स्वास्थ्य र शारिरिक शिक्षा कक्षा ७

cEof;

-s_ tnsf kZ| gsf] pQ/ bp] m M

!= lszf/] fj:yfdf sg' sg' ljz]iftf bv] f k5{ <
@= ljBfnodf ofg} tyf kh| gg :jfYo lzIffsf] lsg cfjZos 5 <
#= :jKg bf]if egs] f] s] xf] <
$= /h:jnf x“'bf lsg ;/;kmfOdf Wofg lbg'k5{ <
%= k|hgg gnL ;ªj\ m| d0f s:tf] JolStnfO{ a9L dfqfdf xG' 5, lsg <
^= of}ghGo tyf k|hgg gnLdf xg' ] ;ª\jm| d0f eg]sf] s] xf] <
&= ofg} hGo tyf k|hgg gnLdf x'g] ;ªj\ |md0fsf] ;dod} pkrf/ ul/Pg eg] To;n]

s] s] bi' kl/0ffd Nofpg ;S5 <
*= of}ghGo tyf kh| gg gnLdf xg' ] ;ª\jm| d0faf/] hgr]tgf km} nfpg s:tf] sfo{jm| d

ug{ ;lsG5 <
(= ofg} hGo tyf k|hgg gnLdf x'g] ;ªj\ |md0faf6 aRg s] s] pkfo ckgfpgk' 5{ <

46 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

nfu' kbfy{, w"dkfg / dBkfg ^kf7

(Drugs, Smoking & Alcoholism)

xfdf| ] ;dfhdf dBkfg / w"dkfg 3/, xf6] n, /]:6'/G] 6nufot vn' f 7fp“df klg ul/G5 . sltko
;d'bfodf o;nfO{ cfb/ ;Tsf/sf] dfWodsf ¿kdf klg k|ofu] ul/G5 . To:t} cfhefl] nsf
o'jf tyf oj' tLx¿ nfu' kbfy{k|lt cfslif{t ePsf sf/0f bJ' o{;glt/ nfus] f] kfOG5 . dlb/f,
;'tL{ / nfuk' bfy{ ;]jgn] :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds ke| fj kb5{ . oxf“ xfdL dBkfg, nfuk' bfy{ /
wd" kfgaf/] 5'6\6f56' 6\ } j0f{g ug]{ 5f“} .

dBkfgsf] kl/ro

g;f nufpg] ko] kbfy{nfO{ dlb/fkfg elgG5 . o;n] dflg;sf] ;j+ u] fTds kIfdf pQ]hgf
hufpg] sfd u5{ . kl/0ffdtM dflg;sf] zf/Ll/s sfo{snfkdf kl/jtg{ cfp“5 . dfbs
kbfy{ 3/df / sg' } pBfu] df tof/ kfl/G5 . dBkfgcGtu{t hf8“ , /S;L, ef]8\sf, /d, lxj\ :sL,
a|fG8L cflb kb{5g\ .

dBkfg ;'? ugf{sf sf/0fx¿

!= ;fyLefOx¿sf] s';ªu\ t / bafadf kg'{
@= ;fdflhs ;Tsf/ kfpg'
#= c¿sf] bv] fl;vL ug'{
$= lszf]/ cj:yfsf] j'mtx" nkgsf sf/0fn] c¿sf] gSsn ug'{
%= lj1fkgsf] k|efj kg{'
^= ;fdflhs, ;f:+ sl[ ts rfnrng / wflds{ sfos{ f] k|efj kg{'
&= unt wf/0ffsf sf/0f nt nfUg'

dBkfgaf6 6f9f /xg] pkfox¿

!= /S;Lsf] gsf/fTds c;/af/] Jofks kr| f/ k;| f/ ugk{' 5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 47

@= /S;Lsf] lj1fkg k0" f{ ¿kdf aGb ugk'{ 5{ .
#= ;fd"lxs ¿kdf lgoGq0fsf cleofg rnfpg'k5{ .
$= ;fjh{ lgs :yndf dBkfg pkefu] df /f]s nufpgk' 5{ .
%= ;/sf/L :t/af6 pTkfbg tyf ljt/0fdf lgoGq0f ug{ ke| fjsf/L sbd rfNg'k5{ .

lj|mofsnfk

dBkfgsf] gsf/fTds c;/af/d] f cfcfk\mgf 3/df ;fw] . ;fy} sIffsf ;fyLx¿lar
To;af6 6f9f /xg] pkfoaf/] 5nkmn u/ .

nfuk' bfy{sf] kl/ro

dflg;sf] dgfe] fjgfnfO{ k|efljt kf/L a'e\mg,] ;Demg] / ;f]Rg] zlStnfO{ ljs[t t'NofOlbg]
kbfy{nfO{ nfu'kbfy{ elgG5 . nfu'kbfy{n] JolStsf] dfgl;s l:ylt, b[li6sf]0f, Jojxf/,
rl/q tyf cg'el" t cflbdf ;d]t c:jfefljs kl/jt{g u5{ . nfuk' bfyc{ Gtut{ lx/f]Og, dlkm{g,
uf“hf, r/]; cflb kb{5g\ .

nfu'kbfy{ ;'? ugf{sf sf/0fx¿

!= ;fyLefOx¿sf] s';ª\ut / bafadf kg'{
@= c¿sf] bv] fl;vL ug'{
#= lszf/] cj:yfsf] jm' tx" nsf sf/0fn] c¿sf] gSsn ug'{
$= cfgGb kf| Kt ug{ vfH] g'
%= ;fdflhs / wfld{s sfo{sf] k|efj kg{'
^= sfg'gL Joj:yf s8f gx'g'

nfuk' bfya{ f6 6f9f /xg] pkfox¿

!= ;db' fonfO{ :jf:Yo lzIffsf] dfWodaf6 nfu'kbfys{ f] gsf/fTds c;/af/] atfpgk' 5{ .
@= kl/jf/ / l5d]sLx¿nfO{ nfuk' bfy{df gkm:g hgr]tgf km}nfpgk' 5{ .
#= nfu'kbfys{ f] ljm| ofsnfk x'g] If]qdf s8f lg/LIf0f ugk{' 5{ .

48 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

$= ;fdflhs tyf dgf]/~hgfTds ljm| ofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ugk'{ 5{ .
%= sfgg' L Joj:yf s8fOsf ;fy nfu' ugk{' 5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk

cfkm\ gf] l5ds] L jf ;fyL nfuk' bfyd{ f nfus] f] cj:yfdf To;af6 56' sf/f lbnfpg ltdLn]
ug{] k|of;af/] l6kf6] nv] L lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .

wd" kfgsf] kl/ro

r'/f]6, la“8L, tdfv', ufh“ f cflbnfO{ cfuf] nufO{ lg:ss] f] w'jf“sf] ;sf{] d'vn] tflgg] sfdnfO{
w"dkfg elgG5 . w"d eg]sf] w'jf“ / kfg egs] f] u|x0f ug{' xf] . ;t' Lh{ Go k|bfyn{ fO{ w'jfs“ f
¿kdf ;]jg ug'{ klg wd" kfg xf] .

wd" kfg ;'? ugf{sf sf/0fx¿

!= ;fyLefOx¿sf] s;' ª\ut / bafadf kg'{
@= ;fdflhs ;Tsf/ kfpg'
#= c¿sf] b]vfl;vL ug'{
$= lszf]/ cj:yfsf] j'mtx" nkgsf sf/0fn] c¿sf] gSsn ug'{
%= lj1fkgsf] k|efj kg'{
^= ;fdflhs / wflds{ sfo{sf] ke| fj kg{'
&= sfg'gL sf/afxLsf nflu kxn gxg' '

w"dkfgaf6 6f9f /xg] pkfox¿

!= cfk"mn] wd" kfg gug{] / wd" kfg ug]{ JolStx¿sf] glhs ga:g] ug'k{ 5{ .
@= v/fa ;fyLx¿sf] ;ª\ut 5f]8g\ k' 5{ .
#= kl/jf/ / l5ds] LnfO{ wd" kfgsf] g/fd|f] c;/af/] r]tgf lbg'k5{ .
$= ;Dej eP;Dd ;db' fo;“u ldn/] w"dkfg lgifl] wt Ifq] agfpgk' 5{ .
%= wd" kfg/lxt ;fdflhs tyf dgf]/~hgfTds lj|mofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ug'k{ 5{ .
^= w"dkfglj?4sf sfg'gL Joj:yf s8fOsf ;fy nfu' ug{k' 5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 49

lj|mofsnfk

‘w"dkfg ug'{ xb“' g} ’ eGg] ljifodf ;fyLx¿;u“ ldn]/ sIffdf jfbljjfb sfoj{ |mdsf]
cfofh] gf u/ .

;f/f+z

;t' L{ / cNsfx] nsf] ko| fu] n] xfdf| ] z/L/sf] kmfS] ;f], d6' ', sn]hf] cflbdf c;/ kg{ uO{ bd,
vf]sL, dw'dx] , d'6' /fu] , SofG;/ cflb h:tf bL3{ /fu] sf] l;sf/ aGgk' g]{ xG' 5 . nfu' kbfys{ f]
s'ntdf km;k] l5 To;af6 lg:sg ;f/} uf/f] x'G5 . To;}n] wd" kfg, nfuk' bfy{ / dBkfg
;j] gaf6 6f9f /xg'k5{ .

cEof;

-s_ tn lbOPsf dWo] ;xL pQ/ 5fg M

!= tn lbOPsf dWo] sg' nfu'kbfy{ xf] <
-c_ r'/f6] -cf_ v}gL -O_ ufh“ f
@= tnsf dWo] sg' df wj' f“ tfGg] sfd x'G5 <
-c_ la“8L -cf_ hf“8 -O_ /S;L
#= wd" egs] f] wj' f“ / kfg egs] f] s] xf] <
-c_ zfg lbg' -cf_ ;Ddfg ug' { -O_ u|x0f ug{'
$= lx/fO] g÷dlkm{g s] xf] <
-c_ tdfv' v}gL -cf_ nfu' cf}ifw -O_ r'/f]6 la“8L

-v_ tn lbOPsf kZ| gsf] 5f6] f] pTQ/ n]v M

!= nfuk' bfy{ eg]sf] s] xf] <
@= wd" kfg / dBkfgdf s] km/s 5 <
#= dBkfgaf6 6f9f /xg] s'g} tLg pkfo nv] .
$= nfuk' bfy{ ;'? ug's{ f sg' } tLg sf/0fx¿ n]v .
%= s]6fs]6Lx¿ w"dkfgdf s;/L km:5g\ <

50 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

jftfj/0fLo :jf:Yo &kf7

(Environmental Health)

jftfj/0f / :jf:Yolarsf] ;DaGw g} jftfj/0fLo :jf:Yo xf] . To;n} ] dflg;sf] jl/kl/sf]
jftfj/0f :jf:Yosf bl[ i6sf0] fn] :jf:Yojw{s xg' k' 5{ . jftfj/0fcGtu{t xfjf, kfgL, df6f],
jg hª\un, gbL, vfn] f, vt] af/L, af6f,] ;8s cflb kb5{ g\ . To;}n] dflg; /xg] x/s] 7fp“
;kmf / Jojl:yt x'gk' 5{ .

kfgL b"lift x'gfn] :jf:Yodf xg' ] xflg

dflg;sf nflu kfgL k|f0f xf] . kfgLlagfsf] hLjg c;Dej 5 . dflg;sf] x/]s sfo{df
kfgLsf] h?/t kb5{ . o:tf] cTofjZos kfgL bl" ift ePdf dflg;sf] :jf:Yodf k|lts"n c;/
k5{ . kfgLdf dflg;sf] lb;f tyf kmf]xf/] ldl;g uPdf kfgL bl" ift xG' 5 . kfgL b"lift x'gfn]
:jf:Yodf x'g] xflg o; ks| f/ 5g\ M

!= b"lift kfgLaf6 pTkGg x'g] x}hf, h'sf, 6fOkmfO8, emf8fkvfnf h:tf /f]ux¿n]
dxfdf/Lsf] ¿k lnG5 .

@= dflg;sf] 5fnf tyf cfv“ fsf] /fu] a9\g uO{ :jf:Yodf k|ToIf c;/ k'¥ofp“5 .

#= bl" ift kfgLn] g'xfpg,] vfgf ksfpg], lkpg] tyf ;kmf ug]{ ugfn{ ] dflg; c:j:y xG' 5 .
;fy} z/L/sf k|0ffnLn] ug]{ sg' } klg sfo{ k"0f{ geO{ Hofg} vt/fdf k5{ .

$= ;fdflhs, cf}Bfl] us tyf s[lif sfo{df ;dt] c;/ k/L dflg;sf] :jf:Yodf kT| oIf c;/
k'Ug hfG5 . kmn:j¿k JolSt ckfª\u x'g ;Sg] klg x'G5 .

z/L/df kfgLsf] dfqf sdL ePdf xg' ] xflgx¿

z/L/df kfgLsf] dfqf sdL ePdf Hofg} hfg] lsl;dsf] vt/f x'G5 lsgeg] z/L/sf] agfj6
ljleGg k|0ffnLx¿ ldn]/ ags] f] xG' 5 . To;} u/L cª\u / tGt' ldn]/ k|0ffnL ags] f] xG' 5 eg]
tGt' sf]ifx¿ ldn]/ ag]sf] x'G5 . o;/L xfd|f] z/L/sf] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] PsfO egs] f] sfi] f g}
xf] . kfgLsf] cefjdf sf]ifdf /xs] f cgluGtL cjojx¿ ;S' 5g\ . kl/0ffdtM ;Dk"0f{ sfi] fsf]
sfo{ 7Kk xG' 5 . kmn:j¿k slAhot x'g], lk;fadf ;ªj\ |md0f x'g] tyf d'v, 3f6“ L, cf]7 cflb
;'Sg] / k]6 kf]Ng] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]vf kb5{ g\ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 51

ljm| ofsnfk

cfkm\gf] ;d'bfosf rf/ hgf bfh' tyf lbbL;“u kfgL b"lift xb'“ f b]vf kg{] ;d:ofx¿af/]
;f]wL a'“bf tof/ u/ / ljBfnodf cfO{ ;fyL;u“ 5nkmn u/ .

7f;] kmfx] f/] (Solid Waste)

7f;] kmf]xf/] eGgfn] dflg;n] cfkmn" fO{ sfd
gnfUg] eGb} kmo\ fl“ sg] ;a} ks| f/sf 7f;] kmfx] f/]
nfO{ al' emG5 . o;cGtut{ Knfl:6s, l;;L,
l6gkftf, sfuh, kmnfd, ;fukft, eft, wn' f,]
sl;ªu\ / cflb kb{5g\ . 7f]; kmfx] f/] nfO{ klg
s'lxg] / gs'lxg] j:t'x¿ u/L bO' { efudf
juLs{ /0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

-s_ s'lxg] kmfx] f/] (Decomposable Waste)

s'x/] hfg ;Sg] 7f;] kmfx] f/] nfO{ s'lxg] j:t' eGb5g\ . h}ljs kmfx] f/] ;a} s'lxg ;S5g\ .
pbfx/0fsf nflu hgfj/ / la?jfaf6 pTkGg x'g] kmfx] f]/ ;a} h}ljs kmfx] f/] x'g\ . oL
kmf]xf]/x¿ lj:tf/} lj:tf/} /f;folgs kl/jt{g eP/ df6fd] f ldl;G5g\ . o:tf kmfx] f]/af6
sDkf:] 6 dn agfOG5 .

-v_ gsl' xg] kmf]xf/] (Indecomposable Waste)

s'x]/ hfg g;Sg] 7f]; kmf]xf]/nfO{ gs'lxg] j:t' eGb5g\ . ch}ljs kmf]xf]/ ;a} s'lxg
;Sbg} g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu l;;L, Knfl:6s, wft'x¿, kmnfd, l6gkftf, 9ª' u\ f cflb ;a} ch}ljs
kmf]xf]/ x'g\ . oL kmf]xf/] x¿ kl/jt{g geO{ h:tfsf] t:t} /xG5g\ . o:tf kmf]xf]/nfO{ ljleGg
tl/sfaf6 Joj:yfkg ul/G5 .

52 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

kmf]xf]/sf] Joj:yfkg (Waste Management)

xfdLn] kmfx] f]/sf] Joj:yfkg ljleGg tl/sfaf6 ug{ ;lsG5 . yk' fg',{ uf8\g' / dn agfpg'
cflb kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkgsf ljljw tl/sfx¿ x'g\ . Joj:yfkgsf oL pkfox¿n] jftfj/0fLo
:jf:Yosf] ;'wf/ x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 .

y'kfg{' (Dumping)

kmfx] f/] nfO{ Ps 7fp“df hDdf u/L juL{s/0f ug{] Joj:yf ePdf w/] } xb;Dd yk' fg]{ ljlw
pkof]uLl;4 x'G5 . o;sf nflu ljleGg vfn] kmfx] f]/nfO{ km/s km/s 7fp“df hDdf ugfn{ ]
To;sf] Joj:yfkgdf ;lhnf] xG' 5 .

uf8\g' (Burying)

kmfx] f/] nfO{ vfN8f] agfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{] tl/sfnfO{ uf8\g] ljlw elgG5 . o; ljlwdf vfN8f]
agfO{ uf8]sf] kmfx] f/] nfO{ df6f]n] kg' ]{ sfd ul/G5 .

dn agfpg' (Composting)

s'g} Ps 7fpd“ f vfN8f] agfO{ hl} js kmfx] f]/nfO{ yk' fg'{k5{ . x/]s xKtfdf To;nfO{ kN6fpg]
ubf{ To;df clS;hg kj| fx x'G5 . k|Tos] kmfx] f]/dfly kftnf] txdf df6f]n] 5fK] g'k5{ . o;nfO{
jiff{sf] ;dodf kfgLaf6 arfpgk' 5{ . o;/L agfPsf] dn Ps b'O{ dlxgfleqdf k|fª\ufl/s
dnsf ¿kdf tof/ xG' 5 .

kmf]xf]/sf] k'gM ko| fu] (Reuse of Waste)

3/, ljBfno, snsf/vfgf, sfof{no, ;8s h:tf ljleGg 7fpa“ f6 lg:ss] f kmfx] f/] nfO{ ljleGg
tl/sfn] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 . tLdWo] kg' M ko| f]u klg Ps xf] . of] tl/sfsf] Joj:yfkgn]
cgfjZos ¿kdf kmfx] f]/ agfpg] sfon{ fO{ lg?T;flxt agfp5“ / kmfx] f/] pTkfbgdf Go"g x'g
hfG5 . kg' M ko| fu] af6 kmf]xf/] 36fpg] pkfox¿ lgDg lnlvt 5g\ M

!= Knfl:6ssf] emfn] f k|of]u gug{], ug{} k/d] f ;kmf u/]/ kg' M ko| f]u ug]{

@= Dofb ;dfKt ePsf k:' tsx¿sf] kfgfaf6 vfd, emfn] f jf cGo ;fdfg agfO{ pkofu] ug]{

#= ljleGg lsl;dsf l;;L, l6gsf a66\ f afs;nfO{ csf]{ sfdsf nflu ko| f]u ug]{

$= ljleGg lsl;dsf sk8fx¿af6 l;/fgL, cf5] \ofpg] Dof6«]; cflb agfpg]

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 53

%= 3/ ;hfpg] sfod{ f pkofu] ug]{

^= k'gM pTkfbg xg' ;Sg] ljleGg lsl;dsf kmnfd, l;;L, Knfl:6s, Kofs]6 cflb 7f];
kmf]xf/] x¿nfO{ aR] g]

ljm| ofsnfk

ltdf| ] 3/df 7f;] kmf]xf]/ s;/L kg' M k|ofu] eO/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] cg'ej sIffdf
lzIfssf] cufl8 ;g' fpm .

rkL{sf] kl/ro

dfgj dn / d"q Tofu ug{sf nflu Jojl:yt tl/sfn] agfPsf] ;fgf] 3/nfO{ rkL{
elgG5 . 7fpc“ g;' f/ vfN8f,] ;n' e jf cf/fdbfoL rkLs{ f] lgdf0{ f ug{ ;lsG5 . rkLs{ f] ko| fu] n]
jftfj/0f :jR5 tyf ;kmf ugs'{ f ;fy} ljleGg lsl;dsf /fu] kmn} gaf6 hfu] fpg dbt u5{ .

plrt k|sf/sf] rkL{sf] k|of]u

rkL{ w/] } k|sf/sf xG' 5g\ . cfkm\ gf] ufp“ tyf 7fp“cg';f/ kfgLsf] ;|ft] / cfly{s cj:yfnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL ljleGg ks| f/sf rkL{sf] lgdf0{ f ug{ ;lsG5 . ufp“ If]qdf vfN8f] rkL{sf] kr| ng
a9L kfOG5 eg] ;x/L If]qdf jf6/l;n rkLs{ f] k|ofu] u/]sf] kfOG5 . jf6/l;n rkLs{ f] Kofgdf
x/xd;] f kfgL hDdf eO/xg] x'gfn] uGw sd xg' ] / lemªu\ f elGsg] ;d:ofaf6 d'St kfpg
;lsG5 . rkL{ agfpb“ f ckfª\utfd}qL agfpg'k5{ . rkL{sf] ko| f]u ubf{ k|ofu] cl3 / kl5
oy]i6 kfgLn] ;/;kmfO ug{'k5{ . d;' f of cGo sL6ktª\usf] kj| z] /f]s nufpg] vfnsf] rkL{
x'gk' 5{ . ;fy} rkLd{ f Kofg aGb ug{ 9sgL, ;kmf ug{ a|; tyf xft w'g ;fa'gsf] Joj:yf
ug{' cTofjZos 5 .

hyfefjL lb;f tyf lk;fa ugfn{ ] xg' ] xflgx¿

hyfefjL lb;f tyf lk;fa ugf{n] lgDglnlvt /f]ux¿ nfUg] / xflgx¿ x'g ;S5g\ M

!= emf8f kvfnf, xh} f, hs' f, x]kf6fOl6;, cfp,“ 6fOkmfO6 h:tf /fu] x¿af6 ;ªj\ m| d0f
xg' ;Sg]

@= s/;] faf/L, au}“rf cflb 7fp“df lb;f tyf lk;fanfO{ dnsf ¿kdf k|ofu] ubf{ k]6sf
/fu] x¿ nfUg ;Sg]

54 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

#= hyfefjL lb;f tyf lk;fa ul/Psf 7fpx“ ¿ kmf]xf/] n] kb| "lift b]lvg]
$= Ps JolStaf6 csf]{ JolSt tyf 7fpd“ f /fu] kmn} b“ } hfg]

lj|mofsnfk

lzIfssf] lgbz]{ gdf ljBfnodf ;ªs\ ng u/s] f hl} js kmfx] f/] af6 sDkf:] 6 dn tof/ u/ .

;f/f+z

Jfftfj/0fLo :jf:YocGtu{t kfgL, 9n, af6f], ;8s, rfs] cflbsf] Joj:yf / ;/;kmfOnufot
rkL{sf] Joj:yf tyf k|of]u kb5{ g\ . jftfj/0f kb| "if0f ePdf To;af6 :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds
c;/ ug's{ f ;fy} g/fdf| ] klg b]lvG5 . jftfj/0f :j:y /fVg ;a} ldn/] sfd ug'k{ 5{ .

cEof;

!= kf7 k9 / vfnL 7fp“ e/ M

-s_ /f;folgs kl/jt{g eP/ df6fdf ldn]/ hfg] kmfx] f/] nfO{==========kmf]xf/] elgG5 .
-v_ Kofgdf kfgL hDdf eP/ a:g] rkL{=================xf] .
-u_ h}ljs kmfx] f]/af6 ==========dn tof/ xG' 5 .
-3_ ko| fu] eO;s]sf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ ;kmf u/L kml] / k|of]u u/d] f kmfx] f]/ Joj:yfkgsf]

=========== sf] l;4fGt pkofu] u/]sf] dflgG5 .
-ª_ jftfj/0f / :jf:Yolarsf] ;DaGw g} ========== xf] .

@= tnsf k|Zgsf] 5f]6f] pQ/ nv] M

-s_ h}ljs / chl} js kmf]xf]/ eGgfn] s] al' emG5 <
-v_ jf6/lzn rkLs{ f s'g} b'O{ kmfObf pNnv] u/ .
-u_ kmf]xf/] sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'g} tLg tl/sfsf] gfd n]v .
-3_ kfgL bl" ift x'gfn] :jf:Yodf xg' ] sg' } tLg xflgx¿ pNnv] u/ .
-ª_ z/L/df kfgLsf] cefj ePdf s] xG' 5, n]v .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 55

;'/Iff tyf kf| ylds pkrf/ *kf7

(Safety & First Aid)

b3' {6gfaf6 ;/' Iff tyf aRg] pkfo

cfw'lgs hLjg;u“ } dflg;sf] b}lgs ljm| ofsnfkdf vt/f klg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . dflg;sf] x/]s
ljm| ofsnfkdf b3' {6gfsf] ;Defjgf /xG5 . clnslt dfq xfl] ;of/L ckgfOPg eg] b'36{ gfsf]
l;sf/ aGg k'luG5 . bl} gs ljm| ofsnfk tyf sg' } gof“ sfddf xfdLnfO{ ;/' Iff lzIffsf]
h?/t eO;ss] f] 5 . dflg; /xg] 3/, ljBfno, ;8s, snsf/vfgf, jghª\un, vn] db} fg,
gbL, vf]nf cflb 7fpd“ f ;/' Iffaf/] lzIff ePdf b'36{ gfaf6 aRg ;lsG5 h:t} M 3/df ;nfO{,
nfO6/, wfl/nf] xltof/, s/G] 6, sL6gfzs cf}ifwL cflb ;fdfgx¿ afnaflnsfn] e]6\6fpg
g;Sg] 7fpd“ f /fvd] f b3' 6{ gfaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . To:t} ;8sdf af6f] sf6\bf tyf 8«fOleª
ubf{ 6«flkms lgodsf] kfngf ug{] / cfkm“n} ] klg xfl] ;of/L ckgfpg] xf] eg] b'3{6gfaf6 aRg
;lsG5 . ljBfnosf] sIffdf a:bf, vn] db} fgdf v]Nbf, e¥ofª / afb{nLdf /xb“ f cfjZos
xf]l;of/L ckgfPdf b3' {6gfaf6 aRg ;lsG5 .

kf| ylds pkrf/sf] p4Z] o

k|fylds pkrf/ egs] f] b'36{ gf xg' f;fy 3fp tyf rf6] k6snfO{ yk gfS] ;fg xg' af6 hfu] fpg]
klxnf] ;xofu] xf] . k|fylds pkrf/sf d'Vo p2]Zox¿ o; ks| f/ 5g\ M

!= pknAw :yfgLo ;|ft] ;fwg k|ofu] u/L pkrf/ ug{'

@= 3fOts] f] cj:yfnfO{ yk v/fa xg' af6 hf]ufpg'

#= ;s];Dd rf“8f] tyf ;'/lIft 9ª\un] pkrf/ sG] bd| f k¥' ofpg'

$= 3fOtn] fO{ ;fGTjgf lbg'

%= lrlsT;snfO{ 3fOts] f] cj:yfaf/] k0" f{ hfgsf/L lbg'

56 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

s]xL b3' 6{ gfsf k|fylds pkrf/

-s_ kf]Ng' (Burn)

cfuf] jf tftf] j:t' z/L/sf] sg' } klg cªu\ df ;Dks{df cfpb“ f kfN] g] xG' 5 . z/L/df sg' }
cªu\ kfN] ga' f6 arfpg] ;'/IffTds pkfox¿ lgDglnlvt 5g\ M

!= hf8f] ofddf cfuf] tfKg] an] fdf s]6fs6] Lx¿nfO{ cfuf]af6 6f9f /fVg]
@= ;nfO,{ nfO6/ / cGo cfuf] aNg] tyf hNg] ;fdfgx¿nfO{ s]6fs]6Lx¿n] e]66\ fpg g;Sg]

7fpd“ f /fVg]
#= s]6fs6] LnfO{ tftf] lrof, bw' cflbaf6 aRg dgtftf] ePkl5 dfq lbg]

$= Onl] S6s« lx6/ jf cGo tftf] ;fdfg / lahn' L tf/nfO{ ko| fu] kl5 ;/' lIft :yfgdf /fVg]

z/L/sf] sg' } cªu\ kfn] ]df lgDgadfl] hd k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M
!= kfn] ]sf] 7fp“ ;kmf sk8fn] 5fK] gk' 5{ .
@= kf]n]sf] 7fp“df kmf]sf p7]sf] 5}g t/ 5fnf /ftf] dfq ePsf] eP lr;f] kfgLdf

8a' fpgk' 5{ .
#= 36gf:yndf ufn] e8] f ePdf To;n} fO{ sf6/] kfn] ]sf] 7fpd“ f nufpgk' 5{ .
$= kmfs] f p7]/ kfgLn] el/Psf] 5 eg] km6' fpg' xb“' g} .
%= 3fOt] xf;] df 5}g eg] t?' Gt c:ktfn k¥' ofpg'k5{ .

^= pknAw ePdf kfn] ]sf] 7fpd“ f k|ofu] ul/g] dnd nufpg ;lsG5 .

-v_ cfv“ f, gfs, sfg / 3f“6Ldf afx\o j:t' c8\lsg'

af6f] lx“8bf, b}lgs sfd ubf{, vfgf vf“bf, gfs tyf sfg sf6] \ofpb“ f cfv“ f, gfs, sfg /
3f6“ Ldf afxo\ j:t' c8l\ sg ;S5 . o:tf 36gfaf6 hf]lug ;ts{ x'g'k5{ . sx] L u/L c8s\ d] f
xfl] ;of/Lsf ;fy lgsfNg'k5{ . oxf“ xfdL tL cªu\ x¿df afxo\ j:t' c8\lsg glbg / lgsfNg

ckgfpg'kg{] pkfox¿sf af/d] f 5f]6s/Ldf JofVof ug]{ 5f“} .

cfv“ fdf afxo\ j:t' k:gaf6 arfpg] ;/' IffTds pkfox¿ lgDglnlvt 5g\ M

!= v]n jf sfo{ ynf]df cf“vf arfpg] ;'/Iffsf ;fdu|L /fVg'k5{ .
@= 3/ ;kmf ubf{ wn' f] tyf sl;ªu\ / k:gaf6 ;hutf ckgfpg'k5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 57

#= otfptf lx“8\bf w'jf“, w'nf], afn'jf cflb p8]df o;af6 aRg cf“vfdf r:df
nufpgk' 5{ .

$= cf“vfdf 3fR] g ;Sg] wfl/nf] sf7, 8G8L cflbnfO{ ;'/lIft 7fpd“ f /fVg'k5{ .

cfv“ fdf afxo\ j:t' k;]df lgDgadfl] hd k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= cf“vf gldRg]
@= leh]sf] skf; jf ;kmf ?dfnsf] ko| f]u u/L cfv“ fsf] afxo\ j:t' lgsfNg]
#= cf“vfsf] gfgLlt/ 6fl“ ;Psf] cj:yfdf ha/h:tL gu/L 8fS6/sxf“ hfg]
$= w'nf] tyf afn'jfsf s0f cf“vfdf eP ;kmf kfgLn] kvfNg]
%= cf“vf t]hfjåf/f ;ª\j|md0f ePdf kfgLn] ;kmf u/L 8fS6/sxf“ hfg]

gfsdf afxo\ j:t' k:gaf6 arfpg] ;'/IffTds pkfox¿ lgDg lnlvt 5g\ M

!= s]/fp, O/h] / tyf uR' rf gfsleq k;fP/ vN] g' x'b“ }g .
@= otfptf lx“8\bf w'jf,“ wn' f], ls6ktª cflbaf6 aRg gfs 5fK] gk' 5{ .

gfsdf afxo\ j:t' k;]df lgDgadfl] hd k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M
!= ha/h:tL lgsfNg ko| f; gug{]
@= xf“5\o' u/]/ leq k;s] f] j:t' lgsfNg] ko| f; ug{]
#= k|of; ;kmn geP 8fS6/sxf“ ;Dks{ /fVg hfg]

sfgdf afx\o j:t' k:gaf6 arfpg] ;/' IffTds pkfox¿ lgDglnlvt ks| f/sf 5g\ M
!= s/] fp, O/]h/, sk8f, sfuh, Knfl:6s cflb sfgleq k;fP/ vN] g' xb'“ }g
@= sfd ubf,{ v]Nbf tyf ;'Tbf ;s;] Dd sfgdf xNsf skf; /fVg'k5{
sfgdf afxo\ j:t' k;]df lgDgadf]lhd kf| ylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= ha/h:tL lgsfNg ko| f; gug]{
@= ljleGg lsl;dsf l;Gsf cflbn] sfg gsf]6\ofpg]
#= ls/fx¿ k;s] f] cj:yfdf tf]/Lsf] tn] s]xL yfk] f /fVg]

$= k|of; ;kmn geP 8fS6/sxf“ ;Dks{ /fVg hfg] :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

58

3f6“ Ldf afxo\ j:t' c8l\ sg glbg ckgfOg] ;/' IffTds pkfox¿ lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M
!= df5f tyf x8\8L vfb“ f xfl] ;of/L ckgfpg'k5{ .
@= u'Rrf, l;Ssf tyf sf7sf 6'jm| f dv' df /fv/] vN] g' x'“bg} .
3f6“ Ldf afx\o j:t' c8\s]df ckgfOg] k|fylds pkrf/ lgDglnlvt 5g\ M

!= kfgL lkpg lbg]
@= 3f6“ Ldf nufPsf sk8f vs' 'nf] agfpg]
#= ha/h:tL c8\lsPsf] j:t' lgsfNg gvfH] g]
$= 3fOt]nfO{ ;lhnf] cj:yfdf /fVg]
%= 3fOt]nfO{ 3fK] 6f] kg{] u/L k5fl8af6 b'O{ xftn] RofkL afS] g] / em6\sf lbg]
^= ko| f; ;kmn geP glhssf] :jf:Yo sG] bd| f nh} fg]

-u_ n' nfUg' (Heat Stroke)

udL{ k|b]zdf tftf] xfjfsf] k;| f/n] c;/ ug{'nfO{ n' nfUg' elgG5 . n' nfUgaf6 arfpg]
;'/IffTds pkfox¿ lgDgfg;' f/ 5g\ M

!= clt udL{ If]qdf hfb“ f zLtn agfpg] pkfox¿ ckgfpg'k5{ .
@= nufpg] n'ufx¿ ;s];Dd kftnf] nufpgk' 5{ .
#= a:g] tyf sfd ug]{ / vN] g] 7fp“nfO{ udL{ xg' af6 hf]ufpg] pkfo ugk{' 5{ .

n' nfu]df lgDgadf]lhd kf| ylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= la/fdLnfO{ lztn 7fpd“ f Nofpg]
@= z/L/df lr;f] kfgLn] 5sg{ ]
#= 6fpsfdf ?dfn jf sk8f lehfP/ /flvlbg]
$= 3fOt] xf];df 5 eg] kfgL jf lr;f] k]o kbfy{ lkpg lbg]
%= la/fdLnfO{ t?' Gt c:ktfn k'¥ofpg]

-3_ lxpn“ ] vfg' (Frostbite)

lxp“ hDg] Ifq] df vfnL v6' \6fn] lx“8\g] jf vfnL xftn] lxpd“ f sfd ubf{ lxps“ f] kT| oIf

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 59

;Dks{df cfPsf] cª\udf /St;~rf/ aGb xG' 5 . To; cª\usf] sf]if / tGt' d/L sfd gnfUg]
x'G5 . o;nfO{ g} lxp“n] vfg' elgG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf JolStdf zf/Ll/s ckfª\utf x'g
;S5 . lxpn“ ] vfga' f6 arfpg] ;'/IffTds pkfox¿ lgDgfg;' f/ 5g\ M

!= clt lr;f] ePsf an] fdf v]Ng] tyf sfd ug{] h:tf ljm| ofsnfk ug'{ xb'“ }g .
@= cToGt lr;f] 7fp“df hf“bf z/L/sf ;a} cªu\ nfO{ 9fSg] n'uf, k~hf, dfh] f tyf hT' tf

nufpg'k5{ .

#= a:g] / ;'Tg] sf]7fx¿ lr;f]af6 arfpg sf7] fsf] jftfj/0f Gofgf] agfO/fVgk' 5{ .

$= lr;f] cª\unfO{ Ps}rfl] 6 tftfn] ] ;S] g] ug{' x“'b}g .

lxpn“ ] vfPdf lgDgadf]lhd kf| ylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= lxpn“ ] vfPsf] cªu\ df ;fdfGo /u8/] jf cGo pkfoaf6 tftf] agfO{ /St;~rf/ u/fpg ko| f; ug]{
@= lxpn“ ] vfPsf] efunfO{ tftf] tyf Gofgf] agfpg afSnf] sk8fn] 5fK] g]
#= la/fdLnfO{ tftf] ko] kbfy{ lkpg lbg]
$= la/fdL /xg] sf]7fdf lx6/ afn]/ jf cGo pkfo u//] Gofgf] agfpg]
%= la/fdLsf] cj:yfcg';f/ t?' Gt c:ktfn k'¥ofpg]

-ª_ ;8s b3' 6{ gfdf kg{' (Road Accident)

kl| jlwsf] ljsf;;u“ } ;x/ tyf ahf/df oftfoftsf ;fwg ko| fu] df jl[ 4 ePsf] 5 . ;jf/L ;fwg
rnfpb“ f ;tst{ f gckgfPsf sf/0f ;8s b3' 6{ gf lbgfgl' bg a9b\ f] jm| ddf 5 . ;8s b3' 6{ gfaf6

arfpg] ;/' IffTds pkfox¿ lgDgfg;' f/ 5g\ M

!= ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpgk' "j{ ;fwg l7s eP gePsf] hf“Rg'k5{ .
@= ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpb“ f ;Lldt ultdf rnfpg'k5{ .
#= dfbs kbfy{ k|of]u u//] slxNo} ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg' x'b“ }g .
$= cf]e/6s] ubf{ lgodk"j{s -bfoft“ k{maf6_ xf]l;of/L;fy ugk'{ 5{ .
%= kb} n ofq'n] ;8s kf/ ubf{ 6f« lkms lgodsf] kfngf ug{'k5{ .
^= ;8s kf/ ubf{ bfof“ afof“ x]gk'{ 5{ .
&= ;jf/L ;fwg rNg] 7fpd“ f s6] fs]6LnfO{ v]nfpg' xb“' }g .

60 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

*= ;8ssf] ;dod} ddt{ ug{k' 5{ .
(= 6«flkms lgodsf] kfngf gug]n{ fO{ s8f sf/afxL ug{k' 5{ .
;8s b3' {6gf ePdf lgDgadfl] hd k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M
;8s b3' 6{ gf ePdf JolStsf] Hofg} hfg] jf ckfª\utf xg' ] cj:yf /xG5 . olb rf]6k6s
nfUg], xf8 efl“ rg,] /ut aUg] ePdf o:tf] an] f lgDgadf]lhd kf| ylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M
!= 3fOts] f] l:ylt x/] L ;'/lIft :yfgdf /fVg]
@= 3fOt] xf;] df ePdf ;fGTjgf lbg]
#= glhssf] c:ktfn jf :jf:Yo s]Gbd| f k'¥ofpg]

-r_ bft“ efl“ rg'

n8/] bf“t s8f j:t'df 7f]ls“bf, emu8f xb“' f tyf alS;ª vN] bf rf6] nfu/] bf“t efl“ rg
;S5 . bft“ efl“ rg'af6 arfpg] ;/' IffTds pkfox¿ lgDgfg;' f/ 5g\ M

!= df]6/;fOsn tyf ;fOsn h:tf ;jf/L ;fwg rnfp“bf x]nd6] nufpg'k5{ .
@= v]ncg';f/ x]nd]6 tyf dfpy uf8{ clgjfo{ nufpgk' 5{ .
#= prfOdf tyf 7f]lSsg] 7fpd“ f sfd ubf{ xfl] ;of/L ckgfpg'k5{ .
$= s8f j:t' rkfp“bf xf]l;of/ /xg'k5{ .

bf“t ef“lrPdf lgDgadf]lhd k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= ;fGTjgf lbg]
@= sk8f jf ?dfn /fvL aª\uf/fnfO{ c8;] lbg]
#= bf“t kmT' ss] f] cj:yfdf bft“ sf] 6fpsf]lt/ ;dfP/ lr;f] kfgLdf /fvL cyjf dv' leq

lha|fd] l' g /fv/] c:ktfn k'¥ofpg]

lj|mofsnfk

3f“6Ldf afxo\ j:t' c8s\ ]sf] cj:yfdf ul/g] k|fylds pkrf/sf nflu sIffdf el" dsf
lgjfx{ u/L k|bzg{ u/ M

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 61

;f/fz+

b3' 6{ gf cfsl:ds xG' 5 . ;/' Iffsf] pkfo ckgfpg ;Sof}“ eg] 7'nf 7'nf b'3{6gfaf6 aRg
;lsG5 . b3' 6{ gf eOxfnd] f hlt ;Sof] l56f] la/fdLnfO{ c:ktfn jf :jf:Yo sG] b| k'¥ofpg]
jf :jf:YosdL{sf] ;j] f pknAw u/fpgk' 5{ .

cEof;

-s_ tnsf k|Zgsf] 5f6] f] pQ/ nv] M

!= k|fylds pkrf/ eg]sf] s] xf] <
@= n' s] sf/0fn] nfU5 <
#= lxpn“ ] vfgs' f] d'Vo sf/0f s] xf] <
$= vn] v]Nbf bft“ hf]ufpg d'vdf s] nufpgk' 5{ <
%= ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpb“ f ult ;Lldt ugs{' f] p2]Zo s] xf] <
^= sfgdf ls/f k:bf tf]/Lsf] tn] xflnG5, lsg <

-v_ tnsf k|Zgsf] 5f]6f] pQ/ nv]

!= n' nfUg' / lxp“n] vfgd' f s] km/s 5 <
@= bf“t ef“lrbf ckgfOg] k|fylds pkrf/ ljlw s] xf] <
#= 3f6“ Ldf c8s\ s] f] j:t' aflx/ lgsfNg s:tf] vfnsf] kf| ylds pkrf/ ug{

;lsG5 <
$= ;jf/L b3' 6{ gf xg' af6 hfl] ug ckgfOg] sg' } tLg ;/' Iffsf pkfox¿ pNnv]

u/ .
%= kfN] ga' f6 arfpg ckgfOg] sg' } tLgcf6] f ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿ n]v .

62 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

kfl/jfl/s / ;fdb' flos :jf:Yo (kf7

(Family and Community Health)

kfl/jfl/s :jf:Yosf] cjwf/0ff / dxŒj

kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] :jf:Yo cj:yf g} kfl/jfl/s :jf:Yo xf] . kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf]
/fd|f] :jf:Yo l:yltn] :j:y ;dfhsf] sNkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . To;} u/L :j:y ;dfhaf6 g} ;an
bz] sf] lgdf{0f xG' 5 . :j:y gful/slagf b]z ljsf; c;Dej 5 .

Psn jf ;o+ 'St kl/jf/ hg' eP klg kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿lar cfk;df ;DaGw, dfof, v;' L,
>4f cflb x'gk' b5{ . kl/jf/nfO{ ;dfhsf] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] PsfO dflgG5 . kl/jf/af6 JolStn]
cfkm"nfO{ rflxg] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf k"lt{ ub5{ eg] :jfjnDaL aGgsf nflu Ifdtf clejl[ 4
u5{ . o;ks| f/ kl/jf/df JolSt xs' {g] j|mddf ;fdflhs, dfgl;s, zf/Ll/s / ;j+ u] fTds
kIfsf] ljsf; ug]{ ko| f; ul//xG5 . kl/jf/sf kT| os] JolStnfO{ cfjZos xg' ] :j:y kfl/jfl/s
jftfj/0fsf sf/0f JolStdf ;sf/fTds 1fg, l;k / wf/0ffsf] ljsf; x'G5 . o; cyd{ f
kfl/jfl/s :jf:Yosf] dxŒjnfO{ lgDglnlvt a“b' fx¿af6 k:| 6 kfg{ ;lsG5 M

!= lzz' / s6] fs6] Lsf] kfng kfi] f0f ug{
@= kfl/jfl/s ofh] gf agfpg
#= ljleGg ks| f/sf /fu] x¿af6 arfpg
$= ;Defljt zf/Ll/s b'36{ gfaf6 arfpg
%= sn' t tyf s;' ª\utaf6 arfpg
^= j/k/sf] jftfj/0f ;kmf kfg{
&= kfl/jfl/s hLjg v';L;fy ljtfpg
*= ?lr tyf cfjZostfx¿ k/" f ug{
(= :jf:Yo;DaGwL ljBdfg s';:+ sf/ tyf g/fd|f] rfnrng;DaGwL ePsf cjwf/0ff x6fpg
!)= uej{ tL cfdfsf] :ofxf/;';f/ ug{
!!= j[4 hLjgnfO{ ;'vdo agfpg

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 63

;fdb' flos :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿

;fd'bflos :jf:Yo eGgfn] ;fwf/0ftof ;Dk"0f{ dflg;sf] :jf:Yo eGg] a'lemG5 . ;db' fosf
dflg;sf] :jf:Yo :t/ j[l4 ug{] lhDdf ;/sf/sf] xG' 5 . hgtfsf] :jf:Yo ljsf; ug{ /
k|jw{g ug{ cfhefl] n hgtfsf] ;ªu\ l7t rf;f,] k|of; / ;xeflutfdf hf8] lbOG5 . ;d'bfosf]
:jf:Yosf] s/' f ubf{ ljljw ljifonfO{ Wofg lbgk' b5{ . hg;ªV\ of ofh] gf, ;db' fosf] jftfj/0f,
/fu] sf] lgoGq0f, cfly{s ljsf;, sk' f]if0f, v]nsb' , dgf]/~hg cflb o;cGtu{t kb{5g\ .

gk] fnsf] ljbo\ dfg kl/l:yltdf lgDgfg;' f/ :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿ /xs] f 5g\ . oxf“ xfdL kT| os] sf]
;dfwfgsf pkfox¿af/] klg rrf{ ug{] 5f“} .

!= pRr hg;ª\Vof jl[ 4

g]kfndf b]zsf] cfsf/cg;' f/ hg;ªV\ of lbgk|ltlbg tLj| ¿kdf a9\bf] 5 . cfo ;|f]t Gog" ,
vfBfGg / :jf:Yo ;j] f sd ePsf] bz] df hg;ª\Vof j[l4n] ;dfwfgeGbf ;d:of yKb} uPsf]
5 . la/fdLsf] ;ª\Vof a9\g', vfgfsf] ljt/0f 36\g,' cf}ifwL sd kfpg' cflb hg;ªV\ of jl[ 4sf
kl/0ffd xg' \ . o;n] bz] df c:j:y gful/ssf] ;ªV\ of jl[ 4 u5{ t/ ;jn tyf ;Ifd gful/s
j[l4 ub}g{ . ctM hg;ª\Vof jl[ 4 g]kfnsf] Pp6f d'Vo :jf:Yo ;d:of ePsf] xf] .

@= jftfj/0f k|bi" f0f

hg;ªV\ of jl[ 4;u“ } ;db' fodf pTkGg ePsf ljljw ;d:ofx¿dWo] jftfj/0f kb| i" f0f klg Ps
xf] . gk] fnsf] ;x/L Ifq] df a9b\ } uPsf] jftfj/0fLo kb| i" f0f 8/nfUbf] 5 . hªu\ n km8“ fgL, cJojl:yt
;x/Ls/0f, a9b\ f] kmfx] f/] cflbn] hgtfsf] :jf:Yodf g/fdf| ] c;/ kf/s] f] 5 . ;db' fosf sof“}
dflg;x¿ ;?jf /fu] tyf g;g]{ /fu] n] ul| ;t xg' yfns] f 5g\ . gof“ gof“ /fu] sf] cfjm| d0f /
afl} 4s zf/Ll/s ckfªu\ tf h:tf :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿ bv] f kg'{ jftfj/0f kb| i" f0fs} kl/0ffd dfGg ;lsG5 .

#= /fu] sf] Jofkstf

clzIff, ul/aL, jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f, hg;ªV\ of jl[ 4, cGwljZjf; cflbsf sf/0f g]kfndf
ljzi] fu/L ;?jf /f]usf] Jofkstf a9\bf] 5 . xfd|f] ;d'bfodf sfnfhf/, dn]l/of, emf8f kvfnf,
lgdfl] gof, cfn} f] Hj/f,] xfTtLkfOn,] sdnlkQ, cfp“ / P8;\ h:tf ;?jf /fu] x¿sf] ljuljuL 5 .
hgtfsf] :jf:Yo lbgfgl' bg /f]un] ul| ;t xb'“ f ;d'bfo / bz] sf] ljsf; kSs} l9nf xG' 5 . ctM
/fu] sf] Jofkstf ljsf;sf] afws xf] . :jf:Yo ;d:of g]kfnsf] kd| v' ;d:of xf] .

64 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

$= sk' f]if0f

kofK{ t vfgf gkfP/ jf cfjZostfeGbf a9L vfgf vfP/ dflg;df pTkGg xg' ] ;d:of
vf;u/L prfOcg';f/ tfn} lgs} 36L jf a9L xg' ' sk' fi] f0f xf] . kfl} i6s tŒjsf] c;Gt'ngn]
ubf{ pTkGg g]kfnsf ljz]ifu/L kf“r jif{d'lgsf afnaflnsfx¿ o;sf] l;sf/ x'g]
u/s] f 5g\ . ef]lnsf bz] sf s0fw{ f/x¿ elgg] cfhsf afnaflnsfx¿ hu}bl] v c:j:y tyf
c;Ifd aGg'sf] d"n sf/0f clzIff / ul/aL xf] . ha;Dd sk' fi] f0fn] gful/sx¿ kLl8t
x'gk' g{] cj:yf cfp“5, ta;Dd b]zn] ;jn / ;Ifd gful/s kfpg ;Sbg} . o;}n] g]kfnsf]
kl/k]|Ifdf s'kfi] f0f klg d'Vo :jf:Yo ;d:ofsf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 .

%= ul/aL

ul/aLnfO{ ;dfhsf] k|d'v zq' dflgG5 . ul/aLn] ;jn tyf ;Ifd gful/s tof/ kfg'{sf]
;6\6f sdhf/] , c:j:y / la/fdL gful/s tof/ u5{ . ul/aLn] JofKt ;dfhn] kf}li6soS' t
vfgfsf] pkef]u ug{ ;Sbg} . la/fdL ePsf] cj:yfdf cf}ifwL;dt] lsGg ;Sb}gg\ . o; ks| f/
pgLx¿ bz] ljsf;df ;n+ Ug xg' 'sf] ;6\6f dT[ os' f] l;sf/ aGgk' g]{ cj:yf x'G5 .

;fd'bflos :jf:Yo ;d:of ;dfwfgsf pkfox¿

g]kfndf ljBdfg :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿sf d"n sf/0f kQf nufO{ ltgLx¿sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu
lgDg lnlvt pkfox¿ ckgfpg ;lsG5 M

!= ;Dk0" f{ afnaflnsfnfO{ clgjfo{ lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{k' 5{ .

@= ;dfhdf /x]sf clzlIftx¿nfO{ cgfk} rfl/s lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{'k5{ .

#= cfo ;f| t] a9fpg] vfnsf js} lNks pkfosf] l;hg{ f ugk'{ 5{ .

$= hg;ªV\ of jl[ 4nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ljleGg lsl;dsf hgrt] gfdn" s sfoj{ m| d rnfpgk' 5{ .

%= kl/jf/ ofh] gf agfp“bf cfsif{s pkxf/sf] Joj:yf ugk{' 5{ .

^= ljBfno, dxfljBfno tyf sn]hdf :jf:Yo lzIff / hg;ªV\ of lzIffnfO{ ;dfof]hg ub{}
lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ .

&= kfi] f0f lzIffnfO{ yk Jofjxfl/s agfpg ke| fjsf/L sfo{j|md ;~rfng ug{'k5{ .

*= ;d'bfosf ul/a kl/jf/nfO{ lgMzN' s kf}li6s cfxf/ ljt/0f ug{k' 5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 65

(= jftfj/0fLo lzIffnfO{ ufp“ tyf ;x/ ;a} 7fp“df nfu' u/fpg'k5{ .
!)= vfk] sfoj{ |mdnfO{ ke| fjsf/L agfpg :jod;\ j] s tyf ;db' fosf lzlIft JolStx¿nfO{

kl/rfng ugk'{ 5{ .
!!= cGwljZjf; x6fpg j1} flgs / Jofjxfl/s lzIffaf/] ;Nnfx lbg] sfoj{ m| d rnfpgk' 5{ .
!@= w"dkfg, dBkfg, nfuk' bfy{ tyf rf/] L, n'6, ckx/0f cflbnfO{ lg?T;flxt tN' ofpg s8f

sfg'g agfpgk' 5{ .
!#= ;db' fodf pknAw :jf:Yo rfs} L, pk:jf:Yo rfs} L, :jf:Yo sG] b,| c:ktfn, lSnlgs cflbsf]

pkofu] ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug'k{ 5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk

ltd|f] ;d'bfodf jftfj/0fLo ;'wf/sf nflu u/s] f k|of;x¿ s] s] 5g\ . ltgLx¿sf]
;r" L agfO{ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .

;f/f+z

;v' L kl/jf/df dfq /fdf| ] :jf:Yosf] sNkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . ;'vL kl/jf/sf ;b:on] dfq
;db' fodf of]ubfg lbg ;S5g\ . sltko :jf:Yo ;j] fx¿ JolStut ko| f;n] dfq ug{ g;lsg]
x'G5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;db' fosf ;a} hgf ldn/] ;/sf/ / bft[ lgsfosf] ;d]t ;xofu] df
o:tf ;]jf pknAw u/fpgk' g{] xG' 5 .

cEof;

-s_ tn lbOPsf dWo] ldNg] pQ/df lrx\g nufpm M

!= ;d'bfosf dflg;sf] :jf:Yo :t/ psf:g tnsf dWo] sg' kIf a9L ;ljm| o x'gk' 5{ <
-s_ ljb]zL ;xofu] -v_ ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo
-u_ ;/sf/L c:ktfn -3_ lzlIft ;dfh

66 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

@= ;dfh, /fi6« / JolStsf] :jf:Yo :t/ psf:gsf nflu cTofjZos
k|ltsf/fTds tŒj sg' xf] <

-s_ ul/aL -v_ lzIff
-u_ Gog" hg;ª\Vof j[l4 -3_ kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg

#= kfl/jfl/s :jf:Yosf] dxŒj s'g xf]Og <

-s_ aRrf / a'9fsf] kfng kfi] f0f u/fpg -v_ cfdf / lzzs' f] :ofxf/;;' f/ u/fpg
-u_ s';ª\ut, sn' t / s';+:sf/ u/fpg -3_ kl/jf/sf] cfjZostf kl" t{ u/fpg

-v_ tnsf kZ| gsf] 5f]6s/Ldf pQ/ n]v M

!= ltdf| ] ;d'bfosf sg' } tLg ;d:ofx¿ s] s] x'g\ < n]v .
@= ul/aLnfO{ gk] fnsf] :jf:Yo ;d:of lsg dflgPsf] xf] <
#= sk' f]if0f klg :jf:Yo ;d:of xf,] s;/L <
$= ;d'bfosf] :jf:Yo ;d:of x6fpg] s'g} tLg pkfox¿ pNnv] u/ .
%= hg;ª\Vof j[l4 g} ;a} ;d:ofsf] d"n sf/0f xf,] :ki6 u/ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 67

zf/Ll/s lzIff !kf7

s;/t

(Exercise)

kl/ro

zf/Ll/s lzIffn] JolStsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, ;fdflhs / ;j+ u] fTds kIfsf] ljsf;df hf8] lbG5 .
zf/Ll/s lzIff kf| Kt ug]{ dxŒjk0" f{ dfWodsf ¿kdf zf/Ll/s ljm| ofsnfk / vn] sb' nfO{ dflgG5 .

s;/taf6 g} zf/Ll/s ljm| ofsnfk / vn] sb' sfod{ f 6j] f ldN5 . s;/tn] cfGtl/s ¿kn]
zf/Ll/s cªu\ x¿nfO{ alnof] agfp5“ . o;} u/L ;dx" df ul/g] ljleGg s;/tn] ;fdflhs
u0' fx¿ ljsf; ug{ ;dt] ;3fp k'¥ofp“5 . zf/Ll/s s;/t g} dflg;sf] x/]s lj|mofsnfksf]
cfwf/ ePsfn] o;nfO{ lgoldt / l7s 9ª\un] ;~rfng ug'{ cTofjZos 5 . s;/tnfO{
P/fl] as cyf{t\ ;xgzLntf, an cyf{t\ cj/f]w / nrstf u//] tLg k|sf/df ljefhg ug{
;lsG5 . hg' ;s' } k|sf/sf s;/t ubf{ klg xfdLn] tn lbOPsf sx] L s'/fdf Wofg k¥' ofpb“ f
j]; x'G5 M

-s_ vfgf nuQ} s;/t gug{]

-v_ s;/tcl3, kl5 / eO/xs] f] ;dodf kofK{ t dfqfdf kfgL lkpg]
-u_ ysfO / cgk' o'St df;} d;u“ } s;/tsf] dfqfnfO{ 36fpg]

-3_ z/L/ ttfpg] / lr:ofpg] s;/tnfO{ x/s] k6ssf] s;/tdf ;dfj]z ug{] cflb .

68 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

sIff ^ df xfdLn] sx] L s;/t l;ss] f lyof}“ . o; sIffdf To:t} cGo vfnsf lhp ttfpg]
s;/tx¿sf] cEof; ug{] 5f}“ .

!= lhp ttfpg] s;/t

;fwf/0ftof hluªaf6 lhp ttfpg] ul/G5 . hluªsf] cy{ z/L/ xNnfpg' xf] . z/L/ xNnfpg
xfdLn] ljleGg lsl;dsf zf/Ll/s ljm| ofsnfkx¿ ug{ ;S5f“} . oxf“ ljz]if u/L l:y/ cj:yfdf
ul/g] hluªaf/] rrf{ ug{] 5f}“ .

ljm| ofsnfk != plePs} 7fp“df bug' {]

kªl\ Sta4 eO{ plecf“} . lzIfssf] cfb]z;u“ } cfcfkm" plePs} 7fpd“ f ;fljsadf]lhd v6' \6f
prfn]/ bf8} f}“ . ;fy} lzIfssf] k|bz{g;u“ } bf8} sf] ¿k abnf}“ .

ljm| ofsnfk @ M plePs} 7fpd“ f ljleGg tl/sfn] v6' \6f;“u} xft rnfP/
hluª ug]{

lzIfssf] kb| z{g;“u} cfcfkm\ gf] 7fpd“ f pleP/ v6' \6f;“u} xft rnfcf“} . slxn] v6' \6f kmf6g\ ]
/ hf]8g\ ], slxn] z/L/ ;Gt'ng;u“ } v6' 6\ f prfNg] sfo{ u//] hluª u/f“} .

ljm| ofsnfk #= l:slkª ug]{

o; lj|mofsnfkcGtut{ l:slkª ug{'cl3 xfdL bO' { of tLg ;dx" df tft“ L agfp“5f“} . k|To]s
tft“ Lsf] cufl8 Pp6f Pp6f l:slkª ug{] uf]nf] 3/] fsf] lrxg\ agfp5“ f}“ . lzIfssf] cfb]zdf
Tof] 3]/fleq a;/] kfnk} fnf] l:slkª u/f}“ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 69

@= kt} fnfsf] s;/t

z/L/sf] ef/ yfDg] cfwf/sf ¿kdf kt} fnfnfO{ lnOG5 . kt} fnfsf cf}n“ fx¿ / s'sR{' rfsf]
efunfO{ l7s tl/sfn] s;/t ugk'{ 5{ . o;f] ePdf v6' 6\ fåf/f ul/g] sg' } klg zf/Ll/s rfnx¿
ug{ sl7g x“b' g} .

ljm| ofsnfk != k}tfnfn] 6]sL pkm| g]

o; lj|mofsnfkdf Ps} 7fp“df pleP/ xfdL k}tfnfn] 6]s/] pkm| g ;S5f“} . c¿ an] f Ps bO' {sf]
uGtLdf k}tfnfn] 6s] L pkm| G5f}“ eg] lzIfssf] yk lgbz{] gdf xfdL a:] ;/L dfly;Dd pk|mG5f“} .

lj|mofsnfk @= sd prfOsf] lsgf/df a;/] z/L/sf] ef/nfO{ tn dfly ug]{

o; lj|mofsnfkdf sd prfO ePsf] lsgf/df xfdL pleG5f}“ / kGhfn] dfq 6s] ]/ z/L/sf]
ef/nfO{ ;Gtn' g u5f}“ . lzIfssf] lgb]z{ gdf !^ k6s;Dd dfly tn u5f{“} .

ljm| ofsnfk #= a;]/ k}tfnfsf] :6]«lrª ug]{

o; ljm| ofsnfkdf ;Dd k/s] f] rf/} df xfdL nx/} a:5f“} . afof“ v6' 6\ fnfO{ ;fe] mo\ fP/ To;dfly lt3f| df
bfof“ v6' 6\ fnfO{ /fV5f“} . afof“ xftn] To;nfO{ lj:tf/} 3d' fO{ cufl8 k5fl8 ws]n/] :6l]« rª u5f“} .

#= 9f8 / xft v6' 6\ fsf] s;/t

9f8df cwr{ n hfg] L{ kfOG5 . xft / v6' 6\ fnfO{
a9L rNg] cªu\ sf ¿kdf lnOG5 . To;n} ]
s;/t ubf{ xfdL ljleGg kIfx¿nfO{ Vofn
u5f}“{ . 9f8 / xft v'66\ fsf] s;/t ug{
lgDglnlvt ljm| ofsnfkx¿ cEof; u5f“{} .

ljm| ofsnfk != cufl8 em' Sg] / k5fl8 9lNsg]

o; ljm| ofsnfkdf xfdL lzIfssf] cfbz] kfngf u/L kªl\ Sta4 xG' 5f“} . lzIfssf] lgb{]zg /
kb| zg{ adfl] hd uGtL Psdf xftn] eO' d“ f, uGtL bO' d{ f 38“' fdf, uGtL ltgdf sDd/df ;dfpg] / uGtL
rf/df xftn] sDd/d} ;dfO{ cfsfzdf x/] /] k5fl8 9NsG5f“} . of] kl| jm| of xfdL rf/ k6s;Dd ug{
;S5f}“ .

70 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

lj|mofsnfk @= ;fyLnfO{ 9f8df c8]; lbO{ kfnk} fnf] p7fpg]

xfdL ;fyLx¿sf] tfn} cg';f/ hf8] L agfp“5f}“ . Pscsfs{ f] xftdf ;dfp“5f“} / ;fyLnfO{
cfcfkmg\ f] 9f8df c8]; nufpg ldNg] u/L lgxl' /lbG5f“} . ;fy} ;fyLsf] ef/ yfD5f}“ .
ljm| ofsnfk #= k'; ck / df]l8kmfO8 k'; ug]{

;jk{ y| d 5fqx¿n] k;' ck / 5fqfx¿n] dfl] 8kmfO8 k;' ck ugs{ f nflu xfdL tof/
x'G5f“} . 5fq / 5fqfsf cnu cnu ;dx" agfP/ xft / v'6\6fn] dfq 6]s]sf] e/df
z/L/sf] ef/nfO{ p7fO{ /fV5f}“ . dfl] 8kmfO8 k'; ckdf v6' 6\ fsf] k~hfn] 6S] gs' f] ;6\6f
38'“ fn] 6S] 5f}“ .

$= k]6 / lt3f| sf] s;/t

k6] dfgj z/L/sf] ;j+ b] gzLn cªu\ /xg] 5ftLsf]
tNnf] efu xf] . o;;u“ snh] f,] cfGbf| , e8“' L, lduf}{
nf cflbsf] kT| oIf ;DaGw /x]sf] xG' 5 . k6] /
lt3f| sf] s;/tsf nflu lgDg lnlvt tl/sfx¿
ckgfP/ ug{ ;lsG5 M

lj|mofsnfk != 3“'8fn] 6s] ]/ lt3f| p7fpg] 71

3“8' f / k]6sf] s;/tsf nflu Ps v'66\ fsf]
3'“8fn] 6]sf}“ / b'j} xftsf] s'Ogfn] hldgdf
c8]; lncf}“ . ;fy} csf{] v6' \6fnfO{ v'DRofP/
p7fcf“} . z/L/sf] dflyNnf efux¿ lt3|f;“u
l;wf geP;Dd of] ljm| of cufl8 a9fcf“} . la:tf/}
v6' 6\ f tn NofO{ k'gM csf]{ v6' 6\ fn] klg To;}
u/L p7fpg] s;/t u/f“} .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

ljm| ofsnfk @= k'6\7fnfO{ p7fpg] / tn Nofpg]

pQfgf] k/]/ ;'tf}“, clg b'j} v'6\6fnfO{
v'DRofcf}“ . b'j} xftnfO{ z/L/sf] 5]p
5p] df /fvL v6' 6\ fsf] anlagf g} k6s k6s
k6' \7fnfO{ p7fcf“} / tn Nofcf“} . of] s;/t
;lhnf] / pkof]uL dflgG5 .

lj|mofsnfk #= 3f]K6f] kg,{] v6' \6f prfNg] / cf]/fNg]

of] s;/t ubf{ 3fK] 6f] k//] ;t' f}“ . hldgdf sDd/ / k6] nfO{ km/flsnf] kfg{] sf]l;; u/f,“}
a? gp7fcf}“ . kfnk} fnf] p7fPsf] v'6\6fnfO{ la:tf/} tn cf/] fnf“} .

%= hf]8Ldf kt} fnf hf8] L p7fpg] s;/t

of] s;/t ubf{ ;fyL;u“ k}tfnf hf]8\g] / pQfgf] k//] b'j} hgf ;T' g] ugk{' 5{ . xftn]
hldgdf 6s] L c8]; ln“b} b'j} hgfn] v6' 6\ f vD' Rofpb“ } dfly p7fpg] ug'k{ 5{ . v'6\6f k"/}
hldg;“u l;wf ePkl5 k6' \7f / 9f8sf] ;xfotfn] Psl5g;Dd ;f; lgoGq0fdf /fvL
;fx] L cj:yfdf a;L la:tf/} v6' 6\ f v'DRofp“b} tn emfg]{ ugk{' 5{ .

72 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

sjfh (Drill) @kf7

;fdflhs dfg dofb{ f / ldlxg]tL hLjgsf nflu JolStdf cg'zf;g Pjd\ ;fdflhs
u'0fsf] ljsf; x'g' cfjZos x'G5 . ljBfno hLjgdf v]lng] sjfhn] JolStsf]
zf/Ll/s sfo{snfkdfkm{t s;/t xG' 5 / ToxL s;/tsf sf/0f zf/Ll/s ljsf; x'G5 .

6fn] L g]tfsf] cf1f kfng u//] ;dx" df ul/g] sfo{snfknfO{ sjfh elgG5 . sjfhdf
sdfG8/ tyf 6fn] L g]tfsf] cfb]zfg;' f/ ljleGg zf/Ll/s sfo{snfk af/Daf/ bf¥] ofP/
ul/G5 . sjfhn] zf/Ll/s tGb?' :tLsf] ljsf; ug],{ cf1fsf/L / cgz' fl;t agfpg]
tyf ;fdflhs u0' fsf] ljsf; ug{] h:tf p4Z] ox¿ lnPsf] xG' 5 . sjfhaf6 xft tyf
v'6\6fsf] /fdf| ] s;/t x'g'sf ;fy} vfgf ?Rg], lgbf| nfUg] / z/L/ kml' tn{ f] x'G5 .

sjfhsf h'g;'s} sfo{snfk u/fp“bf klg sIff ;ª\u7gdf kª\lSt jf tf“tLdf
/fVgk' 5{ . cfjZostfcg;' f/ Ps jf bO' { kªl\ Stdf cEof; ul/;sk] l5 kªl\ St jf tft“ Lsf]
;ªV\ of a9fP/ klg ug{ ;lsG5 . sjfhsf x/s] sfo{df 6fn] L c8\g] sfo{ klg dxŒjk"0f{
x'G5 . To;}n] sjfhsf] c8\ sfo{ klg ;u“ ;“u} l;Sb} hfgk' 5{ . sjfhsf sfox{ ¿
;ª\uLtsf] tfndf ubf{ cfsifs{ x'G5 .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 73

cluNnf sIffx¿df sjfhsf] kl/ro;lxt ;ts{ tyf uf8] f kmf6n\ ufotsf ljleGg sjfhsf
sfox{ ¿ ul/;ss] f 5f“} . To;n} ] o; sIffdf xfdL tL sjfhsf ljleGg sfo{x¿nfO{ 8«dsf]
ko| f]uaf6 cEof; ug{] 5f}“ .

-s_ se/ ck (Cover Up)

sjfh sfo{ ugc'{ l3 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ sIff ;ªu\ 7gdf tf“tL / kª\lStdf ldnfOG5 . o;/L
ldnfO;sk] l5 ;xL ;ªu\ 7g 5 of 5g} hf“Rgsf nflu se/ ck sfo{sf] cfbz] lbg] ul/G5 .
o; sfo{df 8d« sf] ko| f]u gubf{ jz] xG' 5 . t/ ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ ;"rgf lbg ;tst{ fsf nflu 7n' f]
cfjfhdf b'O{ k6s 8«d ahfpg' /fd|f] x'G5 . 8«d ahfpb“ f l56f] !–@ sf] tfndf ahfpgk' 5{ .

-v_ ;ts{ / uf]8f kmf6\ (Attention & Stand at Ease)

sjfhsf] kT| o]s sfo{ ;'? ug{' cl3 ;ts{ cj:yfdf /flvG5 . To;} u/L sjfhsf k|Tos]
sfo{ ;dfKt ug{ uf]8f kmf6\ cj:yfdf /flvG5 . ;ts{ / uf8] f kmf6\ bj' } sfo{ ubf{ v6' 6\ fsf]
rfndf tfn ldnfP/ Ps k6s 8d« ahfOG5 . h:t} M ;ts{ eg/] cfbz] lbO;s]kl5 v6' 6\ f
ldnfpg' / 8«d aHg' Pp6} ;dodf xg' 'k5{ . To;} u/L uf8] f kmf6\g] an] fdf klg uf]8f kmf6]/
eO' “df /fv]sf a]nfdf 8d« aHg'k5{ .

-u_ bfof“ kms,{ afof“ kms{ / k/' f kms{ (Right Turn, Left Turn & About

Turn)

;ts{ cj:yfaf6 bfof“ kms{, afof“ kms{ hg' ;s' } sfo{ u/] klg r]skl5 !—@ sf] uGtLdf kms{g]
sfo{ ;DkGg ul/G5 . To;}n] 8«dsf] ko| f]u ubf{ oL cfbz] ;“u} rs] df l56f] l56f] bO' { kN6 /
!—@ sf] uGtLdf Ps kN6 dfq 8«d ahfOG5 .

-3_ uf]8f rfn\ (Mark Time)

sjfhsf] uf]8f rfn\ sfo{ ;ts{ cj:yfdf jf lx“8s] f cj:yfdf ul/G5 . 6f]nL gt] fsf] cfb]z
nuQ} ;ts{ cj:yfdf eP afof“ uf]8f prfn]/ e'Od“ f 6S] g] / To;nuTt} bfof“ uf]8f prfNg]
sfo{ ul/G5 . olb lx8“ ]sf] cj:yfdf eP klxnf bfof“ uf]8fdf rs] kf/L afof“ uf8] fnfO{ Ps
eGb} uf8] f rfn\ cj:yfdf hfg'k5{ . o;/L bj' } xftnfO{ xNsf d'7L kf//] aundf /fVb} nuftf/
afof“ uf8] f / bfof“ uf8] f kfn}kfnf] prfnL Ps} 7fpd“ f sjfh ugf{n] uf]8f rfn\ xG' 5 . uf]8f
rfns\ f] cfbz] ;dfKt;u“ } !,@,#—!,@,# sf] tfndf 8d« ahfpgk' 5{ . o;kl5 uf8] f rfn\ sfon{ fO{
c¿ lg/Gt/tf lbg uGtL Psbl] v ;ft k6s;Dd nuftf/ 8«d ahfpg'k5{ . uf8] f rfn\sf
nflu 8d« sf] ko| fu] ubf{ !–@–#, !–@–#, !–@–#–$–%–^–& sf] tfndf ahfpg' /fdf| ] x'G5 .

74 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

;d"xnfO{ uf8] f rfn\ u/fp“bf 6fn] L g]tfn] kf| oM ;ts{ cj:yfdf cfb]z lbP ;lhnf] xG' 5 .
kª\lSt jf tft“ Ldf a;s] f] ;dx" nfO{ b'O{ rf/ k6s ;ts,{ uf]8f kmf6\, bfof“ kms{ jf afof“ kms{
u/fO;sk] l5 dfq uf]8f rfns\ f] cfbz] lbg' /fdf| ] xG' 5 . 6f]nL gt] fn] cfbz] lbb“ f lgDgfg;' f/
sf zAbx¿ :ki6 x'g] u/L 7n' f] cfjfhdf cfb]z lbg'k5{ .

6fn] Ln] uf]8f rfNnf, uf8] f=========rfn\

-ª_ l56f] lx8“ \ (Quick March), bfof“ gh/ (Eyes Right) / l;wf gh/

(Eyes Straight)

sjfhsf] of] sfo{ uf8] f rfn\ cj:yfaf6 ul/G5 . 6fn] L gt] fsf] cfbz] nuTt} bfof“ uf8] fdf rs] kf/L
afof“ uf8] fnfO{ cufl8 a9fpgk' 5{ . o;/L afof“ uf8] fnfO{ cufl8 a9fpb“ f Ps} ;fy bfof“ xftnfO{
klg xNsf d'7L kf//] s'dsf] prfO;Dd hfg] u/L cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ . l56f] lx“8\ sfo{sf nflu
8«d ahfp“bf uf8] f rfn\sf] cj:yfdf ahfOPsf] 8d« sf] tfnnfO{ g} lg/Gt/tf lbgk' 5{ . :d/0fLo
/xf;] \, 8«dsf] tfn / v6' 6\ fsf] rfn Ps} ;dodf ldns] f] x'g'k5{ . ;fy} bfof“ gh/ jf l;wf
gh/df klg Ps} tl/sfn] 8«dsf] ko| f]u eO/xg'k5{ .

;dx" jf 6f]nLnfO{ l56f] lx8“ \ sfo{ u/fpb“ f 6fn] L gt] fn] lgDgfg;' f/ cfbz] lbb“ f j]; x'G5 M

6fn] Ln] l56f] lx8“ n\ f, l56f]=========lx8“ \

l56f] lx“8\ sfo{df ;+nUg xg' ] ;an} ] cfk\mgf] gh/nfO{ l;wf cufl8 x]/L 5ftL km'nfO{ ss' {'Rrfn]
6S] b} cufl8 a9g\ k' 5{ . ;dx" df cGo ;fyLx¿;u“ v6' \6f / xftsf] tfnd]n ldnfpg w]/} k6s
cEof; ugk'{ b5{ .

-r_ c8\ (Halt)

sjfhsf] sfo{ cGTo ug'{kg{] sfo{snfkdf c8\sf] cfb]z cfjZos kb{5 . kT| os] ;'?jftdf
cGTosf] h?/t kb5{ . uf8] f rfn\ cj:yfdf / l56f] lx8“ s\ f] cj:yfdf 6fn] Ln] ul//xs] f]
lg/Gt/ sfo{nfO{ /fS] g ltt/ljt/ ug{'cl3sf] sfo{ egs] f] c8\ g} xf] . 6f]nL gt] fn] lbg]
c8s\ f] cfbz] kf| oM uf]8f rfn\ / l56f] lx“8\df lbOG5 . 6f]nL gt] fsf] c8\ cfbz] df bfof“ uf8] fdf
rs] kfl/G5 eg] afofn“ fO{ ! / kg' M bfof“nfO{ @ ub}{ /f]lsG5 .

6fn] L c8s\ f] sfod{ f 8«d ahfpb“ f !–@, !–@, ! sf] tfndf ahfpg'k5{ . o;/L 8«d ahfpb“ f
afof“ / bfof“ v6' 6\ fdf !–@, afof“ / bfof“ v'6\6fdf !–@ / k'gM afof“ v6' \6fdf ! u/L 8d« ahfpg
/f]Sg'k5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 75

u/ / l;s M

lzIfssf] lgb{]zgadf]lhd ;;fgf ;d"xdf ljefhg eO{ kfn}kfnf] 6f]nL g]tf eP/
cfcfkm\ gf] ;dx" df sjfhsf lgDglnlvt sfox{ ¿sf nflu 8d« ahfpg] cEof; u/ / l;s M
!= uf]8f rfn\
@= l56f] lx8“ \
#= c8\

lj|mofsnfk !

!= ljBfyL{x¿ ;ªV\ ofcg;' f/ Ps jf tLg kªl\ St jf tft“ Ldf ldn .
@= ;ts{ / uf]8f kmf6\ sfo{ ul/;s]kl5 ;ts{ cj:yfdf /f]nsn u/ .
#= kªl\ Stsf] l7s cufl8 lardf a;L lzIfs÷ljBfyL{ cfkm“n} ] cfb]z bp] m / sjfhsf]

uf8] f rfNg] sfon{ fO{ kb| z{g u/ . ;fy} 8«dsf] tfn b]pm .
$= cfb]zcg';f/ ;a}n] u/] gu/]sf] cjnfs] g u/ .

ljm| ofsnfk !

!= ljBfyLx{ ¿sf] ;ª\Vofcg';f/ ;;fgf ;dx" df ljefhg eO{ Ps jf tLg kªl\ St jf
tft“ Ldf ldn .

@= kT| os] 6fn] L jf ;dx" df Ps Ps hgf hfGg] -l;k k|bz{g ug{ ;Sg_] 6fn] L g]tf
rog u/L ;ts{ / uf]8f kmf6\ sfo{ u/fO{ ;ts{ cj:yfdf /xL /fn] sn u/ .

#= k|Tos] kª\lStsf] l7s cufl8 6fn] L g]tf agL cfkm“} cfbz] lbg] / sjfh sfo{ kb| zg{
u/ . ;fy} 8d« klg ahfP/ x]/ .

$= cfbz] cg';f/ ;a}n] u/] gu/]sf] cjnfs] g u/ .
%= /fd/| L sjfh ug{ ;Sg]nfO{ kfn}kfnf] 6f]nL g]tf aGg nufpm . cEof; sfon{ fO{

af/Daf/ bfx] f]¥ofpm .

76 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgsf] 5f]6f] pQ/ b]pm M

-s_ sdfG8/ tyf 6f]nL g]tfsf] cfb]zfg';f/ ljleGg zf/Ll/s sfo{snfk
af/Daf/ bfx] f¥] ofpg] sfon{ fO{ s] elgG5 <

-v_ sjfhaf6 x'g] s'g} Pp6f kmfObf nv] .
-u_ l56f] lx“8\ sfo{ ubf{ uf]8f rfn cj:yfaf6 s'g v'6\6f klxn] cufl8

a9fpgk' 5{ <
-3_ 6fn] L c8s\ f] cfb]z lb“bf sg' v'66\ fdf c8\ kfg{'k5{ <
-ª_ afof“ kmss{ f] cfb]zdf sjfhstfx{ ¿n] ;;fgf kfOnf rfNb} stf df8] \gk' 5{ <

@= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ nv] M

-s_ sjfh egs] f] s] xf] <
-v_ sjfhaf6 xg' ] s'g} bO' {cf6] f kmfObf nv] .
-u_ uf8] f rfn\ sfo{ ug]{ tl/sf n]v .
-3_ 6f]nL c8\ ug{] kl| jm| of n]v .
-ª_ afof“ 3'd\ ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ b'O{cf]6f s/' fx¿ n]v .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 77

zf/Ll/s Jofofd #kf7

(Physical Training)

kl/ro

zf/Ll/s Jofofd cªu\ h]| L zAb lkmlhsn 6l«] gª (physical training) sf] gk] fnL ¿kfGt/ xf]
h;nfO{ kL=6L= sf] gfdn] klg lrlgG5 . o;sf] zflAbs cyn{ ] z/L/sf ;a} cªu\ af6 xg' ]
s;/tnfO{ afw] u/fp5“ . zf/Ll/s Jofofd eGgfn] tL zf/Ll/s ljm| ofsnfknfO{ ae' mfp5“ ,
h;n] z/L/nfO{ :j:y / tGb'?:t /fVg d bt ub5{ . klxn] klxn] kL=6L=nfO{ ;]gf tyf
k'ln;sf] s;/t eGg] al' emGYof] eg] cfhsn o;nfO{ ;fdfGo hghLjgsf] cfjZostfsf
;fy} ljBfnosf] Ps lgoldt ljm| ofsnfkcGtut{ ko| fu] ul/Psf] kfOG5 . t;y{ ;Dk0" f{
zf/Ll/s tGb'?:tL Pjd\ :jf:Yosf nflu zf/Ll/s Jofofd Ps pTtd ljm| of dflgG5 .
zf/Ll/s Jofofd Psn, o'un tyf ;fd"lxs h'g;'s} ¿kdf klg ug{ ;lsG5 t/ To;sf]
5gf6] JolStsf] cfjZostf Pjd\ cj:yfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ dfq ugk{' b{5 . o; kf7df
ljBfno :t/sf afnaflnsfx¿sf] zf/Ll/s cj:yfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL kf7o\ j|md ljsf;
s]Gb| tyf zl} Ifs hgzlSt ljsf; sG] b|cGtut{ sf z}lIfs lgsfox¿åf/f lzIfsx¿nfO{
kb| fg ul/“b} cfPsf] tflnd / o;;DaGwL Kofsh] tyf kf7\ok':tsdf ;dflji6 !# cf6] f

zf/Ll/s JofofdnfO{ /v] f lrq;lxt k:| t't ul/Psf] 5 .

zf/Ll/s Jofofddf xg' ] cfª\lus ljm| ofsf] /v] f lrq

kL=6L g=+ != z/L/ tGsfpg] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

s's'R{ rf hf]8]/ uGtL ! / @ df b'j} xftnfO{ cufl8af6 l;wf tGsfP/ bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 NofP/
;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg] dfly n}hfg] uGtL # / $ df bfof“ af“ofaf6 xftnfO{ k]6dfly b'j} gf8LnfO{
aundf NofO{ ;?' cj:yfdf h:t} u/L pleg] nuftf/ xNsf;“u j|m; u/fP/
u/]/ uGtL * df /f]Sg] pleg]

78 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

kL=6L g+=@= xft / uf]8fsf] Jofofd

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 uGtL ! df b'j} 38“' fnfO{ vD' rfp“b} j|m; u/L /fv]sf] bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 NofP/
NofP/ k]6dfly bj' } xftnfO{ la:tf/} bfof“ afof“ km}nfpg] k]6dfly b'j} gf8LnfO{
xNsf;“u j|m; u/fP/
gf8LnfO{ xNsf;u“ jm| ; uGtL @ df bfof“ afof“ ePsf] xftnfO{ cufl8 NofP/ pleg]
k]6dfly j|m; u/fO/fVg] . olt an] f klxn] v6' \6fsf]
u/fP/ pleg] ss' 'R{ rfn] / cGTodf kGhfn] 6S] g] ug'{k5{

nuftf/ u/]/ uGtL !^ df /f]Sg]

kL=6L g=+ #= kfv'/fsf] Jofofd

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 uGtL ! / @ df jm| ; ul/Psf] xftnfO{ gvD' RofOsg bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8
tnaf6 bfof“ afof“ x'b“ } lgwf/dfly j|m; u/fP/ kml] / NofP/ k6] dfly bj' }
NofP/ k]6dfly b'j} cufl8af6 b'j} xft emf/L bfof“ afof“ km}nfpg] gf8LnfO{ xNsf;“u jm| ;
gf8LnfO{ xNsf;“u j|m; uGtL # / $ df bfof“ afof“ /xs] f xftx¿nfO{ tn u/fP/ pleg]
u/fP/ pleg] NofP/ k6] g/] jm| ; u/fO{ Toxf“af6} dfly NofP/ xftnfO{

bfof“ afof“ km}nfP/ tn Nofpg] / cufl8 jm| ; u//]
/fVg] nuftf/ u/]/ uGtL !^ df /fS] g]

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 79

kL=6L g+= $= 5ftLsf] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

b'j} xftnfO{ cufl8 uGtL ! df afof“ v'66\ fnfO{ sl/a @) ;]=ld= afof“ km66\ xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L
fO{ j|m; ul//fv]sf] b'j} xftnfO{ bfof“ afof“ kmn} fpg] v6' 6\ f @) ;=] ld= km66\ fP/
NofP/ k6] dfly b'j} uGtL @ df bfof“ afof“ kmn} fPsf] xftnfO{ cufl8af6 tn l;wf pleg]
gf8LnfO{ xNsf;u“ jm| ; emf/L k6] g]/ jm| ; u/fO/fVg]
u/fP/ pleg] uGtL # df b'j} xftnfO{ bfof“ afof“af6 dfly nuL 5ftL

tTsfP/ k5fl8 n}hfg]
uGtL $ df bj' } xftnfO{ tn emf/L jm| ; u/fO/fVg]
nuftf/ u/]/ uGtL !^ df /f]Sg]

kL=6L g=+ %= sDd/sf] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L uGtL ! df bfof“ xftnfO{ bfof“af6} p7fP/ afof“tkm{ xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L
v6' 6\ f @) ;=] ld= km6\6fP/ 9Nsfpg], uGtL @ df pSt bfof“ xftnfO{ afof“af6 v6' 6\ f @) ;=] ld= km66\ fP/
p7fP/ bfoft“ kms{ } aundf /fVg,] uGtL # / $ df dflys}
l;wf pleg] lj|mofsnfk bf]xf]¥ofpg], uGtL %, ^, & / * df uGtL !, l;wf pleg]
@, # / $ df h:t} afof“ xftnfO{ afof“af6} dfly p7fP/
bfof“tkm{ 9Nsfpg] / p7fpg]
nuftf/ u//] uGtL !^ df /f]Sg]

80 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

kL=6L g+= ^= 9f8sf] Jofofd

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L uGtL !, @ / # df z/L/nfO{ cufl8 e'msfO{ cf“}nfn] xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L
v'6\6f @) ;]=ld= km66\ fP/ e'O“ 5g' ] sfl] ;; ug{] v6' 6\ f @) ;=] ld= km66\ fP/
l;wf pleg] uGtL $ df z/L/nfO{ l;wf p7fpg] l;wf pleg]
uGtL %, ^ / & df a'9L cf}“nfnfO{ k5fl8 kf/L
sDd/df xft /fv]/ z/L/nfO{ k5fl8 9Nsfpg]

uGtL * df z/L/nfO{ l;wf p7fpg]

nuftf/ uGtL !^ ;Dd ug{]

kL=6L g=+ &= 5ftL / sDd/sf] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

xftnfO{ aundf 6f“;L uGtL !, @, # / $ df v6' 6\ fnfO{ grnfOsg b'j} afof“ v'6\6fnfO{ bfof“tkm{
v'66\ f @) ;]=ld= km66\ fP/ xftnfO{ ;?' df afof“ bfof“ kml] / afof“ bfof“ a6f/]/ uGtL NofO{ hf]8]/ ;ts{
% df bj' } xftnfO{ af“of 5]plt/ x'Tofpg] . uGtL ^ cj:yfdf pleg]
l;wf pleg] df bfof“lt/ Nofpg] kml] / uGtL & df afof“ 5]plt/
xT' ofpg] / uGtL * df xftnfO{ aundf /fVg]

o;} u/L bfoft“ km{ klg u//] uGtL !^ df afof“ v6' 6\ fnfO{
bfof“tkm{ NofP/ /fS] g]

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 81

kL=6L g+= *= sd' / 3f“6Lsf] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

b'j} xftnfO{ aundf /fvL uGtL ! df bj' } xftnfO{ s'ddf /fvL afof“ v'66\ fnfO{ bj' } xftnfO{ aundf /fvL
afof“tkm{ km6\6fpg]
;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg] uGtL @ df bj' } xftnfO{ l;wf dfly nuL kGhfsf] ann] ;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg]

pleg]
uGtL # df b'j} xft sd' df /fvL ss' R{' rfn] pleg]
uGtL $ df bj' } xftnfO{ aundf /fvL ;ts{ cj:yfdf
pleg]
o;} u/L uGtL % df bfof“ v'66\ f bfoft“ km{ km66\ fP/
dfly h:t} ug{]
nuftf/ u//] uGtL !^ ;Dd ug]{

kL=6L g=+ (= 5ftLsf] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

b'j} xftnfO{ aundf /fvL uGtL ! / @ df afof“ v'66\ fnfO{ afoft“ km{ km6\6fP/ • @) ;=] ld v6' 6\ f km66\ fP/
;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg] z/L/nfO{ afof“ v6' \6fsf] a'9L cfn“} f 5g' ] u/L bO' { k6s b'j} xftnfO{ bfof“ 5]plt/
e'mSg]
uGtL # / $ df z/L/nfO{ p7fP/ bj' } xftnfO{ bfof“ afof“ t];|f]{ kf/]/ pleg]
k5fl8 nuL 5ftL tGsfP/ z/L/nfO{ xNsf k5fl8lt/
9Nsfpg]

uGtL % / ^ df dfly h:t} u/L bfof“ v'6\6ftkm{ b'O{
k6s e'msfpg]

uGtL & / * df z/L/nfO{ p7fP/ b'j} xftnfO{ bfof“
afof“ k5fl8 kmsfO{ { 5ftL tGsfP/ z/L/nfO{ k5fl8
9Nsfpg]

kg' M ;?' u/]/ uGtL !^ ;Dd ug{]

82 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

kL=6L g=+ !)= z/L/nfO{ 3'dfpg] Jofofd

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

@) ;]=ld= v'6\6f km66\ fP/ uGtL !, @, # / $ df bfoft“ km{ t;] f{Psf] b'j} xftnfO{ afof“ v'6\6fnfO{ bfof“
bj' } xftnfO{ bfof“ 5]plt/ cufl8af6 afof“tkm{ x'“b} z/L/nfO{ k'/} 3'dfP/ b'j} v'6\6fdf nuL hf]8\g] /
xftnfO{ afoft“ km{ t:] of{pg] ;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg]
t];f{] kf//] pleg]
uGtL @ df bj' } xftnfO{ l;wf dfly nuL kGhfsf] ann]
pleg]

uGtL %, ^, & / * df afof“tkm{ ePsf] xftnfO{
cufl8af6 bfoft“ km{ xb“' } z/L/nfO{ k/' f 3d' fO{ bj' } xftnfO{
bfoft“ km{ t:] ofp{ g]

nuftf/ u//] uGtL !^ ;Dd ug{]

kL=6L g+= !!= bj' } v'6\6fn] pkm| g] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

b'j} xftnfO{ aundf /fvL uGtL !, @, # / $ df b'j} v6' 6\ fn] xft aundf /fv]/ bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 k6] g/]
;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg] xNsf;“u rf/ k6s pkm| g] / xftnfO{ Ps;fy j|m; u/fO{ v6' 6\ f hf]8]/
uGtL %, ^, & / * df bj' } v6' 6\ f pleg]
km66\ fp“b} hf]8b\ } km6\6fp“b} ug{]

nuftf/ u//] uGtL !^ ;Dd ug{]

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 83

kL=6L g+= !@= sn' 8fpg ug]{ Jofofd g=+ -s_

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8 k]6g]/ uGtL ! df cln slt 3“8' f v'DRofP/ jm| ; ul/Psf bj' } xftnfO{ aundf NofO{
j|m; u/fO{ v'6\6f hf]8]/ xftx¿nfO{ klg v'6\6f v'DRofPs} ;f/df tnaf6 bfof“ ;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg]
afof“ kmn} fO{ kGhfn] 6]s/] l;wf pleg]
pleg] uGtL @ df bfof“ afof“ km}nfPsf xftx¿nfO{ cufl8
NofO{ j|m; u/fpg] / ss' 'R{ rfn] 6]s/] pleg]

nuftf/ u//] uGtL !^ ;Dd ug{]

kL=6L g+= !#= sn' 8fpg ug{] Jofofd g=+ -v_

;'?sf] cj:yf s;/t ubf{ z/L/sf] cj:yf clGtdsf] cj:yf

;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg] uGtL ! / @ df nfdf] ;f; tfg/] bj' } xftnfO{ cufl8af6 ;ts{ cj:yfdf pleg]
dflylt/ nh} fg]

uGtL # / $ df bj' } xftnfO{ bfof“ afof“af6 xNsf;u“
;f; aflx/ km\ofn/] xftnfO{ aundf Nofpg]

84 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

of]u (Yog) $kf7

ofu] f;gsf] kl/ro

ofu] f;gdf ljleGg cf;gx¿sf] cEof; ul/G5 . of]uf;g zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s s;/tsf
¿kdf ul/g] xb'“ f o;af6 zf/Ll/s ljsf;sf ;fy} dfgl;s ljsf; klg x'G5 . ofu] f;gx¿
ug'e{ Gbf klxn] hlxn] klg lhp ttfpg] s;/tx¿ ugk'{ 5{ . lhp ttfpg] s;/tn] ljleGg
zf/Ll/s lj|mofsnfk ug{sf nflu z/L/nfO{ tof/ u5{ .

ofu] f;gsf] dxŒj

:j:y z/L/leq :j:y dg xG' 5 eGg] cjwf/0ffnfO{ dgg ug]{ hLjg z}nL g} of]u xf] . ofu] n]
zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / cfWoflTds ltg} kIfnfO{ ;Gt'lnt ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ dbt u5{ . oLafx]
s b}lgs ¿kdf ul/g] ofu] f;gsf] dxŒjnfO{ lgDglnlvt a“'bfx¿df k|:tt' ug{ ;lsG5 M

-s_ ofu] f;gn] clgbf| af6 56' s\ f/f lbG5 . bl} gs ofu] fEof; ug{]
JolStnfO{ ulx/f] lgbf| nfU5 .

-v_ lgoldt ofu] f;g ug]{ JolStdf ysfO nfUb}g / lbge/
:k"mt{ /xg dbt u5{ .

-u_ bl} gs ¿kdf ofu] f;g ug{] JolStn] /fu] ;u“ n8g\ ] Ifdtf
xfl;n u5{ .

sIff 5df xfdLn] kbd\ f;g, ahf| ;g, wg'/f;g, d08s' f;g
/ ;jf;gsf] cEof; u¥of“} . o; kf7df xfdL lgDglnlvt
cf;gnfO{ zf/Ll/s s;/tsf ¿kdf cEof; ub{5f}“ M

cw{ dT:o]Gb|f;g (Ardha Matsyendrasan)

cw{ dT:oG] bf| ;g dT:oG] bf| ;gsf] gfdaf6 lnOPsf] xf] . of] gfd ;:+ st[ zAb cw{ egs] f] cfwf, dT:o]
egs] f] df5f, OGb| egs] f] /fhf / cf;g egs] f] a;fO xf] . of] cf;gdf ;i' fD' gfnfO{ tnbl] v dfly;Dd a6fg{]
ul/G5 . of] cf;gn] ;i' fD' gfsf :gfo' g;fx¿ / lemNnLx¿df ke| fj kf5{ eg] kfrg k0| ffnLdf /fdf| ] ke| fj
kf5{ . of] cf;g ubf{ lgDglnlvt r/0fnfO{ Wofg lbO{ ug'{kb5{ M

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 85

-s_ ;'?df v'66\ f cufl8 km} nfP/ a:g'kb{5 .
-v_ bfof“ v6' \6f df8] /] afof“ lkmnfdf s'sr{ fn] 5g' ] u/L ug'{kb{5 .
-u_ afof“ v'66\ f bfof“ 38'“ fsf] glhs nh} fgk' b{5 .

-3_ bfof“ kfv/' f / sl' xgf afof“ lt3|f / lk“8f“n} fdf aflx/lt/af6 c8\sfpb“ } v6' 6\ fsf] a'9L
cf“}nf jf kt} fnfsf] dflyNnf] efu ;dfpg] ul/G5 .

o; cf;gdf nfdf] ;f; tfGg] / 5f8] \g] sfd;u“ } z/L/nfO{ afof“lt/ a6f5f+}{ / afof“ xft 3d' fP/
9f8af6 bfof“ xfttkm{ nU5f“} . o;sf ;fy} 6fpsf] klg ;s] hlt w]/} afof“lt/ df8] \5f}“ .
To;} u/L o;sf] l7s pN6f] bfofl“ t/ a6f5f}“{ / bfof“ xft 3d' fP/ 9f8af6 afof“ xfttkm{ nU5f“}
. 6fpsf] klg ;s];Dd bfofl“ t/ df]8\5f}“ . Zjf;kZ| jf; ;fdfGo ¿kdf u/L of] cf;g Ps
ldg]6;Dd ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ 9f8sf] /f]u ePsf JolStn] of] cf;g ug'{ xb'“ g} .

ufd] 'vf;g (Gomukhasan)

uf]d'vf;g a;/] ul/g] cf;g xf] . 38“' f cfk;df
df]8]/ a:bf ufO{sf] d'v h:t} b]lvg] ePsfn]
o;nfO{ ufd] v' f;g elgPsf] xf] . of] cf;g ubf{
9f8 b'v]sf] lgsf] x'G5 . of] cf;g ubf{ lgDg
lnlvt r/0f ckgfpg'k5{ M

-s_ ;?' df 38“' f df]8]/ a:5f“} / bfof“ v6' 6\ fdfly afof“ v'6\6fnfO{ dflyaf6 df]8/] /fV5f}“ .
-v_ To;kl5 bj' } k}tfnf lkmnfsf] bfof“ afof“ kg{ hfG5 / b'j} 3'8“ f tn dfly bl] vg] xb“' f

ufOs{ f] d'v h:tf] b]lvG5 .
-u_ ca bfof“ xftnfO{ sfw“ af6 / afof“ xftnfO{ lkl7p“lt/af6 nuL ;dfOG5 .
-3_ 9f8 l;wf /fvL 5ftL k'mns] f] / k]6 bas] f] cj:yfdf a;L nfdf] Zjf; km] l/G5 .

-ª_ afof“tkms{ f] klg ;f]xLcg;' f/ cEof; ul/G5 .

eh' ª\uf;g (Bhujangasan)

e'hª\u eg]sf] ;k{ xf] . of] cf;gnfO{ ;kf{;g klg
elgG5 . ;'ifD' gf bv' s] fsf / slAhot ePsfsf
nflu of] cf;gn] w]/} kmfObf u5{ . of] cf;g ubf{
lgDglnlvt kl| j|mof ckgfpgk' 5{ M

86 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

-s_ ;'?df 3fK] 6f] k/L ;'Tgk' 5{ .

-v_ To;kl5 b'j} 3“8' f / ss' r{' f cfk;df hfl] 8g] u/L ;“u} /flvG5 .

-u_ To;kl5 bj' } xftn] 6]s/] 6fpsf] / 5ftLnfO{ la:tf/} dfly p7fp5“ f}“ .

-3_ ca nfdf] ;f; k]m/]/ Psl5g ToxL cf;gdf a:g'k5{ .

dT:of;g (Matsyasan)

dT:of;g dT:o -df5f_ / cf;g ldn]/ ag]sf]
zAbfanL xf] . o;df df5fsf] h:tf] cf;gdf
al;G5 . of] cf;gdf a:gsf nflu lgDg lnlvt
kl| jm| of ckgfpgk' 5{ M

-s_ v6' 6\ f bf]af| P/ kbd\ f;gdf al;G5 .
-v_ To;kl5 pTtfgf] k/]/ ;T' b} la:tf/} 5ftLnfO{ dfly p7fpg] ul/G5 .
-u_ cEof; ub}{ hf“bf 6fpsfsf] dflyNnf] efun] hldgdf 6s] s] f] x'G5 . t/ z/L/sf] af]em

eg] To;df k/]sf] x'g' x“'bg} .
-3_ of] cf;g ubf{ v6' 6\ fsf] bj' } a'9L cf}“nfnfO{ bfof“ / afof“ xftn] ;dfP/ k5fl8k6l\ 6

tGsfpg'k5{ .

;'Kt ahf| ;g (Supta Bajrasan)

;'Kt ah|f;g ugf{n] dl:tisdf /St ;~rf/ a9\g
uO{ JolStdf l;hg{ fTdstf j[l4 x'G5 . o;df ;?' df
ah|f;gdf a:5f“} . clg la:tf/} k5fl8lt/ 9Ns]/
6fpsfnfO{ hldgdf c8o\ fp“5f“} .
To;kl5 3“8' fnfO{ ;“u} /fvL hldgdf cf/fdsf ;fy
/fVg'k5{ . clg la:tf/} 3f“6L, sf“w / 9f8nfO{ klg hldgdf c8\ofp“5f}“ . To;kl5 b'j} xftnfO{
lt3f| dfly ;f]emf] kf/]/ /flvG5 . klxns] f] cj:yfdf cfpg xft / sl' xgfsf] ;xfotf lnOG5 .

of]u d'bf| ;g (Yog Mudrasan)

ofu] db' |f;gn] slAhot x6fpg'sf ;fy} kfrg zlSt
a9fpg ;xof]u u5{ . ;'?df cw{ kbd\ f;gdf a:5f“} .
To;kl5 xft k5fl8 /fvL Ps csfs{ f] gf8L ;dfT5f“} .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 87

z/L/nfO{ l;wf /fvL nfdf] ;f; leq tfG5f}“ . cf“vf aGb u/L nfdf] ;f; lnP/ lj:tf/} k"/f
;f; aflx/ kmfNb} tn e'mSg] / lgwf/n] eO' “ 5G' 5f“} . To;kl5 nuTt} ;f; leq tfgL la:tf/}
aflx/ kmfN5f}“ / sx] L ;dokl5 klxnfsf] cj:yfd} kmlsG{ 5f“}+ .

kjg d'Stf;g (Pawan muktasan)

kjg d'Stf;g ugf{n] k]6sf] Uof; aflxl/G5 . k]6sf]
af];f] 36\5 . 3'“8f / lxksf] nrstf a9\5 . o;
cf;gdf cfkmg\ f] 9f8lt/af6 ;T' 5f“} / ;f; leq tfG5f“} .
To;kl5 afof“ v'66\ fnfO{ 3'“8fdf v'DRofp“5f}“ . b'j} xftsf
cf}“nfx¿ Ps csf{df hf]8]/ v'6\6fnfO{ k]6lt/ 5'g] u/L
tfG5f}“ . ca 6fpsfnfO{ p7fO{ gfsnfO{ 3'“8f;“u 5'jfp“5f}“ / csf{] v'6\6f ;f]em} /fV5f}“ .
To;kl5 ;f;nfO{ Ps l5g /f]sL /fV5f}“ . Ps l5gkl5 klxn]sf] cj:yfdf hfG5f}“ / ;f;nfO{
5f]8\5f}“ . o;} u/L csf{] v'6\6fn] klg ;f]xL sfo{ bf]xf]¥ofp“5f}“ . b'j} v'6\6f v'DRofP/ klg
of] cf;g ug{ ;lsG5 .

ds6{ f;g (Markatasan)

ds{6f;g z/L/nfO{ ljleGg tl/sfn] dsf{pg]
cf;g xf] . o;nfO{ ;'t/] ugk{' 5{ . oxf“ ;'t]/ ul/g]
ds6{ f;gaf/] tn lbOPcg;' f/ cEof; ug{] 5f“} .

-s_ v'66\ f vD' RofP/ uf8] fnfO{ xNsf hf]8]/ ;u“ } /
fv/] klg ug{ ;lsG5 .

-v_ of] cf;g ubf{ ;'t/] bfof“ v'6\6fnfO{ l;wf /fvL
csf]{ v6' 6\ f s}r“ L kf/L vK6o\ fpg] / xftn] To;sf] a'9L cf“n} f ;dfpg] Pjd\ csf]{ xft
ljk/Lt lbzftkm{ kmsf{O{ 6fpsfnfO{ ptl} t/ kmsf{pg] / xTsn] fdf x]g{] ugk{' 5{ .

-u_ dfly ul/P em}“ To;sf] pN6f] u/L of] cf;g k"/f ug{ ;lsG5 .

88 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

cEof;
-s_ tnsf kZ| gx¿sf 5f]6f] pQ/ nv] M

!= of]uf;gsf] dxŒj lsg 5, nv] .
@= cw{dT:oG] b|f;g / ufd] 'vf;gsf] km/s 5'6\ofpm .
#= eh' ªu\ f;g / dT:of;gsf r/0fx¿ n]v .
$= ;K' t ah|f;g / of]u db' f| ;gsf tl/sfx¿ atfpm .
%= kjg dS' tf;g / ds{6f;gsf] leGgtf bv] fpm .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 89

vn] (Games) %kf7

vn] l;h{gfsf nflu cTofjZos kIf xf] . zf/Ll/s kIfsf] ljsf;sf cnfjf lg0fo{ Ifdtf
j[l4sf nflu klg v]nn] dxŒjk0" f{ e"ldsf v]N5 . n's]sf] k|ltef k:| k'm6g ug,{ gt] T[ j Ifdtf
jl[ 4 ug,{ ;do Joj:yfkg ug{ tyf ;fdl" xs sfo{ ug{ ;d]t v]nn] dbt ub{5 . vn] df
;xefuL x'b“ f xfd|f] afl} 4s tyf zf/Ll/s :t/ j[l4 x'g] ePsfn] g} xfdL cGo sfdx¿ 5f8] /]
eP klg v]ndf efu lng] u5f“{} . o; kf7df xfdL elnan, k'm6annufot v]nsf cfwf/et"
l;kcGtu{t ;le{; / l8luª tyf cGosf] klg cEof; ug{] 5f“} .

-s_ elnan vn] sf cfwf/e"t l;kx¿

elnan v]n /fd/| L vN] gsf nflu cfwf/e"t l;k hfGg' cfjZos x'G5 . oxf“ xfdL ljleGg
cfwf/et" l;kx¿dWo] l8luª / ;le{;af/] cEof; ug]{ 5f}“ .

!= l8luª (Digging)

l8luª elnan v]nsf] Pp6f cfwf/e"t l;k xf] . o;df 5ftLdl' g cfPsf] annfO{ p7fpg b'O{

90 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

xft hf8] ]/ s'Ogf ;f‰] ofP/ yflkG5 . an gf8Ldf cyf{t\ gf8Lsf] b'j} xftsf] lardf d6' 7\ LeGbf
cln dfly / sO' gfeGbf tn kf/L ;xL tl/sfn] xfGgk' b5{ . o;sf nflu cEof;sf] h?/t kb5{ .
l8luª ubf{ v6' 6\ fnfO{ cln vD' RofOPsf] cj:yfdf /fVgk' 5{ .

l8luªsf] cEof;

ljm| ofsnfk

tLg tLg hgfsf] ;dx" agfpm . bO' { hgf l8luª ug{] ;fyL Psflt/ a; . csf]{lt/ Ps
hgf ;fyLn] an kmfNb} b'O{ hgfnfO{ kfnk} fnf] l8luªsf] cEof; u/ . of] sfo{ ;an} ]
kfn}kfnf] u/ .

ljm| ofsnfk

lrqdf b]vfOP h:t} 5 hgfsf] ;d"xdf tLg tLg hgfsf] kª\lSt agfP/ a; .
Psflt/af6 an kf; ug]{ u/ / csfl{] t/af6 l8luª u/]/ kmsf{pg] u/ . Psl5gkl5
csf]{kl66\ af6 an kmfn / klxnf kmfNg] ;fyLx¿n] l8luª u//] kmsfp{ g] u/ . of] cEof;
;an} ] kfnf] kfpg] u/L u/ .

lj|mofsnfk

g]6;lxtsf] elnan sf]6{sf] b'j}lt/ tLg tLg hgfsf] tf“tL agfO{ cfdg];fdg] a; .
klxnf] ;fyLn] an l8u u/k] l5 tft“ Lsf] k5fl8 a:g uO{ ;an} ] l8luªsf] cEof; u/ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 91

@= cG8/xo\ fG8 ;le;{ (Underhand Service)

cG8/x\ofG8 ;le{; elnan v]nsf] Pp6f cfwf/e"t l;k xf] . o;df annfO{ Ps xftn]
p7fpg] / csf]{ xftn] xfGg] ul/G5 . andf ;xL 7fpd“ f lxsf{pg / lglZrt b/' L kf/ u/fO{
ljkIfLsf] sf]6d{ f k7fpg af/Daf/ cEof;sf] h?/t kb{5 .

cG8/xo\ fG8 ;le;{ ubf{ z/L/sf] l:ylt
clnslt cufl8 ´s' fpg,] bfof“ xft rnfpgn] ]
afof“ v6' 6\ f yf/] } cufl8 /fVg] / afof“ xftdf
an /fvL bfof“ xftn] annfO{ lxsfP{ sf]
xg' k' 5{ . annfO{ d6' 7\ L kf/L ljkIfL sf6] d{ f
lxsf{Pdf c´ ;lhnf] x'G5 .

cG8/xo\ fG8 ;le;{ cEof; ug{] tl/sf

lj|mofsnfk

sf]6{sf] Psfkl6\6 tLg tLg hgfsf] b'O{ kª\lStdf cufl8 / k5fl8 u/L a; .
csf]k{ 6\l6 tft“ Ldf a;/] kfnk} fnf] sf]6l{ eq uO{ g6] bl] v # ld6/, ^ ld6/ / ( ld6/
6f9faf6 cG8/x\ofG8 ;le{;sf] cEof; u/ . ;le{; u/]sf] annfO{ csf]{k6\l6sf
;fyLx¿n] kmsfp{ g] cEof; u/ .

lj|mofsnfk

elnan sf]6{sf] jl/kl/ ;a} ;fyLx¿ pleP/ a; . To;kl5 Ps Ps hgf kfnk} fnf]
sf6] s{ f] lardf uP/ cG8/x\ofG8 ;le;{ ug{] tl/sfaf6 annfO{ ;s];Dd dfly lxsf{pg]
cEof; u/ .

-v_ km' 6an vn] sf cfwf/et" l;kx¿

km' 6an nf] slko| vn] xf] . w/] } dflg;n] km' 6an vN] 5g\ . ;fy} of] v]n dg k/fp5“ g\ . k'm6an
v]nsf] lgod ;lhn} ae' \mg] ePsfn] clwsf+z dflg; cle?lrsf ;fy v]Ng] ub5{ g\ . k'm6an
vn] v]Ngsf nflu ljleGg l;kx¿ l;Sg' h?/L xG' 5 . o; kf7df xfdL lslsª, 6o« flkª /
xl] 8ª ug]{ tl/sf af/] cEof; ug]{ 5f}“ .

92 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

lslsª (Kicking)

lslsª eg]sf] km' 6an v]nsf] Pp6f cfwf/et" l;k xf] . o;df u'8/] cfPsf] annfO{ l;w}
kmsf{pg] u/L lxsf{pg] jf /fs] /] xfGg] ul/G5 . ;fy} p8]/ cfPsf] annfO{ klg l;w} kmsf{pg
;lsG5 jf 6o« flkª u//] dfq lslsª ul/G5 . oxf“ xfdL lslsªaf/] cEof; ug]{ 5f“} .

!= Og;fO8 lslsª

Og;fO8 lslsªdf annfO{ v'6\6fsf] uf]nLuf7“ fb]lv a9' L cf}“nfsf] efuaf6 lxsf{OG5 . bfof“
v'6\6fn] an lss ug'{ 5 eg] cln bf}8]/ cfP/ afof“ v'6\6fnfO{ l7s an;“u} /flvG5 / bfof“
v'66\ fn] hf8] nufO{ lxsfp{ gk' 5{ .

@= Og:6]k lslsª

Og:6k] lslsªdf annfO{ h'Ttfsf] lkmTtf afW“ g] 7fp“af6 lxsfO{ G5 . of] xfGg] tl/sf klg
Og;fO8 lslsª h:t} k5fl8af6 bf}8]/ cfP/ g} xf] .

#= lslsªsf] cEof;

Og;fO8 / Og:6k] lslsªaf/] yfxf ePkl5 ca xfdL tL l;kx¿sf] cEof; ug{] 5f“} .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 93

lj|mofsnfk

of] cEof; tLg tLg hgf ;fyLsf] ;d"xdf
ugk{' 5{ . vN] g] rf}/df rf/ s'gfdf rf/ cf6] f
;ªs\ t] /fVgk' 5{ . an kf; ubf{ hlxn] klg
vfnL s'gfdf ug'{k5{ / glhssf] ;fyL bf}8/]
annfO{ e]6fpg] ko| f; ug'{k5{ . bf8} bf hlxn]
klg lrxg\ aflx/af6 bf8} gk' 5{ . of] cEof; ubf{
Og;fO8 / Og:6k] lss kfnk} fnf] ko| fu] ugk{' 5{ .
cfkm\ gf] kfnf] ;lsPkl5 ;an} ] kfnf] kfpg] u/L cEof; ug'{k5{ .

lj|mofsnfk

5 hgf ;fyLx¿ tLg tLg hgfsf] tft“ L agfO{ cufl8
bf8} g'k5{ . tft“ Lsf] ;a}eGbf k5fl8sf] ;fyLn] csf{]
tft“ Lsf] larsf] ;fyLnfO{ Og:6]k lss u/L an kf;
u5{ . Tolt a]nf;Dd klxnf] tft“ Lsf ;fyLx¿ cln
cufl8 bf}8]sf xG' 5g\ . an kfpg] ;fyLn] Og;fO8
lss u/L klxnf] tft“ Lsf klxnf] ;fyLnfO{ an kf;
u5{ . of] cEof;df an kf; lngsf nflu la:tf/}
bf}8g'k5{ . o;/L b'j} ;d"xsf ;a} ;fyLn] cEof;
ul/;sk] l5 k'gM csf]{ ;fyLnfO{ cEof; u/fpg'k5{ . ansf] ;ª\Vof w/] } ePdf a9L
;dx" agfP/ klg cEof; ug{ ;lsG5 .

6«oflkª (Trapping)

6o« flkª k'm6an v]nsf] Pp6f cfwf/e"t l;k xf] . o;df k'm6annfO{
z/L/sf] ljleGg efusf] dbb\ taf6 lgoGq0fdf lng] ul/G5 . ansf]
ju] , prfO / lbzfcg;' f/ ;xL tl/sfn] 6o« flkª ug{ af/Daf/ cEof;sf]
vfr“ f] kb5{ .

6o« flkª ubf{ lgDglnlvt s/' fx¿df Wofg lbg'kb5{ M

!= u8' s] f] an 6«oflkª ubf{ Ps v6' \6fn] z/L/sf] ef/nfO{ ;Gt'ngdf /fvL csf{] v6' \6fnfO{
clnslt dfly p7fP/ and'lg kfb}{ yf/] } k5fl8 tfGg] ug{'k5{ .

94 :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff &

@= lt3f| af6 6o« flkª ug]{ eP annfO{ lt3|fn] yfKgf;fy cln tn tfGg] ugk{' 5{ .

#= k]6n] 6«oflkª ubf{ ann] k6] df 5g' ] a]nfdf Psl} 5g ;f; /fS] g] / k6] nfO{ clnslt leq
tfGg] ug'k{ 5{ .

$= 5ftLn] 6o« flkª ubf{ klg k6] sf] 6«oflkªdf h:t} k|ljm| of ckgfpg'k5{ .

6«oflkªsf] cEof; ug]{ tl/sf

lj|mofsnfk

a9Ldf ;ft hgf;Ddsf] ;d"x agfpm . sIff ;ª\u7g cªu\ h|] L cIf/ ‘;L’ cfsf/ jf
cw{3/] fdf /xL kfn}kfnf] Ps Ps ljBfyL{n] xNsf u8' fP/ jf p7fP/ an kf; lbb“ } v'6\6f,
lt3|f, k6] / 5ftLsf] 6o« flkª cEof; u/ .

lj|mofsnfk

b'O{cf6] f a/fa/ ;ª\Vofsf] ;d"xsf] kªl\ Stdf a;L v6' \6f, lt3f| , k]6 / 5ftLsf] 6o« flkªsf]
cEof; u/ .

x]l8ª (Heading)

x]l8ª eg]sf] k'm6an v]nsf]
Pp6f cfwf/et" l;k xf] . o;df
k'm6annfO{ 6fpsfsf] cufl8
efuaf6 xfGg] ul/G5 . ansf]
j]u, prfO / lbzfcg';f/ ;xL
tl/sfn] x]l8ª ug{ af/Daf/
cEof; ugk'{ b5{ .

xl] 8ª ubf{ lgDglnlvt s'/fx¿df Wofg lbg'kb{5 M
!= 6fpsfeGbf dfly cfPsf] annfO{ Vofn ug{'k5{ .
@= sd prfOaf6 cfPsf] andf x]l8ª ubf{ ljkIfL glhs eP gePsf] Vofn ug'{k5{ .
#= xl] 8ª ubf{ kf| oM 6fpsfsf] cufl8 efunfO{ ko| f]u ugk{' 5{ .

:jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIFf, sIff & 95