कक्षा ११ को पाठ्यक्रम मा आधारित ऐच्छिकबिषयको विशिष्ठिकरण तालिका प्रश्नपत्र सहित

& /fli6o« cGt{/fli6o« vn] x¿ !* !@ ! ! - ! !

* vn] sb' sf] cfof]hgf !) ^ - ---

( =;fwf/0f / :yfgLo v]nx¿ % # ! - - ! -

hDdf cªs\ ef/ !@) &% # @ ##

j|m=;= k|Zgsf] k|sf/ kZ| g ;ª\Vof kl| t kZ| g
! w]/} 5f6] f] k|Zg !! !
@ 5f6] f] k|Zg
# nfdf] k|Zg * %
# *
hDdf @@

bi| 6JoM

 k|Zgkq lgdf{0f ubf{ tf]lsPsf PsfO{x?sf c+sef/df km/s gkg]{ u/L k
 ;fdfGotof 1fg txsf kZ| g @) kl| tzt, afw] txsf kZ| g #) k|ltzt,
 pRr bIftfcGtu{t ljZni] f0f, d"Nof+sg / l;hg{ f /xg] u/L kZ| g lgdf{0f
 PsfO $,^, / & jf6 df bO' { cf]6f cltl/St 5f6] f] k|Zgx? Pjd PsfO{ @

tfl] sPsf] tx / :t/sf] x'gk' g5]{

- - - - - - - @ @ - @ !) - $ !@
- ! ! -- - - ! ! - ! % - @ ^
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cªs\ ef/ hDdf cªs\ ef/ ;do -ldg6] _
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!*) ldg6] -# 306f_

kZ| g ;f]Wg' kg]5{ .
, k|of]u txsf kZ| g @% kl| tzt / pRr bIftf txsf kZ| g @% k|ltzt ;fl] wg] 5 .
f ug'k{ g]{ 5 .
@,# / % jf6 Pp6f / nfdf] cltl/St k|Zg ;fW] g' kg{]5 . lt kZ| gx? uL| 8d}

251

:jf:Yo / zf/Ll/s lzIff (Optional Health and Physical Education)

gd"gfk|Zgkq (Model Question Paper)

sIff(Class) M !!(11)

k0" ffª{ \s (F.M.) M &% (75) ;do(Time)M # 306f (3hr.)

;d"x s (Group ''A''! x !!= !!

sg} !! cf]6f kZ| gx?sf]clt ;ª\lIfKtpTt/lbgx' f;] \ (Answer the any 11 Questions in very short)
!= zf/Ll/s tGb?' :tLeg]sf] s] xf]<

What is physical fitness? (K)

!= ;"o{ gd:sf/sf] klxnf] l:yltsf] cEof; tkfO{+ s;/L ug'{ x'G5 <

Write a way to practice the first position of suryanamaskar. (A)

#= sfaf{ ]xfO8]«6;\ sf] cefjdf bl] vg] sg' } dV' o bO' {cf6] f :jf:Yo ;d:ofx? s] xg' < .

Write down two main health problems that appear to be due to lack of

carbohydrates. (U)

$= xfd|f] hLjgzn} L :j:y xg' k' 5{ < lsg, Ps jfSodf n]Vgx' f;] .<

Why should our lifestyle be healthy? Write in one sentence (HA)

%= dlxgfjf/Lsf] ;dodf ckgfpg' kg{] sg' } Ps ;'/lIft Jojxf/ n]Vg'xf;] \ .

Write a safety behavior that can be adopted during menstruation. (A)

^= blIf0f Pl;ofnLv]nsb" dxf;‹sf] :yfkgfslxn] ePsf] xf] <

When was South Asian Sports Federation established? (K)

&= cGt/f{ li6«o vn] sfsg' } b'O{ cf6] f dxTj n]Vg'xf];\

Write any two importance of International Games. (U)

*= bzcf]6f l6dsf] gscfp6 6fOl;6lgdf{0f ubf{ sltcf]6f l6dnfO{ afO{ lbOG5<

How many byes are given to ten teams in constructing Knock out Tie sheet (Fixture)?

(A)

(= ;fwf/0f vn] sf] sg' } Ps dxTj nVg'xf]; .

What any one importance of the local games? (K)

!)= tkfOs+{ f] ufp3F /df v]lng] s'g} Ps :yfgLo v]nsf] klxrfg ul/ To;sf] sg' } Ps

ljifz] tf nV] g'xf]; .

Identify any one local game played to your locality and write one feature of its. (U)

252

!!= :yflgo vn] sf] kj| {4g ug{sf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ s'g} Ps pkfo nV] gx' f]; .

Write any one ways to promote the local game. (A)

;dx" v Group B
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ªlIfKtpQ/ lbgx' f];\ . % X * = +$)

Answer the following questions in short.

!@= dfgj hLjgdf :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIffsf] cfjZostfnfO{ pbfx/0f ;lxt k|i6
ugx{' f]; .

Clearify the need of health and physical education in human life with examples.

!#= g]kfndf ;+rflnt vfk] sfos{ |dsf] ke| fjsfl/tf ;DjGwdf cfkm\gf tsx{ ? k:| tt'
ugx{' f]; . Give your arguments about the effectiveness of vaccination program in

Nepal

!$= Go'df]lgof ePsf] s'g} Ps l5ds] LnfO{ ;f] /f]uaf6 aRg s'g} kfrF Jjxfl/s ;e' mfjx?
lbgx' f];\ .

Give any five preventive suggestion to your neighbour to prevent the pneumonia.

!%= nfuk" bfy{ b'?kof]usf sg' } kfFr bL3{sflng c;/x? pNn]v ugx{' f;] \ .

Explain any five long term effects of drug Misuse.
OR

nfu'kbfy{ b'Jo;{ gsf] lgoGq0fsf] nflu tkfOn{F ] :jf:Yo lzIff k|bfossf ?kdf
vN] g ;Sg] sg' } kfrF e"ldsf nV] g'xf;] \ .

Write any five that role do you can play as a health education provider in controlling
drug addiction.

!^= PGhfOl6 Go/' fl] ;; / l8k|;] g /fu] jLr sf/0f / nIf0fsf cfwf/df tn' gf ug'{xf;] \ .

Compare among Anxiety, Neurosis and Depression on the basis of causes and
symptomps.

!&= ljZjsk km'6andf sltcf]6f l6dx? aLr k|ltof]lutf x'G5 <tL l6dx? s;/L 5gf]6
ul/G5 <n]Vgx' f;] .

Write down, How many teams compete in the World Cup Football? How are these
teams selected?

OR

253

tkfO+{sf] ljrf/df ljb\Bfnodf ;r+ fng ul/b} cfPsf] /fi6klt /gLª\ lzN8
k|ltofl] utfnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf ;+rfng ug]{ Jojxf/Ls pkfox? pNn]v
ug{'xf;] \ .

In your opinion, what should be done to run the Presidential Running Shield
Competition effectively? Write.

!*= kf| rLg cf]nlDks v]nsf] 5f]6f] rrf{ ug'{xf];\ .

Explain an ancient Olympic Games in short.

!(= !# cf]6f l6dsf] gscfp6 k|0ffnLdf Aof8ldG6g k|ltofl] utfsf] 6fOl;6 tof/
ug'{xf];\ .

Prepare a knock out tie sheet of 13 teams for a Badminton compition.

;dx" u(Group C)# X * = +@$
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pQ/ lbg'xf;] \ .

Answer the following questions in long

@)= :jf:Yok0' f{ / bL3{ hLjgsf nflu zfl//Ls ls|ofsnfksf] dxTj / cfjZostf
pNn]v ugx'{ f];\ .

Mention the need and importance of Physical activities for the healthier and
longitivity of life .

@!= :j:y hLjgz}nLsf] ofkgsf nflu tkfO{n+ ] cjnDjg ug{] tl/sfx? cf7 ab' fdF f
j0fg{ ugx'{ f;] \ .

Descirbe the ways that you have adopted to follow the healthy lifestyle in eight
points.

@@= k?' if k|hgg k0| ffnLsf cËx?sf] sfd ;lrq AofVof ugx{' f];\ .

Explain the functions of male reproductive organs with labelled diagram.
OR

gk] fnL dlxnfx?sf] ofg} tyf k|hgg :jf:Yosf] jtd{ fg cj:yfsf] ;dLIff
ug'{xf];\ . (Critically analyze the current sexual and reproductive health status of

Nepali Women.
The End!

254

v]nsb' lj1fg sfo{ cs+ ljlzi6Ls/0
306f ef/
sIff M !! kZ| g of]hgf t
1fg
PsfO Ifq] ÷PsfO

clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt
5f6] f] 5f]6f]

! vn] sb' lj1fgsf] cjwf/0ff & $ ! ! - !

@ ult lj1fg !! &

# v]nsb' lrlsT;f *%

$ vn] sb' dgf]lj1fg !# * ! - - -

% v]nsb' k|lZfIf0f (^

^ vn] s'b Joj:yfkg *$ --- !

& v]nsb' zf/Ll/s dfkg, *$
kl/If0f / dN' ofª\sg

* Pynl] 6S; $ ^ - -- !

( ofu] lj1fg / zf/Ll/s $
tGb'?:tL

!) v]nx? s $ ^! - - -

!! v]nx? v $

hDdf *) %) # ! #

0f tflnsf @)&& ljifo M vn] s'b lj1fg - Sps.445_

tyf cª\sef/ ljt/0f pRr bIftf k|Zgut hDdf hDdf
Affw] k|of]u cªs\ ef/ cs+ ef/

5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f]6f] nfdf]
5f]6f] 5f6] f] 5f]6f]

- - - - ! ! - - # % * !^

! - - - - - - ! ! % * !$
-- !!- !- - #% - *

!- - -- - -- ! % - ^

!- - - - - - - ! % - ^
# ! ! ! @ ! ( @% !^ %)

255

j|m=;= kZ| gsf] k|sf/ v]nsb' lj1fgsf] k
! w/] } 5f]6f] kZ| g
kZ| g ;ªV\ of kl| t kZ|
@ 5f]6f] k|Zg (!
# nfdf] k|Zg %%
hDdf @*
!^

b|i6JoM

 k|Zgx? ;f]Wbf dfly tf]lsPsf ;dx' x?df /xs] f PsfO{af6 kf7o\ ef/ / cs+

 ;dx" sf] hDdf cs+ df km/s gkg{] u/L ;dx" leqsf PsfOdf ±# km/s u
j}wtf sfod ug'{kg{5] .

 ;fdfGotof 1fg txsf k|Zg @) kl| tzt, af]w txsf k|Zg #) k|ltzt,
 pRr bIftfcGtu{t ljZn]if0f, d"Nofs+ g / l;hg{ f /xg] u/L kZ| g lgdf0{ f
 k|Zg g !! / !@ df b'O{ cf]6f cltl/St 5f]6f] kZ| gx? Pjd k|Zg g !%
 tfl] sPsf ;dx' leq kg{] sg' } PsfOjf6 nfdf] k|Zg ;f]lwPdf ;f] PsfO a

a9L pk kZ| gx? klg ;f]Wg ;lsg] 5 .

k|Zg kqsf] ;du| 9frF f ;do -ldg6] _
@)
Zg cªs\ ef/ hDdf cªs\ ef/ !))
(
@% !@) ldg]6 -@ 306f_
!^
%)

sef/sf] ;Gtn' g ldNg] ul/ kZ| g ;f]Wg' kg{5] .
u/L k|Zg lgdf0{ f ug{ ;lsg5] t/ k|To]s PsfOaf6 k|Zg ;f]lwg] u/L ljifoj:t'sf]

ko| f]u txsf k|Zg @% k|ltzt / pRr bIftf txsf k|Zg @% k|ltzt ;fl] wg] 5 .
ugk{' g{] 5 .
df Pp6f / nfdf] cltl/St k|Zg ;f]Wg' kg{5] .
afx]ssf PsfOjf6 clt 5f]6f] / 5f6] f] kZ| gx? ;f]Wg' kg{5] . nfdf] k|Zgdf Ps eGbf

256

gdg' f k|Zg

Model Question ;do # 306f
ljifo M vn] sb' lj1fg Sps.445

Attempt all question
;d"x s M tnsfk|Zgx?sf] Ps jfSodf pQ/ nV] g'xf]; . -(×!Ö(_

Group A: Write the answers to the following questions in one sentence. (9

× 1 = 9)

!= v]ns'b lj1fg eg]sf] s] xf] <What is sports Science? -K_
@= ljhn' Lsf] kfn] nfO{ hldgdf 7f8f] kfbf{ sg' >]0fLsf] pQfn] ssf] k|of]u x'G5 <What type

of liver is used when erecting an electricity pole on the ground? -
HA_
#= vn] f8Lx?sf] zf/Ll/s ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug{ ckgfpg ;lsg] s'g} Pp6f pkfo nV] g'xf;] \ .
Write down a solution that can be used to solve the physical problems
of players -U_
$= JolQmTjnfO{ q]m;d/n] sltefudfjlus{ /0f u/]sf 5g\ <How many types of
personality are there according to Krestcher? -K_
%= v]nsb' df PGyf| ]kf]dl] 6s« dfkg k|of]u ugs{' f] bO' { sf/0fx? cfn} fpg'xf];\ . Suggest the
reasons for using anthropometric measurements in sports. HA_
^= v]nsb' k|ltofl] utfdf dfgj>ft] Joj:yfkg egs] f] s] xf] <What is human resource
management in sports competition. -K_
&= v]nf8Lx?sf] vn] sf}znsf] dfkg ug]{ sg' } Pp6f pkfo nV] g'xf];\ . Write down a way
to measure the sports performance of players. -U_
*= of]uf;gsf] ko| fu] af6 dgfl] qmofTds kmfObf s;/L lng ;lsG5 <How to get
psychological benefits from the use of yoga (U)
(= km6' an vn] sf] cfwf/et" ;Lkx? s] s] x'g\ <What are the basic skills of football
? -U_

257

;d"x v M tnsf kZ| gx?sf] 5f6] f] pQ/ nV] g'xf;] . -%×%Ö@%_
Group B: Write short answers to the following questions. (5 × 5 = 25)
!)= vn] sb' lj1fgsf] pbZ] ox? ;l" ra4 ugx'{ f;] \ .

List the objectives of sports science. -K_
!!= k|lzIf0fsf] ef/ egs] f] s] xf] <o;sf k|sf/x? aofg ug'{xf];\ .

What is training Load? Describe its types-U_
cyjfOr

v]nsb' df kf]if0fsf] dxTj / cfjZostf k|i6 kfgx{' f;] \ .
Clearify the need and importance of nutrition in sports? Explain. -U_
!@= vn] s'bdf PGyf| ]kfd] l] 6«s dfkgsf] ko| fu] s;/L ug{x' G' 5 <
How do you apply anthropometric measurements in sports? -A_

cyjf Or
zf/Ll/s tGb?' :tLsf nflu of]ufEof;sf] ko| fu] / dgfl] qmofTds kmfObfx? klxrfg ug{x' f;] \ .
Identify the use of yoga practice and psychological benefits for
physical fitness. -A_
!#= Pynl] 6S;nfO{ kl/eflift ub}{ xfOhDksf r/0fx? j0f{g ugx'{ f];\ .
What is athletics? Explain the steps of the high jump. -U_
!$= km6' an v]nsf /IffTds / cfqmfds /0fgLltx? pNnv] ugx'{ f;] .
Mention the defensive and offensive strategies in football games. -U_

;d"x u M tnsfk|Zgx?sf] nfdf] pQ/ nV] gx' f]; . -@×*Ö!^_
Group C: Write long answers to the following questions. (2 × 8 = 16)
!%= vn] sb' sf] Ifq] / vn] fl8sf] nflu dfgj ultlj1fgsf] cWoog lsg h?/L 5 7f]; ts{ ;lxtf

cfkmgf egfO{ kz] ug{x' f];\ .
Study of Kinesiology is essential for sports person and in the field of
sports? Present your logical arguments. -A_

cyjf Or
v]n dgf]lj1fgnfO{ kl/eflift ub}{ o;sf If]qx? j0fg{ ugx{ f;] \ . Define Sports
psychology and describe its areas. -U)

258

!^= vn] f8Lx?sf] ult / nrstfsf] clej[l4 ug{sf] nflu Ps xKt] tflnd sfoq{ mdsf] vfsf tof/
ug{'xf;] \ . Prepare a one-week training program to increase players'
speed and flexibility -HA_
;dfKt

259

;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] ofu] L lzIff

;4} flGts

ljlzi6Ls/0f
sIff !!

k"0ff{ª\sM &%

PsfO Ifq] ÷OsfO Kff7o\ 1fg @) kl| tzt Aff]w @& kl|
ef/
clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f6] f
5f6] f] 5f]6f]

! ;fdflhs tyf hLjgfk] of]uL $ !
lzIffsf] cjwf/0ff

@ hLjgf]kof]uL l;ksf] ¿kdf (
l8lh6n l;kx¿ tyf ;fdfGo
cg;' Gwfg l;k

# hLjgfk] of]uL l;k !! ! !!
!) @
$ dfgj ;dfhsf] pb\ej /
ljsf; !@
!@
% eu" fn] / ;fdflhs HfLjg
^ ljZjsf] Oltxf;

s dN" ofªs\ g

f tflnsf, @)&&

ljifo M ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff Sol.447

;doM # 306f

ltzt ko| f]u tyf l;k pRrbIftf hDdf kZ| g;ª\Vof hDdf cªs\ ef/
@*k|ltzt @%k|ltzt

f] nfdf] clt 5f6] f] nfdf] clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f]6f] nfdf] clt 5f6] f] nfdf]

5f]6f] 5f]6f] 5f]6f] 5f6] f]

!! ! ! # !! # % *

!! ! $ # ! $ !% *

260

& ;fdflhs klxrfg / ljljwtf !$

* ;+ljwfg / gfful/s ;r]tgf !) @ ! !!
@ @@
( a:tL / hGf;fª\lVosL !$

!) cyt{ Gq / ljsf; !@

!! :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs ljsf; !@

hDdf !@) %

k|Zgsf k|sf/x¿ ;f]lwg] ;ª\Vof ;do ljefhg -
kZ| gsf k|sf/x¿ ldg6] _
!!
clt 5f]6f] k|Zg * @)
5f]6f] k|Zg # ($
Nffdf] kZ| g @@ ^^
hDdf # 306f

b|i6Jo M

 ;a} kZ| g clgjfo{ x'g] 5g\ .
 k|Zgx? dfly plNnlvt 1fg, af]w, k|of]u tyf l;k / pRr

PsfO{af6 dfq w]/} kZ| g gkg{] u/L ;Gt'ng ldnfpg' kg{]5 .

! !! ! $ $ ! $ @) *

! # @ ! ! @ ! !! * # !! $) @$

k"0ffª{ \s

!!×! = !!
*×% = $)
#×* = @$

&%

bIftfsf] lgwfl{ /t kl| tzt ef/ ldNg] u/L lgdf{0f ugk{' g{] 5 . Pp6}

261

 !@, !% / @! gDj/sf k|Zgx?df Ps cltl/St kZ| g ;f]lwg
 Pp6f Sni6/af6 ;fl] wg] k|Zgx?df 1fg, jfw] , k|of]u / pRr

/ k|Zgsf] ks| l[ t tf]lsP jdf]lhd g} x'g'kg]{ 5 . PsfO{ Psa
k|Zg ;fw] LPsf PsfO{af6 gbfx] f]l/g] u/L ;fW] g'kg]{ 5 .
 pRr bIftf cGtu{t, ljZni] f0f, d"Nof+sg, l;h{gfTds / d"N

g] 5 .
r bIftfsf kZ| g hg' ;s' } PsfOaf6 klg ;f]Wg ;lsg] 5 . t/ k|Zg ;+Vof
af6 nfdf] k|Zg ;f]lwg] 5g} \ . t];f| ] Sni6/df 5f6] f] cltl/St kZ| g ;fW] bf
No ;DaGwL kZ| gx? ;dfjz] ug'k{ g{] 5 .

262

;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff Sol.447

k"0ffª{ \sM &% ;doM # 306f

;a} kZ| gx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf;] \ .

;dx' s

tnsf kZ| gx?sf] clt 5f6] f] pQ/ lbgx' f];\ . !! X !Ö !!

!= ;fdflhs cWoog / ;fdflhs lj1fg ljrsf] cGt/;DjGw Ps jfSodf pNn]v

ugx{' f;] .

@= kl/of]hgf sfo{ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ;db' fosf JolStx?;Fu s;/L s'/fsfgL z'?

ug'x{ G' 5 < Ps jfSodf n]Vgx' f]; .

#= OG6/g]6sf] k|of]u ubf{ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' kb{5 . lsg < s'g} Ps ts{ k|:tt'

ugx{' f]; .

$= xf]df] ;l] koG; dfgj hftLsf] s'g} Ps ljzi] ftf n]Vgx' f]; <

%= xf/] f8] f]6;n] n]v]sf] Oltxf;sf] rlrt{ k:' tssf] gfd n]Vg'xf]; .

^= tkfOF sg' kofj{ /0fLo If]qdf a:gx' G' 5 / To;n] tkfOsF f] hLjgdf kf/]sf] s'g}

Ps ke| fj nV] g'xf;] \ .

&= hft / hghflt larsf] s'g} Ps km/s n]Vg'xf];\ .

*= g]kfnsf] /fli6o ;efsf] lgjfr{ gsf] nflu s:tf] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL cjnDjg

ul/Psf] 5 <

(= pBdzLntf eg]sf] s] xf] < Ps jfSodf nV] gx' f];\ .

!)= u|fld0f a:tL / ;x/L a:tL ljrsf] sg' } Ps leGgtf n]Vg'xf;] \ .

!!= nfu'kbfys{ f] bJ' o{;gjf6 aRg] s'g} Ps pkfo ;e' mfpg'xf];\ .

;dx' v

tnsf kZ| gx?sf] 5f6] f] pQ/ lbgx' f;] \ . * X % Ö $)

!@= cGt/jo} lSts ;Lksf] k|efjsf/L pkofu] s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 < cfkmg\ f ;fyLnfO{

sg' } kfrF j6f ;e' mfjx? k|:t't ugx'{ f];\ .

263

cyjf
sDKo'6/ tyf cGo l8lh6n l8efO;sf] ko| f]un] tkfOF {sf] hLjgdf kf/]sf
;sf/fTds ke| fjx? nV] g'xf];\ .
!#= kz'kfng ou' sf] hLjg k4\tLsf ljzi] ftfnfO{ kfrF j6f a'bF fdf pNn]v ug'x{ f];\ .
!$= ef}uf]lns ljljwtfn] ko{6g Ifq] df kfg{] k|efjx? AofVof ug'x{ f];\ .
!%= cfB} fl] us qmflGtn] ljZjdf pklgjz] sf] z?' cft u/\of] . o; egfOn{ fO{ kl' i6
ug'x{ f]; .

cyjf
5'jf5t' la?4sf] sfg'gL Aoa:yf ke| fasf/L xg' g;Sgfsf sf/0fx? kfrF j6f
ab'F fdf laZni] f0f ug'{xf;] \ .
!^= ;/sf/L ljQ eg]sf] s] xf] < pbfx/0f;lxt ;/sf/L ljQsf >ft] x? pNn]v
ug'{xf];\ .
!&= hg;+Vof ljt/0fdf k|efj kfg]{ s'g} % tTjx?sf] JofVof ugx'{ f];\ .
!*= xfd|f] b]zsf] ;Ldf ;'/Iffsf nflu s:tf] /0fgLlt cjnDag ug'{ k5{ eGg]
;Gbed{ f /fli6o« ;'/Iff kl/ifb\nfO{ ;'emfj;lxt kq nV] g'xf];\ .
!(= cfk\mgf lszf]/ tyf o'jfcj:yfsf ;fyLx?nfO{ lgoldt ofu] tyf Wofg ug{ sf
nflu k]|l/t ug'{ k/]df tkfOF{ s;/L k|]l/t ug{x' 'G5 <

;dx' u

tnsf k|Zgx?sf] nfdf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ . # X * Ö @$

@)= tgfjnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ sg' } * cf6] f Jojxfl/s ;'emfjx?

k|:t't ugx{' f;] .

@!= dfgjnfO{ 9ª' u\ ] o'uaf6 s[lif tyf kz'kfng o'udf ?kfGt/0f xg' 'df sg' s'g

s'/fn] k|]l/t u/]sf] lyof] < s] gk] fnL ;dfhdf sl[ if / kz'kfng ou' sf] ke| fj

b]Vg ;lsG5 < s;/L <

cyjf

264

g]kfnL ;dfhdf hflt Joj:yfn] pJhfPsf ;d:ofx¿ klxrfg ub}{ hflt
Joj:yf gePsf] eP gk] fnL ;dfh s:tf] xG' Yofx] f]nf, cfkmg\ f] ljrf/ k|:tt'
ugx'{ f];\
@@= æcGt/fl{ i6o« oj' f lbj;sf lbgdf !) k|ltefjfg\ o'jfnfO{ hgxL ? ! nfv gub
k/' :sf/ ;lxt /fli6«o oj' f;Ddfg kb| fg ul/Psf] 5 .Æ k:| tt' ;dfrf/ k9]/
tkfO{n+ ] klg eljiodf o:t} k/' :sf/ kf| Kt ug{ s] ug{' xG' 5 < cfkm\ gf] sfo{
ofh] gf k:| t't ug{'xf;] \ .

265