Unesc Gaps Needs Assessment SADC Report

m Do you need additional data or o Number of dry days
indices for efficient planning and o Wind speed
smooth running of your o Wind direction
operations? o Precipitation onset
o Yes o End of rainy season
o No o Precipitation (daily, monthly, seasonal, annual, mean,
If yes, select additional data
and/or indices. maximum)
o Cloud cover
n Which channels do you use to get o Other (specify)
in contact with the service o Socioeconomic data
provider? o Emission scenarios
o Hydrology
o How are hydroclimatic services o Ecosystems
delivered by the providers? o Groundwater level
o Demographic data
p From your point of view, what o Elevation
criteria can we use to evaluate o Aridity index
the quality of hydroclimatic o Drought index
services? o Evaporation data
o Other (specify)

o Printed material
o Digital data
o Workshops
o Individual consultancy
o Within network
o Newspapers / Journals
o TV, radio
o Web portals
o Social media (Twitter, Facebook etc.)
o Other (specify)

q What weather data and Real time

hydroclimatic information do you

think would be useful to inform Short-term

your decision making?

Medium

Long-term

r Identify any factors affecting the
use of hydroclimatic information
in your institution.

s Suggest ways to increase the use
of hydroclimatic information by
your institution in decision
making.

49

Appendix 2

Assessment of the capacity gaps and needs in flood early warning systems

Name of institution……………………………………
Country……………………………………………………..

a) Institutional capacities

1. Based on the institution capacity in drought monitoring and drought early warning, select the statement that best
reflects your institution’s capacity needs and gaps.

Institutional capacity checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The policies or regulations in the institution adequately
addresses drought early warning and drought
management.

The current policies and regulations governing drought
management are effective.

The institution has relevant ICT policy to support drought
early warning and drought management.

The current policies and regulations governing drought
management need improvement.

The institution has policies and procedures regarding
drought that are consistently adhered to, reviewed and
updated and known and understood by staff.

2. List any existing legal and policy framework or regulations governing drought related management in your
institution.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Suggest what could be done to further strengthen existing policies relating to drought early warning and flood
management.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) Organizational capacities

1. Based on the organization’s vision and/or mission statements listed below, select the statement that best reflects
your organization in drought monitoring.

50

2. Based on the organization’s characteristics listed below, indicate how you view your organization capacity
using the checklist below.

Organizational capacity checklist 1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree
disagree Strongly
agree

The organization has a well-defined structure relevant to its

1 mission/goals and programmes with clearly defined flood

management responsibilities.

2 The organization operates according to country’s approved by-laws
in terms of flood risk management.

3 The management has clear laid down roles and responsibilities

pertaining to flood early warning.

4 The organization’s communication structures are established and
information on flood management sharing practices are in place.

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve
our mission in flood monitoring.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its
mission in flood management.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs in flood early warning and management.

8 The organization has linkages with other cooperating partners in
flood monitoring.

9 The organization has an active recruitment policy to fill gaps where
staff turnover is high.

10 The organization provides opportunities for career advancement in
flood management for employees at all levels.

The organization has good gender diversity and makes active efforts

11 to diversify its management, which makes flood management

effective and successful.

3. List the priority areas for capacity building to enhance flood early warning and management.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Complete the table below indication the human resources status and requirements for your organization in
flood early warning

Year Human Actual Financial Actual Institutional Actual ICT ICT
resources organizational equipment equipment
resources human resources financial required resources available required
Flood available
required resources required resources monitoring Flood
equipment monitoring
available required equipment

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

51

5. What human resources training and knowledge opportunities do you require to effectively enhance flood
management performance?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. List the priority areas for capacity building to enhance flood management.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Individual capacities

1. Based on the table below, indicate the level of capacity and gaps that exist in individuals who are involved in flood early
warning and monitoring.

Individual capacities checklist 1 2 34 5
Strongly
disagree Disagree Strongly
Neutral Agree agree

1 Do the members in flood monitoring and management have the
requisite skills in flood management?

2 Individuals receive support in skills development programmes
related to flood early warning and monitoring.

3 The management has clear laid down roles and responsibilities

pertaining to flood early warning.

4 The organization’s communication structures are established and
information on flood management sharing practices are in place.

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve
our mission.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its
mission in flood management.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs in flood monitoring and management.

2. Indicate the highest level of qualification of staff dedicated to flood management?

Department Position Qualification in flood Human resources available
management and competence in flood
management

3. What is the desired situation that you wish should prevail for you to effectively carry out your mandate in flood
monitoring?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Knowledge base

1. Based on the checklist below indicate the level at which you place your organization in terms of its knowledge
base.

52

Knowledge base checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The organization conducts key research and knowledge
exchange forums in the form of seminars and workshops
on flood early warning and flood management.
The organization disseminates or share information to
areas that are affected by floods in an effective way.
There are knowledge management systems in place that
enables communities to access information on flood
occurrence.
There are information and learning centres where
people can access information on drought (IT
infrastructure and systems).
The organization conducts internal research to support
flood early warning systems.

2. How does your organization disseminate or share information to areas which are likely to be affected by floods?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. List the geospatial data needs and gaps that, if availed, will help in effective implementation of flood early warning
and management.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. List the capacity building needs that are essential for smooth management of flood disasters.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

53

e) Climate variability and change impacts on your country

a How is climate change o Positive

impacting your country? o Negative

o Neutral

b State the specific impacts. o Positive

o Negative

o Neutral

c Select the most relevant o Precipitation (rainfall)

climate impacts. o Temperature, evaporation and other meteorological data

o Runoff and water availability

o Droughts and water scarcity

o Floods

o Shift of seasons

o Other (specify)

d Select the hydroclimatic o Temperature change

services available at your o Rainfall

institution. o Floods and drought early warning systems

o Precipitation

o Temperature and runoff monitoring system

e Specify type of information o Data (rainfall/river flow/ temperature/evaporation etc.)

your institution need for o Maps, graphics

your operations and o Methods

planning. o Early warning systems

o Decision support tools

o Processed data

o Metadata

o Synthesis reports

o Guidance documents

o Other (specify)

f How is the information

specified in (e) used?

g How is the information

specified in (e) obtained?

h How regularly do you obtain o Daily

climate services such as o Weekly

information on temperature o Decadal

change, rainfall, floods and o Monthly

drought early warning? o Quarterly

o Seasonal

o Once a year

o Not often

i Do you pay for such o Yes

hydroclimatic services? o No

For which time period do o Past

you require, or anticipate o Present

j requiring, such o Seasonal

hydroclimatic services? o Annual

o 2-5 years

o 10 years

o 20 years

o 30 years

o Other (specify

k On which spatial scale do o Local (indicate area)

you need hydroclimatic o Regional (indicate area)

services? o National (indicate area)

o Global

o Point data

o Area averages

l Which parameters do you o Minimum temperature

need? o Maximum temperature

o Mean temperature

54

m Do you need additional data o Number of dry days
or indices for efficient o Wind speed
planning and smooth o Wind direction
running of your operations? o Precipitation onset
o Yes o End of rainy season
o No o Precipitation (daily, monthly, seasonal, annual, mean,
If yes, select additional data
and/or indices. maximum)
o Cloud cover
n Which channels do you use o Other (specify)
to get in contact with the o Socioeconomic data
service provider? o Emission scenarios
o Hydrology
o How are hydroclimatic o Ecosystems
services delivered by the o Groundwater level
providers? o Demographic data
o Elevation
p From your point of view, o Aridity index
what criteria can we use to o Drought index
evaluate the quality of o Evaporation data
hydroclimatic services? o Other (specify)

o Printed material
o Digital data
o Workshops
o Individual consultancy
o Within network
o Newspapers / Journals
o TV, radio
o Web portals
o Social media (Twitter, Facebook etc.)
o Other (specify)

q What weather data and Real time

hydroclimatic information

do you think would be Short-term

useful to inform your

decision making? Medium

Long-term

r Identify any factors
affecting the use of
hydroclimatic information in
your institution.

s Suggest ways to increase
the use of hydroclimatic
information by your
institution in decision
making.

55

Appendix 3

Assessment of the capacity gaps and needs in the rainfall (precipitation)
monitoring systems

Name of institution……………………………………
Country……………………………………………………..

a) Institutional capacities

1. Based on the institution capacity in precipitation monitoring, indicate the statement that best reflects your
institution’s capacity needs and gaps.

Institutional capacity checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The policies or regulations in the institution
adequately addresses precipitation related issues.

The current policies and regulations governing
precipitation management are effective.

The institution has relevant ICT policy to support
precipitation monitoring.

The current policies and regulations governing
precipitation monitoring need improvement.

The institution has policies and procedures
regarding precipitation monitoring that are
consistently adhered to, reviewed and updated.

1. List any existing legal and policy framework or regulations governing precipitation monitoring in your institution.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Suggest what could be done to further strengthen existing policies relating to precipitation monitoring.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

a) Organizational capacities

1. Indicate the number of precipitation monitoring stations currently available in your country? …………………………….
2. Of these, how many are manual and how many are automatic? …………………………………………………
3. Based on the organization’s characteristics listed below, indicate how you view your organization’s capacity

using the checklist below.

56

Organizational capacity checklist 1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree
disagree Strongly
agree

The organization has a well-defined structure relevant to its
1 mission/goals and programmes with clearly defined precipitation

monitoring responsibilities.

2 The organization operates according to country’s approved by-laws
in terms of precipitation monitoring.

3 The management has clear laid down roles and responsibilities
pertaining to precipitation monitoring.

4 The organization’s communication structures are well-established
and information on precipitation monitoring disseminated

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve
our mission in precipitation monitoring.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its
mission in precipitation monitoring.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs in precipitation monitoring.

8 The organization has linkages with other cooperating partners in
precipitation monitoring.

9 The organization has an active recruitment policy to fill gaps where
staff turnover is high.

10 The organization provides opportunities for career advancement in
precipitation monitoring for employees at all levels.

11 The organization has adequate precipitation monitoring stations.

4. List the priority areas for capacity building to enhance precipitation monitoring.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Do you supplement field data collection with satellite precipitation estimates?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. If YES, which satellite sensor do you use to accomplish this task?

7. Do you use any downscaled GCM outputs support precipitation monitoring? YES/NO
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. If YES, which models do you use and why?

9. How has the use of GCM models improved your precipitation monitoring capacity?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10. Complete the table below indicating the human resources status and requirements for your organization in
precipitation monitoring.

Year Human Actual Financial Actual Institutional Actual ICT ICT
resources human resources financial resources organizational equipment equipment
2013 required resources required resources required resources available required
2014 available required Precipitation available
2015 monitoring Precipitation
2016 equipment monitoring
2017 equipment

57

a) Individual capacities

1. Based on the table below, indicate the level of capacity and gaps that exist in individuals who are involved in
precipitation monitoring.

Individual capacities checklist 1 2 34 5
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree
Strongly
disagree agree

1 Do the members in precipitation monitoring and management have
the requisite skills in the field?

2 Individuals receive support in skills development programmes related
to precipitation monitoring.

3 The management has clear laid down roles and responsibilities

pertaining to precipitation monitoring.

4 The organization’s communication structures are established and
information on precipitation sharing practices are in place.

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve
our mission.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its
mission in precipitation monitoring.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs in precipitation monitoring and management.

2. Indicate the highest level of qualification of staff dedicated to precipitation monitoring?

Department Position Qualification in precipitation Human resources available and
management competence in precipitation
management

3. What is the desired situation that you wish should prevail for you to effectively carry out your mandate in
precipitation monitoring?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Knowledge base

1. Based on the checklist below indicate the level at which you place your organization in terms of its knowledge
base.

Knowledge base checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The organization conducts key research and knowledge
exchange forums in the form of seminars and workshops
on precipitation monitoring.

The organization disseminates or share information on
precipitation status in an effective way.

There are knowledge management systems in place that
enables communities to access precipitation information

There are information and learning centres where people
can access precipitation data and information (IT
infrastructure and systems).

The organization conducts internal research to support
precipitation monitoring.

The organization has adopted advanced techniques for
monitoring precipitation.

58

2. How does your organization disseminate or share precipitation information?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. List the geospatial data needs and gaps that, if availed, will help in effective implementation of precipitation
monitoring.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. List the capacity building needs that are essential for smooth monitoring of precipitation in the country.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Climate variability and change impacts on your country

a How is climate change o Positive

impacting your country? o Negative

o Neutral

b State the specific impacts. o Positive

o Negative

o Neutral

c Select the most relevant o Precipitation (rainfall)

climate impacts o Temperature, evaporation and other meteorological data

o Runoff and water availability

o Droughts and water scarcity

o Floods

o Shift of seasons

o Other (specify)

d Select the hydroclimatic o Temperature change

services available at your o Rainfall

institution. o Floods and drought early warning systems

o Precipitation

o Temperature and runoff monitoring system

e Specify type of information o Data (rainfall/river flow/temperature/evaporation etc.)

your institution needs for o Maps, graphics

your operations and o Methods

planning. o Early warning systems

o Decision support tools

o Processed data

o Metadata

o Synthesis reports

o Guidance documents

o Other (specify)

f How is the information

specified in (e) used?

g How is the information

specified in (e) obtained?

h How regularly do you obtain o Daily

climate services such as o Weekly

information on temperature o Decadal

change, rainfall, floods and o Monthly

drought early warning? o Quarterly

o Seasonal

o Once a year

o Not often

i Do you pay for such o Yes

hydroclimatic services? o No

For which time period do o Past

you require, or anticipate o Present

j requiring, such hydroclimatic o Seasonal

services? o Annual

o 2-5 years

59

k On which spatial scale do o 10 years
you need hydroclimatic o 20 years
services? o 30 years
o Other (specify
l Which parameters do you o Local (indicate area)
need? o Regional (indicate area)
o National (indicate area)
m Do you need additional data o Global
or indices for efficient o Point data
planning and smooth o Area averages
running of your operations? o Minimum temperature
o Yes o Maximum temperature
o No o Mean temperature
If yes, select additional data o Number of dry days
and/or indices. o Wind speed
o Wind direction
n Which channels do you use o Precipitation onset
to get in contact with the o End of rainy season
service provider? o Precipitation (daily, monthly, seasonal, annual, mean,

o How are hydroclimatic maximum)
services delivered by the o Cloud cover
providers? o Other (specify)
o Socioeconomic data
p From your point of view, o Emission scenarios
what criteria can we use to o Hydrology
evaluate the quality of o Ecosystems
hydroclimatic services? o Groundwater level
o Demographic data
o Elevation
o Aridity index
o Drought index
o Evaporation data
o Other (specify)

o Printed material
o Digital data
o Workshops
o Individual consultancy
o Within network
o Newspapers / Journals
o TV, radio
o Web portals
o Social media (Twitter, Facebook etc.)
o Other (specify)

q What weather data and Real time

hydroclimatic information

do you think would be useful Short-term

to inform your decision

making? Medium

Long-term

60

r Identify any factors affecting
the use of hydroclimatic
information in your
institution.

s Suggest ways to increase the
use of hydroclimatic
information by your
institution in decision
making.

61

Appendix 4

Assessment of the capacity gaps and needs in the runoff monitoring
systems

Name of Institution……………………………………
Country……………………………………………………..

a) Institutional capacities

1. Based on the institution capacity in runoff monitoring, select the statement that best reflects your institution’s
capacity needs and gaps.

Institutional capacity checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The policies or regulations in the institution adequately
addresses hydrological monitoring.

The current policies and regulations governing
hydrological observations are effective and adequate.
The institution has relevant ICT policy to support
hydrological observations.

The institutional frameworks for hydrological data
collection and management in the country are adequate.

The institution has policies and procedures regarding
hydrological observations that are consistently adhered
to, reviewed and updated, and known and understood
by staff.

2. List any existing legal and policy framework or regulations governing hydrological observation in your
institution.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Suggest what could be done to further strengthen existing policies relating to hydrological observations.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Organizational capacities

1. Based on the checklist below complete the table below relating to hydrological observations.

Type of observation station Actual number Functional Non-functional Number required
for efficient
Hydrometric stations hydrological
Stream gauge station – Manual monitoring
Stream gauge station – Automatic
Water level post – Manual
Water level station – Automatic

62

2. Based on the organization’s characteristics listed below, indicate how you view your organization capacity
using the checklist below.

Organizational capacity checklist 1 23 4 5
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree
Strongly
disagree agree

The organization has a well-defined structure relevant to its

1 mission/goals and programmes with clearly defined hydrological

observation responsibilities.

2 The organization operates according to country’s approved by-laws in
terms of hydrological observations.

3 The management has clear laid down roles and responsibilities pertaining

to hydrological observations.

4 The organization’s communication structures are established and
information on hydrological observation sharing practices are in place.

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve our
mission in hydrological observation.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its mission
in hydrological observation.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs in hydrological observation.

8 The organization has linkages with other cooperating partners in
hydrological observation.

9 The organization has an active recruitment policy to fill gaps where staff
turnover is high.

10 The organization provides opportunities for career advancement in
hydrological observation for employees at all levels.

3. List the priority areas for capacity building to enhance hydrological observations.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Do you produce any runoff forecast products? Yes/No

If yes, how often are the forecasts issued?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

If no, what are the hindrances to production of runoff forecasts?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Do you issue emergency alerts of threshold exceedance or reports? Yes/No

If yes, how often are the alerts issued?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

If no, what are the hindrances to the issuance of the alerts?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. How is hydrological data managed in your institution (hydrological data management systems)?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. How is data shared with other organizations (data sharing framework)?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Do you use hydrological data for runoff hazard analysis and mapping to support risk assessment?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

63

9. Complete the table below indication the human resources status and requirements for your organization in
hydrological observations.

Year Human Actual human Financial Actual financial Institutional Actual Actual Required Actual Required
resources resources resources resources resources institutional manual manual automatic automatic
2013 required for available for required for required for required for resources gauging gauging gauging gauging
2014 hydrological hydrological hydrological hydrological hydrological available for stations stations stations stations
2015 monitoring monitoring monitoring monitoring monitoring hydrological
2016 monitoring
2017

c) Individual capacities

1. Based on the checklist below, indicate the level of capacity and gaps that exist in individuals who are involved in
hydrological observations.

Individual capacities checklist 1 2 34 5
Disagree Neutral Agree
Strongly Strongly
disagree agree

1 Do the members in hydrological observation have the requisite
skills?

2 Individuals receive support in skills development programmes
related to hydrological observation.

3 The management have clear laid down roles and responsibilities

pertaining to hydrological observation.

The organization’s communication structures are established and

4 information on hydrological observation sharing practices are in

place.

5 The organization has qualified staff skills in all positions to achieve
our mission.

6 The organization has the appropriate staff numbers to achieve its
mission in hydrological observation.

7 The organization changes its governance structure in response to
changing needs hydrological observation.

2. Indicate the highest level of qualification of staff dedicated to hydrological observation?

Department Position Qualification in hydrological Human resources available and
observation competence in hydrological
observation

3. What is the desired situation that you wish should prevail for you to effectively carry out your mandate in
hydrological observation?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Knowledge base
1. Based on the checklist below indicate the level at which you place your organization in terms of its knowledge

base.

64

Knowledge base checklist Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree

The organization conducts key research and knowledge
exchange forums in the form of seminars and workshops
on hydrological observation.

The organization disseminates or share information on
hydrological observation in an effective way.

There are knowledge management systems in place that
enable communities to access hydrological observation
information and data.
There are information and learning centres where people
can access hydrological observation data and information
(IT infrastructure and systems).

The organization conducts internal research to support
hydrological observation.
The organization has adopted advanced techniques for
hydrological observation.

2. How does your organization disseminate or share hydrological observation information?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. List the geospatial data needs and gaps that, if availed, will help in effective implementation of hydrological
monitoring.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. List the capacity building needs that are essential for smooth hydrological observation in the country.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Climate variability and change impacts on your country

a How is climate change o Positive

impacting your country? o Negative

o Neutral

b State the specific impacts. o Positive

o Negative

o Neutral

c Select the most relevant o Precipitation (rainfall)

climate impacts. o Temperature, evaporation and other meteorological data

o Runoff and water availability

o Droughts / water scarcity

o Floods

o Shift of seasons

o Other (specify)

d Select the hydroclimatic o Temperature change

services available at your o Rainfall

institution. o Floods and drought early warning systems

o Precipitation

o Temperature and runoff monitoring system

e Specify type of information o Data (rainfall river flow/temperature/evaporation etc.)

your institution need for o Maps, graphics

your operations and o Methods

planning. o Early warning systems

o Decision support tools

o Processed data

o Metadata

o Synthesis reports

o Guidance documents

o Other (specify)

65

f How is the information o Daily
specified in (e) used? o Weekly
o Decadal
g How is the information o Monthly
specified in (e) obtained? o Quarterly
o Seasonal
h How regularly do you obtain o Once a year
climate services such as o Not often
information on temperature o Yes
change, rainfall, floods and o No
drought early warning? o Past
o Present
i Do you pay for such o Seasonal
hydroclimatic services? o Annual
For which time period do o 2-5 years
you require, or anticipate o 10 years
o 20 years
j requiring, such hydroclimatic o 30 years
services? o Other (specify
o Local (indicate area)
k On which spatial scale do o Regional (indicate area)
you need hydroclimatic o National (indicate area)
services? o Global
o Point data
l Which parameters do you o Area averages
need? o Minimum temperature
o Maximum temperature
m Do you need additional data o Mean temperature
or indices for efficient o Number of dry days
planning and smooth o Wind speed
running of your operations? o Wind direction
o Yes o Precipitation onset
o No o End of rainy season
If yes, select additional data o Precipitation (daily, monthly, seasonal, annual, mean,
and/or indices.
maximum)
n Which channels do you use o Cloud cover
to get in contact with the o Other (specify)
service provider? o Socioeconomic data
o Emission scenarios
o How are hydroclimatic o Hydrology
services delivered by the o Ecosystems
providers? o Groundwater level
o Demographic data
66 o Elevation
o Aridity index
o Drought index
o Evaporation data
o Other (specify)

o Printed material
o Digital data
o Workshops
o Individual consultancy
o Within network
o Newspapers / Journals
o TV, radio
o Web portals

o Social media (Twitter, Facebook etc.)
o Other (specify)

p From your point of view,
what criteria can we use to
evaluate the quality of
hydroclimatic services?

q What weather data and Real time

hydroclimatic information

do you think would be useful Short-term

to inform your decision

making? Medium

Long-term

r Identify any factors affecting
the use of hydroclimatic
information in your
institution.

s Suggest ways to increase the
use of hydroclimatic
information by your
institution in decision
making.

67

© stock.adobe.comAppendix 5:

List of institutions and organizations consulted during the study

1. Department of Climate Change and Meteorological Services in Malawi
2. Department of Water Resources – Malawi
3. Water Resources Management Authority – Zambia
4. Zambia Meteorological Department
5. Meteorological Services Department – Zimbabwe
6. Zimbabwe National Water Authority
7. Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement – Zimbabwe
8. Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit – Zambia
9. Department of Water Resources Management – Mozambique
10. Department of Environmental Affairs – Malawi
11. Ministry of Agriculture – Malawi
12. Department of Disaster Management Affairs – Zambia
13. National Institute of Disaster Management – Mozambique
14. Civil Protection Unit – Zimbabwe
15. Mozambique National Meteorological Institute (INAM)
16. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security – Mozambique

68

69

UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa

8 Kenilworth Road, Newlands
PO Box HG 435 Highlands, Harare, Zimbabwe
+263 (0)776775 - 9
[email protected]

@unescoROSA

@unescoROSA

www.unesco.org/harare

70