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contents
Reading Vocabulary
Matching Sport-related words
matching descriptions Word formation
Text related to the topic
Grammar Writing
Conditionals : zero & first Sentence transformation
Second conditional Clauses of purpose
if Transforming sentences
Members
Nashriah Banu
Damia Umaiyrah
Tuan Nur Hannah
Raudhatul Atheerah
Miftahul Ainnur Insyirah
WORD FOCUS
There are many different kinds of sports that are undertaken by a wide
variety of different people. Some people do sport for their career and
other people purely do sport for enjoyment and recreation. Some
sports, like cricket, require the use of a lot of equipment, while others
need very little in order to successfully play a game in that
sport. Some people use public playing fields to play sport for free,
while other sports such as squash, tennis, badminton and table tennis
are usually paid for on an hourly basis in the comfort of a local leisure
centre.
Most sports are played with a round object often known as a ball. Some
sports use more than one ball and snooker is one of the unique sports
that make use of a number of balls while being played. The game itself
is often controlled by an impartial individual known as an umpire in
cricket and a referee in sports like football and rugby. Most sports have
a duration of not more than a few hours, however some athletic
tournaments can last for up to a week and a game of cricket can be
five days in duration before a winner is announced.
Some people prefer to watch sport. This can either be done by going to
a stadium, a local leisure centre, park or on the television. It is often
cheaper to watch sport from the comfort of a person’s home than to
visit the stadium or a special event. Some sports, such as football and
cricket, are really popular in the United Kingdom but not in the USA. In
the USA people often play basketball and baseball. However, most
countries put aside time to compete in world sporting events such as
the football world cup or the Olympics, which occur every four years.
Nowadays, people who suffer from any kind of disability are also
encouraged to participate in sport and most sport equipment is
adapted to suit the needs of a disabled person. This means sport is
something that can be enjoyed no matter the physical ability of the
person. The para-olympics takes place a week after the main event
and it is equally popular. Participation in sporting activity is
encouraged by doctors and at schools given the beneficial impact it has
on the health of the individual that participates, and it is for this
VOCABULARY
words
NOUN MEANING EXAMPLE
playing fields a field used for The school
umpire outdoor team playing fields
games were marked out
referee for football and
rugby.
an official who The umpire
watches a game overruled the
or match closely lineman and
to enforce the ordered the point
rules and to be replayed.
arbitrate on
matters arising
from the play
a person willing to We only lost the
testify in writing game because the
about the referee was biase.
character or ability
or someone,
especially an
applicant for a job
stadium an athletic or Thousands of fans
Olympic sports ground packed into the
with tiers of seats stadium to watch
Paralympic for spectators the match
a series of The Olympic
international Games are held in
contests held in a a different
different country country on each
once every four occasion.
years
a series of He became
international world-class
contests for Paralympic
athletes with athlete after a
disabilities that car accident left
are associated him paralyzed.
with and held
following the
summer and
winter. Olympic
Games
challenge something difficult Finding a solution
equipment that test your to this problem is
coordination ability one of the
greatest
Ice rink challenge faced
by students
today.
the set of Alia's
necessary tools, grandmother buy
clothing, etc for a a new equipment
particular for cleaning
purpose house.
things you need
to do a particular
sport
the ability to make We need to
your arms, legs ensure the
and other body coordination of
parts move in a relief efforts.
controlled way
an area inside a Mina and
building with ice Zamarul play ice
for people to skating at the
skate on ice rink happily.
GRAMMAR
6.1 ZERO CONDITIONAL
If clause Main clause
Present simple Present simple
We use zero conditional to talk about the
result of an action/situation that are always
true. (Facts)
We can use ‘when’ instead of ‘if’ (depends on
the situation and the sentence construction)
Example:
If a football player is shown a red he leaves the pitch
card
when a football player is shown a he leaves the pitch
red card
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
6.2 FIRST CONDITIONAL
If clause Main clause
Present tense Will + bare infinitive
It's used to talk about things which might
happen in the future. Of course, we can't
know what will happen in the future, but this
describes possible things, which could easily
come true.
IF MY TEAM WINS THE MATCH,I’LL BE THRILLED!
IF IT’S STILL RAINING LATER, WE’LL PLAY
INDOORS.
We also can use can, could, may, or might in
the main clause instead of the will.
IF JOHN SCORES A GOAL, WE MIGHT WIN THE
GAME.
IF YOU AREN’T DOING ANYTHING TONIGHT,
WATCH THE MATCH AT MY HOUSE.
6.3 SECOND CONDITIONAL
If clause Main clause
Past tense Would + bare infinitive
! IT HAS TWO USES !
First, we can use it to talk about things in the
future that are probably not going to be true.
Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example:
YOU WOULD BE HEALTHIER IF YOU TOOK SOME
EXERCISE.
Second, we can use it to talk about something
in the present which is impossible, because it's
not true. Is that clear? Have a look at the
examples:
IF I WON AN OLYMPIC GOLD MEDAL, I’D BE
FAMOUS!
We can also use the second conditional to give
advice:
IF I WERE YOU, I’D TAKE UP A SPORT.
6.4: UNLESS
We can use ‘unless’ in first & second
conditional sentences.
It means the same as ‘if not’
EXAMPLES:
LUCY WON’T BE HAPPY UNLESS SHE GETS
CHOSEN FOR THE NETBALL TEAM.
MR. MARTIS COULDN’T GO TO THE MATCH
UNLESS HE HAD A TICKET.
in order to
The most commonly so as to
used expressions of for
purpose are because
So that
to
So as not to
(negative)
To/ in ode They are followed by a base form
to/ so as to
They are followed by a noun or gerund
for to describe the exact purpose of
So that It is followed by a subject and a modal
So as not to
Its is used to express a negative
purpose
• infinitive:
She went running to get fit.
• because + subject and verb:
She went running because she wanted to get fit.
• so that + subject and verb:
She went running so that she could get fit.
• so as to + infinitive (without to):
She went running so as to get fit.
• in order to + infinitive (without to):
She went running in order to get fit.
• for+ noun:
She went running for her fitness.
Read the first sentence and see if it is in the present,
past or future
Underline the verb and any other key words
Then, read the second sentence and look at the gap.
What type of word is missing?
Complete each with a noun, verb, preposition adverb or
adjective. Use correct word (refer word formation
exercise)
Remember, you may need more than one word, but don't
write more than three
Transformation-of-Sentences is done in various ways.
The transformation of a sentence is the conversion of the
sentence from one grammatical form to another without
changing its meaning.
It provides a variety to our expression and makes the
sentence more varied and interesting
Here are some sentences about sport. For each question 1-5,
complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the
first. Use no more than three words.
-She started playing volleyball for her health. She started playing
volleyball to get healthy.
-Does this bat belong to you? Is this your bat?
-Alice liked team sports a lot. Alice was very keen on team sports.
-David skied for 21 years before he hurt his back. David skied for over 20
years before he hurt his back.
-She wanted a drink after the race. She was thirsty after the race.
Thank
You