Microsoft PowerPoint - Chap 02 - Motherboard and Power Supply.pptx

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Computer Hardware



Management and



Services









Exclusively for you by Syed Ardi Bin Syed Yahya Kamal

Motherboard and



Power Supply



Chapter 2

Agenda 01 Intro to Motherboard


Important motherboard parts include the following: processor, RAM

L e a r n a b o u t … slots, RAM, expansion slots (PCI, PCI-X, PCIe, and AGP), and
cooling devices



02 Components



Discuss the components on the motherboard and its functions.






03 Contents


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04 Contents


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Motherboard












Also called mainboard, main circuit board, system board, baseboard,
planar board, logic board and mobo
Main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and
other expandable systems
It holds, and allows communication between, many of the crucial
electronic components of a system, such as the central processing
unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other
peripherals

Motherboard means specifically a PCB with expansion capabilities








The term Logic board is brand specific, coined by Apple in
the early 1980s for the motherboards in Macintosh
computers

Slot in Motherboard










Sound Card Network Interface TV Tuner Card
Expansion card that Card A kind of television
provides input and Expansion card that tuner that allows
output of audio signals connects a computer to television signals to be
to and from a computer a computer network received by a computer
under control of
computer programs


















Video Card Hard Drive USB and FireWire
Expansion card which Electro-mechanical Establishes
generates a feed of data storage device specifications for
output images to a that uses magnetic cables and connectors
display device (such as storage to store and and protocols for
a computer monitor) retrieve digital data connection

What’s on the Motherboard












PCI Express Slot Socket 775 Connector










PCI Slot Back Panel Connector











Memory Slot CMOS Battery

The Functions











CMOS (complementary
metal-oxide-
semiconductor) is a chip
on the motherboard that
The back panel is the
portion of the contains BIOS
motherboard that allows configuration, date, time
A memory slot or RAM and other information
slot is what allows you to connect external that the computer needs
A PCI slot is a built-in computer memory devices, such as your during start-up.
monitor, speakers,
slot on a device that (RAM) chip/stick to be Also known as Socket T, keyboard, and mouse.
allows for the inserted into the is an Intel desktop CPU
attachment of various computer. Depending socket.
hardware components on the motherboard,
such as network cards, there will usually be 2 to CMOS BATTERY
modems, sound cards, 4 memory slots.
disk controllers and BACK PANEL
other peripherals. CONNECTOR
SOCKET 755
CONNECTOR
MEMORY SLOT

PCI SLOT

TYPES OF
Motherboards come in different sizes, known as form factors.

MOTHERBOARD
The most common motherboard form factor is ATX.
The case used for a computer must match the motherboard
form factor. Some cases can accommodate different form
factors, but you should always check.











Tech Tip: The
motherboard form
factor and case must

match










The Evolution

Processor












The


OVERVIEW












At the heart of every computer is a special motherboard chip
called the processor, which determines, to a great extent,
the power of the computer.

The processor is also called the central processing unit (CPU)
or microprocessor.

The processor executes instructions, performs calculations,
and coordinates input/output operations.

The major processor manufacturers today are Intel, Motorola,
VIA, Samsung, NVIDIA, Apple Inc., Qualcomm, and AMD
(Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.).

Intel Evolution










ATOM PENTIUM CORE i5
Mobile Internet device Single- or dual-core Midrange dual- and
processor desktop/laptop quad-core processor.
processor for general Used for video, photos,
computing and email, and Internet
access




















CELERON CORE i3 CORE i7
Entry-level desktop or Low-end desktop and Good for virtualization,
mobile device mobile processor used graphic/multimedia
processor for general for common tasks such design and creation,
computing as word processing and and gaming
Internet access

AMD Evolution









Turion II Sempron APU/Mobile Phenom II

Single- or dual-core Lower-cost, low noise, Multi-core (2, 3, 4, or 6
notebook processor low heat cores in a single
desktop/notebook package) high-end
processor for basic desktop for HD support,
productivity in a home multimedia creation
theatre computer and editing, gaming,
and virtualization

















A-series APU/Mobile Athlon II/Mobile/ and FX
Multi-core (2-, 3-, or 4- Athlon APU Multi-core (4-, 6-, or 8-
core) high-performance Multi-core (2-, 3-, or 4- core) high-performance
processor with core) desktop/mobile desktop processor
integrated GPU processor for
productivity, photos,
and music

CPU Sockets












The


OVERVIEW












A processor inserts into a socket or slot, depending on the model.

Most processors today insert into a socket.

There are different types of sockets:

 Pin Grid Array (PGA), which has even rows of holes around a square socket
 Staggered Pin Grid Array (SPGA), which has staggered holes so more pins can
be inserted;
 Plastic Pin Grid Array (PPGA);
 Micro Pin Grid Array (µPGA);
 Flip Chip Ball Grid Array (FCBGA);
 Land Grid Array (LGA) are all used with either AMD and/or Intel processors

Processor Cooling












The


OVERVIEW
















Heat Sink
A block of metal (usually aluminium or copper), metal bars, or metal fins that attach
to the top of the processor or other motherboard components.
Heat from the processor is transferred to the heat sink and then blown away by the
air flow throughout the computer case.

Fan
Fans can be attached to the processor, beside the processor, and in the case.

Expansion Slots












The


Overview










If a computer is to be useful, the CPU must communicate
with the outside world, including other motherboard
components and adapters plugged into the motherboard.

An expansion slot is used to add an adapter to the
motherboard.

It has rules that control how many bits can be transferred at
a time to the adapter, what signals are sent over the
adapter’s gold connectors, and how the adapter is
configured

Expansion slots used in PCs are usually some form of PCI
(Peripheral Component Interconnect), AGP (Accelerated
Graphics Port), or PCIe (PCI Express).

Chipsets












The


Overview











The principal chips on the motherboard that work in
conjunction with the processor are known collectively
as a chipset.

These allow certain features on the computer. For
example, chipsets control the maximum amount of
motherboard memory, the type of RAM chips, the
motherboard’s capacity for two or more CPUs, and
whether the motherboard supports the latest version of
PCIe.

The chipset is a square integrated circuit and looks
similar to a processor. You normally can’t see this
because the chipset is soldered to the motherboard
and commonly covered with a heat sink.

Power Supply












Abbreviated as PS or P/S, a power supply or PSU (power supply unit)
is a hardware component of a computer that supplies all other
components with power
The power supply converts a 110-115 or 220-230 volt AC (alternating
current) into a steady low-voltage DC (direct current) usable by the
computer and rated by the number of watts it generates

AT and ATX are the two types of power supplies that can be installed in
any PC
All power supplies share a number of common features such as the
power connection, motherboard power, power switch, peripheral
connections, and the fan






The ATX form factor motherboard, with its unique ATX
power supply, dominates today’s systems

Location in a computer?












The


Answer…











The power supply is located at the back of the
computer, usually at the top.

However, many more recent tower computer cases
house the power supply at the bottom back of the
case.

In a desktop computer case (all-in-one), the power
supply is located at the back left or back right.

What


parts found



on the back of



a power



supply?









 A connection for the power cord to the computer.

 A fan opening to heat out of the power supply.

 A red switch to change the power supply voltage.

 A rocker switch to turn the power supply on and off.

What


parts found



on the back of



a power



supply?




On the front of the power
supply, which is not visible
unless the computer is opened,
you find several cables.



 Auxiliary connector

 Berg connector

 Molex connector

 P4 connector

What



parts found on



inside a power


supply?

















 A rectifier that converts AC (alternating current) into DC.

 A filter that smooths out the DC (direct current) coming from
a rectifier.

 A transformer that controls the incoming voltage by
stepping it up or down.


 A voltage regulator that controls the DC output, allowing the
correct amount of power, volts or watts, to be supplied to
the computer hardware.

What items are powered by the


computer Power Supply?










Power that powerful…






Everything contained in the computer chassis is powered by the power supply.

For example, the motherboard, RAM, CPU, hard drive, disc drives, and most video
cards (if the computer has one) are all drawing power from the power supply.

Any other external devices and peripherals, such as the computer monitor and
printer, have a power source or draw power over the data cable like some USB devices.

Do you have any



question…




FAQ







Do self reading and explore..

The more you read.. the more you’ll be surprise…

THANK YOU






For your kind attention…