2南非叶

南非叶

Vernonia amygdalina Del.

扁桃斑鸠菊（学名：Vernonia amygdalina Del.），别称南非叶、
药王叶、桃叶斑鸠菊、杏叶斑鸠菊、苦茶叶、南非树。是生长在非洲热
带地区的一种小灌木。熟叶是整个赤道非洲各种文化的汤和炖菜的主
食。原产非洲南部。已经在世界多地种植。

可以当做食物又可以作为药材的植物很多，南非叶就是其中一种。南
非叶还是一种比较特别的有用植物，因为南非叶的功效很多，南非叶的
作用也比较特别。下面我们就来具体说说，再看看南非叶的食用方法有
哪些?有兴趣的朋友要多关注下哟。

南非叶因为最早生长于南非，所以称其为南非叶，也有称其为“将军
叶”或者“苦茶”，南非叶既可以作为茶叶泡茶，也可以作为中药制作
成药品治疗多种疾病。

1、降血压

南非叶有清热解毒的功效，对降低血压具有一定的辅助治疗作用。

2、抗肿瘤

南非叶富含抗氧化剂倍半萜内酯和斑鸠菊苷，而抗氧化剂具有抵抗自由
基的攻击、防止细胞氧化的功用，也就是说，如果有“敌人”想攻击身
体细胞，抗氧化剂会先替身体挨这一刀，以达到保护身体的作用，所以
有抗癌功效。南非叶提取物氯仿、乙酸乙酯对肿瘤细胞增殖具有抑制作
用。

3、消毒

南非叶提取物具有消毒作用，经常用于治疗疟疾、性传播病，同时在部
分国家和地区代替碘酒，外用于伤口消毒。

4、清热解毒

南非叶性味苦寒，可如肝经、胆经、肺经、大肠经，具有清热解毒的作
用。由于南非叶特别苦寒，在配伍使用中宜搭配辛温药材如姜半夏，起
到调和作用。

Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small
shrub that grows in tropical Africa. V. amygdalina typically grows to a
height of 2–5 m (6.6–16.4 ft). The leaves are elliptical and up to 20 cm
(7.9 in) long. Its bark is rough.[1] V. am

It is commonly called bitter leaf in English because of its bitter
taste. The cooked leaves are a staple vegetable in soups and stews of
various cultures throughout equatorial Africa. African common names
include grawa (Amharic), ewuro (Yoruba), etidot (Ibibio), onugbu (Igbo),
ityuna (Tiv), oriwo (Edo), chusar-doki (Hausa), mululuza (Luganda),
labwori (Acholi), olusia (Luo), and ndoleh (Cameroon)

Vernonia amygdalina., also known as bitter leaf, is a plant that is
widely used in Africa to treat a multiplicity of diseases including
schistosomiasis, amebic dysentery, and gastrointestinal problems
(Huffman et al., 1996Halton DW (1974): Haemoglobin absorption in the
gut of a monogenean trematode Diclidophora merlangi.. Parasitology
60: 59–66. [Google Scholar]; Masaba, 2000Masaba SC (2000): The
antimalarial activity of Vernonia amygdalina. Del (Compositae). Trans
Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 694–695.[Crossref], , [Google Scholar]).
Although any part of the plant can be used, there seems to be a
preference for the leaves, which are quite bitter in taste, the bitterness
being taken as a sign of potency
(Masaba, 2000Masaba SC (2000): The antimalarial activity of Vernonia
amygdalina. Del (Compositae). Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 94: 694–
695.[Crossref], , [Google Scholar]).