Lily Lau academic Genealogy

Lily Lau’s
Academic Genealogy

This book is dedicated to my family and my doctoral advisor, Dr. Michael R. Basso.

Table of Contents

Wilhelm M. Wundt......................................................1
Edward B. Titchener ....................................................2
Edwin G. Boring .........................................................3
Stanley S. Stevens.........................................................4
Wendell R. Garner........................................................5
Irving J. Saltzman........................................................6
Frederick H. Kanger.....................................................7
Bruce K. Schefft ...........................................................8
Michael R. Basso..........................................................9
Lily L. Lau. ...............................................................10
References .............................................................11-15

1

Name: Wilhelm M. Wundt

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: University of Heidelberg (1856)

Dissertation Title: Untersuchungen uber das Verhalten der Nerven in
entzundeten und degenerirten Organen (Translated: Studies on the behavior
of the nerves in inflamed and degenerated organs)

Biographical Information: Dr. Wundt grew up in Germany and was from a
family of intellects. Growing up, Dr. Wundt aspired to be a famous writer.
He achieved poor grades in school and was mocked by teachers. Nonetheless,
he put effort into cultivating his abilities. When he started his university studies, he initially wanted to study
medicine. Ultimately, he changed his major and studied physiology instead. Between 1857 to 1864, he was a
lecturer in physiology at the University of Heidelberg. In 1864, he became an associate professor there and
stayed there for the next 10 years. In 1875, he worked as a professor of philosophy at the University of
Leipzig, and remained there for 45 years.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Wundt’s work mainly focus on understanding consciousness. He
believed that the mind has the ability to organize basic elements of consciousness into higher cognitive processes
(voluntarism). He referred to this process of organizing mental content as apperception. To Wundt,
psychologists should focus on the immediate experiences (sensory experiences), which he believes are the
constituents of consciousness that the mind synthesizes. His methodology for studying consciousness involves
using introspection (self-inspection of one’s mental states). Dr. Wundt also made important contributions to
cultural psychology. Specifically, he believed that social influences play an important role in mental
development. He published various important texts, including Contributions to the Theory of Sensory
Perception, Lectures of the Minds of Men and Animals, Principles of Physiological Psychology, and Cultural
Psychology.

Famous For: Dr. Wundt is known as the founder of psychology. He dedicated great efforts in establishing
psychology as a scientific discipline. He provided the methodological groundwork for studying psychology. He
also initiated the first scholarly journal in psychology (Philosophical Studies) and formed the first psychological
laboratory. Further, he was recognized to be a popular lecturer that attracted more than 600 students in his
course at one point. Finally, Dr. Wundt’s served as the advisor to numerous students who later became
influential psychologists themselves.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Wundt’s work the conscious experience was greatly impacted by the
experimental methods used by physiologists at the time. He attempted to adapt such scientific methodology to
research in psychology. Similar to how the physiologists studied matter by breaking them down to their
physical elements, Dr. Wundt studied consciousness through the reductionist method. However, his work in
cultural psychology did not attract interest. This was largely due to the fact that American psychologists at
the time (1900-1920) had their own viewpoints regarding psychology and did not attend to ideas sparking from
Europe.

What I Learned: Dr. Wundt was a very impressive and active scientist. He was able apply scientific
techniques developed at the time to an entire new field of study. His contributions really laid the foundation
and paved the way for future work in psychology.

2

Name: Edward B. Titchener

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: University of Leipzig (1892)

Dissertation Title: Uber binoculare Wirkungen monocularer Reize (Topic:
binocular effects of monocular stimulation)

Biographical Information: Dr. Titchener was born in England and came from
a family with little wealth. He was able to attend college through scholarships
that he received. He studied at Mavern University and Oxford University,
and he obtained numerous academic awards during that period. At Oxford, he
also developed a fascination for Wundtian psychology. He traveled to the
University of Leipzig to study as Dr. Wundt’s student. Dr. Titchener and Dr.
Wundt shared a close bond. Upon graduating with his doctorate degree, Dr.
Titchener worked briefly in Oxford and then moved to the United States,
where he worked at Cornell University for rest of his career. Dr. Titchener
also had hobbies that included music and coin collecting.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Like Dr. Wundt, Dr. Titchener’s work focused on consciousness. However,
his main emphasis is on analyzing the elementary contents of consciousness (structuralism), rather than on how
elements were integrated through apperception. He further described that the mental elements have four attributes
(i.e., quality, duration, intensity, and clarity). Dr. Titchener used his own version introspection, where reagents
(research participants) were trained to describe the elementary components of their mental states. Dr. Titchener
authored many articles and a series of books, including A Textbook of Psychology, An Outline of Psychology, Primer
of Psychology, and Experimental Psychology: A Manual of Laboratory Practice. His manuals instigated the
development of psychology laboratories in the United States and had an immense influence on new experimental
psychologists. Furthermore, these books were translated into a variety of languages.

Famous For: Dr. Titchener was famous for translating Dr. Wundt’s work in Germany to English in the United
States. However, he did not offer a direct translation of Dr. Wundt’s work and was in fact providing his own
psychology system. Dr. Titchener, like his advisor, also held lectures that were widely attended. Moreover, Dr.
Titchener is known for leading a meeting (called the Titchener’s Experimentalists) for scholars to discuss research
notes. Further, Dr. Titchener supervised many doctoral students, the majority of them being women. More
specifically, he supervised Magaret Floy Washburn (the first woman with a doctoral degree in the discipline of
psychology). He was also a strong advocate for having female faculty.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: During the 20th century, the zeitgeist in American and European psychology
had shifted, though Dr. Titchener’s system remained stagnant. Dr. Titchener’s structuralism was criticized because
others (especially Gestalt psychologists) argue that conscious experiences occur as a unity, and not in individual
components. Further, his method of introspection endured criticism. Structural psychology was regarded to be
outdated and ended when Dr. Titchener died. Nonetheless, the structuralists’ research methodology (which
combined observation, experimentation, as well as measurement) relied on strong science. Further, his idea of
introspective reports (self-report) is a psychological method used even today. Finally, he brought Wundt’s
experimental method in psychological research to students in America.

What I Learned: Although structural psychology ended, Dr. Titchener’s work and research methods still
contributed in progressing the psychological field. Further, his support for women in the discipline is invaluable.
Dr. Titchener’s manuals were also very helpful at the time in giving psychologists a framework for establishing
laboratories.

3

Name: Edwin Garrigues Boring

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: Cornell University (1914)

Dissertation Title: The sensations of the alimentary canal
Biographical Information: As a child, Dr. Boring was lonely and insecure. He was
born into a matriarchal family. He graduated from George School, a high school that
was Orthodox Quaker. Following high school, Boring attended Cornell University
where he initially studied electrical engineering. However, he did not have a liking
for studying that subject. He took an elective course with Dr. Titchener in
experimental psychology and was fascinated by his lectures. Eventually, he became a
student of Dr. Titchener and was submissive to his advisor. Dr. Boring married in 1914 to a woman who was also
a member from his group. He had four children with her. He had a very dedicated work ethic and continued to
publish even two years prior to his death.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Boring served as a military psychologist at the beginning of his career
and he summarized data regarding intelligence testing in the army. In 1924, Dr. Boring directed the Psychology
Laboratory at Harvard University and served as the department chair. He successfully separated the psychology
department from philosophy at Harvard University in 1936. He published a book called History of Experimental
Psychology in 1929 that was used by many future psychologists. In the book, Dr. Boring discussed the new
psychology that developed from philosophy and physiology, highlighting psychology originating from Drs. Wundt
and Titchener. He also contributed works to the study of consciousness in his Physical Dimensions of Consciousness
(1933), where he emphasized physical principles in studying consciousness. Dr. Boring also published work
analyzing the scientific progress of psychology, popularized the notion of zeitgeist among psychologists to
understand history, and authored work that criticized Gestalt psychology. Dr. Boring published many works,
including Sensation and Perception in the History of Experimental Psychology, and Psychology of the Fighting
Man. He also founded an APA journal that reviewed books, known as Contemporary Psychology. He was the
president of APA in 1928 and he also served as the secretary for Ninth International Congress of Psychology one
year later.

Famous For: Dr. Boring is well-known for his work on visual perception, specifically on size constancy and the
Moon illusion. He is also recognized for advocating operationism in the scientific method and was a strict
experimentalist. Furthermore, in 1957, Dr. Boring’s psychology course was broadcasted in social media, which
seldom occur at the time.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Boring contributed work that definitely reflect the zeitgeist in
psychology. During the World War I, he provided psychological testing to the army when such service was
becoming popular for new recruits. During World War II, he also wrote a book on military psychology that was
well received. Furthermore, Dr. Boring promoted work on psychophysiology when the discipline was popular. Dr.
Boring further worked effortlessly to advocate psychology as an independent field (and he more formally did so) at a
time when other scholars also tirelessly separating the disciplines of psychology and philosophy. Moreover, he
adhered rigorously to scientific experimentation, which was being practiced by others during his time. Nonetheless,
he was not a strong supporter of feminism in psychology, although it was expanding at the time.

What I Learned: Dr. Boring really made a difference in the field of psychology. He solidified the discipline and
promoted scientific methodology. Despite his immense amount of administrative work at Harvard University, he
nonetheless accepted leadership positions and published articles and books that helped psychology move forward.

4

Name: Stanley S. Stevens

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: Harvard University (1933)

Dissertation Title: The volume and intensity of tones

Biographical Information: Dr. Stevens was an only child from a Mormon
background and he grew up in Utah. Both of his parents passed away when he
was in high school. Dr. Stevens married Maxine Leonard one year prior in 1930,
one year before he received his bachelor’s degree from Stanford University. He
worked with Dr. Boring during his graduate school years and conducted research
on audition. Dr. Stevens did not have an interest in teaching. He married the
second time in 1963 to Geraldine Stone, after the death of his first wife in 1956.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Stevens work focused primarily on developing empirical laws for
sensation, particularly on auditory processing. He directed the Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory at Harvard
University that included approximately 50 staff. During World War II, he contributed research that focused
on noise levels during combat (e.g., equipment that amplify the sounds of potential weapons). Dr. Stevens also
developed the power law, which stated that sensation intensity increased as a function of strengthening
physical intensity. He also integrated electrical response recordings and hypothesis on the basilar membrane
into his research. He enhanced Helmholtz’s theory and summarized concerns regarding Fechner’s law. Dr.
Stevens was elected and served in many councils. He also received the APA’s Distinguished Scientific Award
in 1960 and the British Acoustical Society’s Rayleigh Gold Medal in 1972. He authored much work relevant
to the study of audition, including Hearing, Principles of Sound Control in Airplanes, Handbook of
Experimental Psychology, and Handbook of Experimental Psychology.

Famous For: He was very recognized for his research on psychoacoustics. He spent much time and effort
quantifying sensory experiences. In 1951, Dr. Stevens published work describing scales of measurement
commonly used in statistics.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Stevens’ research reflected zeitgeist of psychology. His research on
auditory perception had many military applications during the ongoing World War II. During the 1920s,
behaviorism emerged and Dr. Boring (Dr. Stevens’ advisor) incorporated behavioral views with his notion of
sensation. Dr. Stevens, however, was interested on the stimulus (rather than the response emphasized in
behaviorism). Nonetheless, Dr. Stevens and Dr. Skinner (a behaviorist) both operationalized independent as
well as dependent variables. Dr. Stevens was not opposed to behaviorism. Rather, he took a different
approach to conducting research on sensory experiences that would help built upon existing ideas. His work
was very welcomed during his time. It appeared that the science of audition was an area that interested and
captured the attention of many scholars at the time.

What I Learned: Dr. Stevens is really a phenomenal researcher. He developed methodologies to improve
people’s understanding of sensory perception, though there was the longstanding idea that such phenomena
was not measureable. He further developed upon the research of previous scholars (Fechner and Helmholtz)
and better solidified the science of audition.

5

Name: Wendell R. Garner

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: Harvard University (1945)

Dissertation Title: Dr. Garner’s dissertation was a classified paper and
examiners at Harvard University were not permitted to read it. Dr.
Stevens supervised his dissertation.

Biographical Information: Dr. Garner was born in New York. He grew
up with his two brothers in an orphanage. His sister was placed in
another living facility. He graduated as valedictorian during the eighth
grade and went to a neighboring high school. Dr. Garner graduated
Franklin & Marshall College with a bachelor’s degree in psychology.
He attended Harvard University for his doctorate degree and focused on experimental psychology,
though his interest was initially in clinical psychology. Dr. Garner’s wife was Barbara Ward Garner
and they had two children. He was commonly known as Tex.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: In 1948, Dr. Garner was the director of the Systems Research
Laboratory at John Hopkins University and became the chair of the department in 1954. Later, Dr.
Garner left to work as a professor at Yale University. Dr. Garner’s studies focused on converging
operations, systems analysis, integrating information and structure, and perception. Dr. Garner
published a variety of books, such as Applied Experimental Psychology and Uncertainty and Structure
as Psychological Concepts that were required readings for a long period. Dr. Garner was a productive
researcher. Dr. Garner held leadership roles in a variety of councils and received a great number of
honors and rewards, including being honored as Franklin & Marshall Alumnus of the Year and
receiving the APA’s Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions and the Society of
Experimental Psychologist’s Howard Crosby Warren Medal.

Famous For: Dr. Garner is well-known without a doubt. As mentioned above, his books were widely
read among students of psychology for a long time. He also introduced concepts and developed
research methods that continue to be used in psychology even till this day. For example, his ideas of
studying structure have major contribution for brain imaging.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Garner was a great experimental psychologist whose work
contributed to the evolving field of cognitive psychology at the time. He also developed novel ideas
regarding and converging operations and perception that laid the groundwork for many future studies
relevant to these topics. His original work was a pivotal addition to psychology at the time and was
widely acknowledged.

What I Learned: Dr. Garner was very productive in terms of his teaching and research throughout his
career. He offered important avenues of research for future psychologists and wrote books that
enlightened students studying psychology. It is very impressive that his work remain relevant and
useful until the present day.

6

Name: Irving J. Saltzman

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: John Hopkins University (1948)

Dissertation Title: Maze learning in the absence of primary
reinforcement: A study of secondary reinforcement

Biographical Information: Dr. Saltzman was from Lawrence,
Massachusetts. He graduated with his bachelor’s degree from the
Massachusetts State College and attended Duke University for his
master’s degree. He received his doctoral degree from Johns Hopkins
University. While at John Hopkins University, he had close bonds
with his peers and the faculty. In 1948, he married Dorothy Jeanne Cohen, another graduate
student in the program. Following marriage, they moved to Indiana and Dr. Saltzman became an
assistant professor at Indiana University. Dr. Saltzman and his wife had four children.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Although Dr. Saltzman’s initial work focused on incidental
and intentional learning among humans. Later on during his sabbatical year, Dr. Saltzman
collaborated with Dr. Skinner on an investigation of a teaching machine. He grew progressively
more drawn to the concept of using programmed instruction for teaching a second language. Dr.
Saltzman’s subsequent work was largely dependent on his particular interest in this area. Dr.
Saltzman’s major accomplishment was his large contribution to administrative work at Indiana
University for 20 years. In particular, he was very loyal to the department and would not back
down if the department was perceived to be treated unfairly. He also acknowledged the views of
new faculty members. Dr. Saltzman was highly respected by faculty and students.

Famous For: Dr. Saltzman was not necessarily known for his research. However, he was highly
regarded for his administrative role at Indiana University (even by chairs of other departments) as
well as psychology departments from other universities. People often communicated with him
regarding the manner by which to run the psychology department.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Saltzman’s work on learning occurred when behaviorism
was dominant in the psychology field. As such, his work fit well into the zeitgeist. Dr. Saltzman
also worked when the education system was being modified and when research and psychology
were both growing. As such, his administrative work was really necessary and corroborated by
others.

What I Learned: While Dr. Saltzman did not contribute much to the research field, he really
made a difference in terms of his management of the psychology department. His leadership
abilities were so successful that people from other departments and all over the U.S. sought his
advice. Thus, his role must have been very pivotal in helping shape psychology departments in
various universities.

7

Name: Frederick H. Kanfer

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: Indiana University (1953)

Dissertation Title: The effect of partial reinforcement on acquisition and
extinction of a class of verbal responses

Biographical Information: Dr. Kanfer was born in Austria and came to
the United States when he was a teenager. He attended Long Island
University for his undergraduate studies and Indiana University for
graduate school. While in graduate school, he was able to cultivate his passion in integrating
science, philosophy, and learning principles in resolving clinical issues. He married a woman
named Ruby and they had two children together.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Kanfer’s work initially focused on verbal conditioning,
self-regulation, and behavioral analysis, which were significant contributions to psychology. His
later publication of The Learning Foundations of Behavior Therapy also provided a foundation for
behaviorism for a long period. Furthermore, Dr. Kanfer played a major role in introducing clinical
psychology to Europe and developing treatments that involve concepts of learning and self-
guidance. Further, Dr. Kanfer was a faculty member in many universities both locally and
international, including those located in the U.S., Germany, and Switzerland. Dr. Kanfer was
also an author to numerous scientific articles and many important books, such as Helping People
Change: A Textbook of Methods, Self-Management and Behavior Change: From Theory to
Practice, and Guiding the Process of Therapeutic Change. He served as a fellow in three APA
divisions and an editor for important clinical psychology journals.

Famous For: Dr. Kanfer is recognized for his contributions to behaviorism, especially his work on
verbal conditioning and learning. Further, his work on self-management was well-known. His
work laid the foundation for which many subsequent generations of research and clinical practice
would build upon. Dr. Kanfer was also famous in Vienna, where he was born. There, he was
awarded with the Gold Medal of Honor in recognition for his influential work in Europe.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Kanfer’s work was definitely relevant for the behavioral
movement and investigations in psychotherapy that was happening at the time. His book was a
valuable asset for researchers and practitioners at that time point and for subsequent generations.
He provided the groundwork for clinical interventions used in modern days.

What I Learned: Dr. Kanfer was such a remarkable innovator! He devoted much efforts in
pioneering novel principles that serve to guide future psychologists in research and treatment. He
definitely played a major role in helping psychology progress as a field, both in the U.S. and in
Europe.

8

Name: Bruce Schefft

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: University of Wisconsin-
Milwaukee (1983)

Dissertation Title: Self-management therapy versus cognitive
restructuring plus behavior rehearsal versus relationship
psychotherapy: A controlled study of process and outcome

Biographical Information: Dr. Schefft began his career as a
professional drummer in the band, “The Ohio Express” during the
1970s. The band is popular for their song, “Yummy Yummy Yummy (I’ve Got Love in My Tummy).”
The band helped Dr. Schefft earn enough money to pay for his school. However, due to the long hours
of going on tour, Dr. Schefft eventually left the band. Dr. Schefft received his master’s and doctoral
degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. He did a clinical internship at Stanford
University and received his post-doctoral from the University of Wisconsin Medical School. To this
day, Dr. Schefft still plays the drum, describing that it is good physical activity and helps release
stress.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Schefft was a faculty member at the University of
Cincinnati since 1989 and served as the psychology program director for a long period. His work
focused primarily on epilepsy, specifically localizing epileptic seizures using techniques from
neuropsychology and cognitive symptoms of epilepsy. Dr. Schefft was an active publisher, authoring
over 60 articles. He also is an editor for two major journals. His work was highly regarded by the
National Association of Epilepsy Centers. Dr. Schefft is also an APA and National Academy of
Neuropsychology (NAN) Fellow.

Famous For: Dr. Schefft is well-known within field of epilepsy and his work has been widely cited.
He is recognized for making diagnostic localization using neuropsychological techniques and helping
epileptic patients with the recovery process. Like his advisor, Dr. Kanfer, Dr. Schefft also conducted
research on self-regulation. However, this work was mostly reflected in the beginning of his career
and he was less recognized for his work in this area.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Schefft’s early work on self-regulation aligned with the
dominant behaviorism movement in the 1970s. Further, Dr. Schefft’s work on epilepsy definitely
reflected the zeitgeist of psychology. During the 1900s, epilepsy was gaining wide attention from the
public, including the formation of epilepsy organizations, the development of novel pharmacological
interventions, and the promotion of disease awareness. As such, Dr. Schefft’s work made a huge
impact in terms of contributing to the neuropsychology of epilepsy.

What I Learned: I am really fascinated by Dr. Schefft’s work! I never knew that he was so
influential in the field of epilepsy. I learned that neuropsychology plays a major role in the assessment
and care of epilepsy patients.

9

Name: Michael R. Basso

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: University of Cincinnati (1994)

Dissertation Title: An analysis of tonic and phasic mood effects on left
and right hemisphere cognitive processing

Biographical Information: Dr. Basso was born and raised in Illinois.
He earned his bachelor’s degree at the University of Illinois and his
master’s degree at Northern Illinois University. He received his doctoral degree from the University of Cincinnati.
He completed his pre-doctoral internship at the VA Medical Center in Michigan and received his post-doctoral
training from Ohio State University. Dr. Basso is married to Theresa Basso and they have six children. During his
leisure time, Dr. Basso enjoys fishing, exercising, spending time with his family, watching good movies, conversing
with his old colleagues, and sharing interesting stories and funny YouTube videos. He is characterized as having a
good sense of humor, supportive, knowledgeable, humble, and extremely diligent by his graduate students. Dr.
Basso is very invested in the success of his students and is highly respected by them.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Dr. Basso is a McFarlin Professor of Psychology and Director of Clinical
Training in the Psychology Department at the University of Tulsa. He is also one of the very few professionals in
Oklahoma who received board-certification in clinical neuropsychology from the American Board of Professional
Psychology (ABPP). Dr. Basso’s research focused on multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly whether
neuropsychological deficits experienced by patients with MS are associated with decreased capacity to consent in
medical research studies. Furthermore, Dr. Basso is currently working on a manualized memory remediation
program for patients with MS, a project funded by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. His research has also
examined neuropsychological deficits among in major depressive disorder. Dr. Basso is a committee member of
APA’s Society for Clinical Neuropsychology and an editor for various major scientific journals in clinical
neuropsychology.

Famous For: Dr. Basso is well-published and very productive in the field of clinical neuropsychology and a variety
of his research publications had captured the attention of other scholars. Aside from research, Dr. Basso is also
recognized in Oklahoma as being one of the very few clinical neuropsychologists with ABPP credentials. As such,
he is often occupied with conducting neuropsychological assessment for patients, occasionally providing services to
some who may have traveled a long distance.

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Dr. Basso’s work on MS and depression undoubtedly reflects the zeitgeist of
psychology. His work in this area is strongly important and necessary during the present time, given the high
prevalence rate of people diagnosed with MS and depression. Dr. Basso’s research provides a pivotal addition to
the literature on MS and depression. He integrates a neuropsychological perspective in understanding MS
symptomatology and promoting empirically-supported cognitive intervention techniques. He also devoted much
efforts in exploring neuropsychological deficits among MDD patients, which may provide a critical basis for future
research to build upon in terms of cognitive and psychological interventions. His research is well-received in the
neuropsychology community and continues to have an influential contribution in the growing field of clinical
neuropsychology taking place in the 21th century. In terms of clinical work, Dr. Basso is a strong advocate for
recommending empirically supported treatments. This is the professional practice of psychologists in the present
time.

What I Learned: Dr. Basso has a very strong work ethics and an amazing ability to generate unique research ideas.
He is a sound researcher and respectable clinician whose work in clinical neuropsychology have significantly
contributed to our understanding of various neurological and psychiatric disorders and patient care.

10

Name: Lily Lau

Place/Date of Doctoral Degree: University of Tulsa (Expected 2019)

Dissertation Title: TBD (Dissertation topic focuses on comparing two memory remediation
techniques in patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease)

Biographical Information: Lily Lau was born and raised in San Francisco, California by
parents who immigrated from China. Growing up, she has always had a close relationship
with her grandfather. She is described as very quiet, amiable, diligent, and ambitious. She
earned her bachelor’s degree at the University of California, San Diego in 2011. She is
currently working on completing her doctoral degree in clinical psychology at the University
of Tulsa. During her spare time, she enjoys cooking, running (to burn off the calories from
her cooking), talking on the phone with her grandfather, traveling, and playing board games. In the near future, she
hopes to conduct neuropsychological research and provide clinical services to the older population. This interest was in
part sparked by her strong relationship with her grandfather.

Studies and Major Accomplishments: Lily is a doctoral student working under the supervision of Dr. Basso. Because of
Dr. Basso’s influence, she has developed a keen interest in research on validity measures. She has recently completed a
study that explored how coaching may influence validity tests performance in people who feign symptoms of mild
traumatic brain injury. She recently submitted the findings of this research to The Clinical Neuropsychologist, a
prominent journal in neuropsychology. She is currently working on making revisions for the manuscript. Furthermore,
Lily is working on her dissertation that focuses on memory remediation in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Her interest in this area was sparked by Dr. Basso’s work on cognitive rehabilitation
techniques in MS patients, especially his recent development of a memory training manual for people with MS.

Famous For: As much as she wants to be, Lily is definitely not famous. However, she is working hard to continue
growing and publishing in the field of neuropsychology. Perhaps one day she will finally become famous like several of
her predecessors!

How His Work Reflect the Zeitgeist: Lily’s research is certainly a reflection of the zeitgeist of psychology. During the
past decade, people began to administer validity tests in neuropsychological evaluation. However, there continues to be
limited research exploring how coaching may influence individuals’ performance on such measures. Given the prevalent
use of validity test in the present, Lily’s research is critical for helping psychologists determine whether validity measures
are robust upon coaching. Her dissertation research is also important in the current era. With the aging population, the
increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the lack of cure for AD, the high number of people with amnestic MCI
(aMCI), and the greater risk of people with aMCI developing AD, scientists and researchers need to develop the most
effective methodologies for MCI and AD patients to manage their memory deficits. As such, her work on memory
remediation techniques is very relevant in the present day and hopefully may provoke interests in future researchers.
Regarding Lily’s clinical practice, she recommends empirically supported treatments to her patients. This is reflective of
the clinical training she has received and the practice of psychologists in the current era.

What I Learned (about myself): Since her undergraduate years, Lily has come a long way in her professional
development. Nonetheless, there is a lot more room for personal and professional growth and she strives to be a life-long
learner in the field. By writing her biography, she realized how much Dr. Basso has influenced her research and clinical
interests. Her advisor played the largest role in cultivating her knowledge and skillset in neuropsychology and she
continues to learn from him every day.

11

References for Wilhelm Wundt
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2011). A history of modern psychology (10th ed.). Belmont, CA:

Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Wundt, W. (1856). Untersuchungen uber das Verhalten der Nerven in entzundeten und degenerirten

Organen (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Heidelberg, Germany.

References for Edward Titchener
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2011). A history of modern psychology (10th ed.). Belmont, CA:

Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Titchener, E. B. (1892). Uber binoculare Wirkungen monocularer Reize (Unpublished doctoral

dissertation). University of Leipzig, Germany.

References for Edwin Boring
Boring, Edwin Garrigues. (2008). In Complete dictionary of scientific biography online.

Retrieved from http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Edwin_Garrigues_

Boring.aspx

Boring, E. G. (1914). The sensations of the alimentary canal (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from
ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. (0110451)

Stevens, S. S. (1968). Edwin Garrigues Boring: 1886-1968. The American Journal of Psychology, 81(4),
589-606.

References for Stanley Stevens
Smelser, N. J., & Baltes, P. B. (Eds.). (2001). International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral

sciences. Amsterdam, New York: Elsevier.

Stevens, S. S. (1933). The volume and intensity of tones (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest
Dissertations Publishing. (0304354)

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Stevens, Stanley Smith. (2008). In Complete dictionary of scientific biography online. Retrieved from
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830905347.html

References for Wendall Garner
Garner, W. R., Hake, H. W., & Eriksen, C. W. (1956). Operationism and the concept of perception. The

Psychological Review, 63(3), 149-159.

Lockhead, G. (2009). Wendell Richard Garner (1921-2008). American Psychologist, 64(2), 149-150.

Yale University. (2008, August 29). In memoriam: Wendell R. Garner, noted for his work on perception.
Yale News. Retrieved from http://news.yale.edu/2008/08/29/memoriam-wendell-r-garner-noted-
his-work-perception

References for Irving Saltzman
Craig, J. C., & Steinmetz, J. E. (2001). Irving J. Saltzman (1923-2000). American Psychologist, 56(12),

1168.

Saltzman, I. J. (1948). Maze learning in the absence of primary reinforcement: A study of secondary
reinforcement (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
(0152662)

Saltzman, I. J. (1963). Programmed self-instruction and second-language learning. International Review
of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 1(1), 104-114.

References for Frederick Kanfer
Kanfer, F. H. (1953). The effect of partial reinforcement on acquisition and extinction of a class of verbal

responses (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertation Abstracts. (1954-07160-001)
Kanfer, R. & Karoly, P. (2002, July 11). Nachruf auf Frederick H. Kanfer. Deutsche

Gesellschaft für Psychologie. Retrieved from http://www.dgps.de/index.php?id=143&
tx_ttnews[tt_news]=849&cHash=6009d2da3c66c956459b838f2d9ee3c7

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Karoly, P., & Kanfer, R. (2003). Frederick H. Kanfer (1925-2002). American Psychologist,
58(12), 1095.
References for Bruce Schefft

Bruce K. Schefft. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bruce_Schefft/publications

Cherry, K. (2016). The Origins of Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.verywell.com/the-origins-of-
psychology-2795245

Epilepsy Education Everywhere. (n.d.). History of Epilepsy. Retrieved from
http://epilepsyed.org/history-of-epilepsy/

Fuller, D. (2010, August 8). UC researcher/APA fellow discusses his life’s work at national convention.
Retrieved from http://www.uc.edu/profiles/profile.asp?id=12257

Schefft, B. K. (1984). Self-management therapy versus cognitive restructuring plus behavior rehearsal
versus relationship psychotherapy: A controlled study of process and outcome (Doctoral
dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertation Abstracts International. (1984-56431-001)

University of Cincinnati (n.d.). Bruce Schefft. Retrieved from http://www.artsci.uc.edu/faculty-
staff/achievements/tribute/bruce-schefft.html

Whitacre, C. (2006, February 15). Professors who rock. Retrieved from
http://www.uc.edu/news/NR.aspx?id=6712

References for Michael Basso
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).

Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Basso, M. R. (1994). An analysis of tonic and phasic mood effects on left and right hemisphere cognitive
processing (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertation Abstracts International: Section
B: The Sciences and Engineering. (1995-95005-131)

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Basso, M. R., Candilis, P. J., Johnson, J., Ghormley, C., Combs, D. R., & Ward, T. (2010). Capacity to
make medical treatment decisions in multiple sclerosis: A potentially remediable deficit. Journal
of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(10), 1050-1061.

National Multiple Sclerosis Society. (n.d.). MS prevalence. Retrieved from
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/About-the-Society/MS-Prevalence

Society for Clinical Neuropsychology. (n.d.). PIAC ethics subcommittee. Retrieved from
https://www.scn40.org/ethics-subcommittee.html

University of Tulsa. (2016). Michael Basso. Retrieved from https://faculty.utulsa.edu/henry-kendall-
college-of-arts-sciences/psychology/michael-basso
References for Lily Lau

Alzheimer’s Association. (2016). 2016 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s &
Dementia, 12(4), 459-509.

Bigler, E. D. (2014). Effort, symptom validity testing, performance validity testing and
traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 28(13-14), 1623-1638.

References for Images
http://pubs.asha.org/selfserve/sspage.aspx?selfservecontentid=csdtree
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wilhelm-Wundt
http://alchetron.com/Edward-B-Titchener-1219678-W
http://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/edwin-g-boring
https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101429704-img
http://www.fabbs.org/fabbs-foundation/honoring-our-scientists/in-memory-of-wendell-r-garner/

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http://ww.heraldtimesonline.com/stories/2007/09/25/news.qp-7239461.sto

https://static-content.springer.com/lookinside/chp%3A10.1007%2F3-211-29396-5_137/000.png
https://uc.academia.edu/BruceSchefft
https://faculty.utulsa.edu/~/michael-basso

Note: Dr. Basso and Bradley Reynolds had provided some information (personal communication) for this
academic genealogy.