“R-WATER” Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor 1st Ketut Ari Sastrawan, 2nd Ni Komang Ary Dharma Pertiwi, 3rd Gede Sumerta Yasa, 4th Kadek Yuda Wiryanatha 1) Engineering and Vocational, Ganesha University of Education, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia ([email protected]) 2) Engineering and Vocational, Ganesha University of Education, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia ([email protected]) 3) Engineering and Vocational, Ganesha University of Education, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia ([email protected]) 4) Engineering and Vocational, Ganesha University of Education, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia ([email protected]) ABSTRACT In this research, a product that functions as an automatic rice sprinkler was made. R-WATER is designed to simplify the work of farmers in spraying pesticides used to protect rice from pests, as well as to streamline the effectiveness, watering time, and energy used in the watering process. This study uses the development research method from Sugiono, namely research and development (R&D). The R-WATER product has gone through the expert validation test stage and the community group validation test in using this R-WATER product tool. Based on the results of the electronic instrument expert test on the product "R-WATER" obtained 88.45% in very decent qualifications, (2) small group test results 91.25% in very good qualifications, and (3) large group test results 89.50 % on qualifying very well. So the Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor "R-WATER" product can be used as a tool capable of spraying or watering pesticides on rice which can save farmers' time and energy. Keywords: rice sprinkler, arduino, R&D, pesticide. 1. Introduction Agriculture is an activity of biological resources carried out by humans to produce food, industrial raw materials, or energy sources, as well as to manage their environment. The activities of utilizing biological resources, including agriculture, are commonly understood by people as cultivating plants or growing crops. One of the agricultural commodities that are widely cultivated and become the staple food in Indonesia is rice. In the treatment of rice plants, to optimize rice growth and control the attack of Plant Pest Organisms (OTP) either in the form of pests or diseases so that there is no excessive damage to the plants so that the production target of the cultivated plants can be achieved as desired, one of which is the provision of substances. additives (fertilizers or pesticides). Until now, to spray pesticides, they still use manual carrying tanks, namely those that still use the lever to pump pesticides in the tank, it requires a lot of energy to water rice on a large area. The performance of the manual carrying sprayer is still less than perfect, where the pesticide droplets released are not smooth so that they are not evenly distributed over the entire leaf surface. This causes the work of farmers to be less efficient in terms of time and energy. To speed up the process of spraying pesticides, an Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor was designed. This tool uses an electric pump powered by solar panels to pump out pesticide liquid. It is also equipped with an ultrasonic sensor to detect the distance between the nozzle and the rice. Farmers only need to direct the nozzle to water the rice, so it will be efficient for farmers and the spraying time will be faster. 2. Method and Experimental Details
The research method used in this study uses a Research & Development approach. Research and development methods are research methods used to produce certain products, and test the effectiveness of these products. (Sudaryo, et al, 2013:11). According to Sugiyono (2009), the steps of R&D research consist of 10 steps as follows: (1) Potential and Problems; (2) Data Collection; (3) Product Design; (4) Design Validation; (5) Design Revision; (6) Product trial; (7) Product Revision; (8) Trial of Use; (9) Product Revision; and (10) Mass Production. The results of research and development carried out are "R-WATER" Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor which is implemented to make it easier for farmers to spray insecticides or pesticides to prevent rice from pests, so it does not require a lot of energy or fuel costs to pump the chemical liquid. 3. Results and Discussion The resulting product is in the form of a pesticide or insecticide sprayer in the form of a carrying tank with a hose and nozzle equipped with electronic components as a controller and powered by solar panels. Before making the tool, the "R-WATER" tool design process was carried out, then a design validation test was carried out by an electronics expert. After the design is declared feasible, the process of making the "R-WATER" tool is carried out according to the approved design. After completion, testing the performance of the tool related to the use of the supply current by the control and pump components, the distance of the liquid jet, and the pressure generated by the pump at each voltage variation generated by the solar panel at a certain light intensity. 4. Conclusion The results of this research and development are data from the validation results of electronic devices that were tested by lecturers who are experts in the field of electronics, and test data of instrument performance. The Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor has been successfully designed and used for spraying or spraying pesticides. Based on the results of the electronic instrument expert test on the product "R-WATER" obtained 88.45% in very decent qualifications, (2) small group test results 91.25% in very good qualifications, and (3) large group test results 89.50 % on qualifying very well. So the Arduino Based Rice Watering System Using Ultrasonic Sensor "R-WATER" product can be used as a tool capable of spraying or watering pesticides on rice which can save farmers' time and energy. "R-WATER" can provide positive benefits for farmers, because with this tool farmers can reduce the use of energy in applying pesticides and shorten the time needed. 5. Acknowladgements We would like to thank the Indonesian Young Scientist Association (IYSA) which has organized the International Science and Invention Fair 2022 event. We also would like to thank to the Department of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Engineerig and Vocational, Ganesha University of Education which had supported this research, gave facilities, and fund. And also thanks to the development team which had helped and supported this research from beginning until successful. 6. References [1] Chaid17, 2019. Sistem Kendali. [Online] Available at: https://elektronikaportal.com/2019/08/17/sistemkendali/#:~:text=Sistem%20kendali%2 F%20sistem%20kontrol%20adalah%2 0merupakan%20sekumpulan%20cara% 2F,sistem%20agar%20tujuan%20dari %20sistem%20tersebut%20dapat%20d icapai. [Accessed 15 September 2022].
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