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2.1 Chemistry Plus

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Published by MBD, 2023-09-01 02:42:12

2.1 Chemistry Plus

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2.1 Chemistry Plus

304 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES SURVEY TABLE wK coe? †Kb coe? †Kv_v n‡Z coe? KZUzKz coe? CONCEPT No. MAGNETIC TOPICS [hv co‡e] MAKING DECISION [†h Kvi‡Y co‡e] VVI For This Year DU GU M & D S & T Engr. HSC WRITTEN MCQ CONCEPT-01 cwi‡e‡ki I evqygÐ‡ji Dcv`vb I MVb 50% 75% 75% 50% - 75% ** *** CONCEPT-02 wewfbœ cÖKvi GKK I aªyeKmg~n 75% 90% 90% 75% 50% 90% - ** CONCEPT-03 M¨v‡mi m~Î I Zvi †jLwPÎ 90% 90% 75% 90% 75% 90% *** *** CONCEPT-04 c`v‡_©i wewfbœ Ae¯ v Ges M¨vm m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv 75% 75% 75% 75% 50% 90% *** *** CONCEPT-05 e¨vcb, Abye¨vcb Ges M¨vm ZijxKiY 25% 90% 50% 50% 50% 75% ** *** CONCEPT-06 eRªcv‡Zi mgq evqygÐ‡j msNwUZ wewµqv I gvwU‡Z bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb 25% 50% 50% 50% 25% 50% * ** CONCEPT-07 wk‡íi M¨vmxq eR©¨ I evqy`~lY m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv - 90% 50% 50% 25% 50% * *** CONCEPT-08 MÖxb nvDR M¨vm I I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿq 75% 90% 90% 75% 75% 90% ** *** CONCEPT-09 GwmW e„wó m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ 30% 75% 75% 50% 50% 75% * ** CONCEPT-10 A¤ø-ÿvi‡Ki wewfbœ gZev` m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv 25% 50% 50% 75% 75% 75% ** *** CONCEPT-11 wgVv cvwbi Drm I mvi‡dm IqvUv‡ii weï×Zvi gvb`Ð - 50% 50% - - 50% * *** CONCEPT-12 wkíeR¨© I cvwbi `~lY 50% 50% 50% 75% 50% 50% * *** CONCEPT-13 cvwbi Av‡m©wbK `~lY I KviY 50% 50% 50% 50% - 50% * *** CONCEPT-14 Lv`¨ k„•L‡j fvix avZz hy³ nIqvi KviY I cÖfve 40% 50% 25% 50% - 50% * ** CONCEPT-15 `ªe‡Yi cÖKvi‡f` I `~lK c`v_©mg~n evqy I cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z _vKvi †K․kj - 50% - 50% - 50% * * CONCEPT-16 MvwYwZK mgm¨v, gvbwmK mgvavb 90% 50% - 75% 90% 90% *** *** BASIC TOUCH AT A GLANCE ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kã¸‡”Qi cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM [TOPICS Gi ¸iæZ¡vbymv‡i] kã cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM evqygÐj f~c„ô †_‡K D‡aŸ© wewfbœ M¨vmxq c`v‡_©i wgkÖ‡Yi †h AveiY c„w_ex‡K †eób K‡i Av‡Q Zv n‡jv evqygÐj| evqygÐ‡ji Dcv`vb cÖavb Dcv`vbt bvB‡Uªv‡Rb, Aw·‡Rb, Rjxq ev®ú| †M․Y Dcv`vbt AvM©b, CO2| AwZ mvgvb¨ Dcv`vbt wbqb, wnwjqvg, wg‡_b, wµcUb, H2, N2O BZ¨vw`| N~wY©So c„w_exi AveZ©‡bi mv‡_ GKB w`‡K N~Y©bkxj d¬zBW MwZ‡K N~wY©So e‡j| R‡jv”Q¡vm N~wY©S‡o m„ó cÖej evqyi Zvobvq mgy‡`ªi Rjivwk DËvj n‡q dz‡j D‡V Ges DcK~j ev mvgyw`ªK Øx‡c AvNvZ Av‡b| 4-5 †_‡K 10- 12 dzU DuPz Rjivwk S‡oi †Zv‡o DcK~jxq AÂj I ØxcvÂj‡K cøvweZ K‡i hv R‡jv”Q¡vm bv‡g cwiwPZ| e¨vcb ‡Kvb wbw`©ó ¯ v‡b †Kvb KwVb, Zij ev M¨vmxq c`v‡_©i ¯^Ztù~Z© I mgfv‡e cwie¨vß nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K e¨vcb e‡j| wbtmiY Pv‡ci cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y †Kvb miæwQ`ª c‡_ †Kvb M¨vm ev ev‡®úi m‡Rv‡i †ei n‡q Avmv‡K wbtmiY ev Abye¨vcb e‡j| e‡q‡ji m~Î M¨v‡mi AvqZ‡bi Dci Pv‡ci cÖfve cÖKvk K‡i| Pvj©‡mi m~Î M¨v‡mi AvqZ‡bi Dci ZvcgvÎvi cÖfve cÖKvk K‡i| A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi m~Î M¨v‡mi AYyi msL¨v I †gvjvi AvqZb m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ Rvbv hvq| Wvë‡bi AvswkK Pvc m~Î M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †gvU Pvc I Dcv`vb M¨v‡mi AvswkK Pv‡ci m¤úK© cÖKvk K‡i| MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î M¨v‡mi e¨vcb nvi m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Av`k© M¨vm †h mKj M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c M¨vm m~Îmg~n mwVKfv‡e †g‡b P‡j Zv‡ì‡K Av`k© M¨vm e‡j| ev¯Íe M¨vm †h mKj M¨vmmg~n Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvPiY †_‡K wePz¨wZ cÖ`k©b K‡i Zv‡ì‡K ev¯Íe M¨vm e‡j| cvwU©Kz‡jU KYv GB KYv ¸‡jv cvwU©Kz‡jU c`v_© wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| G¸‡jv KwVb ev Zij c`v‡_©i ÿz`ª ev m~² KYv hv M¨v‡m fvmgvb Ae¯ vq _v‡K| MÖxbnvDR M¨vm CO2, CFC, CH4, N2O BZ¨vw` MÖxb nvDR cÖfve m„wó K‡i ZvB G‡ì‡K MÖxb nvDR M¨vm e‡j| CFC ïaygvÎ †K¬vwib, ‡d¬vwib I Kve©b msewjZ wg‡_b I B‡_‡bi DØvqx RvZKmg~n‡K CFC/ †K¬v‡iv‡d¬v‡ivKve©b e‡j| Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` A¤ø Rjxq `ªe‡Y H + Avqb cÖ`vb K‡i| ÿvi Rjxq `ªe‡Y nvBWªw·j (OH– ) Avqb cÖ`vb K‡i| 2q cÎ Aa¨vq-01 cwi‡ek imvqb ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 305 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES eªb‡÷W-jvDix gZev` A¤ø n‡”Q †m mKj c`v_© hviv ‡cÖvUb cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges ÿvi n‡”Q †m mKj c`v_© hviv †cÖvUb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| AbyeÜx †Rvo A¤ø-ÿvi †cÖvUb `vb Ges MÖn‡Yi d‡j D™¢~Z A¤øÑÿvi †Rvo‡K AbyeÜx †Rvo e‡j| kw³kvjx A¤ø Ges `ye©j ÿvi GKwU AbyeÜx †Rvo MVb K‡i| jyBm gZev` GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg c`v_© gvÎB A¤ø Ges GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb cÖ`v‡b mÿg c`v_© gvÎB ÿvi| cvwbi LiZv †h cvwb‡Z mvevb mn‡R †dbv Drcbœ K‡i bv wKš‧ AwaK Nl‡j †dbv Drcbœ nq Zv‡K Li cvwb e‡j| ¯ vqx LiZv cvwb‡Z Ca2+, Mg2+ cÖf…wZi †K¬vivBW, mvj‡dU jeY `ªexf~Z _vK‡j cvwbi ¯ vqx LiZv nq| A¯ vqx LiZv cvwb‡Z Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+ cÖf…wZi evBKve©‡bU jeY `ªexf~Z _vK‡j cvwbi A¯ vqx LiZv nq BOD GKwU wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq Ges wbw`©ó mg‡q †Kvb Rjvk‡q we`¨gvb G‡ivweK AYyRxe KZ…©K H Rjvk‡qi •Re c`v_©mg~n‡K fvO‡Z †h cwigvY `ªexf~Z Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv‡K BOD e‡j| COD †Kvb cvwbi bgybvq we`¨gvb •Re I A‣Re c`v_©‡K Zxeª RviK K2Cr2O7 c`v_© Øviv RvwiZ Ki‡Z †h cwigvY Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡K COD e‡j| DO cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Aw·‡RbB DO| cvwb‡Z RjR Dw™¢`, cvwb ev AYyRx‡ei †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ `ªexf~Z Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY 4-6ppm Gi Kg n‡j G‡`i †eu‡P _vKv LyeB KwVb n‡q c‡o| TDS cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb mKj A‣Re Ges •Re c`v‡_©i cwigvY‡K TDS wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv nq| G¸‡jv AvYweK, AvqwbK ev †QvU KYvi AvKv‡i mvm‡cbkb Ae¯ vq _vK‡Z cv‡i| LPG ZijxK…Z †c‡Uªvwjqvg M¨vm| mvaviYZ weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb‡K mwÜ ZvcgvÎv ev Zvi wb‡Pi ZvcgvÎvq G‡b D”P Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv nq| G Zij M¨vm‡K w÷‡ji wmwjÛv‡i fwZ© Kiv nq| CNG Compressed Natural Gas hv cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡mi mswÿß iƒc| fvix avZz Lv`¨ Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ fvix avZz we‡kl K‡i As, Cr, Pb, Cd hy³ nIqvi' d‡j gvivZ¥K weiƒc cÖfve cwijwÿZ nq| CONCEPT 01 cwi‡e‡ki I evqygÐ‡ji Dcv`vb I MVb Item-01: cwi‡e‡ki Dcv`vb m¤úwK©Z Z_¨- Dcv`vb weKí bvg Bs‡iRx cÖwZkã Ab¨vb¨ Z_¨ evqygÐj evqy/evZvm/ev®ú gÐj Atmosphere mg¯Í M¨vmxq AÂj evwigÐj cvwb gÐj Hydrosphere mg¯Í Rjivwk wkjvgÐj g„wËKv gÐj Lithosphere wkjv Øviv MwVZ ewniveiY RxegÐj cÖvY gÐj Biosphere Dw™¢` I RxeRMZ [Ref: myfvl, gCR, wjsKb, ¸n m¨vi] Item- 02: evqygÐ‡ji Dcv`vbevqygÐ‡ji cÖavb Dcv`vbmg~n evqygÐ‡ji ‡M․Y Dcv`vbmg~n M¨vmmg~n kZKiv AvqZb (%) AvM©b 0.934 bvB‡Uªv‡Rb (N2) 78.09 Kve©b WvB-A·vBW 0.033 [0.036 Ref: gwbgyj] Aw·‡Rb (O2) 20.946 wbw¯…q M¨v‡mi g‡a¨- Rjxq ev®ú (H evZv‡m AvM©‡bi (0.93%) cwigvY me‡P‡q †ewk 2O) 1 4 Item-03: evqygÐ‡ji wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii MVb : evqygÐ‡ji ¯Íi M¨v‡mi mshyw³i wfwË‡Z Pvc I ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b Abymv‡i mggÐj welggÐj Uª‡cvwùqvi (cÖvK…wZK So, e„wó, AvenvIqv I Rjevqy wbqš¿K nIqvq G‡K ÿzä gÐjI ejv nq|) ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi (G AÂ‡j So e„wó bv nIqvq G‡K kvšÍ gÐjI ejv nq) †g‡mvwùqvi _v‡g©vwùqvi Avq‡bvwùqvi G‡·vwùqvi I †P․¤^Kwùqvi wb‡Pi Ask Dc‡ii Ask

306 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item-04: evqygÐ‡ji PviwU AÂ‡ji cwimi, Pvc I ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b : evqygÐ‡ji AÂj cwimi (km) PvcgvÎv mm (Hg) ZvcgvÎv j¨vcm-†iU ev EaŸ© w`‡K ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b Dcw¯ Z Dcv`vb •ewkó¨ 1. Uª‡cvwùqvi 0 – 15 760 – 100 µ‡g n«vm †c‡q –55C at 12 km Positive (+) N2, O2, CO2, Ar, H2O AvenvIqv I Rjevqy wbqš¿Y wegvb PjvPj ÿzä gÐj 2. ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi 15 – 50 Pvc Kg‡Z _v‡K| µ‡g e„w× †c‡q + 2C at 50 km Negative (–) O3 †ewkifvM I‡Rvb¯Íi _v‡K †RU wegvb PjvPj kvšÍ gÐj 3. †g‡mvwùqvi 50 – 85 Pvc Kg‡Z _v‡K| µ‡g n«vm †c‡q – 93C at 83 km Positive (+) O2 , NO+ uv-iwk¥ †kvwlZ nq cvigvYweK Aw·‡Rb weivR K‡i| I‡Rvb¯Íi Abycw¯ Z [e.‡ev. 2016] evqygÐj kxZjZg Ae¯ vq †cu․Qvq Dév aŸsm nq Ges abvZ¥K j¨vcm-‡iU N‡U| 4. _v‡g©vwùqvi ev, Avq‡bvwùqvi 85 – 500 Pvc Kg‡Z _v‡K| µ‡g e„w× †c‡q + 427C †_‡K 1727C nq Negative (–) N2 + , O2 + , O+ , NO+ , H+ , He+ H2 I He M¨v‡mi cwigvY †ewk AvšÍR©vwZK gnvKvk M‡elYv †K›`ª Aew¯ Z| we‡kl wKQz Z_¨ (i) Uª‡cvwùqvi I ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqv‡ii gaëZ©x evqyi cvZjv ¯Íi‡K Uª‡cvcR ev Uª‡cvweiwZ e‡j| (ii) ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi I †g‡mvwùqv‡ii gaëZ©x evqyi cvZjv ¯Íi‡K ÷ª¨v‡UvcR ev ÷ª¨v‡UvweiwZ e‡j| (iii) †g‡mvwùqvi I _v‡g©vwùqv‡ii gaëZ©x evqyi cvZjv ¯Íi‡K †g‡mvcR ev †g‡mvweiwZ e‡j| (iv) Uª‡cvgÛ‡j cÖwZ 1000 wgUvi D”PZvq ZvcgvÎv 6/7C nv‡i e„w× cvq| Item -05: evqygÐ‡ji mshyw³MZ ZviZg¨ : mshyw³MZfv‡e evqygÐj‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †nv‡gvwùqvi †nUv‡ivwùqvi (i) f~-c„ô †_‡K 85 km ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z| (i) 85 km Gi Dc‡i Aew¯ Z| (ii) M¨vmxq mshyw³ mgmË¡xqfv‡e w¯ i _v‡K : 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% Ar mn Ab¨vb¨ M¨vm| (ii) M¨vm AYy I Avq‡bi AmgmË¡ wgkÖY Øviv MwVZ| (iii) AšÍf~©³ ¯Íi : Uª‡cvwùqvi, ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi I †g‡mvwùqvi| (iii) AšÍf~©³ ¯Íi : Avq‡bvwùqvi, G‡·vwùqvi| (iv) Zvcxq cwieZ©b N‡U| (iv) Zvcxq cwieZ©b N‡U bv| †nUv‡ivwùqv‡ii g~L¨ Dcv`vb: He said NOHe He H2 said N N2 O O2 O3 Item -06: N~wY©So I R‡jv”Q¡vm : N~wY©So: N~wY©So‡K mvaviYZ UªwcK¨vj mvB‡K¬vb ejv nq| wbiÿxq †iLvi DËi w`‡K 5 †_‡K 20 Aÿvs‡ki g‡a¨ µvšÍxq N~wY©So msNwUZ nq| GLv‡b UªwcK¨vj A_© µvwšÍ| A_v©r N~wY©So cÖavbZ µvwšÍ AÂ‡j m„wó nq| GKwU cÖej N~wY©S‡oi MwZ‡eM NÈvq 160 wK.wg. Ges e¨vm 16000 wK.wg. ch©šÍ nq| evqyi MwZ hZ †ewk n‡e N~Y©ve‡Z©i cwigvY ZZ †ewk n‡e| mvaviYZ mvM‡ii cvwbi ZvcgvÎv 27C ev 80F Gi †ewk n‡j N~wY©So m„wó nq| evqyi Pvc 760mm Hg †_‡K †ewk K‡qK mm Hg K‡g †M‡j Soe„wói m¤¢vebv †`Lv †`q| evqygÐ‡j Rjxq ev‡®úi e„w× n‡j Ges GKB m‡½ NbZ¡ K‡g †M‡j Zv Soe„wói KviY nq| R‡jv”Q¡vm: N~wY©S‡o m„ó cÖej evqyi Zvobvq mgy‡`ªi Rjivwk 4–5 †_‡K 10–12 dzU DuPz S‡oi ‡Zv‡o DcK~jxq AÂj I ØxcvÂj‡K cøvweZ K‡i| GiB bvg mvgyw`ªK R‡jv”Q¡vm| AvenvIqv I Rjevqyi wbqvgK: Zzlv‡ii S‡o †gN Kzqvkv cÖevwnZ nqZzlv‡ii Zzlvi cvZ S‡o So I R‡jv”Q¡vm †gN †gN I e„wócvZ Kzqvkv Kzqvkv evqy cÖevwnZ nq evqy cÖevn, evqy Av`ª©Zv N~wY©So I mgy‡`ª R‡jv”Q¡vm m„wó‡Z wewfbœ wbqvg‡Ki cÖfve: evZv‡mi Pvcev evqyi NbZ¡ Zv ZvcgvÎv †mi mvgyw`ªK Rjxq ev‡®úi Ae¯ v Pvc Pvc

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 307 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt ‡Kv_vq evqyi NbZ¡ me©v‡cÿv †ewk? Dt f~-c„‡ô cÖkœt f~-c„ô n‡Z cÖvq KZ D”PZv ch©šÍ evqygÐj we¯Í…Z? Dt 500km cÖkœt ‡KvbwU wgkª c`v_©? Dt evqy cÖkœt evqyi Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ †KvbwUi cwigvY me‡P‡q †ewk? Dt bvB‡Uªv‡Rb cÖkœt evqyi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e cvIqv hvq †KvbwU? Dt wbw®…q M¨vm cÖkœt N~wY©So m„wó n‡Z n‡j cvwbi ZvcgvÎv KZ Gi Dc‡i _vK‡Z nq? Dt 27C cÖkœt mvB‡K¬vb m„wó nq †Kv_vq? Dt Mfxi mgy‡`ª cÖkœt cvigvYweK Aw·‡Rb weivR K‡i evqygÐ‡ji †Kvb ¯Í‡i? Dt †g‡mvgÐ‡j cÖkœ-1 : N~wY©So wKfv‡e m„wó nq? DËi : mvM‡ii cvwbi ZvcgvÎv 27C Gi Dc‡i †M‡j cvwbi ev®úxfe‡bi nvi `ªæZ †e‡o hvq| Dò evqy AwaK cwigvY Rjxq ev®ú aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Rjxq ev®úc~Y© evqy ï®‥ evqy A‡cÿv h‡_ó nvjKv nq Ges Dc‡ii w`‡K D‡V wM‡q mvM‡ii ey‡K evqyk~b¨Zvi m„wó K‡i| d‡j evqyi Pvc K‡g hvq| D”P Pvc †_‡K evqy wb¤œPv‡ci w`‡K `ªæZ cÖevwnZ nq| evqyi G weiƒc cÖfv‡ei Kvi‡Y evqygÐj †Zvjcvo K‡i S‡ov nvIqv eB‡Z _v‡K| REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION JU 01. m~‡h©i Av‡jvi D”Pkw³i wewKiY evqygÛ‡ji †Kvb ¯Í‡i †kvwlZ nq? [JU-D. 2019-20] A. Uªv‡cvwùqvi B. _v‡g©vwùqvi C. ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi D. G‡·vwùqvi mwVK DËi: C. ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi 02. evqygÛ‡ji †Kvb ¯Í‡ii ZvcgvÎv me‡P‡q Kg? [JU-D, Set-A. 2019-20] A. Avq‡bvwùqvi B. _v‡g©vwùqvi C. ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi D. †g‡mvwùqvi mwVK DËi: D. †g‡mvwùqvi e¨vL¨v: me‡P‡q †ewk ZvcgvÎv _v‡g©vwùqv‡i (+427 †_‡K 1727C) Ges me‡P‡q Kg ZvcgvÎv †g‡mvwùqv‡i (0 †_‡K –93C)| 03. Dcv`vbwfwËK evqygÛ‡ji bx‡Pi †Kvb fvMwU mwVK? [JU-D, Set-Q. 2019-20] A. †nUv‡ivwùqvi B. G‡·vwùqvi C. _v‡g©vwùqvi D. Avq‡bvwùqvi mwVK DËi: C. _v‡g©vwùqvi 04. mvB‡K¬vb m„wó nq †Kv_vq? [JU-A9. 2017-18] A. AMfxi mgy‡`ª B. Mfxi mgy‡`ª C. cøveb f~wg‡Z D. cvnv‡o mwVK DËi: B. Mfxi mgy‡`ª e¨vL¨v: Mfxi mgy`ª GjvKvq ZvcgvÎv A‡cÿvK…Z †ewk _v‡K e‡j Mfxi mgy‡`ª N~wY©So ev mvB‡K¬vb m„wó nq| 05. hLb m~h© I c„w_exi g‡a¨ GKB mij‡iLvq P›`ª Ae¯ vb K‡i, ZLb Kx nq? [JU-A3.2017-18] A. m~h©MÖnY B. P›`ªMÖnY C. c~wY©gv D. Agvem¨v mwVK DËi: A. m~h©MÖnY e¨vL¨v: m~h© MÖnY Agvem¨v wZw_‡Z nq| m~h© MÖn‡Y c„w_ex P›`ª I m~h© cÖvq GKB mij †iLvq Ae¯ vb K‡i| G mgq m~h© I c„w_exi gv‡S Pvu` Ae¯ vb K‡i d‡j Pvu‡ì Qvqv c„w_ex‡Z c‡o| 06. N~wY©So m„wói Rb¨ cvwbi ZvcgvÎv KZ °C Gi Dci _vK‡Z nq? [JU-A. 2016-17, iv.‡ev. 2015] A. 25°C B. 27°C C. 40°C D. 30°C mwVK DËi: B. 27°C e¨vL¨v: N~wY©So m„wó Ki‡Z mvM‡ii cvwbi ZvcgvÎv 27C Gi Dc‡i _vK‡Z nq| RU 01. cvigvYweK Aw·‡Rb weivR K‡i evqygÐ‡ji †Kvb ¯Í‡i? [RU-F3.2017-18] A. ÷ª¨v‡UvgÐj B. ‡g‡mvgÐj C. ZvcgÐj D. Uª‡cvgÐj mwVK DËi: B. ‡g‡mvgÐj e¨vL¨v: evqygÐ‡ji ‡g‡mvgÐj ¯Í‡i cvigvYweK Aw·‡Rb weivR K‡i| 02. ÷ªv‡Uvwùqv‡ii we¯Ívi KZ wK‡jvwgUvi? [RU-F3.2017-18] A. 1-15 km B. 15-40 km C. 15-50 km D. 35-85 km mwVK DËi: C. 15-50 km CU 01. N2 M¨v‡mi e‡qj ZvcgvÎv KZ? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. 700K B. 973K C. 427°C D. -700°C E. 973°C mwVK DËi: B. 973K e¨vL¨v: N2 M¨v‡mi e‡qj ZvcgvÎv 700 ev 973K [Ref. nvRvix] N2 M¨v‡mi e‡qj ZvcgvÎv 50 ev 323K [Ref. wjsKb] IU 01. D”PZv e„w×i mv‡_ ZvcgvÎv I NbZ¡ Kg‡Z _v‡K- [IU-A.2017-18, P.‡ev. 15] A. Uª‡cvgÛ‡j B. ÷ªv‡UvgÛ‡j C. ‡g‡mvgÛ‡j D. ZvcgÛ‡j mwVK DËi: A. Uª‡cvgÛ‡j e¨vL¨v: Uª‡cvgÛ‡j f~c„ô †_‡K hZ Dc‡i DVv hvq evqyi NbZ¡ Ges ZvcgvÎv `y‡UvB Kg‡Z _v‡K| 02. evqygÐ‡ji me‡P‡q wb‡Pi ¯Íi‡K ejv nq- [IU. 2014-15] A. ÷ª¨v‡UvgÐj B. †g‡mvgÐj C. Uª‡cvgÐj D. ZvcgÐj mwVK DËi: C. Uª‡cvgÐj e¨vL¨v: evqygÐ‡ji wb‡Pi w`K †_‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K ¯Íi¸‡jv h_vµ‡g Uª‡cvwùqvi| ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi, †g‡mvwùqvi I _v‡g©vwùqvi| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. evqygÛ‡j N2 Gi AvswkK Pvc KZ? [JUST-B: 2019-20] A. 1 atm B. 0.78 atm C. 0.21 atm D. 0.14 atm mwVK DËi: B. 0.78 atm e¨vL¨v: PN2 = XN2 PT = 78 100 1 [evqygÐ‡j 78% N2 we`¨gvb] = 0.78 atm 02. cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡m †h cwigvY wnwjqvg _v‡KÑ [JUST. 2011-12] A. 1.5-2.5% B. 2.7% C. 3.5-4.5% D. 0.5-1.5% mwVK DËi: D. 0.5-1.5% MBSTU 01. evqygÐ‡j †g‡mvwùqv‡ii cwimi? [MBSTU-H.2016-17] A. 15-50 km B. 50-85 km C. 85-500 km D. 500-1000 km mwVK DËi: B. 50-85 km 02. mvB‡K¬vb •Zwi n‡Z mvM‡ii cvwbi ZvcgvÎv KZ n‡Z n‡e? [MBSTU-H.2016-17] A. 70 F B. 72F C. 80F D. > 80F mwVK DËi: D. > 80F BSMRSTU 01. N~wY©S‡oi DrcwËi mv‡_ evqyi †Kvb Ae¯ vwU hy³Ñ [BSMRSTU-H. 2019-20] A. D”PPvc B. wb¤œPvc C. w¯ iPvc D. w¯ i mylg ZvcgvÎv mwVK DËi: B. wb¤œPvc e¨vL¨v: N~wY©S‡oi DrcwËi Rb¨ wb¤œPvc I D”PZvcgvÎv ìKvi|

308 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES cm 1333.22 1333.22 Pa atm 101325 101325 Pa atm 76 76 cm(Hg) atm 760 760 mm(Hg) 02. evqy‡Z AvqZb wn‡m‡e Rjxq ev‡®úi cwigvY KZ? [BSMRSTU-B.2017-18] A. 1 - 5% B. 0.01 – 5% C. 0.1- 0.5% D. 0.1 – 3% mwVK DËi: A. 1 – 5% e¨vL¨v: evqygÐ‡j AvqZb wn‡m‡e N2 (78.09%), O2 (20.95%), Rjxq ev®ú (1-4%), CO2 (0.033%) BZ¨vw` _v‡K| 03. evqy gÛ‡ji †Kvb AÂ‡j I‡Rvb ¯Íi Aew¯ Z? [BSMRSTU-B.17-18, CU- 17-18, JUST. 2011-12, e.‡ev. 16] A. Troposphere B. Thermosphere C. Mesosphere D. Stratosphere mwVK DËi: D. Stratosphere e¨vL¨v: evqygÐ‡ji ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi ¯Í‡i O2 †_‡K O3 M¨vm •Zix nq| PUST 01. evqygÛ‡j me‡P‡q †ewk cwigv‡Y cvIqv hvq- [PUST. 2015-16] A. wnwjqvg B. †iWb C. wbqb D. AvM©b mwVK DËi: D. AvM©b STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. †Kvb M¨vmwU evZv‡m me‡P‡q †ewk cwigv‡Y _v‡K? [MAT. 2019-20] A. Hydrogen B. Nitrogen C. Carbon dioxide D. Oxygen mwVK DËi: B. Nitrogen e¨vL¨v: evZv‡m kZKiv cwigvYM¨vm kZKiv cwigvY M¨vm kZKiv cwigvY N2 78.09% O2 20.94% CO2 0.033% Ar 0.93% Ab¨vb¨ 0.37% DAT 01. evqygÐ‡ji †Kvb ¯Í‡i N~wY©S‡oi DrcwË nq? [DAT. 2019-20] A. Av‡qv‡bvwùqvi B. Uª‡cvwùqvi C. †g‡mvwùqvi D. ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi mwVK DËi: B. Uª‡cvwùqvi e¨vL¨v: Uª‡cvwùqv‡i So, SÂv cÖf…wZ cÖvK…wZK wech©q N‡U _v‡K| cÖvq me ai‡bi wegvb G AÂ‡jB PjvPj K‡i| ZvB G‡K ÿzä gÐj ejv nq| Aciw`‡K ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi‡K kvšÍ gÐj ejv nq| G AÂj w`‡qB †RU wegvb PjvPj K‡i| 02. evqygÐ‡ji ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi ¯Í‡ii g~j Dcv`vb †KvbwU? [DAT. 2019-20] A. Aw·‡Rb B. wbqb C. Kve©b WvBA·vBW D. I‡Rvb mwVK DËi: D. I‡Rvb e¨vL¨v: ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqvi ¯Í‡i mvgvb¨ bvB‡Uªv‡Rb I Aw·‡Rb Dcw¯ Z _vK‡jI g~j Dcv`vb I‡Rvb, hv m~h©iwk¥ †_‡K AvMZ iwk¥‡K †kvlY K‡i _v‡K| evqygÐ‡j we`¨gvb †gvU I‡Rvb M¨v‡mi kZKiv 90 fvM G AÂ‡j Aew¯ Z| 03. wbw®…q M¨v‡mi ci me‡P‡q wbw®…q †g․j †KvbwU? [DAT. 2017-18] A. Aw·‡Rb B. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb C. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb D. Kve©b mwVK DËi: C. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb e¨vL¨v: N2 cigvYyi B‡jKUªbxq KvVv‡gv (1s2 2s2 2Px 1 2Py 1 2Pz 1 ) cÖwZmg nIqvq AZ¨šÍ w¯ wZkxj| ZvB `ywU bvB‡Uªv‡Rb cigvYyi w¯ wZkxj AhyMj B‡jKUªb †kqvi Øviv MwVZ bvB‡Uªv‡Rb- bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wÎ-eÜb AZ¨šÍ w¯ wZkxj I `„p| N2 h‡_ó Zwor FYvZ¥K †g․j nIqv m‡Ë¡I GwU Lye wbw®…q| e¯‧Z wbw®…q M¨v‡mi ci me‡P‡q wbw®…q †g․jB n‡jv bvB‡Uªv‡Rb| CONCEPT 02 wewfbœ cÖKvi GKK I aªyeKmg~n Item-01: STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) : Pvc (P) ZvcgvÎv (T) AvqZb (V) 1 atm =76 cm(Hg)=760 mm(Hg) =1.01325105 Pa 0 0 C ev 273 K 22.4 dm3 SATP (Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure) : Pvc (P) ZvcgvÎv (T) AvqZb (V) 100 kPa 250 C ev 298 K 24.789 dm3 [Xv.‡ev. 2016] NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure) : Pvc (P) ZvcgvÎv (T) AvqZb (V) 1 atm 20 C / 293 K 24.04 dm3 Item-02t GK‡Ki wewfbœ gv‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úK© ev iƒcvšÍi : Pv‡ci GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤úK© AvqZ‡bi GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤úK© f‡ii GK‡Ki g‡a¨ m¤úK© atm, cm (Hg), Pa ev Nm–2 , kPa m 3 , cm3 , cc, mL, L, dm3 BZ¨vw` OZ, g, Carat, lb, kg, ton 1atm = 76cm (Hg) = 760mm(Hg) = 760 torr = 101.325103 Pa = 101.325 103 Nm–2 = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar = 1.01325 105 Pa = 1.01325 105 Nm–2 1m3 = 1000dm3 = 1000L = 106 cm3 = 106 cc = 106mL 1L= 1dm3 = 1000cm3 = 1000cc = 1000mL = 0.26339 Gallon 1 Gallon = 3.79L 1g = 0.03352 OZ 1OZ = 28.35g 1000g = 1 kg 1000kg = 1 Ton 1 Ton= 2204.51Lbs 1Lbs = 0.4536kg 1kg = 2.2046Lbs 1g = Carat 1carat = 0.2g [NB: OZ means Ounce.] Pvc I AvqZ‡bi GK‡Ki cvi¯úwiK iƒcvšÍi †iLv wPÎt Pv‡ci cwieZ©‡bi †ÿ‡Ît AvqZ‡bi †ÿ‡Ît ‡hgbt 9ml = 910–3 L = 910–6m 3 m 3 103 10–3 dm3 ev L 103 10–3 cm3 ev ml 106 10–6

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 309 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item -04t cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎv I cig ZvcgvÎv †¯‥j : cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎvt †Kjwfb ev cig ZvcgvÎv †¯‥‡ji me©wb¤œ †h ZvcgvÎvi wb‡P M¨v‡mi AvqZb FYvZ¥K n‡Z ïiæ K‡i Zv‡K cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎv e‡j| cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎv M¨v‡mi cÖK…wZ I Pv‡ci Dci wbf©i K‡i bv| G ZvcgvÎv‡K absolute zero temperature ejv nq| Gi gvb –273C ev 0 K ev – 459F ev, –218 Re ev 0 Rn| (Re gv‡b †ivgvi †¯‥j Gi ZvcgvÎv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, Rn Øviv Rankine scale Gi ZvcgvÎv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi ¯ vbvšÍi MwZ k~b¨ nq Ges ZvwË¡Kfv‡e M¨v‡mi †Kv‡bv AvqZb _v‡K bv| cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎvq K¤úb MwZi Rb¨ c`v‡_©i †h kw³ Aewkó _v‡K, Zv‡K k~b¨ we›`y kw³ (zero point energy) ejv nq| cig ZvcgvÎv †¯‥jt jW© †Kjwfb KZ…©K D™¢vweZ †¯‥j‡K cig ZvcgvÎv †¯‥j ev †Kjwfb †¯‥j ejv nq| cig ZvcgvÎv †¯‥j‡K T ev K Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq †mjwmqvm I †Kjwfb †¯‥‡ji m¤úK©t tC = (273 + t) K Ges T K = (T –273)C cixÿvg~jK c×wZ‡Z 260C Gi wb‡P †Kv‡bv ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi AvqZb cwigvc Kiv hvq bv| ? mZK©Zv: STP I NTP Avgv‡`i cvV¨ eB‡Z GKB n‡jI g~jK AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e NTP-‡Z T = 20C ev 293K, P = 1 atm, V = 22.04L| msKU aªæeKt msKU aªæeK wZbwU| h_v- i) msKU ZvcgvÎv ii) msKU Pvc iii) msKU AvqZb| i) msKU ZvcgvÎv/µvwšÍ ZvcgvÎv/mwÜZvcgvÎv: †h ZvcgvÎvq ev Zvi wb‡P †Kvb M¨vm‡K ïay Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv hvq Zv‡K msKU ZvcgvÎv e‡j| ii) msKU Pvct msKU ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb M¨vm‡K †h Pvc cÖ‡qv‡M Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv hvq Zv‡K msKU Pvc e‡j| iii) msKU AvqZbt 1 mole cwigvY †Kvb M¨vm msKU ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c †h AvqZb `Lj K‡i Zv‡K msKU AvqZb e‡j| Chart-01: msKU aªæe‡Ki wewfbœ gvb : M¨vm µvwšÍ ZvcgvÎv µvwšÍ Pvc (atm) µvwšÍ AvqZb (mLmol-1 ) *H2 – 240°C 12.8 64.51 O2 118.8°C 49.7 74.42 *CO2 31.1°C 72.9 95.65 N2 – 147°C 33.5 90.1 *He 268C 2.26 57.6 Chart-02: wewfbœ GK‡K R Gi gvb : GK‡Ki bvg GK‡Ki gvb GKK †R‡b ivLv fvj GQvovI KwZcq GK‡K R Gi gvb R Gi gvb 1| wjUvi-evqyPvc 0.0821 L. atm. K–1mol–1 bar GK‡K 8.314 10-2 L bar K–1mol–1 2| Gm. AvB 8.314 JK–1mol–1 Nm GK‡K 8.314 Nm K–1mol–1 3| wm.wR.Gm 8.314107 erg.K–1mol–1 torr GK‡K 62.364 L. torr K–1mol–1 4| K¨vjwi 1.987 Cal K–1mol–1 BwÄwbqvwis GK‡K 2783.63 ft.Ib mol11 Chart-03: K (‡evëR&g¨vb aªæeK) Gi gvb : GK‡Ki bvg GK‡Ki gvb GKK mZK© evZ©v wjUvi- evqyPvc 1.3610–25 L.atm.K–1molecule–1 ‡evëR&g¨vb aªæe‡Ki GKK molecule–1 n‡e wKš‧ mol–1 n‡e bv| Gm. AvB 1.3810–23 JK–1molecule –1 wm.wR.Gm 1.3810-16 erg.K–1 molecule –1 K¨vjwi 3.2910-24 Cal K–1molecule –1 Drµg ZvcgvÎvt cÖwZwU M¨v‡mi Rb¨ GKwU wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎv Av‡Q hvi wb‡P Ryj _gmb cÖfve cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq| M¨v‡mi G ZvcgvÎv‡K Drµg ZvcgvÎv e‡j| H2 = - 80°C ,He = - 240°C fzjv hv‡e bv- He Gi mwÜ ZvcgvÎv 268C wKš‧ Drµg ZvcgvÎv 240C| D‡jøL¨, mKj M¨v‡miB wbw`©ó Drµg ZvcgvÎv Av‡Q| wngwgkª‡Yi ZvcgvÎvt eid + NaCl = –20C, eid + CaCl2 = –54C, KwVb CO2 + B_vi = –110C A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv msL¨vt e¯‧i GK †gvj G hZ msL¨K AYy, cigvYy ev Avqb _v‡K ‡mB msL¨v †K A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi msL¨v e‡j| G‡K NA Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| NA Gi gvb 6.023 1023 | ‡gvjt MÖv‡g cÖKvwkZ fiB AvYweK fi| G‡K n Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| m¤úK©t N, NA, n Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK©, N = n NA [GLv‡b N = †gvU KYv / cigvYy / AYy / Avqb msL¨v] cÖgvY ZvcgvÎv 0C/273 K Kÿ ZvcgvÎv 25C/298 K/153.6.4F cigk~b¨ ZvcgvÎv ok ev 273.15C ev ORn ev 218.Re ev 459F

310 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. †evëR&g¨vb aªe‡Ki GKK n‡jv- [DU. 2012-2013, CU.2002-03] A. J/molecule B. J.s C. J/K D. g/cc mwVK DËi: C. J/K e¨vL¨v: ‡evëR&g¨vb aªe‡Ki Ryj ev S.I. GK‡Ki mgxKiY1 1 1 1 A JK mol JK mol N R K Z‡e, Gi mwZ¨Kv‡ii GKK JK-1 molecule-1 02. 101.3 kPa evwn¨K Pv‡c cvwbi ùzUbvsK KZ? [DU.2011-2012] A. 120.8˚C B. 90.5˚C C. 100.0˚C D. 18.0˚C mwVK DËi: C. 100.0˚C e¨vL¨v: ¯^vfvweK Ae¯ vq cvwbi Mjbv¼ 0C Ges cvwbi ùzUbv¼ 100C hv Kÿ ZvcgvÎvi †P‡q †ewk Ges Mjbv¼ (0C) KÿZvcgvÎv A‡cÿv Kg nIqvq cvwb Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq Zij c`v_©| 03. wb‡Pi †Kvb Ae¯ v‡K STP ejv nq? [DU.1995-1996] A. 273 k, 76 torr B. 0°C, 276 cm (Hg) C. -273 k, 1 atm D. 0°C, 76 cm (Hg) mwVK DËi: D. 0°C, 76 cm (Hg) JnU 01. K¨vjwi †¯‥‡j †gvjvi M¨vm aªæeK R Gi gvb KZ? [JnU.2009-2010; BRU-D1.2017-18] A. 0.082 Cal mol-1 K -1 B. 8.316 Cal mol-1 K -1 C. 1.987 Cal mol-1 K -1 D. 19.87 Cal mol-1 K -1 mwVK DËi: C. 1.987 Cal mol-1 K -1 JU 01. SI GK‡K †evëRg¨vb aªæe‡Ki gvb KZ? [JU-D3.2017-18, P.‡ev. 15, wm.‡ev. 16] A. 8.314 B. 1.38010-23 C.6.02310-23 D. 1.36010-25 mwVK DËi: B. 1.38010-23 02. †Kvb ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi AvqZb gvcv hv‡e bv? [JU. 2011-2012] A.0K B. 273 K C. 273F D. 273C mwVK DËi: A.0 K e¨vL¨v: 0K ev –273C ev –459.4 F ev –218R ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi AvqZb gvcv hv‡e bv ev M¨v‡mi AvqZb _vK‡e bv| RU 03. M¨v‡mi Rb¨ Av`k© ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡ci kZ©vejx †KvbwU? [RU. 2018-19] A. 0˚C Ges 1 torr B. 0˚K Ges 760 torr C. –273˚C Ges 1 atm D. 0˚C Ges 760 torr mwVK DËi: D. 0˚C Ges 760 torr e¨vL¨v: M¨v‡mi Rb¨ Av`k© ZvcgvÎv I Pvc ev STP t Av`k© ZvcgvÎv 0 oC ev 273K I Av`k© Pvc 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 760 mm (Hg) = 760 torr = 1 bar 04. †gvjvi M¨vm aªæe‡Ki SI GKK †KvbwU? [RU-F3.2017-18; RU.2010-11] A. erg K-1 mol-1 B. LatmK-1 mol-1 C. JK-1 mol-1 D. CalK-1 mol-1 mwVK DËi: C. JK-1 mol-1 05. 1 atm (Pvc) mgvb KZ N/m2 ? [RU-H1.2017-18, PUST. 2012-13, Kz.‡ev. 2016] A. 1 B. 1.014x105 C. 1.013548x10-5 D. 1.013548 mwVK DËi: B. 1.014x105 e¨vL¨v: 1atmPvc=760mmHg=1.01325105Nm-2 =1.01325105 Pa 06. H2 M¨v‡mi msKU ZvcgvÎv nj- [RU. 2014-15] A. 130˚C B. –150˚C C. –240˚C D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: C. –240˚C CU 01. 127C DòZvi gvb cig †¯‥‡j KZ? [CU. 2012-2013] A. 400K B. 127K C. 273K D. 146K E. 297K mwVK DËi: A. 400K e¨vL¨v: C(273 )K; 127C=(273+127)K=400K 02. 0C ZvcgvÎv cig †¯‥‡j KZ? [CU. 2007-2008] A. 0C B. 750K C. 273K D. 298K E. 300K mwVK DËi: C. 273K e¨vL¨v: C = (273 + )K; 0C=(273+0)K=273 K 03. KZ ZvcgvÎvq †mvwWqvg †K¬vivBW M‡j? [CU. 2006-07] A. 800C B.500C C. 100C D. 200C E. 150C mwVK DËi: A. 800C e¨vL¨v: NaCl GKwU AvqwbK †h․M| GwU 801C ZvcgvÎvq M‡j| Mjbv¼ I ùzUbvsK m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbvt ‡h ZvcgvÎvq ‡Kvb Zij Zvi cwi‡e‡ki ev®úPv‡ci mv‡_ m¤ú„³ nq Zv‡K H Zi‡ji ùzUbv¼ ejv nq| 1000C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi ev®ú Pvc 1 atm nq Ges GB ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi Af¨šÍ‡i ey`ey` m„wómn cvwbi ev®úxfeb N‡U| ZvB 1000C ZvcgvÎv cvwbi ùzUbv¼| ùzUbvsK evwn¨K Pv‡ci Dci wbf©ikxj| DuPz cvnv‡oi Dci evqygÐ‡ji Pvc 1 atm Gi †P‡q Kg weavq cvwbi ùzUbvsK 1000C Gi †P‡q Kg nq| †cÖmvi KzKv‡i Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc 1 atm PvB‡Z †ewk nq d‡j cvwbi ùzUbvsK e„w× cvq| 04. cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎv ej‡Z eySvq- [CU. 2004-05, BUET. 2001-02, e.‡ev. 2015, iv.‡ev. 2016] A. 723 K B. 273°C C. –273°C D. 0°C mwVK DËi: C. –273°C e¨vL¨v: cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎv: 0 K = –273°C = –218R = –459.4°F 05. cig ZvcgvÎvi m‡½ †mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvi m¤úK© wK? [CU. 2004-05] A. tK=(273+t)°C B. t – 273K = 0°C C. t° C =(273+ t) K D. t° C = (273 –t) K mwVK DËi: C. t°C = (273+t) K e¨vL¨v: °C = (273 + ) K IU 01. SI GK‡K M¨v‡mi Pvc‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq- [IU. 2013-2014] A. wbDUb/wg2 B. wg/†m.2 C. wg/wbDUb2 D. wbDUb mwVK DËi: A. wbDUb/wg2 e¨vL¨v: Gm.AvB GK‡K M¨v‡mi Pv‡ci GKK Nm–2 02. CGS GK‡K †gvjvi M¨vm aªæeK R Gi msL¨vm~PK gvb- [I.U. 2011-12, hv.‡ev. 17, iv.‡ev. 17] A. 0.0821 L. atmK1mol1 B. 8.316107 erg K1 mol1 C. 22.046107 J K 1 mol1 D. 8.613107 dyne cm K1 mwVK DËi: B. 8.316107 erg K1 mol1 STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. ‡gvjvi M¨vm aªæe‡Ki mwVK GKK †KvbwU? [SUST-B,2018-19, BSMRSTU. 2013-14] A. L.atm-1mol-1K -1 B. Jmol.K-1 C. Cal.mol-1K D. erg.mol.K E. L.atm.mol-1K -1 mwVK DËi: E. L.atm.mol-1K -1

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 311 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES JUST 01. CO2 Gi mwÜ ZvcgvÎv KZ? [JUST-C. 2016-17, BSMRSTU. 2013-14] A. 30.1C B. 32.1C C. 31.1C D. 301C E. 331C mwVK DËi: C. 31.1C 02. STP †Z ZvcgvÎv I Pvc KZ? [JUST-C. 2016-17, RU.2009-10, BSMRSTU. 2012-13] A. 0C I1 atm B. 25C I 0.5 atm C. 0C I 0.5 atm D. 25C I 10 atm E. 25C I10 atm mwVK DËi: A. 0C I 1 atm e¨vL¨v: STP Gi c~Y©iƒc-Standard Temperature and pressure. ZvcgvÎvt 0C , Pvct 1atm, V= 22.4L 03. cig k~b¨ ZvcgvÎvi aviYv cvIqv hvqÑ [JUST. 2011-12] A. A¨v‡fv‡M‡Wªv cÖKí †_‡K B. Pvj©m Gi m~Î †_‡K C. †M-jym¨v‡Ki m~Î †_‡K D. B I C DfqB mwVK DËi: B. Pvj©m Gi m~Î †_‡K BSMRSTU 01. ‡gvjvi M¨vm aªæeK Gi gvb wjUvi evqyPvc GK‡K KZ?[BSMRSTU:2018-19] A. 8.316 B. 0.0821 C. 8.316107 D. 0.08211010 mwVK DËi: B. 0.0821 02. M¨vm aªæeK, R cÖ‡hvR¨Ñ [BSMRSTU. 2012-13] A. cÖK…Z M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î B. Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î C. †h †Kvb cÖKvi M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î D. D”P Zv‡c M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î mwVK DËi: B. Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. †Kvb& ZvcgvÎvq GKwU AYyi MwZkw³ ïb¨ n‡e? [BUET. 2013-14,CU. 2012-13, iv.‡ev. 2017] A. 0C B. 273C C. 273C D. 116C E. 298 K mwVK DËi: C. 273C e¨vL¨v: –2730C ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi ZvwË¡Kfv‡e AvqZb _v‡K bv| ‡h‡nZy AvqZbB _v‡K bv †m‡nZz MwZkw³i aviYv AevšÍi| †Kbbv G ZvcgvÎvq †c․Qv‡bvi Av‡MB M¨vm KwVb c`v‡_© cwiYZ nq| †R‡b ivLv fvj- 1960C ZvcgvÎvq bvB‡Uªv‡Rb M¨vm Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| 1860C ZvcgvÎvq AvM©b M¨vm Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| 1830C ZvcgvÎvq Aw·‡Rb M¨vm Zi‡j cwiYZ nq STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. †KvbwU Kÿ ZvcgvÎv? [MAT. 2014-15] A. 298K B. 310K C. 343K D. 288K mwVK DËi: A. 298K e¨vL¨v: 25C ev 298K †K KÿZvcgvÎv e‡j| 02. mve©Rbxb M¨vm aªæeK R- Gi gvb KZ? [MAT: 2005-2006, CU.07-08, wm.‡ev. 2017] A. 8.13 KJ-1 mol-1 B. 8.31 JK-1 mol-1 C. 8.13 JK-1 mol-1 D. 8.31 KJ-1 mol-1 mwVK DËi: B. 8.31 JK-1 mol-1 Board Ques. 01. He Gi Drµg ZvcgvÎv KZ? [Xv.†ev. 2019] A. 240C B. 80C C. –80C D. –240C mwVK DËi: D. –240C CONCEPT 03 M¨v‡mi m~Î I Zvi †jLwPÎ Item-01: GK bR‡i M¨vm m~‡Îi bvbv K_v m~‡Îi bvg Avwe®‥vi m¤úK© m~‡Îi wee„wZ MvwYwZK iƒc e‡q‡ji m~Î ievU© e‡qj (1662, Kwei), (1660, nvRvix) Bsj¨vÛ w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi AvqZb I Pvc w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb M¨vmwUi Dci cÖhy³ Pv‡ci e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK| PV K P 1 V ev, Pvj©‡mi m~Î Pvj©m (1787) d«vÝ w¯ i Pv‡c M¨v‡mi AvqZb I ZvcgvÎv w¯ i Pv‡c wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb Zvi cig ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK| V T ev, V = KT Pv‡ci m~Î ev †M-jymv‡Ki m~Î †M-jymvK (1802) d«vÝ w¯ i AvqZ‡b M¨v‡mi Pvc I ZvcgvÎv w¯ i AvqZ‡b wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb M¨v‡mi Pvc Zvi cig ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK| P T ev, P = KT A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi m~Î A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv (1811, ¸n), (1812, nvRvix) BZvwj wbw`©ó AvqZ‡b M¨v‡mi AYyi msL¨v GKB ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c mgAvqZ‡bi mKj M¨v‡m mgvb msL¨K AYy_v‡K| V n V = Kn Wvë‡bi AvswkKPvc m~Î Rb Wvëb (1802) Bsj¨vÛ wgkÖ‡Yi †gvU Pvc I AvswkK Pvc ‡Kvb wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq ci¯úi wewµqvnxb `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK M¨v‡mi GKwU wgkª‡Yi †gvU Pvc wgkª‡Y Dcw¯ Z Dcv`vb M¨vm mg~‡ni AvswkK Pv‡ci mgwói mgvb| P = P1 + P2 + ... + Pn, P1,P2,P3 = AvswkK Pvc| MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î _gvm MÖvnvg (1829, Kwei), (1846, nvRvix) ¯‥Uj¨vÛ w¯ i ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c M¨v‡mi e¨vc‡bi nvi I NbZ¡| w¯ i ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c †Kvb M¨v‡mi e¨vc‡bi nvi D³ M¨v‡mi Nb‡Z¡i eM©g~‡ji e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK| d 1 r MwZ‡eM weZiY m~Î g¨v·I‡qj (1860) - M¨v‡mi AwZ Aí msL¨K AYyi MwZ‡eM Lye Kg, AwZ Aí msL¨K AYy‡Z MwZ‡eM AZ¨waK Ges †ewki fvM AYyi MwZ‡eM Mo gv‡bi KvQvKvwQ _v‡K| weZiY Kvf© Item -02t wewfbœ m~Î I G‡ì cÖ‡qvMm~‡Îi bvg eënvi 1. Wvë‡bi AvswkK Pvc m~Î wgwkªZ M¨v‡mi Pvc wbY©q| Av`ª© M¨v‡mi Pvc wbY©q| 2. MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î wewfbœ M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi wbY©q M¨vm wgkª‡bi Dcv`vb mg~n c„_KxKiY ev MvpxKiY GKB †g․‡ji wewfbœ AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci c„_KxKiY| †ZRw®…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc c„_KxKiY 3. Av`k© M¨vm mgxKiY M¨vmxq e¯‧i cwigvY wbY©q DØvqx Zi‡ji †gvjvi fi ev AvYweK fi wbY©q; KwVb c`v‡_©i NbZ¡ wbY©q| 4.A¨vbWªy‡Ri cixÿvi cÖ‡qvM mwÜ ZvcgvÎv msKU aªæeK M¨vm ZijxKi‡Yi g~jbxwZ

312 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item -03t M¨vm m~‡Îi †jLwPÎ †jLwPÎ †_‡K mvaviYZ `yÕai‡bi cÖkœ Av‡m| 01. †jLwP‡Îi cÖK…wZ 02. mwVK wPÎ †_‡K| MÖvd wbY©q c×wZ: mgxKiY †`‡L MÖv‡di cÖK…wZ †Kgb n‡e Zv wbY©q Kiv hv‡e, ZvB wb‡Pi wZbwU mgxKiY g‡b ivL‡Z n‡ecvIqv hvq m¤úK© iƒc mgxKiY †jL wPÎ MÖv‡di cÖK…wZ †iLvi bvg e‡q‡ji m~Î n‡Z [h.†ev. 2016; w`.†ev. 2016] P Ges V P V e‡q‡ji m~‡Î, P ebvg V (PV = K) xy = c P V Awae„Ëxq AvB‡mv_vg© ev m‡gvò †iLv ev mgZvcxq †iLv P Ges 1 V ev, V Ges P 1 P – 1 V ev, P 1 V e‡q‡ji m~‡Î, P ebvg 1 V (P = K1 V ), y = mx Abyiƒc, Pvj©‡mi m~‡Î, V ebvg T, (V = KT) P 1/V g~j we›`yMvgx mij‡iLv PV Ges V ev, PV Ges P PV V ev, PV P e‡q‡ji m~‡Î PV ebvg P Gi MÖvd aªæeK ebvg PjK PV P Avbyf‚wgK mij‡iLv Pvj©m Gi m~Î n‡Z [Xv.†ev. 2017] V Ges T V T V = KT y = mx GLv‡b, V ebvg T Gi MÖvd V T g~j we›`yMvgx mij‡iLv mg‡cÖm‡iLv ev AvB‡mvevi †iLv ev mgPvc †iLv t C G Pvj©m Gi m~Î V = V0 + V0 t 273 GLv‡b, V ebvg t Gi MÖvd V t Y Aÿ‡K wbw`©ó we›`y‡Z †Q`Mvgx ‡M-jymv‡Ki Pvcxq m~Î n‡Z P Ges T P T †M-jymv‡Ki m~‡Î P ebvg T, (P = KT) y = mx P T g~j we›`yMvgx mij‡iLv mgAvqZbxq †iLv ev AvB‡mv‡Kvi Tricks : ebvg Gi evg cv‡k V memgq Y-Aÿ eivei| Real Example: 1. P ebvg V Gi MÖvd- V 1 P V = k.1 P = V P y V x = K c A_©vr xy = C mgxKiY †g‡b P‡j Zvn‡j P ebvg V Gi MÖvd n‡e Awae„Ëxq- P V 2. PV ebvg P Gi MÖvd- Avgiv Rvwb, PV = K Zvn‡j ejv hvq K ebvg P Gi MÖvd n‡e mij‡iLv- †h‡nZz K GLv‡b aªæeK, PV P P PV

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 313 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Pvj©‡mi m~‡Îi MÖvd- †Kjwfb †¯‥j Avwe®‥vi nIqvi c~‡e© Pvj©‡mi m~Î wQ‡jv- V = V0 + V0 t 273 V y V0 c V0 273 m t x mgxKiYwU Zzjbv Ki‡j y = mx + c Gi AvKvi cvq Zvn‡j MÖvd n‡e y Aÿ‡K wbw`©ó we›`y‡Z †Q`MvgxV V0 tC Xvj = V0 273 Q1. wb‡Pi MÖv‡d wZbwU AvB‡mv_vg© †iLvi µg wK n‡e? V1 > V2 > V3 bvwK V1 < V2 < V3 T1 > T2 > T3 bvwK T1 < T2 < T3 T1 T2 T3 P V Q1. wb‡Pi MÖv‡d wZbwU AvB‡mvevi †iLvi µg wK n‡e? V1 > V2 > V3 bvwK V1 < V2 < V3 P1 < P2 < P3 bvwK P1 > P2 > P3 P1 T V P2 P3 Step-1: x A‡ÿi Dci j¤^ AvK‡e d‡j mKj †iLvi j¤^ †Q`Kvix we›`y‡Z P Gi gvb mgvb (w¯ i) n‡jv| T1 T2 T3 P V V1 V2 V3 Step-1: x A‡ÿi Dci j¤^ AvK‡e, d‡j mKj mgPvcxq †iLv¸‡jv‡Z T Gi gvb w¯ i n‡jv| P1 T V P2 P3 V1 V2 V3 Step-2: y A‡ÿi PjK (V) Gi AvB‡mvgv_© †iLvi ivwki (T) Gi m¤úK© †_‡K †`L‡Z cvB V T, mgvbycvwZK m¤úK© wPÎ Abymv‡i y A‡ÿ - V1 > V2 > v3 †m‡nZz, T1 > T2 > T3 Step-2: y A‡ÿi PjK (V) Gi mv‡_ P Gi m¤úK© †`‡L cvB, V 1 P , e¨v¯ÍvbycvwZK, wPÎ Abymv‡i y A‡ÿ, V1 > V2 > V3 Zvn‡j, P1 < P2 < P3 A. †jLwP‡Îi cÖK…wZ wbY©q : mgxKi‡Yi †hwU aªyeK _v‡K †mwUB †jLwP‡Îi cÖK„wZ wb‡`©k K‡i| †hgbt e‡q‡ji m~‡Î ZvcgvÎv w¯ i ev aªyeK _v‡K ZvB e‡q‡ji m~Î Abymv‡i ‡jLwP‡Îi cÖK…wZ n‡e mgZvcxq ev AvB‡mv_vg© †iLv| m~‡Îi bvg aªæeK ‡jLwP‡Îi cÖK…wZ e‡q‡ji m~Î T mgZvcxq ev AvB‡mv_vg© †iLv Pvj©‡mi m~Î P mgPvcxq ev AvB‡mvevi ev AvB‡mv‡cÖm †iLv Pv‡ci m~Î ev †M-jymv‡Ki m~Î V mgAvqZbxq ev AvB‡mv‡Kvi †iLv Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-1 : Av`k© M¨vm I ev¯Íe M¨vm ej‡Z wK eySvq? DËi : †h M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c M¨v‡mi m~Îmg~n †g‡b P‡j Zv‡K Av`k© M¨vm Ges †h M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c M¨v‡mi m~Îmg~n †g‡b P‡j bv Zv‡K ev¯Íe M¨vm e‡j| cÖkœ-2 : e‡qj, Pvj©m, A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv, Wvë‡bi AvswkK Pvc Ges MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~ÎwU wjL| DËi: Concept-3; Item-1 cÖkœ-3 : V ebvg 1 p , P ebvg V, PV ebvg P Ges V ebvg T Gi †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki| DËi: Concept-3; Item-3

314 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. M¨v‡mi NbZ¡ gvc‡Z e¨eüZ nq- [DU-Ka.2016-17] A. Arrhenius equation B. Perfect gas equation C. Einstein equation D. Faraday equation mwVK DËi: B. Perfect gas equation e¨vL¨v: Perfect gas quation = Ideal gas equation PV=nRT ev, PV= m M RT PM = m V RT d= PM RT 02. †Kvb †jLwPÎwU w¯ i Pv‡c Pvj©‡mi m~‡Îi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©? [DU-Ka.2014-15] A. B. C. D. mwVK DËi: A. e¨vL¨v: Pvj‡m©i m~Îvbymv‡i, V T ev, V = KT mgxKiYwU‡K y = mx Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j g~jwe›`yMvgx mij‡iLv cvIqv hvq| t C G Pvj©m Gi m~Î : V = V0 + V0 × t 273 Pvj©m Gi m~‡Îi †jLwPÎ : [Xv. †ev. 2017] V ebvg T V TK V ebvg tC V tC v0 JU 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwUi e¨vcb nvi †ewk? [JU-A.2019-20] A. HCl B. NH3 C. CH4 D. Cl2 mwVK DËi: C. CH4 e¨vL¨v: e¨vcb nv‡ii µg CH4 > NH3 > HCl > Cl2 hvi AvYweK fi Kg Zvi e¨vcb nvi †ewk| 02. Av`k© M¨v‡mi mgxKiY †_‡K †gvjvi fi wbY©‡qi †Kvb m¤úK©wU mwVK? [JU-A. 2016-17] A. M = P dRT B. M = Pd RT C. M = PV dRT D. M = RT Pd mwVK DËi: A. M = P dRT e¨vL¨v: PV = nRT, PV = RT M W , PM = W V RT W V = PM RT d = PM RT M = dRT P 03. †M-jymv‡Ki Pv‡ci m~Î †KvbwU? [JU. 2015-16; D1.2017-18] A. V n, (P, T w¯ i) B. P T, (V, n w¯ i) C. V T, (n, P w¯ i) D. V , P 1 (n, T w¯ i) mwVK DËi: B. P T (V, n w¯ i) e¨vL¨v: V T (P, n w¯ i) Pvj©‡mi m~Î, V P 1 (n, T w¯ i) e‡q‡ji m~Î V n (P, T w¯ i) A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi m~Î| 04. w¯ i Pv‡c wbw`©ó cwigvY †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb cig ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK| G m~ÎwU- [JU. 2011-2012, mw¤§wjZ †evW© 2018] A. e‡q‡ji B. Pvj©‡mi C.†M-jymv‡Ki D. M¨v‡mi m~Î mwVK DËi: B. Pvj©‡mi 05. M¨vm wgkª‡Yi †gvU Pvc wgkªYwUi Dcv`vb M¨vm mg~‡ni AvswkK Pv‡ci - [JU.2010-2011] A. ¸Yd‡ji mgvb B. ‡hvMd‡ji mgvb C. eM©g~‡ji mgvb D. me¸wjB mZ¨| mwVK DËi: B. ‡hvMd‡ji mgvb 06. w¯ i Pv‡c GKwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi wbw`©ó f‡ii AvqZb? [JU.2009-2010] A. K¨vjwfb ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK B. ‡mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK C. K¨vjwfb ZvcgvÎvi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK D. ‡mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK mwVK DËi: A. K¨vjwfb ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK e¨vL¨v: K¨vjwfb ZvcgvÎv I cig ZvcgvÎvi g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB| 07. e‡q‡ji m~Î Abymv‡i hLb GKwU M¨v‡mi Pvc K‡g hvq ZLb: [JU. 2009-10, e.‡ev. 2017] A. AvqZb e„w× cvq B. AvqZb K‡g hvq C. ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq D. ZvcgvÎv K‡g hvq mwVK DËi: A. AvqZb e„w× cvq e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î t w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb M¨vmwUi Dci cÖhy³ Pv‡ci e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK| RU 01. PV=nRT mgxKi‡Y T-Gi gvb cÖKvk nq †Kvb †¯‥‡j? [RU. 11-12, 08-09] A. dv‡ibnvBU B. †mjwmqvm C. cig ZvcgvÎv D. †ivgvi mwVK DËi: C. cig ZvcgvÎv e¨vL¨v: Av`k© M¨vm mgxKi‡Y ZvcgvÎv cig †¯‥‡j cÖKvwkZ nq| G‡K cig ZvcgvÎv e‡j| 02. STP ‡Z 50 cc †K¬vwib M¨v‡mi AYyi msL¨v 50cc bvB‡Uªv‡Rb M¨v‡mi AYyi- [RU.2008-2009] A. wZb¸Y B. wØ¸Y C. A‡a©K D. mgvb mwVK DËi: D. mgvb e¨vL¨v: GKB ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c mgAvqZb wewkó mKj M¨v‡m mgvb msL¨K AYy _v‡K| ZvB †K¬vwib I bvB‡Uªv‡Rb M¨v‡mi AYyi msL¨v mgvb| CU 01. †KvbwU Pvj©‡mi m~Î? [CU. 2019-20] A. P 1 V (at constant T) B. V T 1 (at constant T) C. V T (at constant P) D. P T (at constant V) mwVK DËi: C. V T (at constant P) e¨vL¨v: w¯ i Pv‡c, †Kv‡bv M¨v‡mi AvqZb Zvi cig ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK, V T| 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb m~ÎwU M¨vm m~‡Îi AšÍf~©³ bq? [CU. 2008-09] A. e‡q‡ji m~Î B. Pvj©‡mi m~Î C. Wvë‡bi AvswkK Pvc m~Î D. A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi m~Î E. ‡n‡mi m~Î mwVK DËi: E. ‡n‡mi m~Î e¨vL¨v: ‡n‡mi m~Ît GwU Zvc mgwói wbZ¨Zv m~Î ev aªæeZvc mgwóKiY m~Î| GwU M¨vm m~‡Îi mv‡_ mswkøó bq| T(K) V(L) T(K) V(L) T(K) V(L) T(K) V(L)

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 315 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 03. w¯ i Zv‡c †Kvb M¨v‡mi Pvc wØ¸Y evo‡j AvqZb n‡e: [CU. 2006-07] A. wØ¸Y B. A‡a©K C. Pvi¸Y D.GK PZz_©vsk E. GK Z…Zxqvsk mwVK DËi: B. A‡a©K e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î g‡Z ZvcgvÎv aªæe _vK‡j Ges Pvc wØ¸Y evov‡j AvqZb A‡a©K n‡e A_©vr 2 V V 0 04. †KvbwU mwVK bq? [CU. 2003-2004] A. M¨vm AYyi eM©g~j Mo eM©‡eM AvYweK f‡ii eM©g~‡ji e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK B. AwZ wbgœPvc I D”P ZvcgvÎvq ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© AvPiY K‡i C. Ryj _gmb cÖfv‡e ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq D. AvqwbK †h․‡Mi MjbvsK I ùzUbvsK mvaviYZ †ewk mwVK DËi: C. Ryj _gmb cÖfv‡e ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq 05. w¯ i AvqZ‡b M¨v‡mi Pvc I ZvcgvÎvi m¤úK© cÖKvkK m~ÎwU- [CU. 2002-2003] A. e‡q‡ji m~Î B. Pv©j‡mi m~Î C. †M-jym¨v‡Ki m~Î D.Wvë‡bi m~Î mwVK DËi: C. †M-jym¨v‡Ki m~Î 06. w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î P1V1 = P2V2 GUv Kvi m~Î? [CU. 2001-2002, RU. 07-08, iv.‡ev. 2015] A. e‡qj B. Pvj©m C. A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv D. Wvëb mwVK DËi: A. e‡qj e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~‡Î Boil ev, heat ev Zvc w¯ i _v‡K| IU 01. M¨v‡mi AYyi msL¨v I †gvjvi AvqZb Gi m¤úK© cÖKvk K‡i- [IU. 2015-16] A. e‡q‡ji m~Î B. Pvj©‡mi m~Î C. Wvë‡bi m~Î D. A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv m~Î mwVK DËi: D. A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªv m~Î e¨vL¨v: m~ÎwU: V n [T I P w¯ i] w¯ i ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c mgAvqZb wewkó mKj M¨v‡m mgvb msL¨K AYy_v‡K| 02. ‡Kvb M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †Kvb Dcv`v‡bi AvswkK Pvc ej‡Z H Dcv`v‡bi †gvj fMœvsk I M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †gvU Pv‡ciÑÑ eySvq| [IU. 2014-15] A. †hvMdj‡K B. we‡qvMdj‡K C. ¸Ydj‡K D. fvMdj‡K mwVK DËi: C. ¸Ydj‡K e¨vL¨v: Wvë‡bi AvswkKPvc m~Îvbymv‡i, †Kvb M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †Kvb Dcv`v‡bi AvswkK Pvc H Dcv`v‡bi †gvj fMœvsk I M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †gvU Pv‡ci ¸Yd‡ji mgvb| AvswkK Pvc = †gvj fMœvsk †gvU Pvc BU 01. wbw`©ó Pvc I ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb M¨v‡mi e¨vcb nvi- [BU.2015-16;RU. 2012-2013] A. Nb‡Z¡i e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK B. Nb‡Z¡i mgvbycvwZK C. Nb‡Z¡i eM©g~‡ji e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK D. Nb‡Z¡i eM©g~‡ji mgvbycvwZK mwVK DËi: C. Nb‡Z¡i eM©g~‡ji e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK e¨vL¨v: MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb, r 1 d 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi m‚Î? [BU. 2012-2013] A. V 1 P B. V T C. V n D. PV nRT mwVK DËi: C. V n e¨vL¨v: w¯ i ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c mgAvqZb wewkó mKj M¨v‡m mgvb msL¨K AYy_v‡K| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION MBSTU 01. Av`k© M¨v‡mi PV ebvg P Kvf© †Kvb A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj n‡e? [MBSTU. B. 2016-17] A. PV Aÿ B. P Aÿ C. PS Aÿ D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: B. P Aÿ e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î : PV K P 1 V ev, [h.‡ev. 2016] e‡q‡ji m~‡Îi †jLwPÎ : [w`.‡ev. 2016] V ebvg 1 P V 1 P P ebvg v P V PV ebvg P PV P 02. M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î AvqZb‡K 1/Pvc Gi wecix‡Z ¯ vcb Ki‡j cvIqv hvq- [MBSTU. B. 2015-16] A. mgZvcxq eµ †iLv B. g~jwe›`yMvgx mij †iLv C. mgZvcxq mgvšÍivj †iLv D. me¸‡jv mwVK DËi: B. g~jwe›`yMvgx mij †iLv| e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î †_‡K cÖvß V ebvg P 1 ‡iLvwU nq g~jwe›`yMvgx mij‡iLv| e‡q‡ji m~Î †_‡K cÖvß P ebvg V ‡iLvwU nq Awae„Ëxq| e‡q‡ji m~Î †_‡K cÖvß PV ebvg P ev V ‡iLvwU nq X A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj| 03. e‡q‡ji m~‡Îi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [MBSTU. 2011-12] A. Pvc w¯ i B. ZvcgvÎv w¯ i C. AvqZb w¯ i D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: B. ZvcgvÎv w¯ i e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~ÎwU wb¤œiƒc: Ów¯ i ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kv‡bv M¨v‡mi AvqZb H M¨v‡mi Dci cÖhy³ Pv‡ci e¨¯ÍvbycvwZKÓ| A_©vr V 1 P , hLb n I T w¯ i| 04. A¨v‡fvMv‡Wªvi cÖKí Abyhvqx V n hLbÑ [MBSTU. 2011-12] A. T I P aªæeK B. T aªæeK C. P aªæeK D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: A. T I P aªæeK HSTU 01. e‡q‡ji m~‡Îi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mZ¨? [HSTU-B.2017-18; CU.09-10; 2011-12; JnU.2009-2010] A. V constant B. P constant C. T constant D. P and V constant mwVK DËi: C. T constant e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î : V 1 P , hLb n I T w¯ i| STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUTex 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? [BUTex. 2015-16] A. V P (at constant m) B. C=(RT/3M)1/2 C. V T [at constant P] D. R= PT nv mwVK DËi: C. V T [at constant P] e¨vL¨v: Pvj©‡mi m~Î : w¯ i Pv‡c wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb cig ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK| A_©vr V T [at constant P]| 02. wb‡gœi †Kvb m~ÎwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bq? [BUET. 2013-14] A. Gay-Lussac’s law B. Raoult’s law C. Graham’s law D. Avogadrow’s law mwVK DËi: B. Raoult’s law

316 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES e¨vL¨v: cÖeZ©K m~Î Gay-Lussac’s law M¨v‡mi AvqZb AbycvZ m~Î Graham’s law e¨vcb m~Î Avogadrow’s law AYyaviYvi m~Î Raoult’s law Av`k© Zij-Zij `ªe‡Yi m~Î STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. cvwb‡K 0ºC ZvcgvÎv n‡Z 10ºC ZvcgvÎvq DËß Ki‡j Dnvi AvqZb- [MAT. 2014-15] A. e„w× cvq B. K‡g C. AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K D. cÖ_‡g ev‡o Zvici K‡g mwVK DËi: A. e„w× cvq e¨vL¨v: VT A_v©r ZvcgvÎv evo‡j AvqZb ev‡o| Z‡e 4C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi NYZ¡ me‡P‡q †ewk| A_©vr AvqZb me‡P‡q Kg| Gici Avevi AvqZb evo‡Z _v‡K| A_©vr ZvcgvÎv evov‡j AvqZb cÖ_‡g K‡g Gici ev‡o| 02. Pvc, Zvc I AvqZb msµvšÍ †Kvb m~ÎwU mwVK bq? [MAT:2008-09] A. 273 V V0 1 B. 273 P P0 1 C. RT w M PV D. PV nRT mwVK DËi: C. RT w M PV e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb, Av`k© M¨vm mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc n‡”Q PV nRT RT M w 03. PV = K, GB mgxKiYwU mvaviYfv‡e †Kvb m~‡Îi cÖKvk- [MAT: 2002-2003, iv.‡ev. 2017] A. Pvj©‡mi m~Î B. e‡q‡ji m~Î C. Pv‡ci m~Î D. Av`k© M¨vm mgxKiY mwVK DËi: B. e‡q‡ji m~Î e¨vL¨v: e‡q‡ji m~Î : V 1 P , hLb n I T w¯ i| CONCEPT 04 c`v‡_©i wewfbœ Ae¯ v Ges M¨vm m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv Item- 01t c`v‡_©i Ae¯ vtÑ weÁvbx‡ì g‡Z, wek¦ cÖK…wZi `yÕwU fvM- (1) c`v_© I (2) weKxY© kw³ c`v‡_©i Ae¯ v ev †gvU Ae¯ vt c`v‡_©i Ae¯ v wZbwU| h_vt KwVb, Zij I M¨vmxq| wKš‧ we‡kl Ae¯ v `yÕwU, h_vt cøvRgv Ae¯ v I Zij ùwUK Ae¯ v| KwVb, Zij I M¨vm nIqvi kZ©: IMF > Ek KwVb c`v_© ; IMF Ek Zij c`v_© ; IMF < Ek M¨vm [(IMF = Inter Molecular Force ev AvšÍtAvYweK ej), Ek = Kinetic energy = MwZkw³|] c`v‡_©i †f․Z Ae¯ v- KwVb, Zij I M¨vmxq| GQvov AviI `ywU Ae¯ v- Zij ùwUK Ae¯ v I cøvRgv Ae¯ v (104 –106 )°C A_ev (104 –105K) Zij ùwUK Ae¯ vt ‡KjvmvKvi •Re c`v_© A¯^”Q Zij Zij ùwUK| ‣ewkó¨t (i) cÖevn ag© I c„ôUvb m¤^wjZ (ii) Bnviv •Re †h․M (iii) `ywU Ask _v‡K `„p I bgbxq Ask (iv) `xN© wkK‡ji GK cÖv‡šÍ †cvjvi MÖæc _v‡K ag©t (i) `„pZv ag© (ii) Av‡jvK ag© eënvit Temperature sensor wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| D`vniYt b¨vd_vwjb, WvBKve©w·wjK GwmW I WvBAj Gi cwjG÷vi (cwjgvixq Zij ùwUK) 4-weDUvAw·-4 B_v‡bvwqj A¨v‡Rv †ebwRb 4,4-WvBwg‡_vw· A¨v‡Rvw· †ebwRb 4-‡c›UvBj evBwdbvBj-4-Kv‡e©vbvBUªvBj (Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq Zij ùwUK) cøvRgv Ae¯ v (Plasma)t cøvRgv Ae¯ v c`v‡_©i m‡ev©”P kw³ m¤^wjZ †f․Z M¨vmxq Ae¯ v| G‡Z KYv ¸‡jv PvR©hy³ Ges AwZ cÖPÐ MwZ‡Z QzUvQzwU Ki‡Z _v‡K| wKš‧ mvwe©Kfv‡e Zwor wbi‡cÿ| m~h© (ZvcgvÎv 107 †Kjwfb) Ges Ab¨vb¨ bÿ‡Î cøvRgvi Dcw¯ wZ Av‡Q| AwZ D”P ZvcgvÎvq cøvRgv Ae¯ v AvqwbZ Ae¯ vq _v‡K| wbqb Av‡jv, cÖwZcÖfv evwZ Ges †jRvi iwk¥‡Z cøvRgv eëüZ nq| wbDwK¬qvi wdDkvb M‡elYvi †ÿ‡Î Gi Dcw¯ wZ Rvbv hvq| †R‡b ivLv fvjt cøvRgv Ae¯ v n‡”Q c`v‡_©i M¨vmxq Ae¯ v| Item -02t M¨vmt c`v‡_©i †h †f․Z Ae¯ vq b~¨bZg AvšÍtKYv AvKl©Yej I m‡ev©”P AvšÍtKYv duvKv ¯ vb _v‡K Ges G Ae¯ vq AvqZb I AvK…wZi †Kvb wbw`©óZv _v‡K bv Zv‡K M¨vm e‡j| M¨v‡mi ‣ewkó¨t M¨vm c`v‡_©i GKwU mgmË¡ †f․Z Ae¯ v| GKvwaK M¨vm ci¯úi wgwkªZ n‡q mgmË¡ wgkªY •Zwi K‡i| M¨vmxq Ae¯ vq c`v‡_©i wbw`©ó †Kvb Pvc †bB| M¨vmxq c`v‡_©i Av‡cwÿK AvqZb Zij I KwVb c`v‡_©i †P‡q A‡bK †ewk | M¨v‡mi †Kvb wbw`©ó AvK…wZ I AvqZb †bB| M¨v‡mi AYymg~‡ni AvšÍtAvYweK duvKv ¯ vb Lye †ewk | ZijI KwVb c`v‡©_i †P‡q M¨vmxq c`v_© A‡bK †ewk ms‡KvPbkxj I cÖmviY †hvM¨| M¨v‡mi NbZ¡ me‡P‡q Kg| M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jvi Dci AwfKl© kw³i ‡Kvb cÖfve bvB|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 317 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES M¨v‡mi MwZZ‡Ë¡i ¯^xKvh© mg~nt mKj M¨vmxq KYv AmsL¨ ÿy`ª, †MvjvKvi I w¯ wZ¯ vcK| AYy I M¨vmvav‡ii ‡Ìqv‡ji g‡a¨ †Kvb AvKl©Y ev weKl©Y ej †bB| ‡h †Kvb `ywU AYyi msN‡l©i gaëZ©x c_ mij ‣iwLK| msNl©mg~n w¯ wZ¯ vcK| M¨v‡mi MwZkw³ cigZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK A_©vr EK T. M¨vmxq KYv mg~‡ni AvqZb M¨vmvav‡ii AvqZ‡bi Zzjbvq AwZ bMY¨| AYy ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ïay msN‡l©i Rb¨ †h mgq e¨q nq Zv `y‡Uv msN‡l©i gaëZx© mg‡qi Zzjbvq AwZ bMY¨| M¨v‡mi AYyi Dci AwfKl© kw³i †Kvb cÖfve ‡bB| M¨v‡mi cÖKvi‡f`t M¨vm g~jZ wZb cÖKv‡i wef³| h_vt (1) wPišÍb M¨vm (2) ev¯Íe M¨vm (3) Av`k© M¨vm| wPišÍb M¨vmt Av‡M aviYv Kiv nZ O2, N2, H2 cÖf„wZ M¨vm‡K cÖPzi Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡iI Zi‡j iƒcvšÍi Kiv hvq bv Ges G‡ì Zij Ae¯ vi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB| ZvB G‡ì wPišÍb M¨vm ejv n‡Zv| cieZ©x‡Z wb¤œZi ZvcgvÎvq Pvc cÖ‡qv‡M Z_vKw_Z ÒwPišÍbÓ M¨vmmg~n‡KI ZiwjZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ev¯Íe M¨vm ev cÖK…Z M¨vmt †h mKj M¨vm PV = nRT mgxKiY †g‡b P‡jbv Zv‡ì‡K cÖK…Z M¨vm ejv nq| wbgœ Pv‡c I D”PZvcgvÎvq [T>–273C ev, P 1 1atm] ev¯Íe M¨vm mg~n Av`k© M¨v‡mi b¨vq AvPiY K‡i| CO2, N2, H2 cÖf„wZ| Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvPiY n‡Z ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZ : weÁvbx A¨vgvMv G Z_¨ †`b| A¨vgvMv e‡µi Zvrch© nj Ñ ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© M¨vm mgxKiY PV = nRT cy‡ivcywifv‡e †g‡b P‡j bv| GB Kvf© Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ev¯Íe M¨vm¸‡jvi wePz¨wZ cÖKvk K‡i| hw` †Kv‡bv M¨vm Av`k© AvPiY K‡i Z‡e w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq PV Gi gvb aªæe _vKZ A_©vr P A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj mij‡iLv cvIqv †hZ| w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq PV ebvg P †iLv‡K A¨vgvMv eµ‡iLv ejv nq| A¨vgvMv cÖavbZ `yB ai‡bi †jL cvb| (i) cÖ_g ai‡bi †jL H2, He cÖf…wZ M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î Pvc e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ PV Gi gvb µgvMZ ev‡o| A_©vr PV Gi gvb Av`k© M¨v‡mi gvb A‡cÿv †ewk nq| G‡ì †ejvq †clY-gvÎv Kg _v‡K Ges †jL¸‡jv mij‡iLv n‡q _v‡K| (ii) wØZxq ai‡Yi †jL O2, N2, CO2 cÖf…wZ M¨v‡mi Pvc e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ cÖ_‡g PV Gi gvb Av`k© gvb n‡Z µgvMZ Kg‡Z _v‡K Ges GKmgq GKwU b~¨bZg gv‡b †cu․‡Q Zvici Pvc e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi evo‡Z _v‡K Ges Av`k© gvb A‡cÿv †ewk nq| G‡ì †ejvq cÖ_g w`‡K †clY-gvÎv †ewk _v‡K| PV Gi gvb b~¨bZg nIqvi ci †clb-gvÎv ax‡i ax‡i n«vm cvq| G‡ì †jL¸‡jv eµ‡jL nq| 50 40 30 20 10 PV 200 RT Av`k© M¨v‡mi †jL (L. atm) 400 600 800 1000 P(atm) He H2 CO2 O2 N2 A¨vgvMv e‡µi cÖKvi‡f`: 1g ai‡bi †jL (mij‡iLv) 2q ai‡bi †jL (eµ‡iLv) 01. H2, He Gi MÖvd| 01. CO2, O2, N2, CH4 Gi MÖvd| 02. Pvc e„w×i mv‡_ µgvMZ ev‡o| 02. Pvc e„w× Ki‡j cÖ_‡g n«vm cvq Ges cieZ©x‡Z e„w× cvq| 03. †clbgvÎv Ab¨vb¨ M¨v‡mi †P‡q Kg| 03. †clbgvÎv †ewk nq| 04. MÖv‡di cÖK…wZ mij‡iLv| 04. MÖv‡di cÖK…wZ eµ‡iLv| ZvcgvÎvi cÖfve : (i) H2, He cÖf…wZ M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î ZvcgvÎv Kgv‡Z _vK‡j Zv‡ì †jL cwiewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K Ges †jLwU Ae‡k‡l wØZxq ai‡bi †j‡Li gZ nq| (ii) Avevi h‡_ó D”P ZvcgvÎvq O2, N2, CO2 cÖf…wZ M¨v‡mi wØZxq ai‡bi †jL cÖ_g ai‡bi †j‡Li Abyiƒc nq| wm×všÍ : (i) Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZi KviY M¨v‡mi cÖK…wZi Dci bq eis ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| (ii) mvaviYZ M¨v‡mi Dci cÖhy³ Pvc hZ †ewk nq M¨v‡mi Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ZZ †ewk wePz¨wZ N‡U| 100C ZvcgvÎvq I 5atm Pv‡c †Kv‡bv M¨v‡mi m‡ev©”P wePz¨wZ N‡U| ‡R‡b ivLv DwPZt ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi wePz¨wZi mgvbycvwZK| A_v©r AvYweK fi hZ ev‡o wePz¨wZ ZZ ev‡o| (i) †h ZvcgvÎvq ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© AvPiY K‡i Zv‡K e‡q‡ji ZvcgvÎv e‡j| (ii) †h M¨v‡mi Nbxfeb ZvcgvÎv ev Av`k© Zi‡ji ùzUbv¼ hZB STP †_‡K `~‡i _v‡K Gi wePz¨wZ gvÎv ZZB †ewk| Item-03: ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi ms‡KvPbkxjZv ¸Yv¼ ev †clY ¸Yv¼ I Av`k© AvPiY : †clY ¸Yv¼ cÖK…Zc‡ÿ GKB ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi †gvjvi AvqZb I Av`k© M¨v‡mi †gvjvi AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ‡K cÖKvk K‡i| Z = ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi †gvjvi AvqZb Av`k© M¨v‡mi †gvjvi AvqZb (i) GK †gvj Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ejvq Z = 1 nq| Z Gi gvb 1 †_‡K hZ †ewk ev Kg n‡e, ev¯Íe M¨vmwU Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ZZB wePz¨Z n‡e| (ii) hLb Z > 1 nq ZLb M¨vmwU Av`k© M¨vm A‡cÿv Kg †clY‡hvM¨ nq| †hgb- H2, He, N2| (iii) hLb Z < 1 nq ZLb M¨vmwU Av`k© M¨vm A‡cÿv †ewk †clY‡hvM¨ nq| †hgb- CO2, O2| (iv) k~b¨ Pv‡ci wbK‡U Z = 1 nq A_©vr AwZ wb¤œ Pv‡c me ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© AvPiY K‡i|

318 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi ev f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiY : P + n 2 a V 2 (V – nb) nRT GLv‡b, a I b `yÕwU f¨vÛvi Iqvjm aªyeK; hvi a = AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y Ges b = AvqZb ms‡kvaK aªæeK| f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiY: mgxKiY P + n 2 a V 2 (Vnb) = nRT Pvc ms‡kvab factor, Pa (i) Pa †K AYyi AvKl©YRwbZ AvšÍtUvb ev msmw³ Uvb (Cohesive Pressure) e‡j| (ii) M¨v‡mi AvšÍtUvb (Pa) M¨v‡mi Nb‡Z¡i e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK nq, A_©vr Pa d 2 | (iii) M¨v‡mi NbZ¡ (d) GKK AvqZ‡b M¨v‡mi MÖvg-AYy msL¨vi n V Gi mgvbycvwZK nq A_©vr d n V | (iv) Pa n V 2 Pa = a n 2 V 2 ; a GKwU aªæeK, GwU Øviv AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y ej eySvq| (v) M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi †ewk n‡j ‘a’ Gi gvb †ewk nq d‡j H M¨v‡mi ZijxKiY Aí Pv‡c N‡U| M¨v‡mi AvqZb ms‡kvab factor, b b Gi gvb AYyi e¨vmv‡a©i Dci wbf©i K‡i, b = 4NA 4 3 r 3 | 32 g Aw·‡R‡bi Rb¨ f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiYwU wjL| [DU.2016-17, Xv. †ev. 2004] n †gvj M¨v‡mi Rb¨ f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiYwU nj, P + n 2 a V 2 (V – nb) = nRT Avgiv Rvwb M¨v‡mi †gvj msL¨v n = M¨v‡mi fi w AvYweK fi M Aw·‡Rb M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î, fi w = 32 g ; AvYweK fi, M = 32 g †gvj msL¨v, n = 32 32 = 1 32 g Aw·‡R‡bi Rb¨ f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiYwU n‡e, P + a V 2 (V – b) = RT Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-1 : 32 g Aw·‡Rb M¨v‡mi Rb¨ f¨vbWvi Iqvjm-Gi mgxKiYwU wjL| D³ mgxKiY a I b Gi A_© wjL| DËi : 32 g Aw·‡Rb = 1 mol Aw·‡Rb n = 1; P + a v 2 (v – b) = RT, †hLv‡b a I b aªæeK| a = AvšÍtAvbweK AvKl©Y b = AvqZb ms‡kvaK cÖkœ-2 : Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZi KviY ¸‡jv wjL| DËi: D”P Pv‡c I wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq Av`k© AvPiY †_‡K ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZ N‡U| cÖkœ-3 : Av`k© M¨vm Kv‡K e‡j? DËi: †h mKj M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c M¨v‡mi m~Îmg~n †g‡b P‡j †m mKj M¨vm‡K Av`k© M¨vm e‡j| cÖkœ-4 : ev¯Íe M¨vm Kv‡K e‡j? DËi: †hme M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c Av`k© M¨v‡mi m~Îmg~n †g‡b P‡j bv Ges hv‡ì Af¨šÍixY kw³ AvqZ‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj Zv‡ì‡K ev¯Íe M¨vm e‡j| cÖkœ-5 : M¨v‡mi AvYweK f‡ii mv‡_ wePz¨wZi m¤úK© wK? DËi: AvYweK fi e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ wePz¨wZi cwigvY ev‡o| cÖkœ-6 : f¨vÛvi Iqvjm aªæeK a Ges b Gi GKK wjL| DËi: (CU 2 No. MCQ `ªóe¨); Concept-4 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. Kx Ae¯ vq ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© M¨vm mgxKiY AbymiY K‡i? [DU-Ka.2016-17; CU.2010-2011,2008-09;RU.2012-13; SUST. 2012-13; DU: 2007-08, MAT: 2006–07, h. †ev. 2016] A. Low temperature and high pressure B. High temperature and low pressure C. Absolute zero temperature D. High pressure mwVK DËi: B. High temperature and low pressure e¨vL¨v: ev¯Íe M¨vm : (i) wb¤œZvcgvÎv I D”P Pvc (ii) (P+n 2 a v 2 ) (V-nb)= nRT (iii) AYymg~‡ni g‡a¨ AvKl©Y ev weKl©Y ej _v‡K| (iv) Gme M¨v‡mi Af¨šÍixY kw³ M¨v‡mi AvqZ‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i| Av`k© M¨vm: (i) D”P ZvcgvÎv I wb¤œ Pvc (ii) PV= nRT (iii) AYymg~‡n AvKl©Y ev weKl©Y ej _v‡K bv (iv) Gme M¨v‡mi Af¨šÍixY kw³ M¨v‡mi AvqZ‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| A_©vr ( u v )T = O 02. Av`k© M¨vm AvPiY ‡_‡K wePz¨wZi µg ‡KvbwU? [DU-Ka. 2015-16] A. H2 < N2 < CO2 < NH3 B. H2 < N2 < NH3 < CO2 C. CO2 > NH3 > H2 > N2 D. N2 > H2 > CO2 > NH3 mwVK DËi: A. H2 < N2 < CO2 < NH3 e¨vL¨v: Av`k© M¨vm AvPiY †_‡K wePz¨wZi µg: H2 < N2 < CO2 < NH3| GLv‡b, CO2 Gi †P‡q NH3Gi AvšÍ:AvYweK AvKl©Y kw³ †ewk| AvšÍ:AvYweK AvKl©Y kw³ †ewk n‡j Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvPiY †_‡K wePz¨wZ †ewk n‡e| †R‡b ivLv fvjt a Gi GKK = atm.dm6mol-2 ev atm.L2mol-2 , b Gi GKK = L mol-1

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 319 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 03. g¨v·I‡q‡ji AYyi MwZi weZi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb Dw³wU mwVK bq? [DU-Ka. 2014-15] A. Most probable speed is the speed of all of the molecules B. Most probable speed decreases as temperature increases C. Larger numbers of molecules move at a greater speed at high temperature D. Distribution curve tells the number of molecules moving at a certain speed mwVK DËi: B. Most probable speed decreases as temperature increases e¨vL¨v: If temperature increases, then Kinetic energy increase and then speed is propotional to Kinetic energy. 04. wb‡gœi †Kvb M¨vmwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi ag© †_‡K me‡P‡q †ewk wePz¨Z? [DU. 2010-2011; BU. 2015-16] A. HCl B. He C. CH4 D. N2 mwVK DËi: A. HCl e¨vL¨v: Av`k© M¨v‡mi wePy¨wZi KwZcq Kvi‡Yi GKwU n‡”Q AvYweK fi| wbw®…q M¨vm e¨ZxZ AvYweK fi hZ †ewk n‡e Av`k© M¨vm †_‡K wePz¨wZ ZZ †ewk n‡e| HCl Gi AvYweK fi = 1+ 35.5=36.5 CH4 Gi AvYweK fi = 12+4=16 N2 Gi AvYweK fi = 28 myZivs HCl Gi wePz¨wZ †ewk n‡e| JU 01. CNG †÷k‡b e¨eüZ cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡m wg‡_‡bi cwigvb KZ? [JU-A, Set-D. 2019-20] A. 79% B. 88% C. 90% D. 96% mwVK DËi: D. 96% e¨vL¨v: CNG †Z 95-99% CH4 _v‡K| [Ref. nvRvix] 02. wbgœwjwLZ †Kvb k‡Z© M¨vm cvwb‡Z me‡P‡q †ewk `ªexf~Z nq? [JU. 2009-10] A. D”P Zvc Ges D”P Pvc B. D”P Pvc Ges wbgœ Zvc C. wbgœ Pvc Ges D”P Zvc D. wbgœ Zvc Ges wbgœ Pvc mwVK DËi: B. D”P Pvc Ges wbgœ Zvc e¨vL¨v: M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv hZ Kg nq, Pvc hZ ‡ekx nq M¨vm ZZ Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| 03. wbgœwjwLZ †Kvb k‡Z© M¨vm cvwb‡Z me‡P‡q Kg `ªexf~Z nq| [JU. 2009-10] A. D”P Zvc Ges D”P Pvc B. D”P Pvc Ges wbgœ Zvc C. wbgœ Pvc Ges D”P Zvc D. wbgœ Zvc Ges wbgœ Pvc mwVK DËi: C. wbgœ Pvc Ges D”P Zvc e¨vL¨v: Dc‡ii cÖ‡kœi D‡ëv wPšÍv K‡i †`L ‡Zv mgvavb cvI wKbv! RU 01. ev¯Íe M¨vmmg~‡ni Av`k© M¨v‡mi b¨vq AvPi‡Yi kZ©- [RU-C3.2017-18; CU.2008-09; 2010-11] A. cÖgvY ZvcgvÎv I cÖgvY Pvc B. D”P ZvcgvÎv I D”P Pvc C. D”P ZvcgvÎv I wb¤œ Pvc D. wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv I D”P Zvc mwVK DËi: C. D”P ZvcgvÎv I wb¤œ Pvc e¨vL¨v: D”P ZvcgvÎv I wb¤œ Pv‡c ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi AvqZb A‡bK †ewk nq e‡j ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© M¨v‡mi b¨vq AvPiY K‡i| 02. c`v‡_©i M¨vmxq Ae¯ vq abvZœK Avqb I B‡j±«‡bi cvkvcvwk _vKvi Ae¯ v‡K e‡j- [RU. 2012-2013] A. ùzUbv¼ B. ùwUK C. cøvRgv D. Mjbv¼ mwVK DËi: C. cøvRgv 03. Av`k© M¨vm mKj ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c †Kvb mgxKiY †g‡b P‡j? [RU. 2012-13] A. Vnb =nRT B. PV = nRT C. U/V = 0 D. V/T = 0 mwVK DËi: B. PV = nRT 04. ev¯Íe M¨vm KLb Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvPiY cÖ`k©b K‡i? [RU.2007-2008] A. P1atm I D”P ZvcgvÎv B. P1atm I D”P ZvcgvÎv C. P=1atm I wbgœ ZvcgvÎv D.P=1atm I D”P ZvcgvÎv mwVK DËi: A. P1atm I D”P ZvcgvÎv 05. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm& mgxKi‡Yi ï× iƒc †KvbwU? [RU. 07-08, Kz./wm.‡ev. 15, iv.‡ev. 16, w`.‡ev. 17] A. (V nb) nRT V n a P 2 2 B. (V nb) nRT V na P 2 2 C. (V nb) nRT V n a P 2 2 D. (V nb) nRT V a P 2 mwVK DËi: C. (V nb) nRT V n a P 2 2 CU 01. me©cÖ_g †Kvb weÁvbx AYymg~‡ni g‡a¨ `ye©j AvšÍtAvYweK e‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡ Abyaveb K‡ib? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. Wvëb B. wbDUb C. g¨v·I‡qj D. †g‡Ûwjd E. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mwVK DËi: E. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm 02. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm aªæeK ‘a’ Gi GKK ---------| [CU. 2015-16; RUC3.2017-18] A. atm2 .mol–1 B. atm.mol–1 C. L.mol–2 D. atm.L2 .mol–2 E. atm.L–2 .mol–2 mwVK DËi: D. atm.L2 .mol–2 e¨vL¨v: P V n a 2 2 2 2 n PV a 2 2 mol atm L a a = atm.L2mol–2 03. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm mgxKiY e¨vL¨v K‡i- [CU. 2012-13] A. M¨v‡mi Pvc-ZvcgvÎvi m¤cK© B. M¨v‡mi AvqZb-ZvcgvÎvi m¤cK© C. M¨v‡mi AvqZb, ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡ci m¤cK© D. Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvPi‡Yi mv‡_ wgj E. M¨v‡mi Av`k© AvPi‡Yi wePz¨wZ mwVK DËi: E. M¨v‡mi Av`k© AvPi‡Yi wePz¨wZ 04. f¨vbWvi Iqvjm mgxKi‡Yi aªæeK 'a' g~jZ wK wb‡`©k K‡i? [CU. 2011-12,2008-09; MBSTU-B.2016-17, iv. †ev. 2016] A. AvšÍtAvYweK weKl©Y B. AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y C. M¨v‡mi MwZkw³ D. M¨v‡mi AvqZb E. M¨v‡mi Pvc mwVK DËi: B. AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y| e¨vL¨v: a = aªæeK hv AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y ej wb‡`©k K‡i| b = aªæeK hv Kvh©Ki wbR¯^ AvqZb wb‡`©k K‡i| V = M¨vm AYyi AvqZb, R = ‡gvjviM¨vm aªæeK T = cig ZvcgvÎv, n = †gvj msL¨v 05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Av`k© M¨vm? [CU. 2008-09, 2012-13] A. Aw·‡Rb B. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb C. wnwjqvg D.Kve©b g‡bv·vBW E.‡KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: E. ‡KvbwUB bq e¨vL¨v: ev¯Í‡e †Kvb Av`k© M¨vm †bB| GwU GKwU Kíbv gvÎ| KU 01. M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jvi MwZi Dci- [KU.2009-2010] A. AwfKl© kw³i †Kvb cÖfve †bB B. AwfKl© kw³i mvgvb¨ cÖfve Av‡Q C. ga¨vKl©Y kw³i †Kvb cÖfve †bB D. ga¨vKl©Y kw³i mvgvb¨ cÖfve Av‡Q mwVK DËi: A. AwfKl© kw³i †Kvb cÖfve †bB e¨vL¨v: M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jvi MwZi Dci AwfKl© kw³i †Kvb cÖfve bvB| GwU M¨v‡mi MwZZ‡Ë¡i ¯^xKv‡h© ejv n‡q‡Q|

320 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 02. ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© M¨v‡mi mgxKiY PV =nRT †g‡b P‡j bv| Gi KviY wb‡gœi †KvbwU? [KU.2006-2007] A. M¨vm AYyi AvqZb AwZ bMY¨ B. M¨v‡mi AYyi wbR¯^ AvqZb Av‡Q C. M¨v‡mi AYyi MwZ‡eM Lye †ewk D. M¨v‡mi AYyi wbR¯^ AvqZb I wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ AvKl©Y ej we`¨gvb| mwVK DËi: D. M¨v‡mi AYyi wbR¯^ AvqZb I wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ AvKl©Y ej we`¨gvb| e¨vL¨v: ev¯Íe M¨vm Av`k© M¨v‡mi mgxKiY PV = nRT †g‡b P‡j bv| Gi KviYi) M¨v‡mi AYyi wbR¯^ AvqZb Av‡Q. hv bMY¨ bq| ii) M¨v‡mi AYyi wb‡Ri g‡a¨ AvKl©Y ej we`¨gvb| IU 01. Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î kZ© n‡”Q- [IU-D.2019-20] A. dP dV T = 0 B. dV dt P = 0 C. dE = 0 D. dE dV T = 0 mwVK DËi: D. dE dV T = 0 e¨vL¨v: Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î, w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi Af¨šÍixY kw³ (dE) Gi AvqZ‡bi (dV) Dci wbf©ikxj bq| A_©v dE dV T = 0 02. AwZ D”P Pvc ev wbgœ ZvcgvÎvq ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi mgxKiY- [IU.2003-2004] A. PV = 3 1 mnC2 B. PV = nRT C. P = 1/3DC2 D. )(V nb) nRT V n a (P 2 2 mwVK DËi: B. PV = nRT CVASU 01. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi ag© †_‡K ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZi KviY? [CVASU:2018-19] A. ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi IRb RwbZ ÎæwU B. ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi fi RwbZ ÎæwU C. ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi AvqZb RwbZ ÎæwU D. ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi Dcv`vb RwbZ ÎæwU mwVK DËi: C. ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi AvqZb RwbZ ÎæwU e¨vL¨v: ev¯Íe M¨v‡mi wePz¨wZi KviY `ywU n‡jv1) Pvc RwbZ ÎæwU 2) AvqZb RwbZ ÎæwU STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. †Kvb Ae¯ vq AYymg~‡ni AveZ©b MwZ me‡P‡q †ewk? [SUST. 2014-15] A. KwVb B. Zij (mvaviY) C. AwZ kxZj Zij D. dzUšÍ Zij E. M¨vmxq mwVK DËi: E. M¨vmxq e¨vL¨v: M¨vmxq Ae¯ vq AYymg~‡ni K¤úb, AveZ©b I ¯ vbvšÍi MwZ A‡bK †ewk _v‡K| 02. cøvRgv Ae¯ v c`v‡_©i †Kvb ai‡bi Ae¯ v- [SUST:2007-2008] A. KwVb Ae¯ v B. Av‡qvwWb Ae¯ v C. Zij Ae¯ v D.M¨vmxq Ae¯ v mwVK DËi: D. M¨vmxq Ae¯ v HSTU 01. Pvc e„w×i d‡j M¨vm AYy mg~‡ni Mogy³ †eM- [HSTU-B.2017-18] A. n«vmcvq B. e„w×cvq C. AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K D. k~b¨ nq mwVK DËi: B. e„w×cvq e¨vL¨v: Pvc e„w×i d‡j M¨vm AYymg~‡ni Mo gy³‡eM e„w× cvq| Mo gy³‡eM ev Mo MwZ‡eM PV RT M 8PV M 8RT C [∵ PV = RT] Pvce„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Mo MwZ‡eM e„w×cvq| BSMRSTU 01. M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡ Abymv‡i 273C ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi MwZkw³ n‡eÑ [BSMRSTU-C. 2019-20] A. me©vwaK B. k~b¨ C. gvSvgvwS D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: B. k~b¨ e¨vL¨v: Ek = 3 2 nRT = 3 2 nR.0 Ek = 0 T = 273C =0K STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. bx‡Pi †Kvb †h․MwU GKwU Zij ùwUK? [BUET: 11-12, RU. 09-10] A. 4- †c›UvBj evBwdbvBj- 4- Kv‡e©vbvBUªvBj B. ‡mvwWqvg ÷¨v‡bU C. WvB wdbvBj B_vi D. wdbvBj †ebR‡qU mwVK DËi: A. 4-†c›UvBjevBwdbvBj- 4- Kv‡e©vbvBUªvBj KUET 01. ‡Kvb AvYweK ¸YwU Av`k© M¨vm †_‡K h‡_ó wePz¨wZ NUvq? [KUET.2013-2014,BUET:2005-2006] A. D”P AvYweK MwZ B. ÿz`ªZi AvYweK IRb C. e„nr AvYweK AvqZb D. `ye©j AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y mwVK DËi: C. e„nr AvYweK AvqZb e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb, M¨vm gv‡bB KYvmg~‡ni AwZ `ªæZ QzUvQzwU, wKš‧ M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î Abymv‡i d 1 r ev, M 1 r fi (AvYweK) evo‡j Zvi e¨vc‡bi nvi Z_v MwZ Kg‡Z _v‡K| GRb¨B AvYweK fi evovi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zvi Av`k© AvPiY n‡Z µgvš^‡q wePz¨Z n‡Z _v‡K| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. wbw`©ó IR‡bi GKwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi ÿgZv wbf©i K‡i Zvi †Kvb •ewk‡óï Dci? [MAT.2018-19;14-15] A. AvqZb B. ZvcgvÎv C. NbZ¡ D. Pvc mwVK DËi: B. ZvcgvÎv e¨vL¨v: Av`k© M¨v‡mi MwZkw³ ev ÿgZv = 3 2 RT; GLv‡b, 3 2 R = aªæeK| wbw`©ó IR‡bi Av`k© M¨v‡mi ÿgZv cig ZvcgvÎv (T) Gi Dci wbf©i K‡i| 02. ev¯Íe M¨vm e‡q‡ji m~Î †g‡b P‡j [MAT. 2015-16] A. wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq B. 0C ZvcgvÎvq C. Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq D. Lye D”P ZvcgvÎvq mwVK DËi: D. Lye D”P ZvcgvÎvq e¨vL¨v: wb¤œPv‡c †hgb- 1atm Pvc ev Zvi wb‡P Ges D”P ZvcgvÎvq ev¯Íe M¨vm mg~n †gvUvgywU Av`k© M¨v‡mi b¨vq AvPiY K‡i| 03. Zij ùwUK m¤ú‡K© wb‡gœi †KvbwU mwVK bq? [MAT: 2009-10] A. •Re †h․M B. AvYweK MV‡bi `yB cÖv‡šÍ †cvjvi MÖæc _v‡K C. Av‡jvK ag© cÖ`k©b K‡i D. ZvcgvÎv ms‡e`K wnmv‡e KvR K‡i mwVK DËi: B. AvYweK MV‡bi `yB cÖv‡šÍ †cvjvi MÖæc _v‡K e¨vL¨v: AvYweK MV‡bi GK cÖv‡šÍ †cvjvi MÖæc _v‡K 04. Av`k© I ev¯Íe M¨vm msµvšÍ wb‡gœi †Kvb Z_¨wU fyj? [MAT: 2008-09] A. N2, O2- Av`k© M¨vm B. H2, CO2- ev¯Íe M¨vm C. PV = nRT mgxKiYwU Av`k© M¨vm cy‡ivcywi AbymiY K‡i| D. PV = nRT mgxKiYwU ev¯Íe M¨vm cy‡ivcywi AbymiY K‡i bv| mwVK DËi: A. N2, O2- Av`k© M¨vm e¨vL¨v: ev¯Í‡e †Kvb Av`k© M¨vm †bB| myZivs cÖ‡kœi DË‡i Av`k© M¨vm D‡jøL _vK‡j Zv †evKv evbv‡bvi AccÖqvm Qvov Avi wKQyB bq|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 321 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 05. M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡ Abyhvqx Ab¨Zg ¯^xKvh© n‡jv AYy¸wji g‡a¨ msNl©¸wj- [MAT: 2000-01] A. AvswkK w¯ wZ¯ vcK B. m¤ú~Y© Aw¯ wZ¯ vcK C. M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡ n‡Z Pvj©‡mi m~Î cvIqv hvq bv D. m¤ú~Y© w¯ wZ¯ vcK mwVK DËi: D. m¤ú~Y© w¯ wZ¯ vcK e¨vL¨v: i. AYy I M¨vmvav‡ii ‡Ìqv‡ji g‡a¨ †Kvb AvKl©Y ev weKl©Y ej †bB| ii. ‡h †Kvb `ywU AYyi msN‡l©i gaëZ©x c_ mij‣iwLK| iii. msNl©mg~n w¯ wZ¯ vcK| DAT 01. `ywU M¨v‡mi Mo MwZkw³ KLb mgvb nq, hw`- [DAT. 2016-17] A. Pvc mgvb nq B. AvYweK fi mgvb nq C. ZvcgvÎv mgvb nq D. AvqZb mgvb nq mwVK DËi: C. ZvcgvÎv mgvb nq e¨vL¨v: Ek = 2 3 PV = 2 3 nRT Ek T CONCEPT 05 e¨vcb, Abye¨vcb Ges M¨vm ZijxKiY Item -01t e¨vcb I Abye¨vc‡bi Zzjbvg~jK imvqb: ‣ewkó¨ e¨vcb wbtmiY msÁvt D”P Nb‡Z¡i ¯ vb †_‡K wb¤œ Nb‡Z¡i ¯ v‡b †Kvb KwVb, Zij ev M¨vmxq c`v‡_©i ¯^Ztù~Z© I mgfv‡e cwie¨vß nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K e¨vcb e‡j| evwn¨K D”P Pv‡ci cÖfv‡e cv‡Îi miæ wQ`ªc‡_ †Kvb M¨v‡mi m‡Rv‡i GKgyLx †ei nIqv‡K wbtmiY e‡j| D`vniYt dz‡ji myMÜ I H2S M¨v‡mi `yM©Ü evZv‡m e¨vcb cÖwµqvq Qwo‡q c‡o| Mvoxi PvKvi wUD‡ei wQ`ª c‡_i wbtmiY cÖwµqvq evZvm †ei n‡q c‡o| wfwË ev KviYt c`v‡_©i KYv ev AYymg~‡ni ¯^Ztù~Z© PjvP‡ji Kvi‡Y e¨vcb cÖwµqv N‡U| M¨vm cv‡Îi I evB‡i Pv‡ci cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y wbtmiY cÖwµqv N‡U| cÖwµqvi cÖK…wZt e¨vcb nj mvaviYZ mgevqyPv‡c AYymg~‡ni ¯^Ztù~Z© gš i cÖwµqv wbtmiY nj AwaK Pv‡ci cÖfv‡e M¨vmxq `ªæZ cÖwµqv evqy Pvct e¨vc‡bi †ejvq M¨vm cv‡Îi †fZi I evB‡i GKB evqy Pvc _v‡K| wbtmi‡Yi †ejvq M¨vm cv‡Îi †fZi AwaK Pvc I evB‡i Kg Pvc ev f¨vKzqvg Ae¯ v _v‡K| e¨vcb I AYye¨vc‡bi K‡qKwU we‡kølYx `„óvšÍ: m~Î Abymv‡i ,AvYweK fi e¨vcb ev AYye¨vcb nv‡ii e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK A_©vr AvYweK fi hZ evo‡e e¨vcb ev AYye¨vcb nvi ZZ Kg‡e| AvYweK fi mgvb n‡j e¨vcb nvi mgvb n‡e| M 1 r bgybv cÖkœ-01: CO2, SO2, N2, O2- Gi g‡a¨ Kvi e¨vcb nvi me©wb¤œ? e¨vL¨v: CO2, SO2, N2, O2- Gi AvYweK fi h_vµ‡g 44, 62, 28, 32 A_©vr mvjdvi WvB A·vB‡Wi AvYweK fi m‡e©v”P e‡j Gi e¨vcb nvi me©wb¤œ| bgybv cÖkœ-02: CO2, SO2, N2O, O2- Gi g‡a¨ Kv‡ì e¨vcb nvi mgvb? e¨vL¨v: CO2, SO2, N2O, O2- Gi AvYweK fi h_vµ‡g 44, 62, 44, 32 A_©vr CO2 I N2O Gi AvYweK fi mgvb e‡j e¨vcb nvi mgvb| e¨vc‡bi m~‡Îi D”PZi eënvwiK cÖ‡qvMt (i) e¨vcb cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g M¨vm-wgkÖY †_‡K †Kv‡bv GKwU M¨vm c„_K Kiv‡K GU‡gvwjwmm ejv nq| (ii) Kqjv Lwb‡Z wg‡_b M¨v‡mi Dcw¯ wZ wbY©‡q eëüZ mZK©ZvÁvcK h‡š¿ CH4 M¨v‡mi e¨vcb ag© cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| (iii) 235U Øviv cvigvYweK †evgv •Zwi Kiv nq hv wn‡ivwkgvi Dci wbwÿß nq| cÖK…wZ‡Z BD‡iwbqv‡gi AvB‡mv‡Uvc U 0.7% 235 92 Ges U 99.3% 238 92 wgwkÖZ Ae¯ vq _v‡K| Z‡e cvigvYweK Pzjøx‡Z R¡vjvwb wn‡m‡e U 235 92 Gi eënvi ‡`Lv hvq| 6 235UF Gi e¨vc‡bi nvi 6 238UF Gi †P‡q 1.004288 ¸Y †ewk| Item- 02t ZvcgvÎv n«vm I Pvc e„w× K‡i M¨vm ZijxKiY Kiv nq| M¨vm Zijx KiY c×wZt 5wU cÖPwjZ c×wZ i‡q‡Q| h_v- wngwgkÖY cÖ‡qvM, Ryj _gmb cÖfve, wj‡Û c×wZ, K¬W c×wZ DØvqx Zij‡K ev®úxKiY Ryj _gmb cÖfv‡ei Kvh© c×wZ: (i) M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv n«vm Kiv (ii) nVvr e„nr AvqZ‡b m¤úªmviY cybivq Gfv‡e K‡qKevi GB c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki‡j M¨vm mwÜ ZvcgvÎvq †cu․‡Q Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| e¨vcb I Abye¨vc‡bi MvwYwZK mgxKiY GKB e¨vcb I wbtmi‡Yi †g․wjK ‡Kvb cv_©K¨ bvB cix¶vMv‡i e¨vcb nv‡ii Zzjbvq wbtmiY nvi wbY©q AwaK myweavRbK AvYweK fi wbY©‡q e¨vcb A‡c¶v AYye¨vcb cÖYvjxi cÖ‡qvM†ewk I e¨vcKZi †R‡b ivLv fvj :

322 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ZijxKi‡Yi Dcvqt 1| M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv n«vm K‡i| 2| M¨v‡mi Dci Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i| Zij M¨v‡mi eënvi : (i) wb¤œ ZvcgvÎv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Zij M¨vm e¨vcKfv‡e eëüZ nq| †hgb: Zij nvB‡Wªv‡Rb, Zij wnwjqvg BZ¨vw`| (ii) wngKviK wn‡m‡e Zij A¨v‡gvwbqv, SO2 I CO2 eëüZ nq| wngwgkª‡Yi ZvcgvÎvt wngwgkÖY c×wZ‡Z †h M¨vm ¸‡jv‡K Zijxf~Z Kiv hvq : SO2, H2S, NH3, C2H4, PH3 Item -03t M¨vm wmwjÛviRvZKi‡Y M¨vmm~‡Îi cÖ‡qvM : ZË¡ CNG LPG LNG 1. cwiPq I mshyw³ Compressd Natural Gas. G‡Z 95- 99% wg‡_b _v‡K| Liquefied Petroleum Gas. GwU †cÖv‡cb (25%) I weD‡Ub (75%) wgkÖY| Liquefied Natural Gas. 2. Drcv`b kZ kZ eQi a‡i f~-M‡f© Dw™¢`-cÖvYxi aŸsmve‡kl †_‡K M¨vm †ÿ‡Î mwÂZ nq| cv¤ú K‡i wb®‥vkb Kiv nq| µ¨vwKs Gi d‡j Drcbœ nq, GRb¨ G‡K Clean Fuel ejv nq| cÖvK…wZK M¨vm‡K evqyPv‡c -160C kxZj K‡i Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv nq| 3. kw³ 38MJm-3 (10.6kWhm-3 ) 94 MJm-3 (26.1 kWhm-3 ) 38 MJm-3 4. cwi‡ek mnvqK Kg Green house M¨vm wegy³ K‡i| ‡ewk CO2 wegy³ K‡i| cwi‡ek evÜe R¦vjvbx wnmv‡e eëüZ nq| 5. ‣ewkó¨ evqyi †P‡q nvjKv nIqvq Qwo‡q hvq e‡j Av¸b aivi SuzwK Kg| evqyi †P‡q fvwi nIqvq R‡g _v‡K ZvB Av¸b aivi SuzwK †ewk | cwi‡ek evÜe| we‡kl Z_¨: LNG Gi R¦vjvbx ¸Y CNG A‡cÿv 2.4 ¸Y †ewk| LPG wmwjÛv‡i 85% Zij I 15% AvqZb M¨vm _v‡K| †R‡b ivLv fv‡jv: (i) LNG, LPG MÜnxb ZvB wmwjÛv‡i fwZ©i mgq G‡ì mv‡_ mvgvb¨ cwigv‡Y Zxeª MÜhy³ gviK¨vcUvb †h․M (CH3SH ev C2H5SH) †hvM Kiv nq| (ii) evwYwR¨Kfv‡e evqyi ZijxKiY Ryj _gmb cÖfve cÖwµqvi Kiv nq| (iii) 200C ZvcgvÎvq Ges cÖvq 200 atm Pv‡c evqy‡K Zijxf~Z Kiv nq| Item -04t CNG †÷k‡b M¨vm †÷v‡iR (cascade) G ivLvi 4wU av‡c Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i Rgv Kiv nq1g avc 5 - 7 atm 3q avc 28 - 82 atm 2q avc 7 - 28 atm 4_© avc 82 - 220 atm Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-1t M¨vm ZijxKi‡Yi c×wZ¸‡jv wjL Dt Concept-5; Item-2 cÖkœ-2t LPG M¨vm wK? Dt 25% †cÖv‡cb +75% weD‡Ub cÖkœ-3t CNG M¨v‡mi ùzUbv¼ KZ? Dt1200C cÖkœ-4t Kg‡cÖmW b¨vPvivj M¨vm †KvbwU? Dt CNG (96-99%CH4) cÖkœ-5t weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb Gi Zij wgkªY‡K Kx e‡j? Dt LPG cÖkœ-6t Zi‡j cwiYZ n‡j e„w× cvq †Kvb ZvcgvÎv? Dt mwÜ ZvcgvÎv cÖkœ-7t‡Kvb c`v_©wU LPG M¨v‡mi mv‡_ fwZ© Kiv nq? Dt H2, He cÖkœ-8t M¨vm wmwjÛv‡i mvaviYZ †Kvb M¨vm fwZ© Kiv nq? Dt LPG cÖkœ-09t Ryj-_gmb cÖfve (Joule-Thomson effect) Kx? GB cÖfve eënvi K‡i wKfv‡e †Kv‡bv M¨vm‡K Zij (Liquification of gas) Kiv hvq? [JnU. 2019-20] Dt M¨vm‡K Zij Kivi Rb¨ mwÜ ZvcgvÎvq Avb‡Z nq, Zvi Rb¨ ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq| M¨vm‡K msKzwPZ Kivi ci nVvr e„nr AvqZ‡b m¤úªmviY Ki‡j M¨vmwUi ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq; G‡K Ryj _gmb cÖfve e‡j| Gi KviY n‡jv msKzwPZ Ae¯ vq M¨vm AYymg~n ci¯ú‡ii KvQvKvwQ _vKvq Zv‡ì g‡a¨ AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y ej weivR K‡i| m¤úªmvi‡Yi mgq M¨vm AYymg~n ci¯úi †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvIqvi mgq AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y e‡ji wecix‡Z KvR Ki‡Z nq| G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ M¨vm wbR †`n †_‡K †kvlb K‡i e‡j Ryj _gmb cÖfv‡e M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq| G cÖwµqv evi evi Ki‡Z _vK‡j M¨vm mwÜ ZvcgvÎvq †c․Qv‡j ZLb M¨vm‡K msKzwPZ Kiv n‡j M¨vm Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. Kve©b, bvB‡Uªv‡Rb I Aw·‡R‡bi cvigvYweK IRb h_vµ‡g 12, 14 I 16| wb‡Pi M¨vm ‡Rvov¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwUi e¨vcb nvi mgvb| [DU.2007-2008; CU. 2016-17] A. CO2 and NO2 B. CO2 and N2O C. CO2 and CO D. N2O and NO2 mwVK DËi: B. CO2 and N2O e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb, AvYweK fi mgvb n‡j e¨vcb nvi mgvb| GLv‡b, MCO2 =12+32=44, MCO = 12+16=28 NO2 M = 14+32=46, M N2O = 28+16=44 GLv‡b Kve©bWvB A·vBW I bvBUªvm A·vB‡Wi AvYweK fi mgvb| Kv‡RB e¨vcb nvi mgvb|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 323 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mZ¨? [DU. 2001-2002] A. chv©q mviYxi mKj †g․j cÖK„wZ‡Z cvIqv hvq B. †j․n‡K M¨vmxq Ae¯ vq iæcvšÍwiZ Kiv hvq bv C. 120° ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi Zij Ae¯ v Am¤¢e D. AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y ej Av‡Q e‡jB M¨v‡mi ZijxKiY m¤¢e mwVK DËi: D. e¨vL¨v: AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y Av‡Q e‡jB Nbxfeb kw³ e„w× †c‡q GKwU b~¨bZg gvb jvf K‡i Ges wewÿß G‡jv‡g‡jv ¯ vbvšÍi RwbZ MwZi d‡j KYv ¸‡jvi †h Zvckw³ nq Zvi gvb K‡g GKwU wbw`©ó gv‡b †c․Qvq| ZLb KYv¸‡jv GKxf~Z n‡q Zij Ae¯ vi m„wó K‡i A_©vr AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y Av‡Q e‡jB M¨v‡mi ZijxKiY m¤¢e| JnU 01. GKwU M¨vm‡K msKzwPZ K‡i nVvr m¤cÖmviY Ki‡j Kx N‡U? [JnU.2011-12] A. Pressure of gas is increased B.Temperature of gas is increased C. Temperature of gas is decreased D. None mwVK DËi: C. Temperature of gas is decreased e¨vL¨v: Item-2 Ryj-_gmb cÖfve 02. mvaviY Ae¯ vq nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨vm ZijxKi‡Yi ‡ÿ‡Î Ryj-_gmb cÖfve cÖ‡hvR¨ bq KviY- [JnU.2010-2011] A. GwU GKwU ¯ vqx M¨vm B. Gi msKU ZvcgvÎv Lye †ewk C. Gi Drµg ZvcgvÎvi gvb Lye Kg D. Gi Drµg ZvcgvÎv GLbI wbY©xZ nq wb mwVK DËi: C. Gi Drµg ZvcgvÎvi gvb Lye Kg e¨vL¨v: H2 Gi Drµg ZvcgvÎv n‡jv -80‡m.| G ZvcgvÎvi Dc‡i †M‡j H2 Gi †ÿ‡Î Ryj _gmb m¤úªmvi‡Y M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv n«vm bv †c‡q eis †e‡o hvq| M¨v‡mi †h ZvcgvÎvi c‡i ZvcgvÎv n«v‡mi cwie‡Z© e„w× cvq Zv‡K Drµg ZvcgvÎv e‡j| †R‡b ivLv fvj t wnwjqvg M¨vm ZijxKiYI nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi g‡Zv KwVb| JU 01. CNG wdwjs †÷k‡bi M¨vm Rgv‡bvi Cascade-G me©‡kl av‡c KZ atm Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq? [JU-D3.2017-18; BSMRSTU. 2019-20] A. 28 – 82 B. 82 – 220 C. 220 – 320 D. 120 – 150 mwVK DËi: B. 82 – 220 e¨vL¨v: CNG wdwjs †÷k‡bi M¨vm Rgv‡bvi Cascade G me©‡kl av‡c 82-220 atm Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| 1g av‡c 5-7 atm, 2q av‡c 7-28 atm, 3q av‡c 28-82 atm Ges 4_© av‡c ev me©‡kl av‡c 82-220 atm Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i cascade G M¨vm Rgv‡bv nq| 02. GKB kZ©vax‡b †Kvb M¨vmwU e¨vwcZ n‡Z AwaK mgq jv‡M- [JU-A. 2016-17, h.‡ev. 2017] A. SO2 B. CO2 C. HCl D. NH3 mwVK DËi: A. SO2 e¨vL¨v: MÖvnv‡gi e¨vcb m~Î n‡Z Avgiv Rvwb †Kvb M¨v‡mi e¨vcb nvi Gi AvbweK fi Gi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK| SO2 Gi AvYweK fi †ewk ZvB e¨vcb Kg| CU 01. cÖej Pv‡c iwÿZ CO2 M¨vm‡K †Kvb avZe b‡ji AwZ miæ wQ`ªc‡_ wbtmiY Ki‡j mv`v ï®‥ ei‡di `vbv cÖvwß †Kvb& cÖfv‡ei d‡j N‡U? [CU. 2011-2012,2005-2006] A. f¨vÛvi Iqvjm ej cÖfve B. Ryj-_g&mb cÖfve C. wewµqvi †eM cÖfve D. jv-k¨v‡Zwjqvi cÖfve E. MÖvnv‡gi M¨vm-e¨vcb cÖfve mwVK DËi: B. Ryj-_g&mb cÖfve e¨vL¨v: Ryj-_gmb cixÿvt weÁvbx Ryj I _gmb 1852-62 wLªóvã ch©šÍ wewfbœ cixÿv-wbixÿv n‡Z jÿ¨ K‡ib †h, †Kvb M¨vm‡K D”PPv‡c m¼zwPZ K‡i nVvr mw”Q`ª cøv‡Mi ga¨w`‡q cÖevwnZ K‡i wbgœPvc wewkó GKwU weivU eo K‡ÿ m¤úªmvwiZ n‡Z w`‡j M¨vmwUi ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq| G cÖwµqv‡K Ryj- _gmb cÖfve ejv nq| 02. evwn¨K Pv‡ci cÖfv‡e †Kvb miæ wQ`ª w`‡q †Kvb M¨v‡mi m‡Rv‡i wbM©gb‡K ejv nq- [CU. 2004-2005] A. ev®úvqb B. e¨vcb C. wbtmiY D. Am‡gvwmm mwVK DËi: C. wbtmiY 03. NH3 M¨v‡mi f¨vbWvi Iqvjm aªæe‡Ki gvb H2 M¨v‡mi H gv‡bi †P‡q- [CU. 2003-2004] A. †ewk B. mgvb C. Kg D. †KvbwU bq mwVK DËi: A. †ewk e¨vL¨v: AvYweK fi †ewk n‡j f¨vÛvi Iqvj&m aªæe‡Ki gvb †ewk nq KviY M¨v‡mi AvKl©Y †ewk nq| M 14 3 17,M 1 2 2 NH3 H 2 04. Ryj-_gmb cÖfv‡ei g~j KviY- [CU. 2001-2002] A. M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv B. M¨v‡mi MwZ‡eM C. M¨vmvYymg~‡ni cvi¯úwiK AvKl©Y D. M¨v‡mi Pvc mwVK DËi: C. M¨vmvYymg~‡ni cvi¯úwiK AvKl©Y e¨vL¨v: M¨vm AYymg~‡ni g‡a¨ AvKl©Y Av‡Q e‡jB Ryj-_gmb cÖfve KvR K‡i| KU 01. †KvbwU GjwcwR Gi cÖavb DcKiY? [KU. 2019-20] A. B‡_b I †cÖv‡cb B. weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb C. wg‡_b I B‡_b D. wg‡_b I weD‡Ub mwVK DËi: B. weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb e¨vL¨v: LPG M¨vm weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb Gi wgkÖ‡Y •Zwi| †R‡b ivLv fv‡jv : kxZKv‡j GB wgkÖ‡Y †cÖv‡c‡bi cwigvY Zzjbvg~jK †ewk †Ìqv nq| MÖx®§Kv‡j GB wgkÖ‡Y weD‡U‡bi cwigvY Zzjbvg~jK †ewk †Ìqv nq| 02. ivbœvi Kv‡R wmwjÛv‡i †KvbwU eëüZ nq? [KU-A. 2018-19] A. †c‡Uªvj B. †K‡ivwmb C. wg‡_b D. weD‡Ub mwVK DËi: D. weD‡Ub e¨vL¨v: ivbœvi Rb¨ eëüZ M¨vm wmwjÛv‡i 25% †cÖv‡cb I 75% weD‡Ub _v‡K| IU 01. M¨vm‡K msKzwPZ Kivi ci nVvr e„nr AvqZ‡b m¤úªmviY Ki‡j M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq, G‡K ejv nq- [IU. 2015-16] A. MÖxb nvDR M¨v‡mi cÖfve B. Ryj _gmb cÖfve C. AYye¨vcb D. UvBdzb mwVK DËi: B. Ryj _gmb cÖfve 02. cÖvß¯ v‡b †Kvb KwVb, Zij ev M¨vmxq e¯‧i ¯^Ztù~Z© I mgfv‡e cwie¨vß nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K ejv nq- [IU. 2014-15; 2013-14] A. wbtmiY B. e¨vcb C. AYye¨vcb D. AvMÖvmb mwVK DËi: B. e¨vcb 03. KZ ZvcgvÎvq evqy Zij nq? [IU. 2003-2004] A. -184°C B. -269°C C. 271°C D.-196.8°C mwVK DËi: B. -269°C STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. H2, O2, N2, CH4 Ges NH3 M¨v‡mi f¨vÛvi Iqvj&m aªæeK ‘a’ Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 0.24, 1.36, 1.39, 2.25 Ges 4.17 atms L2 mol–2 n‡j †Kvb M¨vmwU‡K mn‡R ZijxKiY Kiv hv‡e? [SUST-B. 2019-20] A. CH4 B. O2 C. N2 D. H2 E. NH3 mwVK DËi: E. NH3

324 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES e¨vL¨v: †h M¨v‡mi ‘a’ Gi gvb hZ †ewk| †m M¨v‡mi ZijxKiY ZZ Kg Pv‡c NUv‡bv m¤¢e| GLv‡b, NH3 Gi a Gi gvb me‡P‡q †ewk ZvB, NH3 ‡K mn‡R ZijxKiY Kiv hv‡e| 02. Ryj-_gmb cÖfv‡ei Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw³wU mwVK? [SUST-B.2017-18; BUET-2011-12, PSTU. 2017-18] A. M¨v‡mi AvqZb msKzwPZ nq B. M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq C. M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jvi g‡a¨ AvKl©Y e„w× cvq D. M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY kw³ n‡Z Zvc †kvlY K‡i mwVK DËi: D. M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY kw³ n‡Z Zvc †kvlY K‡i e¨vL¨v: M¨v‡mi AvqZb cÖmvwiZ nq, ZvcgvÎv n«vm cvq, M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jv cÖmvwiZ nIqvi cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ M¨vmwUi Af¨šÍixY kw³ n‡Z †kvwlZ nq| 03. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vm hyM‡ji †ÿ‡Î GKB ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c e¨vc‡bi nvi GKB nq? [SUST-B.2017-18; KU.2014-15] A. NO CO B. N2O CO2 C. H2 He D. CO2 CH2 = CH2 mwVK DËi: B. N2O CO2 e¨vL¨v: AvYweK fi mgvb n‡j e¨vcb nvi mgvb nq| N2O I CO2 Df‡qi AvYweK fi 44| BSMRSTU 01. CNG †÷k‡b eëüZ cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡m wg‡_‡bi cwigvY KZ? [BSMRSTU-A. 2019-20] A. 79% B. 88% C. 90% D. 96% mwVK DËi: D. 96% e¨vL¨v: CNG †÷k‡b eëüZ cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡m wg‡_‡bi cwigvY- 95-99% CNG M¨vm g~jZ MwVZ nq wg‡_b w`‡q GQvovI Zvi g‡a¨ wKQz cwigvY B‡_b, †cÖv‡cb Ges fvix nvB‡WªvKve©b _v‡K| ZvQvov wKQz cwigvY N2, O2, CO2, S BZ¨vw` †h․Mmg~n _v‡K| [Ref. nvRvix] 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwUi e¨vcb nvi me©vwaK? [BSMRSTU-H. 2019-20] A. CO B. NH3 C. CH4 D. N2 mwVK DËi: C. CH4 e¨vL¨v: r 1 M , e¨vcb nvi Gi mv‡_ AvYweK fi Gi e¨v¯ÍvbycvwZK GLv‡b CH4 me‡P‡q `ªæZ e¨vwß n‡e KviY Gi AvYweK fi me‡P‡q Kg| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. ZiwjZ cÖvK…wZK M¨vm wK‡m mg„×? [MAT. 2019-20] A. Propane B. Methane C. Hexane D. Butane mwVK DËi: B. Methane e¨vL¨v: cÖvK…wZK M¨vm †_‡K CO2, H2S I D”P AvYweK fiwewkó nvB‡WªvKve©bmg~n‡K AcmvwiZ K‡i g~jZ CH4 M¨vm‡K wb¤œZvcgvÎv 160C G kxZj K‡i Pv‡c Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv nq| G‡K ZiwjZ cÖvK…wZK M¨vm ev LNG e‡j| Gi K¨vjwiwdwjK gvb 94000 kJm3 | 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwU ivbœvi Rb¨ wmwjÛv‡i eëüZ nq? [DAT. 2019-20] A. wg‡_b I weD‡Ub B. B‡_b I wg‡_b C. wg‡_b I †cÖv‡cb D. weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb mwVK DËi: D. weD‡Ub I †cÖv‡cb e¨vL¨v: ivbœvi Pzwjø‡Z eëüZ M¨vm wmwjÛv‡ii L.P. M¨vm ev Zijxf~Z †c‡Uªvwjqvg M¨v‡m 25% †cÖv‡cb I 75% weD‡Ub _v‡K| 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbDwK¬qvi †÷k‡b R¡vjvwbiƒ‡c eëüZ nq? [MAT. 2014-15; JUST-C.2017-18] A. 236U B. 235U C. 238U D. 237U mwVK DËi: B. 235U DAT 01. cÖvK…wZK M¨vm‡K KZ ZvcgvÎvq kxZj Ki‡j LNG-†Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq? [DAT- 2018-19] A. +16C B. –160C C. –160R D. –150C mwVK DËi: B. –160C e¨vL¨v: cÖvK…wZK M¨vm‡K mvavib evqyPv‡c -160oC ev 113K ZvcgvÎv ch©šÍ kxZj Ki‡j GwUI Zi‡j cwiYZ nq| hv‡K Natural Gas ev LNG e‡j 02. LPG wmwjÛv‡ii wj‡KR kbv‡³i Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU eëüZ nq? [DAT- 2018-19] A. CH3OH B. CH5SH C. CHOH D. CH3SH mwVK DËi: D. CH3SH e¨vL¨v: LPG wmwjÛv‡ii wj‡KR n‡”Q wKbv Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ Zxeª MÜhy³ fvix gviK¨vcUvb †h․M CH3SH(M¨vm) A_ev C2H5SH(Zij) †hvM Kiv nq| 03. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwUi e¨vcb ÿgZv †ewk? [DAT. 2017-18, HSTU- 17-18, h. †ev. 2016, wm. †ev. 2015] A. †d¬vwib B. Aw·‡Rb C. wbqb D. †K¬vwib mwVK DËi: C. wbqb e¨vL¨v: ‡h M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi hZ †ewk Zvi e¨vcb nvi ZZ Kg| O2 - Gi AvYweK fi 32 F2 - Gi AvYweK fi 38 Ne - Gi AvYweK fi 20 Cl2 - Gi AvYweK fi 71 CONCEPT 06 eRªcv‡Zi mgq evqygÐ‡j msNwUZ wewµqv I gvwU‡Z bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb Type -01: Item -01: cÖvK…wZK cÖwµqvq gvwU‡Z bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb cÖwµqv : eRªcv‡Zi gva¨‡g bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb wewµqv : N2 + O2 eRªcvZ –––––––– 3000C 2NO O2 ––––––– 50-100C 2NO2 2H2O+O2 –––––––– 4HNO3 Drcbœ HNO3 gvwUi ÿviKxq CaO, CaCO3 Gi mv‡_ `ªeYxq NO3 – jeY wn‡m‡e gvwU‡Z wg‡k hvq| CaO(s) + 2HNO3(aq) ––– Ca(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l) CaCO3 + 2HNO3(aq) ––––Ca(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Item- 02: K…wÎg wd‡·kb: c×wZ kZ© wewµqv ‡nevi c×wZ T = 550C, P = 200atm, cÖfveK Fe N2 + 3H2 ‡j․nP~Y© –––––––––––– 500C 200atm 2NH3, H = – 92.3kJ/mol K¨vjwmqvg Kvev©B‡Wi mv‡_ eÜb T = 1000C CaC2 + N2 1000C ––––– CaNCN + C avZzi mv‡_ eÜb avZzt Mg, Al, Ca 3Mg + N2 – Mg3N2; 2Cl + N2 – 2ClN; 3Ca + N2 – Ca3N2 AvK© ev AmIqvì c×wZ T = 3000C N2+O2 ‣e`y¨wZK AvK© ––––––– 1000C 2NO O2 –– 2NO2; 4NO2+O2 + 2H2O–4HNO3

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 325 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item -03: ev‡qvjwRK¨vj bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb- (i) gUi, wkg, †Qvjv cÖf…wZ wj¸wgbvm RvZxq Dw™¢` wkK‡oi ¸wU‡Z emevmKvix wmgev‡qvwUK RxevYy evqyi N2 †kvlY K‡i| (ii) Gme e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K wbtm„Z gwje‡Wbvg avZz N2 †K weRvwiZ K‡i NH3 M¨vm I NH4 + Avq‡b cwiYZ nq| (iii) gvwUi Ab¨vb¨ e¨vK‡Uwiqv Øviv NH4 + Avqb RvwiZ n‡q cÖ_‡g NO2 – Avqb †k‡l NO3 – Avq‡b cwiYZ nq| (iv) Dw™¢` NO3 – Avqb †kvlY I weRvwiZ K‡i †cÖvwUb •Zwi K‡i| ‡cÖvwUb bvB‡Uªv‡mvdvBs e¨vK‡Uwiqv –––––––––––––––––NH3 bvB‡Uª‡gvbvm e¨vK‡Uwiqv (RviY) –––––––––––––––––– HNO2 bvBwUªdvBs e¨vK‡Uwiqv ––––––––––––––HNO3 CaO.CaCO3 –––––––––– Ca(NO3)2 bvB‡Uªv‡Rb Pµ: Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-1 : eRªcv‡Zi mgq evqygÛ‡j msNwUZ wewµqv wjL| bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·k‡b Gi f~wgKv Dc¯ vcb Ki| [JnU. 2019-20] DËi : eRªcv‡Z msNwVZ weµqv : eRªe„wói mgq we`y¨r ÿi‡Yi d‡i m„ó 3000°C ZvcgvÎvq evqy¯  N2 Ges O2 hy³ n‡q bvBwUªK A·vBW (NO) MwVZ nq| GQvov D”PZvc `nb B‡jKwUªK cvIqvi cø¨v‡›U, hvbevnb BwÄ‡b, †cøb BwÄ‡b R¡vjvwb `n‡b I we`y¨r ÿi‡Y m„ó ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z NO M¨vm Drcbœ nq| c‡i H NO M¨vm 50°C ZvcgvÎvq AwaK Aw·‡R‡bi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q A¤øag©x NO2 M¨vm Ges †k‡l e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqvq HNO3 GwmW MVb K‡i| N2(g) + O2(g) we`y¨r ÿiY ––––––– 3000°C 2NO(g); 2NO(g) + O2(g) 50°C –––– 2NO2(g); 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4NHO3(aq) bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·k‡b Gi f~wgKv : Drcbœ HNO3 e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ gvwU‡Z c‡o Ges gvwUi ÿviKxq c`v_© Pzb I CaCO3 Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i `ªeYxq bvB‡UªU jeY Drcbœ K‡i Ges gvwU‡Z wg‡k hvq| GwU n‡jv cÖvK…wZK cÖwµqvq gvwU‡Z N-wd‡·kb| CaO(s) + 2HNO3(aq) Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + H2O(l). cÖkœ-2 : eRªcv‡Zi gva¨‡g bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb wewµqvwU wjL| DËi: Concept-6; Item-1 cÖkœ-3 : Dw™¢` g~‡ji mvnv‡h¨ wKfv‡e BDwiqv mvi MÖnY K‡i? DËi : Dw™¢` g~‡ji mvnv‡h¨ BDwiqv mvi‡K bvB‡UªU jeY (NO3) – Ges bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mvi wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i| cÖkœ-4 : BDwiqv mvi •Zwi‡Z cÖvK…wZK M¨vm †_‡K Kxfv‡e NH3 Synthesis Kiv nq| DËi : (i) BDwi‡qR GbRvBg BDwiqv mvi‡K gvwU‡Z wgk‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| (ii) BDwiqv mvi •Zwi‡Z cÖvK…wZK M¨vm †_‡K NH3 Synthesis Kiv nq| REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. Dw™¢` g~‡ji mvnv‡h¨ BDwiqv mvi Kx Ae¯ vq †kvlY K‡i? [DU-Ka.2016-17] A. H2NCONH2 B. NH4OH C. NO3 - salt D. NO2 salt mwVK DËi: C. NO3 - salt e¨vL¨v: eRªcv‡Zi gva¨‡g bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb wewµqvt N2+O2 we`y¨r¶iY –––––– 3000C 2NO O2 –––––– 50-100C 2NO2 2H2O+O2 –––––––4HNO3 Drcbœ HNO3 gvwUi ÿviKxq CaO, CaCO3 Gi mv‡_ `ªeYxq NO3 – jeY wn‡m‡e gvwU‡Z wg‡k hvq|Dw™¢` g~‡ji mvnv‡h¨ BDwiqv mvi‡K bvB‡UªU jeY I bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mvi wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i| mivmwi e¨vK‡Uwiqvi gva¨‡gÑ wewfbœ wmgev‡qvwUK e¨vK‡Uwiqvi (gUi, wmg, †Qvjv Dw™¢‡`) gva¨‡g bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wd‡·kb N‡U| 02. BDwiqv mvi •Zwi‡Z cÖvK…wZK M¨vm †hfv‡e e¨eüZ nq [DU-Ka. 2014-15] A. As a fuel B. For synthesis of NH3 C. NH 4 D. CH 3 mwVK DËi: B. For synthesis of NH3 e¨vL¨v: BDwiqv mvi •Zwii mgq cÖvK…wZK M¨vm n‡Z H2 Drcbœ nq Ges evqy‡K –196C ZvcgvÎvq cvZb Ki‡j N2 c„_K nq| Drcbœ N2 I H2 M¨vm 1:3 Abycv‡Z 200atm Pv‡c 550C ZvcgvÎvq †nevi c×wZ‡Z NH3 †Z cwiYZ nq| CH4 (cÖvK…wZK M¨vm) 1100C –––––C + 2H2 , evqy –196C ––––––––– AvswkK cvZb N2; N2 + 3H2 2NH3, H = –92.2kJ/mol JnU 01. 2NO + O2 ––––– 50C X; X Kx n‡e? [JnU.2013-14] A. HNO3 B. 2NO2 C. NO3 D. N2O5 mwVK DËi: B. 2NO2 02. O2 n‡Z O3 cvIqvi kZ© Kx? [JnU. 2011-12] A. we`y¨r ÿiY B. Zvc C. Av‡jv D. Pvc mwVK DËi: A. we`y¨r ÿiY e¨vL¨v: WvBAw·‡Rb (O2) nj Aw·‡R‡bi ¯ vqx I mvaviY iƒc Ges UªvB Aw·‡Rb (O3) nj GKwU M¨vm ev Kg ¯ vqx I cÖK…wZ‡Z Kg cvIqv hvq| 3O2 (g) 2O3(g); H = 142 KJ/mol (O3 Gi) Aw·‡Rb (O2) kw³‡kvlY K‡i I‡Rvb M¨v‡m cwiYZ nq| wKš‧ I‡Rvb (O3) ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e we‡qvwRZ n‡q Aw·‡Rb Drcbœ K‡i| 550 0C, 200atm Fe cÖfveK

326 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES JU 01. Dw™¢‡` N2 †kvwlZ nq †Kvb Ae¯ vq? [JU-D: 2019-20] A. NO3 – B. NO2 – C. NH + 4 D. meKqwU mwVK DËi: A. NO3 – 02. A¨v‡gvwbqv †_‡K bvBUªvBU ZrcieZ©x bvB‡Uª‡Ui iƒcvšÍi‡K ejv nqÑ [JU-D. 2019-20] A. bvBwUªwd‡Kkb B. G‡gvwbwd‡Kkb C. Gwmwg‡jkb D. wWbvBwUªwd‡Kkb mwVK DËi: A. bvBwUªwd‡Kkb 03. N2 †_‡K bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm KgcvD‡Û iƒcvšÍi nj- [JU-D, Set-A. 2019-20] A. N2 A¨vwmwg‡jkb B. N2 wd‡·kb C. wWbvBwUªwd‡Kkb D. bvBwUªwd‡Kkb mwVK DËi: B. N2 wd‡·kb e¨vL¨v: N2 wd‡·kb: N2 + 3H2 2NH4 + 2NH3 bvBwUªwd‡Kkb- NH3 NO2 NO3 wWbvBwUªwd‡Kkb- NO3 NO2 NO N2O N2 04. †KvbwU meyR Dw™¢‡ì Rb¨ N2 Gi cÖavb Drm? [JU-D, Set-Q. 2019-20] A. evqy¯  bvB‡Uªv‡Rb B. bvB‡UªU C. G‡gvwbqvg jeY D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: A. evqy¯  bvB‡Uªv‡Rb e¨vL¨v: evqy¯  bvB‡Uªv‡Rb gvwU‡Z wg‡k hv bvB‡UªU je‡Yi gva¨‡g AwaKvsk meyR Dw™¢` bvB‡Uªv‡Rb MÖnY K‡i| wj¸wgbvm RvZxq (gUi, wkg, †Qvjv) Dw™¢` mivmwi bvB‡Uªv‡Rb MÖnY K‡i| ZvB ejv hvq bvB‡UªUB bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi cÖavb Drm wKš‧ bvB‡UªU Av‡m evqy¯  bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †_‡K| 05. HNO3 Drcv`‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖfveK wnmv‡e KvR K‡i? [JU.2014-15,RU. 2007-2008] A. Ni B. Pt C. Mo D. Fe mwVK DËi: B. Pt 06. N2 + O2 we`y¨r¶iY –––––– 2NO; wewµqvq KZ ZvcgvÎv eëüZ nq? [JU.2014-15] A. 300°C B. 3000°C C. 3500°C D. 3800°C mwVK DËi: B. 3000°C CU 01 ‡nevi cÖYvwj‡Z KZ Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq? [CU. 2014-2015] A. 100atm B. 150atm C. 200atm D. 240atm mwVK DËi: C. 200atm e¨vL¨v: weï× N2 I H2 ‡K 1t3 Abycv‡Z wgwkÖZ K‡i 200atm Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i cÖfveK Avqib P~Y© I cÖfveK mnvqK Mo Gi Dcw¯ wZ‡Z 550°C ZvcgvÎvq DËß Ki‡j N2 I H2 wewµqv K‡i NH3 Drcbœ nq| KU 01. e„wói mgq eRªcv‡Zi d‡j gvwU‡Z †Kvb je‡Yi cwigvY e„w× cvq? [KU. 2019-20] A. Cl B. NO3 C. OH D. SO4 2 mwVK DËi: B. NO3 e¨vL¨v: we`y¨rÿi‡Y N2 I O2 hy³ n‡q NO Drcbœ K‡i| c‡i NO Aw·‡R‡bi mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡q A¤øxq NO2 Drcbœ K‡i| cwi‡k‡l NO2 e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i HNO3 Drcbœ K‡i| GB HNO3 f~-c„‡ôi CaO Ges CaCO3 mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i `ªeYxq K¨vjwmqvg bvB‡UªU [Ca(NO3)2] Drcbœ K‡i| d‡j bvB‡UªU Gi je‡bi cwigvY e„w× cvq| CoU 01. HNO3 e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wg‡k gvwU‡Z Av‡m Ges gvwUi †Kvb ÿviKxq c`v‡_©i mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i `ªeYxq bvB‡UªU jeY wn‡m‡e gvwU‡Z wg‡k? [CoU.2015-16] A. CaC B. CaO C. NH4Cl D. NO2 mwVK DËi: B. CaO IU 01. eRªcv‡Zi mgq ZvcgvÎv Drcbœ nq- [IU-D. 2016-17] A. cÖvq 3000°C B. cÖvq 2000°C C. cÖvq 1000°C D. cÖvq 5000°C mwVK DËi: A. cÖvq 3000C STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. Dw™¢` wKfv‡e mivmwi evqygÛjxq bvB‡Uªv‡Rb MÖnY K‡i _v‡K? [JUST. 11-12] A. wmgev‡qvwUK e¨vK‡Uwiqvi gva¨‡g B. mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqvq C. cvZvi i‡Ü«i gva¨‡g D. e„wói gva¨‡g mwVK DËi: A. wmgev‡qvwUK e¨vK‡Uwiqvi gva¨‡g e¨vL¨v: wmgev‡qvwUK bv‡g GK ai‡bi AM©vwbRg wkg, gUi, †Qvjv I jZvcvZv RvZxq Dw™¢‡` emevm K‡i Ges Dw™¢` †_‡K kw³ MÖnY K‡i I Dw™¢‡ì wkK‡o wb‡R‡ì mshy³ K‡i| A¨vKwU‡bvgvB‡mU MÖæ‡ci e¨vK‡Uwiqv GKB KvR K‡i| BSMRSTU 02. evK©j¨vÛ AvBW c×wZ‡Z bvBwUªK GwmW cvIqv hvq kZKiv- [BSMRSTU-C.2017-18] A. 99.8% B. 90.5% C. 95.6% D. 99.9% mwVK DËi: A. 99.8% e¨vL¨v: evK©j¨vÛ- AvBW c×wZ‡Z 30% HNO3 Drcbœ nq| c‡i G‡K Mvp H2SO4 mn wb¤œPv‡c cvZb Ki‡j 98% HNO3 cvIqv hvq| hvi g‡a¨ CO2 M¨vm Pvjbv K‡i NO2 AcmvwiZ K‡i we‡kvab Kiv n‡j 99.8% weï× HNO3 cvIqv hvq| STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. eRªcv‡Zi d‡j msNwUZ wewµqvmg~n wjL Ges †`LvI wKfv‡e Bnv Dw™¢R I cÖvwYR †cÖvwUb •Zwi‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| [BUET. 2018-19] mwVK DËi: eRªcv‡Z: N2 + O2 2NO RviY: 2NO + O2 2NO2 cvwb‡Z †kvlY: 2NO2 + 1 2 O2 + H2O = 2HNO3 gvwU‡Z cÖkgb: CaCO3 + 2HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O BUTex 01. BDwiqv mvi‡K gvwU‡Z wgk‡Z †Kvb GbRvBg mvnv‡h¨ K‡i? [BUTex-2016-17] A. BDwi‡qR B. Wvqv‡÷R C. Rvq‡gR D. g‡ëR mwVK DËi: A. BDwi‡qR e¨vL¨v: H2N-CO-NH2 Urease NH 3 NH 4 NO 3 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. GK AvqZb bvB‡Uªv‡Rb I wZb AvqZb nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨vm wb‡q †mLv‡b we`y¨r ùzwj½ NUv‡j wb‡gœi KZ kZvsk (%) A¨v‡gvwbqv M¨v‡m cwiYZ nq? [MAT.2010-11] A. 93 B. 70 C. 7 D. 30 mwVK DËi: C. 7 02. 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) Pt 900°C –––––––– 4NO(g) + 6H2O (ev®ú) GwU Kvi cÖYvwj? A. AvK© B. ‡nevi C. AmIqvì D. ‡nm mwVK DËi: C. AmIqvì 50-100C 3000C Ca(NO3)2 wkK‡oi mvnv‡h¨ Dw™¢‡ì MÖnY Dw™¢¾ ‡cÖvwUb Lv`¨ wnmv‡e cÖvYx MÖnY K‡i cÖvwYR ‡cÖvwUb

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 327 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CONCEPT 07 wk‡íi M¨vmxq eR©¨ I evqy`~lY m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv Item-01: cÖvBgvix I †m‡KÛvix `~lK: evqy `~lK cÖavbZ `yB cÖKvi †f․Z Ae¯ v Abymv‡i `~lK `yBiKg n‡Z cv‡i cÖvBgvix `~lK †m‡KÛvix `~lK M¨vmxq `~lK KYvRvZxq `~lK mivmwi cwi‡e‡k wg‡k hvq cÖvBgvix `~lK hy³ n‡q `~lY NUvq A‣Re M¨vmxq `~lK ‣Re M¨vmxq `~lK evjy, a~wjKYv, ‡auvqv. †avqv I Kzqvkvi wgkÖY, wewfbœ avZe cvwU©Kz‡jU a~wjKYv, QvB, ‡auvqv, SO2, CO2, CO, NH3, H2S, nvB‡WªvKve©b SO3, NO2, H2SO4, N2O5 , HNO3 ev®ú, PANs CO, CO2, NOx, NH3, H2S, SO2, H2SO4, HX nvB‡WªvKve©b, A¨vjwWnvBW, wK‡Uvb, A¨vwgb I A¨vj‡Kvnj PANs (cviAw· A¨vmvBj bvB‡UªU): DrcwË NO, cvigvYweK O2, cviA·vBW, NO2, O3 I wW‡Rj BwÄ‡b `nbhy³ nvB‡WªvKve©b I wewfbœ wd« †iwW‡Kj wg‡j PANs bvgK wgkÖ evqy `~lK m„wó nq| •ewkó¨ †fvi‡ejv wbPz AvKv‡k ev`vgx Kzqvkv¯Íi m„wó K‡i, G‡K Photo Chemical Smog e‡j| ÿwZKi cÖfve G Kzqvkvi ms¯ú‡k© bvK I †Pv‡L fxlb R¡vjv K‡i| Item-02: `~l‡Ki Drm: Drm M¨vmxq `~lK *** Zvc we`y¨r Drcv`b †K›`ª *** SOX, NOX, CO, CO2 GQvovI DošÍ QvB, A`nbK…Z Kve©b KYv, cvwU©Kz‡jU| ivmvqwbK wkí KviLvbv SOX,NOX,CO,CO2 , nvB‡WªvKve©b, H2S, NH3 , GwmW ev®ú, †d¬vivBW, A¨vjwWnvBW ‡avuqv Ges Hg, Pb, Cd. wkí cÖwµqvKiY SOX, NOX, CO, ‣Re `ªveK| †c‡Uªv ‡KwgK¨vj wkí nvB‡WªvKve©b, NOX, CO, CO2, NH3, A¨vjwWnvBW, gviK¨vcUvb, cvwU©Kz‡jU, ‡auvqv| K…wlR wkí SOX ‡K¬vwibhy³ KxUbvkK| mvi wkí NH3 , SOX, NOX, mv‡ii m~² KYv, GwmW ev®ú, ‡K¬vivBW, ‡auvqv, †d¬vivBW, dm‡dU| wm‡g›U wkí SOX, NOX, DošÍ QvB, m~² KYv, ‡avuqv| KvMR wkí Hg, H2S, mvjdvBW, gviK¨vcUvb, GwmW ev®ú| *** Pvgov wkí *** mvjdvBW, gviK¨vcUvb, †µvwgqvg, UviUvwiK GwmW| is wkí bvB‡Uªv‡ebwRb, A¨vwbwjb, wK¬bvi, Cr, Pb, Cd *** B‡Ui fvUv *** CO, SOX, NOX KxU I QÎvKbvkK Drcv`b KviLvbv As, Pb, Hg, Cd I‡qwìs, B‡jK‡Uªv‡cøwUs, XvjvB wkí Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cr, CO, SOX ‡U·UvBj ayjxKYv, cvUZzjv, ÿwZKi ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb ZvgvK wkí H2S, CO, SOX, NOX ‡iwd«Rv‡iUi wkí wmGdwm (CFC), ‡K¬vwib, ‡eªvwgb| ‡c․i cÖwZôv‡bi RÄvj `nb CO, CO2, SOX, NOX, NH3 M„n¯ vjx R¡vjvbx Kqjv, M¨vm, ‡K‡ivwmb CO, CO2, H2S Item- 03: evqy`~l‡Yi d‡j cwi‡e‡ki Dci wb¤œiƒc cÖfve c‡o: AvenvIqvi Ici cÖfve ¯^v‡¯ ¨i Ici cÖfve cwi‡e‡ki Ici cÖfve (i) wMÖb nvDR M¨v‡mi e„w×i Kvi‡Y f~- c„‡ôi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq| (ii) evqygÐ‡ji fvmgvb evqy`~lK mKv‡j I weKv‡j Kzuqvkv m„wó K‡i d‡j c_ Pjvi Amyweav nq| (i) evqygÐ‡j a~wjKYv e„w×i Rb¨ CO M¨v‡mi AwaK Dcw¯ wZ Gi Kvi‡Y i‡³ welwµqv N‡U| (ii) d‡Uv‡KwgK¨vj †¯§vM m„wó n‡j Zv bvK I †Pv‡L fxlY R¦vjv m„wó K‡i| (i) A¤øagx© †m‡KÛvix `~lK ‡hgb: SO3, H2SO4, NO2, N2O5 e„wói cvwb‡Z wg‡k GwmW e„wó NUvq| (ii) GwmW e„wói d‡j gvwU I Rjvkq pH gvb n«vm cvq d‡j Rjvkq gvQ I RjR Dw™¢` gviv hvq| cÖavb cÖavb `~l‡Ki gvÎvtÑ m~Î: WHO `~l‡Ki bvg mnbxq gvÎv/wbivc` m‡e©v”P gvÎv `~l‡Ki bvg mnbxq gvÎv/wbivc` m‡e©v”P gvÎv CO 0.15 ppm SO3 0.02 ppm CO2 300 – 350 ppm/350 ppm (Kwei) NO2 250 ppb SO2 0.05 ppm NO 350 ppb CH4 2.0 ppm H2S 0.00002 ppm

328 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES evqy `~l‡Ki Drm: 01. CO I CO2 Gi Drm: Kv‡jv Mvgv cwci evmv †_‡K †gvevBj wb‡q †M‡Q: Kv‡jv †KvjgvBb Mvgv M¨vm g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis cøv›U cwci †c‡Uªvwjqvg widvBbvwi evmv †_‡K eøv÷ dv‡b©m †gvevBj wb‡q †M‡Q Av‡UvgvevB‡ji eR©¨ M¨vm 02. `~lK SO2 I SO3 Drm: Zcyi †gvevB‡j cwci I mvwK‡ei †mjwdZcyi Zvc we`y¨r †K›`ª †gvevB‡j A‡Uv‡gvevB‡ji eR©¨ cwc I †ccvi g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis cøv›U mvwK‡ei mvjdvB‡Wi AvKwiK †_‡K avZz wb®‥vkb cøv›U †mjwd mvjwdDwiK GwmW cøv›U Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt wb‡Pi †h․M¸‡jv †_‡K cÖvBgvix evqy `~lK mbv³ Ki: NO2, CO, SO2, H2S, O3 [BUET. 2019-20] Dt cÖvBgvix `~lK : CO, SO2, H2S; †m‡KÛvix `~lK : NO2, O3 cÖkœt GKRb my¯  gvby‡li k¦vm cÖk¦v‡mi Rb¨ cÖwZw`b cÖvq Kx cwigvY evqyi cÖ‡qvRb? Dt 14 kg cÖkœt wk‡íi M¨vmxq eR©¨ †KvbwU? Dt SO2 , NO2 cÖkœt BDwiqv mvi Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î gaëZx© KuvPvgvj †KvbwU? Dt NH3 cÖkœt evqy‡Z Dcw¯ Z †jW gvbe‡`‡n cÖ‡ek K‡i Kx m„wó K‡i? Dt welwµqv| cÖkœt ‡KvbwU evqy‡Z AwZwi³ wg‡k †M‡j g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ n‡Z cv‡i? Dt NH3 cÖkœt bwKs †iv‡a eënvi Kiv nq †KvbwU? Dt Pb(C2H5 )4 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION CU 01. †Kvb M¨vmwU "photochemical smog" m„wói Rb¨ `vqx? [CU. 2019-20] A. CO B. CO2 C. H2O D. NOx mwVK DËi: D. NOx e¨vL¨v: m~‡h©i AwZ‡e¸wb (UV) iwk¥ evqygÛ‡ji bvB‡Uª‡Rb A·vBW (NO) Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i †h we‡kl ai‡bi ev`vwg †avqv •Zwi K‡i Zv‡K d‡UvK¨vwg‡Kj ¯§M e‡j| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION DAT 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwU k¦vmZ‡š¿ cÖ`vn m„wó K‡i? [DAT. 2019-20] A. CO B. CH4 C. SO2 D. CO2 mwVK DËi: C. SO2 e¨vL¨v: M¨vm cÖfve CO bxie NvZK M¨vm hv dzmdy‡mi gva¨‡g i‡³i wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q gvby‡li g„Zz¨ NUvq| CH4 MÖxb nvDm M¨vm hv cÖvK…wZK M¨v‡mi cÖavb Dcv`vb| SO2 bv‡K I †Pv‡L R¡vjv, k¦vmbvwj‡Z cÖ`vn Ges eª¼vBwUm I nuvcvwb †ivM m„wó K‡i| CO2 cÖavb MÖxb nvDm M¨vmiƒ‡c †Møvevj Iqvwg©s NUvq| CONCEPT 08 MÖxb nvDR M¨vm I I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿq Item- 01: MÖxb nvDR M¨vm : †h me M¨vm f~-c„‡ôi wewKwiZ IR iwk¥‡K †kvlY K‡i evqygÛ‡ji ZvcgvÎv e„w× K‡i, Zv‡ì‡K MÖxb nvDm M¨vm e‡j| MÖxb nvDR M¨v‡mi IR iwk¥ †kvl‡Yi kZ©: (i) †h me M¨v‡mi AYy‡Z wZbwU ev PviwU cigvYy hy³ _v‡K; †hgb CO2, CH4, CCl3F AYy Ges hv‡ì IR iwk¥ †kvlY ÿgZv _v‡K-Giv wMÖb nvDR M¨v‡mi f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i| (ii) Gme AYy‡Z eÜ‡b Ave× cigvYy‡Z K¤úb msL¨v (vibration frequency) Aek¨B f~-c„‡ôi wewKwiZ IR iwk¥i K¤úb mgvb n‡Z cv‡i| (iii) GQvov Gme AYy‡Z mn‡R cwieZ©bkxj WvB‡cvj †gv‡g›U _v‡K| evqygÐ‡ji CO2 I cvwb ev®ú (H2O) ‡cvjvi AYy nIqvi G‡ì C = O eÜb †cvjvi nq G‡ì WvB‡cvj ev wØ‡cvj †gv‡g›U mn‡R cwieZ©b N‡U| ZLb Giv wewKwiZ IR iwk¥ †kvlY K‡i ZvcgvÎv e„w× K‡i| we:`ª: N2, H2, O2 Gi MÖxb nvDR cÖfve †bB| wb‡Pi Q‡Ki gva¨‡g MÖxb nvDR M¨vm¸‡jvi Drm m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv: wMÖb nvDR M¨vm ZvcgvÎv e„w×‡Z f~wgKv CO2 Gi Zzjbvq wMÖb nvDR cÖfve/Zvc aviY ÿgZv Dr‡mi Z_¨ ev e¨vL¨v CO2 50% 1 ¸Y g~j MÖxb nvDR M¨vm| CO2 M¨v‡mi me‡P‡q eo Avavi mgy`ª| GUv‡K g~j KvjwcªU ejv nq| CH4 19% 25 ¸Y evqygÐ‡j wbwÿß M¨vm mwµq _v‡K cÖvq 11 eQi| O3 18% 10 ¸Y Uª‡cvwùqv‡i I‡Rvb M¨vm Ae¯ vb K‡i| CFC 16% 15000 ¸Y/ (15000-20000) ¸Y CFC ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqv‡ii I‡Rvb M¨vm‡K aŸsm K‡i Ges Uª‡cvwùqv‡i wMÖb nvDR M¨v‡mi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| wMÖb nvDR cÖfve m„wó‡Z Gi f~wgKv cÖvq 15–16% NOX 5% 270 ¸Y AwZ `ªæZMvgx G‡iv‡cøb n‡Z cÖPzi cwigvY NO M¨vm wbM©Z nq| Rjxq ev®ú 2% 5 ¸Y Kg (0.2 ¸Y)

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 329 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES wMÖb nvDR M¨vmmg~‡ni D`vniY: Kvwgbvi †Kv‡j Iw_ªKv Kve©b WvB A·vBW (CO2) wg wg‡_b (CH4) bvi bvB‡Uªv‡Rb A·vBW (NOX) †Kv‡j †K¬v‡iv‡d¬v‡iv Kve©b (CFC) Iw_ª O3 (I‡Rvb) Item -02: wMÖb nvDR cÖfvetÑ ZvcgvÎv e„w×t CO2 Gi e„w× Abymv‡i 2150 mv‡ji g‡a¨ c„w_exi ZvcgvÎv 3.8C evo‡e (IPCC)| cvwbP‡µi cwieZ©bt AwZe„wó I Abve„wói m„wó K‡i| ¯^v‡¯ ¨i Dci cÖfvet ZvcgvÎv e„w×i m‡½ g¨v‡jwiqv, †W½y, Gb‡K‡djvBwUm, cxZR¡i, nuvcvwb, GjvwR© cÖf„wZ ‡iv‡Mi cÖv`yf©ve evo‡e| c„w_exi wMÖb nvDR: evqygÐ‡ji f~c„ô msjMœ †nv‡gvwùqv‡i N2, O2, O3 AYyi mv‡_ CO2 I H2O AYy¸‡jv _v‡K| G †nv‡gvwùqvi AÂj‡K c„w_exi wMÖb nvDR e‡j| Item- 03: CFC wg‡_b I B‡_‡bi †d¬vwib I †K¬vwib RvZKmg~nB cÖavbZ CFC| CFC Gi c~Y©iƒc nj Chlorofluorocarbon. evwYwR¨Kfv‡e Giv wd«qbm bv‡g cwiwPZ| G¸‡jv wbgœ Mjbv¼ I ùzUbv¼ wewkó, MÜnxb, A`vn¨, wbw®…q cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq Ges Awelv³| CFC Gi ùzUbv¼ KÿZvcgvÎvi KvQvKvwQ d‡j Aí Pv‡c Zi‡j cwiYZ Kiv hvq| CFC –11 (CFCl3)–– ùzUbv¼ 24C, CFC–12(CF2Cl2)–– ùzUbv¼ 30C CFC–12 Gi Drcv`b wewµqvt CCl4 + 2HF SbCl5 –––– CCl2F2 + HCl CFC–11 I CFC–12 GK‡Î Drcv`b wewµqvt 2CCl4 + 3HF (C+FeCl2) ––––––– 300C CF2Cl2 + CFCl3 + 3HCl CFC Gi bvgKiYt CFC Gi MvwYwZK gv‡bi mv‡_ 90 †hvM K‡i wZb AsK wewkó msL¨v evbv‡Z n‡e| Gici cÖ_g AsK‡K C, 2q AsK‡K H Ges 3q AsK‡K F ai‡Z n‡e| Kve©‡bi Aewkó nvZ Cl Øviv c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡jB CFC Gi ms‡KZ ‣Zwi n‡q hv‡e| wd«qb m~Î cÖ‡qvM AsK web¨vm ms‡KZ MVb Freon–11 11+90=101 C H F Cl Cl C F Cl Cl (CCl3F) 1 0 1 3 Freon–12 12+90=102 C H F Cl F C Cl F Cl (CCl2F2 ) 1 0 2 2 Freon–114 114+90=204 C H F Cl F C C Cl F F (C2F4Cl2 ) F Cl 2 0 4 2 AvYweK ms‡KZ †_‡K CFC ev Freon code wbY©q: g‡b ivL‡e IUPAC bxwZ Abymv‡i CFC ev Freon Gi †UªW bv‡gi c‡i m‡e©v”P 3 wWwR‡Ui GKUv code _v‡K, CFC-abc Giƒc| †h‡Kv‡bv CFC ev HCFC †h․M‡K CaHbFcClx Gfv‡e cÖKvk Kiv nq| GLv‡b, a = C cigvYy msL¨v ;b = H cigvYy msL¨v ;c = F cigvYy msL¨v CFC/Freon code †ei Kivi Dcvq: Step-01: CaHbFcClx Giƒc ms‡KZ †_‡K a, b, c Gi gvb wb‡q, abc AvKv‡i GKwU msL¨v evbv‡bv| †mB msL¨v‡Z cÖ_‡g C msL¨v, H msL¨v I †k‡l F msL¨v| Step-02: CFC code = abc 90 Real Example: CHF2Cl †h․‡Mi CFC code †ei K‡iv? Solve: a = Kve©b msL¨v = 1; b = H msL¨v = 1; c = F msL¨v = 2 ; CHF2Cl Gi CFC code = 112 90 = 22 CHF2Cl = CFC 22 Q2. FC2HCl4 Gi CFC code †ei K‡iv? Solve: C2HFCl4 GLv‡b, a = 2; b = 1; c = 1 CFC code = 211 90 = 121 C2HFCl4 = CFC 121 CFC M¨v‡m Cl msL¨v wbY©q = (2d + 2 e f) ; GLv‡b, 90 + CFC Nuber (abc) = def †hgb- Freon-14, Gi Cl msL¨v KqwU? 90 + 14 = 104, d = 1, e = 0, f = 4 ; Cl msL¨v = (2.1 + 204) Cl msL¨v = 0

330 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CFC Gi K‡qKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ eënvi Ñ Zij cÖmvabxi †¯cÖ KxUbvkK I †cvKvgvKo `g‡bi `ªveK B‡jKUªwbK hš¿cvwZ cwi®‥viK Lv`¨ `ªe¨ msiÿ‡Y I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿq‡iv‡a CFC Gi weKí wn‡m‡e nvB‡Wªvn¨v‡jv A¨vj‡Kb RvZxq †h․M eënvi Kivi cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡”Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ nvB‡Wªv‡K¬v‡iv†d¬v‡ivKve©b A_ev nvB‡Wªv‡K¬v‡iv Kve©b Ab¨Zg| G ai‡bi †h․M¸‡jvi g‡a¨ HCFC–22 , (CHClF2), HCFC–142 (CH3–CClF2), HCFC–134 (ClCHF–CF3) Ges HCFC–152 (ClCH2–CHF2) CFC Gi weKí wn‡m‡e HCFC eënvi Kiv nq KviY HCFC ÷ª¨v‡Uvwùqv‡i wM‡q I‡Rvb aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ Cl cigvYy Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖwZwU †K¬vwib wd«-‡iwWK¨vj (Cl) cÖvq 1 jÿ I‡Rvb AYy aŸsm K‡i| CFC QvovI n¨v‡jv‡Rbmg~n (n¨v‡jvKve©b), N2O, NO, CH4 I‡Rvb¯Íi aŸs‡m mivmwi AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡K| eëüZ CFC eZ©gv‡b eëüZ HCFC eënv‡ii †ÿÎ Freon-11, 12, 13, 133 BZ¨vw` HCFC (CHF3), HFC–143a (CF3CFH2) †iwd«Rv‡iUi I kxZZvc wbqwš¿Z eënv‡ii h‡š¿ kxZKvjxb e¯Í wn‡m‡e Freon-14 HFC-134a wPwKrmv †ÿ‡Î eëüZ A¨v‡ivm‡j †cÖvwcj¨v›U wn‡m‡e Freon-11,13 HFC-245a ‡dvg RvZxq Dcv`vb †dvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Freon-11,13 - `ªveK, cwi®‥viK I Pwe© AcmviK wn‡m‡e Item- 04: I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿqt I‡Rvb¯Íi‡K c„w_exi QvZv ejv nq| I‡Rvb¯Íi aŸs‡mi Rb¨ cÖavb `vqx M¨vm CFC CFC, Cl wd«-‡iwWK¨vj •Zix Kivi gva¨‡g I‡Rvb ¯Íi aŸsm K‡i| I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿ‡qi cÖfvet I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿ‡qi d‡j †h UV iwk¥ c„w_ex‡Z Av‡m Zv w¯‥b K¨vÝv‡ii Rb¨ A‡bKvs‡k `vqx| G iwk¥i cÖfv‡e gvby‡li ¯^vfvweK †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv n«vm, k¦vmbvjxi cÖ`vn, eªsKvBwUm I dzmdy‡mi wewfbœ †ivM nq| UV iwk¥i cÖfv‡e mv‡jvK ms‡kølY e¨vnZ nq Ges Lv`¨k‡m¨ †ZRw¯…qZv †`Lv †`q| UV iwk¥ mivmwi c„w_ex‡Z Av‡m G‡Z c„w_exi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cv‡e| GK evqygÛjxq Pv‡c 0.01 mm cyiæ I‡Rvb M¨v‡mi NbZ¡‡K GK Wemb GKK (1DU) ejv nq| AÂj‡f‡` I‡Rv‡bi NbZ¡: AÂj I‡Rv‡bi NbZ¡ bvwZkx‡Zvò 350 DU µvšÍxq 250 DU Dc‡giæ 450 DU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K‡qKwU eënvit bvg ivmvqwbK bvg ms‡KZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨ ev eënvi cvBwib Kve©b †UUªv †K¬vivBW CCl4 DËg `ªveK I †cvKvgvKo aŸs‡m eëüZ nq| BCF WvB-‡eªv‡gv †K¬v‡iv †d¬v‡iv wg‡_b CBr2ClF DËg AwMœÑwbev©cK| ‡d¬v‡_b 2 ‡eªv‡gv 2 †K¬v‡iv UªvB †d¬v‡iv B‡_b CF3CHBrCl ‡K¬v‡ivd‡g©i cwie‡Z© †PZbvbvkKiƒ‡c eëüZ nq| I‡q÷ªb A¨vwmwUwjb †UUªv †K¬vivBW CHCl2–CHCl2 ivevi, evwb©k, †cB›U, †Zj I Pwe©i `ªveKiƒ‡c eëüZ nq| I‡q‡÷ªvmj UªvB‡K¬v‡iv Bw_wjb CHCCl3 WªvB Iqvwks G‡R›U iƒ‡c eëüZ nq| ‡R‡b ivLv fvj: cÖwZw`b cÖvq 350000 †gwUªKUb I‡Rvb m„wó I aŸsm nq| gw›Uªj cÖ‡UvKj nj CFC Gi eënvi bó Kiv| Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt wMÖb nvDR M¨v‡mi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ewk _v‡K †KvbwU? Dt CO2 cÖkœt CFC óª¨v‡Uvwùqv‡i †Kvb M¨vm‡K aŸsm K‡i? Dt O3 cÖkœt Gwm, wd«‡R eëüZ nq †KvbwU? Dt CFC cÖkœt G‡ivm‡ji ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb †KvbwU? Dt CFC cÖkœt I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿq‡iv‡a CFC Gi weKí wnmv‡e †Kvb RvZxq †h․‡Mi eënv‡ii cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡q‡Q? Dt nvB‡Wªvn¨v‡jv A¨vj‡Kb| cÖkœt CFC Gi †UªW bvg Kx? Dt wd«qb| cÖkœt CClF2-CClF2 †h․MwUi ms‡ÿc bvg Kx? Dt wd«qb- 144 cÖkœt I‡Rvb (O3) M¨vm †Kvb ¯Í‡i _v‡K? Dt ÷ª¨v‡Uvwõqv‡i| cÖkœt CFC I‡Rvb¯Íi‡K †f‡O Kx •Zwi K‡i? Dt wd«-i¨vwWK¨vj| cÖkœt CFC ej‡Z wK eyS? Freon-11 Ges Freon-12 cÖ¯‧wZi wewµqv wjL| [RUET. 2009-10] DËi: CFC- wg‡_b I B‡_‡bi †K¬v‡iv †d¬v‡iv D™¢~ZK †h․Mmg~n‡K e‡j CFC| Freon-11 cÖ¯‧Z: 2CCl4+3HF 300C –––––– (C+FeCl2) CFCl3 + wd«qb-11 CF2Cl2 + 3HCl Freon-12 cÖ¯‧wZ: CCl4 + 2HF SbCl5 ––––– CCl2F2 + 2HCl wd«qb-12 cÖkœt wb‡Pi †h․M¸‡jvi MvVwbK ms‡KZ wjL| Freon-11, Freon-12, Freon-114. [BUET. 2003-04] DËi: ClCCl Cl F FCCl Cl F ClCCCl F F F F Freon-11 Freon-12 Freon-114

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 331 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU I‡Rvb ¯Íi aŸs‡mi Rb¨ `vqx bq? [DU-Ka. 2015-16] A. UV-radiation B. CFC-12 C. –Cl D. CO mwVK DËi: D. CO JnU 01. wd«qb -11M¨v‡mi ms‡KZ wK? [JnU-A.2017-18, PUST. 2014-15] A. CF2Cl2 B. CCIF3 C. CFC13 D. CHFCl2 mwVK DËi: C. CFC13 JU 01. CFC M¨v‡mi RxebKvj KZ eQi? [JU-D. 2019-20] A. cÖvq 500 B. cÖvq 100 C. cÖvq 50 D. cÖvq 10 mwVK DËi: B. cÖvq 100 e¨vL¨v: CFC Gi weKí wn‡m‡e HCFC eëüZ nq| KviY CFC Gi RxebKvj cÖvq 100 eQi wKš‧ HCFC Gi RxeYKvj gvÎ 2-10 eQi 02. wm‡g›U wk‡íi †Kvb `~lK Rjxq ev®ú I Aw·‡R‡bi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i GwmW e„wó m„wó K‡i? [JU-D, Set-A. 2019-20] A. SO2 B. CaCO3 C. Ca(OH)2 D. CaO mwVK DËi: A. SO2 e¨vL¨v: SO2 + O2 SO3 ; SO3 + H2O (Rjxq ev®ú) H2SO4 03. †Møvevj Iqvwg©s Gi Rb¨ `vqx bq- [JU-D,Set-C: 18-19, IU-F,Set-B:18-19, wm.‡ev. 15] A. N2 B. CH4 C. N2O D. H2O vapour mwVK DËi: A. N2 e¨vL¨v: †Møvevj Iqvwg©s Gi Rb¨ MÖxb nvDR M¨vm mg~n `vqx| †h‡nZz N2 MÖxbnvDm M¨vm bq ZvB GwU †Møvevj Iqvwg©s Gi Rb¨ `vqx bq| 04. Rxevk¥ R¡vjvbx `n‡bi d‡j †Kvb MÖxb nvDR M¨vm me‡P‡q †ewk †e‡o hv‡”Q? [JU-A3.2017-18, e./iv. †ev. 2015, e./P./h. †ev. 2016] A. Rjxq ev®ú B. †K¬v‡iv †d¬v‡iv Kve©b C. Kve©b WvBA·vBW D. wg‡_b mwVK DËi: C. Kve©b WvBA·vBW e¨vL¨v: Rxevk¥ R¡vjvbx g~jZ nvB‡WªvKve©b| Avi GB nvB‡WªvKve©b‡K `nb Ki‡j cvIqv hvq CO2 I H2O 05. HCFC ‡h․‡Mi Avqy®‥vj KZ eQi? [JU-D1.2017-18] A. 2 - 10 B. 2 - 14 C. 2 - 8 D. 100 mwVK DËi: A. 2 - 10 e¨vL¨v: CFC Gi weKí wn‡m‡e HCFC eëüZ nq| KviY CFC Gi RxebKvj cÖvq 100 eQi wKš‧ HCFC Gi RxeYKvj gvÎ 2-10 eQi| 06. weMZ 50 eQ‡i •ewk¦K ZvcgvÎv KZ †e‡o‡Q? [JU-D5.2017-18] A. 0.2 °C B. 0.4 °C C. 0.6 °C D. 0.8 °C mwVK DËi: C. 0.6 °C e¨vL¨v: weMZ 50 eQ‡i 0.6C nv‡i †Møvevj ZvcgvÎv †e‡o‡Q| KviY 33% CO2 M¨v‡mi e„w× wewKwiZ IR iwk¥i Zvc AwaK cwigvb †kvlY K‡i‡Q| 07. wd«qb-114 Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU? [JU-D9.2017-18] A. F2ClC-CClF2 B. CFCl3 C. CF2Cl2 D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: A. F2ClC-CClF2 e¨vL¨v: CFC - 11 Gi ms‡KZ = CFCl3 CFC - 12 Gi ms‡KZ = CF2Cl2 CFC - 113 Gi ms‡KZ = CF2Cl-CFCl2 CFC - 114 Gi ms‡KZ = CClF2.CClF2 08. †Kvb wMÖbnvDm M¨vm ZvcgvÎv e„w×‡Z †ewk Ae`vb iv‡L? [JU. 2016-17] A. Kve©b WvB A·vBW B. wm Gd wm C. I‡Rvb D. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mwVK DËi: A. Kve©b WvB A·vBW e¨vL¨v: ZvcgvÎv e„w×t CO2 Gi e„w× Abymv‡i 2150 mv‡ji g‡a¨ c„w_exi ZvcgvÎv 3.8C evo‡e (IPCC)| 09. CFC-13 Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU? [JU-A. 2016-17] A. CHClF2 B. CF2Cl2 C. CF3Cl D. CFCl3 mwVK DËi: C. CF3Cl e¨vL¨v: Concept- 08, Item- 03 RU 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU G‡ivmj †¯úªi `ªveK wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq? [RU-F3.17-18] A. ‡K¬v‡ivdg© B. digvwjb C. wg_vbj D. wd«qb mwVK DËi: D. wd«qb e¨vL¨v: wd«qbmg~n MÜnxb, Awelv³, A`vn¨, cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq, wbw®…q, wb¤œ ùzUbv¼ wewkó, AwaK Pv‡c Zijxf~Z Ges Pvc n«v‡m ev‡®ú cwiYZ nq e‡j gkv, †cvKvgvKo, I wewfbœ cÖKvi KxUbvkK †hgb- G‡ivmj †¯úª •Zix‡Z Ges welv³ c`v‡_©i `ªveK I Jla wQUv‡bvi Kv‡R eëüZ nq| 02. I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿ‡qi Rb¨ †Kvb †h․MwU me‡P‡q †ewk `vqx? [RU-C.2016-17; CU.2009-10, JU-D. 2019-20] A. HFC B. CFC C. CH3Br D. NO mwVK DËi: B. CFC e¨vL¨v: CFC ‡_‡K Free Radical (Cl) m„wó nq hv I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿ‡qi Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk `vqx| 03. DËß c„w_exc„ô ‡_‡K AwZwi³ wewKwiZ Zv‡ci AcmviY‡K AvU‡K ‡Ìqvi ‡ÿ‡Î CO2 Gi f~wgKvi c‡iB i‡q‡Q- [RU.2013-2014] A. CO2 B. O2 C. N2 D. CH4 mwVK DËi: D. CH4 e¨vL¨v: DËß c„w_exc„ô ‡_‡K AwZwi³ wewKwiZ Zv‡ci AcmviY‡K AvU‡K †Ìqvi †ÿ‡Î CO2 Gi f~wgKvi c‡iB CH4 Gi Ae¯ vb| Rjvf~wg‡Z cPbkxj Dw™¢` e¨vK‡Uwiqvi cÖfv‡e wg‡_b M¨vm Drcbœ K‡i _v‡K| Mevw`cïi gjg~‡Îi cP‡bi d‡j I Ave× evqy‡Z g„Z RxeRš‧i cP‡bi d‡j wg‡_b M¨vm Drcbœ nq| 04. wb‡¤œi †Kvb&wU CFC bq? [RU.2011-2012] A. wd«qb-11 B. wd«qb-114 C. wd«qb-12 D. wd«qb-4 mwVK DËi: D. wd«qb-4 e¨vL¨v: GK AsK wewkó CFC nq bv| CU 01. ‡Kvb M¨vmwU MÖxb- nvDR cÖfv‡ei Rb¨ `vqx bq? [CU-A.2017-18] A. CFC gas B. Krypton gas C. CH4 gas D. CO2 gas mwVK DËi: B. Krypton gas e¨vL¨v: wMÖbnvDR M¨vm mg~n nj : CO2,CH4, N2O,CFC,O3 Rjxq ev®ú BZ¨vw`| 02. bx‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwU evqygÐ‡j ÒwMÖb nvDRÓ cÖfv‡ei Rb¨ `vqx? [CU-1. 2016-17; JU. 12-13, 13-14: JnU. 12-13; MBSTU. 2012-13] A.O2 B. N2 C. He D. CO2 E. Ar mwVK DËi: D. CO2 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU MÖxb nvDm M¨vm bq? [CU-F1.2016-17, wm. †ev. 2015] A. CH4 B. N2O C. H2O D. CFC E. Cl2 mwVK DËi: E. Cl2 04. ‘OZONE-HOLE’ •Zwi‡Z †KvbwUi †Kvb f~wgKv †bB? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. CO2 B. Free radicals C.CFC D. NO mwVK DËi: D. NO e¨vL¨v: NO MÖxb nvDR M¨vm bq| wKš‧ N2O MÖxb nvDR M¨vm|

332 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES KU 01. †Kvb fvix avZzi MÖxb nvDR M¨v‡mi RxebKvj Zzjbvg~jK `xN©? [KU. 19-20] A. As B. Cd C. Cr D. Pb mwVK DËi: D. Pb e¨vL¨v: †UUªvB_vB‡jW R¡vjvwb †Z‡ji A‡±b bv¤^vi evov‡Z eëüZ nq Ges evqyi mv‡_ wg‡k hvq| ZvB †jW Gi RxebKvj Zzjbvg~jK `xN©| 02. bx‡Pi †KvbwU CFC Gi weKí? [KU-A,Set-Kha:2018-19] A. Pentane B. Ammonium C. Methylene Chloride D. Hydrochlorofluro Carbon mwVK DËi: D. Hydrochlorofluoro Carbon. e¨vL¨v: CFC Gi weKí -Hydroclorofluoro Carbon (HCFC) 03. cwi‡ek webóKvix MÖxb nvDm cÖfv‡ei R‡b¨ †Kvb M¨vm `vqx? [KU.2009-2010, CU.2013-14] A. CO2 B. CFC C. bvBUªvm A·vBW D. me¸‡jv mwVK DËi: D. me¸‡jv CoU 01. nvB‡Wªvn¨v‡jv A¨vj‡Kb RvZxq c`v‡_© ‡Kvb eÜb _vKvi Kvi‡Y ÿwZKi Cl cigvYy Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv? [CoU.2013-2014] A. H – Cl B. H – C C. H – H D. Cl – Cl mwVK DËi: B. H – C IU 01. I‡Rvb ¯Í‡ii fvsMb NUvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU? [IU. 2012-13] A. NO B. NO2 C. Cl2 D. CCl2F2 mwVK DËi: D. CCl2F2 e¨vL¨v: I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿqKvix c`v‡_©i g‡a¨ CFC n‡jv cÖavb| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. †Kvb ‡h․MwU CFC Gi AšÍf~©³ bq? [SUST-B.2016-17] A. CFCI3 B. CF2CI2 C. CCIF2CCIF D. CF3CF3 E. CF3CCI3 mwVK DËi: D. CF3CF3 e¨vL¨v: CFC n‡”Q wg‡_b I B‡_‡bi †K¬v‡iv I ‡d¬v‡iv D™¢yZ RvZK wKš‧ CF3CF3 ‡h․‡M ïay B‡_‡b †døvwib Av‡Q †K¬vwib †bB ZvB GwU CFC bq| JUST 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU I‡Rvb¯Íi ÿqKvix bq? [JUST-B: 2019-20] A. CFCl3 B. CH4 C. SO4 D. N2O mwVK DËi: C. SO4 02. ‡K¬v‡iv‡d¬v‡iv Kve©b M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î bx‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK bq? [JUST-B.2017-18] A. MÜnxb B. A`vn¨ C. weï× cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq D. D”P MjbvsK mwVK DËi: D. D”P MjbvsK e¨vL¨v: wd«qb mg~n MÜnxb, Awelv³, A`vn¨, cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq, wbw®…q I wb¤œ ùzUbvsK wewkó| 03. CFC I‡Rvb¯Íi‡K †f‡O Kx •Zwi K‡i? [JUST.2013-14] A. UV iwk¥ B. wd«-i¨vwWK¨vj C. K¨vÝvi mnvqK ‡Kvl D. ATP mwVK DËi: B. wd«-i¨vwWK¨vj MBSTU 01. wMÖb nvDR M¨vm †KvbwU? [MBSTU-B. 2019-20] A. N2 B. COCl2 C. Rjxq ev®ú D. H2 mwVK DËi: C. Rjxq ev®ú 02. I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿ‡qi Rb¨ †Kvb M¨vmwU `vqx? [MBSTU. 2017-18, 2018-19 e. †ev. 2017] A. CH2FCl B. CF2Cl2 C. F2HC-CHCl2 D. CHFCl2 mwVK DËi: B. CF2Cl2 e¨vL¨v: I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿ‡qi Rb¨ CFCl3 I CF2Cl2 me‡P‡q †ewk `vqx| 03. 1800-1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨ c„w_exi Mo ZvcgvÎv KZ e„w× ‡c‡q‡Q? [MBST.2013-2014] A. 0.5°C B. 0.4°C C. 0.3°C D. 0.2°C mwVK DËi: B. 0.4°C e¨vL¨v: µgvMZ ZvcgvÎv e„w×i d‡j ‡Møvevj Iqvwg©s ïiæ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| 1800- 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨ c„w_exi Mo ZvcgvÎv cÖvq 0.4°C ‡e‡o‡Q| 1900-2000 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Mo ZvcgvÎv e„w× ‡c‡q‡Q cÖvq 1°C| G 100 eQi I‡Rvb¯Í‡ii ÿq n‡q‡Q cÖvq 3 fvM| BSMRSTU 01. ‡KvbwU wMÖb nvDm M¨vm bq? [BSMRSTU-B.2017-18] A. H2 B. CO2 C. CFC D. CH4 mwVK DËi: A. H2 02. wd«qb- 12 Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU-H.2017-18; MBSTU. 2019-20] A. CCl2F2 B. CCl3F C. CClF2-CClF2 D. CH3COCl mwVK DËi: A. CCl2F2 03. evqygÛ‡j MÖxb nvDR M¨vm bv _vK‡j f~c„‡ôi ZvcgvÎvÑ [BSMRSTU. 12-13] A. †e‡o †hZ B. 0C †_‡K AviI 18C wb‡P †b‡g †hZ C. w¯ i _vK‡Zv D. AwbwðZ Ae¯ vq coZ mwVK DËi: D. AwbwðZ Ae¯ vq coZ PUST 01. C2F4Cl2 †h․MwUi bvg wK? [PUST-A.2017-18] A. wd«qb-14 B. wd«qb-114 C.wd«qb-2 D. wd«qb- 11 mwVK DËi: B. wd«qb-114 e¨vL¨v: C2F4Cl2 - G C msL¨v- 2, H msL¨v- 0, F msL¨v- 4 wd«qb Gi b¤î = (204 - 90) = 114 C2F4Cl2 nj wd«qb - 114 HSTU 01. CFC I‡Rvb ¯Íi aŸsm K‡i wKfv‡e? [HSTU-B.2017-18] A. I‡Rvb AYy †f‡½ B. wd«i¨vwWK¨vj wewµqvq C. I‡Rvb †kvlY K‡i D. hyZ wewµqvq mwVK DËi: B. wd«-i¨vwWK¨vj wewµqvq e¨vL¨v: m~h© †_‡K Avmv AwZe¸wb iwk¥ Øviv CFC mg~n wd«- i¨vwWK¨vj wewµqvi gva¨‡g evqygÐ‡ji I‡Rvb ¯Íi‡K †f‡½ Aw·‡R‡b cwiYZ K‡i| Gfv‡e I‡Rvb ¯Íi aŸsm nq| 02. CFC Gi †ejvq †KvbwU mwVK bq? [HSTU-D.2017-18] A. I‡Rvb ¯Íi bó K‡i B. cPb †iva K‡i C. wngvqK h‡š¿ eëüZ nq D. G‡ivmj †¯úª Gi `ªveK mwVK DËi: B. cPb †iva K‡i e¨vL¨v: 1) wewfbœ ai‡bi wngvqK (AC, wd«R, †iwd«Rv‡iUi cÖf…wZ) h‡š¿ eëüZ nq| 2) wkKj wewµqvi gva¨‡g I‡Rvb ¯Íi ÿq K‡i P‡j‡Q| 3) Zij cÖmvabx ‡¯úª wn‡m‡e cÖPzi cwigv‡Y eënvi Kiv nq| 03. MÖxb nvDR M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq †KvbwU? [HSTU-A.2017-18] A. CO2 M¨vm 49% B. CH4 M¨vm 18% C. CO M¨vm 16% D. CFC M¨vm 14% mwVK DËi: C. CO M¨vm 16% 04. CFCl3 A CFCl2 + Cl ; A =? [HSTU.2013-2014] A. Pt P~Y© B. Fe P~Y© C. h D. ZvcgvÎv mwVK DËi: C. h 05. †Kvb †h․M IRb ¯Í‡ii ÿwZKviK? [HSTU. 2011-12] A. CFC B. CCl4 C. COCl2 D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: A. CFC

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 333 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUTex 01. wMÖb nvDR M¨v‡m CFC Gi kZKiv cwigvY KZ? [BUTex.2011-2012; HSTU-D.17-18] A. 16% B. 6% C. 13% D. 14% mwVK DËi: D. 14% e¨vL¨v: wMÖbnvDR M¨v‡m CO2(49%), CH4(18%), CFC(14%), O3(8%) N2O(6%) Rjxq ev®ú (2%) _v‡K| Tex.Eng.Clg. 01. What is the percent of CFC in green house gas? [Tex.Eng.Clg. 2019-20] A. 16% B. 25% C. 56% D. 14% mwVK DËi: D. 14% e¨vL¨v: Relative participation of gases in green house effect: CO2 50%, CH4 18%, O3 12%, CFC 14% STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. MÖxb nvDR cÖfv‡ei Rb¨ †ekx `vqx M¨vm njÑ [MAT. 2019-20; JUST. 11-12] A. CO B. NO2 C. CH4 D. CO2 mwVK DËi: D. CO2 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wMÖb nvDR M¨vm bq? [MAT. 2014-15] A. CFC B. N2O C. N2 D. CH4 mwVK DËi: C. N2 e¨vL¨v: MÖxb nvDR M¨vmmg~n CO2, CFC, N2O, CH4 DAT 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb M¨vmwU evqygÐ‡ji ZvcgvÎv e„w×‡Z me‡P‡q †ewk f~wgKv iv‡L? [DAT. 2019-20; IU. 2013-14; e.†ev. 2015] A. CO2 B. NO2 C. NH3 D. CH4 mwVK DËi: A. CO2 CONCEPT 09 GwmW e„wó m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ Item -01: GwmW e„wói cÖv_wgK Z_¨: H2SO4 I HNO3 GwmW wgwkªZ e„wói cvwbi pH 5.6 Gi Kg n‡j Zv‡K GwmW e„wó ejv nq| GwmW e„wó‡Z me †_‡K †ewk f~wgKv iv‡L H2SO4(60–65%), Zvici HNO3 (30-35%), me‡P‡q Kg f~wgKv iv‡L HCl| GwmW e„wói Rb¨ `vqx M¨vm NOx, SOx| eRªcv‡Zi mgq D”P ZvcgvÎvq evZv‡mi N2 I O2 wewµqv K‡i NOx Drcbœ K‡i hv e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wg‡k HNO3 Drcbœ K‡i| AMœy¨rcv‡Zi mgq cÖPzi cwigvY SO2 evqy‡Z wg‡k hvq| evqygÐ‡ji SO2 Gi cÖvq 67% cÖvK…wZK Dcv‡q m„ó| Item- 02: GwmW e„wói ÿwZKi cÖfve: gvwUi pH K‡g hvq d‡jÑ gvwUi De©iZv bó nq| AYyRxe aŸsm nq| mv‡jvKms‡kølY e¨vnZ nq Ges Mv‡Qi e„w× I †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv A‡bKvs‡k K‡g hvq| GwmW e„wói Kvi‡Y cvwbi pH n«vm cvq d‡jÑ gv‡Qi Lvevi dvB‡Uvcøv¼Ub I Ry‡qvcøv¼Ub Drcv`b n«vm cvq| gv‡Qi cÖRbb I wWg Drcv`b K‡g hvq| cvwbi A¤øZ¡ †ewk n‡j cvwb‡Z Al2(SO4)3 m„wó nq hv Al2O3 Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i Al3+ Drcbœ K‡i| Al3+ gv‡Qi k¦vmZš¿ AvµgY K‡i| d‡j gvQ Aw·‡Rb ¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y gviv hvq| GwmW e„wó gvby‡li Pzj I Z¡‡Ki ÿwZ K‡i| ZvQvov H2SO4 Ges HNO3 wgwkªZ cvwb MÖnY Ki‡j gvby‡li k¦vmhš¿, mœvqyZš¿ I cwicvK wµqv `viæYfv‡e e¨vnZ nq| GwmW e„wói cÖfv‡e wewfbœ HwZnvwmK ¯ vcbv, g©v‡ej cv_i wbwg©Z wewìs, ¯§„wZ‡m․a, fv¯‥h©, avZe †mZz cÖf„wZ e¨vcKfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯  nq| †÷vb K¨vÝvit GwmW e„wói d‡j g©v‡ej cv_‡i †h ÿ‡Zi m„wó nq Zv‡K †÷vb K¨vbmvi e‡j| HOT NEWS: FGD cøv›Ut SO2 M¨vm wgwkªZ d¬z-M¨vm‡K Pzbvcv_i ev Pz‡bi cvwbi wgkª‡Y Pvjbv K‡i SO2 †kvlY Kiv nq| G d¬z-M¨vm wWmvjdvivB‡Rkb ev FGD cø¨v›U e‡j| FGD cøv‡›U Drcbœ wRcmvg (CaSO4.2H2O) dry wall ‣Zix‡Z e¨eüZ nq| d¬z-M¨vm = H2S+SO2+SO3 Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt GKwU †KwgK¨vj BÛªvw÷ª‡Z Aew¯ Z d¬z M¨vm wWmvjwdDivB‡Rkb (FGD) cøv‡›U SO2 Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ msMwVZ wewµqvmg~n D‡jøL Ki| [BUET. 19-20] DËit CaCO3 (s) + SO2 (g) – CaSO3 (s) + CO2 (g) ; CaO + SO2 CaSO3 2CaSO3 (s) + O2 (g) + 4H2O(l) 2[CaSO4.2H2O](s) [gypsum] CaO + CO2 CaCO3 ; CaO + 2NO2 + 1 2 O2 Ca(NO3)2 cÖkœt mvaviYZ e„wói cvwb wKQzUv- Dt GwmWxq| cÖkœt NO2 M¨vm evqy‡Z wg‡k e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i wK Drcbœ K‡i? Dt HNO3 cÖkœt RxeMR‡Zi mKj m`m¨ k¦vmwµqvi mgq evqygÐ‡j †Kvb M¨vm wbtmiY K‡i? Dt CO2 cÖkœt CO2 I NO2 evZv‡m Dcw¯ Z cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i wK Drcbœ nqDt GwmW cÖkœt SO2 evqygÐ‡ji cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqvq Kx Drcbœ nq? Dt H2SO4 cÖkœt ÿY¯ vqx GwmW †KvbwU? Dt HNO2 cÖkœt GwmW e„wói d‡j Rjvkq I gvwUi pH KZ nq? Dt 4 cÖkœt GwmW e„wói cÖwZKv‡i mevi Av‡M evqygÐ‡ji Kx Kwg‡q Avb‡Z n‡e? Dt SO2 I NO2 cÖkœt GwmW e„wó wbf©i K‡i H GjvKvi evqygÐ‡j ¯^vfvweK gvÎv A‡cÿv Kx‡mi cwigvY †ewk _vK‡j? Dt SOx, NOx, CO2 I HCl(g)

334 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION JU 01. GwmW e„wói pH KZ? [JU-D7.2017-18] A. > 6.8 B. 5.8 C. <5.6 D. ‡KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: C. <5.6 e¨vL¨v: evqygÐ‡ji CO2 e„wói mgq e„wói cvwbi mv‡_ wg‡k `ye©j Kve©wbK GwmW •Zwi K‡i| G mgq e„wói cvwbi pH nq 5.6| e„wói cvwbi pH 5.6 Gi Kg n‡j Zv‡K GwmW e„wó e‡j| RU 01. GwmW e„wói Rb¨ †KvbwU `vqx bq? [RU-H. 2015-16] A. HCl B. H3SO3 C. H2SO4 D. HNO3 mwVK DËi: B. H3SO3 e¨vL¨v: GwmW e„wó‡Z H2SO4, H2SO3 Ges HNO3, HNO2 Gi Ae`vb h_vµ‡g (60-65)% Ges (30-35)%| HNO2, HCl GwmW e„wói pH 3.5 †_‡K 5.6 Gi g‡a¨ nq| HCl Lye Kg cwigv‡Y f~wgKv iv‡L| 02. GwmW e„wó m„wó‡Z cÖavb f~wgKv iv‡L- [RU. 2014-15] A. SO2 Ges SO3B. NO Ges NO3 C. NO Ges SO2D. NO2 Ges SO3 mwVK DËi: D. NO2 Ges SO3 e¨vL¨v: evqy‡Z SO3, NO2 Ges mvjwdDwiK GwmW ev®ú †ewk _vK‡j e„wói mgq H GwmW ev®ú cvwbi mv‡_ wgwkÖZ n‡q GwmW e„wó m„wó K‡i| 03. SO2 M¨vm cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i wK •Zix nq- [RU. 2009-10, w`.‡ev. 2017] A. H2SO4 B.HSO4 C. H2SO2 D. H2SO3 mwVK DËi: D. H2SO3 e¨vL¨v: mvjdv‡ii WvB A·vBW A¤øag©x e‡j cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i A¤ø •Zwi K‡i| i. SO2 + H2O → H2SO3 ii. SO3 + H2O → H2SO4 CU 01. e„wói cvwbi bgybv‡K GwmW e„wó wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv hvq hw` Gi pH...... nq| [CU-Ka.2016-17] A. 5.6 B. 4.0 C. 6.2 D. 7.0 E. 6.8 mwVK DËi: B. 4.0 e¨vL¨v: ¯^vfvweK e„wói Rb¨ pH Gi me©wbgœ gvb 5.5 (5.5 – 3.5)| Gi wb‡P pH Gi gvb n‡j Zv GwmW e„wó e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Z‡e DbœZ †`‡k GwmW e„wói pH me‡P‡q Kg _v‡K| †hgb- ga¨ BD‡iv‡c GwmW e„wói pH 4.1 CoU 01. Rjvk‡q cvwbi pH gvb KZ Gi wb‡P n‡j RjR Dw™¢` I gvQ gviv hvq? [CoU-A. 2016-17] A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 mwVK DËi: A. 3 STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. KqjvwfwËK Zvc we`y¨r †K›`ª ¯ vc‡bi d‡j m„ó GwmW e„wó †Kvb M¨v‡mi Kvi‡Y n‡Z cv‡i? [JUST-A. 2016-17; KU. 2015-16] A. NO2 B. HCOOH C. CI D. CO2 E. SO2 mwVK DËi: E. SO2 MBSTU 01. d‡Uv‡KwgK¨vj smog •Zwi‡Z ‡Kvb evqy`~lK f~wgKv iv‡Lbv? [MBSTU-H.2016-17] A. NO2 B. O3 C. CFC D. nvB‡WªvKve©b mwVK DËi: C. CFC 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb †h․‡Mi weiÄb wµqv A¯ vqx? [MBSTU. B. 2016-17] A. Cl2 B. SO3 C. Ca(OCl)Cl D. SO2 mwVK DËi: D. SO2 e¨vL¨v: SO2 `ye©j weiÄK| †K¬vwib hy³ †h․‡Mi weiÄb wµqv ¯ vqx| HSTU 01. ‡KvbwU GwmW e„wói cÖfve bq? [HSTU-A.2017-18] A. avZz wbwg©Z Rvnv‡R gwiPv a‡i B. Rjvk‡q gvQ g‡i hvq C. †k¦Z cv_i njy` D. gvwU‡Z dmj d‡j bv mwVK DËi: A. avZz wbwg©Z Rvnv‡R gwiPv a‡i e¨vL¨v: GwmW e„wói d‡j avZz wbwg©Z Rvnv‡Ri ÿq nq| gwiPv aiv ivmvqwbK cwieZ©b| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. GwmW e„wói Rb¨ `vqx †KvbwU? [MAT- 2019-20, 2017-18, P.‡ev. 2017] A. O2 B. CO C. SO2 D. CO2 mwVK DËi: C. SO2 e¨vL¨v: Aat‡ÿcY e„wó‡Z pH Gi gvb 5.6 Gi Kg n‡jB H Aat‡ÿcY‡K GwmW e„wó e‡j| GwmW e„wói KviY n‡”Q gbyl¨m„ó evqy `~lY wµqv| mvaviYZ KjKviLvbv AÂ‡ji GwmW e„wói cvwbi pH Gi gvb 3.5 †_‡K 5.5 Gi g‡a¨ _v‡K| Gi g~‡j wZbwU GwmW (H2SO3, H2SO4, HNO3) Gi f~wgKv i‡q‡Q; hv cÖvBgvwi evqy`~lK SO2 M¨vm I bvB‡Uªv‡Rb A·vBWmg~n (NOx) n‡Z Drcbœ nq| 02. mvjdvi mivmwi †KvbwU Qvov Ab¨ me avZzi mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z cv‡i? [MAT. 2012-2013] A. wRsK B. cøvwUbvg C. †j․n D. iƒcv mwVK DËi: B. cøvwUbvg e¨vL¨v: †Mvì, cøvwUbvg‡K AwfRvZ avZy e‡j| Giv mn‡R †Kvb †g․‡ji mv‡_ hy³ nq bv| mvjdvi mPivPi †h mg¯Í avZzi mv‡_ AvqwbK ev mg‡hvRx eÜb MVb K‡i Zv n‡”Q K, Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Ag, Pb| DAT 01. Acid Rain -G †Kvb GwmW _v‡K? [DAT. 2016-17; KU. 2014-15; MBSTU 2009-10] A. H2SO4 I HCI B. H2SO4 I HNO3 C. H2SO4 I H2CO3 D. HNO3 I HCI mwVK DËi: B. H2SO4 I HNO3 02. G‡iv‡cø‡b R¡vjvwb wn‡m‡e Kx eëüZ nq? [DAT. 2006-2017] A. AK‡Ub B. ‡c‡Uªvj C. M¨v‡mvwjb D. AK‡Ub mwVK DËi: C. M¨v‡mvwjb e¨vL¨v: SOX Gi cÖavb Drm n‡”Q Rxevk¥ R¡vjvwbi `nb, mvjdvihy³ AvKwiK n‡Z avZz wb®‥vkb, mvjdvi wb®‥vkb BZ¨vw`| NOX Gi cÖavb Drm n‡”Q Zvcwe`y¨r ‡K›`ª, hvbevn‡bi Ae‡kl, avZz wb®‥vkb Pzwjø, ‡Zj ‡kvabvMvi cøv›U BZ¨vw`| CO2 Gi cÖavb Drm n‡”Q- `vevbj, ‡gvUi BwÄ‡b ‡c‡Uªvwjqvg RvZxq Dcv`v‡bi `nb, A¨v‡iv‡cø‡b AwZwi³ M¨v‡mvwj‡bi eënvi|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 335 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CONCEPT 10 A¤ø-ÿvi‡Ki wewfbœ gZev` m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv cÖv_wgK Z_¨vejxt GwmW kãwU j¨vwUb Acidus kã †_‡K D™¢~Z Ges Alkali GKwU Aviex kã hvi A_© Dw™¢` f®§| cÖvPxb imvqbwe` I Avj‡KwgMb wf‡bMvi Gi m`„k ag©hy³ e¯‧‡K GwmW Ges Dw™¢` f¯§ m`„k ag©hy³ e¯‧‡K A¨vjKvwj ev ÿvi wn‡m‡e g‡b Ki‡Zb| Item- 01: cÖvPxb ev mvaviY gZev`t A¤ø UK ¯^v`hy³ Ges ÿviK wgwó ¯^v`hy³| hw` †Kvb †h․M bxj wjUgvm‡K jvj K‡i Zv GwmW jvj wjUgvm‡K bxj Ki‡j ÿviK Ges eY© cwieZ©b bv n‡j wbi‡cÿ †h․M| ZË¡ Avi‡nwbqvm (Arrhenius) eªb‡÷W-jvDwi (Bronsted Lowery) jyBm (Lewis) Dmv‡bvwfK (Usanovich) jv· d¬vW (Lux flood) mvj 1887 1923 1923 1938 1947 gZev` AvqwbK gZev` †cÖvUbxq gZev` B‡j±ªbxq gZev` (me©vaywbK) K¨vUvqwbK -A¨vbvqwbK gZev`| A·vBW gZev`| GwmW †h Rjxq `ªe‡Y nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Avqb (H+ ) `vb K‡i| D`vniY: HCl(aq), HNO3(aq) hv Ab¨ c`v_© †K †cÖvUb `vb K‡i| D`vniY: HCl , H2SO4, HSO4 – †h GK‡Rvov B‡j±ªb MÖnY K‡i| D`vniY: CO2 , SO2, BF3, AlCl3, Cu2+ GwmW n‡”Q Ggb c`v_© hv GKUv ÿvi‡K wbw®…q K‡i, K¨vUvqb ev B‡jKUªb `vb K‡i, A¨vbvq‡bi mv‡_ hy³ nq| D`vniY : SO3, Cl2, HCl, NH4 + wewµqvi mgq †h †h․M A·vBW Avqb `vb K‡i| D`vniY : SO3, SiO2 ÿvi †h Rjxq `ªe‡Y nvB‡Wªv·vBW Avqb (OH– ) `vb K‡i D`vniY: NaOH(aq), KOH(aq) †h A¤ø n‡Z †cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i| D`vniY: Cl– , H2O, NH3, NO3 – , F – , OH– †h GK‡Rvov B‡j±ªb `vb K‡i| D`vniY: NH3, H2O, CN– , Cl– ÿvi n‡”Q Ggb c`v_© hv GKUv GwmW‡K wbw®…q K‡i, A¨vbvqb `vb K‡i ev K¨vUvq‡bi mv‡_ hy³ nq| D`vniY : Na2O, KCN, NH3, OH– wewµqvi mgq †h †h․M A·vBW Avqb MÖnY K‡i| D`vniY : CaO, CaSO4 mxgve×Zv (i) ARjxq `ªe‡Y Kvh©Ki bq (ii) CuSO4, AlCl3 Gi Rjxq `ªeY A¤øag©x Ges Na2CO3 ÿvi ag©x e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (iii) CaO, NH3, A¨vwg‡bi ÿviag©xZv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv (i) †cÖvUbxq ZË¡ KL‡bvB bb †cÖvUbxq `ªve‡K †hgb- COCl2, SO2, N2O Gi wewµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv (ii) GUv KL‡bvB GwmwWq A·vBW †hgb- CO2, SO2 Ges ÿvixq A·vB‡Wi g‡a¨ wewµqv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| CaO + SO3 CaSO4 (iii) BF3, AlCl3 Gme †h․M †cÖvUb bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I GwmW wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| †hUv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (i) jyBm ZË¡ ïaygvÎ mwbœ‡ek mg‡hvRx eÜb wewkó †h․‡Mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| (ii) HCl, H2SO4 cÖf…wZ †h․M mwbœ‡ek eÜb MVb K‡i bv| †hUv jyBm ZË¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (iii) jyBm ZË¡ GwmW-ÿvi wewµqvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| – ïaygvÎ A·vBW hy³ †h․‡Mi †ÿ‡Î G ZË¡ cÖ‡hvR¨| eªb‡÷W jvDixi gZev` Abymv‡i NH3 Ges H2O n‡”Q ÿviK wKš‧ Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` Abymv‡i Giv ÿviK bq| ‡R‡b ivLv fvj, GwmW I ÿvi‡Ki g~j mvsMVwbK cv_©K¨ GKwU †cÖvUb| Item- 02: jyBm gZev` (1923): jyBm GwmWt jyBm cÖ`Ë gZev` Abymv‡i, (i) e MÖn‡Y mÿg/ cÖkg GwmW: BF3, BCl3, AlCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2, B(OH)3, BeCl2 (ii) K¨vUvqwbK jyBm GwmW: Ag+ , Ca2+, Cu2+, H+ , Fe2+, Fe3+, Zn2+ (iii) AavZe A·vBW jyBm GwmW: CO2, SO2, SO3 jyBm ÿvi: jyBm cÖ`Ë gZev` Abymv‡i, (i)gy³‡Rvo ev wbtm½ e wewkó ev cÖkg jyBm ÿvi: NH3, PH3, H2O, S, AsH3, NH2NH2, Pyridine (ii) A¨vbvqwbK jyBm ÿvi: Cl , F , Br , I , CN , OH (iii) C = C wØ-eÜb wewkó †h․Mmg~n: †h‡Kv‡bv jyBm GwmW A¨vjwK‡b †hvM Ki‡j A¨vjwK‡bi B‡jKUªb avZe jyBm GwmW Ag+ , Cu 2+, H+ ci¯úi hy³ n‡q RwUj †h․M MVb K‡i, myZivs C = C wewkó †h․M jyBm ÿviK| Ag+ + > C = C < C C Ag g‡b ivLv DwPZ: (i) jyBm Gwm‡Wi AóK msKzwPZ _v‡K Ges (ii) jyBm ÿv‡ii AóK cÖmvwiZ ev gy³‡Rvo B‡jKUªb _v‡K|

336 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item-03: AbyeÜx A¤ø I AbyeÜx ÿviKt ‡Kvb A¤ø †_‡K GKwU †cÖvUb Acmvi‡Yi d‡j †h ÿviK m„wó nq, Zv‡K A‡¤øi AbyeÜx (Conjugate) ÿviK ejv nq| ‡hgbt HNO3 Gi AbyeÜx ÿviK n‡”Q NO3 ‡Kvb ÿvi‡Ki mv‡_ GKwU †cÖvUb ms‡hv‡Mi d‡j m„ó A¤ø‡K AbyeÜx A¤ø e‡j| †hgbt NO3 ÿvi‡Ki AbyeÜx A¤ø n‡”Q HNO3 mvg¨ve¯ vq `ªe‡Y Dcw¯ Z `ywU K‡i A¤ø I ÿviK‡K ci¯ú‡ii AbyeÜx hyMj e‡j| CH3COOH cvwbi mv‡_ `~e©j A¤ø, NH3 Gi mv‡_ kw³kvjx A¤ø Avi H2SO4 Gi mv‡_ ÿvi wnmv‡e wµqv K‡i| ‡R‡b ivLv fvjt ‡h A¤ø hZ †ewk kw³kvjx, Zvi AbyeÜx ÿviK ZZ‡ekx `ye©j| Item-04: Dfag©x †h․M (amphoteric/amphiprotic) t †h me AYyev Avqb ¯ vb‡f‡` †cÖvUb `vZv I MÖnxZv Dfq wn‡m‡eB AvPiY K‡i Zv‡K Dfag©x †h․M e‡j| D`vniY: cvwbi Dfawg©Zv e¨vL¨v: A¤ø ag©: NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH+ 4 + OH– ‡cÖvUb MÖnxZv †cÖvUb `vZv ÿvi ag©: H2O + HCl ⇌ H3O + + Cl– ‡cÖvUb MÖnxZv †cÖvUb `vZv H2O, HS- HCO 3 , HSO 4 , H2PO 4 , HPO2 4 , H2PO 3 , HC2O 4 we:`ª: H hy³ mKj A¨vbvqb Dfagx© †h․M wn‡m‡e AvPiY K‡i| Item-5: A¤ø I ÿvi‡Ki †kªYxwefvM t ‡cÖvUbxq gZev` Abymv‡i A¤ø-ÿviK wZb †kªYx‡Z wef³| Chart–01: Rjxq `ªe‡Y wewfbœ ai‡Yi A¤ø I ÿvi‡Ki D`vniY: A¤ø ÿviK (i) AvYweK A¤ø :HI,HBr, HCl, HF, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4, H3PO4, H2S, H2O (i) AvYweK ÿviK: NH3, N2H4, NH2OH, Aliphatic Amine, Aromatic Amine, H2O (ii) K¨vUvqwbK A¤ø: [Al(H2O)n] 3+, NH4 + , [Fe(H2O)n] 3+, [Cu(H2O)n] 2+, H3O + (ii) K¨vUvqwbK ÿviK: [Al(H2O)n1 (OH)]2+, [Cu(H2O)n1 (OH)]+ (iii) A¨vbvqwbK A¤ø : HSO4 ,H2PO4 ,HCO3 ,HS (iii) A¨vbvqwbK ÿviK: I , Br , Cl , F , HSO ,SO ,HPO , 2 4 2 4 4 CN , 2 3 CO3 HCO , , OH , O2 Chart–02: KZ¸‡jv ARjxq (A‡cvjvi `ªveK) I Zv‡`i cÖK…wZ `ªveK ¯^fve D`vniY 1| †cÖv‡UvwRwbK ev †cÖvUb `vZv ‡cÖvUb Z¨vM cÖeYZv HF, H2SO4, CH3COOH, HCOOH, HCN I C6H5OH 2| †cÖv‡UvwdwjK ev †cÖvUb MÖvnx ‡cÖvUb MÖnY cÖeYZv NH3, N2H4, NH2OH & Amines 3| A¨vg&‡dv‡UwiK ev †cÖvU‡bi e¨vcv‡i Dfag©x ‡cÖvUb `vb ev MÖnY cÖeYZv H2O, Alcohols, C6H6, CCl4, CHCl3 4| A¨v‡cÖvwUK ev †cÖvwUb wbi‡cÿ ‡cÖvUb `vb ev MÖn‡Y D`vmxb C2H4Cl2 Item-06: A¤øZ¡ I ÿviKZ¡: ÿviKZ¡ A¤øZ¡ ‡Kvb Gwm‡Wi GK †gvj Øviv GKwU ÿviK‡K cÖkwgZ Kivi ÿgZvB H Gwm‡Wi ÿviKZ¡ ‡Kvb ÿvi‡Ki GK †gvj Øviv KZ…©K GKwU GwmW‡K cÖkwgZ Kivi ÿgZvB H ÿvi‡Ki A¤øZ¡ D`vniY : D`vniY : (i) HCl- ÿviKZ¡ 1; HCl + NaOH= NaCl+H2O (ii) H2SO4 ÿviKZ¡ 2 ; H2SO4 + 2NaOH= Na2SO4+2H2O (iii) H3PO4 ÿviKZ¡ 3; H3PO4 + 3NaOH= Na3PO4+3H2O (iv) CO2 Gi ÿviKZ¡ 2; CO2+2NaOH = Na2CO3+H2O (i) NaOH- Gi A¤øZ¡ 1; NaOH +HCl=NaCl+H2O (ii) CaO- Gi A¤øZ¡ 2; CaO + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O (iii) Al(OH)3- Gi A¤øZ¡ 3; Al(OH)3 +3HCl = AlCl3+3H2O (iv) Fe2O3- Gi A¤øZ¡ 6 ; Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2O AbyeÜx hyMj HCl (aq) A¤ø1 Cl- (aq) AbyeÜx ¶viK1 + NH3 (g) ¶viK2 NH4 + (aq) + AbyeÜx A¤ø2 AbyeÜx hyMj

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 337 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU jyBm GwmW? [DU-Ka.2017-18; JnU.2009-10; m.‡ev. 2018] A. HNO3 B. H2SO4 C. AlCl3 D. NH3 mwVK DËi: C. AlCl3 e¨vL¨v: jyBm GwmWt jyBm cÖ`Ë gZev` Abymv‡i, GK †Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg c`v_© gvÎB GwmW| SO3, BF3, AlCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2 Ges mKj abvZ¥K Avqb BZ¨vw`| jyBm ÿvit GK †Rvov B‡jKUªb cÖ`v‡b mÿg c`v_© gvÎB jyBm ÿvi| NH3, H2O, CH3 – NH2, Pyridine BZ¨vw`| 02. wb‡¤œi †Kvb&wU AmZ¨? [DU. 2012-13] A. NH4 + is the conjugate acid of base NH3 B. NH3 and H2O are conjugate pair C. OH– is the conjugate base of acid H2O D. OH– and H2O are conjugate pair mwVK DËi: B. NH3 and H2O are conjugate pair e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivLvi gRvi †UKwbKt AbyeÜx GwmW ev ÿvi n‡Z n‡j Avqb _vK‡Z n‡e| Dc‡ii PviwU Ack‡bi g‡a¨ B Ack‡b †Kvb Avqb ev PvR© †bB| ZvB GwU AbyeÜx GwmW ev ÿvi bq| JnU 01. mvjwdDwiK GwmW (H2SO4) †KvbwUi Dcw¯ wZ‡Z ÿviK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i? [JnU-Ka. 2016-17] A. HNO2 B. H3PO4 C. HNO3 D. HClO4 mwVK DËi: D. HClO4 e¨vL¨v: HClO4 > H2SO4| kw³kvjx GwmW `ªæZ †cÖvUb Z¨vM K‡i| †Kv‡bv GwmW hLb Zvi A‡cÿv kw³kvjx †Kv‡bv GwW‡mi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K ZLb †mUv ÿviK wn‡m‡e AvPiY K‡i| 02. eªb‡÷W-jvDix ZË¡ Abyhvqx wb‡Pi †KvbwU GwmW? [JnU.2006-07] A. Ggb GKwU †h․M hv †cÖvUb `vb K‡i B. Ggb GKwU Avqb hv †cÖvUb `vb K‡i C. Ggb GKwU †h․M hv †cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i D. Ggb GKwU †h․M ev Avqb hv ‡cÖvUb `vb K‡i| mwVK DËi: D. Ggb GKwU †h․M ev Avqb hv ‡cÖvUb `vb K‡i| e¨vL¨v: mivmwi ZË¡xq msÁv| JU 01. †KvbwU GwmW wnmv‡e KvR K‡i? [JU-A9.2017-18] A. FeCl3 B. SF6 C. XaF2 D. CaF2 mwVK DËi: A. FeCl3 e¨vL¨v: jyBm gZev` Abyhvqx †m mKj †h․M GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg Zviv GwmW| †hgb : AlCl3, BF3, FeCl3 BZ¨vw`| 02. †KvbwU g‡bv‡cÖvwUK GwmW? [JU.2010-11] A. H2SO4 B. HCl C. H3PO4 D. None mwVK DËi: B. HCl e¨vL¨v: g‡bv gv‡b-1 Kv‡RB †h GKwU gvÎ †cÖvUb `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i †mwU g‡bv‡cÖvwUK GwmW| 03. eªb‡÷W msÁv Abymv‡i GwmW n‡”Q Ggb GKwU e¯‧ hv- [JU.2009-10] A. ‡cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i B. ‡cÖvUb cÖ`vb K‡i C. B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i D. B‡jKUªb cÖ`vb K‡i mwVK DËi: B. ‡cÖvUb cÖ`vb K‡i 04. hLb GKwU GwmW ÿviK Øviv cÖkwgZ nq ZLbt [JU.2009-10] A. A¨vj‡Kvnj •Zix nq B. cvwb •Zix nq C. H+ Gi cwigvY OH– Gi †P‡q †ewk nq D. Dc‡ii me¸‡jvB mwVK DËi: B. cvwb •Zix nq e¨vL¨v: GwmW I ÿv‡ii cÖkgb wewµqvq me©`v jeb I cvwb Drcbœ nq| RU 01. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU jyBm GwmW bq? [RU-Ka,Set-3: 2018-19] A. Cu2+ B. SO3 C. BF3 D . Al3+ mwVK DËi: D . Al3+ e¨vL¨v: jyBm GwmW t GK †Rvov gy³ B‡j±ªb MÖnY K‡i D`vt SO3, BF3, AlCl3, AlCl3 jyBm GwmW n‡jI Al3+ bq 02. †Kvb †h․MwU †cÖv‡UvwdwjK? [RU-G1.2017-18] A. NH3 B. H2PO4 C. H2O D. HCl mwVK DËi: A. NH3 e¨vL¨v: †cÖv‡UvwdwjK ev †cÖvUb MÖvnx (†cÖvUb MÖnY cÖeYZv) †hgb- NH3,N2H4, NH2OH & Amines. 03. †Kvb ZË¡ Abymv‡i Ag+ -GKwU GwmW? [RU-H3.2017-18] A. Avi‡nwbqvm B. eªb‡÷W-jvDix C. jyBm D. jv·-d¬vW mwVK DËi: C. jyBm e¨vL¨v: jyBm gZev` Abyhvqx †m mKj †h․M ev Avqb GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg Zviv GwmW Avi †h mKj †h․M ev Avqb GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb `v‡b mÿg Zviv ÿvi| 04. Fe2O3 Gi A¤øZ¡ KZ? [RU.2012-13] A. 20 B. 3 C. 6 D. 4 mwVK DËi: C. 6 e¨vL¨v: Fe2O3Fe Gi †hvRbx cigvYyi msL¨v = 32 = 6 05. H2SO4-Gi KbRy‡MU ÿvi ‡KvbwU? [RU. 2012-13] A. SO3 2– B. H3O + C. HSO4 – D. H3SO3 mwVK DËi: C. HSO4 – e¨vL¨v: †Kv‡bv A¤ø †cÖvUb Z¨vM K‡i †h ÿvi‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ nq †mwU H A‡¤øi AbyeÜxK ÿvi| †mB‡ÿ‡Î H2SO4 †cÖvUb Z¨vM K‡i HSO4 – G iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| 06. HClO4 + H2SO4 ⇌ ClO4 – + H3SO4 + wewµqvi AbyeÜx ÿviK †KvbwU? [RU.2009-10] A. HClO4 B. H2SO4 C. ClO4 – D. H3SO4 mwVK DËi: C. ClO4 – e¨vL¨v: HClO4 ⇌ ClO 4 + H+ A_©vr HClO4 Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx ÿviK ClO 4 07. CuSO4 Gi Rjxq `ªeY: [RU.2009-10] A. wbi‡cÿ B. ÿvixq C. A¤øxq D. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: C. A¤øxq e¨vL¨v: CuSO4 + H2O = Cu(OH)2+H2SO4 GLv‡b GwmW I ÿv‡ii g‡a¨ GwmWwU kw³kvjx nIqvq `ªeY n‡e A¤øxq| 08. eªb‡÷W-jvDix gZev‡` †cÖvUb cÖ`v‡bi cÖeYZv Abymv‡i A¤ømg~n KZ †kªYxfy³ n‡Z cv‡i? [RU.2006-07] A. `yB B. wZb C. Pvi D. cvuP mwVK DËi: B. wZb e¨vL¨v: eªb‡÷W jvDix gZev‡` A¤ømg~n wZb †kªYxf~³| A. AvYweK †kªYxi A¤ø B. A¨vbvqwbK †kªYxi A¤ø C. K¨vUvqwbK †kªYxi A¤ø 09. NaOH, P(OH)3, Ca(OH)2 I HClO4 Gi gv‡S- [RU.2006-07] A. me¸‡jv ÿvi B. wZbwU ÿvi I GKwU A¤ø C. `ywU ÿvi I `ywU A¤ø D. GKwU ÿvi wZbwU A¤ø| mwVK DËi: C. `ywU ÿvi I `ywU A¤ø e¨vL¨v: ÿvi A¤ø NaOH Ca(OH)2 P(OH)3=H3PO3 ClO4H =HClO4

338 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CU 01. A¤ø I ¶vi m¤úwK©Z †Kvb gZev`wU‡Z cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq? [CU. 2019-20] A. Dmv‡bvwfP gZev` B. eªb‡óW gZev` C. jyBm gZev` D. Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` mwVK DËi: D. Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` e¨vL¨v: Avi‡nwbqvm gZev`wU‡Z cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq| KviY Avi‡nwbqv‡mi msÁv‡ZB ejv Av‡Q| †h mKj †h․M Rjxq `ªe‡Y H + `vb K‡i Zv‡`i‡K GwmW e‡j| Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` Rjxq `ªeY Qvov Kvh©Ki bq| 02. †h c`v_© †cÖvUb `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K GwmW e‡j- GwU A¤ø-ÿvi m¤úwK©Z †Kvb ZË¡? [CU-A.2017-18] A. Avi‡nwbqvm ZË¡ B. jv·-d¬vW ZË¡ C. jyBm ZË¡ D. eªb‡÷W ZË¡ mwVK DËi: D. eªb‡÷W ZË¡ e¨vL¨v: eªb‡÷W jvDix ev †cÖvUbxq gZev` Abymv‡i- * †hme †h․M ev Avqb Ab¨ c`v_©‡K †cÖvUb `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i †mwU n‡”Q A¤ø| * Avi †h †h․M ev Avqb Ab¨ c`v_© n‡Z †cÖvUb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mwU n‡”Q ÿviK| 03. HCl+H2O ⇌ H3O + +ClwewµqvwU‡Z AbyeÜx A¤ø-ÿviK †Rvo n‡”Q- [CU-G. 2016-17; IU-D. 2016-17] A. HCl I H2O B. HCl I Cl- C. HCl I H3O + D. H3O + I ClmwVK DËi: B. HCl I Cle¨vL¨v: HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O + + Cl– wewµqvwU‡Z HCl I Cl– AbyeÜx A¤ø I ÿvi hyMj| 04. (i) HNO3, (ii) BF3, (iii) NaCl, (iv) AlCl3 Ges (v) C2H5OC2H5 †h․Mmg~‡ni g‡a¨ jyBm A¤ø nj- [CU. 2014-15] A. (i) Ges (ii) B. (ii) Ges (v) C. (iii) Ges (iv) D. (iv) Ges (v) E. (ii) Ges (iv) mwVK DËi: E. (ii) Ges (iv) e¨vL¨v: jyBm GwmWt jyBm cÖ`Ë gZev` Abymv‡i, (i) GK †Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg c`v_© gvÎB GwmW †hgbt †h․MÑ (SO3, BF3, BCl3, AlCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2) AóK (d-AiweUvj Lvwj) m¤cÖmviY wewkó †h․M †hgb- PCl3, SnCl2, SiF4 (ii) abvZ¥K Avqb (Ag+ , Ca2+, Cu2+, H+ , Fe2+, Fe3+, Zn2+)| 05. H2O + NH3 ⇌ NH4 + + OH – wewµqvq cvwb GKwU- [CU.2010-2011] A. ÿvi B. wbi‡cÿ ‡h․M C. AbyeÜx ÿviK D. GwmW E. AbyeÜx GwmW mwVK DËi: D. GwmW e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b cvwb ‡cÖvUb `vZv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| ZvB cvwb GLv‡b GwmW| 06. AbyeÜx GwmW I ÿviK hyM‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK? [CU.20007-2008] A. GKwU H cigvYy B. GKwU H + Avqb C. GKwU AYy cvwb D. GKwU OH Avqb mwVK DËi: B. GKwU H + Avqb e¨vL¨v: H + cÖ`vb = A¤ø, H + MÖnY = ÿviK 07. ÿvi nj Ggb GKwU c`v_© hv GKwU †cÖvUb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i- GwU Kvi gZev`? [CU.2006-2007] A. eªb‡÷W-jvDwi B. AvqwbK gZev` C. jyBm gZev` D. Avi‡nwbqvm gZev` E. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: A. eªb‡÷W-jvDwi CoU 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU jyBm-GwmW? [CoU-A. 2016-17] A. H+ B. NH3 C. Cl- D. H2O mwVK DËi: A. H+ e¨vL¨v: ‡h‡nZzH + Avqb B‡jKUªb MÖn‡Y mÿg ZvB GwU jyBm GwmW| 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU jyBm-GwmW? [CoU-A. 2016-17] A. 2-wg_vBj-2-weDUvbj B. 2-wg_vBj-1-weDUvbj C. weDUvbj-2 D. 3-wg_vBj-weDUvbj-1 mwVK DËi: C. weDUvbj- 2 e¨vL¨v: Ackb A †Z ¯ vwbK evav i‡q‡Q| Ackb B Ges D †Z GK cv‡k A¨vjKvBj MÖæc i‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz Ackb C †Z Dfq cv‡k A¨vjKvBj MÖæc i‡q‡Q ZvB GwU GK †Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ZvB GwU jyBm GwmW| IU 01. HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O + + Clwewµqvq- [IU-A.2017-18] A. HCl Gi AbyeÜx ÿviK Cl- B. H3O + Gi AbyeÜx ÿviK H2O C. H2O Gi AbyeÜx GwmW H3O + D. me¸‡jvB mwVK DËi: D. me¸‡jvB e¨vL¨v: HCl + H2O H3O + + Cl02. jyBm-Gi B‡jKUªbxq gZev‡` ÿviK- [IU-D. 2016-17] A. CH2=CH2 B. SO2 C. Cl2 D. Ag+ mwVK DËi: A. CH2=CH2 e¨vL¨v: jyBm GwmW- AóK ms‡KvwPZ †h․M- BF3, SO3 Positive ion- Ag+ , Co3+, H+ Metal atom such as Ni in the formation of Ni (CO)4 Central atom Gi ‡hvRbx ¯Íi cÖmvwiZ Ki‡j (SiCl4, SiF4, PCl5) double/ multiple bond (except C = C) Example: O = C = O, SO2 03. GwmW I ÿvi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i - [IU. 2010-11; Kz.‡ev. 2017] A.H3O + B. HSO4 – C. NH4 + D. CH3COOH mwVK DËi: B. HSO4 – e¨vL¨v: H2O, 3 4 HCO , HSO Dfag©x †h․‡Mi D`vniY| DU-7Clg 01. HSO4 Gi AbyeÜx GwmW †KvbwU? [7Clg. 2019-20] A. H3O + B. HSO3 C. H2SO4 D. SO4 2 mwVK DËi: C. H2SO4 e¨vL¨v: †Kv‡bv ÿviK †cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i †h A‡¤ø iƒcvšÍwiZ nq †mwU H ÿvi‡Ki AbyeÜx A¤ø| †mB‡ÿ‡Î HSO4 – †cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i H2SO4 G iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. SO4 2- Ges PO4 3- AbyeÜx GwmW n‡”Q - [SUST. 2012-13] A. H2SO4, H2PO4 - B. HSO4 - ,HPO4 2- C. HSO4 - ,H2PO4 - D. H2SO4,H3PO4 E. H2SO4,HPO4 2- mwVK DËi: B. HSO4 - , HPO4 2- 02. Rjxq `ªe‡Y H + + OH ⇌ H2O wewµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU wg_¨v? [SUST. 2012-13] A. GwU GKwU AvqwbK wewµqv B. wewµqv †k‡l `ªeYwU&i pH Gi gvb 7 nq C. wewµqv †k‡l `ªeYwUi Zwor cwievwnZv n«vm cvq D. wewµqvi d‡j `ªe‡Yi ZvcgvÎv e„w× cvq E. wewµqv †k‡l †dbj&d‡_wjb †hvM Ki‡j `ªeYwU †Mvjvcx eY© aviY K‡i mwVK DËi: E. e¨vL¨v: Rjxq `ªeY wbi‡cÿ ZvB eY© w`‡e bv| AbyeÜx hyMj GwmW ÿvi GwmW

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 339 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 03. jyBm ÿvi †KvbwU? [SUST.2007-2008, BSMRSTU. 2012-13] A. NaOH B. KOH C. A¨v‡gvwbqv D. nvBWªw·j A¨vwgb mwVK DËi: C. A¨v‡gvwbqv e¨vL¨v: jyBm ÿvit GK †Rvov B‡jKUªb cÖ`v‡b mÿg c`v_© gvÎB jyBm ÿvi| NH3, H2O, CH3 – NH2, Pyridine BZ¨vw`| 04. wb‡Pi wewµqvq †KvbwU GwmW, †KvbwU ÿvi? [SUST.07-08] HNO3+2H2SO4 ⇌ H3O +2HSO4 – +NO2 A. H2SO4 GwmW, HNO3 ÿviK B. H2SO4 ÿviK, HNO3 GwmW C. H2SO4 Ges HNO3 `ywUB GwmW wnmv‡e AvPiY K‡i D. H2SO4 Ges HNO3 ÿviK DËit A. H2SO4 GwmW, HNO3 ÿviK e¨vL¨v: eªb‡÷W I jvDwii gZev` Abymv‡i †h mKj c`v_© H + `vb K‡i Zviv GwmW Ges hviv H + MÖnY K‡i Zviv ÿvi| GLv‡b H2SO4 †cÖvUb `vb K‡i HSO4 – iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q Ges HNO3 †cÖvUb MÖnY K‡i‡Q| MBSTU 01. †KvbwU wØ-ÿviKxq GwmW? [MBSTU-B. 2019-20] A. H3PO2 B. H3PO3 C. H3PO4 D. HCOOH mwVK DËi: B. H3PO3 e¨vL¨v: H3PO4 wÎ-ÿviKxq GwmW Zzj¨ msL¨v = 3 H3PO3 wØ-ÿviKxq GwmW Zzj¨ msL¨v = 2 H3PO2 GK-ÿviKxq GwmW Zzj¨ msL¨v = 1 02. †KvbwU Dfag©x (amphoteric) †h․M? [MBSTU-A1.2017-18, m.‡ev. 2018] A. H2O B. NH3 C. H3O + D. HOmwVK DËi: A. H2O e¨vL¨v: ‡h mKj †h․M GKB mv‡_ GwmW I ÿvi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Zv‡ì‡K Dfag©x †h․M e‡j| †hgb- H2O, HCO3 - , HSO4 - BZ¨vw`| 03. †KvbwU kw³kvjx KbRy‡MU ÿviK? [MBSTU-B1.2017-18, HSTU. 2016-17] A. NO3 - B. Cl- C. SO4 2- D. CH3COOmwVK DËi: D. CH3COOe¨vL¨v: ‡h GwmW hZ `ye©j Zvi KbRy‡MU ÿvi ZZ †ewk kw³kvjx| 04. †KvbwU jyBm ÿvi? [MBSTU-B1.2017-18, Xv.‡ev. 2015] A. H2O B. AlCl3 C. BF3 D. SO3 mwVK DËi: A. H2O e¨vL¨v: GK ev GKvwaK wbtm½ B‡jKUªb †Rvov eZ©gvb Giƒc AYy, cigvYy, g~jK ev Avqb‡K jyBm ÿvi e‡j| †hgb- NH3, H2 .. O.. , CH3– .. O.. –H, .. O..H BZ¨vw`| 05. HCl Gi AbyeÜx ÿviK †KvbwU? [MBSTU-C2.2017-18] A. NH2 B. Cl - C. NH4 D. H+ mwVK DËi: B. Cl - e¨vL¨v: NH3(aq) + HCl (aq) ⇌ NH4 + + Cl - 06. jyBm A¤ø †KvbwU? [MBSTU-A.2016-17] A. CHF3 B. BF3 C. CaF2 D. HCI mwVK DËi: B. BF3 e¨vL¨v: †h mKj †h․‡Mi †K›`ªxq cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡i AvUwUi †_‡K Kg B‡jKUªb _v‡K Zv‡ì AóK ms‡KvPb N‡U Ges G‡ì jyBm GwmW e‡j| Ges G‡ì‡K B‡jK‡UªvdvBj I ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| ‡hgb : AlCl3, FeCl3,BF3, H3O + , NO2 + , SO3 07. HA + H2O ⇌ H3O + + A– wewµqvwU‡Z AbyeÜx A¤ø-ÿviK hyMj †KvbwU? [MBSTU-H.2016-17] A. HA, H2O B. A, H3O + C. HA, A– D. H2O, A– mwVK DËi: C. HA, A– BSMRSTU 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU jyBm GwmW? [BSMRSTU-H. 2019-20] A. H2SO4 B. HNO3 C. AlCl3 D. NH3 mwVK DËi: C. AlCl3 e¨vL¨v: jyBm Gwm‡Wi cÖavb •ewkó¨¸‡jv AóK ms‡KvPb, AlCl3 Gi me©‡kl K‡ÿ e msL¨v 6wU| PUST 01. HSO4 – Avq‡bi AbyeÜx ÿviK †KvbwU? [PUST-B.2017-18; Kz.‡ev. 2017] A. H+ B. SO4 2- C. SO3 2- D. H2SO4 mwVK DËi: B. SO4 2- e¨vL¨v: H2SO4 +H+ HSO 4 H + SO2 4 AbyeÜx A¤ø AbyeÜx ÿvi CVASU 01. A¤ø ÿvi‡Ki jyBm ZË¡ Abymv‡i A¤ø n‡”Q- [CVASU:2018-19] A. †h cvwb‡Z H + Avqb w`‡Z cv‡i B. †h GKwU †cÖvUb w`‡Z cv‡i C. †h GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb w`‡Z cv‡i D. †h GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i mwVK DËi: D. ‡h GK‡Rvov B‡jKUªb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i e¨vL¨v: hviv GK‡Rvov e - Z¨vM K‡i = jyBm ÿvi NH3, H2O, SO2, CH3OH hviv GK‡Rvov e - MÖnY K‡i = jyBm GwmW ev A¤ø BF3, AlCl3, FeCl3 DU Technology 01. NH3(aq) + HCl(aq) NH4 (aq)+Cl– (aq)wewµqvwUi AbyeÜx ¶viK †KvbwU? [DU-Projukti. 2019-20] A. NH3 B. HCl C. NH4 D. Cl– mwVK DËi: D. Cl– STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. †h cÖkgb wewµqvwU‡Z Avi‡nwbqv‡mi m~Î Abym„Z n‡q‡Q Zv njÑ [BUET. 2013-14] A. NH3(g) + HCl(g) = NH4Cl(g) B. CaO(s) + CO2(g) = CaCO3(s) C. NH4OH(aq) + HCl(aq) = NH4Cl(aq) + H2O(l) D. FeO(s) + HCl(aq) = FeCl2(aq) + H2O(l) mwVK DËi: C. NH4OH(aq) + HCl(aq) = NH4Cl(aq) + H2O(l) e¨vL¨v: Because HO and H+ are available in the solution| KUET 01. †Kvb †Rvov Gwm‡W ZxeªZvi µg fzj? [KUET. 2013-14] A. CH3COOH > CH3CH2COOH B. H2SO3 > H2CO3 C. ClCH2COOH > CH3COOH D. HClO4 > NHO3 E. HF > HCl mwVK DËi: E. HF > HCl e¨vL¨v: nvB‡WªvwmW Gi †ÿ‡Î A¨vbvq‡bi AvKvi e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ ZxeªZv ev‡o| GwmW (AbyeÜx ÿviK)

340 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Tex.Eng.Clg. 01. Which of the following compound is not a lewis acid? [Tex.Eng.Clg. 2019-20] A. BF3 B. AlCl3 C. BeCl3 D. BaCl2 mwVK DËi: D. BaCl2 e¨vL¨v: Lewis acids can accept a pair of electrons from another chemical species. In BaCl2, all atoms have their octet filled, leaving no room for incoming pair of electrons. STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †cÖvUb Avmw³ me‡P‡q †ewk? [MAT. 2019-20] A. NH3 B. H2O C. H2S D. PH3 mwVK DËi: A. NH3 e¨vL¨v: †cÖvUb Avmw³i µg: NH3 (854 kJ/mol) > PH3 (789 kJ/mol) > H2S (712 kJ/mol) > H2O (697 kJ/mol)| 02. †KvbwU mwVK? [MAT:2013-2014] A. Zxeª Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx ÿviK Zxeª B. Zxeª Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx ÿviK `ye©j C. Zxeª Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx GwmW Zxeª D. `ye©j Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx GwmW `ye©j mwVK DËi: B. Zxeª Gwm‡Wi AbyeÜx ÿviK `ye©j e¨vL¨v: †h A¤ø hZ †ewk kw³kvjx Zvi AbyeÜx ÿviK ZZB `ye©j Ges †h A¤ø hZ †ewk `ye©j Zvi AbyeÜx ÿviK ZZ †ewk kw³kvjx| CONCEPT 11 wgVv cvwbi Drm I mvi‡dm IqvUv‡ii weï×Zvi gvb`Ð msÁv t cÖvK…wZK fv‡e cÖvß f~c„‡ôi Dci †h cvwb cvIqv hvq Zv‡K †d«k IqvUvi ev wgwó cvwb ev wgVv cvwb e‡j| Item- 01: wgVv cvwbi Drm : Drm cvwbi cwigvY Z_¨ wngevn I Zzlvi Av”Qvw`Z cvwb 74–75% ‡gvU cvwbi 2% eid wn‡m‡e _v‡K| e„wói cvwb 0.035% cÖvK…wZK cvwbi g‡a¨ e„wói cvwb mev©‡cÿv weï×| b`xi cvwb 0.03% e„wói cvwbB cÖavbZ b`x‡Z Av‡m| f~Mf©¯  cvwb 22.2% Gi Aci bvg LwbR cvwb| G‡Z †Kvb A¨v‡gvwbqv I •Re c`v_© _v‡K bv Item- 02: GKbR‡i weï×Zvi gvb`ÐZv mg~nt c¨vivwgUvi ÷¨vÛvW© gvb(mgL–1 ) c¨vivwgUvi ÷¨vÛvW© gvb(mgL–1 ) LiZv (CaCO3 wn‡m‡e) 200-500 ivmvqwbK Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v (COD) 4 pH 6.5-8.5 me©‡gvU `ªexf~Z KwVb (TDS) 500 `ªexf~Z Aw·‡Rb (DO) 6 ‣Re ivmvqwbK Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v (BOD) 1–2 Item- 03: cvwbi LiZvt ¯ vqx LiZv A¯ vqx LiZv Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+ Gi †K¬vivBW, bvB‡UªU I mvj‡dU jeY Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Fe2+ Gi evBKve©‡bU jeY `~ixKiYt cvigywUU Gi mvnv‡h¨ `~i Kiv hvq Zvc w`‡q ev Ab¨ †Kvb mnR Dcv‡q A¯ vqx LiZv `~i Kiv hvq| we‡kølYMZ c×wZ‡Z EBT wb‡`©k‡Ki Dcw¯ wZ‡Z EDTA UvB‡Uªk‡bi gva¨‡g ¯ vqx ÿiZvi gvÎv wbY©q Kiv hvq| wg_vBj A‡iÄ wb‡`©k‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ HCl ev H2SO4 Gi `ªeY Øviv Li cvwbi UvB‡Uªkb K‡i A¯ vqx LiZvi gvÎv wbY©q Kiv hvq| cvwb‡Z Zzj¨ cwigvY K¨vjwmqvg Kve©‡bU (CaCO3) Gi cwigvY Abymv‡i LiZvi †kªwYwefvM †kªwYwefvM mg/L or ppm †kªwYwefvM mg/L or ppm g„`y cvwb (Soft water) 0–17.1 Li cvwb (Hard water) 120–180 Aí Li cvwb (Slightly hard water) 17.1–60 Zxeª Li cvwb (Very hard water) 180 Ges Z`~a© gvSvwi Li cvwb (Moderately hard water) 60–120 ‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jvt cvwb‡Z Ca2+ I Mg2+ Avq‡bi evBKve©‡bU (HCO3), Kve©‡bU (CO3 2– ) Ges nvB‡Wªv·vBW (OH– ) †h․M `ªexf~Z _vK‡j Zv‡ì‡K ÿvixq ev A¨vjKvjvBb Li cvwb Ges †h mKj cvwb‡Z Ca2+ I Mg2+ Avq‡bi SO4 2– , NO3 – , Cl– jeY `ªexf~Z _v‡K Zv‡ì‡K Aÿvixq ev bb-A¨vjKvjvBb Li cvwb e‡j| †h cvwbi LiZv hZ †ewk †m cvwb ZZ †ewk Aweï×| Item- 04: pH Z_¨t e„wói cvwbi pH 6.5-7.0 Item -05: DO (Dissolved Oxygen) : cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Aw·‡RbB DO Winkler Av‡qv‡WvwgwZK c×wZ AbymiY K‡i DO cwigvc Kiv nq| Item -06: BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) : cvwb‡Z Dcw¯ Z •Re c`v_©‡K we‡qvwRZ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY| bxwZt ‡Kv‡bv cvwbi bgybvq BOD Gi gvb 60 ev 60mg/L ej‡Z †evSvq †h, H cvwbi cÖwZ wjUv‡i Dcw¯ Z •Re c`v‡_©i cÖvYivmvqwbK we‡qvR‡bi Rb¨ 60mg Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡qvRb| myZivs Dc‡iv³ cvwbi bgybvq BOD Gi gvb 60| BOD Gi gvb I cvwbi ¸Y BOD cvwbi Ae¯ v BOD cvwbi Ae¯ v 1-2mg/L LyeB fv‡jv 10mg/L `~lYgvÎv Lvivc 3mg/L ‡gvUgywU fv‡jv 20mg/L `~lYgvÎv LyeB Lvivc 6mg/L WHO Gi Aby‡gvw`Z `~lYgvÎv

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 341 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES BOD gvb wbY©‡qi mgxKiYt BOD = 1 2 1 2 1 mgL P D D B B f BOD gvb wbY©‡qi mgxKiYt BOD = Initial DO Final DO GLv‡b, P = eëüZ bgybvi `kwgK fMœvsk, f = bgybv cvwbi mv‡_ wbqwš¿Z cvwbi AbycvZ| eR©¨ cvwbi Drm BOD (ppm, mg, mg/L-1 ) eR©¨ cvwbi Drm BOD (ppm, mg, mg/L-1 ) wgDwbwmcvj (M„n¯ vjx) eR©¨ cvwb 100-400 KvMR wk‡íi eR¨© cvwb 10,000 – 15,000 ‡WBwi wk‡íi eR©¨ cvwb 2000-5000 Lv`¨ wk‡íi eR©¨ cvwb 5000-10,000 Item- 07: CODChemical Oxygen Demand `~wlZ cvwb‡Z Dcw¯ Z •Re Ges A‣Re †h․‡Mi RviY cÖwµqvq M„wnZ Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY‡K COD e‡j| COD wbY©‡qi mgq RviK wn‡m‡e A¤øxq K2Cr2O7 eënvi Kiv nq| COD wbY©‡qi mgxKiYt 1 2 1 mg.L X V V M 8 1000 COD GLv‡b, V1 I V2 h_vµ‡g blank gvcb I cixÿYxq gvc‡b eëüZ †gv‡ii jeY `ªe‡Yi AvqZb, X cixÿvi Rb¨ M„nxZ bgybvi AvqZb, M = †gvi je‡Yi NbgvÎv| ‡d‡ivBb (Ferroin) `ªeY = 1.485g Item- 08: BOD I COD Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbvt BOD COD BOD cixÿv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z 4–5 w`b mgq jv‡M| COD cixÿv K‡qK NÈvq (2–3) m¤úbœ Kiv hvq| BOD wbY©‡qi GKK mg/L ev ppm COD wbY©‡qi GKK mg/L ev ppm weï× cvwbi BOD Gi gvb 1ppm COD, BOD A‡cÿv AwaKZi weÁvb m¤§Z| Item- 09: TDS: Total dissolved solid †Uªm †g․j¸‡jvi Dcw¯ wZ kbv³ Kiv hvq wKš‧ cwigvY wbY©q Kiv hvq bv| TDS Gi AšÍ©f~³ cÖavb ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb n‡jv Ñ Ca2+, Na+ , Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, N1 2+, Co3+ , Pb 2+, As3+ BZ¨vwì mvjdvBU I Aí cwigvY `ªexf~Z jeY| cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb †Uªm †g․j¸‡jv n‡jv Pb, Cd, As I Hg G¸‡jv QvovI Ca2+, K+ , Na+ , PO 4 , Cl– I NO3 – ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| cwievwnZv cwigvcb wgUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ TDS cwigvc Kiv nq| wek^ ¯^v¯ ¨ ms¯ v (WHO) Aby‡gvw`Z cvwbi MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvb`Ð| gvb`Ð (WHO) Aby‡gvw`Z m‡e©v”P gvÎv gvb`Ð (WHO) Aby‡gvw`Z m‡e©v”PgvÎv pH 6.5 8.5 TDS 500 ppm DO 5.0 6.0 LiZv: Ca2+ 100 ppm BOD 6.0 ppm (mgL1 ) Mg2+ 150 ppm COD 10.0 ppm (mgL1 ) NaCl 500 ppm cvwb‡Z Dcw¯ Z †Uªm †g․‡ji cwigv‡Yi QKt cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb †Uªm †g․‡ji bvg cwigvY cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb †Uªm †g․‡ji bvg cwigvY ‡jW (Pb) 0.1mg.L–1 gviKvwi (Hg) 0.001mg.L–1 K¨vWwgqvg (Cd) 0.01mg.L–1 Av‡m©wbK (As) 0.05mg.L–1 (evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨) we:`ª: ms¯ v EPA (Environment Protection Agency) Gi g‡Z: (i) cvwbi Av`k© TDS Gi gvb 500ppm (ii) TDS Gi gvb 1000ppm Gi g‡a¨ n‡j fv‡jv| (iii) wKš‧ TDS Gi gvb 1000ppm Gi †ewk n‡j †m cvwb eënv‡ii A‡hvM¨ nq| Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt wgVv cvwbi pH mxgv KZ Gi g‡a¨? Dt 6.5–8.5 cÖkœt cÖvK…wZK cvwbi g‡a¨ ‡Kvb cvwbB me©v‡cÿv weï× wgVv cvwb? Dt e„wói cvwb cÖkœt f~-c„‡ôi cÖvq KZfvM c`v_© cvwb Dt 75%| cÖkœt †gvU cvwbi kZKiv KZ fvM mgy‡`ªi cvwb Dt 97%| cÖkœt PÆMÖv‡gi †Kvb b`x‡Z gv‡Qi wWg cvovi Rb¨ Dt nvj`v| Dchy³? cÖkœt c„w_exi †gvU cvwbi KZfvM gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx Dt 1%| cÖkœt Avgiv †h cvwb cvb K‡i _vwK Zvi pH gvb KZ Dt 6.5-8.5| cÖkœt BOD I COD Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki? Dt Concept-3; Item-07

342 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION JnU 01. Av`k© cvwbi BOD Gi cwimxgv KZ? [JnU-Ka. 2016-17; MBSTU 2016-17, iv.†ev. 2016] A. 8-12 mgL-1 B. 1-4 mgL-1 C. 4-8 mgL-1 D. 12-16 mgL-1 mwVK DËi: B. 1-4 mgL-1 e¨vL¨v: Av`k© cvwbi BOD 1-4 mgL-1 (Ref. Kexi) 1-2 mgL-1 (Ref. gvnveye nvmvb wjsKb) JU 01. cvwb‡Z AYyRxe †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ DO Gi cwigvY _v‡KÑ [JU-A.2019-20] A. 2–3 ppm B. 4–8 ppm C. 6–15 ppm D. 20–30 ppm mwVK DËi: B. 4–8 ppm 02. c„w_exi †gvU cvwbi KZfvM gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx? [JU.2017-18] A. 10% B. 8% C. 3% D. 1% mwVK DËi: D. 1% 03. †KvbwUi cÖfv‡e Dw™¢‡ì mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqv evavMÖ¯  nq? [JU-A9.2017-18] A. CO2 B. SO2 C. NO2 D. SiO2 mwVK DËi: B. SO2 e¨vL¨v: evqy‡Z SO2 †ewk n‡j Dw™¢`‡Kvl aŸsm n‡q cvZv kywK‡q hvq| meyR †K¬v‡ivwdj bó n‡q hvq G‡K †K¬v‡ivwmm ejv nq| †K¬v‡ivwm‡mi d‡j Dw™¢‡ì mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqv evav MÖ¯  nq| 04. WHO -Gi g‡Z cyKz‡ii cvwb‡Z RjR cÖvwYi mnvqK BOD KZ mg/L? [JU-D9.2017-18] A. 10 B. 6 C. >6 D. <6 mwVK DËi: D. <6 05. mvi‡dm IqvUv‡ii weï×Zvi gvb`Ð n‡jv : [JU-A. 2016-17] i. TDS ii. pH iii. DO; wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. ii I iii B. ii C. i I iii D. i,ii I iii mwVK DËi: D. i,ii I iii RU 01. WHO Gi gvb`Ð g‡Z eY©nxb I MÜnxb cvwbi pH mxgv KZ? [RU-F3.2017-18] A. 6.5-8.5 B. 7.0-8.0 C. 5.5-7.5 D. 7.5-8.5 mwVK DËi: A. 6.5-8.5 e¨vL¨v: WHO-Gi gvb`Ð Abymv‡i cvbxq R‡ji †ÿ‡Î Av`k© pH gvb 6.5 - 8.5 nIqv evÂbxq| 02. GKwU cyKz‡ii cvwbi DO Gi gvb 4.0 cvwbwU nj- [RU-H2. 2017-18, BSMRSTU 2017-18; IU 2017-18; iv.‡ev. 2018, 2016] A. weï× cvwb B. `~wlZ cvwb C. g„`y cvwb D. ÿvixq cvwb mwVK DËi: A. weï× cvwb e¨vL¨v: Av`k© cvwbi DO Gi cwimxgv 4-8 mgL-1 /4-8 ppm CU 01. GKwU b`xi cvwbi `ªexf~Z Aw·‡Rb (DO) Gi gvb 2.0 mgL–1 | ¸YMZfv‡e D³ b`xi cvwb gvQ I Ab¨vb¨ RjR cÖvYxi †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨- [CU-A.2019-20] A. fv‡jv B. Lvivc C. AZ¨šÍ fv‡jv D. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc mwVK DËi: D. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc e¨vL¨v: b`xi cvwbi `ªexf~Z Aw·‡Rb (DO) Gi gvb 2.0 mg/L n‡j D³ b`xi cvwb gvQ I Ab¨vb¨ RjR cÖvYxi †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ Lvivc| 02. †Kvb cvwbi TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) Gi gvb KZ AwZµg Ki‡j, Zv cv‡bi Dc‡hvMx _v‡K bv? [CU. 2019-20] A. 500 ppm B. 450 ppm C. 1000 ppm D. 100 ppm mwVK DËi: C. 1000 ppm e¨vL¨v: WHO KZ…©K cvwbi MÖnY †hvM¨ gvÎv: PH 6.5-8.5 TDS 500 ppm DO 5.0-6.0 Ca2+ 100 ppm BOD 6.0 ppm Mg2+ 150 ppm COD 10.0 ppm NaCl 500 ppm cvwbi TDS 1000ppm Gi †ewk n‡j cvwbi A‡hvM¨ nq| 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK bq? [CU-Ka.2016-17] A. mgy‡`ªi cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z NaCl Gi cwigvY 2.6% B. A¯ vqx Li cvwb‡Z Ca, Mg I Fe Gi evBKve©‡bU jeY `ªexf~Z _v‡K C. ‡iwRb cvwb †_‡K K¨vUvqb I A¨vbvqb AcmviY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv D. ch©vq mviwYi 4_© I 5g ch©v‡qi cÖwZwU‡Z 18wU †g․j Av‡Q E. EDTA n‡”Q Bw_wjbWvBA¨vwgb †UUªvA¨v‡mwUK GwmW mwVK DËi: C. †iwRb cvwb †_‡K K¨vUvqb I A¨vbvqb AcmviY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv 04. GKwU b`xi cvwbi `ªexf~Z Aw·‡Rb (DO) Gi gvb 2mgL-1 | ¸YMZfv‡e D³ b`xi cvwb gvQ Ges Ab¨vb¨ RjR cÖvYxi Rb¨.....| [CU-Ka.2016-17] A. fvj B. Lvivc C. AZ¨šÍ fvj D. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc E. †KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: D. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc e¨vL¨v: b`xi †gvnbvq DO Gi gvb 6mg/L Gi †ewk _v‡K| ZvB hw` b`xi cvwbi DO Gi gvb 2mg/L nq Zv gvQ I Ab¨vb¨ RjR cÖvYxi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ Lvivc| 05. mgy‡`ªi cvwb‡Z †K¬vivB‡Wi NbZ¡ (g/ml) KZ? [CU-1. 16-17, JUST. 16-17] A. 1.16 B. 2.56 C. 5.22 D. 6.22 E. 7.98 mwVK DËi: C. 5.22 e¨vL¨v: Na+ = 2.56, Cl– = 5.22 06. COD cvwbi- [CU-F. 2015-16] A. `~l‡Yi cwigvcK B. weï×Zvi cwigvcK C. BOD Gi cwic~iK D. Dc‡ii me KwU E. ‡KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: D. Dc‡ii me KwU KU 01. bgybv cvwb‡Z DO Gi gvb 6 ppm n‡j cÖwZ 1000 kg cvwb‡Z DO Gi cwigvY KZ MÖvg? [KU. 2019-20] A. 0.006 B. 0.06 C. 0.6 D. 6.0 mwVK DËi: D. 6.0 e¨vL¨v: 6 ppm K_vwUi A_© n‡jv- 6 mgL–1 A_©vr 1kg ev 1L G O2 Gi cwigvY = 6 mg 1000 kg ev 1000 L G O2 Gi cwigvY = 6 1000 = 6000 mg = 6g IU 01. EPA cvwbi ÷¨vÛvW© TDS Gi gvb- [IU. 2019-20] A. 500 ppm B. 300 ppm C. 200 ppm D. 100 ppm mwVK DËi: A. 500 ppm e¨vL¨v: EPA (Environment Protection Agency) Gi g‡Z Av`k© TDS Gi gvb n‡jv 500 ppm| mvwe©Kfv‡e TDS Gi gvb 1000 ppm Gi g‡a¨ n‡j fv‡jv| wKš‧ Zv 1000 ppm Gi †ewk n‡j †m cvwb eënvi A‡hvM¨ nq|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 343 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 02. †h †h․M eënv‡ii d‡j Mfxi bjK~‡ci cvwb †_‡K Av‡m©wbK AcmviY Kiv hvq- [IU-A.2017-18] A. CH3OH B. A¨vjywgbv C. KI D. Fe A·vB‡Wi b¨v‡bv KYv mwVK DËi: D. Fe A·vB‡Wi b¨v‡bv KYv e¨vL¨v: Avqib A·vB‡Wi b¨v‡bv KYvi mvnv‡h¨ Mfxi bjK‚‡ci cvwb‡Z Dcw¯ Z As3+, CCl4 AcmviY K‡i weï× I `~lYgy³ cvwb mieivn Kiv nq| 03. cvwbi •Re Ac`ªe¨ Rvi‡Yi Rb¨ eëüZ Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY wb‡`©kK †KvbwU? [IU. 2015-16] A. DO B. BOD C. COD D. TDS mwVK DËi: B. BOD Agriculture 01. †Kvb Avq‡bi jeY `ªexf‚Z _vK‡j cvwb ¶vixq nq? [BAU. 2018-19] A. K+ B. Na+ C. Ca2+ D. Zn2+ mwVK DËi: C. Ca2+ e¨vL¨v: Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ I Fe2+ Gi †K¬vivBW, bvB‡UªU I mvj‡dU jeY cvwb‡Z `ªexf‚Z n‡j cvwb‡Z ¯ vqx ÿiZv nq| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. †Kvb ai‡Yi `~lK cvwbi DO Gi gvÎv Kgvq? [JUST-C: 2019-20] A. A‣Re `~lK B. ‣Re `~lK C. †ZRw®…q `~lK D. e¯‧KYv mwVK DËi: B. ‣Re `~lK 02. cvwbi weï×Zv cwigv‡ci gvb`Ð bq †KvbwU? [JUST. 2018-19; wm. †ev. 2017] A. SDS B. DO C. BOD D. pH mwVK DËi: A. SDS e¨vL¨v: cvwbi weï×Zv cwigv‡ci gvb`Ð- pH, cvwbi LiZv, DO, BOD, COD I TDS| 03. cÖvK…wZK cvwbi g‡a¨ ‡Kvb Dr‡mi cvwb me©v‡cÿv weï×? [JUST.2017-18] A. wngevn I Zzlvi B. b`xi cvwb C. e„wói cvwb D. Sibvi cvwb mwVK DËi: C. e„wói cvwb e¨vL¨v: cÖvK…wZK cvwbi g‡a¨ e„wói cvwbB me©v‡cÿv weï× wgVv cvwb| GK ckjv e„wói c‡i e„wói cvwb A‡cÿvK…Z weï× nq| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ e„wói cvwbB n‡jv cÖvK…wZK cvwZZ cvwb| 04. GKwU Rjvk‡qi cvwbi •RweK Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v (BOD) Gi gvb 420 n‡j ¸YMZfv‡e D³ Rjvk‡qi cvwb- [JUST-B.2017-18; CU. 2015-16] A. fv‡jv B. Lvivc C. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc D. ‡KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: C. AZ¨šÍ Lvivc e¨vL¨v: BOD G m‡e©v”P MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv 10 ppm (mgL–1 ) HSTU 01. ‡h cvwb‡Z AwZ Aí cwigv‡Y eR©¨ c`v_© `ªexf~Z _v‡K Zvi pH KZ? [HSTU.2017-18] A. 6.5 – 8.5 B. 7.5 – 9.5 C. 8 – 10 D. 8.5 – 10.5 mwVK DËi: A. 6.5 – 8.5 e¨vL¨v: †h cvwb‡Z Aí cwigv‡Y eR©¨ c`v_© `ªexf~Z _v‡K Zv‡KB wgVv cvwb e‡j| Avgiv cÖwZw`b †h cvwb cvb Kwi GwUB wgVv cvwb Ges Gi pH 6.5-8.5| 02. cvwb‡Z DO (Dissolved Oxygen) wbY©q Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb `ªeY †hvM Kiv nq? [HSTU-B.2016-17] A. Cl– B. I– C . weøwPs cvDWvi D. H2SO4 mwVK DËi: B. I– e¨vL¨v: cvwb‡Z DO wbY©‡qi g~jbxwZ (DBsKjvi cÖYvjx) G c×wZ‡Z g¨v½vwbR (Mn2+) je‡Yi mv‡_ bgybv cvwbi RviY NUv‡bv nq| RviY wewµqvi d‡j Mn2+ Avqb Mn4+ G cwiYZ nq| Ae‡k‡l Mn4+ ‡K Av‡qv‡WvwgwZK Abygvc‡bi gva¨‡g DO Gi cwigvY wbiƒcY Kiv nq| STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION CUET 01. †Kvb gvcKvwV eR©¨ cvwbi `~l‡Yi gvÎv wbY©‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bq?[CUET. 2015-16] A. LiZv B. DO C. BOD D. COD E. TDS mwVK DËi: A. LiZv e¨vL¨v: LiZv eR©¨ cvwb `~l‡Yi gvÎv wbY©‡q Zzjbv g~jK A‡bK Kg ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Gi †P‡q DO, BOD, COD I TDS AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb c×wZ cvwbi ¯ vqx LiZv `~i Kivi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv hvq bv? [MAT. 2019-20] A. dzUšÍKiY B. cvZb C. Sodium carbonate ms‡hvRb D. Caustic soda ms‡hvRb mwVK DËi: A. dzUšÍKiY e¨vL¨v: dzUšÍKi‡Yi gva¨‡g †Kej cvwbi A¯ vqx LiZv `~i Kiv hvq| 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU mwVK bq? [MAT.2016-17] A. mvi‡dm IqvUv‡i HNO3 GwmW `ªeYxq _v‡K B. Li cvwb‡Z Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ `ªeYxq _v‡K C. weï× cvwbi pH 7.00 D. 25C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi pH 6.5- 8.5 Gi g‡a¨ _vK‡j cvwb eY©nxb I MÜnxb nq mwVK DËi: A. mvi‡dm IqvUv‡i HNO3 GwmW `ªeYxq _v‡K e¨vL¨v: 1. mvi‡dm IqvUvi n‡jv b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, n«`, †jK, cyKzi, Sibv BZ¨vwì cvwb| hw` cwi‡ek `~wlZ bv nq Z‡e Gi pH Gi gvb 6.7-7.4 g‡a¨ _v‡K A_©vr pH wbi‡cÿ nq| hw` Gi g‡a¨ HNO3 _vK‡Zv Z‡e GwU A¤øag© cÖ`k©b Ki‡Zv| ZvB A bs AckbwU mwVK bq| 2. cvwb‡Z mvavibZ Ca2+, Mg2+, Sn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ cÖf…wZ jeY `ªexf~Z _vK‡j cvwb Li nq| cvwbi LiZv `yB ai‡bi - i. ¯ vqx ii. A¯ vqx ¯ vqx LiZv: cvwb‡Z Ca2+, Mg2+, Sn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ cÖf„wZi †K¬vivBW I mvj‡dU jeY `ªexf~Z _vK‡j cvwbi ¯ vqx LiZvi m„wó nq| ¯ vqx LiZv EDTA (wK‡jwUs G‡R›U) w`‡q `~i Kiv nq| A¯ vqx LiZv: cvwb‡Z Ca2+, Mg 2+ Gi evBKve©‡bU jeY _vK‡j cvwb A¯ vqx Li nq| A¯ vqx Li dzwU‡q `~i Kiv nq| DAT 01. evsjv‡`‡k wgVv cvwbi cÖavb Drm †KvbwU? [DAT. 2019-20] A. mgy‡`ªi cvwb B. b`xi cvwb C. f~Mf©¯  cvwb D. cyKz‡ii cvwb mwVK DËi: C. f~Mf©¯  cvwb e¨vL¨v: Concept-11, Item-01 `ªóe¨| 02. WHO Aby‡gvw`Z cvwbi `~l‡Yi COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) Gi m‡e©v”P gvÎv KZ? [DAT- 2018-19] A. 20.0 mg/l B. 15.0 mg/L C. 10.0 mg/L D. 05.0 mg/L mwVK DËi: C. 10.0 mg/L 03. WHO – Gi gvb`‡Û 25°C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi cwimi pH KZ _vKv DwPZ? [DAT. 2017-18; JU-D 2019-20] A. 6.5 – 8.2 B. 6.5 – 8.5 C. 7.0 – 7.5 D. 5.5 – 7.5 mwVK DËi: B. 6.5 – 8.5 e¨vL¨v: WHO – Gi gvb`‡Ð 25°C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi pH mxgv 6.5 – 8.5 _vKv DwPZ| ZLb cvwb eY©nxb I MÜnxb n‡e| RjR cÖvYxi Rb¨ cvwbi AbyK~j pH n‡jv 7.0 – 7.5|

344 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Board Ques. 01. cvwbi weï×Zvi gvb`Ð wb‡Pi †KvbwUi Dci wbf©i K‡i? [mw¤§wjZ. †ev. 2018] A. DOM B. BOD C. COB D. STD mwVK DËi: B. BOD e¨vL¨v: cvwbi weï×Zvi gvb`Ð A‡bK¸‡jv wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jv- LiZv, pH, DO, BOD, COD, TDS BZ¨vw`| 02. †c․i GjvKvi ‡Wª‡bi eR©¨ cvwb‡Z Dcw¯ Z TDS Kxfv‡e cwigvc Kiv nq? A. figvwÎK fv‡e B. AvqZbgvwÎK fv‡e [P.‡ev. 2016] C. M¨vmxq Dcv‡q D. K¨vjwiwgUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ mwVK DËi: A. figvwÎK fv‡e e¨vL¨v: TDS cwigv‡ci mnRc×wZ n‡”Q cwievwnZv cwigvcb wgUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Av‡cwÿK cwievwnZv cwigvc Kiv hv cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb Avq‡bi Dcw¯ wZ wba©viY K‡i| Z‡e wkíeR©¨ ev ‡c․i GjvKvi ‡Wª‡bi eR¨© cvwb‡Z D”PgvÎvi TDS _v‡K weavq Gi cwigvY figvwÎK fv‡e wbY©q Kiv nq| 03. cvwb‡Z ‡KvbwU `ªexf~Z _vK‡j cvwb ¯ vqx Li nq? A. evBKve©‡bU jeY mg~n B. ‡K¬vivBW I mvj‡dU jeY mg~n C. bvB‡UªU jeYmg~n D. M¨vmxq Dcv`vbmg~n mwVK DËi: B. ‡K¬vivBW I mvj‡dU jeY mg~n e¨vL¨v: cvwb‡Z evBKve©‡bU jeYmg~n `ªexf~Z _vK‡j A¯ vqx Ges ‡K¬vivBW I mvj‡dU `ªexf~Z _vK‡j ¯ vqx LiZv cÖvß nq| CONCEPT 12 wkíeR¨© I cvwbi `~lY Item 01: wkíeR¨© I cvwb `~l‡Yi cÖfve : wkí eR¨© cvwb `~l‡Yi cÖfve ‡K¬vi-A¨vjK¨vwj wkí ÿvi, †K¬vwib BZ¨vw` cvwb `yM©Ü nq, ¯^vfvweK is bó nq Ges DO Gi cwigvY K‡g| KuvP I wmivwgK wkí ‡d¬vivBW, NOx, SOx, HCl, HF, As, Pb, Zn, Cd, B I Wv÷ cvwb `~M©Ü nq I eY© †Nvjv‡U nq Ges DO & pH K‡g hvq| wm‡g›U wkí SO2, NOx, CO2, HCl, Hg I wm‡g›U Wv÷ ZvcgvÎv e„w×‡Z DO K‡g hvq d‡j mvqvbvBW RvBwjb Gi welwµqv †e‡o hvq| G‡Z dzmdzm I Mjbvjxi ÿwZ nq| mvevb wkí ÿvi, †K¬vwib, Pwe©, MÖxR BZ¨vw`| cvwbi `~M©Ü I ¯^vfvweK eY© webó nq Avi ÿvihy³ nIqvq BOD & COD e„w× cvq| wWUvi‡R›U wkí ÿvi weìvi, wdjvi, dm‡dU †h․M BZ¨vw`| cvwbi c„ôUvb n«vm K‡i| dm‡dU, †mvnvMv cvwbi is bó K‡i Ges Rjvk‡q BD‡Uªvwd‡Kkb nq| gÐ I KvMR wkí mvjdvBU, †dbj, Cl2, wg_vBj gviK¨vcUvb, †c›Uv‡K¬v‡iv‡dbj BZ¨vw`| cvwbi pH cwieZ©b nq Ges Kv‡jv eY© aviY K‡i| DO n«vm cvq| G‡Z mv‡jvKms‡kølY wewNœZ nq| Pvgov wkí `ªeYxq †cÖvwUb (A¨vjeywgb), •Re e¯‧, welv³ Cr, cÖPzi jeY, a~wj-gqjv, †Mvei I U¨vwbK GwmW pH cwieZ©b nq, U¨vbvwi wk‡í MÜ nq| BOD e„w× cvq DO n«vm cvq| B‡jK‡Uªv‡cøwUs wkí ÿviK, GwmW, Cu, Na, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, I Hg •RweK cÖwµqvq evav I RjR Rxe‡bi ÿwZ nq| pH wePz¨Z nq Ges mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqv e¨vnZ nq| ‡R‡b ivLv fvj: BD‡Uªvwd‡Kkbt M„n¯ vjx‡Z Rvgv Kvco ev evmbcÎ cwi®‥vi Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ wWUvi‡R‡›Ui g~j Dcv`vb n‡jv dm‡dU †h․M| GB dm‡dU †h․M my‡q‡Ri gva¨‡g wewfbœ Rjvk‡q mwÂZ n‡j †mLvbKvi •kevj RvZxq Dw™¢‡ì †cvlK Lv‡`ï cwigvY e„w× cvq Ges cvwb‡Z •kevj mv¤ªvR¨ (Algae bloom) •Zwi nq| ‣kev‡ji GB nv‡i e„w×‡K BD‡Uªvwd‡Kkb e‡j| Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt fvix avZz n‡Z gveb‡`‡n †h †iv‡Mi m„wó nq? Dt K¨vÝvi| cÖkœt cvwbi pH KZ n‡j Zv Rx‡ei Rb¨ cÖvYbvkK?Dt 4.5 Gi Kg I 9.5 A‡cÿv †ewk| cÖkœt me‡P‡q †ewk B-eR©¨ †dj‡Q †Kvb †`k? Dt hy³ivóª| cÖkœt mvevb I wWUvi‡R›U n‡Z †Kvb ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb? cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z n‡q me‡P‡q †ewk cvwb `~lY NUvq? Dt dm‡dU| cÖkœt Rwg‡Z AwZwi³ BDwiqv mvi eënvi Ki‡j cvwb‡Z AeëüZ †Kvb g~jK †_‡K hvq? Dt bvB‡UªU| cÖkœt nvRvixevM †_‡K Pvgov I PvgovRvZ mKj wkí KviLvbv †Kv_vq ¯ vbvšÍ‡ii bxwZMZ wm×všÍ nq? Dt mvfv‡i| cÖkœt cwi®‥viK wnmv‡e ms‡køwlZ wWUvi‡R›U eënv‡ii cwie‡Z© Kx eënvi Ki‡j cvwb `~lY n«vm cv‡e? Dt ev‡qvwW‡MÖ‡Wej wWUvi‡R›U| REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION JnU 01. cÖ¯ÍvweZ ivgcvj we`y¨r‡K‡›`ª cÖavb `~lYKvix Dcv`vb †KvbwU? [JnU-Ka. 2016-17] A. CO B. SO3 C. NH3 D. CO2 mwVK DËi: B. SO3 e¨vL¨v: Zvc we`y¨r Drcv`b †K‡›`ª eY©nxb I A¤øxq MÜhy³ `~lYKvix SO2 I SO3 Drcbœ nq| G me evqy `~lK GwmW e„wó NUvq| bv‡K I †Pv‡L R¡vjv, k¦vmbvwj‡Z cÖ`vn Ges eªsKvBwUm I nuvcvwb †ivM m„wó K‡i| 02. U¨vbvwi wkíKviLvbv †_‡K wbM©Z †Kvb eR©¨wU cvwb `~l‡Yi cÖavb Drm? [JnU-Ka. 2016-17] A. †µvwgqvg B. Kcvi C. wRsK D. †jW mwVK DËi: A. †µvwgqvg

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 345 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES JU 01. gvK©vwi m„ó cÖavb ¯^v¯ ¨ SzuwK wK? [JU-A9.2017-18] A. wKWwb‡Z mgm¨v B. wjfv‡i mgm¨v C. A‡¯¿ mgm¨v D. mœvqyZ‡š¿ mgm¨v mwVK DËi: D. mœvqyZ‡š¿ mgm¨v e¨vL¨v: gvK©vwi m„ó cÖavb ¯^v¯ ¨SzuwK nj ¯øvqyZ‡š¿ mgm¨v GQvovI gv_v aiv, †c‡U e¨_v, Dìvgq I wKWwb mgm¨v †`Lv hvq| 02. †KvbwUi †ÿ‡Î †nbixi m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨? [JU-D3.2017-18] A. HCl B. NH3 C. SO3 D. CO2 mwVK DËi: D. CO2 e¨vL¨v: ‡h mKj M¨vm cvwb‡Z ¯^í gvÎvq `ªeYxq Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î †nbixi m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨| †hgb- O2, N2, CO2, Ar BZ¨vw`| 03. gvbe‡`‡n †KvbwUi Avwa‡Kï Kvi‡Y A¨vwbwgqv n‡Z cv‡i? [JU-D9.2017-18] A. Fe2+ B. Zn2+ C. Cr3+ D. Na2+ mwVK DËi: C. Cr3+ e¨vL¨v: AwaK Cr3+ `~l‡Yi d‡j RBC †Z †j․n (Fe2+) †kvlY evav cvq| d‡j wn‡gv‡Møvweb •Zwi‡Z evav m„wói Kvi‡Y A¨vwbwgqv ev i³k~Y¨Zv †ivM †`Lv hvq| RU 01. †KvbwU †jW `~l‡Yi cÖfve bq? [RU-C3.2017-18] A. d¨vwU wjfvi B. `vu‡Zi gvwo bxjvf nIqv C. i³k~b¨Zv D. Mf©eZx gwnjvi g„Z mšÍvb cÖme mwVK DËi: A. d¨vwU wjfvi e¨vL¨v: Pb- Gi cÖfvemg~n nj :- i) wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`‡b evav ‡`q, d‡j A¨vwbwgqvi ev i³k~Y¨Zv †`Lv †`q| ii) i³Pvc e„w× K‡i| iii) gw¯Í‡®‥i †Kvl bó K‡i †`q| d‡j wkïi I.Q Gi gvivZ¥K n«vm N‡U| iv) Mf©eZ©x gwnjv g„Z mšÍvb cÖme K‡i| v) `vu‡Zi gvwo bxjvf nq| vi) i‡³i wng ms‡køl‡Y evuav cÖ`vb K‡i| d‡j wn‡gv‡Møvweb wewbó nq CU 01. ivmvqwbK mvi Øviv RjR Dw™¢‡ì `ªæZ e„w×i Kvi‡Y m„ó RjR cwi‡ek `~lY‡K wK e‡j? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. Nitration B. Eutrophication C. Nutrition D. Biomagnification E. Solidification mwVK DËi: B. Eutrophication STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. h‡kv‡ii KZ kZvsk f~-Mf©¯  cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wbK `~lYgvÎv 50 mgL–1 Gi †ewk? [JUST-A: 2018-19] A. 96% B. 66% C. 51% D. 49% mwVK DËi: C. 51% e¨vL¨v: weªwUk wRIjwRKvj mv‡f© KZ…©K cÖKvwkZ evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ †Rjvi Av‡m©wbK `~lYhy³ (>50mgl-1 ) f‚-Mf©¯  cvwbi kZKiv cwigvY| †Rjv % f‚-Mf©¯  cvwb †Rjv % f‚-Mf©¯  cvwb XvKv 37% ‡bvqvLvjx 75% †MvcvjMÄ 94% cvebv 17% h‡kvi 51% ivRkvnx 6% Lyjbv 32% wm‡jU 19% HSTU 01. †K¬vwibhy³ •Re `ªveK mg~‡ni ev®ú k¦v‡mi m‡½ kix‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡j Zv wb‡Pi †Kvb A‡½i we‡kl ÿwZmvab K‡i? [HSTU-D.2017-18] A. wjfvi B. wKWbx C. nvU© D. ‡eªBb mwVK DËi: A. wjfvi e¨vL¨v: n¨v‡jv‡Rbhy³ †h․M †hgb †K¬v‡ivdig, Kve©b ‡UUªv‡K¬vivBW, †K¬v‡ivwg‡_b ev †K¬v‡ivB‡_b j¨ve‡iUwii †Wª‡b ev Db¥y³ ¯ v‡b cwiZ¨vM Ki‡j Zv †_‡K wbM©Z ev®ú wbtk^v‡mi m‡½ kix‡i Xz‡K wjfvi‡K ÿwZMÖ¯  K‡i hvi cwiYvg n‡jv RwÛm ev wjfvi wm‡ivwm‡mi gZ cÖvYNvZx †ivM| 02. evqy‡Z H2S Gi KZ ppm gvby‡li g„Zz¨ NUvq? [HSTU-D.2017-18] A. 20 B. 30 C. 40 D. 50 mwVK DËi: D. 50 e¨vL¨v: evqy‡Z H2S -Gi cwigvY 50 ppm _vK‡j g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ NU‡Z cv‡i| 03. gvbe kix‡i wb‡¤œi †Kvb avZzi AvwaK¨ i‡³ wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`‡b evav cÖ`vb K‡i? [HSTU-D.2017-18; Kz. †ev.15] A. Cd B. Cr C. Fe D. Pb mwVK DËi: B. Cr & D. Pb e¨vL¨v: Pb I Cr wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`‡b evuav †`q| d‡j A¨vwbwgqvi m„wó nq| CONCEPT 13 cvwbi Av‡m©wbK `~lY I KviY g~j welq we¯ÍvwiZ ZË¡ Av‡m©wbK LwbR mvjdvBW wb‡Kv wb‡KvjvBU (NiAs) wb‡Kj MøvÝ (NiAsS) Really wiq¨vjM¨vi (As2S2) Awc©i Iiwc‡g›U (As2S3) UvBU †cÖ‡g †KvevëvBU (CoAsS) cBiv Av‡m©‡bv cvBivBUm (Fe2S2As2) jvBU n‡q †M‡Q Av‡m©‡bvjvBU (As2O3) Av‡m©wbK `~lY I `~l‡Yi KviY (i) ‡jvnv I Al- A·vB‡Wi ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m©wbK †h․‡Mi `ªve¨Zv K‡g hvq| (ii) gvwUi pH Kg n‡j I Av‡m©wbK †h․‡M RviY wefe Kg n‡j cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki cwigvY ev‡o| (iii) A¤øxq gvwU‡Z (pH 6.7) Av‡m©wbK H2AsO4 - Avqbiƒ‡c Ges ÿvixq gvwU‡Z (pH 8.9) HAsO4 2– Avqbiƒ‡c _v‡K| cvwb `~l‡Y wewfbœ Av‡m©wbK †h․M: (i) k~b¨ RviY Ae¯ v ev †g․wjK Av‡m©wbK (‡gUvj‡qW)| (ii) +3 RviY Ae¯ vq Avm©vBb (AsH3) M¨vm, Av‡m©wbK A·vBW(As2O3), Av‡m©bvBU (AsO2 - )| (iii) +5 RviY Ae¯ vq Av‡m©bvBU (AsO4 3- ) Avqbiƒ‡c gvwU‡Z _v‡K| Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Yi ÿwZKi cÖfve: (i) Av‡m©wbK GKwU AwZ cwiwPZ, Ògbyl¨ Kviwm‡bv‡RbÓ A_©¨vr gvby‡li †`‡n K¨vÝvi m„wóKvix Dcv`vb| (ii) Av‡m©wb‡Ki cÖv_wgK A¨vwKDU welwµqvi ev cwicvKZ‡š¿i Dr‡mP‡Ki ¯^vfvweK wµqvq weNœ m„wó nq| (iii) Av‡m©wb‡Ki `xN©w`‡bi µwbK ev welwµqv ev Av‡m©wb‡Kvwmm Gi cÖavb DcmM© n‡jv nv‡Zi Zvjy I cv‡qi cvZvq †Qvc-‡Qvc Kv‡jv ùvM I ÿZ ev M¨vsMÖxb m„wó nq hv Òeø¨vK dzU wWwRRÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ| gvby‡li ¯^v‡¯ ï Dci welwµqvi DaŸ©µg Avm©vBj M¨vm >Avmv©Bb M¨vm>Av‡m©bvBU (A‣Re) > Av‡m©b A·vBW (‣Re, wÎ‡hvRx) > Av‡m©‡bU(A‣Re) > Av‡m©wbK (‡gUvj‡qW)|

346 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item-01: welv³ Avm©vBb M¨vm gvwU‡K I f~Mf©¯  cvwb‡K welv³ K‡i| fz‡j hvIqv wb‡la : gvwUi Dcv`v‡b Kv`vgvwU Kg A_©vr Al2O3 Kg _vK‡j Av‡m©bvBU (AsO2 ) †kvlY Kg N‡U| Av‡m©wbK †h․M ms‡KZ ev Avqb ÿwZKi cÖfv‡ei gvÎv ÿwZKi cÖfv‡ei µg Avmv©Bb M¨vm AsH3 AZ¨šÍ `ªæZ I †ewk Av‡m©wb‡Ki RviY msL¨v evo‡j ÿwZi cÖfve K‡g hvq Av‡m©wbK †h․M As3+ ax‡i ax‡i wKš‧ e¨vcK Av‡m©‡bU †h․M As5+ ax‡i ax‡i, Zyjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg ‣Re Av‡m©wbK †h․M R–As–X ax‡i ax‡i Ges Kg we:`ª: Av‡m©wb‡Ki wÎ‡hvRx ev +3 RviY Ae¯ vq RxeMR‡Zi Ici me‡P‡q †ewk welwµqv m„wó K‡i| As Gi welwµqvi ZxeªZvi µg : Avm©vBb M¨vm > Av‡m©bvBU > Av‡m©b A·vBW > Av‡m©‡bU > Av‡m©wbK| welwµqvi ZxeªZv g‡b ivLvi wUªK&m : mvB‡bi BU A·vB‡Wi †bU wbKmvB‡bi Avm©vBb M¨vm BU Av‡m©bvBU A·vB‡Wi Av‡m©b A·vBW †bU Av‡m©‡bU wbK Av‡m©wbK Av‡m©wbK m¤úwK©Z msL¨vg~jK Z_¨: welq gvb gvwU‡Z As Gi Mo NbZ¡ 7.2 ppm ev 5.6 mg/kg cvbxq R‡j As Gi Mo cwigvc 2.5 ppb As Gi wbivc` gvÎv (WHO) 0.01 mg L1 cvbxq R‡j m‡e©v”P MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv (WHO) 0.04 - 0.05 ppm gvbe kix‡i m‡e©v”P mnbkxj gvÎv (TLV) 0.05 mg L1 evsjv‡`‡ki cvbxq R‡j As Gi m‡e©v”P MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv 0.05 ppm Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt Av‡m©wb‡Ki cÖavb Drm wiq¨vjMvi Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU? Dt As2S2 cÖkœt Av‡m©wbK welwµqv m„wó‡Z †ewk Dc‡hvMx †Kvb Ae¯ v? Dt wÎ‡hvRx| cÖkœt cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wbK Kq fv‡e _vK‡Z cv‡i? Dt Pvi| cÖkœt cvwb‡Z †Kvb Dcv`v‡bi cwigvY Kg n‡j As Gi cÖ‡e‡ki ÿgZv †e‡o hvq? Dt Al I Fe cÖkœt A¤øxq gvwU‡Z (pH 6.7) †Kvb Avqbiƒ‡c _v‡K Av‡m©wbK? Dt H2AsO4 - cÖkœt ÿvixq gvwU‡Z (pH 8.9) †Kvb Avqbiƒ‡c _v‡K Av‡m©wbK? Dt HAsO4 2- cÖkœt ‡Kvb `~l‡Yi d‡j gw¯Í‡®‥i †Kvl webó nq? Dt Pb cÖkœt gviKvwi RwbZ `~l‡Yi d‡j †KvbwU †`Lv hvq? Dt gvbwmK `~e©jZv cÖkœt Mf©cvZ ev g„Z mšÍvb cÖme N‡U †Kvb `~lYRwbZ cvwbi Kvi‡Y? Dt ‡jW cÖkœt cvK¯ wj‡Z cÖ`v‡ni m„wó ‡KvbwUi cÖZ¨ÿ ms®ú‡k©i Kvi‡Y N‡U? Dt As cÖkœt cvj‡gvbvwi BwWgv m„wó nq †KvbwUi cÖZ¨ÿ ms¯ú‡k©? Dt As cÖkœt Kvi cÖfv‡e †K›`ªxq Ges cÖvšÍxq bvf©Z‡š¿i AšÍM©Z wbDi‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv webó n‡q hvq? Dt wn‡gvjvBwmm| cÖkœt Av‡m©wb‡Ki ¯ vqx welwµqvi d‡j †KvbwUi wgD‡Ukb N‡U? Dt DNA REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. cvwb‡Z Cd `~l‡Yi d‡j ‡Kvb DcmM© ‡`Lv hvq? [DU. 2016-17, JU-D. 2017-18] A. e„° I dzmdz‡mi ¯^vfvweK wµqv wewNœZ nq B. gw¯Í‡®‥i ‡Kvl webó nq C. wkï‡`i AvBwKD n«vm N‡U D. Mf©cvZ ev g„Z mšÍvb cÖme mwVK DËi: A. e„° I dzmdz‡mi ¯^vfvweK wµqv wewNœZ nq e¨vL¨v: cvwb Cd `~l‡Yi d‡j i³Pvc e„w×, e„° I dzmdz‡mi ¯^vfvweK wµqv wewNœZ nIqv, Aw¯ i f½yi nIqv I Aw¯ i ms‡hvM¯ ‡j e¨_v Abyfe Kivmn wewfbœ ‡ivM I †iv‡Mi Dcm‡M©i m„wó nq| JU 01. `xN©w`b Av‡m©wbKhy³ cvwb cvb Ki‡j †Kvb ‡ivM n‡Z cv‡i? [JU-D2. 17-18] A. `„wónxbZv B. ewaiZ¡ C. Aw¯ i A½yiZv D. wjfvi wm‡ivwmm mwVK DËi: D. wjfvi wm‡ivwmm O2 RviY ev (qyR) (HO)2 As3 O 4 Av‡m©bvBU AsO2 – weRviY RviY weRviY e¨vK‡Uwiqv (AevqyR) H3ªvBwg_vBj Avm©vBb Av‡m©‡bU AlAsO4 Aat‡ÿc Al3+ HAsO4 2 p8. A4 2– pH 6.7

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 347 ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES e¨vL¨v: `xN©w`b Av‡m©wbKhy³ cvwb cvb Ki‡j wjfvi wm‡ivwmm, dzmdzm I g~Îbvwj‡Z K¨vÝvi n‡Z cv‡i| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î Av‡m©wb‡Ki ¯ vqx welwµqvi Kvi‡Y bi‡gvmvBwUK, A¨vwbwgqv, _ª‡¤^vmvB‡Uvwcwbqv, A¨vcøvw÷K A¨vwbwgqv Ges c¨vbmvB‡Uvwcwbqvi g‡Zv KwVb ‡iv‡Mi m„wó nq| 02. A¤øxq gvwU‡Z Av‡m©wbK Avqb Kx iƒ‡c we`¨gvb? [JU-D5.2017-18] A. H2AsO4 – B. HAsO4 2– C. AsO2– D. As2O3 mwVK DËi: A. H2AsO4 – e¨vL¨v: Av‡m©wbK A¤øxq gvwU‡Z H2AsO4 – Ges ÿvixq gvwU‡Z HAsO4 2– Avqb iƒ‡c _v‡K| CU 01. evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ LvIqvi cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki m‡e©v”P MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv KZ? [CU-G. 2016-17; JU-A, Set-D. 2019-20; Xv.†ev. 2019] A. 0.01 mg/L B. 0.035 mg/ L C. 0.05 mg/ L D. 0.07 mg/ L E. 0.1 mg/ L mwVK DËi: C. 0.05 mg/ L e¨vL¨v: wek¦ ¯^v¯ ¨ ms¯ v (WHO) Gi w`‡K wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki wbivc` gvÎv 0.01mgL–1 | M‡elYvq ‡`Lv hvq evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ gvbe‡`‡n Av‡m©wb‡Ki m‡e©v”P mnbmxgv 0.05mgL–1 wKš‧ evsjv‡`‡ki ‡ek K‡qKwU †Rjvq bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki cwigvY 0.25mgL–1 02. cÖvYx †`‡ni †Kvb ¯ v‡b Av‡m©wbK mwÂZ nIqvi cÖeYZv †ewk? [CU. 16-17] A. gvsm B. wkiv C. Pwe© D. i³ mwVK DËi: C. Pwe© e¨vL¨v: Av‡m©wbK wjwcW ev Pwe©i mv‡_ hy³ nq| 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU eø¨vKdzU wWwR‡Ri Rb¨ `vqx? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. K¨vWwgqvg B. BD‡iwbqvg C. Rv‡g©wbqvg D. †iWb E. Av‡m©wbK mwVK DËi: E. Av‡m©wbK 04. Av‡m©wbK welwµqvi KviY- [CU-F. 2015-16] A. ATP Drcv`‡b evav †`qv B. k¦vm cÖk¦v‡m evav †`qv C. O2 mieiv‡n evav †`qv D. CO2 cwien‡b evav †`qv E. Dc‡ii me KwU mwVK DËi: E. Dc‡ii me KwU IU 01. Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Yi fqvenZv †`Lv †M‡Q- [IU. 2014-15] A. ïaygvÎ evsjv‡`‡k B. fviZ-Dcgvnv‡`‡k C. we‡k¦i 20 wU †`‡k D. we‡k¦i 50wU †`‡k mwVK DËi: C. we‡k¦i 20 wU †`‡k e¨vL¨v: we‡k¦i 70wU †`‡k 137 wgwjqb †jvK Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Y fyM‡Q| (mgxÿv 2007) wKš‧ Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Yi fqvenZv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q 20wU †`‡k| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BSMRSTU 01. evsjv‡`‡ki cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv KZ? [BSMRSTU-H.2017-18, CU- G. 16-17; P.‡ev.15; wm.‡ev.15; iv.‡ev.17] A. 0.10 ppm B. 0.05 mg/L C. 0.05 g/L D. 0.01 ppm mwVK DËi: B. 0.05 mg/L e¨vL¨v: evsjv‡`‡k Av‡m©wb‡Ki MÖnY †hvM¨ gvÎv 0.05ppm ev 0.05 mg/L 02. BU fvUvq R¡vjvwbi Am¤ú~Y© `n‡b wb‡Pi †Kvb †h․MwU m„wó nq? [BSMRSTU-C.2017-18] A. CO2 B. CO C. SO3 D. NH3 mwVK DËi: B. CO e¨vL¨v: wkí KviLvbvq R¡vjvwbi Am¤ú~Y© `n‡bi d‡j CO Drcbœ nq| HSTU 01. Av‡m©wb‡Ki †Kvb Ae¯ vwU me‡P‡q †ewk ÿwZKi? [HSTU-B.17-18] A. As(II) B. As(III) C. As (IV) D. As(V) mwVK DËi: B. As(III) e¨vL¨v: •Re Av‡m©wb‡Ki Zzjbvq A‣Re Av‡m©wbK †ewk welv³ Ges A‣Re Av‡m©wb‡K cuvP‡hvRx Av‡m©wb‡Ki Zzjbvq wZb‡hvRx Av‡m©wbK †ewk welv³| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION DAT 01. wek¦ ¯^v¯ ¨ ms¯ vi wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx cvbxq R‡j Av‡m©wb‡Ki wbivc` gvÎv KZ? [MAT. 2019-20] A. 0.1 mg/L B. 1 mg/L C. 0.001 mg/L D. 0.01 mg/L mwVK DËi: D. 0.01 mg/L e¨vL¨v: WHO Øviv ¯^xK…Z As G MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv 0.01 ppm wKš‧ evsjv‡`‡k MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv 0.05 ppm| 02. wb‡¤œi †KvbwUi Kvi‡Y c„w_ex‡Z gvby‡li g„Zzï cÖe„w× †e‡o‡Q- [DAT. 2017-18] A. moK `yN©Ubvq B. ZvgvK I gv`K `ªe¨ MÖn‡Y C. evqy `~l‡Y D. K¨vÝv‡i mwVK DËi: C. evqy `~l‡Y CONCEPT 14 Lv`¨ k„•L‡j fvix avZz hy³ nIqvi KviY I cÖfve ZË¡ ‡jW (Pb) K¨vWwgqvg(Cd) ‡µvwgqvg (Cr) Drm mxmvi cÖavb AvKwiK M¨v‡jbv (PbS)| GQvov hvbevn‡bi †auvqv Gi Ab¨Zg Drm(98%) K¨vWwgqv‡gi GKgvÎ AvKwiK MÖx‡bvKUvBU (CdS) ‡µvgvBU (FeCr2O4) MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvÎv WHO Gi g‡Z 50ppb ev 50 102 ppm i‡³: 10ppb g„wËKvq: 4.5ppm gvby‡li g~‡Î: 1 42g/m3 cvbxq R‡j: 5ppb evqygÐ‡j: 0.001 0.048 g/m3 GKRb c~Y© eq¯‥ gvby‡li Rb¨ cÖwZw`b cÖvq 0.06mg Cr 3+ Avek¨K| welwµqvi cÖfve †j‡Wi welwµqvi ùv‡Zi gvwo bxjvf nq| †jW wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`b evav †`q| d‡j A¨vwbwgqv ev i³ïb¨Zv †`Lv †`q| †jW `~l‡Yi d‡j Mf©eZx gwnjv g„Z mšÍvb cÖme K‡ib| K¨vWwgqvg `~wlZ evqy †_‡K cÖk^v‡mi gva¨‡g dzmdz‡mi ¯^vfvweK wµqv evavcÖvß nq| d‡j wKWbx bó n‡q hvq| K¨vWwgqvg µwbK welwµqvi Aw¯ -mwÜ‡Z Zxeª hš¿Yv m„wó nq| Aw¯ i g‡a¨ wQ`ªhy³ Aw÷I‡cv‡ivwmm nq ÔAw¯  f½yi nq, Aí AvNvZ †c‡j Aw¯  †f‡½ hvqÕ| †µvwgqvg `~lY Øviv gvby‡li cwicvKZš¿, k^vmZš¿, cÖRbb Zš¿, †ivM cÖwZ‡iva wm‡÷g cÖf…wZ AvµvšÍ nq| †µvwgqvg (VI) Avqb gvby‡li kix‡i K¨vÝvi m„wóKvix ÔKviwm‡bv‡RbÕ wn‡m‡e MY¨|

348 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ZË¡ ‡jW (Pb) K¨vWwgqvg(Cd) ‡µvwgqvg (Cr) mvZ eQ‡ii Kg eq‡mi wkïi †jW welv³Zvq gw¯Í‡®‥i ¯^vfvweK e„w× e¨vnZ nq. wkïi eyw×e„wË ev IQ n«vm nq| K¨vWwgqvg `~l‡Yi welwµqvq Aw¯  KvVv‡gvi we‡kl †ivM ÔBUvB-BUvB ev AvDP-AvDPÕ †`Lv †`q| †cÖv‡÷U K¨vÝvi I dzmdz‡mi K¨vÝvi m„wó‡Z K¨vWwgqvg Gi f~wgKv cÖgvwYZ| †µvwgqvg (III) ‡h․‡Mi †P‡q †µvwgqvg (VI) ‡h․‡Mi welwµqv AwaK gvivZ¥K| AwaK (Cr3+) `~l‡Yi d‡j (VI) ‡h․‡Mi welwµqv AwaK gvivZ¥K| giY gvÎv cÖvß eq¯‥ GKRb e¨w³i †`‡n †j‡Wi cwigvY 50ppb Gi †ewk Ges i‡³ 610ppb Gi †ewk n‡j †j‡Wi welwµqv cÖKvk cvq| gvby‡li †ÿ‡Î 1 MÖvg gvby‡li kix‡i AwjwLZ giY gvÎv Cr (VI) Gi Rb¨ M‡o 1-3 MÖvg (Ref: Meditext 2005) mxmvhy³ M¨v‡mvwjb R¡vjvwb †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi KxUbvkK [Pb(AsO4)2] †cB›U msKi avZz cvBc, e›`y‡Ki ¸wj (shots) ÿqKviK (corrosive) c`v_© msiÿ‡Yi cvÎ iÄb iwk¥ †kvlK Xvj (Shield) cÖf…wZ| †gvU avZzi cÖvq 60% eëüZ nq B‡jK‡Uªv‡cøwUs wk‡í cÖgvY Zwor ivmvqwbK †Kvl NiCd e¨vUvwi PVC ivevi •Zwi iÄb wk‡í CdS KuvP I wPbvgvwUi wk‡í CdO d‡UvMÖvwd d‡UvMÖvwd‡Z K¨vWwgqvg †eªvgvBW I Av‡qvWvBW K…wl Drcv`‡b eëüZ dm‡dU mv‡ii m‡½| nv_© I Ab¨vb¨ Pzwjø‡Z `ye©j (refractory) cÖ‡jc wn‡m‡e †U·UvBj wk‡í giWv›U wn‡m‡e Cr2(SO4)3 eëüZ nq is, evwb©m I †cv‡m©wjb wk‡í Cr2(SO4)3 eëüZ nq M‡elYvMv‡i gvwÎK we‡køl‡Y K2Cr2O7 eëüZ nq iÄKwk‡í K2Cr2O7, BaCrO4 (†jgb BI‡jv) I PbCrO4 (†µvg BI‡jv) eëüZ nq| we‡kl Z_¨ (i) wg_vBj gvK©vwi gv‡Qi gva¨‡g kix‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i wgbvgvZv bvgK †ivM m„wó K‡i| (ii) Mn hy³ cvwb MÖnY Ki‡j ¯œvqy †ivM nq| (iii) wU‡bi cv‡Î evRviK…Z ¸ov `y‡a †j‡Wi cwigvY 2g/L (iv) Pb2+ nv‡oi gyL¨ Dcv`vb Ca2+ †K AcmvwiZ K‡i nv‡o mwÂZ _vK‡Z cv‡i| GK bR‡i A‣Re `~lK mg~‡ni ÿwZKi cÖfve: cÖfve Av‡m©wbK mxmv K¨vWwgqvg †µvwgqvg k¦vmZ‡š¿ cvj‡gvbvwi BwWgv, eª¼vBwUm| - wµqv euvavcÖvß nq| eª¼vBwUm| i³k~b¨Zv wKWwb‡Z Kvh©ÿgZv n«vm| Kvh©ÿgZv n«vm| cv_i m„wó| †ibvj wUDweD‡j ÿZ| K¨vÝvi dzmdzm, w¯‥b, wjfvi, wKWwb, gyÎ_wj| - †cÖv‡÷U I dzmdzm| dzmdzm| we‡kl †ivM eø¨vK dzU wWwRR| ùv‡Zi gvwo bxjvf| ÔBUvB-BUvBÕ ev AvDP-AvDP| Chronic Chromate Lung. Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœt Lv`¨k„•L‡j hy³ Ab¨Zg fvix avZz †KvbwU? Dt Cr cÖkœt Lv`¨k„•L‡j Cr avZz hy³ nIqvicÖavb Drm †KvbwU? Dt U¨vbvwi wkí cÖkœt U¨vbvwi wk‡í †µvg U¨vwbs Gi mgq me‡P‡q †ewk cwigvY Kx eëüZ nq? DtCr2 (SO4 )3 cÖkœt Zn, Cu, Pb avZz wb®‥vkbKv‡j †Kvb avZz wkíeR©¨ wnmv‡e cwi‡e‡k P‡j Av‡m? Dt Cd cÖkœt AšÍ`©n BwÄ‡b R¡vjvwb †c‡Uªv‡ji mv‡_ Gw›UbK wnmv‡e eëüZ nq? Dt TEL cÖkœt kix‡ii Z¡K Øviv †kvwlZ nq †KvbwU? Dt TEL cÖkœt RgvUKvix wel wnmv‡e Kq ai‡bi ‣Re ivmvqwbK cÖfve cwijwÿZ nq? Dt wZb| cÖkœt GKRb c~Y© eq®‥ e¨w³i cÖwZw`b As5+ cÖ‡qvRb? Dt 0.03mg cÖkœt e„‡°i †ibvj wUDweD‡j ÿ‡Zi m„wó K‡i †KvbwU? Dt Cr cÖkœt Lv`¨bvwj‡Z Avjmvi I K¨vÝvi m„wó K‡i †KvbwU? Dt Cr cÖkœt As3+ kix‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`‡b evav w`‡q †Kvb †ivM m„wó K‡i? DtA¨vwbwgqv cÖkœt i‡³ †ng (Heme) ms‡køl‡Y evav cÖavb K‡i †KvbwU? Dt Pb cÖkœt ‡KvbwUi gvÎv ‡e‡o †M‡j wKWwb wm‡÷‡gi RwUjZv †`Lv †`q? Dt Pb cÖkœt ‡Kvb avZz wkïi gw¯Í®‥ †Kv‡li wefvR‡bi †ÿ‡Î evav m„wó K‡i? Dt Pb cÖkœt wkïi AvB.wKD Gi gvivZ¥K n«vm N‡U †KvbwUi Kvi‡Y? Dt Pb cÖkœt Pvj, Wvj, Mg, gvQ-gvsm cÖf…wZ Lv`¨k„•L‡ji gva¨‡g gvby‡li kix‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i †Kvb `~lY Dcv`vb? Dt Cd cÖkœt gvby‡li kix‡ii i‡³ Cd Gi ¯^vfvweK gvÎv KZ? Dt 10 ppb cÖkœt e„× eq‡m gvby‡li Aw¯  mwÜi Zxeª hš¿bvi g~j KviY? Dt Cd cÖkœt Cd avZz †kvl‡Yi d‡j m„ó †iv‡Mi bvg Kx? DtBUvB-BUvB| †`‡ki †e÷ wUPvi‡ì mgš^‡q M„n wkÿ‡Ki weKí GKgvÎ mnvwqKv Ò†¯úkvj cÖ¯‧wZ wmwiRÓ ∎ Rvweb‡jR ∎ dvg©vb‡jR ∎ WRITTEN BLOG ∎ mv¤úªwZK †bUIqvK© [mvaviY Ávb 1, 2, 3]

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 349 ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION RU 01. Cr3+ `~l‡Yi d‡j RBC †Z †KvbwU †kvwlZ nq bv? [RU. 2018-19] A. Fe2+ B. Fe3+ C. Fe D. Zn mwVK DËi: A. Fe2+ e¨vL¨v: AwaK Cr+3 `~l‡Yi d‡j RBC-‡Z †j․n (Fe2+) ‡kvlY evav cvq| d‡j wn‡gv‡Møvweb •Zix‡Z evav m„wói Kvi‡Y A¨vwbwgqv ev i³ k~b¨Zv †ivM †`Lv †`q| 02. A¨vm‡e÷m †Kvb †ivM m„wó K‡i? [RU-G1.2017-18] A. K¨vÝvi B. nuvcvwb C. hÿv D. Avgvkq mwVK DËi: A. K¨vÝvi (dzmdz‡mi K¨vÝvi)| JU 01. †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii gva¨‡g †Kvb avZz fvix Lv`¨k„•L‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i? [JU-A.2019-20] A. Cd B. As C. Pb D. Cr mwVK DËi: C. Pb 02. fvix avZy ¸‡jv- [JU-6.2017-18] A.gvwU‡Z LwbRiƒ‡c cvIqv hvq bv B. AZ¨šÍ mwµq C. Dw™¢‡ì †g․wjK Kg©Kv‡Û evav m„wó K‡i D. `ye©j RviK mwVK DËi: A.gvwU‡Z LwbRiƒ‡c cvIqv hvq bv e¨vL¨v: cÖK…wZ‡Z fvix avZzmgyn f~Z¡‡K cvIqv hvq| Giv gvwUi wewfbœ avZzi AvKwi‡Ki ms‡½ hy³ _v‡K| 03. †Kvb avZzi welwµqvq `vu‡Zi gvwo bxjvf nq? [JU-D7.2017-18] A. Pb B. Cd C. Cr D. As mwVK DËi: A. Pb e¨vL¨v: †j‡Wi (Pb) welwµqvq ùv‡Zi gvwo bxjvf nq| GQvovI †j‡Wi welwµqvq wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`b e¨vnZ nq Ges wkïi eyw×gËv n«vm cvq| Agriculture 01. cvwb‡Z †Kvb Avq‡bi NbgvÎv e„w× †c‡j gv‡Qi k¦vmKvh© evav cÖvß nq? [BAU,Set-KHA: 2018-19] A. Al3+ B. Na+ C. Ca2+ D. K+ mwVK DËi: A. Al3+ e¨vL¨v: cvwb‡Z A¨vjywgwbqv‡gi NbgvÎv evo‡j cvwb eøU nq| d‡j eøU cvwb‡Z gv‡Qi k¦vm Kvh© evavcÖvß nq| 02. Pvgov wk‡íi e‡R©¨ †Kvb welv³ avZz we`¨gvb _v‡K? [BAU,Set-KHA: 2018-19] A. As B. Hg C. Cr D. Cd mwVK DËi: C. Cr STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION JUST 01. gvbe kix‡i wb‡¤œi †Kvb avZzi AvwaK¨ i‡³ wn‡gv‡Møvweb Drcv`‡b evav cÖ`vb K‡i? [JUST-B. 2016-17, HSTU. 2017-18, Kz. †ev.1015] A. Cd B. Cr C. Fe D. Pb mwVK DËi: D. Pb 02. KZ ZvcgvÎvq K¨vÝvi †Kvl gviv hvq? [JUST-B. 2016-17, BSMRSTU. 2013-14] A. 104.6F B. 107.6F C. 110.6F D. 114.6F mwVK DËi: B. 107.6F e¨vL¨v: 41.8-42C ev 107.2 - 107.6F ZvcgvÎvq K¨vÝvi †Kvl gviv hvq hv‡K nvBcvi_viwgqv ejv nq| 03. †Kvb avZe Avqb K¨vÝvi m„wó K‡i? [JUST-C. 2016-17] A. Cr2+ B. Cr3+ C. Cr4+ D. Cr5+ E. Cr6+ mwVK DËi: E. Cr6+ 04. †Kvb avZzi Avqb nv‡oi ÿq mvab K‡i? [JUST. 2015-16] A. Ca2+ B. Cd2+ C. Mg2+ D. Fe2+ mwVK DËi: B. Cd2+ BSMRSTU 01. gvby‡li kix‡i welwµqv m„wóKvix Av‡m©wbK Ges Av‡m©wb‡Ki †h․M mvaviYZ †Kv_vq _v‡K? [BSMRSTU-C. 2019-20] A. f~Mf©¯  cvwb B. evqy C. BwÄ‡bi Kvj †auvqv D. †jvnvi iW mwVK DËi: A. f~Mf©¯  cvwb e¨vL¨v: f~-Mf©¯  cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wbK †ewk _v‡K| PUST 01. Wvqv‡ewUKm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ e¨w³i Møy‡KvR mn¨ Kivi ÿgZv wb‡¤œi †KvbwU evwo‡q †`q? [PBSTU-B.2016-17] A. Cr B. Cd C. Sc D. As mwVK DËi: A. Cr e¨vL¨v: Cr Gi Cr3+ Ae¯ v kix‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxq Bbmywjb I ‡cÖvwUb •Zix K‡i| STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU fvix avZzi D`vniY bq? [MAT-2018-19, w`.‡ev. 2016] A. Hg B. Zn C. Cd D. Au mwVK DËi: D. Au e¨vL¨v: †h mKj avZe †g․‡ji NbZ¡ Zyjvbvg~jK fv‡e †ewk Ges Lv`¨ mvgwMÖ‡Z Lye mvgvb¨ cwigvY G‡ì Dcw¯ wZ welwµqv m„wó K‡i Zv‡ì‡K fvix avZz e‡j| †hgbt Hg, Cd, Cu, Ag, As, Cr, Pb, Ti BZ¨vw`| 02. Cd Gi †g․wjK ¸Y KqwU? A. 2 wU B. 3 wU C. 4 wU D. 5 wU mwVK DËi: A. 2 wU e¨vL¨v: Cd Gi ‡g․wjK ¸Y 2wU| ‡hgb KYv AvKv‡i wVK †Zgwb Avqb AvKv‡i evZvm I cvwb Dfq gva¨g †_‡KB Lv`¨k„•L‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i| 03. GKRb e¨vw³ cÖwZw`b 2 wjUvi cvwb cvb Ki‡j w`‡b Kx cwigvY As kix‡i Rgv nq? A. 1.010–2 g B. 1.010–1 g C. 1.010–6 g D. 1.010–8 g mwVK DËi: B. 1.010–1 g e¨vL¨v: GKRb e¨w³ cÖwZw`b 2 wjUvi cvwb cvb Ki‡j w`‡b 1.010–1 g Av‡m©wbK kix‡i Rgv nq, hv †`‡ni †Kv‡bv ÿwZ mvab Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| DAT 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU fvix avZz? [DAT. 2019-20] A. Al B. Cd C. K D. Fe mwVK DËi: B. Cd e¨vL¨v: Lv`¨k„•L‡j hy³ nIqv fvix avZzmg~‡ni g‡a¨ As, Cr, Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu, Sb Ab¨Zg|

350 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Board Ques. 01. cvbxqR‡j Cd Gi mnbxq gvÎv KZ? [w`.‡ev. 2016] A. 5ppb B. 10ppb C. 15 ppb D. 20 ppb mwVK DËi: A. 5ppb e¨vL¨v: gvby‡li i‡³ Cd Gi ¯^vfvweK gvÎv 10ppb Ges cvbxq R‡j Gi mnbxq gvÎv 5ppb| e„× eq‡m gvby‡li Aw¯ mwÜi Zxeª hš¿Yvi g~j KviY Cd Gi welwµqv| 02. Kv‡Vi ‡gnMwb Mv‡Qi eY© ‣Zwi Ki‡Z †KvbwU eëüZ nq? A. CuCr2O7 B. Cr2(CrO4)3 C. BaCrO4 D. PbCrO4 mwVK DËi: A. CuCr2O7 e¨vL¨v: Kv‡Vi `xN©‡gqvw` msiÿY, †UKmB, eënvi Dc‡hvMx I AvKl©Yxq Kivi †ÿ‡Î CuCr2O7 †gnMwb Mv‡Qi eY©, Cr2(CrO4)3 KvuVvwj eY©, K2Cr2O7 cÖf…wZ Cr †h․‡Mi eûj eënvi cwijwÿZ nq| 03. Lv`¨k„•L‡j ‡Kvb `~lYwU cÖvK…wZK wbq‡g N‡U? A. Pb B. As C. Cr D. Cd mwVK DËi: B. As e¨vL¨v: Lv`¨k„•L‡j As Gi `~lY f~Mf©¯  cvwb Øviv cÖvK…wZK wbq‡g N‡U| Lwb‡Z Pb Gi AvKwiK PbS n‡Z Pb avZz wb®‥vkb Kv‡j eR©¨ wn‡m‡e Pb avZz cwi‡e‡k wbM©Z nq| U¨vbvwi wk‡í ‡K¬vb U¨vwbs Gi mgq eR©¨ Zi‡ji mv‡_ Cr cwi‡e‡k P‡j Av‡m| AvKwiK n‡Z Zn, Cu, Pb cÖf…wZ wb®‥vkb Kv‡j AvKwi‡Ki g‡a¨ †fRvj Cd avZz wkíeR©¨ wn‡m‡e cwi‡e‡k P‡j Av‡m| CONCEPT 15 `ªe‡Yi cÖKvi‡f` I `~lK c`v_©mg~n evqy I cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z _vKvi †K․kj `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c`v‡_©i mgmË¡ wgkÖY‡K `ªeY e‡j| Gi mshyw³ wbw`©ó mxgvi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Kiv hvq| †hgb cvwb‡Z wPwb ev je‡Yi `ªeY| `ªe‡Y †h c`v‡_©i AvbycvwZK cwigvY me‡P‡q †ewk Zv‡K `ªveK Ges hvi AvbycvwZK cwigvY Kg Zv‡K `ªe e‡j| A_©vr `ªeY = `ªe + `ªveK| `ªe‡Yi •ewkó¨: (wKQz Q›` bq g›`)- mgvb wgkÖ‡Y, mK‡jB c„_K †hvM¨ 6 Gi †P‡q †QvU, hyw³ cwieZ©bxq| (i) mgvb wgkÖ‡Y `ªeY mgmZ¡ wgkÖY| (ii) c„_K †hvM¨ Dcv`vbmg~n c„_K †hvM¨| (iii) 6 Gi †P‡q †QvU KYvmg~‡ni AvKvi 106 cm Gi †P‡q †QvU| (iv) hyw³ cwieZ©bxq mshyw³ cwieZ©bxq| Item-01: `ªe‡Yi cÖKi‡f` t c`v‡_©i †f․Z Ae¯ vi (KwVb, Zij I M¨vm) †cÖwÿ‡Z `ªeY‡K mvZwU †kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv hvq| h_vtÑ `ªveK + `ªe `ªeY `ªveK `ªe `ªeY M¨vm M¨vm evqy- N2, O2, Ar I Ab¨vb¨ M¨vm (15wU) Zij M¨vm Kve©‡b‡UW IqvUvi (cvwb‡Z CO2 M¨vm) KwVb M¨vm c¨vjvwWqvg I cøvwUbv‡g H2 M¨vm †kvlY Zij Zij M¨v‡mvwjb (wewfbœ Zij nvB‡WªvKve©b wgkÖY) KwVb Zij ‡Wb‡Uj A¨vgvjMvg(wmjfv‡i gviKvwi) Zij KwVb mgy‡`ªi jeYv³ cvwb (cvwb‡Z NaCl I Ab¨vb¨ jeY) KwVb KwVb wewfbœ avZz msKi (wcDUvi RM, 96% Sn I 4% Cu ) Item-02: evqy `~lKmg~n evqy‡Z wg‡k _vKvi †K․kjt wKQz wKQz evqy evwnZ AwZ ÿz`ª KYv (hv‡ì e¨vm mvaviYZ 1m – 100m) evqy‡Z gy³fv‡e †Nviv‡div K‡i| Gme `~lK c`v_©mg~n n‡jv Kve©b, DošÍ QvB, MÖxR‡Zj I avZzi ÿz`ªvsk| avZzmg~‡ni g‡a¨ g~jZ †jW I K¨vWwgqvg ÿz`ª KYv wn‡m‡e evqygÐ‡j wgwkÖZ _v‡K| Item-03: cvwb `~lKmg~n cvwb‡Z wgwkÖZ _vKvi ‡K․kjt wkí KjKviLvbv n‡Z Drcbœ HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4, SO2, Cl2, bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi A·vBWmg~n, A¨v‡gvwbqv, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2 cÖf…wZ cvwb‡Z wg‡k cvwbi H + I OH– Gi NbgvÎv evwo‡q †`q| d‡j cvwbi pH Gi gvÎv KLbI K‡g ev †e‡o hvq| Kve©‡bU, evBKve©‡bU, A¨vwm‡UU, bvB‡UªU, bvBUªvBU, †d¬vivBW, †eªvgvBW, Av‡qvWvBW, mvj‡dU BZ¨vw` Avqb Ges Cu, Cd, Hg, Zn, Ni, Mn, Co, Pb, Sn I As BZ¨vwì mvjdvBWmg~n Øviv MwVZ jeYmg~n cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z n‡q avZe Avqb gy³ nq Ges Lv`¨ k„sL‡ji gva¨‡g gvbyl Zv MÖnY K‡i| Item-04: Zij Zij wgkªY , mgùzUb wgkª‡Yi mshyw³ I Zv‡ì ùzUbvsK m¤ú~Y© wgkÖbxq Zij-Zij `ªeY †hgbt cvwbA¨vj‡Kvnj, cvwb-H2SO4, †n‡·b-‡ebwRb, cvwbHNO3 BZ¨vw`| AvswkK wgkªYxq ZijhyMj †hgbt cvwb-‡dbj, cvwb-B_vi cvwb-wb‡KvwUb, A¨vwbwjb-‡n‡·b BZ¨vw`| m¤ú~Y© AwgkªYxq Zij hyMj ‡hgbt cvwb - CCl4 cvwb-cvi`, cvwb-‡ebwRb, cvwb-‡K¬v‡ivdg© BZ¨vw`| Zij Zij wgkªY

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 351 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item-05: K‡qKwU mgùzUb wgkª‡Yi mshyw³ I Zv‡`i ùzUbvsK: [OLD SYLLABUS BUT MUST TO KNOW] mgùzU‡bi †kªYx mgùzUb wgkªY mgùzUb wgkª‡Yi ùzUbvsK 1g Dcv`vb I Gi ùzUbvsK 2q Dcv`vb I Gi ùzUbvsK K) me©wbgœ w¯ i ùzUbvsK wgkªY 1| †iKwUdvBW w¯úwiU ev 95.6% B_vb‡ji Rjxq `ªeY 78.15° †m. cvwb; 100° †m. B_vbj, 78.3° †m. 2| B_vbj (15.9%) I CCl4 (84.1%) wgkªY 65.1° †m. B_vbj; 78.3° †m. CCl4, 76.7° †m. 3| wg_vbj (12.6%) I †K¬v‡ivdig (87.4%) wgkªY 53.4° †m. wg_vbj; 64.7° †m. CHCl3, 61.2° †m. L) m‡e©v”P w¯ i ùzUbvsK wgkªY 1| 68.4% bvBwUªK GwmW 120.5° †m. cvwb; 100° †m. HNO3, 86° †m. 2| 20.2% nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW 108.6° †m. cvwb; 100° †m. Zij HCl, - 85° †m. 3|A¨vwm‡Uvb (56.1%) I †K¬v‡ivdig (43.9%) wgkªY 64.4° †m. A¨vwm‡Uvb; 56.1° †m. CHCl3, 61.2° †m. Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkÖY wK? - `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U, A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkÖ‡Yi Aci bvg n‡”Q mgùzUb wgkÖY ev w¯ i ùzUbv¼ wgkÖY A_©vr, `ywU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U| REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. †KvbwU R¡vjvwb bq? [DU-Ka.2017-18] A. H2 B. O2 C. CH4 D. C mwVK DËi: B. O2 e¨vL¨v: R¡vjvwb mg~n: CH4,H2, †KvK Kve©b, A¨vwmwUwjb BZ¨vw`| JU 01. ‡KvbwU Av`k© Zij-Zij `ªeY? [JU-D7.2017-18] A. cvwb-B_vbj B. cvwb- CHCl3 C. ‡c‡›Ub-‡n‡·b D. cvwb- CCl4 mwVK DËi: C. ‡c‡›Ub-‡n‡·b 02. wgkªY Ges †h․‡Mi g‡a¨ mv`„k¨wU n‡”Q- [JU. 2012-2013] A. mgmË¡ B. AmgmË¡ C. GKwU wbw`©ó Abycv‡Z hy³ D. GKvwaK e¯‧i mgš^‡q MwVZ mwVK DËi: D. GKvwaK e¯‧i mgš^‡q MwVZ 03. cvwb (4.4%) I B_vbj (95.6%) Gi mgùzUb `ªe‡Yi ùzUbvsK KZ? [JU. 2011-2012] A.100C B. 78.3C C. 64.5C D. 78.15C mwVK DËi: D. 78.15C 04. cvwb (31.6%) I bvBwUªK GwmW (68.4%) Gi mgùzUb `ªe‡Yi ùzUbvsK KZ? [JU. 2011-2012] A. 120.5C B. 100C C. 86C D. 108.5C mwVK DËi: A. 120.5C 05. †KvbwU `ªeY bq? [JU. 2011-2012] A. B_vbj B. nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW C. evqy D. †Kvgj cvbxq mwVK DËi: B. nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW e¨vL¨v: `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¯‧i mgmË¡ wgkÖY,†h wgkÖ‡Yi Dcv`vb mg~‡ni mshyw³ GKwU mxgvi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Kiv hvq Ges †h wgkª‡Yi e¯‧KYvi AvKvi 10-7 cm ev Gi †P‡q †QvU nq Zv‡K `ªeY e‡j| mgmË¡ wgkÖ‡Yi KYvi e¨vm 10- 7 cm–10-3 cm n‡j G‡K KjqWvj wm‡÷g e‡j| evqy GKwU M¨vmxq `ªeY, hvi `ªveK n‡”Q bvB‡Uªv‡Rb GLv‡b DËi n‡e B Ackb| CU 01. AwgkªYxq Zij hyMj †KvbwU? [CU. 2007-2008] A. cvwb I A¨vj‡Kvnj B. cvwb I †dbj C. cvwb I †ebwRb D. cvwb I mvjwdDwiK GwmW mwVK DËi: C. cvwb I †ebwRb e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivL‡e •Re I A‣Re Zi‡ji wgkÖY me©`v AwgkÖYxq Zij hyMj| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkÖY wK? [SUST. 2015-16] A. mgmZ¡ `ªeY B. M¨vm-Zij wgkÖY C. GKB Nb‡Z¡i `yB Zi‡ji wgkÖY D. `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U E. Bgvjkvb mwVK DËi: D. `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U e¨vL¨v: A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkÖ‡Yi Aci bvg n‡”Q mgùzUb wgkÖY ev w¯ i ùzUbv¼ wgkÖY A_©vr, `ywU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯ i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U| 02. †Kvb wgkÖY †Kvb we‡kl mshyw³‡Z mgùzUb wgkÖY •Zix K‡i bv? [SUST. 2014-15] A. B_vbj-cvwb B. B_vbj-Kve©b‡UUªv‡K¬vivBW C. wg_vbj-†K¬v‡ivdg© D. †ebwRb-UjyBb E. A¨vwm‡Uvb-†K¬v‡ivdg© mwVK DËi: D. †ebwRb-UjyBb 03. `ªe‡Yi Rb¨ wb‡gœi †KvbwU mwVK? [SUST.2013-2014, MAT.2010-2011] A. †n‡·b I †n‡Þ‡bi wgkªY nj GKwU Abv`k© `ªeY B. wgkª‡Yi AvqZb mgvb nq C. Abv`k© `ªe‡Yi AvšÍtAvYweK AvKl©Y e‡ji Dci †Kvb cÖfve NUvq bv D. Av`k© `ªe‡Yi †jLwPÎ DËj I AeZj nq| mwVK DËi: B. wgkª‡Yi AvqZb mgvb nq MBSTU 01. ivD‡ëi m~‡Îi MvwYwZK iƒc wK? [MBSTU-A.2016-17] A.P X1 B. Q Xi C. V P D. P R mwVK DËi: A.P X1 BSMRSTU 01. †KvbwU abvZ¥K wePz¨wZ m¤úbœ Abv`k© Zij `ªe‡Yi D`vniY? [BSMRSTU-B.2017-18] A. B_vbj I cvwb B. B_vbj I A¨vwm‡Uvb C. cvwb I †ebwRb D. cvwb I H2SO4 mwVK DËi: A. B_vbj I cvwb

352 cwi‡ek imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES e¨vL¨v: abvZ¥K wePz¨wZ m¤úbœ Abv`k© Zij- Zij `ªeY : # `yBwU Zi‡ji GKwU †cvjvi Ges AciwU A‡cvjvi n‡e| # V > O, H = + ve D`vniY : 1| B_vbj - cvwb 2| WvB B_vBj B_vi - A¨vwm‡Uvb 3| n - †n‡Þb I B_vbj| FYvZ¥K wePz¨wZ m¤úbœ Abv`k© Zij - Zij `ªeY : #`yBwU ZijB †cvjvi n‡e| # H = - ve, V < O D`vniY : (1) H2O - H2SO4 (2) HX - H2O (3) HNO3 - H2O (4) C5H5N - CH3COOH 02. Av`k© Zij-Zij `ªeY †Kvb m~ÎwU †g‡b P‡j? [BSMRSTU. 2013-14] A. e‡q‡ji m~Î B. MÖvnv‡gi m~Î C. ivD‡ëi m~Î D. †nbwii m~Î mwVK DËi: C. ivD‡ëi m~Î 03. Abv`k© `ªe‡Yi •ewkó¨ †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU. 2012-13] A. ivD‡ëi m~Î †g‡b P‡j B. Vmix = 0 C. Hmix = 0 D. Hmix > 0 mwVK DËi: D. Hmix > 0 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. Stainless steel G steel Qvov Avi Kx _v‡K? [MAT. 2019-20] A. Chromium B. Vanadium C. Nickel D. Manganese mwVK DËi: A. Chromium e¨vL¨v: Stainless steel ev gwiPv‡ivax B¯úv‡Zi ivmvqwbK mshyw³: Fe- 73%, Cr- 18%, Ni- 8%, C- 1%| 02. B_vbj (15.9%) I CCl4 (84.1%) mgùzUb wgkª‡Yi ùzUbvsK ( 0C) wb‡gœi †KvbwU? [MAT.2010-11] A. 108.6 B. 120.5 C. 65.10 D. 53.4 mwVK DËi: C. 65.10 03. Zij-Zij wgkªY KZ cÖKvi? [MAT.2004-05] A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 mwVK DËi: C. 3 04. wb‡gœi †Kvb †h․MwUi ùzUbv¼ 78.3C? [MAT.2001-02] A. C2H5OH B. CHCl3 C. CCl4 D. CHCl3 mwVK DËi: A. C2H5OH Board Ques. 01. wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU wgkÖY? A. Zn + H2SO4 B. H2 + N2 C. H2 + He D. C + O2 (`nb) mwVK DËi: C. H2 + He e¨vL¨v: ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i bv Giƒc `ywU ev Z‡ZvwaK ‡g․‡ji ms‡hvM‡K wgkÖY e‡j| ‡hgb: H2 + He M¨v‡mi wgkÖY; CO2, N2 I O2 M¨v‡mi wgkÖY| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ evqy G ‡kÖwYi DrK…ó D`vniY| 02. M¨vmxq Zij `ªeY wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU? A. N2 I O2 B. NH3 ‡K cvwb‡Z `ªexf~ZKiY C. Pd I H2 ms‡hvRb D. Pt I H2 M¨v‡mi ms‡hvRb mwVK DËi: B. NH3 ‡K cvwb‡Z `ªexf~ZKiY e¨vL¨v: NH3 M¨vm‡K cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Ki‡j, HCl M¨vm‡K cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Ki‡j, CO2 M¨vm‡K cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z Ki‡j M¨vmxq-Zij `ªeY •Zwi nq| 03. wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU ARjxq •Re `ªveK? A. A¨v‡gvwbqv B. mvjdvi WvB A·vBW C. Kve©b WvB mvjdvBW D. B_v‡bvwqK GwmW mwVK DËi: D. B_v‡bvwqK GwmW e¨vL¨v: ‡ebwRb, UjyBb, B_vi, A¨vj‡Kvnj, B_v‡bvwqK GwmW, ‡K‡ivwmb BZ¨vw` ARjxq •Re `ªveK Ges A¨v‡gvwbqv, mvjdvi WvBA·vBW, Kve©b WvB mvjdvBW n‡jv A‣Re `ªveK| 04. ‡KvbwU ‡auvqvkv m„wó Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i? A. PAN B. BAN C. DO D. CO mwVK DËi: A. PAN e¨vL¨v: A¨vwm‡Uvb ev ‡cÖvcv‡bvb evqy‡Z G‡m Av‡jvK ivmvqwbK wewµqvi gva¨‡g cviA·vBW ‡iwWK¨vj Drcbœ K‡i hv cieZ©x‡Z NO2 Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i gvivZ¥K welv³ cviA·vBj A¨vmvBj bvB‡UªU (PAN) Drcbœ K‡i| G PAN †auvqvkv m„wó Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| | WRITEEN GENERAL METHOD CONCEPT : 16 MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM-01 [MATH] MCQ SHORTCUT TRICKS M¨v‡mi cÖv_wgK m~Î m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM: Item-01 : m~‡Îi bvg MvwYwZK mgxKiY mvs‡KwZK wPý e‡q‡ji m~Î P1V1 = P2V2 P = Pvc Pvj©‡mi m~Î 1 1 T V = 2 2 T V V = AvqZb Pvcxq m~Î 1 1 T P = 2 2 T P T = ZvcgvÎv e‡qj I Pvj©‡mi mgš^q m~Î 1 1 1 T P V = 2 2 2 T P V m = fi mgš^q m~Î n = M m = RT PV = 23 6.023 10 X = 22.4 V(L) = VS M = AvbweK fi; S = NbgvÎv x = Aby/cigvYyi msL¨v Xvwe fwZ© cixÿvq memgq †UKwbK mg„× AsKB †ewk Av‡m Kv‡RB †h ‡UKwb‡K cvi`k©x †m As‡K cvi`k©x| Gevi †Zvgv‡`i e‡qj, Pvj©m I †M-jym¨v‡Ki m~Î mwVK evsjvq eyS‡Z n‡e| weMZ eQi ¸‡jv‡Z wb‡Pi wZbwU AvB‡Ug †_‡KB †ewk cÖkœ G‡m‡Q|

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwi‡ek imvqb 353 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES kU©KvU wUªKm: w¯ i kã D‡jøwLZ MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM: cÖ‡kœ w¯ i ZvcgvÎv D‡jøL _vK‡j (V 1 P ) AvqZb Pv‡ci e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK A_v©r Pvc hZ evo‡e AvqZb ZZ Kg‡e| A_©vr wØ¸Y, wZb¸Y, Pvi¸‡Yi †ÿ‡Î = 1 /2, 1 /3, 1 /4 Ges fMœvs‡ki gvb‡K ¸Y Ki‡e| †hgb GK Z…Zxqvsk D‡jøL _vK‡j wZb¸Y Ges GK cÂgvsk D‡jøL _vK‡j cvuP¸Y| Gevi we‡kølYx `„wó w`‡q jÿ¨ Kiv hvK- D`vniY-01. 25°C ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb M¨vm 1500cm3 AvqZb `Lj K‡i| Pvc‡K e„w× K‡i wZb ¸Y Kiv nj| H ZvcgvÎvq AvqZb KZ n‡e? †UKwbKt †h‡nZz ZvcgvÎv w¯ i I Pvc wZb¸Y myZivs cwieZ©xZ AvqZb = V 3 = 1050 22 = 500 cm3 D`vniY-02. †Kvb wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb 500 ml| Pvc‡K Avw` Pv‡ci A‡a©K Kiv n‡j H ZvcgvÎvq AvqZb KZ n‡e? †UKwbKt †h‡nZz ZvcgvÎv w¯ i I Pvc‡K A‡a©K Kiv n‡q‡Q Kv‡RB AvqZb‡K wØ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e| myZivs cwieZ©xZ AvqZb = 2V0 = 2500 = 1000 ml cÖ‡kœ w¯ i Pvc D‡jøL _vK‡j (VT) AvqZb ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK A_©vr ZvcgvÎv hZ evo‡e AvqZb I ZZ evo‡e| D`vniY-01. Pvc AcwiewZ©Z †i‡L wbw`©ó cwigvY †Kvb M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv KZ n‡j Zvi AvqZb wØ¸Y n‡e| Avw` ZvcgvÎv = 0°C †UKwbKt ‡h‡nZz Pvc w¯ i Ges AvqZb wØ¸Y D‡jøL Av‡Q Kv‡RB ZvcgvÎvI wØ¸Y n‡e myZivs cwieZ©xZ ZvcgvÎv, T = 2T0 = 2273 = 546K=273°C D`vniY-02. 13°C ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó f‡ii GKwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvqZb w¯ i Pv‡c wØ¸Y Kiv nj| GB Ae¯ vq M¨vmwUi ZvcgvÎv KZ n‡e? †UKwbKt ‡h‡nZz Pvc w¯ i Ges AvqZb wØ¸Y Kv‡RB V = 2T= 2 (17+273) = 572K= 299°C cÖ‡kœ w¯ i AvqZb D‡jøL _vK‡j (PT) Pvc ZvcgvÎvi mgvbycvwZK A_©vr Pvc hZ evo‡e ev Kg‡e ZvcgvÎvI ZZ evo‡e ev Kg‡e| Gevi we‡kølYx `„wó wb‡q D`vniY jÿ¨ KiD`vniY- †Kvb wbw`ó AvqZ‡bi M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv 17°C AvqZb w¯ i †i‡L M¨vmwU‡K DËß Kivq Zvi Pvc wØ¸Y e„w× †cj| H M¨vmwUi ZvcgvÎv KZ nj? †UKwbKt †h‡nZz AvqZb w¯ i D‡jøL Av‡Q Kv‡RB cwieZ©xZ ZvcgvÎv, T = 2T0= 2 (17+273) = 580k= 307°C mZK©t GKvwaK gvb _vK‡j mivmwi m~Î e¨envi KivB fvj| e‡q‡ji m~Î m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM I mgvavb: Ex-01. STP †Z GKwU M¨v‡mi AvqZb 150cm3 GKB ZvcgvÎvq D³ M¨v‡mi Pvc A‡a©K Ki‡j AvqZb KZ n‡e? GENERAL RULES(Written) TRICKS & TIPS[TnT] (MCQ) P1V1=P2V2 P1= P, P2 = 1 2 P V2= 300 cm3 †h‡nZz V 1 P ZvB Pvc A‡a©K n‡j AvqZb wØ¸Y n‡e KviY e‡q‡ji m~‡Î ZvcgvÎv w¯ i m¤úK© e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK: V2 = 2V1 = 2 150 = 300 mL Ex-02. w¯’i ZvcgvÎvq †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvqZb 250 mL| Pvc‡K Avw` Pv‡ci A‡a©K Kiv n‡j H ZvcgvÎvq AvqZb KZ n‡e? GENERAL RULES(Written) TRICKS & TIPS[TnT] (MCQ) P1V1 = P2V2 P 250 = P 2 V2 V2 = 2 250 V2 = 500 mL ZvcgvÎv w¯ i m¤úK© e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK-ZvB Pvc A‡a©K n‡j AvqZb wØ¸Y n‡e| V2 = 2V1 = 2 250 = 500 mL Ex-03. GKwU d¬v‡¯‥ 10 atm Pv‡c 50 L nvB‡Wªv‡Rb fwZ© Av‡Q| 2L AvqZbwewkó KZ¸‡jv †ejyb‡K H M¨vm Øviv fwZ© Kiv hv‡e hv‡Z cÖwZwU †ejy‡bi wfZ‡i nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨v‡mi Pvc 2 atm Pv‡ci mgvb nq? mgvavb: awi , †ejy‡bi msL¨v = x wU, 1wU †ejy‡bi AvqZb = 2L x msL¨K †ejy‡bi AvqZb = 2xL m~Îvbymv‡i, P1V1 P2V2 10 50 = 2 2x x= 1050 22 x = 125 ‡ejy‡bi msL¨v = 125 wU (Ans.) Pvj©‡mi m~Î m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM I mgvavb: Ex-01. 27˚C ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó f‡ii GKwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi AvqZb w¯’i Pv‡c wØ¸Y Kiv n‡jv| GB Ae¯’vq M¨vmwUi ZvcgvÎv KZ n‡e? GENERAL RULES(Written) TRICKS & TIPS[TnT] (MCQ) 1 1 T V = 2 2 T V T2 = 1 2 1 V V T T2 = 2V300 V T2 = 600 K = 327˚C ‡h‡nZz V T ZvB AvqZb wØ¸Y n‡j ZvcgvÎv wØ¸Y n‡e| T2 = 2T1 = 2 300K = 600K = 327˚C Ex-02. Pvc w¯’i †i‡L GKwU M¨v‡mi (AvqZb 3000 cm3 ) ZvcgvÎv A‡a©K Kiv n‡jv| cwiewZ©Z Ae¯’vq Dnvi AvqZb KZ? GENERAL RULES(Written) TRICKS & TIPS[TnT] (MCQ) 1 1 T V = 2 2 T V V2 = 1 1 2 T V T V2 = T T 2 1 3000 V2 = 1500 cm3 Ans. ∵ V T ZvB ZvcgvÎv A‡a©K n‡j AvqZbI A‡a©K n‡e| V2 = 2 1 V1 = 2 1 3000 = 1500 cm3

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