graphic layout saupi

CREATIVE
THINKING

T heories of creativity (particularly investigation self-organizing, self-mending nature of a worldview. The
of why some people are more creative than creative process is a way in which the individual hones
others) have focused on a variety of aspects. The (and re-hones) an integrated worldview. Honing theory
places emphasis not only on the externally visible creative
dominant factors are usually identified as "the outcome but also the internal cognitive restructuring and
repair of the worldview brought about by the creative
four Ps" — process, product, person, and place (according process. When faced with a creatively demanding task,
there is an interaction between the conception of the task
to Mel Rhodes).A focus on process is shown in cognitive and the worldview. The conception of the task changes
through interaction with the worldview, and the worldview
approaches that try to describe thought mechanisms and changes through interaction with the task. This interaction is
reiterated until the task is complete, at which point not only
techniques for creative thinking. Theories invoking divergent is the task conceived of differently, but the worldview is
subtly or drastically transformed as it follows the natural
rather than convergent thinking (such as Guilford), or those tendency of a worldview to attempt to resolve dissonance
and seek internal consistency amongst its components,
describing the staging of the creative process (such as whether they be ideas, attitudes, or bits of knowledge.

Wallas) are primarily theories of creative process. A focus on A central feature of honing theory is the notion of a
potentiality state. Honing theory posits that creative
creative product usually appears in attempts to measure thought proceeds not by searching through and randomly
‘mutating’ predefined possibilities, but by drawing upon
creativity (psychometrics, see below) and in creative associations that exist due to overlap in the distributed
neural cell assemblies that participate in the encoding of
ideas framed as successful memes. The psychometric experiences in memory. Midway through the creative
process one may have made associations between the
approach to creativity reveals that it also involves the ability

to produce more. A focus on the nature of the creative person

considers more general intellectual habits, such

as openness, levels of ideation, autonomy, expertise,

exploratory behavior, and so on. A focus on place considers

the circumstances in which creativity flourishes, such as

degrees of autonomy, access to resources, and the nature

of gatekeepers. Creative lifestyles are characterized by

nonconforming attitudes and behaviors as well as flexibility

Honing theory, developed principally by psychologist
Liane Gabora, posits that creativity arises due to the

HELPING YOU LOOK
AT PROBLEMS

AND SITUATIONS
FROM A FRESH
PERSPECTIVE.

current task and previous experiences, but not yet Lin and Vartanian developed a
disambiguated which aspects of those previous
experiences are relevant to the current task. Thus framework that provides an
the creative idea may feel ‘half-baked’. It is at that
point that it can be said to be in a potentiality state, integrative neurobiological descrip-
because how it will actualize depends on the differ-
ent internally or externally generated contexts it tion of creative cognition.[57] This interdis-
interacts with.
ciplinary framework integrates theoretical principles
Honing theory is held to explain certain phenome-
na not dealt with by other theories of creativity, for and empirical results from neuroeconomics, reinforce-
example, how different works by the same creator
are observed in studies to exhibit a recognizable ment learning, cognitive neuroscience, and neuro-
style or 'voice' even though in different creative
outlets. This is not predicted by theories of creativ- transmission research on the locus coeruleus system.
ity that emphasize chance processes or the accu-
mulation of expertise, but it is predicted by honing It describes how decision-making processes studied
theory, according to which personal style reflects
the creator's uniquely structured worldview. by neuroeconomists as well as activity in the locus
Another example is in the environmental stimulus
for creativity. Creativity is commonly considered to coeruleus system underlie creative cognition and the
be fostered by a supportive, nurturing, trustworthy
environment conducive to self-actualization. How- large-scale brain network dynamics associated with
ever, research shows that creativity is also associ-
ated with childhood adversity, which would stimu- creativity.[58] It suggests that creativity is an optimiza-
late honing.
tion and utility-maximization problem that requires

individuals to determine the optimal way to exploit and

explore ideas (multi-armed bandit problem). This utility

maximization process is thought to be mediated by the

locus coeruleus system[59] and this creativity frame-

work describes how tonic and phasic locus coerulues

activity work in conjunction to facilitate the exploiting

and exploring of creative ideas. This framework not

only explains previous empirical results but also

makes novel and falsifiable predictions at different

levels of analysis (ranging from neurobiological to cog-

nitive and personality differences).