ekg-chart-pdf

EKG Quick Reference Chart

Rhythm Route Rate Rhythm Life Causes
P Wave PR Interval QRS Rate Regularity Threatening
No Normal Finding
Normal Sinus Normal 0.12-0.20 <0.12 60-100 Regular Dependant Sleep, inactivity, athletic, vagal
<60 Regular on Cause tone, drugs, MI, K+, respiratory
Sinus Bradycardia Normal 0.12-0.20 <0.12 arrest
No Caffeine, exercise, fever, anxiety,
Sinus Tachycardia Normal 0.12-0.20 <0.12 >100, usually Regular heart failure, drugs, pain, hypoxia,
100-150 Depends on hypotension, volume depletion
length and Elderly, digoxin toxicity, MI,
Atrial Pause Looks like SR but drops a complex Normal or Irregular frequency rheumatic fever
slow Dependant
on Valvular heart disease, MI, CHF,
Atrial Flutter Saw None <0.12 Atrial rate Regular or ventricular pericarditis
tooth 250-400 Irregular rate

Atrial Fibrillation Wavy None <0.12 Atrial rate Irregular Dependant Heart disease, pulmonary disease,
unident >400 on emotional stress, excessive
ifiable ventricular alcohol or caffeine
rate
Junctional INVERT <0.12 <0.12 40-60 Regular Electrical impulse not arriving
Rhythm ED <0.12 Dependant from SA node, AV node fires at
before <0.12 <0.12 on inherent rate
Accelerated or after <0.12 ventricular
Junctional QRS or <0.12 rate
Rhythm absent
Immeasur 60-100 Regular Dependant Digoxin toxicity, damage to AV
Junctional INVERT able on node
Tachycardia ED ventricular
before rate
Supraventricular or after
Tachycardia QRS or >100 Regular Dependant Same as SVT
absent on
ventricular
INVERT rate
ED
before 150-250 Regular Dependant Caffeine, CHF, fatigue, hypoxia,
or after on rate and mitral valve disease, altered
QRS or patient pacemaker in heart
absent ability to
tolerate
Pointed
or
hidden
in T

Idioventricular None None >0.11 20-40 Regular Yes Digoxin toxicity, acute MI
Rhythm None None wide and 150-250
None None bizarre None Regular Yes, may MI, ischemia, digoxin toxicity,
Ventricular have pulse hypoxia, acidosis, ↓K+, ↓BP
Tachycardia >0.11
wide and Irregular, vary Yes, no Follow PVC, VT, most common
Ventricular bizarre in size, shape pulse cause of sudden death
Fibrillation and height
None No QRS Yes Follows VT/VFib, acidosis, hypoxia,
↓K+, hypothermia, drug overdose
Asystole Possibl None None None Regular or Usually Not First sign of increasing AV block
1° AV Block e <0.12 Varies irregular
Normal >0.20 Regularly Usually Not Acute inferior MI, digoxin toxicity,
irregular: QRS vagal stimulation, conduction
2° AV Block Type I Normal Varies: <0.12 Varies dropped after Dependant system disease
progressiv progressively on overall
ly prolonged PRI ventricular BBB, anterior MI, lesions of
prolonged Regular or rate, may conduction system
irregular; progress to
2° AV Block Type Normal Consistent Normal or Usually slow occasionally 3° AV Block Atria and ventricles beat
II normal or wide dropped QRS Yes: independently, digoxin or K+
prolonged pacemaker toxicity, acute MI, ischemic heart
Regular needed disease
3° AV Block Normal No Wide Slow
relationshi
p between
PR & QRS

Premature Atrial Yes, May differ <0.12 Rate of PAC No Coffee, tea, alcohol, CHF,
Contractions PAC P from underlying complexes emotions, fatigue, fever, hypoxia,
wave underlying <0.12 rhythm come early mitral valve disease
Premature shaped rhythm
Junctional differe >0.11 Rate of PJC make it No Vagal tone, stress, caffeine,
Contractions nt <0.12 wide and underlying irregular alcohol, heart failure, digoxin
bizarre rhythm toxicity, ↓K+
Premature Inverte N/A
Ventricular d Dependant Irregular due Depends on Ventricular irritability, hypoxia,
Contractions before on to premature frequency ↓K+, Ca, MI, digoxin toxicity,
or after underlying beat and how anxiety
QRS or rhythm close to T
absent wave

None