ﭘـــــــــ‬postposition) see ba; ~… wâ
pâłtâw ‫ﺘﺎو‬T‫ ﭘﺎ‬overcoat
pân ‫ ﭘﺎن‬wide, broad, shallow bûn to think, be of the opinion that:
pâr ‫ ﭘﺎر‬last year pem wâ bû I thought so; pey wâ bû
pâra ‫ ﭘﺎرﻩ‬money diz u regirin he thought they were
pâřân ‫ ﭘـــــﺎڕان‬pâře- ‫ ﭘـــــﺎڕێ‬v.i. to beg, be- robbers and brigands

seech pe4 ‰Š‫ ﭘـ‬cmpd. vb. element, see under ver-

pârâstin ‫ ﭘـــﺎراﺳـــﱳ‬pârez- ‫ـــﺰ‬¤‫ ﭘـــﺎر‬la v.t. to bal element: pe-gayshtin, pe-kanîn,
pe-wîstin
protect from, keep
pe-chûn ‫ﭽﻮون‬²‫ ﭘ‬see under chûn ba
pârâztin ‫ﻦ‬Ž‫ = ﭘﺎراز‬pârastin pe-kirdin ‫ـــﮑـــﺮدن‬²‫ ﭘـــ‬v.t. to force, oblige:
pârez ‫ـــﺰ‬¤‫ ﭘـــﺎر‬avoidance, abstaining; am-
pe’yân kirdim aw kârá bikam they
bush; ~-birdin v.t. to ambush; ~-chûn

v.i. to wait in ambush; ~-kirdin v.t. to forced me to do it; to fool; to light
(fire); dast ~ (+ inf.) to begin (doing)
abstain; ~rân ‫ـــﺰران‬¤‫ ﭘـــﺎر‬v.p. to be pro-
tected, kept; ~ar ‫ـﺰﻩر‬¤‫ ﭘـﺎر‬defender, pro- pechawâna ‫ـﻪواﻧـﻪ‬Â‫ـ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬reverse, opposite; ba
tector, defence lawyer; ~gâr ‫ــﺰﮔــﺎر‬¤‫ﭘــﺎر‬ ~wa ‫ﻪواﻧﻪوﻩ‬²‫ ﺑﻪ ﭘ‬on the contrary
protector; ~î ‫ـــــﺰی‬¤‫ ﭘـــــﺎر‬protection; ~î-
kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ﺰی‬¤‫ ﭘﺎر‬v.t. to protect pechân ‫ـﺎن‬Â‫ـ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬pech- ‫ـﭻ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬v.t. to fold, wrap;
pârû ‫ ﭘﺎروو‬morsel
pâsawân ‫ ﭘﺎﺳﻪوان‬guard; ~î surveillance hał-~ v.t. to roll up
pâsh ‫ ﭘــــــﺎش‬after (prep); ~-kawtin to fall
pechrân ‫ـﭽـﺮان‬²‫ ﭘـ‬pechre- ‫ـﭽـﺮێ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬v.p. to be
behind, be backward; ~-khistin v.t. to
delay; to neglect, ignore; ~ awaî (ka) wrapped
after (conj.); la ~’â afterwards; ~a-
pedasht ‫ﺪﻩﺷﺖ‬²‫ ﭘ‬piedmont plain
rozh ‫ ﭘـﺎﺷـﻪرۆژ‬future; ~kawtû ‫ﭘـﺎﺷـﮑـﻪوﺗـﻮو‬ pedâ ‫ﺪا‬²‫ = ﭘ‬paydâ
backward; ~mana ‫ ﭘـﺎﴰـﻪﻧـﻪ‬left-over; la- pedâwîst ‫ﺪاو§ﺴﺖ‬²‫ = ﭘ‬pewîst
maw~ ‫ﻣﻪوﭘﺎش‬v henceforth peghamar ‫ﻐﻪﻣﻪر‬²‫ ﭘ‬prophet
pâshał ‫ ﭘﺎﺷﻪڵ‬back of the skirt; hind leg pek ‫ـﮏ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬together, in order; ~-ânîn v.t. to
pâshâ ‫ ﭘﺎﺷﺎ‬king, prince
pâshu ‫ ﭘﺎﺷﻮ‬leg (of an animal) accomplish, to reconcile; ~-biřrân
pâya ‫ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ‬rank v.i. to be suitable: to u aw kirâsá
pâyiz ‫ﺰ‬a‫ ﭘﺎ‬autumn daley pek biřrâwin it’s as though you
pâzh ‫ ﭘﺎژ‬portion, section; document and that shirt were made for each
pe1 ‰Š‫( ﭘـ‬adj.) (1) fasting: min amřo peyim other; ~-gayshtin v.i. to meet, see
each other; ~-hâtin v.i. to agree, get
I’m fasting today; (2) on hand: pûl’it along together; to consist (la of); ~-
henân v.t. to put together, produce,

accomplish; to reconcile; ~awa ‫ـﮑـﻪوﻩ‬²‫ﭘـ‬

together; ~awa-nân v.t. to shut, close

peya? do you have any money on (book, eyes), to stick together; rek u
hand?; (3) lit (fire): âgir peya the
fire’s lit ~ ‫ﮏ‬²‫ﮏوﭘ‬¤‫ ر‬ordered, arranged
pe-kanîn ‫ﮑﻪﻧﲔ‬²‫ ﭘ‬v.i. to laugh
pe2 ‰Š‫ ﭘـ‬foot; ~-dâ-girtin v.t. to insist, im- pekân ‫ـﲀن‬²‫ ﭘـ‬peke- ‰‫ـﮑـ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬v.t. to hit with an

214

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

arrow or bullet, hit the mark pewa ‫ــﻮﻩ‬²‫ﭘــ‬: ~ dân see ba …awa dân; ~

pełâw ‫و‬˲‫ ﭘ‬shoes girtin see ba …awa girtin
peło ‫ﯚ‬k²‫ ﭘ‬eyelid
penâs ‫ﺎس‬žŒ‫ ﭘ‬identity, identity card pewand ‫ـﻮﻩﻧـﺪ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬contact, link; ~-girtin la-
penâw ‫ـﺎو‬ž‫ـ‬Œ‫ﭘـ‬: la ~ i ...’dâ for, for the sake
gał v.t. to form a link with
of: la penâw i âzâdî’dâ khom bakht
akam I’ll risk my life for the sake of pewân ‫ﻮان‬²‫ ﭘ‬pew- ‫ﻮ‬²‫ ﭘ‬v.t. to measure
freedom pewâr ‫ﻮار‬²‫ ﭘ‬unseen, invisible
pewdân ‫ﻮدان‬²‫ ﭘ‬measure, rule
penj ‫ـﺞ‬ž‫ـ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬five; ~am ‫ـﻪم‬í‫ـ‬ž‫ـ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬fifth; ~sham- pewîst ‫ـﻮ§ـﺴـﺖ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬necessary; ~î ‫ـﱴ‬8‫ـﻮ§ـﺴـ‬²‫ ﭘـ‬ne-
ma ‫ﺠﺸﻪﳑﻪ‬žŒ‫ ﭘ‬Thursday
cessity
peřaw ‫ﻩو‬g‫ـــ‬Œ‫ ﭘـــ‬pedestrian; sidewalk; pro-
gram pey ‫ﯽ‬Š²‫ = ﭘ‬pe2
pichiřândin ‫اﻧـﺪن‬g‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬pichiřen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤g‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬v.t.
pere ‫ﺮێ‬Œ‫ = ﭘ‬pare to break, break apart
pesh ‫ـﺶ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬before, ahead; ~ awaî (ka) be-
pichiřîn ‫ـﻦ‬ag‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬pichiř- g‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬v.t. to break,

cut; ~-awa la to sever relations with:

fore (conj); ~-girtin ba v.t. to kâkim la ema pichiřîwatawa, hâtu-

prevent: la chûn pesh’yân pe girtim chû’mân nâkâ my brother has severed

they prevented me from going; ~- relations with us—he doesn’t come to

girtin la v.t. to stand in front of; ~- see us; hał-~ to force a cover off

kawtin v.i. to advance, go forward, pichiřrân ‫ان‬g‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬pichiřre- ‫ێ‬g‫ ﭘـﭽـ‬v.p. to be
get ahead of: peshmân kawtûn they broken, snapped
have gotten ahead of us; dânà ~ to
drive forward pichok ‫ ﭘﭽﯚک‬little, tiny
pif ‫ ﭘﻒ‬puff; ~-kirdin v.t. to puff, blow
peshak ‫ﺸﻪک‬Œ‫ ﭘ‬foreword pil ‫ ﭘﻞ‬finger, toe
peshawâ ‫ﺸﻪوا‬Œ‫ ﭘ‬leader pilân ‫ ﭘﻼن‬plan
peshîn ‫ـﺸـﲔ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬former, olden; ~îân ‫ـ;ـﺎن‬À‫ـﻴـ‬8‫ـﺸ‬Œ‫ﭘـ‬ piłâw ‫و‬Ë‫ ﭘ‬pilaf, cooked rice
piling ‫ ﭘﻠﻨﮓ‬tiger
the ancients, ancestors, forefathers piłîshâ|nawa ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎﻧـﻪوﻩ‬k‫ ﭘـ‬v.i. to be mashed,

peshkash ‫ـﺸـﮑـﻪش‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬present, gift; ~-kirdin squashed; ~ndinawa ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎﻧـﺪﻧـﻪوﻩ‬k‫ ﭘـ‬v.t. to

ba v.t. to present to; ~-krân v.p. to be squash
presented
pilk ‫ ﭘﻠﮏ‬eyelid
peshkawtû ‫ـﺸـﮑـﻪوﺗـﻮو‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬advanced, progres- piř g‫ــــــــــــ‬º full; for compounds, see next

sive element; la ~ g‫ـ‬º v, la ~èk’á ‫ـﲀ‬¤g‫ـ‬º v, la
~dâ ‫دا‬g‫ــــــ‬º v suddenly, all at once; ~ la
peshmarga ‫ـﺸـﻤـﻪرﮔـﻪ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬guerilla, freedom
…awa full of; ~-bûn la to be angry
fighter with: let piřim: mamdwena I’m angry
with you: don’t speak to me; ~’î
peshnirâw ‫ـﺸـﲊاو‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬proposed, suggested; pe’dâ kirdin v.t. to snatch away; ~âî

proposal ‫اﰃ‬g‫ـ‬º midst, middle: la piřâî i âwakádâ

peshnyâr ‫ـ;ـﺎر‬À‫ـﺸـ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬suggestion; ~-kirdin in the middle of the water; majority:
piřâî i khałkaká hât the majority of
v.t. to suggest the people came

peshnyâz ‫ـ;ـﺎز‬À‫ـﺸـ‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬suggestion; ~-kirdin pird ‫ﺮد‬º bridge
piřma ‫ﻣﻪ‬gº whinny, snivel
v.t. to suggest pirshing ‫ﻨﮓ‬8‫ﺮﺷ‬º ray
pirsîn ‫ﺮﺳﲔ‬º pirs- ‫ﺮس‬º la v.t. to ask
peshwakht ‫ﺸﻮﻩﺧﺖ‬Œ‫ ﭘ‬early, untimely
peshwâz ‫ـﺸـﻮاز‬Œ‫ ﭘـ‬greeting: hât ba peshwâz

i merdakáyawa she came to greet her
husband; ~î kirdin v.t. to receive

pest ‫ﺴﺖ‬Œ‫ ﭘ‬skin
petakht ‫ﻪﺧﺖ‬µŒ‫ ﭘ‬capital

215

SORANI KURDISH

pirsyâr ‫ـﻴـﺎر‬8‫ـﺮﺳـ‬º question; ~-kirdin la v.t. ‫ ﭘـــــــﲑی‬old age; the act of going out to
to ask s.o. greet a superior; ba ~î i …awa hâtin
to come/go out to greet
piřtâw ‫و‬cgº haste; ba ~ hâtin to rush
pirtuk ‫ ﺗﺮﻮک‬º piece Pîrânshâr ‫ـﺸـﺎر‬ë‫ ﭘـﲑا‬Piranshahr, a town in
piryâska ‫ﺳﮑﻪ‬p‫ﺮ‬º small sack
piřzhân ‫ژان‬g‫ــــ‬º v.i. to be scattered, sprin- Iranian Kurdistan

kled; hał-~ to grapple; to squirt: pe’m pîroz ‫ ﭘﲑۆز‬happy, blessed, auspicious
le nâ, quř u lîta’m pe hałpirzhâ I put pîs ‫ ﭘـ›ـﺲ‬dirty, filthy; ~ gâl-dân ‫ﭘـ›ـﺲ ﮔـﺎل‬

‫ دان‬v.t. to stir up filth; dil ~-kirdin la
my foot in it and mud squirted up all v.t. to suspect the worst of
over me
pîsha ‫ ﭘ›ﺸﻪ‬trade, craft
piřzhândin ‫ژاﻧـﺪن‬g‫ـ‬º piřzhen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ژ‬g‫ـ‬º v.t. to pîshân ‫ ﭘ›ﺸﺎن‬trace; ~-dân v.t. to show
pît ‫ ﭘ›ﺖ‬letter of the alphabet
scatter, sprinkle, squirt pît u lat ‫ت‬v ‫ ﭘ›ﺖ و‬bit, little bit
pîwâz ‫ ﭘﻴﻮاز‬onion
pisân ‫ﺴﺎن‬é v.i. to break, snap po ‫ ﭘﯚ‬weft
pishî ‫ﺸﯽ‬é cat; ~la ƒ‫ﻴ‬8‫ﺸ‬é kitten pol ‫ ﭘﯚل‬flock (of birds)
pishkinîn ‫ـﲔ‬ž‫ـﺸـﮑـ‬é pishkin- ‫ـﺸـﮑـﻦ‬é v.t. to poł ‫ ﭘــــــﯚڵ‬grade: la pol i penjam i ibtidâ-

examine î’dâ in the fifth grade of elementary

pisht ‫ـﺸـﺖ‬é back; reliance; generation; ~

ba khwâ for God’s sake; ~ bastin ba

v.t. to click on; ~-dân v.t. to run school; group, squadron
away; ~-dân-awa v.t. to calm down:
biro ~ i khot’î le bidawa go calm połâ Ÿ‫ ﭘﯚ‬steel
down; ~-girtin v.t. to help, protect; ~ pop ‫ ﭘــﯚپ‬cock’s comb, forelock; lik-u-~
hał-kirdin v.t. to turn away in anger;
~-kirdin ba v.t. to rely on; ~ te-kir- ‫ﮏوﭘﯚپ‬¢ branches and twigs
din v.t. to turn the back on, ignore; ~- poř ‫ ﭘــــــــــﯚڕ‬hair (on the head); partridge;

astûr complacent; ~ i ‫ـﱴ‬8‫ـﺸـ‬é behind; ~î pân u ~ ‫ ﭘﺎنوﭘﯚڕ‬wide, broad
‫ـﱴ‬8‫ـﺸـ‬é bolster; ba~ ‫ـﺸـﺖ‬é‫ ﺑـﻪ‬solid, firm, poshîn ‫ ﭘـﯚﺷـﲔ‬posh- ‫ ﭘـﯚش‬v.t. to wear, put

on

poshta ‫ـﺘـﻪ‬8‫ ﭘـﯚﺷـ‬chic; happy; ~-kirdinawa
strong v.t. to dress in fine clothes

pishtâw ‫ـﺘـﺎو‬8‫ـﺸـ‬é gunpowder sack; type of post1 ‫ ﭘــﯚﺳــﺖ‬skin, peel; ~-girtinawa v.t.

pistol to peel: post i am khayârá bigirawa
peel this cucumber
pishter ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ﺘ‬8‫ﺸ‬é stable
pishû ‫ـــﺸـــﻮو‬é breath; ~-dân v.t. to take a post2 ‫ ﭘــــــﯚﺳــــــﺖ‬post, mail; ~ i alîktronî
‫ﱴ ﺋﻪﻟﻴﮑﱰۆﱏ‬8‫ ﭘﯚﺳ‬e-mail
breath
prûsk ‫ـــــﺮووﺳـــــﮏ‬º remains of a decayed
pispoř ‫ﭙﯚڕ‬8‫ﺴ‬é expert
pisû ‫ﺴﻮو‬é feeling corpse
pitaw ‫ ﭘﺘﻪو‬strong, firm
pitir ‫ ﭘﱰ‬earlier; more prûsha-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ﺮووﺷﻪ‬º v.t. to nibble
pizhîshk ‫ﮋ§ﺸﮏ‬º doctor, physician pushpař ‫ﭙﻪڕ‬8‫ ﭘﻮﺷ‬the month of Cancer
pizhma ‫ﮋﻣﻪ‬º sneeze pûł ‫ ﭘﻮوڵ‬money
pizhmîn ‫ﮋﻣﲔ‬º pizhm- ‫ﮋم‬º v.i. to sneeze pûř-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ ﭘﻮوڕ‬v.t. to store
pizîshk ‫ﺰ§ﺸﮏ‬º = pizhîshk pûs ‫ ﭘﻮوس‬skin
pîlân ‫ = ﭘﻴﻼن‬pilân pûsh ‫ ﭘﻮوش‬dried grass
pîr ‫ ﭘــــــﲑ‬old, aged; ~ak ‫ ﭘــــــﲑﻩک‬woman, pût ‫ ﭘﻮوت‬weight equal to sixteen kilos
pyâ ‫ = ﭘﻴﺎ‬pe’(d)â
wife; ~amerd ‫ـﺮد‬Œ‫ ﭘـﲑﻩﻣـ‬old man; ~azhin pyâła ‫ﻪ‬T‫ ﭘﻴﺎ‬cup
‫ﭘـــﲑﻩژن‬, ~ezhin ‫ـــﮋن‬¤‫ ﭘـــﲑ‬old woman; ~î pyâsa ‫ ﭘـﻴـﺎﺳـﻪ‬walk, stroll; ~-kirdin v.t. to

216

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

take a stroll, go for a walk qawr ‫ ﻗﻪور‬grave, tomb
qaychî ‫ﯽ‬:‫ ﻗﻪ‬scissors
pyâw ‫ ﭘـــﻴـــﺎو‬man; ~atî ‫ ﭘـــﻴـــﺎوﻩﰏ‬manhood, qayd ‫ ﻗـﻪﯾـﺪ‬impediment; link (in a chain);

manliness, generosity; ~ a gawrakân ~e nâkâ never mind, it doesn’t matter
dignitaries
qazâwat ‫ ﻗﻪزاوﻩت‬judgeship, judiciary
pyâz ‫ ﭘﻴﺎز‬onion qâch ‫ ﻗـــــﺎچ‬leg; har ~èk kirdin ba duân

qaba ‫ ﻗﻪﺑﻪ‬thick v.t. to run as fast as one can: kichá har
qabûł ‫ ﻗـﻪﺑـﻮوڵ‬acceptance; ~-bûn v.i. to be qâchèkî dakâ ba duân the girl runs as
fast as her legs will carry her; ~ khis-
acceptable; ~-kirdin v.t. to accept,

agree to tinà sar … v.t. to step on; ~ râ-
keshân v.t. to stretch out the legs
qadpâl ‫ ﻗﻪدﭘﺎل‬mountainside
qafaza ‫ ﻗﻪﻓﻪزﻩ‬closet, storeroom qâchâkh ‫ ﻗــﺎ¸ــﺎخ‬smuggling, contraband;
qałabâłigh ‫ﻪ¶ﻟﻎ‬T‫ ﻗﻪ‬crowd ~chî ‫ ﻗﺎ¸ﺎﺧﭽﯽ‬smuggler
qałam ‫ﻪم‬T‫ ﻗﻪ‬pen
qaław ‫ــﻪو‬T‫ ﻗــﻪ‬fat; lâm i ~ ‫ــﻪو‬T‫ ﻻﱉ ﻗــﻪ‬velar- qâlî ‫ ﻗﺎﱃ‬carpet
qâmik ‫ ﻗﺎﻣﮏ‬finger, finger joint
ized l qân ‫ ﻗـــﺎن‬qe- Õ v.i.: hał-~ da to get stuck

qałâ Ÿ‫ ﻗﻪ‬fort; ~ycha ‫ﻪ‬:Ÿ‫ ﻗﻪ‬fortress on: dâwenim d’ aw bizmârá hałqâ my
qalâcho ‫ ﻗﻪﻻﭼﯚ‬extermination skirt got stuck on that nail
qałbaz ‫ـﺒـﻪز‬T‫ ﻗـﻪ‬chain of rocks on a moun-
qâp ‫ ﻗﺎپ‬dish
tain; ~a ‫ﺒﻪزﻩ‬T‫ ﻗﻪ‬waterfall qâpelk ‫ﻠﮏ‬²‫ ﻗﺎﭘ‬shell, hollow shell
qalishîn ‫ ﻗﻪﻟﺸﲔ‬v.i. to split, crack qâpî ‫ﯽ‬Š‫ ﻗﺎﭘ‬door, gate
qalisht ‫ ﻗﻪﻟﺸﺖ‬crack, split qâqaz ‫ ﻗﺎﻗﻪز‬paper
qanâra ‫ ﻗﻪ‡رﻩ‬gallows qâramân ‫ ﻗﺎرﻩﻣﺎن‬hero; ~î ‫ ﻗﺎرﻩﻣﺎﱏ‬heroism
qandin ‫ﻗــــﻪﻧــــﺪن‬: hał-~ v.t. to uproot, dig qârch ‫ ﻗـﺎرچ‬mushroom; ~ik ‫ ﻗـﺎر¸ـﮏ‬mush-

up, get out room

qandrân ‫ ﻗـﻪﻧـﺪران‬qandre- ‫ﻗـﻪﻧـﺪرێ‬: hał-~ qârpoz ‫ ﻗﺎرﭘﯚز‬saddlehorn
qârpuz ‫ ﻗﺎرﭘﻮز‬melon; lampshade
v.p. to be uprooted, dug up qât ‫ ﻗـﺎت‬time: hazâr ~ jwântir a thousand

qara ‫ ﻗــﻪرﻩ‬nearness, vicinity; kho nadân times more beautiful

la ~ i … not to get anywhere near qâw1 ‫ ﻗــــــــــــﺎو‬rumor; ~ dâ-khistin v.t. to

qarabâłikh ‫ﺦ‬T¶‫ = ﻗﻪرﻩ‬qalabâligh spread a rumor
qarâkh ‫ ﻗﻪراخ‬edge, outskirts
qasâb ‫ ﻗﻪﺳﺎب‬butcher qâw2 ‫ ﻗﺎو‬dish, plate, container
qast ‫ ﻗﻪﺳﺖ‬intention; la ~ intentionally qâwa ‫ ﻗﺎوﻩ‬coffee
qat ‫ ﻗﻪت‬absolutely qâwirma ‫ ﻗـــــــﺎورﻣـــــــﻪ‬meat fried in small
qatl ‫ ﻗﻪﺗﻞ‬murder
qawân ‫ ﻗــــــــــــﻪوان‬phonograph record; ~- pieces

khwendinà gwe i … v.t. to harp on qâyil-bûn ba ‫ ﻗﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻮون ﺑﻪ‬v.i. to agree to
the same theme to, to keep repeating qâyim ‫ ﻗﺎﱘ‬: ba ~ quick, fast, hard
into s.o.’s ear qâzân ‫ ﻗـﺎزان‬pot, cauldron; ~asar ‫ﻗـﺎزاﻧـﻪﺳـﻪر‬

qawîl ‫ ﻗﻪوﯾﻞ‬accepted, acceptable bogey man
qawmân ‫ ﻗـﻪوﻣـﺎن‬qawme- ‰‫ ﻗـﻪوﻣـ‬v.i. la to
qâzânj ‫ ﻗـﺎزاﱋ‬profit; ~-kirdin v.t. to make
have something wrong or bad happen
to: wak ley naqawmâbe wâ bû it was a profit
as though nothing bad had happened
to him qâzî ‫ ﻗﺎزی‬cadi, Islamic judge
qez ‫ـﺰ‬Œ‫ ﻗـ‬revulsion: ba ~ u bezawa with re-

pugnance

qiłâycha ‫ﻪ‬:Ë‫ ﻗ‬small fortress, castle

217

SORANI KURDISH

qiłîshân ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎن‬k‫ ﻗـ‬qiłîsh- ‫ـ›ـﺶ‬k‫ ﻗـ‬v.i. to split; qoř ‫ ﻗﯚڕ‬nonsense
dâ-~ to split from top to bottom qořa ‫ ﻗﯚڕﻩ‬rumble, rumbling sound
qiłîshândin ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎﻧـﺪن‬k‫ ﻗـ‬qiłîshen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـ›ـﺸـ‬k‫ ﻗـ‬v.t. qoztin ‫ـﻦ‬Ž‫ ﻗـﯚز‬qoz- ‫ ﻗـﯚز‬v.t.; ~awa to snatch
to split, be split; dâ-~ to be split from out of the air: topaká’m hałdâ, la ha-

top to bottom wâ qoztîawa I threw the ball up and
he caught it in mid air
qilyân ‫ ﻗـــﻠـــﻴـــﺎن‬waterpipe, long-stemmed
qsa ‫ ﻗـﺴـﻪ‬words, speech, story; ~-pe-birîn
smoking pipe
v.t. to interrupt: ba tundî qsaká’m pe
qing ‫ﮓ‬ž‫ ﻗ‬buttocks biřî u gutim I quickly interrupted him
qinj ‫ﺞ‬ž‫ ﻗ‬upright, upturned and said; ~-kirdin v.t. to speak, to tell
qinyât ‫ﻴﺎت‬ž‫ ﻗ‬patience a story
qircha ‫ ﻗـﺮ¸ـﻪ‬sound of cracking, splinter-
ing; ~-kirdin v.t. to splinter qtâw = qutâb
qirchân ‫ ﻗـﺮ¸ـﺎن‬v.i. to melt (fat over fire); qubûł ‫ = ﻗﻮﺑﻮوڵ‬qabûl
qula v‫ ﻗﻮ‬mountain peak
~-awa to sting, hurt; hał-~ to be qułang ‫ﮓ‬s‫ﻪ‬T‫ ﻗﻮ‬crane (zoo.)
heated over fire, sizzle, shrivel up qułâkh ‫خ‬Ÿ‫ ﻗـﻮ‬sensitive (of the ear); gwe~
bûnawa v.i. to listen attentively
qirchândin ‫ ﻗـﺮ¸ـﺎﻧـﺪن‬qirchen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﻗـﺮ¸ـ‬v.t. to
heat fat, grease; to make something qułf ‫ﻒ‬T‫ ﻗﻮ‬lock; ~-kirdin v.t. to lock
shrivel up over heat; ~-awa to cau- qum ‫ ﻗـﻮم‬draught, drink: ~e âw a drink of
terize
water
qirîwa ‫ ﻗﺮﯾﻮﻩ‬a shout for joy
qirtaqirt ‫ ﻗ ﺗﺮﻪﻗﺮت‬peep, chirp quř ‫ ﻗـﻮڕ‬mud; ba ~ girtin v.t. to seal with
qirtândin ‫ﻧـﺪن‬c‫ ﻗـﺮ‬qirten- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﻗـ ﺗﺮـ‬v.t. to cut
mud: mâlit ba quř gîre “may your

(with scissors), to tear with the teeth; house be mudded up,” damn you
to crack (seeds with the teeth)
qurbân ‫ ﻗـــﻮر¶ن‬sacrifice; (vocative) qúr-
qirzhâng ‫ﮓ‬s‫ ﻗﺮژا‬crab
qisht ‫ ﻗﺸﺖ‬cute bân sir, sire; ~î-kirdin labar pe i
qit-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ ﻗﺖ‬v.t. to eliminate …dâ v.t. to sacrifice for the sake of
qizh ‫ ﻗﮋ‬hair (on the head)
qîbla ƒ‫ ﻗـ;ـﺒـ‬the kiblah, the direction of Is- qurchândin ‫ ﻗـﻮر¸ـﺎﻧـﺪن‬qurchen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﻗـﻮر¸ـ‬v.t.

lamic prayer to swallow; dâ-~ to swallow, gulp
down
qîn ‫ ﻗﲔ‬spite
qîr ‫ ﻗـــــــﲑ‬tar, pitch; ~rezhî-kirdin v.t. to qurg ‫ ﻗﻮرگ‬throat
qurosh ‫ ﻗﻮرۆش‬piastre
cover with tar quřqushim ‫ ﻗﻮڕﻗﻮﴌ‬lead (metal)
qurs ‫ ﻗﻮرس‬heavy, weighty
qît ‫ ﻗـ;ـﺖ‬erect, in order; kho ~-kirdin v.t. qursh ‫ ﻗﻮرش‬footstool of a throne
qurwâq ‫ ﻗﻮرواق‬frog
to put oneself in order, straighten one- qut ‫ ﻗﻮت‬short, brief
qutâb ‫ب‬c‫ ﻗـــــــﻮ‬book; ~î ‫ﰉ‬c‫ ﻗـــــــﻮ‬student;
self up; ~ u zît ‫ ﻗــ;ــﺖوزﯾــﺖ‬stylish; ~ u
qoz ‫ ﻗ;ﺖوﻗﯚز‬tall and elegant ~khâna ‫ﲞﺎﻧﻪ‬c‫ ﻗﻮ‬school
qîzh Ã‫ ﻗــ‬cry, scream; ~ândin ‫اﻧــﺪن‬Ã‫ ﻗــ‬qî- qutân ‫ن‬c‫ ﻗـﻮ‬qute- ì‫ ﻗـﻮ‬v.t. to beat, strike,
zhen- ‫ﻦ‬¤Ã‫ ﻗ‬v.t. to scream
qol ‫ ﻗـــﯚل‬arm, sleeve; ~ hał-mâlân v.t. to hit

roll up one’s sleeves, get to work in qutîla ƒ‫ ﻗﻮﺗﻴ‬small box; small lamp
earnest qûchândin ‫ ﻗـﻮو¸ـﺎﻧـﺪن‬qûchen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫= ﻗـﻮو¸ـ‬

qonâgh ‫ = ﻗﯚ‡غ‬qonâkh qûjândin
qonâkh ‫ ﻗــــﯚ‡خ‬lodging, place to stay the
night; historical event qûjândin ‫ ﻗـﻮو•ـﺎﻧـﺪن‬qûjen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﻗـﻮو•ـ‬v.t. to
close together (eyes, fingers)

218

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

qûł ‫ ﻗــــﻮوڵ‬deep; ~âî ‫ﰃ‬Ÿ‫ ﻗــــﻮو‬depth: la ~ i rat-dânawa ‫ رﻩت داﻧﻪوﻩ‬v.t. to rouse
rawand ‫ رﻩوﻩﻧﺪ‬nomad
dilawa kâr’î kirdûa he labored from rawâ-dîtin ‫ رﻩوا دﯾﱳ‬v.t. to allow
rawg ‫ رﻩوگ‬herd: ~ a asp herd of horses
the bottom of his heart; ~î ‫ﯽ‬T‫ ﻗﻮو‬depth rawisht ‫ رﻩوﺷﺖ‬manner
qûłîna ‫ﻴﻨﻪ‬T‫ ﻗﻮو‬fruit basket rawîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ رﻩو‬v.i. to shy, run away
qûn ‫ ﻗـﻮون‬anus, butt; ~ i qalam ‫م‬v‫ﻗـﻮوﱏ ﻗـﻪ‬ razâ ‫ رﻩزا‬face, mien, aspect; ~girân dul-

stub of a pencil

Qûstantaniya ‫ـﺘـﻪﻧـﺘـﻪﻧـﻴـﻪ‬8‫ ﻗـﻮوﺳـ‬Constanti-
nople lard

rachałak ‫ــﻪک‬T‫ رﻩ¸ــﻪ‬root; ~-birînawa v.t. razâmandî ‫ رﻩزاﻣـﻪﻧـﺪی‬agreement, accept-

to uproot, eradicate ance

rachâw ‫ رﻩ¸ـــﺎو‬observation; ~-kirdin v.t. razbar ‫ رﻩزﺑـــــﻪر‬the month of Libra (Sep-

to observe tember 23–October 22)

rafîq ‫ رﻩﻓ;ﻖ‬friend, comrade razîl ‫ رﻩزﯾـــــﻞ‬stingy, tightfisted; ~î stingi-
rag ‫ رﻩگ‬vein, root
ragaz ‫ رﻩﮔـﻪز‬origin, race; ~âyatî ‫زﻩﮔـﻪزاﯾـﻪﰏ‬ ness
racism
râ ‫ را‬view, opinion
rahanda ‫ رﻩﻫﻪﻧﺪﻩ‬wanderer, nomad râ- ‫ را‬cmpd. vb. agent; see under the ver-
rakhsân ‫ رﻩﺧـﺴـﺎن‬rakhse- ‰‫ رﻩﺧـﺴـ‬v.i. to bal element: râ-bwârdin, râ-girtin, râ-
come into existence hâtin, râ-henân, râ-keshân, râ-wastân

rakhsândin ‫ رﻩﺧـﺴـﺎﻧـﺪن‬rakhsen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫رﻩﺧـﺴـ‬ râ-bûn ‫ راﺑـﻮون‬to be awakened, roused; la
khaw ~ to be roused from sleep
v.t. to bring about accidentally
râbirdû ‫ را–ــﺮدوو‬last, past: rozh i shamma
rama ‫ رﻩﻣــــﻪ‬herd; ~kî common, ordinary
i ~ last Saturday; la chand sada i ~’dâ
(people), of the common herd over the last several centuries

rang1 ‫ــــــﮓ‬s‫ رﻩ‬color; ~-dân da/la to hap- râburdû ‫ = راﺑﻮردوو‬râbirdû
râ-chanîn, la khaw ‫ـﻪو را¸ـﻪﻧـﲔ‬L v to wake
pen to; ~-dânawa to bleed (as color from sleep with a start

onto a fabric); ~dânawa i … bûn v.i. râchâw-kirdin ‫ــﺮدن‬B ‫ را¸ــﺎو‬v.t. to choose,
to be in accordance with; ~-hałbizir- select, elect
kân v.i. to lose color, go pale; ~hałbi-
râda ‫ رادﻩ‬degree, extent: tâ ~yèk to an
zirkâw ‫ـﱫرﰷو‬T‫ـﮓﻫـﻪ‬s‫ رﻩ‬pale, “white as a
sheet” (with fright); ~în ‫ﮕﲔ‬s‫ رﻩ‬colorful extent; tâ chi ~yèk to what extent?
rang2 ‫ـﮓ‬s‫ رﻩ‬possible; ~ a ka ‫ـﮕـﻪ ﮐـﻪ‬s‫( رﻩ‬+
râgayândin ‫ﻧﺪن‬p‫ﮔﻪ‬ä‫ ر‬communications
subj.) it’s possible that râhat ‫ راﻫﻪت‬comfortable
râhî ‫ راﻫﯽ‬solution; salvation
ranj ‫ رﻩﱋ‬pain, suffering; ~-dân to take râ-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬Bä‫ ر‬v.t. to run
râmyâr ‫ راﻣـــــــ;ـــــــﺎر‬shepherd, herdsman;
pains; to go to trouble; to suffer
statesman, politician
raq ‫ رﻩق‬stiff; ~ hał-hâtin v.i. to be
rân1 ‫ ران‬herd
frozen stiff; ~-kirdin v.t. to freeze; ~- rân2 ‫ ران‬leg, thigh
rândin ‫ راﻧـــــﺪن‬ren- ‫ـــــﻦ‬¤‫ ر‬v.t. to drive; to
u-hîshk i sar ‫ رﻩقوﻫ›ﺸﮑﯽ ﺳﻪر‬madness
raqan ‫ رﻩﻗﻪن‬hard, stoney ground throw (stones)
rasan ‫ رﻩﺳﻪن‬pure, pure-blooded
rash ‫ رﻩش‬black; ~abâ ¶‫ رﻩﺷــﻪ‬dust storm; râspârda ‫ﭙﺎردﻩ‬8‫ راﺳ‬errand, charge
râsperî ‫ﺮی‬Œ‫ﭙ‬8‫ راﺳ‬charge, commission
~mâl ‫ رﻩﺷـــﲈڵ‬black tent, nomadic tent; râst ‫ راﺳـﺖ‬right, correct, true; ~-bûnawa
~posh ‫ﭙﯚش‬8‫ رﻩﺷ‬clad in black
rashama ‫ رﻩﺷـــــﻪﻣـــــﻪ‬the month of Pisces to get up; ~-bûnawa la to loom over;

(February 20– March 20) ~aqîna ‫ـﺘـﻪﻗـ;ـﻨـﻪ‬8‫ راﺳـ‬truth: ~y bo darkawt

219

SORANI KURDISH

the truth dawned on him; ~awkho rebwâr ‫ـﺒﻮار‬l‫ ر‬wayfarer
‫ـــﺘـــﻪوﺧـــﯚ‬8‫ راﺳـــ‬straight, direct: ~ biro go rechâł ‫ﺎڵ‬Âl‫ر‬, rechâr ‫ﺎر‬Âl‫ ر‬marmalade
straight ahead; ba ~î ‫ـﱴ‬8‫ ﺑـﻪراﺳـ‬actually, rechka ‫ـﭽـﮑـﻪ‬l‫ ر‬path of a swarm of insects;
really, frankly; dast i ~ right hand; ~î ~-bastin v.t. to swarm (of insects); ~
hał-kirdin v.t. to send out a swarm
‫ﱴ‬8‫ راﺳ‬truth
râtib ‫ راﺗــــــــﺐ‬salary, stipend: ~ dadre ba rega ‫ـﮕـﻪ‬¤‫ ر‬road, way; la ~ i…awa via; ~-
darskhwen u kârkar i dawlat stipends girtin ba v.t. to stop, make halt: pâsa-

are given to students and government wân rega’yân pe girt the guards

workers stopped him; ~-kutân v.t. to travel;

râtu(a) ‫ راﺗﻮ‬theological student’s stipend regâ ‫ﮕﺎ‬¤‫ ر‬road; ~ i âsin railroad;
râva-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ راوﻩ‬v.t. to explain regir ‫ﮕﺮ‬¤‫ ر‬highway robber, bandit
râw ‫ راو‬prey, hunt; ~-kirdin v.t. to hunt; rek ‫ـــﮏ‬¤‫ ر‬smooth, organized, correct; ~-
~-nân v.t. to hunt down, track down: kawtin v.i. to go well, to be smoothly;

polîs râwî nây the police tracked you ~-kawtin lagał v.i. to arrange with; ~-
khistin v.t. to rub together; to organ-
down; ~ařewî-henân bo ‫ـﻨـﺎن‬²‫ـﻮی ﻫـ‬l‫راوﻩڕ‬ ize; to make up; to make a truce; ~-
‫ ﺑـﯚ‬v.t. to foxhunt; to sidetrack; ~ashaw kirdin v.t. to smooth, arrange; ~kew-
‫ راوﻩﺷــﻪو‬night hunt; ~chî ‫ راوﭼــﯽ‬hunter, tin arrangement, agreement; ~-u-pek
out hunting; ~kar ‫ راوﮐـــﻪر‬hunter; ~- u-
shikâr ‫ راووﺷﲀر‬hunting ‫ﮏ‬²‫ﮏوﭘ‬¤‫ ر‬arranged, in order
râwezh ‫ـﮋ‬¤‫ راو‬speaking (lagał with), man- rekawt ‫ـــﮑـــﻪوت‬¤‫ ر‬chance, accident: ba ~
ner of speaking by chance, by accident

rây ‫ رای‬idea, plan renwen ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ــﻨــﻮ‬l‫ ر‬leader; ~î-kirdin v.t. to
râyakh ‫ راﯾﻪخ‬rug
râz ‫ راز‬conversation; story lead
râz|ân ‫ رازان‬râze- ‫ رازێ‬v.i. to be embel-
reřaw ‫ﻩو‬g‫ـــــــــ‬¤‫ ر‬crossroads; chance: ba ~
lished; ~ândin ‫ رازاﻧــﺪن‬râzen- ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ راز‬v.t.
to embellish; ~ândinawa ‫ رازاﻧـــﺪﻧـــﻪوﻩ‬to tûshî bûm I met him by chance

adorn, embellish resh ‫ﺶ‬â‫ ر‬wound, wounded
reushwen ‫ﻦ‬¤‫ رێ و ﺷﻮ‬way
râzâwa ‫ رازاوﻩ‬embellished, decorated rewân ‫ﻮان‬l‫ ر‬guide
râzî ‫ رازی‬satisfied, content; lakho~ rewî ‫ﻮی‬l‫ ر‬fox
rez1 ‫ﺰ‬¤‫ = ر‬rîz
‫ﺧﯚڕازی‬v self-satisfied rez2 ‫ـــﺰ‬¤‫ ر‬respect; ~-girtin la v.t. to show
re ‫ رێ‬way, road; ~-dân v.t. to admit,
respect for; ~legîrâw ‫ـــﮕـــﲑاو‬²‫ـــﺰﻟـــ‬¤‫ ر‬re-
allow in; ~-girtin v.t. to commit high- spected; ba~ ‫ﺰ‬¤‫ ﺑﻪر‬respected, eminent
way robbery; ~-kawtin la to chance rez-3 ‫ﺰ‬¤‫ ر‬pres. stem of ristin
upon: ~m l’ aw jegâyá kawt I chanced reza ‫ــــﺰﻩ‬¤‫ ر‬bit, little bit; la ~ i ...dâ equal

upon that place; ~ te-chûn to be pos- to: kichim la reza i kuř i aw’dâya my

sible; ba ~ kirdin v.t. to escort out/ daughter is equal to his son
away; ba ~wa birdin v.t. to lead,
manage, administer; ba ~wa kawtin rezh- ‫ﮋ‬¤‫ ر‬pres. stem of rishtin
rezmân ‫ـﺰﻣـﺎن‬¤‫ ر‬grammar; ~î ‫ـﺰﻣـﺎﱏ‬¤‫ ر‬gram-
to get under way, hit the road; birdi- matical
nà ba ~wa to carry out, execute; la ~ i
rriidf e‫ف‬n‫ر‬spshî e‫ﯽ‬lŠf‫ﭙ‬8‫ﺴ‬Àl‫ رد‬elder
‫ﻰ‬Šl‫ ر‬v by way of, through, via rifḥa ‫ = رﲿﻪ‬rif
rebandân ‫ـﺒـﻪﻧـﺪان‬l‫ ر‬the month of Aquarius rikef ‫ﻒ‬²‫ رﮐ‬stirrup
rim ‫ رم‬spear
(January 21– February 19)

rebar ‫ـﺒﻪر‬l‫ ر‬leader, guide

220

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

rimândin ‫ رﻣــــﺎﻧــــﺪن‬rimen- ‫ــــﻦ‬Œ‫ رﻣــــ‬v.t. to rîz2 ‫ــﺰ‬a‫ ر‬line, rank: rîz i lashkir i duzhmin

destroy enemy army ranks; ~-kirdin v.t. to
line up, arrange
rinân ‫ر‡ن‬: dâ-~ v.t. to shed (skin,
ro ‫ = رۆ‬rozh
clothes) rochin ‫ رۆﭼــــــﻦ‬window, skylight: ~akán

rinîn ‫ ﻧرــــﲔ‬v.t. to scratch with the finger- bikaynawa let’s open the windows

nails; ~-awa ditto; qizh-~awa to pull roła ‫ﻪ‬T‫ رۆ‬child
the hair out român ‫ رۆﻣﺎن‬story
ron ‫ رۆن‬oil, grease, fat
riq ‫ رق‬spite, spitefulness; ~abar ‫رﻗـــﻪﺑـــﻪر‬ roshin ‫ رۆﺷـﻦ‬bright; ~bîr ‫ـﲑ‬Ò‫ـﻨـ‬8‫ رۆﺷـ‬intel-
spiteful rival; ~abarâyatî ‫رﻗـــﻪﺑـــﻪراﯾـــﻪﰏ‬
lectual, enlightened; ~-kirdin v.t. to
spiteful rivalry light, turn on, start (machines)

rishqanjâr ‫ رﺷﻘﻪﳒﺎر‬butt of a joke Rostam ‫ــﺘــﻪم‬8‫ رۆﺳــ‬Rustam, the legendary
rishtin ‫ رﺷـﱳ‬rezh- ‫ـﮋ‬¤‫ ر‬v.t. to pour; ~awa
champion of Iran
‫ـﻪوﻩ‬ž‫ـ‬n‫ رﺷـ‬to pour, cast (metal), to stir up
royshtin ‫ رۆ§ــﺸــﱳ‬ro- ‫ رۆ‬v.i. to go (away,
trouble; dâ-~ = dâ-rizhândin; hał-~
to shed (tears) off), leave

rist ‫ رﺳﺖ‬line, dog collar rozh ‫ رۆژ‬day; ~âna ‫ رۆژاﻧـﻪ‬daily; ~(h)alât
rista ‫ﺘﻪ‬8‫ رﺳ‬noodle; sentence ‫ت‬Ÿ‫ رۆژﻫــﻪ‬east, orient, dawn: rozhałât i
ristin ‫ رﺳﱳ‬rez- ‫ﺰ‬¤‫ ر‬v.t. to spin (thread)
riwân ‫ روان‬v.i. to be green (of a field) nâwrâst the Middle East; ~hałâtnâs
riwâłat ‫ﻪت‬T‫ روا‬mien
rizân ‫ رزان‬v.i. to rot; dâ-~ to be over- ‫ﺗــــﻨــــﺎس‬Ÿ‫ روژﻫــــﻪ‬orientalist; ~âwâ ‫رۆژاوا‬
west; ~èkyân ‫ـﮑـ;ـﺎن‬¤‫ رۆژ‬one day; ~nâ-
cooked; to rot and fall to pieces ma ‫ رۆژ‡ﻣــــــــــﻪ‬newspaper; ~nâmanûs
‫ رۆژ‡ﻣﻪﻧﻮوس‬journalist
rizândin ‫ رزاﻧــﺪن‬rizen- ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ رز‬v.t. to make/ rozhgâr ‫ رۆژﮔــــــــــــــﺎر‬days, time: la ~ân i

let rot kon’dâ in olden times; fate

rizgâr ‫ رزﮔـﺎر‬saved, rescued; ~-bûn v.i. to rozhû ‫ رۆژوو‬fasting; ~-girtin to fast
rukhân ‫ـــــــــﺎن‬L‫ رو‬rukhe- ‰‫ روﺧـــــــــ‬v.i. to
be saved, to escape: rizgâryân bû they
were saved, they escaped; ~-kirdin

v.t. to rescue, to save: tanyâ to dat- collapse
wânî l’ am balâyá rizgârmân bikay
only you can save us from this catas- rukhândin ‫ـﺎﻧـﺪن‬L‫ رو‬rukhen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـ‬L‫ رو‬v.t. to
trophe; ~î salvation, liberation, res-
destroy, pull down
cue; ~îkhwâz ‫ رزﮔـــﺎرﳜـــﻮاز‬liberationist;
~kar ‫ رزﮔﺎرﮐﻪر‬rescuer, savior rukhsat ‫ روﺧـﺴـﻪت‬permission; ~-dân v.t.
rizhân ‫ رژان‬v.i. to pour out, be poured
to give permission; ~-khwâstin la v.t.
out; dâ-~ to pour down, fall down to request permission of

rizhândin ‫ رژاﻧـﺪن‬rizhen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ رژ‬v.t. to pour rukhsâr ‫ روﺧﺴﺎر‬face
runâk ‫ = رو‡ک‬rûnâk
out; dâ-~ to pour, mold; lay (founda- ruwâłat ‫ـــﻪت‬T‫ روا‬obviousness; hypocrisy;
tion)
ba ~ obviously
rizhdî ‫ رژدی‬miserliness, stinginess
rizhtin ‫ﻦ‬Ž‫ = رژ‬rishtin rû ‫ روو‬face, aspect, mien; ~-dân v.t. to
rîkordar ‫ﮑﯚردﻩر‬a‫ ر‬tape recorder
rîqna ‫ﻪ‬ž‫ رﯾﻘ‬bird droppings happen, occur; ~-dân ba yek v.t. to
rîsh ‫ ر§ﺶ‬beard; ~-tâshîn v.t. to shave frown; ~-kirdin rwaw v.t. to face,
rîsha ‫ ر§ﺸﻪ‬root turn toward; ~-kirdinà … to face,
rîz1 ‫ﺰ‬a‫ ر‬small, tiny head for (s.o., s.th.); ~ ba ~ i face to
face with, opposite; ~ i dam kirdinà
… v.t. to turn to face …; ba ~ kho’dâ
henân to reveal; khistinà ~ v.t. to

221

SORANI KURDISH

bring to light, to reveal; l’ am ~áwa v sagasaga-kirdin ‫ــﺮدن‬B ‫ ﺳــﻪﮔــﻪﺳــﻪﮔــﻪ‬v.t. to
‫ مرووﻩوﻩ‬in this respect
rûbâr ‫ روو¶ر‬river play ’possum
rûdiřâw ‫ روودڕاو‬event
rûdâw ‫ رووداو‬event, incident saghlat ‫ت‬ƒ‫ ﺳــﻪ™ــ‬confused, perplexed; ~î
rûgirzh ‫ رووﮔﺮژ‬frowning ‫ﰏ‬ƒ™‫ ﺳﻪ‬confusion
rûkândin ‫ رووﰷﻧــﺪن‬rûken- ‫ــﻦ‬Œ‫ رووﮐــ‬v.t. to
saḥrâ ‫ ﺳﻪﺣﺮا‬field
scratch sakht ‫ ﺳﻪﺧﺖ‬hard, difficult
sako ‫ ﺳﻪﮐﯚ‬bench
rûkâr ‫ رووﰷر‬cover sakta ‫ ﺳـﻪﮐـﺘـﻪ‬heart attack; ~-kirdin v.t. to
rûkhosh ‫ رووﺧـــــﯚش‬cheerful; ~î cheerful-
have a heart attack
ness
sałâ Ÿ‫ ﺳــــﻪ‬resurrection; ro i ~ Ÿ‫رۆى ﺳــــﻪ‬
rûmat ‫ رووﻣﻪت‬cheek
rûn ‫ روون‬bright, clear; ~-kirdin v.t. to doomsday

explain salâmat ‫ ﺳــﻪﻻﻣــﻪت‬healthy; ~î health; ba

rûnâk ‫ روو‡ک‬bright; ~bîr ‫ــﺒــﲑ‬B‡‫ روو‬intel- ~î in good health
lectual; ~î ‫ روو‡ﰽ‬brightness
sałmândin ‫ـﲈﻧـﺪن‬T‫ ﺳـﻪ‬sałmen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﻤـ‬T‫ ﺳـﻪ‬v.t. to
rûpař ‫ رووﭘﻪڕ‬page
rûshân ‫ رووﺷــﺎن‬v.i. to be scratched; ~din prove, to accept

‫ رووﺷﺎﻧﺪن‬rûshen- ‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ رووﺷ‬v.t. to scratch sałmenrân ‫ـﲊان‬²‫ـﻤـ‬T‫ ﺳـﻪ‬sałmenre- ‫ـﲊێ‬²‫ـﻤـ‬T‫ﺳـﻪ‬
rût ‫ رووت‬naked; ~al ‫ رووﺗـــــــﻪل‬naked; ~alî
v.p. to be proven
‫ رووﺗﻪﱃ‬nakedness
rûtâł ‫ڵ‬c‫ روو‬frowning, with a sour sałp ‫ـﭗ‬T‫ ﺳـﻪ‬oar; ~ândin ‫ـﭙـﺎﻧـﺪن‬T‫ ﺳـﻪ‬salpen-
‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ﭙ‬T‫ ﺳﻪ‬v.t. to row
expression
sałt ‫ـــﺖ‬T‫ ﺳـــﻪ‬single, unmarried; ~azalâm
rûtan ‫ رووﺗﻪن‬wasteland, desert ‫ﺘﻪزﻩﻻم‬T‫ ﺳﻪ‬a solitary traveler on foot
rwaw ‫ روﻩو‬toward
rwân ‫ روان‬rwe- ‫ روێ‬v.i. to grow, sprout: samar ‫ ﺳﻪﻣﻪر‬fruit
samara ‫ ﺳــﻪﻣــﻪرﻩ‬amazing: shitèk i sayr u
tokaî chândim rwâ the seed I planted
~ya it’s something amazing; toil
sprouted; ~ga ‫ـﮕـﻪ‬s‫ روا‬standpoint, view-
samâ ‫ ﺳﻪﻣﺎ‬dance; ~-kirdin v.t. to dance
point samâs ‫ ﺳﻪﻣﺎس‬patient, calm
samâwar ‫ ﺳﻪﻣﺎوﻩر‬samovar
rwânîn ‫ رواﻧــــــﲔ‬v.t. to look; ~à ... to look sandin ‫ ﺳـﻪﻧـﺪن‬sen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺳـ‬v.t. to take, take

at: rwânîyânà min they looked at me; hold of, get, buy
hał-~ ba to look something over from
sangân ‫ــﮕــﺎن‬s‫ ﺳــﻪ‬sange- ‰‫ــﮕــ‬s‫ ﺳــﻪ‬v.i. to
weigh; ~din ‫ـﮕـﺎﻧـﺪن‬s‫ ﺳـﻪ‬sangen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﮕـ‬s‫ﺳـﻪ‬

v.t. to weigh, evalute; hał-~din to

top to bottom, to give s.o. the “once- evaluate, assess
over”
sangîn ‫ﮕﲔ‬s‫ ﺳﻪ‬heavy
sa ‫ = ﺳﻪ‬sag sannalî ‫ ﺳﻪﻧﻨﻪﱃ‬chair
sa‘ât ‫ ﺳـﻪ`ـﺎت‬hour, clock, o’clock: la ~ (i) sapân ‫ ﺳــﻪﭘــﺎن‬v.i. to be imposed, forced;

chwâr-dâ at four o’clock ~din ‫ ﺳـﻪﭘـﺎﻧـﺪن‬sapen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺳـﻪﭘـ‬v.t. to im-

sabârat ba ‫ ﺳـﻪ¶رﻩت ﺑـﻪ‬concerning, about, pose

in terms of saqat ‫ ﺳـﻪﻗـﻪت‬dangerous: pyâwèk i saqat

sabîl ‫ ﺳﻪﺑﻴﻞ‬tobacco pipe a— nâwerim bichimà lây he’s a dan-
sad ‫ ﺳﻪد‬hundred; ~a century gerous man—I don’t dare go near him
safar ‫ ﺳﻪﻓﻪر‬trip; ~-kirdin v.t. to travel
sag ‫ ﺳـــــﻪگ‬dog; ~ i pe-sûtâw wandering Saqiz ‫ ﻗـــــﻪﻗـــــﺰ‬Saqqez, a town in Iranian

aimlessly Kurdistan

saqâ ‫ ﺳﻪﻗﺎ‬watercarrier, waterseller
sar ‫ ﺳـﻪر‬head (verbal expressions involv-

222

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

ing sar are given below; for all other shâr it has come to my mind to go to

compounds, see alphabetically): ~ âw town
chûnawa v.i. to go to the bathroom; ~
bilind-kirdinawa v.t. to rebel; ~ dâ- sarabahâr ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩﺑﻪﻫﺎر‬beginning of spring
nwândin ba to bow the head to; la ~ sarak ‫ ﺳـــــــــــﻪرﻩک‬head, chief, president:
dân v.t. to decapitate; ~ dar-henân
v.t. to appear: gyâ sar’î darhenâwa sarak wazîrân prime minister; ~î
the plants have appeared; to stick the
head out: sar’î la panjara darhenâ ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩﰽ‬main, chief
she stuck her head out of the window; sar’anjâm ‫ ﺳﻪرﺋﻪﳒﺎم‬in the end, finally
~ kho hâtin v.i. to recover; ~ la far- sarařâ i ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩڕای‬in addition to
mân i … hał-pechân to disobey; ~ la sarařo ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩڕۆ‬headstrong
re dân v.t. to disappoint: sar’mân la saratâ c‫ ﺳﻪرﻩ‬beginning
re’t dâya you’ve disappointed us; ~- sarawa ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩوﻩ‬upward
birdin v.t. to spend (time); ~ cha- sarawgird ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩوﮔﺮد‬guardian (of a child)
mândin v.t. to lower the head, to give sarawkhwâr ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩوﺧﻮار‬headed down
up, submit; ~-dar-chûn la v.i. to sarawzher ‫ﺮ‬¤‫ ﺳﻪرﻩوژ‬headed down
understand: sarim le darnâche I don’t sarawzhûr ‫ ﺳﻪرﻩوژوور‬headed up
understand; ~-dâ-nawândin v.t. to sarâ ‫ ﺳﻪرا‬government building
lower the head; ~-dân la v.t. to visit, sarâpâ ‫ ﺳــــﻪراﭘــــﺎ‬from head to foot, com-
go to see; ~-gum-kirdin v.t. to get
excited; ~-hał-girtin v.t. to break the pletely
reins; ~-keshân v.t. to peek; ~ khis-
tinà ~ v.t. to tease: saryân khistà sar- sarâw ‫ ﺳﻪراو‬spring
mân they teased us; ~-khulânawa v.i. sarbadarawa ‫ ﺳـــﻪرﺑـــﻪدﻩرﻩوﻩ‬well-known,
to be dizzy; kirdinà ~… v.t. to im-
pose on, charge with: pâshâ dakâtà famous
sar âshawân kichaká’y bidâtè the
king forces the miller to give him his sarbakho ‫ ﺳـﻪرﺑـﻪﺧـﯚ‬independent; ~î inde-
daughter; ba ~ kirdinawa v.t. to visit;
~ le-shewân v.i. to be helpless, in dis- pendence
tress; ~-nânawa v.t. to lay one’s head
down (to sleep): dabûâya sarî be sarbaraw|zher(a) (‫ـﺮ)ه‬¤‫ ﺳـﻪرﺑـﻪرﻩوژ‬headed
shew binetawa he would have had to down; ~zhûr(a) ‫ ﺳــﻪرﺑــﻪرﻩوژوورﻩ‬headed
lay his head down without supper;
up

sarbarz ‫ ﺳــــﻪرﺑــــﻪرز‬honorable, respected,

with one’s head held high

sarbast ‫ ﺳــﻪرﺑــﻪﺳــﺖ‬free, independent; ~î

freedom, independence

sarbân ‫ ﺳﻪر¶ن‬roof
sarbâz ‫ ﺑﻪر¶ز‬soldier; ~î military
sarbilind ‫ ﺳﻪرﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬proud
sarbiř g‫ ﺳـــــﻪر–ـــــ‬shortcut: ~ royshtim, zû

gayshtim I took a shortcut and got

~pechî-kirdin v.t. to be obstinate; ~- here early
spârdin ba v.t. to rely totaly upon:
sar’im pe daspere she relies totally sarburd ‫ ﺳﻪرﺑﻮرد‬adventure
upon me; ~-tâshîn v.t. to have a hair- sarbûrî ‫ ﺳﻪرﺑﻮوری‬adventure
cut; ~udar dar-kirdin la v.t. to un- sarchâwa ‫ ﺳـــــﻪر¸ـــــﺎوﻩ‬source, spring; ~-
derstand: l’ am kârá sarudar darnâ-
kam I don’t understand this; ba ~ girtin la v.t. to originate with
hâtin v.i. to happen; birdinà ~ v.t. to
spend (time); hâtinà ~ v.i. to think, to sarchopî ‫ﯽ‬Š‫ ﺳــﻪرﭼــﯚﭘــ‬leadership of a ring
come to mind: hâtûtà sarim bichim bo
dance

sardam ‫ ﺳـﻪردﻩم‬moment; ~è(k) ‫ﺳـﻪردﻩﻣـ´ـﮏ‬
all at once; ~î ‫ ﺳﻪردﻩﻣﯽ‬temporary

sardast ‫ ﺳـﻪردﻩﺳـﺖ‬sleeve; ~akî ‫ـﺘـﻪﰽ‬8‫ﺳـﻪردﻩﺳ‬

223

SORANI KURDISH

standing (doing something normally sarpot ‫ ﺳﻪرﭘﯚت‬desultory, superficial
done seated or lying down): ~ tifang’î sarqâp ‫ ﺳﻪرﻗﺎپ‬lid
hâwîsht he fired the rifle standing sarqâfilachî ‰‫ﭼ‬ƒ‫ ﺳﻪرﻗﺎﻓ‬caravan leader
sarraq ‫ ﺳﻪررﻩق‬stubborn
sardân i ‫ ﺳﻪرداﱏ‬visit to sarrâ ‫ ﺳـﻪررا‬in addition; by the by; on the
sardâr ‫ ﺳﻪر¶ر‬leader, chief
saren ‫ﻦ‬¤‫ ﺳﻪر‬lifetime way
saresha ‫ـﺸـﻪ‬â‫ﺳـﻪر‬, sareshân ‫ـﺸـﺎن‬â‫ ﺳـﻪر‬head-
sarrishta ‫ﺘﻪ‬8‫ ﺳﻪررﺷ‬expertise
ache sarrût ‫ ﺳﻪررووت‬bareheaded, schoolchild
sarsarî ‫ ﺳﻪرﺳﻪری‬flighty, empty-headed
sargardânî ‫ ﺳﻪرﮔﻪرداﱏ‬perplexity sarsâm ‫ ﺳﻪرﺳﺎم‬perplexed, dumbfounded
sargarmkar ‫ ﺳﻪرﮔﻪرﻣﮑﻪر‬amusing sarshoř ‫ ﺳﻪرﺷﯚڕ‬humiliated
sargirân ‫ ﺳﻪرﮔﺮان‬lazy, drunk sarsuřmân ‫ ﺳـــﻪرﺳـــﻮڕﻣـــﺎن‬amazement: ba
sargurushta ‫ﺘﻪ‬8‫ ﺳﻪرﮔﻮروﺷ‬adventure
sarhât ‫ ﺳﻪرﻫﺎت‬event sarsuřmânawa gutim I said with
sarinj ‫ ﺳــــــﻪرﱋ‬scrutiny, investigation; ~- amazement

dân la to scrutinize, investigate close- sartâsh ‫ش‬c‫ ﺳـــــــﻪر‬barber; ~khâna ‫ﺳـــــــﻪ‬
ly; ~ râ-keshan v.t. to attract the at- ‫ﺎﻧﻪ‬Ø‫ﺷ‬c‫ ر‬barbershop

tention; ~râkesh ‫ﺶ‬Œ‫ﮐ‬ä‫ ﺳﻪرﳒﺮ‬attractive sartop ‫ ﺳـــﻪ ﺗرـــﯚپ‬unrivaled (in beauty or
sarîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ ﺳﻪر‬pillow
sarjam ‫ ﺳـﻪر•ـﻪم‬collection, ensemble, al- bravery): l’ am nâwá’dâ ~a he is
unrivaled in these parts
together; ba ~ together with; ~gal ‫ﺳــﻪ‬
‫ ر¸ﻪﻣﮕﻪل‬community sarugwelâk ‫ﻼک‬l‫ ﺳﻪروﮔﻮ‬form, shape
sarkawtû ‫ ﺳــﻪرﮐــﻪوﺗــﻮو‬successful, having sarwar ‫ ﺳﻪروﻩر‬leader; ~î leadership
saryek ‫ ﺳﻪرﯾﻪک‬altogether
attained one’s desire, having made an sarzawî ‫ ﺳﻪرزﻩوی‬earth, land
sarzârakî ‫ ﺳﻪرزارﻩﰽ‬all talk and no action
achievement; ~âna ‫ ﺳـﻪرﮐـﻪوﺗـﻮواﻧـﻪ‬trium- sarzârî ‫ ﺳﻪرزاری‬talk, speech
sarzhimârî ‫ ﺳﻪرژﻣﺎری‬census
phantly sawa ‫ ﺳﻪوﻩ‬basket
sawdâ ‫ ﺳـــﻪودا‬commerce, trade; love; ec-
sarkhosh ‫ ﺳﻪرﺧﯚش‬drunk
sarkird|a ‫ـﺮدﻩ‬B‫ ﺳـﻪر‬commander, leader; ~aî zema; ~î ‫ ﺳــــــﻪوداﰃ‬afflicted with ecze-

‫ـﺮدﻩﰃ‬B‫ ﺳـﻪر‬leadership, command; ~âyatî ma; violently in love
‫ﺮداﯾﻪﰏ‬B‫ ﺳﻪر‬leadership
sarkomâr ‫ ﺳﻪرﮐﯚﻣﺎر‬president sawr ‫ ﺳـــــــــــﻪور‬slowly: ~ qsa bika speak
sarkona ‫ ﺳﻪرﮐﯚﻧﻪ‬reproach, rebuke
sarkwer ‫ﺮ‬¤‫ﻮ‬B‫ ﺳﻪر‬stupid slowly
sarleshewâw ‫ﻮاو‬²8‫ﺸ‬Œ‫ ﺳﻪرﻟ‬distressed
sarmashq ‫ ﺳـﻪرﻣـﻪﺷـﻖ‬lesson; hâtinà ~ to sawz ‫ ﺳﻪۆز‬green
say ‫ = ﺳﻪی‬sag
serve as an example sayâra ‫رﻩ‬p‫ ﺳﻪ‬automobile
saydawân ‫ ﺳﻪﯾﺪﻩوان‬hunter
sarmâ ‫ ﺳـﻪرﻣـﺎ‬cold, coldness; ~-khwârdin sayid ‫ ﺳـﻪﯾـﺪ‬sayyid, title borne by descen-

v.t. to catch cold dants of the Prophet Muhammad

sarmâwaz ‫ ﺳــﻪرﻣــﺎوﻩز‬the month of Sagit- sayr ‫ـﺮ‬a‫ ﺳـﻪ‬strange, odd: ~a that’s odd; ~-

tarius (November 22–December 21) kirdin v.t. to look: sayr i amá ka look
at this!
sarnâs ‫ ﺳﻪر‡س‬famous, well-known
sarok ‫ ﺳــﻪرۆک‬leader; ~âyatî ‫ﺳــﻪرۆﰷﯾــﻪﰏ‬ sayrân ‫ـﺮان‬a‫ ﺳـﻪ‬outing, trip; ~gar ‫ـﮕـﻪر‬s‫ـﺮا‬a‫ﺳـﻪ‬

leadership excursioner, tourist

sarparisht ‫ ﺳﻪرﭘﻪرﺷﺖ‬chief, head sâ1 ‫ ﺳﺎ‬then, so
sarpech ‫ﭻ‬²‫ ﺳﻪرﭘ‬obstinate, refractory sâ2 ‫ ﺳــــﺎ‬shadow; na bikay na bikhoy, har
sarpiř gº‫ ﺳﻪر‬brimful

224

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

tamâshâ i sâ i gardinî bikay you waffle; be seudû lekirdin ‫ و دوو‬‰‫ ﺳــ‬/
wouldn’t be able to do anything or eat ‫ﮑﺮدن‬²‫ ﻟ‬without hesitation
anything, you’d just look at the shad- sebar ‫ﻪر‬mŒ‫ ﺳ‬shadow
ow of her neck (an expression for be- sedâra ‫ﺪارﻩ‬²8‫ ﺳ‬gallows
ing mesmerized by beauty) sełâw ‫و‬˲8‫ ﺳ‬flood, deluge
sew ‫ﻮ‬²8‫ ﺳ‬apple
sâbûn ‫ ﺳﺎﺑﻮون‬soap shabaq ‫ ﺷـــﻪﺑـــﻪق‬dawn; ~-dân v.t. imprs.
sâda ‫ ﺳﺎدﻩ‬simple
sâgh ‫ ﺳــﺎغ‬whole, hail, healthy; ~î ‫ﺳــﺎﻏــﯽ‬ for dawn to break: wirda wirda sha-
baqî dadâ little by little dawn was
health; ~-bûnawa to reach a conclu-

sion, come to an end breaking

sâkâr ‫ ﺳ˜ﰷر‬straightforward shakat ‫ ﺷﻪﮐﻪت‬tired; ~î exhaustion
sâkhta ‫ﻪ‬µ‫ ﺳﺎﺧ‬fabricated, false shakând- ‫ = ﺷﻪﰷﻧﺪ‬shikând-
sâkhtimân ‫ن‬0‫ ﺳﺎﺧ‬building shakhs ‫ ﺷﻪﺧﺲ‬person, personage
sâł ‫ ﺳﺎڵ‬year; ~gâr a long period of time shałâł ‫ڵ‬Ÿ‫ ﺷـــــــــــــــــﻪ‬steeped; la khwen ~
sâm ‫ ﺳـــــــــــــﺎم‬fear: sâm’î le nîsht he was
steeped in blood
gripped by fear; ~nâk ‫ـﺎک‬ž‫ ﺳـﺎﻣـ‬frightful;
ba~ ‫ ﺑــﻪﺳــﺎم‬fearful, terrible; piř~ ‫ﺳــﺎم‬g‫ــ‬º shamcha ‫ﻪ‬Â‫ ﺷﻪﻣ‬match
shamma ‫ ﺷﻪﳑﻪ‬Saturday
fearful, frightful shamshama ‫ ﺷـﻪﻣـﺸـﻪﻣـﻪ‬bat; ~kwera ‫ﺷـﻪﻣـﺸـﻪ‬

sâmâł ‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎڵ‬clear (sky, weather) ‫ﺮﻩ‬¤‫ﻮ‬B‫ ﻣﻪ‬bat
sândin ‫ ﺳﺎﻧﺪن‬sen- ‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ = ﺳ‬sitândin shan ‫ ﺷﻪن‬winnowing
sâqata ‫ ﺳﺎﻗﻪﺗﻪ‬tree trunk shap ‫ ﺷﻪپ‬slap
sârd ‫ ﺳـﺎرد‬cold; ~î coldness; ~î u garmî i shapoł ‫ ﺷﻪﭘﯚڵ‬wave
shaq ‫ ﺷــــــــﻪق‬slap, kick; ~ hał-dân ba to
zhyân dîtin to have much experience

in life kick; ba ~ pe-kirdin to kick around:
ba shaq tarâten i hawshaká’yân pe
sârghî ‫ ﺳﺎرﻏﯽ‬bandage kirdim they kicked me all around the
sâřezh ‫ـــﮋ‬¤‫ ﺳـــﺎڕ‬healed; ~-bûn v.i. to heal courtyard; ~-birdin v.t. to crack, split;
to go to pieces, to fly into a rage
(wound)
shaqa ‫ ﺷـــــﻪﻗـــــﻪ‬flutter, sound of a bird’s
Sâsânî ‫ ﺳﺎﺳﺎﱏ‬Sassanian
sât ‫ ﺳــــــــﺎت‬time, moment; la dwâ ~ i aw wing in flight; dân la ~ i bâl v.t. to
flap the wings
rozhá in the aftermath of that day
shaqâm ‫ ﺷﻪﻗﺎم‬street
sâwân ‫ ﺳـــﺎوان‬sâw- ‫ ﺳـــﺎو‬v.t. to rub, wear shaqâw ‫ ﺷﻪﻗﺎو‬big step
shaqqa ‫ = ﺷﻪﻗﻘﻪ‬shaqa
down shař ‫ ﺷــــﻪڕ‬fight; ~-kirdin v.t. to fight; ~-

sâwîlka ‫ ﺳﺎوﯾﻠﮑﻪ‬poor, beggarly nânawa v.t. to stir up war; ~ajwen-
sâya ‫ ﺳـﺎﯾـﻪ‬shadow; la ~ i ‫ ﺳـﺎﯾـﻪى‬v because
kirdin dagal ‫ـﺮدن دﻩﮔـﻪڵ‬B ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ ﺷـﻪڕﻩﺟـﻮ‬v.t.
of, on account of to exchange curses with; ~agařak ‫ﺷـــﻪ‬
‫ ڕﻩﮔــــــــﻪڕﻩک‬war between city quarters,
sâz ‫ ﺳـــــــــــــﺎز‬musical instrument; happy; civil war; ~ânî ‫ ﺷﻪڕاﱏ‬hostile
wealthy; ready; baggage; ~inda ‫ﺳـﺎ ﻧزـﺪﻩ‬ sharm ‫ ﺷـــــــــــﻪرم‬shame, embarrassment:

musician; ~-kirdin v.t. to construct; sharm girtimî I was embarrassed;
~-krân la v.p. to be constructed of
~azâr ‫ ﺷﻪرﻣﻪزار‬embarrassed
sbayn|î ‫ـﺒـﻪﯾـﲎ‬8‫ ﺳ‬tomorrow; bo ~e >‫ـﺒـﻪﯾـ‬8‫ﺑـﯚ ﺳ‬ sharwâł ‫ ﺷﻪرواڵ‬pants, trousers
shash ‫ ﺷﻪش‬six; ~am ‫ ﺷﻪﺷﻪم‬sixth
the next morning, tomorrow morning

sbene >Œ‫ﺒ‬8‫ = ﺳ‬sbaynî
se ‰‫ ﺳـ‬three; ~ham ‫ـﻬـﻪم‬²‫ـ‬8‫ ﺳـ‬third; ~sham-

ma ‫ـﺸـﻪﳑـﻪ‬Œ‫ ﺳـ‬Tuesday; ~-u-dû-(le) kir-
din v.t. ‫ــﺮدن‬6 (‰‫ و دوو )ﻟــ‬‰‫ ﺳــ‬to hesitate,

225

SORANI KURDISH

shatak-dân ‫ ﺷﻪﺗﻪک دان‬to tie up tight ~zwân ‫ﻮﻩزوان‬²8‫ ﺷ‬dialect
shaw ‫ ﺷــﻪو‬night; am~ ‫ ﺋــﻪﻣــﺸــﻪو‬tonight; shewała ‫ﻪ‬T‫ﻮﻩ‬²8‫ ﺷ‬very small valley
shewân ‫ـﻮان‬²‫ـ‬8‫ ﺷـ‬shewe- ‫ـﻮێ‬²‫ـ‬8‫ ﺷـ‬v.i. to be in
~chara ‫ ﺷـﻪو¸ـﻪرﻩ‬banquet; ~è ‫ ﺷـﻪوێ‬by
night; ~gâr ‫ ﺷﻪوﮔﺎر‬all night long distress; ~din ‫ـﻮاﻧـﺪن‬²‫ـ‬8‫ ﺷـ‬shewen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ـﻮ‬²‫ـ‬8‫ﺷـ‬
shaytân ‫ ﺷﻪﯾﺘﺎن‬Satan, the devil
shâ ‫ ﺷـﺎ‬king; ~nishîn ‫ـﺸـﲔ‬ë‫ ﺷـﺎ‬capital; ~rag v.t. to cause distress
‫ ﺷﺎرﻩگ‬artery
shâbâł ‫ ﺷﺎ¶ڵ‬wing feather shewâz ‫ﻮاز‬²8‫ = ﺷ‬shîwâz
shâd ‫ ﺷـﺎد‬happy; ~î joy, rejoicing; ~-bûn shikaft ‫ ﺷﮑﻪﻓﺖ‬cave
shikân ‫ ﺷﲀن‬shke- ‰‫ ﺷﮑ‬v.i. to break
shikândin ‫ ﺷــﲀﻧــﺪن‬shken- ‫ــﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺷــﮑــ‬v.t. to
v.i. to rejoice at seeing someone from break, to vanquish, to dishonor
whom one has been separated
shikâr ‫ ﺷﲀر‬hunting
shâdimânî ‫ ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﱏ‬gaity, joy shikeř gŒ‫ ﺷﮑ‬mountain crag
shâgashka ‫ ﺷـ˜ﮔـﻪﺷـﮑـﻪ‬overjoyed, about to shikhâta ‫ﺎﺗﻪ‬Ø‫ ﺷ‬matches
shikift ‫ = ﺷﮑﻔﺖ‬shikaft
faint from joy shikist ‫ ﺷـــﮑـــﺴـــﺖ‬defeat; ~-henân v.t. to

shâhîd ‫ ﺷﺎﻫﻴﺪ‬witness defeat; ~-khwârdin v.t. to be defeated
shâkh ‫ ﺷﺎخ‬mountain; horn
shâłîna ‫ﻴﻨﻪ‬T‫ ﺷﺎ‬a square of woolen cloth shil ‫ ﺷــــــــﻞ‬loose, weak, flabby; wet, wa-
shâłłâ Ë‫ــ‬T‫ ﺷــﺎ‬I wish (+ past cond.) shâłłâ
tery; ~-kirdin v.t. to loosen, untie (a

bíhâtîtâya I wish you had come knot); ~~-kutân v.t. to beat to a pulp:
shilshil kutâyânim they beat me to a
shân ‫ ﺷـــــــﺎن‬shoulder; ~-dânà bar v.t. to
undertake pulp

shân-dân ‫ ﺷﺎن دان‬v.t. to show shiłazhân ‫ـﻪژان‬k‫ ﺷـ‬shiłazhe- ‫ـﻪژێ‬k‫ ﺷـ‬v.i. to
shâno ‫ ﺷﺎﻧﯚ‬stage
shânâzî ‫ ﺷــﺎ‡زی‬pride; ~-kirdin ba v.t. to get confused

take pride in shiłâp ‫پ‬Ë‫ ﺷ‬splash
shiller ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺷﻠﻠ‬a type of tulip
shâr ‫ ﺷـــﺎر‬city; ~azâ ‫ ﺷـــﺎرﻩزا‬urbane, citi- shiłpa ‫ـــﭙـــﻪ‬k‫ ﺷـــ‬splat, splash; (meta.) very
fied; ~azâ la knowledgeable, expert greasy pilaf

in; ~ângař ‫ـــﮕـــﻪڕ‬s‫ ﺷـــﺎرا‬world traveler; shimak ‫ ﴰﻪک‬belongings
~badar ‫ ﺷـــﺎرﺑـــﻪدﻩر‬exiled, driven from shimqâr ‫ ﴰﻘﺎر‬hawk
town; ~istâniyatî ‫ـﺘـﺎﻧـﻴـﻪﰏ‬8‫ ﺷـﺎرﺳـ‬civiliza- shimsher ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ ﴰﺸ‬sword
tion; ~î ‫ ﺷـﺎری‬urban; ~ochka ‫ﺷـﺎرۆﭼـﮑـﻪ‬ shinashin ‫ﻨﻪﺷﻦ‬8‫ ﺷ‬huffing and puffing
town; ~oka ‫ ﺷﺎرۆﮐﻪ‬town shingił-dân ‫ دان‬Ç‫ـﻨـﮕـ‬8‫ ﺷـ‬v.t. to bestir one-
shârdin ‫ ﺷـــﺎردن‬shâr- ‫ﺷـــﺎر‬: ~-awa v.t. to
self
hide, conceal
shinîn ‫ـﻨـﲔ‬8‫ ﺷـ‬v.i. to blow (wind); ~awa to
shâro ‫ ﺷﺎرۆ‬a sheaf of reaped wheat
shât u shût ‫ ﺷﺎت و ﺷﻮوت‬bragging blow (in the wind)
shâyî ‫ = ﺷــﺎﱙ‬shâdî; ~ u zamâwand kir-
shipirza ‫ﺮزﻩ‬Î‫ ﺷ‬scattered, distracted
shiř-u-wiř-bûn ‫ و وڕ ﺑــــــــﻮون‬g‫ ﺷــــــــ‬to be
din lagał to get married to ripped: kirâsakám shiřuwiřbûwa my
shirt is ripped and torn
shena ‫ﻪ‬žŒ‫ ﺷ‬breeze; ~î patience, stealth
sher ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺷ‬lion; ~panja ‫ﺮﭘﻪﳒﻪ‬Œ‫ ﺷ‬cancer shirîkhândin ‫ ﴍﳜـﺎﻧـﺪن‬shirîkhen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ﴍﳜـ‬
shet ‫ــﺖ‬Œ‫ ﺷــ‬crazy; ~-bûn v.i. to go crazy;
v.t. to roar
~khâna ‫ﺎﻧﻪ‬صŒ‫ ﺷ‬insane asylum
shew1 ‫ﻮ‬²8‫ ﺷ‬dinner, evening meal shit ‫ ﺷﺖ‬thing
shew2 ‫ﻮ‬²8‫ = ﺷ‬shîw shitin ‫ ﺷــﱳ‬sho- ‫( ﺷــﯚ‬v.t.; 3rd sing. pres.
shewa ‫ـــــﻮﻩ‬²‫ـــــ‬8‫ ﺷـــــ‬style, manner; dialect;
shwâ) to wash; ~awa to wash again

shîla ƒ‫ﻴ‬8‫ ﺷ‬juice

226

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

shîn1 ‫ ﺷــــﲔ‬dark blue, dark green; ~-bûn shûra ‫ ﺷﻮورﻩ‬city wall
shûraî ‫ ﺷﻮورﻩﰃ‬shame, disgrace
to become green (plants); ~-bûnawa shûsha ‫ ﺷﻮوﺷﻪ‬glass; ~band windshield
la v.i. (1) to importune, pester: to bo shwâ(t) (‫( ﺷـــﻮا)ت‬third sing. pres. of shi-
la min shîn bûyawa u das bar nâday?
why are you pestering me so inces- tin)
santly?; (2) to turn blue from laughter:
la pekanîn shîn bûmawa I died laugh- shwân ‫ ﺷﻮان‬shepherd
shwen ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ ﺷــﻮ‬place; ~ a gishtîakân pub-
ing lic places; ~ … kawtin v.i. to follow,
pursue, chase: shwen kilâw i bâbirdû
shîn2 ‫ ﺷﲔ‬wail, lament kawtûa he’s on a wild goose chase;
shînatî ‫ﻪﰏ‬ž›‫ = ﺷ‬shînaward ba ~ regâ i …dâ gařân to look for a
shînaward ‫ـﻪوﻩرد‬ž‫ﺷـ›ـ‬/shînawird ‫ـﻪورد‬ž‫ﺷـ›ـ‬
way to …; ~awâr ‫ـــﻨـــﻪوار‬l‫ ﺷـــﻮ‬remain,
summer garden monument, ruin; ~awârî ‫ـــﻨـــﻪواری‬l‫ﺷـــﻮ‬

shîr ‫ ﺷﲑ‬milk; sword monumental
shîrîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ ﺷﲑ‬sweet, nice
Shîrîn ‫ــﻦ‬a‫ ﺷــﲑ‬Shirin, Armenian princess sifat ‫ ﺳـﻔـﻪت‬fidelity; ba~ ‫ ﺑـﻪﺳـﻔـﻪت‬faithful;
be~ ‫ﺳــﻔــﻪت‬/ unfaithful; be~î ‫ﺳــﻔــﻪﰏ‬/
and wife of the Sassanian Chosroës
Parvez infidelity

shîsh ‫ ﺷـ›ـﺶ‬skewer, stake; ~a ‫ ﺷـ›ـﺸـﻪ‬bot- sija ‫ ﲭﻪ‬red
sik ‫ ﺳــــــﮏ‬belly, womb; ~-dâ-nân v.t. to
tle; skewer
give birth; ~-kirdin v.t. to get preg-
shîw ‫ﻴﻮ‬8‫ ﺷ‬narrow valley nant
shîwâz ‫ﻴﻮاز‬8‫ ﺷ‬appearance, form
sho ‫ ﺷـﯚ‬limit, boundary; be~ ‫ـﺸـﯚ‬Œ‫ ﺑـ‬without sika ‫ ﺳﮑﻪ‬coin
sikâłâ Ÿ‫ ﺳﲀ‬complaint
limit sikirter ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺳﮑ ﺗﺮ‬secretary
sim ‫ ﰟ‬hoof; ~kol-kirdin ‫ـﺮدن‬B ‫ ﲰـﮑـﯚل‬v.t.
sho- ‫ ﺷﯚ‬pres. stem of shitin
shokh ‫ ﺷــﯚخ‬graceful, beautiful; jokester; to stomp the hooves on the ground

~ u shang ‫ـﮓ‬s‫ ﺷـﯚخ و ﺷـﻪ‬beautiful, en- simt ‫ ﲰﺖ‬side
sindûq ‫ﻨﺪووق‬8‫ ﺳ‬box
chanting sing ‫ﻨﮓ‬8‫ ﺳ‬stake, peg
sinif ‫ﻨﻒ‬8‫ ﺳ‬class
shon ‫ ﺷــﯚن‬trace; ~gîrî-kirdin v.t. to pur- sinoq ‫ﻨﯚق‬8‫ﺳ‬, sinûq ‫ﻨﻮوق‬8‫ ﺳ‬chest, trunk
sinûr ‫ﻨﻮور‬8‫ ﺳ‬boundary, border
sue, look for sip ‫ ﺳـﭗ‬perfect; ‫ ~ ﺳـﭗ و ﺳـﺎغ‬u sâgh hail

shoř-kirdin(awa) ‫ــﺮدﻧــﻪوﻩ‬B ‫ ﺷــﯚڕ‬v.t. to let and hearty

down, lower; mil ~-kirdin to bend the sipâ ‫ﭙﺎ‬8‫ ﺳ‬army
neck, submit; sar ~-kirdin to bow the sipła ‫ﻪ‬k‫ﭙ‬8‫ ﺳ‬unfaithful; ~î infidelity
head siraw|ân ‫ ﴎﻩوان‬sirawe- ‫ ﴎﻩوێ‬v.i. to

shorbâ ¶‫ ﺷﯚر‬soup, broth become calm, be at rest
shorish ‫ ﺷﯚرش‬uprising, rebelion
shu ‫ ﺷﻮ‬plow; ~-kirdin v.t. to plow sirawândin ‫ ﺳــﻬــﺮﻩواﻧــﺪن‬sirawen- ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ﴎﻩو‬
shubât ‫ ﺷﻮ¶ت‬February
shukir ‫ﺮ‬B‫ ﺷﻮ‬gratitude v.t. to make calm; to strike; kho-~ la
shurdin ‫ ﺷﻮردن‬shur- ‫ ﺷﻮر‬v.t. to wash
shû ‫ ﺷـﻮو‬husband; ~-kirdin v.t. to marry: to hit against, collide with
khwayshkim shûy-kird my sister got
married; ba ~ dân v.t. to marry (a sirinj ‫ = ﴎﱋ‬sarinj
girl) off: dagâtà taman i bashûdân siřînawa ‫ﯾﻨﻪوﻩ‬g‫ ﺳ‬v.t. to wipe clean
she is reaching a marriageable age sirkândin ‫ ﴎﰷﻧــﺪن‬sirken- ‫ــﻦ‬Œ‫ ﴎﮐــ‬v.t. to

shûm ‫ ﺷﻮوم‬ill-omened, gloomy mutter

227

SORANI KURDISH

sirta ‫ ﺗﴎﻪ‬whisper ten, to bleach
sirtândin ‫ﻧـــﺪن‬c‫ ﴎ‬sirten- ‫ـــﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗﴎـــ‬v.t. to
suâlkar ‫ﮑﻪر‬¢‫ ﺳﻮا‬beggar
whisper suja ‫ = ﺳﻮ•ﻪ‬sija
suk ‫ = ﺳﻮک‬sok
sirusht ‫ ﴎوﺷﺖ‬nature sułtân ‫ﺘﺎن‬T‫ ﺳﻮ‬sultan, ruler
sirûd ‫ ﴎوود‬anthem supâ ‫ ﺳﻮﭘﺎ‬army
sirwa ‫ ﴎوﻩ‬breeze supâs ‫ = ﺳﻮﭘﺎس‬spâs
sitam ‫ـﺘـﻪم‬8‫ ﺳـ‬bad, grievous: châkbûnaway surâkh ‫ = ﺳﻮراخ‬sorâgh
surisht ‫ = ﺳﻮرﺷﺖ‬sirusht
zor ~a prospects for his recovery are sûch ‫ ﺳﻮوچ‬corner
very slim sûd ‫ ﺳﻮود‬profit, benefit
Sûdâba ‫ ﺳــــﻮوداﺑــــﻪ‬Sudaba, wife of Kay-
sitândin ‫ـﺘـﺎﻧـﺪن‬8‫ ﺳـ‬siten- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﺘـ‬8‫ ﺳـ‬v.t. to get,
Kaus and step-mother of Siyawush
take, buy; hał-~ to flush (animals) out
of their holes, lairs, &c. sûk ‫ ﺳــــﻮوک‬light in weight; deprecation,

siyâs|at ‫ـــﻴـــﺎﺳـــﻪت‬8‫ ﺳـــ‬politics; ~atmadâr contempt: khałk ba sûkawa ley da-
‫ﻴﺎﺳﻪﲤﻪدار‬8‫ ﺳ‬politician; ~î ‫ﻴﺎﳻ‬8‫ ﺳ‬political
řwânîn the people were looking at
Siyâwish ‫ــﻴــﺎوش‬8‫ ﺳــ‬Siyawush, son of the him with contempt; ~-kirdin v.t. to
Iranian shah Kay-Kaus lighten (a weight), thin out; to depre-

sîkatora ‫ﻴﮑﻪﺗﯚرﻩ‬8‫ ﺳ‬gizzard
sîlâ ‫ـﻴـﻼ‬8‫ ﺳـ‬hole; ~mîsh ‫ـﻴـﻼﻣـ›ـﺶ‬8‫ ﺳـ‬mouse-
hole cate

sîng ‫ﮓ‬ž›‫ ﺳ‬breast sûr (1) ‫ ﺳـــــــﻮور‬red; ~-kirdin-awa v.t. to
sînî ‫ ﺳ›ﲎ‬tray
sîs ‫ ﺳ›ﺲ‬withered; ~-bûn to wither fry, saute; gul a ~ rose; châw ~-
słâw ‫و‬Ë‫ ﺳـــــ‬greetings; ~-kirdin la v.t. to kirdinawa la v.t. to glare at: kârakar
châw’î le sûr kirdimawa the servant

greet; ~-sandinawa v.t. to acknowl- glared at me; (2) insistent, deter-

edge a greeting: slâw’yân nasandîna- mined; ~ lasar determined to; ~âî
wa they did not acknowledge our
greeting ‫ ﺳﻮوراﰃ‬redness
sûř ‫ ﺳــــــــــﻮوڕ‬spin; ~-mân to spin: sarî ~
so ‫ ﺳﯚ‬doubt; be~ ‫ﺴﯚ‬Œ‫ ﺑ‬doubtless(ly)
sok ‫ ﺳـــــﯚک‬light, lightweight: ~ u hâsân damene his head is spinning

‫ ﺳـﯚکوﻫـﺎﺳـﺎن‬easy: zhyân boy sok u hâ- sûřân ‫ ﺳــــﻮوڕان‬sûře- ‫ ﺳــــﻮوڕێ‬v.i. to turn

around, to circle around; ~-awa to

sân bû life was easy for him walk about, stroll; hał-~ to spin, be
songa ‫ﮕﻪ‬s‫ ﺳﯚ‬reason; la ~ i because of
moved; to evolve
sorâgh ‫ ﺳــﯚراغ‬trace; ~-kirdin v.t. to look sûřândin ‫ ﺳـﻮوڕاﻧـﺪن‬sûřen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ ﺳـﻮوڕ‬v.t. to
for, search out; hâtinà ~ v.i. to come turn, spin; hał-~ to turn, spin, accom-

after, to come looking for: hâtà sorâ- plish (a task)
ghim dâwâ i qarzaká’y kird he came
looking for me to ask for his loan sûtân ‫ن‬c‫ ﺳﻮو‬sûte- ì‫ ﺳﻮو‬v.i. to burn
sûtândin ‫ﻧـﺪن‬c‫ ﺳـﻮو‬sûten- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺳـﻮوﺗـ‬v.t. to
back; ~ i … pirsîn la to ask (s.o.) the burn

whereabouts of …; be~ ‫ــﺴــﯚراغ‬Œ‫ ﺑــ‬lost, sûzyân ‫ن‬p‫ ﺳﻮوز‬sûz- ‫ ﺳﻮوز‬v.i./t. to burn
swâłat ‫ﻪت‬T‫ ﺳﻮا‬pottery
disappeared without a trace swân ‫ ﺳﻮان‬swe- ‫ ﺳﻮێ‬v.t. to rub
swâr ‫ ﺳــــــــﻮار‬horseman, mounted; ~ i …
sorâkh ‫ = ﺳﯚراخ‬sorâgh
spâ ‫ﭙﺎ‬8‫ = ﺳ‬sipâ bûn to get in, ride in/on (vehicle); ~ i
spârdin ‫ﭙﺎردن‬8‫ ﺳ‬sper- ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ﭙ‬8‫ ﺳ‬v.t. to entrust … kirdin v.t. to mount on, let into (a
spâs ‫ﭙﺎس‬8‫ ﺳ‬thanks; ~-kirdin v.t. to thank vehicle): swâr i karèkyân kird they
spî ‫ﯽ‬Š‫ـﭙـ‬8‫ ﺳـ‬white; ~-kirdinawa v.t. to whi-

228

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

put him on a donkey talafon ‫ﻓﯚن‬v‫ ﺗﻪ‬telephone
talasm ‫ﰟ‬v‫ ﺗـــــــﻪ‬talisman, magic spell; ~-
swe ‫ ﺳـــــــﻮێ‬longing, yearning, regret; ~-
khwendin ba sar …dâ v.t. to cast a
bûnawa to yearn for someone, to pine spell over

swend ‫ــﻨــﺪ‬l‫ ﺳــﻮ‬oath; ~-khwârdin v.t. to talatal-chûn ‫ﺗـــﻪل ﭼـــﻮون‬v‫ ﺗـــﻪ‬v.i. to walk

take an oath, to swear: swend’im bo

dakhoy beytawa? do you swear to me very quietly
you’ll come back?
talavizyon ‫ﭬﺰﯾﯚن‬v‫ ﺗﻪ‬television
swenka ‫ﻨﮑﻪ‬l‫ ﺳﻮ‬dregs, swill tałâq ‫ق‬Ÿ‫ ﺗــــــــــــﻪ‬divorce; ~-dân v.t. to di-
Swîs ‫ ﺳﻮ§ﺲ‬Switzerland; ~î Swiss
vorce: ~’î dâwim he has divorced me
tabaq ‫ ﺗﻪﺑﻪق‬platter
tadârak ‫ ﺗــــﻪدارﻩک‬preparations; ~-kirdin talâr ‫ ﺗﻪﻻر‬hall, room in an upper story
talîsm ‫ = ﺗﻪﻟ›ﺴﻢ‬talasm
v.t. to prepare: ~ i safar’im bo âmâda tam ‫ ﺗــــــﻪم‬dust; mist, fog; puff on a ciga-
bikan let them prepare for me the par-
rette; ~-rândin v.t. to bury

taman ‫ ﺗـﻪﻣـﻪن‬age: la ~ i mindâlî i khoydâ
aphernalia for a journey during one’s childhood

tafâwat ‫ ﺗﻪﻓﺎوﻩت‬difference tamara ‫ ﺗﻪﻣﻪرﻩ‬hurly-burly
tagara ‫ ﺗﻪﮔﻪرﻩ‬wheel (of cart, carriage) tamâ ‫ ﺗـﻪﻣـﺎ‬desire, greed; ba ~ i ‫ ﺑـﻪ ﺗـﻪﻣـﺎى‬de-
tagbîr ‫ ﺗﻪﮔﺒﲑ‬plan, plot
tak ‫ ﺗﻪک‬near, next to, opposite sirous of; ~kâr ‫ ﺗﻪﻣ˜ﰷر‬greedy
takân ‫ ﺗــــﻪﰷن‬motion; ~-dân v.t. to shake; tamâḥkâr ‫ = ﺗﻪﻣﺎﺣﲀر‬tamâkâr
tamâko ‫ ﺗﻪﻣ˜ﮐﯚ‬tobacco
~-khwârdin v.t. to move, budge: tamâshâ ‫ ﺗـﻪﻣـﺎﺷـﺎ‬spectacle; ~-kirdin v.t. to
pyâwaká takân’î nakhwârd the man
didn’t budge look at; to watch (a performance), to

takândin ‫ ﺗـــﻪﰷﻧـــﺪن‬taken- ‫ـــﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗـــﻪﮐـــ‬v.t. to see (a sight); ~khâna ‫ﺎﻧﻪ‬L‫ ﺗﻪﻣﺎﺷﺎ‬theater
tamâta ‫ ﺗﻪﻣﺎﺗﻪ‬tomato
shake; hał-~ ditto; râ-~ ditto tambał ‫ﻪڵ‬m‫ ﺗﻪﻣ‬lazy
tame ‰‫ ﺗـــﻪﻣـــ‬admonition; ~-kirdin to ad-
takîn-awa la v ‫ﻴﻨﻪوﻩ‬B‫ ﺗﻪ‬v.i. to avoid
takht ‫ ﺗـﻪﺧـﺖ‬smooth, flat; throne, bed; ~- monish, to instruct

kirdin v.t. to flatten; ~ i zawî kirdin tamez ‫ﺰ‬Œ‫ ﺗﻪﻣ‬clean
v.t. to flatten to the ground; to wipe tammûz ‫ ﺗﻪﳑﻮوز‬July
tan ‫ ﺗﻪن‬body; ~drust ‫ ﺗﻪﻧﺪروﺳﺖ‬healthy
out; ~ u tânj ‫ﱋ‬c‫ ﺗــــــﻪﺧــــــﺖو‬throne and tanaka ‫ ﺗﻪﻧﻪﮐﻪ‬tin, tin can
tanâf ‫ ﺗﻪ‡ف‬rope
crown; la sar ~ dâ-nân v.t. to seat on tanâna(t) (‫ ﺗﻪ‡ﻧﻪ)ت‬especially
the throne, to enthrone tandûr ‫ ﺗـﻪﻧـﺪوور‬oven; ~-dâ-khistin v.t. to

takhta ‫ـﻪ‬µ‫ ﺗـﻪﺧـ‬board, slab; ~-bûn v.i. to be

boarded shut: bâzâr ~ ya the market’s

boarded shut; ~-kirdin v.t. to board light an oven
up: dukânakáy ~ kirâwa his shop has
tang ‫ـﮓ‬s‫ ﺗـﻪ‬tight, narrow; saddle strap; ba
been boarded up; ~rash ‫ــــﻪرﻩش‬µ‫ﺗــــﻪﺧــــ‬
~ …awa bûn v.i. to belong to, to be
blackboard
encompassed by; ~atâw ‫و‬c‫ـﮕـﻪ‬s‫ ﺗـﻪ‬hectic
ta’kîd ‫ـﮑـ;ـﺪ‬C‫ ﺗـﻪ‬affirmation; ~-kirdinawa pressure; ~atâw-nân ‫و ‡ن‬c‫ـﮕـﻪ‬s‫ ﺗـﻪ‬v.t. to
put pressure on; ~âna ‫ــﮕــﺎﻧــﻪ‬s‫ ﺗــﻪ‬narrow
lasar to reaffirm pass, strait; dire straits; ~âw ‫ــــﮕــــﺎو‬s‫ﺗــــﻪ‬

takûz ‫ـــﻮوز‬B‫ ﺗـــﻪ‬ordered, organized; ~î ‫ﺗـــﻪ‬ under pressure, in dire straits; ~dast
‫ﻮوزى‬B orderliness, organization
‫ـﮕـﺪﻩﺳـﺖ‬s‫ ﺗـﻪ‬poor; ~ u chałama ‫ـﻪ‬T‫ـﮓو¸ـﻪ‬s‫ﺗـﻪ‬
tała ‫ـﻪ‬T‫ ﺗـﻪ‬trap, snare; ~-nânawa v.t. to lay ‫ ﻣﻪ‬difficulty
tanhâ ‫ ﺗﻪﳖﺎ‬only; alone; ~î loneliness
a trap

tałaba ‫ﻪﺑﻪ‬T‫ ﺗﻪ‬student

229

SORANI KURDISH

tanîsht ‫ ﺗﻪﻧ›ﺸﺖ‬beside, next to house they had set aside for him
tankhwâ ‫ ﺗــــﻪﳔــــﻮا‬commercial goods; in-
tarkhun ‫ ﺗﻪرﺧﻮن‬tarragon
vestment capital tarm ‫ ﺗﻪرم‬body, corpse
tarsa ‫ ﺗﻪرﺳﻪ‬reversed, upside down
tanyâ ‫ ﺗـﻪﻧـﻴـﺎ‬alone, only; following a neg. tarza ‫ ﺗﻪرزﻩ‬hail
tashanâ-kirdin ‫ـﺮدن‬B ‡‫ ﺗـﻪﺷـﻪ‬v.t. to heal, to
clause, tanyâ…nabe nothing/nobody
but: kasim niya, tanyâ dâyk a pîrèk

nabe I have no one but an old mother; heal over
tashrîn ‫ـﻦ‬a‫ﺗـﻪﴍ‬: ~ i yekam ‫ﺗـﻪﴍﯾـﲎ ﯾـﻪﻛـﻪم‬
kam yân zor roysht kasèk nâzâne October; ~ i dûham ‫ ﺗـﻪﴍﯾـﲎ دووﻫـﻪم‬No-
tanyâ Khwâ nabe how far he went
vember
only God knows; ~î ‫ ﺗـــﻪﻧـــﻴـــﺎﱙ‬solitude,
loneliness; ~bâł ‫ ﺗﻪﻧﻴﺎ¶ڵ‬alone, forlorn task ‫ ﺗﻪﺳﮏ‬narrow
tapândin ‫ ﺗـﻪﭘـﺎﻧـﺪن‬tapen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗـﻪﭘـ‬v.t. to stuff, tawakul ‫ﻮل‬B‫ ﺗﻪوﻩ‬trust in God
tawar ‫ ﺗﻪوﻩر‬aim
cram; to kick, beat with the hands tawâfat ‫ = ﺗﻪواﻓﻪت‬tafâwat
tawâfiq ‫ ﺗﻪواﻓﻖ‬agreement, co-operation
tapîn ‫ ﺗﻪﭘﲔ‬v.i. to collapse tawâncha ‫ﻪ‬#‫ ﺗﻪوا‬pistol
tapsî ‫ﴗ‬é‫ ﺗﻪ‬plate tawândin ‫ ﺗﻪواﻧﺪن‬tawen- ‫ﻦ‬¤‫ ﺗﻪو‬v.t. to fold
taqa ‫ ﺗــﻪﻗــﻪ‬thump, thud, sound of a heavy tawâw ‫ ﺗــــــﻪواو‬complete; ~-bûn v.i. to be

thing falling

taqał ‫ ﺗــﻪﻗــﻪڵ‬stitch; ~-dân v.t. to stitch; ~
le-dân v.t. to stitch; ~ hał-dân la to finished; ~-kirdin v.t. to finish; ba ~î

take a stitch in completely

taqâlâ ‫ ﺗـﻪﻗـﺎﻻ‬attempt; ~-kirdin v.t. to try, tawizhm ‫ ﺗﻪوژم‬pressure
tawq ‫ ﺗــﻪوق‬ring; ~ a sar ‫ ﺗــﻪوﻗــﻪﺳــﻪر‬top of
attempt
the head: ba ~ i sarîawa on top of his
taq|în ‫ ﺗـﻪﻗـﲔ‬v.i. to burst; ~înawa ba ‫ﺗـﻪﻗـ;ـﻨـﻪ‬ head
‫ وﻩ ﺑـﻪ‬to break out in, burst out into; ~a-
manî ‫ ﺗﻪﻗﻪﻣﻪﱏ‬explosive material taws ‫ ﺗﻪوس‬taunt
tay ‫ ﺗﻪی‬tame, trained
tař ‫ ﺗـﻪڕ‬moist, wet; nice; ~dam ‫ ﺗـﻪڕدﻩم‬elo- tay-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ ﺗﻪی‬v.t. to traverse
quent; ~dast ‫ ﺗﻪڕدﻩﺳﺖ‬expert, dextrous tayâr ‫ر‬p‫ ﺗﻪ‬ready
tayâra ‫رﻩ‬p‫ ﺗﻪ‬airplane
tara ‫ ﺗﻪرﻩ‬in exile tâ1 (1) c to, up to: l’ erawa tâ awe from
taraqî ‫ ﺗــــــــــﻪرﻩﰵ‬advancement, progress;
here to there; (2) by the time: tâ min
~khwâz ‫ ﺗــﻪرﻩﻗــ;ــﺨــﻮاز‬progressive: koř i gayshtim namâ by the time I arrived
he wasn’t there any longer; (3) until
yekiyatî u taraqîkhwâzî i kurd Society (conj. + neg. subj.): tâ nayey, nâyem I
for the Unity and Advancement of won’t come until you do; until (intro-
Kurds ducing final clause + indicative) min
l’ era bot dâdanem tâ deytawa I’ll put
tarât(en) ‫ ﺗـــﻪرات‬،‫ـــﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗـــﻪراﺗـــ‬prancing of a it here for you until you come back;
(4) (prep.) until tâ sa’ât i penj châ-
horse up and down the field wařwânit dakam I’ll wait for you until
five o’clock; (5) the longer, to keep on
tarâten i ‫ﲎ‬Œ‫ ﺗﻪراﺗ‬all around (prep)
tareq ‫ﻖ‬l‫ = ﺗﻪر‬tarîq
tarfana ‫ ﺗﻪرﻓﻪﻧﻪ‬lost
tarîq ‫ ﺗﻪرﯾﻖ‬shy; ~î shyness
tarkhân ‫ــﺎن‬L‫ ﺗــﻪر‬special, devoted (ba/bo

to); exempt from taxes and imposts;

~-kirdin bo v.t. to give someone ex- (getting …er): ~ dahât as time went

clusive use of something: îtir la nâw by, the longer (a situation pertained):

aw khânûá bo’yân tarkhân kirdibû, tâ dahât, girântir dabû as time went

nadagunjâ he no longer fit in the by, the heavier it got; tâ de, rangî

230

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

zard u lâwâz dabe he keeps on getting tâw1 ‫و‬c period of time; ~è(k) ‫ـﮏ‬¤‫و‬c for a

paler and thinner; ~kû ‫ـــﻮو‬Bc so that, in while;

order that (+ subj.) tâw2 ‫و‬c (1) heat, burning, fever, long-

tâ2 c fever ing, grieving: la ~ i dûrî i kuřakáy har
tâ3 c fold; ~-kirdin v.t. to fold: kâghaza- dû châwî kwer bûbû both his eyes had
gone blind from grieving over separa-
ká tâ bika fold the paper tion from his son; (2) downpour (of
rain): ~ i bârân nabiřrâyawa the
tâj ‫ج‬c crown downpour has not ceased; (3) turn,
tâk ‫ک‬c sole, solitary, alone; ~-u-tanyâ charge, gallop; ~-dân v.t. to make (a
horse) gallop; ~-girtin v.t. to work
‫کوﺗـﻪﻧـﻴـﺎ‬c all by oneself; ~-u-tarâ(k) ‫ک‬c assiduously; ~-kirdin v.t. to trick s.o.
(‫ وﺗﻪرا)ک‬miscellaneous into believing; ~ sandin v.t. for heat
tâkû ‫ــــﻮو‬Bc (+ subj.) in order that; (prep.) to become intense

until: ~ estâ until now tâwân1 ‫وان‬c reward; fault, guilt, crime;
~bâr ‫واﻧــــــﺒــــــﺎر‬c blameworthy, guilty;
tâł ‫ڵ‬c bitter
tâłân ‫ن‬Ÿc plunder; ~-kirdin v.t. to ~bâr-kirdin v.t. to blame; ~ rek-
khistin v.t. to accuse falsely
pillage, plunder
tâwân2 ‫وان‬c tâwe- ‫وێ‬c v.i. to melt; ~din
tâm ‫م‬c taste; ~-kirdin v.t. to taste ‫واﻧﺪن‬c tâwen- ‫ﻦ‬¤‫و‬c v.t. to melt
tâmazro ‫ﻣـــﻪزرۆ‬c, tâmâzro ‫ﻣـــﺎزرۆ‬c eager,
tâwił ‫وڵ‬c tent
craving; ~î ‫ﻣﻪزرۆﰃ‬c eagerness, craving tâwistân ‫ﺘﺎن‬8‫وﺳ‬c summer
tân ‫ن‬c warp (weaving) tâwlama ‫ﻣــﻪ‬v‫و‬c wire basket spun to heat
tâna ‫ﻧﻪ‬c taunt; ~ le-dân v.t. to taunt
tânj ‫ﱋ‬c = tâj charcoal
tânjî ‫ﳒﯽ‬c hunting dog
tânût ‫ﻧﻮوت‬c taunt, abuse tâwtwe-kirân ‫ﺮان‬B ‫وﺗﻮێ‬c v.i. to suffer
tâpo ‫ﭘﯚ‬c ghost, apparition tâybat ‫ﯾــﺒــﻪت‬c personal, special, devoted
tâq ‫ق‬c sole, only: ~ a kuřèkî dabe he
(ba to); ba ~î ‫ﯾـــــﺒـــــﻪﰏ‬c‫ ﺑـــــﻪ‬especially;
has only one son; odd, not even ~mandî ‫ﺒﻪﲤﻪﻧﺪی‬lc characteristic
tâza ‫زﻩ‬c new, fresh; ~lâw ‫زﻩﻻو‬c adoles-
tâqat ‫ﻗـﻪت‬c energy; be~ ‫ـﺎﻗـﻪت‬µ‫ـ‬Œ‫ ﺑـ‬anxious,
cent
sad
tâzhân ‫ژان‬c whip, lash
tâqâna ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻪ‬c only child tâzhî ‫ژی‬c hunting dog
tâqim ‫ﰴ‬c group tâzî ‫زی‬c Arabic
tâqî ‫ﰵ‬c test, trial; ~-kirdinawa v.t. to tâziyâna ‫ﻧﻪ‬p‫ز‬c whip
te ì see da; ~-birdin (v.t., = birdin da)
try, to test
to put something inside something
Târân ‫ران‬c Tehran else; ~-chûn (v.i., = chûn da) to suf-
târândin ‫راﻧــﺪن‬c târen- ‫ــﻦ‬¤‫ر‬c v.t. to drive fer loss; to cost a lot: mâlakám zorî te
chûwa my house has cost me a lot; ~-
away forever gayândin v.t. to make understand,
explain to: hâl u masala’y te gayân-
târîf ‫رﯾــﻒ‬c description: la ~ nâye it can’t dim he explained the situation to me;
~-gayshtin v.i. to understand; ~-girtin
be described, it is beyond description v.t. to take aim at: bardî te bigra aim
at the rock; ~-gîrân v.i. to tangle; ~-
târîk ‫ﮏ‬a‫ر‬c dark
târîkh ‫رﱗ‬c history
tâsân ‫ﺳـــﺎن‬c tâse- ‰‫ﺳـــ‬c v.i. to choke, be

strangled; ~din ‫ﺳـﺎﻧـﺪن‬c tâsen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ﺳـ‬c v.t.

to choke, strangle

tâsh ‫ش‬c big slab of rock; ~abard ‫ﺷــﻪﺑــﻪ‬c
‫ رد‬ditto

tâshîn ‫ﺷﲔ‬c tâsh- ‫ش‬c v.t. to shave

231

SORANI KURDISH

kishân v.t. to pass quickly: b’ era dâ ing had enough sleep; ~-khwârdin la

hât u tekishâ he came there and to eat one’s fill of
quickly passed by; ~-kirdin v.t. =
kirdin da to pour onto: âwî te ka pour ter2 ‫ﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺗ‬large saddlebag
some water on it; to make ready: sabîl teshu ‫ـــﺸـــﻮ‬Œ‫ ﺗـــ‬pile, heap; ~-kirdin v.t. to
te ka get the pipe ready; ~-mân v.i. to
be bewildered make a pile; to have breakfast

te- ì cmpd. vb. agent; see te-gayshtin, teska ‫ﺴﮑﻪ‬Œ‫ = ﺗ‬tîshk
tif ‫ ﺗـــــﻒ‬spit; ~-kirdin v.t. to spit; ~-kir-
te hał-chûn, te-kutân
dinawa v.t. to spit out; ~ân ‫ ﺗـــﻔـــﺎن‬tife-
tebar ‫ــﻪر‬m‫ــ‬Œ‫ ﺗــ‬lit, burning; ~-bûn v.i. to be ‰‫ ﺗـﻔـ‬v.i. to spit; ~ânà dam yek ‫ﺗـﻔـﺎﻧـﻪ دﻩم ﯾـﻪ‬
‫ ک‬to plot, conspire
lit (fire), to burn; ~-dân v.t. to light tifang ‫ـﮓ‬s‫ ﺗـﻔـﻪ‬rifle, shotgun; ~-hâwîshtin
(fire): âgirî tebar dâ he lit a fire; to set
a dog on v.t. to fire a rifle

tebînî ‫;ﲎ‬Ò²‫ ﺗ‬observation tikândin ‫ـﲀﻧـﺪن‬Ž tiken- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﮑـ‬Ž v.t. to drip,
tek ‫ـﮏ‬²‫ ﺗـ‬together; ~-bar-bûn v.i. to fight;
cause to drip; âbřû-~ to dishonor:
~-birdin v.t. to throw things together; âbřû’y tikândim he dishonored me
~-chûn v.i. to change, lose one’s com-
posure, to get mixed up; ~-chûn la to tifâq ‫ ﺗﻔﺎق‬provisions
be mistaken, be the wrong person: tift ‫ ﺗﻔﺖ‬mouth-puckeringly sweet
lem tek chûy I thought you were tikheł Ç‫ــ‬²‫ ﲣــ‬stretched out on the ground,
someone else; ~-chûn lagał to dis-
prone, prostrate

tikhun ‫ ﲣــــــــﻮن‬near; ~ i ... kawtin to get

near: tikhun i âgir nakawî you

agree with; ~-dân v.t. to spoil, mix shouldn’t get near the fire

up; ~-hał-dân v.t. to kick; to lock tiłakân ‫ـﻪﰷن‬k‫ ﺗـ‬tiłake- ‰‫ـﻪﮐـ‬k‫ ﺗـ‬v.i. to be sha-

horns; ~-khirân v.p. to get tied to- ken; râ-~ to be shaken up (as liquid in

gether; ~-khistin v.t. to tie together; a bottle); râ-tiłakândin tiłaken- v.t.

~-kirdinawa v.t. to break someone’s to shake up
bones in a fight: lashyân hamû tek
kirdawa they beat him to a pulp; ~- tiłaqân ‫ﻪﻗﺎن‬k‫ = ﺗ‬tiłakân
shikân v.i. to collapse tilân ‫ ﺗـــﻼن‬tile- ‰‫ ﺗـــﻠـــ‬v.i. to toss and turn;

tekał ‫ـــﮑـــﻪڵ‬²‫ ﺗـــ‬with, along with; bo ~ ba ~dinawa ‫ ﺗـﻼﻧـﺪﻧـﻪوﻩ‬v.t. to toss; to juggle;

together with; ~-pekał all mixed up, to deal (ba with)
jumbled; ~-dân v.t. to stir: shîraká
tekał da stir the milk; dast ~-kirdin tilîs ‫ ﺗـــﻠـــ›ـــﺲ‬drenched, sopping wet; ~ân
lagał v.t. to have carnal relations with: ‫ ﺗـﻠـ›ـﺴـﺎن‬tilîse- ‰‫ ﺗـﻠـ›ـﺴـ‬v.i. to get drenched;
damawe lagałim rek bikawî u dast’im ~ândin ‫ ﺗـﻠـ›ـﺴـﺎﻧـﺪن‬tilîsen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗـﻠـ›ـﺴـ‬v.t. to
lagał tekał bikay I want you to lie
wet

tiłîsh ‫ــ›ــﺶ‬k‫ ﺗــ‬ripped, torn: kirâsakám ~ ~

bû my shirt was ripped to shreds; ~-

with me and have sex with me birdin v.t. to split: dâr tilîshî bird the

te-koshân ‫ـﮑـﯚﺷـﺎن‬²‫ ﺗـ‬-koshe- ‰‫ـﮑـﯚﺷـ‬²‫ ﺗـ‬to tree split; ~ân ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎن‬k‫ ﺗـ‬tilîshe- ‰‫ـ›ـﺸـ‬k‫ ﺗـ‬v.i.
to split; ~ândin ‫ـ›ـﺸـﺎﻧـﺪن‬k‫ ﺗـ‬tilîshen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـ›ـﺸـ‬k‫ﺗـ‬
strive, to struggle
v.t. to split
tekrâ ‫ــﮑــﺮا‬²‫ ﺗــ‬altogether; ba ~î in general,
tilyâk ‫ = ﺗﻠﻴﺎک‬tiryâk
generally tiłyân ‫ﻴﺎن‬k‫ ﺗ‬tiłe- ‰k‫ ﺗ‬v.t. to leave, allow
tir ‫ـﺮ‬Ž other; hîch i ~ nothing else: nama-
tepar ‫ــﻪر‬Ü‫ــ‬Œ‫ﺗــ‬: ~-bûn ba sar …dâ v.i. (for
twânî hîch i tir bikam I couldn’t have
time) to pass after …; ~-kirdin la v.t. done anything else; yek~ each other
to exceed, surpass

ter1 ‫ـﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺗـ‬full, satiated; ~khaw ‫ـﻪو‬L‫ـﺮ‬Œ‫ ﺗـ‬hav-

232

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

tirâzân ‫ـــــــــﺮازان‬Ž v.i. to go to pieces; ~ la pe dakan he thought they were mak-
ing fun of him
shwen kho to be unrecognizable
tîz-kirdin ba ‫ــﺮدن ﺑــﻪ‬B ‫ ﺗــﲒ‬v.t. to make fun
tire ‫ﺮێ‬Ž grapes
tiřo-kirdin ‫ــــﺮدن‬B ‫ۆ‬g‫ــــ‬Ž v.t. to disgrace, to of; ~-kirdin ba ...awa v.t. to poke,
poke fun at
drive away in disgrace
tîzh Ã‫ ﺗـــ‬sharp, hot, spicy; fast, quick; in-
tirpa sound ‫ـﺮﭘـﻪ‬Ž of a footfall; ~ i pe ‫ـﺮﭘـﻪى‬Ž
‰Š‫ ﭘ‬footstep sistent

tirs ‫ﺮس‬Ž fear tkâ ‫ــــﲀ‬Ž request; ~-kirdin v.t. to request,
tirsân ‫ـــﺮﺳـــﺎن‬Ž tirse- ‰‫ـــﺮﺳـــ‬Ž la v.i. to be
beg: tkâ akam please
afraid of, fear
to ‫ ﺗﯚ‬you (sing.)
tirsândin ‫ــﺮﺳــﺎﻧــﺪن‬Ž tirsen- ‫ــﻦ‬Œ‫ــﺮﺳــ‬Ž v.t. to tobra ‫ ﺗﯚ–ﺮﻩ‬sack
scare; tirsenar ‫ــﻪر‬ž‫ــ‬Œ‫ــﺮﺳــ‬Ž frightening, tof ‫ ﺗـﯚف‬blizzard; ~ân ‫ ﺗـﯚﻓـﺎن‬blizzard, del-

scary uge

tirsh ‫ـــــــــــــﺮش‬Ž bitter; khoshit be u ~it be tok ‫ ﺗﯚک‬tree bark
toła ‫ـﻪ‬T‫ ﺗـﯚ‬revenge; ~ i … kirdinawa v.t. to
whether you like it or not
take revenge for: biřyâr’yân dâ toła i
tiryâk ‫ک‬p‫ـﺮ‬Ž opium; ~kesh ‫ـﺶ‬Œ‫کﮐـ‬p‫ـﺮ‬Ž opi- am âbřûchûnáyân bikanawa they de-
um smoker; ~î ‫ﰽ‬p‫ﺮ‬Ž opium addict cided to take revenge for this outrage
against their dignity
tis ‫ــﺲ‬E fart (noiseless); ~-dân v.t. to fart;
~in ‫ــــﺴــــﻦ‬E farter, “old fart,” idler; ~în tom(a) ‫ ﺗــــــﯚم‬،‫ ﺗــــــﯚﻣــــــﻪ‬seed, grain; tom-
‫ﺴﲔ‬E v.i. to fart
washândin v.t. to sow, scatter seed
tizân ‫ـﺰان‬Ž tize- ‫ـﺰێ‬Ž v.i. to collect (liquid),
tomâr ‫ ﺗــﯚﻣــﺎر‬record, document; ~-kirdin
well up: dastim khwenî te tizâwa
blood has collected in my hand; fir- v.t. to record
mesk la châwim tizâ tears welled up
in my eyes top ‫ ﺗــــﯚپ‬ball; big lie; ~al ‫ ﺗــــﯚﭘــــﺎل‬round;
~chî ‫ ﺗﯚﭘﭽﯽ‬cannoneer; liar
tîgh ‫ ﺗﻴﻎ‬blade
tîka ‫ ﺗﻴﮑﻪ‬bit, piece topîn ‫ ﺗـﯚﭘـﲔ‬top- ‫ ﺗـﯚپ‬v.i. to die (of an ani-
tîmâr-kirdin ‫ــﺮدن‬B ‫ر‬7‫ ﺗــ‬v.t. to care for the
mal); hał-~ to drop dead
ill
toplâkh ‫ ﺗـﯚﭘـﻼخ‬piled up; ~a-kirdin ‫ـﻪ‬L‫ﺗـﯚﭘـﻼ‬
tîn ‫ ﺗــﲔ‬power, force; ba ~awa powerful- ‫ــــﺮدن‬B v.t. to pile up: payn u qur ba sar
ly; be~ ‫ﲔ‬n²‫ ﺑ‬powerless, weak
yekâ toplâkhay kirdûa he’s piled up
tîn|û ‫ـﻮو‬ž‫ ﺗـ›ـ‬thirsty: ~ma I’m thirsty; ~wetî dung and mud on top of each other
‫ﱴ‬l‫ﻮ‬ž›‫ ﺗ‬thirst
toq ‫ ﺗــــــﯚق‬top: bardèkî la ~ i sarim dâ he
tîp ‫ ﺗ›ﭗ‬group, contingent; team
tîr ‫ ﺗﲑ‬arrow threw a stone on top of my head
tîra ‫ ﺗــﲑﻩ‬clan, family branch, subdivision
toqał ‫ ﺗـﯚﻗـﻪڵ‬patch: ~ a tûtiřikèk a patch of
of a hoz
wild strawberries
tîsha ‫ ﺗـ›ـﺸـﻪ‬sprout; ~biř g‫ ﺗـ›ـﺸـﻪ–ـ‬frost that
tow ‫ = ﺗﯚو‬tom; ~ i mirîshik egg
kills young sprouts toz ‫ ﺗــﯚز‬dust; ~-kirdin v.t. to stir up dust;

tîshk ‫ ﺗ›ﺸﮏ‬ray ~e ‫ ﺗﯚزێ‬, ~èk ‫ﮏ‬¤‫ ﺗﯚز‬a little bit
tîsk ‫ ﺗـــــ›ـــــﺴـــــﮏ‬clump of hair; bunch of tozhar ‫ ﺗﯚژﻩر‬researcher, investigator
trâzân ‫ــــــﺮازان‬Ž trâze ‫ــــــﺮازێ‬Ž v.i. to go to
grapes; long-haired: mařèk i ~ long-
haired sheep pieces, fall apart; kâr la kâr ~ to be
all over
tîtâł ‫ـﺎڵ‬µ‫ ﺗـ›ـ‬joke; ~-kirdin ba v.t. to make
trîkândin ‫ـﲀﻧـﺪن‬a‫ـﺮ‬Ž trîken- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﮑـ‬a‫ـﺮ‬Ž v.t. to
fun of, play a joke on: pey wâ bû tîtâlî
scream

trîqânawa ‫ـﺮﯾـﻘـﺎﻧـﻪوﻩ‬Ž trîqe- ‰‫ـﺮﯾـﻘـ‬Ž v.i. to guf-

233

SORANI KURDISH

faw, laugh out loud ness of character; ~-kirdin v.t. imprs.
to be cold and rainy (of the weather):
trîshqa ‫ﺮ§ﺸﻘﻪ‬Ž lightning hawâkay tûsh kird the weather turned
tropîn ‫ﺮۆﭘﲔ‬Ž v.i. = topîn
trombel ‫ﻞ‬²m‫ﺮۆﻣ‬Ž = trumbîl bad; ~î ‫ ﺗﻮوﳽ‬bad weather
trumbîl ‫ﻴﻞ‬m‫ﺮوﻣ‬Ž automobile tûtiřik ‫ک‬gŽ‫ ﺗﻮو‬wild strawberry
trushkân ‫ـﺮوﺷـﲀن‬Ž trushke- ‰‫ـﺮوﺷـﮑـ‬Ž v.i. to twân ‫ ﺗــﻮان‬twe- ‫ ﺗــﻮێ‬v.t. to want; ~awa =

squat; hał-~ to squat down tâwân

trûkân ‫ـﺮووﰷن‬Ž trûke- ‰‫ـﺮووﮐـ‬Ž v.i. to blink: twânâ ‡‫ ﺗــــــﻮا‬ability: hargiz la twânâm’â

la châw trûkânèk’dâ in the twinkling niya it will never be within my ability,
ba pe i ~ inasfar as possible
of an eye; ~din ‫ـــــــﺮووﰷﻧـــــــﺪن‬Ž trûken-
‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ﺮووﮐ‬Ž v.t. to blink twânîn ‫ ﺗـﻮاﻧـﲔ‬twân- ‫ ﺗـﻮان‬v.t. to be able (+
trûsk ‫ـﺮووﺳـﮏ‬Ž shine, gleam; ~a ‫ـﺮووﺳـﮑـﻪ‬Ž
glimmer, gleam; ~âî ‫ــــﺮووﺳــــﲀﰃ‬Ž faint subj)
glimmer; ~ân ‫ـﺮووﺳـﲀن‬Ž trûske- ‰‫ـﺮووﮐـ‬Ž
twânj ‫ ﺗـﻮاﱋ‬disapprobation; ~-girtin da to
v.i. to shine, to gleam
find fault with
tułân-awa ‫ﻧــــﻪوﻩ‬Ÿ‫ ﺗــــﻮ‬v.i. to fall to pieces
twâshâ-kirdin ‫ـــﺮدن‬B ‫ = ﺗـــﻮاﺷـــﺎ‬tamâshâ-
(from being cooked too much): gosh-
taká hend kulîwa tulâwatawa the kirdin

twe-kirdin ‫ــﺮدن‬B ‫ ﺗــﻮێ‬v.t. to rip to shreds:

bulbul ka garm i naghmaya âgir da-

meat has been so overcooked it’s kâtawa / khuncha hazîna, jarg u dilî

fallen to pieces bo dakâ twe (Nâlî) the nightingale,
hot with song, bursts into flame; the
tumaz ‫ ﺗﻮﻣﻪرز‬wouldn’t you know? bud is saddened and rips her heart to
tumâr ‫ = ﺗﻮﻣﺎر‬tomâr shreds for him
tund ‫ ﺗــﻮﻧــﺪ‬tight; fast, swift; hot, spicy; ~-
tweł Çl‫ ﺗﻮ‬forehead
kirdin v.t. to hold tight, to make fast tyâ ‫ = ﺗـﻴـﺎ‬tey(d)â in it; ~-birdin v.t. to do

turben ‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗﻮرﺑ‬bag, sack away with, to eliminate; ~-chûn v.i. to
turkmân ‫ ﺗﻮرﮐﲈن‬Turcoman go away, disappear; ~ râ-mândin v.i.
tursh ‫ ﺗـــــﻮرش‬sour; ~ândin ‫ﺗـــــﻮرﺷـــــﺎﻧـــــﺪن‬ to be perplexed, confused; to ponder

turshen- ‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ ﺗﻮرﺷ‬v.t. to make sour tyâtro ‫ـﺮۆ‬Ž‫ ﺗـﻴـﺎ‬theater; ~khâna ‫ـﺎﻧـﻪ‬L‫ـﺮۆ‬Ž‫ﺗـﻴـﺎ‬
tutin ‫ﻦ‬Ž‫ ﺗﻮ‬tobacco
tûk ‫ ﺗـﻮوک‬hair; ~asar ‫ ﺗـﻮوﮐـﻪﺳـﻪر‬hair on the theater

head u ‫ و‬and
umed ‫ ﺋـﻮﻣـ´ـﺪ‬hope; nâ~ ‫ ‡ﺋـﻮﻣـ´ـﺪ‬desperate, in
tûla v‫ ﺗﻮو‬a small hunting dog
tûřa ‫ ﺗـــﻮوڕﻩ‬angry, mad; ~î ‫ ﺗـــﻮوڕﻩﱙ‬anger: despair

ba tûřaîawa rû’y le kirdim he turned urûpâ ‫ﻮرووﭘﺎ‬l Europe
away from me in anger utrumbîl ‫ﻴﻞ‬m‫ﺮوﻣ‬Ž‫ ﺋﻮ‬automobile

tûraka ‫ ﺗﻮورﻩﮐﻪ‬sack, bag wa1 ‫ = وﻩ‬ba: wakhabar = bakhabar, wa
Tûrân ‫ ﺗــــــــــــــﻮوران‬Turan, the traditional
re = ba re; wadast = ba dast
Transoxanian enemy of Iran
wa2 ‫ وﻩ‬and
tûsh1 ‫ ﺗـﻮوش‬meeting, involved; ~-bûn v.i. wach ‫ وﻩچ‬offshoot, offspring
wa‘d ‫ وﻩ`ــــﺪ‬promise; ~-dân v.t. to prom-
to meet, come across: dwene la sha-
qâm’dâ tûshî bûm I met him in the ise
street yesterday; ~-kirdin v.t. to get
someone involved: to tûshit kirdim wadast ‫ = وﻩدﻩﺳﺖ‬ba dast
you got me involved wafât ‫ وﻩﻓﺎت‬death; ~-kirdin v.t. to die

tûsh2 ‫ ﺗــــــﻮوش‬cold, rainy weather; mean-

234

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

wafd ‫ وﻩﻓﺪ‬delegation shaken out: jilakát dâwashâ your
wajâkh ‫ وﻩ•ــــــــﺎخ‬male offspring; ~kwer clothes have been shaken out; râ-~ to
be shaken; to waste away (from ill-
‫ﺮ‬¤‫ﻮ‬B‫ وﻩ•ﺎخ‬childless ness): lashî dâwashâwa his body has
wak ‫ وﻩک‬like; ~ yek alike, all the same;
~î ka on the other hand wasted away; ~-awa la to be suitable
wakht ‫ وﻩﺧـــــــﺖ‬time: l’ aw ~á’dâ at that for, proper for: am kârá la to nâwa-
time; ~ bû, ~â bû nearly, almost (+ shetawa this is not suitable for you,

subj.) wakht bû bizîqene he almost am jilá la to dawashetawa these
screamed; wakht-a la birsân bimirim clothes suit you
I’m about to die of hunger; ~ basar
birdin ba v.t. to while away time by; washândin ‫ وﻩﺷـﺎﻧـﺪن‬washen- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ وﻩﺷـ‬v.t. to

~î ‫ وﻩﺧﱴ‬temporary shake, scatter; dâ-~ to bend down and
wakû ‫ـﻮو‬B‫ وﻩ‬as though (+ subj.): ~ shitèk’î shake: dârèkî bo dâwashând barî na-
kawt he bent down a tree and shook it
bîr kawtibetawa as though he remem- but the fruit didn’t fall; hał-~ to rip

bered something open, rip apart; râ-~ to shake violent-
ly
wałâm ‫م‬Ÿ‫ وﻩ‬answer, response; ~-dân v.t.
washârtû ‫ وﻩﺷﺎ ﺗرﻮو‬hidden
to answer wastâ ‫ﺘﺎ‬8‫ وﻩﺳ‬master, professor
wassân ‫ وﻩﺳـــــــــــــﺎن‬wass- ‫ = وﻩس‬wastân
waqt ‫ = وﻩﻗﺖ‬wakht
wára ‫ وﻩرﻩ‬come!, come on! (impt. sing. wast-

of hâtin) wastân ‫ــﺘــﺎن‬8‫ وﻩﺳــ‬wast- ‫( وﻩﺳــﺖ‬v.i., pres.

warân ‫ وﻩران‬v.i. to fall; to writhe; hał-~ tense often contracted to dast- for
dawast-) to stand, stop; ~ la to be
to fall down tired of: wastâwim la kâr I’m tired of
working; ~awa la to confront: ley
wargeř g‫ـــ‬Œ‫ وﻩرﮔـــ‬translator; ~ân ‫ان‬g‫ـــ‬Œ‫وﻩرﮔـــ‬ wastâmawa shaqèkim te hałdâ I con-
fronted him and gave him a kick; hał-
translation

war-geřân ‫ان‬g‫ـــ‬Œ‫ وﻩرﮔـــ‬v.t. to translate; ~à

sar ... to translate into: am ktebáy
wargeřâyà sar fârsî he translated this

book into Persian; ba pishtè ~ to ~ to get up, stand up; ba pe i … hał-~
knock (s.o.) over on his back, to to carry out, execute; râ-~ to stand up,
knock down stop, stay

wárin ‫ وﻩرن‬come!, come on! (impt. pl. wastândin ‫ـﺘـﺎﻧـﺪن‬8‫ وﻩﺳـ‬wasten- ‫ـﻦ‬Œ‫ـﺘـ‬8‫ وﻩﺳـ‬v.t.

of hâtin) to stop; (2) to tire out; (3) to take
back, to get back: dabe aw qarzáy le
wařis(t) ‫ وﻩڕﺳﺖ‬fed up, exasperated wastenim I have to get that loan back
wařîn ‫ــﻦ‬a‫ وﻩڕ‬v.i. to bark: sa i hîch darkèk from him

pet nâwaře “you’re a stranger at no wawî ‫ وﻩوی‬bride, daughter-in-law
door”; hał-~ = hał-warân waz ‫ وﻩز‬down
waz‘ ‫ وﻩزع‬situation
wařs ‫ وﻩڕس‬bored wazândin ‫ وﻩزاﻧـﺪن‬wazen- ‫ـﻦ‬¤‫ وﻩز‬v.t.: dâ-~
warz ‫ وﻩرز‬tall (= barz); season of plant-
to let out/off (of vehicle)
ing and harvesting
wazârat ‫ وﻩزارﻩت‬ministry: ~ i darawa
warza ‫ وﻩرزﻩ‬height, promontory, hill
warzish ‫ وﻩرزش‬sports, exercise ministry of the interior
waset ‫ــﺖ‬Œ‫ وﻩﺳــ‬will and testament; ~-kir-
wazin ‫ وﻩزن‬pain, hurt, annoyance
din v.t. to make one’s last will wazîn ‫ــــﻦ‬a‫ وﻩز‬v.i. to blow (wind); dâ-~ to

washân ‫ وﻩﺷـــــﺎن‬washe- ‰‫ وﻩﺷـــــ‬v.i. to be get out/off (of a vehicle), to come

shaken, to be scattered; dâ-~ to be

235

SORANI KURDISH

down; (2) to lose (game); hał-~ to ‫ﮏ‬²‫ و¸ﺎﻧ‬after a short pause
jump up wiłâkh ‫خ‬Ÿ‫ و‬beast of burden
wiłâm ‫م‬Ÿ‫ = و‬walâm
wazîr ‫ــــــﺮ‬a‫ وﻩز‬vizier, minister: sarak ~ân wiłât ‫ت‬Ÿ‫ و‬country, state; homeland: ~ a

prime minister yekgirtûakân i Amerikâ the United
States of America
wâ ‫ وا‬thus
wâda ‫ وادﻩ‬appointed time, usual time win ‫ ون‬lost; ~-bûn v.i. to be lost; la
wâq ‫ واق‬mind, brain: ~im wiř-mâ my
brain spun châw ~-bûn v.i. to disappear from
sight: tâ la châw win nabet until it
wâqi‘ ‫ واﻗـــﻊ‬actuality, reality: la ~ i zhyân
zor ba dûrin they are far from the disappears from view; ~-kirdin v.t. to

reality of life lose

wârisht ‫ وارﺷﺖ‬raining wiř ‫ وڕ‬dizzy; ~-bûn/mân v.i. to spin, be
wâta ‫ واﺗﻪ‬i.e., that is to say
wâz-henân la v ‫ـــﻨـــﺎن‬²‫ واز ﻫـــ‬v.t. to leave, dizzy; ~-kirdin v.t. to make dizzy

abandon; to dissuade, persuade … not wirch ‫ ورچ‬bear
to: zor hawl dadâ bâwkî l’ am kalkalá wird ‫ ورد‬little, tiny; ~a ~a ‫ وردﻩ وردﻩ‬little

by little, slowly; ~-bûnawa v.i. to

i zhin henâná wâzbene he is trying investigate, examine closely; ~ u
hard to dissuade his father from his
wish to take a wife khâsh-kirdin ‫ـــــﺮدن‬B ‫ـــــﺎش‬L ‫ ورد و‬v.t. to
crush, smash; ~akâr ‫ وردﻩﰷر‬investi-
wâzha ‫ واژﻩ‬word; ~gal ‫ واژﻩﮔــــــﻪل‬vocabu- gator; ordered, regular; ~akârî ‫وردﻩ‬
‫ ﰷری‬investigation; order, regularity
lary wiřena-kirdin ‫ـﺮدن‬B ‫ـﻨـﻪ‬l‫ وڕ‬v.t. to talk non-

we ‫ وێ‬lighted, afire: âgir weya the fire’s sense, to talk in one’s sleep

lit; ~-kawtin v.t. to try: we kawa bizâ- wirg ‫ ورگ‬tripe
na la kweya try to find out where it is; wiřk ‫ وڕک‬childish begging, whining; ~-
~-kirdin v.t. to light: âgiraká we ka

light the fire; ~-rizân v.t. to bother, girtin la v.t. to pester
annoy: wem darize dastim le bar nâdâ
he annoys me constantly wirm ‫ ورم‬destroyed, damaged
wirsha ‫ ورﺷـــــــــﻪ‬brightness, glitter; ~dâr
weł Ç‫ــــــــ‬l‫ و‬loose, wandering, stray; mis-
‫ ورﺷﻪدار‬bright, loud in color
aimed, misfired; ~-bûn v.i. to search wiryâ p‫ ور‬clever; observant: wiryây ba
(ba dwâ i …dâ for); ~-kirdin v.t. to
let go, turn loose, cease observe it carefully

wena ‫ــﻨــﻪ‬l‫ و‬picture, image; ~gir ‫ــﻨــﻪﮔــﺮ‬l‫و‬ wirûzhân ‫ ورووژان‬v.i. to be excited (of a

photographer flock, crowd)

werâ i ‫ﺮای‬¤‫ و‬along with wis-bûn ‫ وس ﺑـــﻮون‬v.i. to be quiet: wis ba
werân ‫ﺮان‬¤‫ و‬destroyed, ruined
werân ‫ــﺮان‬¤‫ و‬were- ‫ــﺮێ‬¤‫( و‬v.t. + subj.) to be quiet!, shut up!

dare: nayawerâ bibizûetawa he didn’t wisha ‫ وﺷﻪ‬word; ~dân ‫ وﺷﻪدان‬dictionary
wishk ‫ وﺷــــﮏ‬dry; ~-bûn to stop dead in

one’s tracks: la je i khom wishk bûm I

dare budge was glued to the spot

weza ‫ﺰﻩ‬¤‫ و‬ambush, sneak attack wishtir ‫ وﺷﱰ‬camel
wezh|ân ‫ـﮋان‬¤‫ و‬wezhe- ‫ـﮋێ‬¤‫ و‬v.t. to speak, wishyâr ‫ـﻴـﺎر‬8‫ وﺷـ‬awake; ~-bûnawa v.i. to

say; ~a ‫ـﮋﻩ‬¤‫ و‬literature; ~ar ‫ـﮋﻩر‬¤‫ و‬speak- wake up, be awake
er, announcer; ~wân ‫ﮋوان‬¤‫ و‬literary
wichân ‫ و¸ــــــﺎن‬rest, pause; be~ ‫و¸ــــــﺎن‬/ wit ‫ وت‬speech; ~-u-wezh ‫ـــــﮋ‬¤‫ وت و و‬lan-
without rest; pâsh kurta ~èk ‫ـﻮ ﺗرـﻪ‬B ‫ﭘـﺎش‬
guage, speech, talk; ~-u-wezh-kirdin

v.t. to talk, to discuss; ~a ‫ وﺗـــــــــﻪ‬word,

236

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

speech; ~âr ‫ر‬c‫ و‬speech, article man
witin ‫ـــــﻦ‬Ž‫ و‬łe- ‰‫ـــــ‬T ba v.t. to say to, tell:
yek ‫ ﯾـــــــﻪک‬one: ~e l’ awân one of them;
pe’m wit I told him; ~awa to repeat
~èkyân one of them; each other; dânà
witrân ‫ــﺮان‬Ž‫ و‬witre- ‫ــﺮێ‬Ž‫ و‬v.p. to be said; ~ v.t. to throw together; har ~ay each
one of them; hâtinà ~ to collapse, to
~ ba to be called: Hama’y pe dawitre

he is called Hama go to pieces; ~-girtin v.i. to unite; ~ la
dwâ i ~ one after another, successive:
witû ‫ وﺗـﻮو‬iron; ~-kirdin v.t. to iron; ~chî rizhem a yekladwâiyekakân i ‘erâq
‫ ﮐـﺘـﻮوﭼـﯽ‬ironer, cleaner; ~kirâw ‫ـﺮاو‬B‫وﺗـﻮو‬ successive regimes in Iraq; ~-khistin
v.t. to unite
ironed
-yèk ‫( ﯾـــــﻪک‬indef. encl. after vowels) = -
wiza ‫ وزﻩ‬power, ability
wîrd ‫ـــﺮد‬a‫ و‬charm, incantation; ~-khwen- èk

din to recite an incantation yekatî ‫ ﯾـــﻪﮐـــﻪﰏ‬union: yekatî i sovyet the

wîst ‫ و§ﺴﺖ‬will Soviet Union
wîstin ‫ و§ـــــﺴـــــﱳ‬we- ‫( وێ‬v.t., pres. tense
yekdang ‫ﮓ‬s‫ ﯾﻪﮐﺪﻩر‬unanimous(ly)
‫( دﻩﻣـــــﻪوێ‬d)amawe, ‫( دﻩﺗـــــﻪوێ‬d)atawe, yekè ‰‫ ﯾﻪﮐ‬la one of
&c., or ‫ ـﻢ دﻩوێ‬-im (d)awe, ‫ ـﺖ دﻩوێ‬-it yekèk ‫ــﮏ‬²‫ ﯾــﻪﮐــ‬someone, anyone who (+

(d)awe, &c.) to want; pe-~ to be subj)
necessary
yeketî ‫ﱴ‬²‫ = ﯾﻪﮐ‬yekatî
wurd ‫ = وورد‬wird yekgirtû ‫ ﯾـﻪﮐـﮕـ ﺗﺮـﻮو‬united: natawa yekgir-
wutuwezh-kirdin lagał ‫ﮔـﻪڵ‬v ‫ـﺮدن‬B ‫ـﮋ‬a‫ووﺗـﻮو‬
tûakân the United Nations
v.t. to converse, hold talks with
yekjâr ‫ـﺎر‬í‫ ﯾـﻪ'ـ‬at once, altogether; ~î last,
wutin ‫ﻦ‬Ž‫ = وو‬witin
wutû ‫ = ووﺗﻮو‬witû final

yakha ‫ـﻪ‬L‫ ﯾـﻪ‬collar: dastyân dâyà yakha i yekkhistin ‫ ﯾﻪ'ﺨﺴﱳ‬unification
yeksar ‫ﺴﻪر‬B‫ ﯾﻪ‬immediately, right away
yek they grabbed each other by the yeksân ‫ـﺴـﺎن‬B‫ ﯾـﻪ‬alike, identical; ~î identi-

collar; ~-girtin ‫ــﻦ‬Ž‫ــﻪ ﮔــﺮ‬L‫ ﯾــﻪ‬v.t. to lay cality

hands on, get hold of, trap: ~’y girtim yekshamma ‫ ﯾﻪ'ﺸﻪﳑﻪ‬Sunday
she trapped me yektir ‫ ﯾﻪﮐﱰ‬each other, one another
yekudû ‫ــﻮدوو‬B‫ ﯾــﻪ‬without pause, straight-
yaqa ‫ = ﯾﻪﻗﻪ‬yakha
yâd ‫د‬p memory; henânà ~ ‫د‬p ‫ــﻨــﺎﻧــﻪ‬²‫ ﻫــ‬to away

call to mind, remember; ~agâr ‫دﻩﮔــــﺎر‬p yen- ‫ﻦ‬Œ‫ ﯾ‬see henân
yeshân ‫ـﺸـﺎن‬Œ‫ ﯾـ‬yesh- ‫ـﺶ‬Œ‫( ﯾـ‬v.i.&t.) to hurt:
memory, souvenir, memento; ~âwar
sarim ayeshâ I had a headache
‫داوﻩر‬p reminder
yâkhud ‫ﺧﻮد‬p or zabalâḥ ‫ زﻩﺑﻪﻻح‬huge, enormous
yân ‫ن‬p or zabr ‫ زﻩ–ﺮ‬blow, force, strength
yâna ‫ﻧﻪ‬p club zabûn ‫ زﻩﺑـــــــــــﻮون‬miserable, helpless; ~î
yâr ‫ر‬p friend
yârałmâsî ‫ﲈﳻ‬T‫رﻩ‬p potato ‫ زﻩﺑﻮوﱏ‬misery, helplessness
yârî ‫ری‬p play, game; ~-kirdin ‫ـــﺮدن‬B ‫ری‬p zaḥmat ‫ زﻩﲪﻪت‬trouble, difficulty
za’îf ‫ زﻩﻋـﻴـﻒ‬thin; lâm i ~ ‫ ﻻﱉ زﻩﻋـﻴـﻒ‬the
v.t. to play; ~kar ‫ﮑﻪر‬a‫ر‬p player
yârîda ‫رﯾﺪﻩ‬p help, assistance liquid l
yârmatî ‫رﻣـﻪﰏ‬p help; ~-dân ‫رﻣـﻪﰏ دان‬p v.t.
zalâm ‫ زﻩﻻم‬big, large; fellow
to help zalîl ‫ زﻩﻟﻴﻞ‬wretched, downcast
zamân ‫ زﻩﻣﺎن‬time
yâsâ ‫ﺳـﺎ‬p law, statute; ~wil ‫ﺳـﺎول‬p police-

237

SORANI KURDISH

zamâwin ‫ زﻩﻣـــﺎون‬, zamâwand ‫زﻩﻣـــﺎوﻩﻧـــﺪ‬ i ~ Ministry of Education

wedding; ~-kirdin v.t. to wed zâr1 ‫ زار‬mouth: zârim bû ba tala i taqîw
I was left speechless; dam-u-~ ‫دﻩم و‬
zambar ‫ﻪر‬m‫ زﻩﻣ‬ornament ‫ زار‬mouth
zamîn ‫ زﻩﻣﲔ‬earth, globe
zand ‫ زﻩﻧﺪ‬forearm zâr2 ‫ زار‬miserable; la ~î in misery
zang ‫ﮓ‬s‫ زﻩ‬bell zârâwa ‫ زاراوﻩ‬accent, dialect; zârawagal
zangał ‫ﮕﻪڵ‬s‫ = زﻩ‬zargal
zangî ‫ﮕﯽ‬s‫ زﻩ‬black ‫ زاراوﻩﮔﻪل‬dialect bundle
zangîn ‫ﮕﲔ‬s‫ زﻩ‬rich zârawok ‫ زارﻩوۆک‬dialect, accent
zaq ‫ زﻩق‬outstanding zârik ‫ زارک‬mouth, opening
zař ‫ زﻩڕ‬gold; ~angar goldsmith zârola v‫ زارۆ‬child
zarâ’at ‫ زﻩرا`ﻪت‬agriculture zât ‫ زات‬being, personage; courage, dar-
zard ‫ زﻩرد‬yellow, blond; ~awâla v‫زﻩردﻩوا‬
ing; ~ i … bûn to dare to (do some-
wasp, hornet; ~hałgařâw ‫ـﮕـﻪڕاو‬T‫زﻩردﻫـﻪ‬ thing): ley datirsân u zât i nizzîk
bûnawayân nabû they were afraid of

yellowed him and didn’t dare get near
zardakhana ‫ــﻪﻧــﻪ‬L‫ زﻩردﻩ‬smile; ~-girtin, - zâwâ ‫ زاوا‬husband, in-law; father’s sis-
kirdin v.t. to smile ter’s husband; daughter’s husband;
sister’s husband
zargał ‫ زﻩرﮔﻪڵ‬leggings
zařîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ زﻩڕ‬wasp zâyała ‫ﻪ‬T‫ زاﯾﻪ‬echo
zarkî ‫ زﻩرﰽ‬jaundice, hepatitis zâye ‫ زاﯾﻪ‬lost; ~-bûn to be lost
zarq ‫ زﻩرق‬glitter, glimmer; ~î glittering, zâyinî ‫ زاﯾـــﲎ‬, zâyînî ‫ زاﯾـــ›ـــﲎ‬A.D.: sada i
bright nozdaham i ~ the 19th century A.D.

zarra ‫ زﻩررﻩ‬particle, atom zelkâw ‫ﻠﲀو‬l‫ ز‬marsh
zawî(n) ‫ﻦ‬a‫ زﻩو‬،‫ زﻩوی‬earth, ground, floor zeř g¤‫ ز‬gold; ~în ‫ﻦ‬ag¤‫ ز‬golden
zawîr ‫ــــﺮ‬a‫ زﻩو‬angry; ~ bûn la to be angry zhahr ‫ ژﻩﻫـﺮ‬poison; ~âwî ‫ ژﻩﻫـﺮاوی‬poison-
with ous; ~âwî-kirdin v.t. to poison

zawq ‫ زﻩوق‬taste; ~î ‫ زﻩوﰵ‬happiness zham ‫ ژﻩم‬meal
zawt-kirdin ‫ﺮدن‬B ‫ زﻩوت‬v.t. to usurp zhaman ‫ ژﻩﻣﻪن‬sustenance
zân ‫ زان‬ze- ‫ زێ‬v.i. to be born; to be col- zhandin ‫ ژﻩﻧـﺪن‬v.t. to rub, stick (s.th. into
lected (liquid), to well up: châwim s.th. else); hał-~ ditto: har dû dast’î

firmeskî te zâ tears welled up in my hałzhandà khwen i azhdîhâká’dâ she

eyes; âw zâyà dammân we’re drool- rubbed both hands in the dragon’s

ing (in anticipation) blood

zân|â ‡‫ زا‬learned; ~ist ‫ـﺴـﺖ‬ë‫ زا‬knowledge, zhang ‫ــﮓ‬s‫ ژﻩ‬rust, verdigris; ~ le-dân v.t.
learning; ~istga ‫ـﺘـﮕـﻪ‬8‫ـﺴـ‬ë‫زا‬, ~istgâ ‫ـﺘـﮕـﺎ‬8‫ـﺴـ‬ë‫زا‬
university; ~istî ‫ــﱴ‬8‫ــﺴــ‬ë‫ زا‬teaching, in- to rust, get rusty
struction; ~în ‫ زاﻧـــــــــــــﲔ‬zân- ‫ زان‬v.t. to
zhân ‫ ژان‬pain, illness; ~-kirdin v.t. to
hurt, be painful; ~asar ‫ ژاﻧـــﻪﺳـــﻪر‬head-
know: wâ bizânim as I believe, I think ache

(so); wâ’m zânî gâlta’m dagal dakâ I zhândin ‫ ژاﻧــــــﺪن‬zhen- ‫ــــــﻦ‬¤‫ ژ‬v.t.: râ-~ to
thought he was joking with me; ~în shake, rock

zân- ba v.t. to consider as; ~rân ‫ــﺮان‬s‫زا‬ zhânpon ‫ ژاﻧﭙﯚن‬Japan
zânre- ‫ـﺮێ‬s‫ زا‬v.p. to be known, discov- zhâr ‫ ژار‬poor, miserable; poison; ~-dân
ered; ~râw ‫ـــــــﺮاو‬s‫ زا‬discovery, finding;
~yâr ‫ زاﻧــــــﻴــــــﺎر‬learned, erudite; ~yârî v.t. to poison
‫ زاﻧـﻴـﺎری‬knowledge, education: wazârat
zher ‫ــــــــــﺮ‬¤‫ ژ‬under, beneath; la ~ …awa

from beneath, secretly; la ~ …dâ

238

SORANI–ENGLISH VOCABULARY

under back to life; ~agânî ‫ ﻧزـﺪﻩﮔـﺎﱏ‬animation,
liveliness; ~awar ‫ ﻧزـــــﺪﻩوﻩر‬animal, liv-
zhimâra ‫ ژﻣﺎرﻩ‬number, issue
zhimârdin ‫ ژﻣـــﺎردن‬zhimer- ‫ـــﺮ‬Œ‫ ژﻣـــ‬v.t. to ing creature

count; ~ ba to consider as zinjîr ‫ زﳒﲑ‬chain
ziř ‫ زڕ‬barren tree; fart; step-; ~birâ ‫زڕ–ــــﺮا‬
zhimerrân ‫ـــــﺮران‬Œ‫ ژﻣـــــ‬v.p. to be counted,
step-brother; ~khwishk ‫ زڕﺧـﻮﺷـﮏ‬step-
reckoned
sister
zhin ‫ ژن‬woman, wife; ~-henân v.t. to
zirânî ‫ زراﱏ‬knee
get married (of a man), to take a wife; zirâw ‫ زراو‬gall, courage; ~toqîn ‫زراوﺗــﯚﻗــﲔ‬

~brâ ‫ ﻧژــــــــﱪا‬wife’s brother; ~î ‫ ژﱏ‬wo-
manhood galling
zhinawtin ‫ـﻦ‬Ž‫ ﻧژـﻪو‬zhinaw- ‫ ﻧژـﻪو‬v.t. to hear, ziringân ‫ـﮕـﺎن‬s‫ زر‬ziringe- ‰‫ـﮕـ‬s‫ زر‬v.i to ring;
~awa ‫ﮕﺎﻧﻪوﻩ‬s‫ زر‬to reverberate
listen to
zirma ‫ زرﻣﻪ‬explosion, blast
zhîkała ‫ﻪ‬T‫ﮑﻪ‬a‫ ژ‬cute, darling zirtaboz ‫ ز ﺗرﻪﺑﯚز‬crooked old man
zhîla(mo) (‫)ﻣﯚ‬ƒ‫ ژﯾ‬ember under ashes zistân ‫ﺘﺎن‬8‫ زﺳ‬winter
zhîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ ژ‬life; ~azhân ‫ ژﯾﻨﻪژان‬life ziwân ‫ = زوان‬zimân
zhîshik ‫ ژ§ﺸﮏ‬hedgehog ziyâ p‫ ز‬much, more; ~tir la v ‫ـــﺮ‬Žp‫ ز‬more
zhûr ‫ ژوور‬room; upward direction; la
than
~awa ‫ژوورﻩوﻩ‬v inside; ~è ‫ ژوورێ‬inside;
baraw~ la v ‫ ﺑــــــــــﻪرﻩوژوور‬on the other ziyâd ‫د‬p‫ ز‬much; ~î increase; ~tir la
side of more than; ~-kirdin v.t. to add
zhûrû ‫ ژووروو‬north ziyâfat ‫ﻓﻪت‬p‫ ز‬banquet
zhûzhû ‫ ژووژوو‬hedgehog ziyân ‫ن‬p‫ ز‬damage, loss
zhwânga ‫ﮕﻪ‬s‫ ژوا‬meeting place zîlamo ‫ﻣﯚ‬ƒ‫ = زﯾ‬zhîlamo
zhyân ‫ن‬p‫ ژ‬life; ~dostî ‫ـﱴ‬8‫ﻧـﺪۆﺳـ‬p‫ ژ‬love of zît ‫ زﯾﺖ‬clever
zîn ‫ﻦ‬a‫ ز‬saddle
life zînawar ‫ زﯾﻨﻪوﻩر‬alive, living thing
zînd- ‫ زﯾﻨﺪ‬see zind-
zhyân ‫ن‬p‫ ژ‬zhî- ‫ ژی‬v.i. to live; bízhî … zîndân ‫ زﯾﻨﺪان‬prison
zîndû ‫ = زﯾﻨﺪوو‬zindû
long live … zîqândin ‫ زﯾـــﻘـــﺎﻧـــﺪن‬zîqen- ‫ـــﻦ‬Œ‫ زﯾـــﻘـــ‬v.t. to

zhyâr ‫ر‬p‫ ژ‬urban life scream
zibân ‫ = ز¶ن‬zimân
zibr ‫ ز–ﺮ‬rough, coarse zîrak ‫ﺮﻩک‬a‫ ز‬clever
zig ‫ = زگ‬sik zîz ‫ﺰ‬a‫ ز‬unhappy, angry
zigmâk ‫ زﮔـــﲈک‬congenital, native: zwân i zmân1 ‫ = زﻣﺎن‬zabân
zmân2 ‫ = زﻣﺎن‬zimân
~im my native language zoł ‫ زۆڵ‬bastard
zor1 ‫ زۆر‬force; ~-henân bo v.t. to apply
zik ‫ = زک‬sik
zikmâk ‫ = زﮐﲈک‬zigmâk force to; ~-kirdin la kho- v.t. to force
zil ‫ زل‬large in body, huge oneself, try hard (+ subj., to do s.th.);
zilâm ‫ = زﻻم‬zalâm
zilla ò‫ ز‬slap; ~-sirawândin v.t. to slap ~dâr ‫ زۆردار‬forceful, cruel, oppres-
zimân ‫ زﻣـﺎن‬tongue, language; ~bad ‫زﻣـﺎﻧـﺒـﻪد‬ sive; ~dârî ‫ زۆرداری‬cruelty, oppres-
sion; piř~ ‫زۆر‬gº strong, forceful
foul-mouthed, ill-speaking; ~wân zor2 ‫ زۆر‬very; a lot, much; …èk i ~

‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻮان‬linguist
zindâna ‫ ﻧزﺪاﻧﻪ‬prison
zind|û ‫ ﻧزـﺪوو‬alive; ba ~ûî ‫ ﺑـﻪ ﻧزـﺪووﰃ‬alive:
ba zindûî darhenrâ he was taken out many: shitèk i zor many things; ~’î pe

alive; ba ~ heshtinawa v.t. to bring nachû before long, it wasn’t long be-

239

SORANI KURDISH

fore zuřnâ ‡‫ زوڕ‬clarion
zurûf ‫ زورووف‬circumstances
zorân ‫ زۆران‬wrestling; ~-girtin v.t. to zû ‫ زوو‬early, soon; ba ~î quickly, fast
zûr ‫ زوور‬rough, coarse
wrestle zwân1 ‫ = زوان‬zimân tongue, language;

zorba ‫ زۆرﺑــــﻪ‬large quantity; majority; ~ i ~nâs ‫ زواﻧـﻨـﺎس‬linguist; ~nâsî ‫ زواﻧـﻨـﺎﳻ‬lin-
guistic, linguistics; shewa~ ‫ــﻮﻩزوان‬²‫ــ‬8‫ﺷــ‬
zor i the vast majority of dialect

zorzân ‫ زۆرزان‬clever; ~î cleverness
zozân ‫ زۆزان‬mountainous region, sum-
mer pasturage
zubân ‫ = زو¶ن‬zimân zwân2 ‫ زوان‬time: b’ am ~á at this time
zulm ‫ زوﱂ‬injustice, tyranny; ~lekrâw ‫زوﱂ‬ zwel ‫ﻞ‬l‫ زو‬garbage
zwer ‫ﺮ‬¤‫ زو‬angry
‫ﮑﺮاو‬²‫ ﻟ‬oppressed zwîr ‫ﺮ‬a‫ = زو‬zwer
zuřât ‫ زوڕات‬corn
zurba ‫ = زورﺑﻪ‬zorba

240

General Index

‘Able, be’ §21 §12.1
Adjectives, attributive §5; compara-
Orthographic peculiarities §41
tive §13; with definite nouns §8;
superlative §13; synopsis §9 Participles, past passive §34.1; per-
Alphabet, pp. 4–7 fect active §28
Bîr §22
Calendar §12.3 Phonology, pp. 1–3
Circumpositions §14
Conditionals §19(5), §32(a), §33 Possession §6
Conjunctions, subordinating §38
Copulas §15 Postpositions §14
Days of the week §12.2
Demonstratives §4 Prepositions §14, preposed pronom-
Directionals §40 inal prepositional complements
-è §40 §14.1; possessive pronouns dis-
Ergativity §27, §27.1 placed by preposed prepositional
‘Have’ §16 complements §27.4
-îsh §11
Izâfa §6, §7 Pronouns, agent affixes §27, as
Months §12.3 logical objects of past transitive
Moods, irrealis §32 verbs §27.2; personal §10; pos-
Noun, absolute state §1; definite sessive §10.1; preposed pronom-
state §3; indefinite state §2; plural inal complements §14.1; preposi-
nouns with attributive adjectives tional complements with agent af-
§8; postposed verbal comple- fixes §27.3; possessive pronouns
ments §35; synopsis of states §9 displaced by preposed preposi-
Numbers, cardinal §12, ordinal tional complements §27.4; pro-
nominal objects of verbs §23

Relative clauses §39

‘Remember’ §22

South Sorani §27.1

Stress, p. 3

Temporal duration §37

Twânîn §21

163

SORANI KURDISH

Verbs, factitive §36; imperative perfect tense §29, §29.1; present

§24; irrealis mood §32; in -awa subjunctive §19; simple past §25;

§18; passive voice §34; past con- §27

ditional §33; past habitual/pro- Vowel contractions §42
gressive (intransitive) §26; past ‘Want’ §20
passive participle §34.1; past per- Wîstin §20
fect tense §30, §30.1; present ha- -yatî §15, §29.1
bitual/progressive §17; present

164