Chapter 4 Matrices
4.1 Concept of Matrices
Matrix 3 5 1 Row 3 5 1
1 0 4 1 0 4
Column
Order of a Matrix m n matrix
P 3 5 1 2 rows 先看 row,才看 column
1 0 4
3 columns
P is a 2 3 matrix
(a) 8 (b) (C) 2 1
0 3 rows
3 4 3 1 4
3 5
1 column 0 6
3 1 matrix 2 2 matrix
(d) (e) 3 2 5 (f) 2 0 5
1 1 1
0 7 0 3 4
5
Elements in a Matrix – All the numbers in a matrix.
(a) (b)
8 X 4 3
P 0 3 5
3 Matrix X has 4 elements
Matrix P has 3 elements
8 1st row 8 P11
P 0 2nd row P 0 P21
3rd row P31
3 3
1st column
X11 X12
X 4 3 1st row X 4 3
3 5 2nd row 3 5
1st 2nd X 21 X 22
column column
相等
4.2 Concept of Equal Matrices
1. 8 N 2 1 3
M 0
3 1 3 matrix
3 1 matrix
matrix M matrix N
不相等
2. 5 3 5 x
2 6 y 6
P Q
2 2 matrix 2 2 matrix
matrix P matrix Q 相等
x 3 , y 2
3. 3 7 3 2x 5
Given that y 5 8 1 8 , find the
values of x and y.
2x 5 7 y 5 1
2x 7 5 y 1 5
2 5
x 2
2
1
加法和减法
4.3 Addition and Subtraction of Matrices
1. 5 2 7 5+2=7 **只要对齐,
4 0 4 -4 + 0 = -4 像平时做加减法
3 3 6 3+3=6 一样就对了。
2. 1 8 1 2 4 1
0 5 2 1 2 2
3. 1 3 2 0
5 4 1 3
4. 6 3 5
4 2 8
5. 2 9 0 7 4 6 8 7
3 5 3 8 4 9 1 4
2 7 3 x 1 5 10
6. Given that 5 9 1 5 6 y ,
find the values of x and y.
乘法
4.4 Multiplication of a Matrix by a Number
1. 3 5 2 15 60 5 2
1 0 3 1 0
**
有 4 个 element (号码),
3 x 5 = 15 3x2=6 像平时做乘法,每个
3 x -1 = -3 3x0=0
element 都要乘 3 ,答案
写回正确的位子。
2. 1 122 14 3 11 1 12 3 1 4 1
4 1
4 4
2 4
1 2 1 1 1 1
42 44
3. 8 72 1 26
3 2
4. 4 3 2 2 01
5 1 3
5. 2 3 212 4 01
4
6. 4 0 3 2 01
7 1 1
7. 4 1 2 3 1 0 2
8. 2 2 2 3 1 5 0 10
5
9. 1 3 21 2 12
3 6
10. 13 23 2 63
4 3
11. 2 12 1 2 13 2
1 0 1 1 2
3
3
12. 11 1 3 02 3 1 21
8 1 1 4
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