PLASTICS Fact & Figure 2020

Preface

“From 2019 to 2020, Thailand’s plastics industry has shown a clear contraction. The world
economy, starting to slow down since the end of 2018 from the trade war between US and
China and following into 2019, has affected the direction of demand of consumption of countries
around the world to continuously decline. Moreover, the continuous decline of the prices of crude
oil since the end of 2018 to the beginning of 2020 has been one factor affecting the prices of
plastic resin to continuously decline during the same period. As a result, the trade value during
the period clearly contracted. To make matters worse, the spread of COVID-19 puts pressure
on the production and services of all countries around the world so that the global economy
accelerates the existing slowdown even further. As a result, Thailand’s plastics industry which
is a supporting industry of various manufacturing industries is inevitably affected.”
In order to closely monitor the events, this report of “Thailand Plastics Facts and Figures
2020 and Its Next 5 Years”is produced to compile data and statistics in the supply chain of
Thailand’s plastics industry to enable the readers to follow the updates and consider the factors
of changes of Thailand’s plastics industry in all dimensions. This report is produced in 2020. The
editorial team has improved the quality of the content in various perspectives more than in 2019
such as addition of the content of macro economy to follow and analyze the macro factors related
to the changes of the plastics industry, addition of the table of data at the end of each chapter
to enable the readers to make references to the continuous statistics, and addition of statistical
content that is interesting each year. In this year’s Special Issue, the editorial team presents
the topic of bioplastics industry. The addition of the statistical forecast in the next 5 years will
benefit the consideration of the direction of the industry. It is hopeful that the improvement of
the quality of the content will give the maximum benefit to the readers.
Finally, the editorial team would like to thank very warmly the private sector in Thailand’s
plastics industry who jointly sponsors the production of this report “Thailand Plastics Facts
and Figures 2020 and Its Next 5 Years”. The editorial team deeply appreciates the attention
of all companies who jointly support Thailand’s plastics industry to have statistical information
for references which will create knowledge and strength in statistical information of Thailand’s
plastics industry in the future...

Editorial team

Plastics Intelligent Center
Plastics Institute of Thailand

Contents

...................................

Chapter 1 6

Overview of the Global
Economy in 2019

Thailand Plastics Chapter 2 28

FACTS & FIGURES 2020 Updates of the Global
Plastics Industry
AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS

Edit and Analyze information Chapter 3 52
Supply Chain and Entrepreneurs
Mr. Sataporn Spanuchart in Thailand’s Plastics Industry
Mr. Thanasett Deeprasertkul
Mr. Thanaphong Lertpiriyasakulkit Chapter 4 64
Ms. Ariya Sributr
Ms. Nathida Jinda Situations of Thailand’s
Plastics Resin Industry
Proof reading

Ms. Nathida Jinda

aDnisdspemubinliactrioenlations Chapter 5 82

Mr. Center Punkaew Situations of Thailand’s
Ms. Pemika Thumwarakorn Plastics Product Industry

Translator Chapter 6 96
Special Issue: Global-Thailand
Ms.Vera Jarnson Bioplastics Market Watch 2020-2025

Design

Buffet Famous Co., Ltd.

Disclaimer
Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand, has produced the 2020 report “Plastics Facts and Figures and Its Next 5 Years”. The
aim is to present the information of situations of Thailand’s plastics industry over the course of the past year. The content of this report has
undergone the process of collection and edition of information accompanying the analysis to facilitate the readers. Plastics Market Intelligent
Department, Plastics Institute of Thailand, does not involve or has a stake in the various information sources. Therefore, it reserves the rights not
to be responsible for the loss or the damage, directly or indirectly, that relates to or as a result of the usage of the information from this report.

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Chapter 1

Overview of the
Global Economy in 2019

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Chapter 1

Overview of the Global Economy in 2019

The overview of the global economy in 2019 revealed that the global
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) was 87.26 trillion USD, or the economic
growth of 4.61 percent. The country with the highest global GDP was US
with the share of 24.57 percent, followed by China in the second rank with
the share of 16.20 percent, and followed by Japan in the third rank with
the share of 5.91 percent. Thailand was in the 22nd rank with the share
of 0.60 percent.

Figure 1-1 Percentage of GDP of each country in 2019

29.16 24.57

1.88 1.87 16.20
1.98
5.91
2.12 3.14 3.36 4.43
2.28

3.10

USA CHINA JAPAN GERMANY
INDIA UNITED KINGDOM FRANCE ITALY
BRAZIL CANADA RUSSIA SOUTH KOREA
OTHER

Source: IMF, information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

1.1 Global economic situations in 2019

In 2019, the global economy experienced many negative impacts.
Brexit where UK pulled out from European Union triggered uncertainty in
the discussions to chart an agreement whether some trade regulations
would still be eligible as the time when UK was still a member. This
uncertainty affected trade and investment of the countries in relation

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 7

with UK, and whether there would be change or adaptation on the part
of EU, resulting in the slowdown of the overall economy and investors’
lack of confidence. Although Brexit affected trade, the impact at that time
was still limited. But the negative factor with widespread impact, or the
impact of the global economy even, was the trade war between US and
China. It started when US President Donald Trump declared the “Make
America Great Again” policy. US thought that China had too much trade
surplus with US or China used the price war to export cheap goods to
US. Consequently, US had to issue the anti-dumping law to prevent the
strategic use of price war in order to protect its domestic producers.
Currently, China was part of the global supply chain. Materials, tools,
parts, or production of most goods for trade were manufactured in China
due to cheap labor costs, economy of scale, proximity to raw materials,
or support from the government. For example, nearly all I-Phones were
manufactured in China and exported to US and other countries. Nearly
all tools using advanced technology were also manufactured in China.
Therefore, to retaliate China, Donald Trump set up tariff barriers to
pressure China by increasing tariffs from China or asking US companies
to move back their production bases to their homeland. China retaliated
by increasing import tariffs from US as well, especially soybean which
was China’s most imported product from US. So, the most affected group

8

Indexwas US farmers. As the farmers were also Donald Trump’s electoral base,
the US government had to issue relief measures to assist the affected
farmers. This impact spread to US ban on Huawei’s technology. The
increased import tariffs of both countries resulted in the reduced trade
balance between the two countries. Although US managed to reduce trade
deficit with China, the global trade and investment still faced slowdown
and lack of confidence in investment.

Figure 1-2 Monthly PMI Manufacturing Index in 2019

60
58
56
54
52
50
48
46
44
42
40

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

USA CHINA JAPAN GERMANY

Source: www.Investing.com, information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

In 2019, the important countries to the world economy including US,
China, Japan, or Germany all faced similar economic slowdown. The PMI
manufacturing index revealed that if the index was found at the level of
over 50 points, it meant that the manufacturing sector was at the normal
level. It was found that US was the only country with the index higher
than the level of 50 points all through the year. Although in 2019 there
was a trade war with China, as well as crude oil prices, intervention of
international relations, or even the US President’s impeachment issue, the
manufacturing sector managed to survive. On the contrary, 2019 was not a
good year for Germany as its PMI manufacturing index was lower than the
level of 50 points all year round. Compared to 2018, its economic growth
in 2019 contracted 3.34 percent (Table 1) as well. Germany’s economy
faced the problems due to the impact from the trade war between US and

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 9

China. In particular, the trade war heavily affected Germany’s automotive
manufacturing industry, Germany’s main exports being machine and
equipment, electrical appliances and parts, and automotive. As mentioned,
the automotive industry was gravely affected by the trade war between
US and China, greatly decreasing the export of automotive in 2019 as
the two countries were Germany’s major trading partners. The automotive
industry was also affected by Germany and many European countries who
started to determine and enforce the emission standards and prohibition
measures for the use of diesel engines not meeting the standards in urban
areas. Moreover, with the EURO Zone economy and Brexit whereby if UK
pulled out from EU membership without losing too much benefit, it could
create the surge for other countries such as France and Italy who wanted

to pull out their membership as well. Japan’s manufacturing sector was
affected by the trade war between US and China. Japan’s main exports
included automotive, electronic equipment and parts. It was also affected
by the decreased demand of electronics due to many factors such as
prices, product image, or brand loyalty that were down due to the current
consumers’ concept. Although Japan’s economic growth in 2019 increased
3.69 percent, the direction and trend of the growth started to decrease.
Japan relied on the tourism sector especially Chinese tourists. The trade

10

war contributed to the decrease in tourists from China. Japan raised
10 percent consumers’ tax to support welfare as tax collection failed to
reach its target, rendering insufficient budget for spending. The reduced
working population, reduced birth rate, reduced marriages, and increased
aging population who lived longer every year affected the public welfare
and reduced domestic consumption. As people lived longer, they would
be careful with their spending. They would buy only necessary items.
As a consequence, the collection of consumers’ taxes decreased. This
was a big problem for the Japanese economy. As for China, despite the
trade war with US which had been going on since 2018 and impacting
China’s manufacturing sector to a certain extent, China was an important
country in the global supply chain. Although US tried to increase import
tariffs from China, China could still export to other countries and China’s
domestic consumption was very strong. Therefore, in 2019, China was
not seriously affected and its growth was 3.91 percent.

1.2 Crude oil situations in 2019

Figure 1-3 Past average monthly Brent and WTI crude oil prices in 2019

80.00

Oil Price ($/bbl) 2019 75.00 71.20 70.53
70.00
65.00 66.41 65.85
60.00
55.00 64.13 63.87 63.30 64.00 62.33 62.74

59.27 60.84 59.25 59.37 59.8

58.15 57.52 56.95 57.06

54.95 54.68 54.84 53.98

51.52

50.00
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Brent WTI

Source: Information from World Bank, calculated by www.plastats.com

In 2019, the average Brent crude oil price was 64 USD per barrel
(highest at 71.2 USD in April and lowest at 59 USD in October). The

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 11

average WTI crude oil price was 57 USD per barrel (highest at 63.87 USD
in April and lowest at 51.52 USD in January). The factors contributing
to the increase of crude oil prices included attacks on Saudi Arabia’s
oil refinery, and cooperation of OPEC and Russia to reduce production
capacity of crude oil to the former level of 1.2 million barrels a day until
March 2019. At the same time, the positive impact would be on the crude
oil prices produced from shale oil and US crude oil reserve. As U.S.
did not adopt the measures to reduce production capacity of crude oil,
Russia did not want to reduce additional production capacity of its crude
oil. EIA (U.S. Energy Information Administration) modified the forecast
of the growth of the demand of global oil in 2019 down 100,000 barrels
a day to 1.3 million barrels a day. OPEC forecast its production of crude
oil down to 32.8 million barrels a day by 2024 compared to 35 million
barrels a day in 2019. It was forecast that US would produce shale oil at
16.9 million barrels a day by 2024 compared to 12 million barrels a day
in 2019. OPEC forecast the decreased world demand of crude oil, partly
due the slowdown of world economy, trade war between US and China, or
advanced technology such as hybrid system and engines with complete
combustion which would save energy in vehicles and the transport sector,
as well as the trend of increased demand of electric cars. The higher
crude oil prices were due to the measure of OPEC and Russia to reduce
production capacity. It was their common resolution since the end of 2018

12

to reduce production capacity of crude oil the total of 1.2 million barrels
a day. The 15 OPEC members alone would reduce production capacity
of crude oil of 800,000 barrels a day while the non-OPEC oil producing
countries would reduce production capacity of 400,000 barrels a day
starting from January 2019 until the end of June 2019 to absorb the supply
of excess crude oil in the market. It was their hope to support the increase
of crude oil prices, estimated to increase to 80 USD per barrel during
the first half of the year (2019). But at the same time, US kept producing
crude oil from shale oil. As US is a non-OPEC oil producing country not
participating in the measure to reduce the production capacity of crude
oil, the crude oil prices could rise only a little. The trade war between US
and China was prolonged. As China was a major consumer of energy, the
trade war caused the economy of China, and that of other countries relying
on China’s supply chain, to slow down. The situation decreased crude
oil prices in the second quarter of 2019, despite US cancellation of the
relaxation of Iran’s oil export and attacks on Saudi Arabia’s oil facilities.
The negative factors impacting crude oil prices included the new round
of import tariff increases between US and China in retaliation, and OPEC
and its allies extended the period of reduced production capacity of crude
oil until the end of 2019, delaying the decrease in crude oil prices. In the
fourth quarter of 2019, the positions of US and China started to relax and
there was a tendency for the trade war to end with the negotiations on
both sides to sign a trade agreement which was a good sign, signaling

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 13

positive impact on the overall global economy, and increasing crude
oil prices. At the same time, in December 2019, the results of the joint
discussions between OPEC and Russia, one of the non-OPEC crude oil
producing allies, agreed to reduce production capacity at the same rate
of 1.2 million barrels a day until March 2020.
At the end of 2019, two major interesting events involved crude oil
situations. Firstly, in December 2019, Saudi Arabia prepared to sell IPO
shares of its national oil company, Saudi Aramco, to enter major stock
markets of various countries, starting in Saudi Arabia itself with the goal
of 1-2 percent of capital raising. It was estimated that the capital raising
would contribute to approximately 20,000 – 40,000 million USD. If the
capital raising reached the target, Saudi Aramco would be the most valued
IPO deal in the world, surpassing China’s Alibaba shares sold in 2014
with the value of 25,000 million USD.
Secondly, the measure of IMO 2020 namely International Maritime
Organization (IMO) would reduce the ratio of sulfur in the fuel oil used as
energy in world navigation from 3.5 percent in the past down to 0.5 percent
from 1 January 2020 onwards to reduce air pollution. The measure obliged
the ships to shift from High Sulfur Fuel Oil (HSFO) to Low Sulfur Fuel Oil
(LSFO), or shift to Marine Gas Oil (MGO), or other cleaner energies. This

transition would result in the increase of
navigation costs. Shipping lines had few
choices. Either they could change from
HSFO to LSFO, or they would be installed
with Scrubber with high installation costs
but could continue to use high sulfur,
or they could change to other energy
alternatives. The cheaper alternative than
the first alternative was to shift to LSFO
which would certainly affect and change
the demand of crude oil. As refineries
worldwide try to produce LSFO, they must

14

make investment in refining to reduce sulfur level or buy more crude oil with low
sulfur component. As the demand of crude oil would change from 1 January 2020,
there was still no clear forecast as for the direction of the impact. IMO 2020 would
affect both demand and supply of crude oil, as well as those involved including
oil producers, oil refineries, oil traders, shipping line owners, sea transport costs,
speculators of oil derivative market, and investors.

1.3 Overview of Thailand’s economy in 2019

Figure 1-4 Thailand’s past quarterly economic growth rate (%QoQ)

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

2018Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2019Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

-2.0

-4.0

GDP Agriculture Non-Agriculture Industrial Service

Source: Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council, information adapted by
Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

The overview of Thailand’s economy in 2019 experienced the growth
of 2.4 percent with the growth of 0.1 percent in the agricultural sector
and the growth of 2.6 percent in the non-agricultural sector. In the fourth
quarter of 2019, Thailand’s economy experienced growth of 1.6 percent,
with the agricultural sector shrank 2.6 percent and the non-agricultural
sector grew 2.0 percent. The agricultural sector mostly faced droughts
and floods in many areas. Thailand was also affected by the trade war

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 15

between US and China. Thailand’s current economy relied heavily on the
service sector especially tourism and export. It was also affected by the
appreciation of the baht impacting the export sector. However, the baht
appreciation was a positive factor as it contributed to the reduction of
import costs, benefiting imports of energy and machines and tools, etc.

Figure 1-5 Past monthly exchange rates between Baht and major foreign
currencies (Baht per foreign currency) in 2019

Baht : foreign Baht : CNY
39.00 4.80
37.00 4.70
35.00 4.60
33.00 4.50
31.00 4.40
4.30

29.00 4.20

27.00 4.10

25.00 4.00

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

(USD) (EUR) (100 Yen) (JPY) Yuan (CNY)

Source: Bank of Thailand, information adapted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

In 2019, Thailand’s export value totaled 7.628 trillion baht. The
major export markets included US in the first rank with the export share of
12.73 percent, China in the second rank with the share of 11.83 percent,
and Japan in the third rank with the share of 9.96 percent.

16

Figure 1-6 Thailand’s major export markets in 2019 (%)

37.15 12.73
11.83
9.96

2.99 4.92
3.60 3.70 4.16 4.21 4.76

USA China Japan Vietnam Hongkong Malaysia
Australia India Other
Indonesia Singpore

Source: Information and Communication Technology Center, Office of the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Commerce,
information adapted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

Thailand’s major exports included mostly industrial products,
constituting the share of 79.90 percent. The rest included agriculture, agro
industry and others with small shares compared to industrial products.

Figure 1-7 Shares of Thailand’s export products in 2019 (%)

3.63

8.85
7.62

79.90

Agriculture Agricultural industry Industry Minerals and fuels Other

Source: Information and Communication Technology Center, Office of the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Commerce,
information adapted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

The top ten export industrial products included automotive parts and
components with the export value of 846,435.20 million baht, followed in

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 17

the second rank by computer hardware and components with the export
value of 646,626.60 million baht, followed in the third rank by gem and
jewelry with the export value of 486,216 million baht. Compared to 2018,
the export value of Thailand’s top ten export products in 2019 was down
in almost all items with the exception of gem and jewelry with increased
export value (Table 6).
1.4 World economy during the first half of 2020
In January 2020, unrest in the Middle East and security tension
between US and Iran contributed to the factors that put pressure on the
world economy. The relaxed situations and the signing of the phase 1
of trade agreement between US and China brightened up investment
climate and overview of world economy. But February saw the spread
of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. The pandemic started in China in
December 2019, causing worries in the global economy. As China was a
major consumer and one of the big supply chains, the spread might force
China to close the country and slow down production and consumption.
Although China enforced lockdown in many cities to contain the pandemic,
the spread was wider than expected. At that time, more patients were
infected in many countries around the world. Many countries and special
administrative regions became risk-prone areas such as China, Hong Kong,
Macao, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Italy, Iran, Germany, and
France. Subsequently, consumption and tourism slowed down. As people

18

started to worry about uncertain situations, they reduced consumption
and travels. After the spread of the pandemic worldwide, many countries
started the measures of Work from Home and Lockdown to prevent
the spread of COVID-19, with each country canceling risky economic
activities, resulting in world economic slowdown. Moreover, as a result of
economic slowdown and lockdown of many countries, aviation business
was affected. Due to lockdown of cities for a long period, international
tourism business and aviation business were suspended. Airlines had
to bear expenses, reduce costs, lay off staff, and face bankruptcy. This
was followed by automotive industry which had to temporarily suspend
production lines, and lay off some staff to reduce costs. It also spread to
other businesses. It seemed that COVID-19 accelerated the worsening
of the already economic downturn in most countries.
As several countries started to relax lockdown measures in order
to allow the economy to move forward, governments of many countries
introduced relief measures for those affected by the lockdown through tax
reduction, economic stimulus, or grants to those affected by COVID-19.
It was expected that with the continued activities, the manufacturing
and transport sectors would return, followed by economic recovery. But
if the vaccines could not be mass produced for a lot of people at low
prices, we could see lockdowns on and off. The money spent in remedy
assistance would help prolong the situations. The forecasts of world
economic recovery had many dimensions, including U – shape recovery

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 19

with broad base taking long time for recovery, or W – shape recovery
or J reverse – shape recovery with many angles. The world economic
recovery would depend on the discovery of vaccine or people’s practice
to cope and stay with COVID-19, similarly to seasonal diseases such as
flu. It would be around for a long time.
IMF and World Bank made forecasts of the world economic growth
in 2020. IMF forecast the decrease of 4.9 percent and World Bank the
decrease of 5.2 percent (Table 7).
1.5 Crude oil situations (Jan - May 2020)

Figure 1-8 Past monthly Brent & WTI crude oil prices (Jan 2019 – May 2020)

75.00 64.13 66.41 71.20 64
70.00 59.27
Oil Price ($/bbl) 2019 - 2020 65.00 63.30 64.00 59 62.33 59.37 62.74 55 33
60.00 55.00
55.00 51.52 54.95 58.15 63.87 60.84 54.68 57.52 54.84 56.95 53.98 57.06 5130
50.00 50.53
45.00
40.00 32.98 31.02
35.00
30.00 29.88 23.34
25.00
20.00 28.56
15.00
16.52

Brent WTI

Source: World Bank, compiled by www.plastats.com

In January, US imposed economic boycott with Iran. China revealed
its 2019 GDP with the growth of 6.1 percent, the lowest in 29 yeas. These
were the factors that put pressure on the fluctuations of the crude oil prices.
But when the situations started to relax, the crude oil prices became stable
again. The supporting positive factors included the signing of phase 1 of
the Trade agreement between US and China, unrest in Libya, and reduced
crude oil reserve in US impacting the reduced supply of excess oil.

20

In February, there were both many positive and negative factors on
crude oil prices: unrest in Libya, discussions between OPEC and its allies
on the extension to reduce production capacity of crude oil from the end of
March 2020 to the end of June 2020, and the addition to reduce production
capacity of crude oil to approximately 500, 000 - 1,000,000 barrels a day.
But the pressured crude oil prices and the spread of COVID-19 pandemic
worldwide caused the suspension of various activities, affecting the demand
of crude oil. It was forecast that the demand of crude oil would decrease
200,000 barrels a day.
In March, the main factor that impacted the shortfall of crude oil
prices came from the failure between OPEC and its allies to come to an
agreement to extend the time to reduce additional crude oil production.
After the talk, Saudi Arabia announced to increase crude oil production
and reduce the Official Selling Price from 6 to 8 USD per barrel as if to
declare war on crude oil prices. Russia retaliated by declaring to increase
crude oil production as well while US declared to prepare to buy crude
oil in its Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR).
In April, numerous countries exercised lockdown measures to
suspend international travels and prevent the spread of the COVIC-19
pandemic, suspending most economic activities such as land, sea, and
air transports, including temporary suspension of some industries. It was
forecast that the world economy would decrease and the demand of crude

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 21

oil would decrease as well. The shale oil rigs in US suspended production
due to low crude oil prices, impacting the production costs of shale oil.
The end of April saw the once-in-a-lifetime event as the WTI crude oil
prices in futures market were minus, as a result of the May contract that
ended on 21 April. If the contract was maintained until the delivery date,
crude oil must be really delivered. As the period of physical price of crude
oil was very low, the oil reserve started to reach its near capacity, leading
to the necessity to rent boats for oil storage in the sea. If oil must be
delivered according to futures contract, it might not be able to find the
oil storage. If the contract for delivery was not respected, fines would
ensue. Therefore, most investors were willing to reduce oil prices down
to minus to end the contract.
In May, US, Canada, and Norway agreed to reduce production
capacity of crude oil in June to support crude oil prices and crude oil rigs
in US hit the record low due to the costs of shale oil drilling at 20 – 40
USD per barrel (approximately). As for OPEC, the production costs of
Saudi Arabia were approximately 10 – 20 USD per barrel. Moreover, the
oil preserve had little remaining capacity. There was a signal that OPEC
and its allies would return to discussions on the reduction of production
capacity based on the agreement in order to stabilize the crude oil prices.
The trade war between US and China could be triggered again as US
blamed China for the cause of the spread of COVID-19. One will have to
follow how the trade war will end or if it is prolonged.

22

1.6 Thai economy during the first half of 2020
At the beginning of 2020, although not yet affected by COVID-19,
Thailand had experienced economic slowdown since 2019. The major
factor from abroad was mainly from the conflict between US and China.
But in 2020, Thailand has experienced droughts, worries that water reserve
in many dams and reservoirs in many areas would be insufficient for
agriculture and consumption; the government’s delay in the 2020 budget
disbursement impacting many economic stimulus packages; the economy
affected by the spread of COVID-19, and lockdown measures to contain
the spread of the virus. The late decision to ban foreign tourists caused
the spread of the virus, led to the lockdown measures that cancelled all
activities, and obliged people to stay at home as necessary, suspending
Thailand’s economic activities.
It went without saying that the decision to ban incoming tourists
was a difficult situation as Thailand relied mainly on export and tourism.
In 2019, the revenue from tourism and tourists contributed to the share
of 12 percent of Thailand’s GDP. It was forecast that in 2020, before the
spread of COVID-19, the share of the revenue from tourism would be
as high as 20 percent of GDP. But the results of the enforcement of the
Emergency Decree to Curb COVID-19, lockdown of people to stay at

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 23

home, prohibition to travel across provinces, suspension of travelling by
air, temporary suspension of the industrial sector, the serious slowdown
of spending compelled the government to introduce relief measures such
as grants to those affected by the virus, tax reduction, debt moratorium,
etc. But those aids were not sufficient for those affected because the
industrial manufacturing sector or the business sector with reliance
on export, air transport, and tourism were heavily affected, leading to
dismissal of staff. The government also deemed it necessary to issue three
Executive Decrees on backing loans of 1.9 trillion baht as an emergency
relief for those affected by COVID-19 and for economic stimulation. The
extent of Thailand’s economic recovery could not be forecast. In July,
many institutes made the latest forecasts of Thailand’s economic growth.
All forecast the decrease between 5-10 percent (Table 8). Although all
people were affected by the pandemic with different degrees of severity, if
they could accept and adapt quickly, some businesses might even benefit
from COVID-19 such as food delivery, transport and logistics system,
packaging, ready to eat food, or businesses related to Lockdown At home
or Work From Home, etc.

24

Chapter 1: Thailand Macro Economic Annex

Table 1-1 World’s GDP 2019 Unit: Million USD

Country 2019 2018 Growth (%YoY) Prop %
21,439,453 20,494,100 4.61 24.57
United States 14,140,163 13,608,152 3.91 16.20
China 5,154,475 4,970,916 3.69 5.91
Japan 3,863,344 3,996,759 -3.34 4.43
Germany 2,935,570 2,726,323 7.68 3.36
India 2,743,586 2,825,206 -2.89 3.14
United Kingdom 2,707,074 2,777,535 -2.54 3.10
France 1,988,636 2,073,902 -4.11 2.28
Italy 1,847,020 1,868,626 -1.16 2.12
Brazil 1,730,914 1,712,510 1.07 1.98
Canada 1,637,892 1,657,554 -1.19 1.88
Russia 1,629,532 1,619,424 0.62 1.87
South Korea 25,447,567 25,473,384 -0.10 29.16
Other 87,265,226 85,804,391 1.70 100.00
World
Source: IMF

Table 1-2 PMI Manufacturing Index 2019

Month United States China Japan Germany
54.9 49.5 50.3 49.7
January 53.0 49.2 48.9 47.6
February 52.4 50.2 49.2 44.1
March 52.6 50.1 50.2 44.4
April 50.5 49.4 49.8 44.3
May 50.6 49.4 49.3 45
June 50.4 49.7 49.4 43.2
July 50.3 49.5 49.3 43.5
August 51.1 49.8 48.9 41.7
September 51.3 49.3 48.4 42.1
October 52.6 50.2 48.9 44.1
November 52.4 50.2 48.4 43.7
December
Source: www.Investing.com

Table 1-3 Thailand economic growth rate in 2018 – 2019 (%QoQ) Unit: Percent

2018 2018Q1 2018Q2 2018Q3 2018Q4 2019 2019Q1 2019Q2 2019Q3 2019Q4

GDP 4.2 5.0 4.6 3.2 3.8 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.6 1.6

Agriculture 5.5 8.3 10.4 2.9 1.3 0.1 1.7 -1.4 2.7 -2.6

Non-Agriculture 4.0 4.7 4.1 3.2 4.1 2.6 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.0

Industrial 2.7 3.2 2.7 1.4 3.5 0.0 0.7 1.2 -0.1 -1.9

Service 4.8 5.6 4.8 4.2 4.5 4 4.3 3.6 3.9 4.1

Source: Office of the National Economics and Social Development Council

Table 1-4 Average monthly exchange rate in 2019 (Baht per 1 unit of foreign currency) Unit: Baht per 1 unit of foreign currency

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
30.77 30.57 30.37 30.24 30.22
(USD) 31.81 31.30 31.72 31.85 31.79 31.12 30.79 34.21 33.65 33.52 33.42 33.55
28.94 28.45 28.09 27.79 27.67
(EUR) 36.33 35.52 35.86 35.75 35.55 35.14 34.56 4.35 4.30 4.28 4.31 4.31

(100 Yen) (JPY) 29.22 28.38 28.53 28.53 28.91 28.80 28.46

Yuan (CNY) 4.68 4.64 4.72 4.74 4.63 4.51 4.48

Source: Bank of Thailand

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 25

Table 1-5 Major export markets of Thailand in 2019 Unit: Million Baht

Country Value % Share
United States 971,239.50
China 902,188.10 12.73
Japan 759,787.10 11.83
Vietnam 375,216.20 9.96
Hong Kong 362,830.30 4.92
Malaysia 321,023.40 4.76
Australia 317,033.10 4.21
Indonesia 281,972.00 4.16
Singapore 274,918.80 3.70
India 227,875.10 3.60
Other 2.99
2,834,316.80 37.15
Total 7,628,400.40 100.00
Source: Ministry of Commerce
Table 1-6 Thailand’s top 10 export industries in 2019 Value (Unit: Million Baht) Unit: Million Baht

Product 2019 2018 % YoY

Automobiles, equipment and components 846,435.20 927,501.30 11.83
Computer, equipment and components 9.96
Gem and Jewelry 564,626.60 633,150.20 4.92
Rubber products 4.76
Plastic resin 486,216.00 383,976.70 4.21
Chemical 4.16
Circuit board 347,649.50 353,442.90 3.70
Machinery and mechanical components 3.60
Iron, steel and products 284,263.00 330,156.10 2.99
Air conditioners and components -0.53
235,246.70 294,215.40

234,892.20 267,101.00

227,071.40 262,831.50

172,229.00 201,010.90

170,578.40 171,487.70

Source: Ministry of Commerce Unit: Percent

Table 1-7 World economic growth forecast in 2020

World IMF World Bank
United States -4.9 -5.2
EU -8.0 -6.1
Japan -10.2 -9.1
China -5.2 -6.1
Thailand 1.2 1.0
-7.7 -5.0

Source: IMF, World Bank

Table 1-8 Thailand economic growth forecast in 2020

Organization GDP 2020 Growth %
Bank of Thailand: BOT -8.1
Siam Commercial Bank: SCB -7.3
Bank of Ayudhya: Krungsri -10.3
Bangkok Bank: BBL -9.7
Asia Plus Securities: Asia Plus -8.4
Asian Development Bank: ADB -6.5
Kasikornbank: Kbank -6.0
Kiatnakin Bank: KKP -9.0
The Joint Standing Committee on Commerce, Industry and Banking: JSCCIB -8.1

Source: Bank of Thailand, Siam Commercial Bank, Bank of Ayudhya, Bangkok Bank, Asia Plus Securities, Asian Development Bank, Kasikornbank,
Kiatnakin Bank, The Joint Standing Committee on Commerce, Industry and Banking

26

POSTAP-OPLNAESD20T2O0 2022
THE DATE WILL BE ANNOUNCED SOON
AT BITEC, BANGKOK

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 27

Chapter 2

Updates of the Global
Plastics Industry

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Chapter 2

Updates of the Global Plastics Industry

“Plastics” is a material with a long history. It was first discovered over 200 years
ago. Ever since, its properties have been continuously developed and improved. As
a consequence, nowadays, there are increasingly innumerable types and formula
of plastics. ... The journey of the development of these properties has taken place
as plastics is a material that can replace traditional materials, including paper, wood
pulp, or metal, etc. Importantly, plastics’ replacement has come with its improved
properties, resulting in the development for the enhancement of human quality of life.

2.1 Overview of global plastic resin production

Due to the never-ending advancement of the world’ technology, the technology
related to the plastics industry or the petrochemical industry has been developed in
parallel. Therefore, the global plastic resin production has experienced continuous
growth. According to the statistics of the current global plastic resin production, if one
looks back 39 years ago, it is clear that the global plastic resin production has grown
continuously at the average of 4.8 percent a year from approximately 60 million tons
in 1980 to 359 million tons in 2018, or the increase of nearly six folds for the past 40
years. It is expected to increase 389 million tons a year by 2025.

Figure 2-1 Global plastic resin production between 1980-2025f

Million Tons 450 389
400 359 AAGR +1.2%
350
300 AAGR +3.6%
250 279
200
150 AAGR +3.7%
100 60 187
50
AAGR +5.9%
0 105

AAGR +5.8%

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019f
2020f
2021f
2022f
2023f
2024f
2025f

Source: www.plastats.com: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 29

The highly increased demand of plastic resin in the past has the tendency
to continuously increase into the future. Although at present the plastics industry
worldwide is facing the problems of environmental trends and “plastics” inevitably
seems to be a culprit, it must be recognized that the industry has adapted and
prepared itself well for the environmental trend. This is toppled by the fact that
it is impossible to completely stop using plastics and the development trend of
downstream industries still requires plastics’ good properties. For example, the
advent of electric vehicles requires the use of plastics as a main component in
a car body to reduce weight and at the same time increase efficiency in driving
and reduce consumption of energy. Construction materials start to be developed
for the increased use of plastics. Thanks to its light weight, environmental and
chemical resistance, strength, and flexibility in design, more plastics has been
developed as accompanying material in construction than in the past. Even in
general manufacturing industries, the trend starts to use more and more recycled
plastics in the manufacturing process. This is due to the regulations of importing
countries in determining the PCR (Post- Consumer Recycled Plastics Rate) in
products or the efforts to use recycled plastics to benefit production and enhance
business image.

30

Based on the global plastic resin production with continuous growth, if
we consider the production areas divided by regions, we will find that Asia has
always had the highest share of plastic resin production or over half of the total
global production. In 2018, Asia produced 183 million tons of plastic resin or
51 percent of the total volume. China alone had the share of approximately
30 percent or approximately 54.9 million tons which was the country with the
highest global plastic resin production in the world, followed by Japan with the
production share of approximately 4 percent of the total volume or 5.5 million
tons, followed by Europe and American continents with the equal share of 20
percent of production.

Figure 2-2 Shares of global plastic resin production divided by regions

Million Tons 450
400
350 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019f 2020f 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f
300
250
200
150
100

50
0
2014

Asia North-South America Europe Middle East+Africa

Source: Association of Plastics Manufacturers: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 31

The main reason that the petrochemical industry has its production bases in
Asia is that Asia has sufficient natural resources appropriate to the petrochemical
industry, whether crude oil or natural gaz. Moreover, concerning the market
context, one must recognize that Asia has very high population density. More
than half of the global population reside in Asia. Most countries in Asia consist of
developing countries such as ASEAN with demand of national basic infrastructure
development and enhancement of their own population’s quality of life. Therefore,
the purchasing power or demand of consumer products of the population in the
region increases rapidly. The economy of developed countries such as Japan
and Korea or even China has experienced rapid growth as well. The mentioned
growth factors have all benefited the growth of the plastics industry.
2.2 Overview of global plastic resin trade
For the plastics industry in 2019, the import value of plastic resin was
289,878.5 million USD or down 9.12 percent from 2018. The trend of plastic
resin export was also in the same direction or down 10.9 percent from 2018,
or net export value of 268,794.2 million USD. The decline derived from the
stable and low prices of plastic resin due to the overall crude oil prices that had
continuously dropped on a monthly basis from 2018. Moreover, countries still
face with economic downturn due to the trade war between US and China, putting
pressure on the economic climate for the continuous decline of consumption
worldwide all year round.

32

However, it is forecast that the situations of import and export of plastic resin
in 2020e will continue to be pressured by the factors. But it is also forecast that
the trade war between US and China will not impact trade very much in 2020e. On
the contrary, the crude oil price war between Saudi Arabia and Russia in the first
quarter of 2020e puts heavy pressure on crude oil prices, decreasing the plastic
resin prices as well. Moreover, the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide
brings economic activities to a standstill. As a consequence, the consumption
of goods in many countries around the world has slowed down. Therefore, it
is forecast that the import and export of plastic resin in 2020e will continue to
decrease 3.6 percent from 2019. However, it is forecast that within five years in
2025, the import and export of plastic resin will expand on a continuous basis after
the various crises. The trend of the plastic resin prices is expected to gradually
increase as well. It is expected that in five years, the global plastics industry will
experience the annual growth of import and export of plastic resin at 1.31 percent
and 1.23 percent respectively, with the import value of 311,091 million USD and
the export value of 288,572 million USD of plastic resin in 2025.

Figure 2-3 Import-export values of global plastic resin

350,000
300,000

Millions USD 250,000 AAGR +0.6% AAGR +1.3%
200,000 AAGR +0.6% AAGR +1.2%
150,000
100,000

50,000

-

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f

Import Export

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS codes 3901-3915

The comparison of the import and export volumes of global plastic resin in
2019 revealed that the import and export volumes were 182,408 kilotons, or up
2.1 percent from 2018. It is forecast that in 2020e, the import volume will slightly
decrease at 2.9 percent due to the decreased production and consumption in the
world economy, as a result of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However,

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 33

it is forecast that between 2021-2025, the import volume of plastic resin will
increase thanks to the recovery of the world economy. It is estimated that
the import volume of plastic resin will increase at the average of 2.0 percent
a year and, by 2025, the import volume of plastic resin worldwide will be
200,801 kilotons.

The export volume of the global plastic resin is also in the same
direction. It is forecast that in 2020e, the export volume will decrease 3.6
percent due to the world economy that has been affected by the spread of
the COVID-19 pandemic and will increase again in 2021. It is forecast that
between 2021-2025, the export volume of global plastic resin will grow at
the average of 2.19 percent a year. By 2025, the export volume of the global
plastic resin is expected to be 190,382 kilotons.

Figure 2-4 Import-export volumes of global plastic resin

250,000

KTons 200,000 AAGR +1.5% AAGR +2.0%
150,000

100,000 AAGR +2.2%
50,000
AAGR +0.9%

-

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f

Import Export

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

2.2.1 World major importers of plastic resin
Between 2010-2020e, China has remained the importer with the world’s
highest share of import value of plastic resin. In the past, its import share was
19.1 percent and down to 18.4 percent in 2020e. It is followed by Germany who,
for the past 11 years, is ranked 2nd for the import of global plastic resin. US has
climbed from the 4th rank in 2010 up to the 3rd rank in 2020e replacing Italy. India
has also climbed from the 9th rank in 2010 up to the 6th rank in 2020e. France

34

has climbed from the 5th rank in 2010 down to the 7th rank in 2020e. Turkey has
dropped 1 rank from the 7th rank in 2010 to the 8th rank in 2020e.
The world’s top importers of plastic resin are developed countries or
countries with large population. The import in large volume reflects the demand
of the domestic consumption. For example, in Asia, the major importers include
China and India. In the American continents, US is the major importer. In Europe,
Germany is the main importer. However, the future trend of the import shares of
plastic resin in each continent will not be different from the present. The economy
of each country is all contributed to Organic Growth.

Figure 2-5 Comparison of changes in the import shares of 10 countries
with the world’s highest import value of plastic resin

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Import plastics resin 2010 Import plastics resin 2020e

19.1% 18.4%

46.8% Total Import 7.1% 46.0% Total Import 6.6%
245,644.5 279,587.7
Million USD 4.3%
Million USD 5.4%
4.8%
4.3%
4.0% 3.9%

2.2% 3.8%
2.0% 2.7% 3.0%4.1% 2.5% 2.9% 3.1% 3.2%

China Germany United States Italy
Belgium India France Turkey
Mexico Netherlands Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

The growth in terms of value for the past four years (2017-2020e) of the
world’ top ten importers of plastic resin has revealed the growth trend of the
import of plastic resin of the 10 countries in the same direction. The import value
experienced growth from 2017 to 2018. But from 2018 to 2019, the import value
of plastic resin of the 10 countries decreased. In 2019, the import value of plastic

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 35

resin of three major importers consisted as follows: China with the import value
of 53,283.3 million USD or down 5.5 percent from 2018, followed by Germany
with the import value of 19,139.9 million USD or down 13.4 percent from 2018,
and US with the import value of 15,626.6 USD or down 11.5 percent from 2018.
It is estimated that in 2020e, the import of plastic resin of those countries will
decrease at the average of 3.6 percent from 2019.

Figure 2-6 10 Countries with the world’s highest share of import value of plastic resin

China 18,460.4 51,390.7
Germany 15,071.9 50,000.0
United States 12,088.7
10,928.4
Italy 10,511.6
Belgium 8,942.0
8,607.6
India 8,057.7
France 7,034.6
Turkey
Mexico 100,000.0 128,493.5
Netherlands 150,000.0
Other
Millions USD
0.0

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

The import volume of global
plastic resin for the past 11 years
(2010-2020e) has revealed that China
and Germany continue to be the two
major importers of plastic resin with
the shares of import volume of plastic
resin in 2020e at 20.2 percent and 5.9
percent respectively. At the same time,
US has climbed up to the 3rd rank in
2020e replacing Italy.

36

However, as for the importers’ highest shares of the global plastic
resin in terms of value as mentioned earlier in parallel, most importers
with the highest shares of plastic resin both in terms of value and volume
are the same countries such as China, Germany, US, Italy, India, Turkey,
Belgium, and France.

Figure 2-7 Comparison of changes in the import shares of 10 countries
with the world’s highest import volume of plastic resin

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Import plastics resin 2010 Import plastics resin 2020e

21.9% 20.2%

46.8% Total Import 44.8% Total Import 5.9%
145,401.3 177,055.8 4.7%
KTons 6.3% KTons
3.9%

4.9% 4.4%
2.5% 4.3%

2.0% 1.1%3.5%3.9% 3.2% 2.5% 3.8%
2.7% 3.0% 3.7%

China Germany United States Italy
India Turkey France
Malaysia Poland fBelgium

Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

The overall import volume of the importers of plastic resin in
2019 experienced both increase and decrease, depending on countries.
China was the importer with the world’s highest import volume of
plastic resin. It imported plastic resin 36,911.0 kilotons or up 12.2
percent from 2018. The 2nd and 3rd countries with the highest shares
of import volume of plastic resin namely Germany imported plastic
resin 10,707.2 kilotons and US imported plastic resin 8,572.5 kilotons.
The import volume of both countries was down 4.0 percent and 4.9
percent respectively from 2019. It is forecast that in 2020e, the import
volume of plastic resin of those countries will decrease from 2019 at
the estimated average of 2.9 percent.

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 37

Figure 2-8 10 Countries with the world’s highest
shares of import volume of plastic resin

China 35,827.9
Germany
United States 10,393.1
8,321.0
Italy 7,723.7
India 7,572.6
Turkey 6,690.2
Belgium 6,581.6
France 5,304.6
Malaysia 4,839.7
Poland 4,456.4
Other
79,345.0
0
10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000
KTons

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

2.2.2 World major exporters of plastic resin
Since 2010 up till the present, the US has remained the country
with the world’s highest export value of plastic resin, with the export
share of approximately 13 percent of the total plastic resin export market.
The 2nd - 4th exporters with the world’s highest shares of export value of
plastic resin include Germany, Belgium, and South Korea. For the past
11 years, there have not been many changes in ranks or export shares,
except China who has clearly increased the export share of plastic resin.
In 2010, China ranked the 10th exporter of the world’s export of plastic
resin in terms of value. But at present in 2020e, China has experienced
high export growth and is ranked the 5th exporter, replacing Japan. As
for Japan, it was ranked from the 6th exporter in 2010 and down to the
9th exporter at present in terms of export value of plastic resin.

Due to the trend of the changes in the ranks of the exporters with the
world’s highest shares of export value of plastic resin, it is forecast that in the

38

future, the top three countries will still remain major exporters of the world’s
plastic resin. But the growth of China’s export of plastic resin still has the
trend of future growth and may replace South Korea in a very short time.

Figure 2-9 Comparison of changes in the export shares of 10 countries
with the world’s highest export value of plastic resin

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Export plastics resin 2010 Export plastics resin 2020e

13.1% 13.6%

32.6% 10.7% 31.3% 9.9%
7.9%
Total Export Total Export
244,721.5 262,278.4
Million USD 8.6%
Million USD

3.8% 7.3% 3.4% 7.9%
4.4% 6.4%
5.5% 3.1% 5.9%
3.9% 5.9% 4.6%
4.7%
5.4%

United States Germany Belgium South Korea
China Netherlands Taiwan Singapore
Japan France Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

The growth of export value of plastic resin during the four years
(2017-2020e) of the ten countries with the world’s highest export value of
plastic resin has been in the same direction. Export experienced growth in
2018 and decreased in 2019 due to the price fluctuations of plastic resin.

The export of plastic resin of the
three major exporters in 2019
was as follows. US export value
of plastic resin was 37,085.5
million USD or down 1.6 percent
from 2018. It was followed by
Germany with export value of
26,491.1 million USD or down
10.3 percent from 2018 and

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 39

Belgium with export value of 23,507.2 million USD or down 9.6 percent from
2018. It is forecast that in 2020e the export value of plastic resin of those
countries will decrease at the estimated average of 2.4 percent from 2019.

Figure 2-10 10 Countries with the world’s highest export value of plastic resin

United States 35,582.4
Germany 25,849.0
Belgium 20,717.4
20,696.2
South Korea 16,734.1
China 15,380.4
12,441.5
Netherlands 12,148.3
Taiwan 11,571.4
8,977.9
Singapore
Japan 20,000 40,000 60,000 82,180.0 100,000 120,000
80,000 Million USD
France
Other

0

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

In terms of export volume of plastic resin of the world’s major exporters
for the past 11 years (2010-2020e), US still remains the exporter with the world’s
highest share of plastic resin or 12 percent of the world’s total export volume
of plastic resin. The 2nd rank is South Korea, replacing Germany, with export
share of 8 percent of the total export volume. Germany is in the 3rd rank with the
export share similar to South Korea. However, in 2010, China was ranked 10th
for the export volume of plastic resin and climbed up to the 5th rank in 2020e
with the export share of approximately 6 percent of the total export volume of
plastic resin.

The trend of the share of export volume of the global major exporters’
plastic resin remains stable. However, the growth of export volume of each
country reveals that China has experienced high export growth for the past 11
years and climbed up from the 10th to the 6th rank of plastic resin exporter at

40

present. Subsequently, it is possible for China to become one of the world’s top
five exporters of plastic resin soon.

Figure 2-11 Comparison of the changes in export shares of 10 countries with the
world’s highest export volume of plastic resin

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Export plastics resin 2010 Export plastics resin 2020e

12.3% 12.7%

7.5% 34.0% 8.1%

39.2% Total Export Total Export
142,672.6 165,065.7
KTons 9.4% KTons 8.0%

8.0% 7.4%

3.8% 2.7% 3.4% 6.1%
2.9% 5.3% 5.2% 3.7% 4.3% 5.5%

5.2% 5.3%

United States South Korea Germany Belgium
China Singapore Netherlands Taiwan
Thailand France Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

As for the export volume of plastic resin of the world’s top ten
exporters for the past four years (2017-2020e), most exporters in Asia such
as South Korea, China, Singapore, and Thailand, including US, experienced
continuous growth between 2017-2019. But most exporters in Europe such
as Germany, the Netherlands, and France,
experienced continuous decrease in export
volume of plastic resin between 2017-
2019. In 2019, the top three exporters of
plastic resin included US with export volume
of 21,709.9 kilotons or up 13.1 percent
from 2018, followed by South Korea with
export volume of 13,891.4 kilotons or up
2.9 percent from the previous year, and
Germany with export volume of 13,753.8
kilotons or down 1.3 percent from the

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 41

previous year. It is estimated that in 2020e, those countries will experience the
decrease in export volume of plastic resin at the average of 3.6 percent from 2019.

Figure 2-12 10 Countries of the world’s highest shares of export volume of plastic resin

United States 20,932.0
South Korea
13,393.7
Germany 13,261.0
Belgium 12,175.2
China 10,098.7
9,046.2
Singapore 8,744.8
Netherlands 8,586.6
7,020.6
Taiwan 5,602.0
Thailand
10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 56,195.9 70,000
France 60,000 KTons
Other

0

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3901-3915

2.3 Global trade overview of plastic products

The global trade overview of plastic products in 2019 with import and
export values decreased 2.1 percent and 1.0 percent respectively from 2018, or
291,453.7 million USD and 316,637.8 million USD respectively. The decrease
was in the same direction as the trade of plastic resin. The global economic
slowdown was the main reason for the decrease. The consumption in 2019 was
clearly down from 2018, directly impacting the demand for consumer plastic
products or products with plastics as component.

The global trade overview of plastic products in 2020e is forecast to
continuously decrease both for import and export. The spread of the COVID-19
pandemic has been an important factor that puts the pressure on the demand of
consumer products. It is expected that the import and export of plastic products

42

in 2020e will decrease 4.7 percent and 5.6 percent respectively with the value
277,834.1 million USD and 289,829.1 million USD respectively. It is forecast
that in five years by 2025, the values of the world’s import and export of plastic
products will increase at the average of 2.07 percent and 2.88 percent a year
respectively or 331,910.5 million USD and 354,007.7 million USD respectively.

Figure 2-13 Import-export values of global plastic products

Millions USD 400,000 AAGR +2.2% AAGR +2.1%
350,000 AAGR +2.0% AAGR +2.9%
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000

50,000
-

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f

Import Export

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3916-3926


2.3.1 World major importers of plastic products

For the past 11 years (2010-2020e), there have not been many
changes in the ranking of most importers of plastic products. It is
estimated that the shares of the import
value of plastic products in 2020e of
the world’s top five importers of plastic
products are as follows. US is still ranked
first (estimated share of 14.4 percent),
followed by Germany (estimated share
of 7.5 percent), China (estimated share
of 6.3 percent), France (estimated share
of 5.1 percent), and Mexico (estimated
share of 4.5 percent). The shares have not
changed much from the past. However,
the Netherlands climbed up from the 9th

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 43

rank in 2010 to the 7th rank in 2020e whereas Japan climbed down from
the 7th rank in 2010 to the 9th rank in 2020e.

Figure 2-14 Comparison of changes in the import shares of 10 countries
with the world’s highest import value of plastic products

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Import plastics product 2010 Import plastics product 2020ee

11.1% 14.4%

7.8%

Total Import Total Import 7.5%
217,022.6 277,834.1
47.1% 6.9% 45.3%

Million USD 6.0% 6.3%
Million USD 5.1%

4.8% 4.5%
2.4%3.5% 3.4% 2.6%4.4% 4.0%

2.7%3.3% 3.5% 3.5%

United States Germany China France
Mexico United Kingdom Netherlands Canada
Japan Poland Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3916-3926

The growth of import value of plastic products in each country reveals
that the growth trend during the four years (2017-2020e) has different growth

trends. Most experienced the increase
of import value in 2018 and stability
or decrease in 2019. But US and the
Netherlands, ranked 1st and 7th of the
world’s importers, saw the growth in
their import value of plastic products
in 2019. In 2019, the world’s top three
importers of plastic products included US
with the import value of 42,002.5 million
USD or up 1.8 percent from 2018. It was
followed by Germany with the import
value of 21,986.8 million USD or down

44

4.9 percent from 2018. China had the import value of 18,295.9 million USD or
down 0.9 percent from 2018. It is forecast that in 2020e, those countries will
experience the decrease in their import value of plastic products at the estimated
average of 4.7 percent.

Figure 2-15 10 Countries with the world’s highest import value of plastic products

United States 40,039.7
Germany
China 20,959.4
France 17,441.0
Mexico 14,204.9
12,377.3
United Kingdom 11,137.4
Netherlands 9,665.9
Canada 9,603.7
Japan 9,207.2
Poland 7,401.8
Other
0 126,481.2

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000

Million USD

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3916-3926

2.3.2 World major Exporters of plastic products
As for the changes of the world’s major exporters of plastic products
for the past 11 years (2011-2020e), there have not been many changes
in the ranking of the
exporters. The world’s top
five exporters of plastic
products in 2020e include
China (estimated share of
21.2 percent), Germany
(estimated share of 11.7
percent), US (estimated
share of 9.0 percent), Italy
(estimated share of 4.4

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 45

percent), replacing Japan. In 2011, Japan was ranked 4th as the world’s
exporter of plastic products and is ranked 5th in 2020e with the export share
of 7.1 percent down to 4.2 percent of the total global export value of plastic
products. The changes of the ranking of the top five countries have been quite
stable. But the changes in the shares from the past to the present are interesting.
The country with the clearest and highest growth of export is China with the
growth of export of plastic products at 12.2 percent in 2011 up to 21.2 percent
in 2020e, surpassing nearly all the markets of the exporters of lower rankings.

Figure 2-16 Comparison of changes in the export shares of 10 countries
with the world’s highest export value of plastic products

Top-10 contries of Global Top-10 contries of Global
Export plastics product 2010 Export plastics product 2020e

12.2%

21.2%

36.4% Total Export 14.1% 33.4% 11.7%
221,514.8
Total Export
Million USD 298,829.1
9.7%
Million USD

3.5% 5.4% 2.8% 9.0%
2.8% 7.1% 3.1%
3.9% 3.6%4.2% 4.4%
3.2% 3.3%

2.2% 2.8%

China Germany United States Italy
Japan South Korea Poland France
Netherlands Belgium Other

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand

Note: Calculate from HS Codes 3916-3926


As for the growth of export value of each country, it was found that all
countries saw the increase of export value of plastic products in 2018 and most
countries saw the decrease of export value of plastic products in 2019. With the
exception of China who was the “World’s number one exporter of plastic products
with the continuous growth of export value of 8.5 percent in 2019. Moreover, in
2019, the export value of plastic products of South Korea and the Netherlands
increased as well at 3.3 percent and 0.8 percent respectively.

46

In 2019, the world’s top three exporters of plastic productors included
China with the export value of 67,237.1 million USD or up 8.5 percent from 2018,
followed by Germany with export value of 37,146.5 million USD or down 5.4
percent from 2018, and US with export value of 28,545.8 million USD or down
3.2 percent from 2018.

Figure 2-17 10 Countries with the world’s highest export value of plastic products

China 63,455.4
Germany
United States 35,074.2
26,940.3
Italy
Japan 13,014.2
South Korea 12,602.7
Poland 10,743.7
France 9,745.9
Netherlands 9,598.8
Belgium 9,308.4
Other 8,421.7

0 99,924.0

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

Million USD

2017 2018 2019 2020e

Source: Global Trade Atlas: Information adjusted by Plastics Intelligent Center, Plastics Institute of Thailand
Note: Calculated from HS Codes 3916-3926

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 47

Chapter 2: Global Plastics Industry Movement Statistics Annex

Table: 2-1 Global resin production Unit: Million Tons

Every 10 years Per year

1980 1990 2000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019f 2020f 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f

Production 60 105 187 270 279 288 259 311 322 335 348 359 363 339 348 359 370 381 389

Source: www.plastats.com Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC

Table: 2-2 Global resin production by region Unit: Million Tons

Resin Production by region 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019f 2020f 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f
Asia 143.1 157.8 177.5 174.0 183.1 188.8 169.5 181.0 183.1 188.7 194.3 198.3
America 74.6 74.1 78.1 76.6 79.0 76.2 74.6 76.6 79.0 77.7 80.0 81.7
Europe 71.5 67.6 74.6 73.1 71.8 72.6 69.5 66.8 72.6 78.5 80.8 82.3
Middle East + Africa 21.8 22.5 24.9 24.4 25.1 25.4 25.4 23.7 24.4 25.1 25.9 26.7
311.0 322.0 355.0 348.0 359.0 363.0 339.0 348.0 359.0 370.0 381.0 389.0
Total

Source: Association of Plastics Manufacturers Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC

Table 2-3 Global plastics resin import and export by value Unit: Million USD

Import 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f
Export 271,652.6 261,902.2 292,729.3 319,288.2 289,878.5 279,587.8 295,308.5 299,254.8 303,199.0 307,145.4 311,091.8
254,197.7 245,919.1 275,586.1 301,679.1 268,794.3 262,278.4 274,813.8 278,252.1 281,692.1 285,132.4 288,572.6

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

Table 2-4 Global plastics resin import and export by volume Unit: KTons

Import 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f
Export 163,995.5 183,033.6 182,519.10 178,617.4 182,408.1 177,055.8 185,493.7 189,320.7 193,147.8 196,974.9 200,801.9
158,117.7 165,063.3 170,307.3 172,556.0 171,190.6 165,056.8 174,602.2 178,975.0 182,457.0 186,694.1 190,382.6

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

Table 2-5 2010-2020e Top-10 countries of Global plastics resin import by value Unit: Million USD

Top-10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e
Import countries
China 48,630.8 53,315.0 52,581.4 55,127.5 57,586.2 49,203.0 45,034.7 51,779.1 56,412.1 53,282.3 51,390.7
Germany 17,995.0 21,678.0 20,018.8 20,719.7 21,277.9 17,868.0 17,490.9 19,994.1 22,116.1 19,139.9 18,460.4

United States 10,941.8 12,858.1 13,282.7 13,982.5 15,750.7 14,549.1 14,244.5 15,498.2 17,674.7 15,626.7 15,071.9

Italy 12,205.8 14,502.1 12,493.8 13,030.6 13,228.1 11,456.4 11,280.7 12,646.4 13,991.6 12,533.7 12,088.7
Belgium 10,167.4 11,683.3 11,095.8 11,713.0 11,800.0 9,726.1 10,295.1 11,492.4 12,129.4 11,330.7 10,928.5
India 5,726.8 6,001.9 7,247.7 7,800.3 9,406.8 8,860.5 8,737.3 10,067.8 11,551.5 10,898.6 10,511.6
France 10,332.8 11,384.2 10,350.1 10,636.5 10,547.5 8,827.6 8,604.1 9,698.7 10,564.6 9,271.1 8,942.0
Turkey 7,580.7 9,935.6 9,932.3 10,989.0 11,048.3 9,387.0 8,695.6 10,174.3 10,136.1 8,924.4 8,607.6

Mexico 6,879.1 8,033.8 8,406.6 8,835.4 9,502.6 9,046.2 8,775.6 9,196.8 10,372.0 8,354.3 8,057.7
Netherlands 4,997.9 6,215.7 6,143.8 6,385.0 6,682.3 5,974.2 5,979.4 6,988.1 7,801.0 7,293.5 7,034.6
Other 119,186.5 142,738.4 138,677.0 142,178.6 148,328.7 126,754.4 122,764.5 135,193.5 146,539.2 133,223.3 128,493.5
254,644.6 298,346.0 290,230.0 301,397.9 315,159.1 271,652.6 261,902.2 292,729.3 319,288.2 289,878.5 277,843.2
Total

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

48

Table 2-6 2010-2020e Top-10 countries of Global plastics resin import by volume Unit: KTons

Top-10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e
Import countries
China 31,912.8 31,427.5 32,578.0 32,499.3 33,605.4 33,455.7 33,046.9 34,506.0 32,895.8 36,911.0 35,827.9
Germany 9,153.0 9,265.8 9,275.5 9,392.6 9,718.1 10,186.4 10,498.8 10,977.6 11,157.7 10,707.3 10,393.1
United States 5,735.4 6,047.7 6,279.3 6,613.4 7,252.7 7,478.4 8,105.8 8,318.7 9,013.5 8,572.6 8,321.0
Italy 7,056.9 6,987.3 6,515.0 6,542.1 6,695.5 7,220.8 7,542.5 7,794.2 7,874.5 7,957.1 7,723.7
India 3,592.4 3,270.2 4,407.8 4,714.0 5,447.4 6,009.0 6,509.9 6,879.7 7,442.2 7,801.6 7,572.6
Turkey 4,683.5 5,218.0 5,602.7 6,056.4 6,047.3 6,269.0 6,522.6 7,166.1 6,758.4 6,892.4 6,690.2
Belgium 5,694.5 5,638.8 5,537.0 5,627.3 5,545.5 5,826.6 6,649.8 6,897.7 6,676.7 6,780.6 6,581.6
France 5,072.4 5,157.2 5,063.9 5,024.5 5,004.9 5,192.1 5,332.1 5,540.7 5,562.2 5,464.9 5,304.6
Malaysia 1,567.8 1,865.0 1,965.1 2,216.5 2,678.7 2,912.9 3,146.9 3,636.8 4,700.5 4,986.0 4,839.7
Poland 2,858.9 3,015.5 2,973.7 3,013.6 3,290.8 3,482.8 3,942.7 4,194.5 4,503.2 4,591.2 4,456.4
Other 68,073.8 70,940.0 73,470.9 73,387.0 75,388.8 75,961.7 91,735.6 86,607.1 82,032.8 81,743.6 79,345.0
145,401.3 148,832.9 153,668.9 155,086.8 160,675.2 163,995.5 183,033.6 182,519.1 178,617.4 182,408.1 177,055.8
Total

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

Table 2-7 2010-2020e Top-10 countries of Global plastics resin export by value Unit: Million USD

Top-10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e
Export countries
United States 32,136.0 35,359.5 34,544.0 35,523.1 36,088.0 33,299.5 31,704.9 33,785.8 37,085.5 36,466.4 35,582.4
Germany 26,208.0 29,906.4 27,883.2 29,044.7 29,862.0 24,840.8 24,699.4 27,943.6 29,535.1 26,491.2 25,849.0
Belgium 21,107.5 24,001.1 22,285.3 23,062.2 23,426.1 19,721.6 19,335.0 21,565.5 23,507.2 21,232.1 20,717.4
South Korea 17,817.3 20,260.5 20,323.8 22,124.5 22,569.1 19,120.0 18,295.8 21,288.3 23,872.3 21,210.3 20,696.2
China 7,701.0 10,911.6 11,186.5 12,703.8 14,389.0 12,448.9 12,214.3 15,031.4 18,318.7 17,149.8 16,734.1
Netherlands 14,544.1 17,514.4 16,798.3 17,190.6 17,391.2 15,417.8 14,825.5 16,561.7 18,060.6 15,762.5 15,380.4
Taiwan 13,158.1 14,760.4 13,823.7 14,683.6 13,892.8 11,667.5 10,942.3 13,330.7 15,101.3 12,750.6 12,441.5
Singapore 9,504.5 11,242.9 11,642.3 12,151.5 14,065.1 11,517.5 11,205.0 12,554.0 13,744.9 12,450.1 12,148.3
Japan 13,475.4 13,932.6 12,918.2 12,082.1 12,089.6 10,922.1 11,150.1 12,017.1 12,465.9 11,858.9 11,571.4
France 9,390.4 11,201.9 10,427.1 10,923.1 11,429.6 9,346.5 8,966.8 10,091.6 10,356.0 9,200.9 8,977.9
Other 79,679.3 95,841.2 93,192.0 95,538.5 99,838.9 85,895.5 82,580.1 91,416.6 99,631.6 84,221.6 82,180.0
244,721.6 284,932.5 275,024.4 285,027.5 295,041.3 254,197.7 245,919.1 275,586.1 301,679.1 268,794.3 262,278.4
Total

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

THAILAND PLASTICS FACTS & FIGURES 2020 AND ITS NEXT 5 YEARS 49

Table 2-8 2010-2020e Top-10 countries of Global plastics resin export by volume Unit: KTons

Top-10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e
Export countries
United States 17,508.3 17,493.5 17,247.1 17,440.6 17,213.0 17,651.0 17,983.6 17,968.0 19,179.9 21,709.9 20,932.0
South Korea 10,639.6 10,347.9 11,109.8 11,954.4 12,001.6 12,132.6 12,611.3 13,196.7 13,496.9 13,891.4 13,393.7
Germany 13,430.9 13,154.9 13,135.1 13,123.9 13,612.6 13,747.4 14,247.1 14,532.4 13,940.8 13,753.8 13,261.0
Belgium 11,485.0 11,019.9 10,776.4 10,816.2 11,166.2 11,760.3 12,515.0 12,491.3 12,701.6 12,627.7 12,175.2
China 3,902.3 4,888.7 5,384.7 6,376.3 7,686.5 7,330.8 8,205.7 9,070.5 9,804.7 10,474.0 10,098.7
Singapore 5,262.3 6,147.1 6,592.8 6,642.7 8,158.0 7,564.3 8,212.4 8,589.5 8,867.2 9,382.4 9,046.2
Netherlands 7,415.8 7,737.7 8,014.7 8,077.7 8,085.9 8,598.0 9,177.1 9,326.5 9,390.9 9,069.8 8,744.8
Taiwan 7,516.1 7,234.8 7,437.3 7,975.9 7,637.3 7,951.1 8,245.4 8,728.6 9,144.2 8,905.7 8,586.6
Thailand 4,155.4 5,056.5 5,371.0 5,477.9 5,756.0 5,842.3 5,881.3 6,298.2 6,990.2 7,281.5 7,020.6
France 5,415.9 5,498.1 5,569.3 5,538.1 5,781.0 5,857.6 5,962.1 6,247.4 5,936.3 5,810.2 5,602.0
Other 55,941.1 55,784.1 57,579.4 55,651.4 57,875.9 59,682.3 62,022.2 63,858.2 63,103.4 58,284.2 56,195.9
142,672.6 144,363.3 148,217.6 149,075.4 154,974.0 158,117.7 165,063.3 170,307.3 172,556.0 171,190.6 165,056.8
Total

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3901-3915

Table 2-9 Global plastics product export and import Unit: Million USD

Import 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e 2021f 2022f 2023f 2024f 2025f
Export 249,289.8 255,683.4 275,665.9 297,785.7 291,453.8 277,834.2 305,839.5 312,357.3 318,875.1 325,392.8 331,910.6
271,231.9 275,727.9 295,246.6 319,767.1 316,637.9 298,829.2 315,964.3 326,040.3 332,825.1 347,073.8 354,007.7

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3916-3929

Table 2-10 2010-2020e Top-10 countries of Global plastics product import by value Unit: Million USD

Top-10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020e
Import countries
United States 24,027.6 26,552.4 28,794.5 30,244.7 32,166.4 33,442.3 33,838.3 36,667.4 41,250.0 42,002.5 40,039.7
Germany 16,839.5 19,909.7 18,582.6 19,713.3 21,047.5 19,040.6 19,463.9 21,110.1 23,108.3 21,986.8 20,959.4
China 15,057.7 16,891.9 16,904.5 17,274.8 17,605.8 16,410.2 15,995.3 17,194.9 18,455.0 18,296.0 17,441.0
France 12,953.9 14,631.1 13,789.2 14,428.3 14,859.3 13,048.6 13,417.0 14,448.4 15,418.9 14,901.2 14,204.9
Mexico 10,525.4 10,452.7 11,429.2 11,974.4 12,813.8 13,260.2 13,368.7 13,966.8 14,923.3 12,984.0 12,377.3
United Kingdom 9,470.4 10,499.6 10,386.8 10,866.9 11,874.7 10,994.3 10,706.7 10,999.1 11,795.6 11,683.3 11,137.4
Netherlands 5,657.1 6,351.2 5,847.8 6,127.4 6,485.0 6,040.1 8,071.4 8,919.1 9,876.4 10,139.8 9,665.9
Canada 7,471.6 8,187.6 8,652.0 8,900.7 9,247.6 8,829.4 8,889.7 9,586.9 10,138.4 10,074.5 9,603.7
Japan 7,568.0 8,933.5 9,205.9 8,996.7 9,191.3 8,498.8 8,654.5 9,050.4 9,723.9 9,658.6 9,207.2
Poland 5,151.6 6,026.5 5,584.3 6,110.9 6,737.3 5,955.8 6,396.4 7,241.6 8,047.9 7,764.6 7,401.8
Other 102,299.7 16,696.7 114,975.2 121,356.9 125,662.2 113,769.4 116,881.4 126,481.2 135,047.9 131,962.5 125,796.0
217,022.7 245,132.8 244,151.9 255,995.1 267,690.9 249,289.8 255,683.4 275,665.9 297,785.7 291,453.8 277,834.2
Total

Source: Global Trade Atlas Modified by Plastics Intelligent Center: PIC
Remark: Calculated by H.S. Code 3916-3929

50