civics 2nd

evsjvG`Gki miKvi I cÉkvmwbK KvVvGgv 11

`ÞZv I ˆhvMÅZvi gvb`í| wePvi wefvGMi kxlÆ Av`vjZ N RbMGYi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi iÞv I AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤vi
mywcÉgGKvUÆ| wePvi wefvGMi mGevÆ œP Av`vjZ wnGmGe ˆÞGò DóxcGKi `†kÅgvb wPò A^Ævr mywcÉgGKvGUÆi f„wgKv
mywcÉgGKvUÆ RbMGYi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi iÞv, AvBGbi kvmb AZyjbxq|
cÉwZÓ¤vq KvR KGi ^vGK| mywcÉgGKvUÆ Avwcj wefvM I
nvBGKvUÆ wefvM wbGq MwVZ| cÉavb wePvicwZ I ivÓ¡ÌcwZ evsjvG`Gki cÉkvmGbi mGeÆvœP Õ¦Gi AeÕ©vb KiGQ
KZ‡ÆK wbaÆvwiZ msLÅK wePviK wbGq mywcgÉ GKvUÆ MwVZ| cÉavb mywcÉgGKvUÆ| myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wePvieÅeÕ©vB bvMwiKG`i
wePvicwZ I Avwcj wefvGMi wePviKMY Avwcj wefvGMi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi iÞv I AvBGbi kvmb msiÞGY mwVK f„wgKv
Avmb MnÉ Y KGib ‰es AbÅvbÅ wePviK nvBGKvUÆ wefvGM Avmb cvjb KiGZ cvGi| evsjvG`k msweavGb RbMGYi AwaKvi
MÉnY KGib| ivÓ¡ÌcwZ, cÉavb wePvicwZ I AbÅvbÅ wePviKGK iÞv I bÅvqwePvi iÞvi `vwqZ½ wePvi wefvGMi IciB bÅÕ¦
wbGqvM `vb KGib| mywcÉgGKvGUÆi wePviKMY 67 eQi eqm ^vGK| msweavb Abyhvqx bvMwiGKi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi ejer
cƒYÆ nIqv chƯ¦ Õ©vqx cG` envj ^vKGeb| mywcÉgGKvGUÆi Kivi `vwqZ½ nvBGKvUÆ wefvGMi Ici bÅÕ¦| ˆKvGbv eÅwÚi
wePviKMY wePviGÞGò Õ¼vaxb| Zviv AvBb wefvM I kvmb ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi ÞzY³ nGj, wZwb ‰ eÅvcvGi hw` Zv h^vh^ gGb
wefvGMi wbq¯¨YgyÚ nGq wePviKvhÆ mÁ·v`b KiGeb| ‰Kevi KGi ZGe ivÓ¡Ìxq `vwqZ½ cvjbKvix eÅwÚ ev KZ‡ÆcÞ ˆm KvR
wbGqvM jvf KiGj webv AcivGa ˆKvb wePviKGK AcmviY ˆ^GK weiZ ivLGZ cvGi ev KiYxq KvR KiGZ AvG`k ev
Kiv hvGe bv| evsjvG`Gki mywcÉgGKvGUiÆ wePvicwZ I AbÅvbÅ wbG`Æk cÉ`vb KiGZ cvGi| ZvB RbMY msweavb cÉ`î ˆgŒwjK
wePviKG`i DœP ˆeZb I fvZv ˆ`Iqv nGe ‰es ZvG`i AwaKvimgƒn ˆhgb@ Rxeb I eÅwÚÕ¼vaxbZvi AwaKvi,
KvhKÆ vGj Zv nËvm Kiv hvGe bv| mywcÉgGKvGUÆi wePviKMY PjvGdivi AwaKvi, mgvGeGki Õ¼vaxbZv, wP¯¦v weGeK I evK-
ævbx, weæ I AvBbæ| Zviv DœPZi mvgvwRK ghÆv`vi Õ¼vaxbZvi AwaKvi, mÁ·wîi AwaKvi, agÆxq Õ¼vaxbZv AbvqvGm
AwaKvix| ˆfvM KiGZ cvGi| mvsweavwbKfvGe evsjvG`Gki wePvieÅeÕ©v
AGbKUv Õ¼vaxb I wbiGcÞ|

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk² evsjvG`Gki msmG`i KvhwÆ ewa Abyhvqx ˆgvU 350 Rb msm`
m`GmÅi gGaÅ ˆKvivg nIqvi RbÅ A¯¦Z 60 Rb m`GmÅi
cÉk²15 ‘X’ ˆ`Gki cvjÆvGg´Ÿ m`mÅMY RbMGYi ˆfvGU DcwÕ©wZ cÉGqvRb|
wbeÆvwPZ| ‰ wbeÆvwPZ m`mÅMY ˆm ˆ`Gki cvjvÆGgG´Ÿ ivmvqwbK
AÕ¨ welqK wKQy bxwZgvjv cÉYqb KGib| DÚ bxwZgvjv mycvi wUc&m: cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ
msLÅvMwiÓ¤ m`mÅG`i ˆfvGU cvm nIqvi ci Zv ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe
AbyGgv`Gbi RbÅ ˆcÉiY Kiv nq| ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ ZvGZ AbyGgv`b
bv ˆ`Iqvq bxwZgvjvwU AvBGb cwiYZ nq bv|  wkLbdj: 1 M RvZxq msmG`i ÞgZv I KvhvÆ ewj eYÆbv KGiv|

K. hyÚdÌ´Ÿ Kx? 1 N evsjvG`Gki RvZxq msm` KZUv Õ¼vaxb eGj Zzwg gGb
KGiv? hwy Úmn gZvgZ `vI|

L. ˆKvivg ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 cÉk²16

M. ‘X’ ˆ`Gki Zzjbvq evsjvG`Gki cvjÆvGg´Ÿ ‰i ÞgZv (K) mywcÉgGKvUÆ

I KvhvÆ ewji Õv¼ Z¯Å¨ ˆKv^vq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

N. “‘X’ ˆ`Gki Zzjbvq evsjvG`Gki cvjÆvGg´Ÿ AwaK (L) (M) Avwcj wefvM

mveÆGfŒg”‰i h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 wkLbdj-8 [AvBwWqvj Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, gwZwSj, XvKv]
15bs cÉGk²i Dîi
K. evsjvG`Gki cÉavb wePvicwZGK wbGqvM ˆ`b ˆK? 1

K 1954 mvGji wbeÆvPGb AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM, K‡lK kÉwgK L. mywcÉgGKvGUÆi wePviK cG`i RbÅ `yBwU ˆhvMÅZv
cvwUÆ I ˆbRvg-B-Bmjvg I MYZ¯¨x `j wgGj ˆh `j MVb
KGi Zv hÚy dÌ´Ÿ bvGg cwiwPZ| wjL| 2

L ˆKvivg ejGZ ˆevSvq wbw`ÆÓ¡ msm` m`GmÅi DcwÕ©wZ| M. ‘L’ wefvGMi KvhÆvewj AvGjvPbv Ki| 3

ˆKvivg Qvov msmG`i AwaGekb ÷i‚ nq bv| ZvB msmG` N. ‘L’ wefvGMi ivGqi ci ˆKvb wefvGM AvGe`b Kiv
ˆKvivGgi cÉGqvRbxqZv Acwimxg| evsjvG`Gki RvZxq
msmG`i mfv cwiPvjbvi RbÅ meÆwbÁ² hZRb msm` m`GmÅi hvq? ˆKvb ˆKvb ˆÞGò Kiv hvq? wjL| 4
DcwÕ©wZ cÉGqvRb ZZRb wbGq ˆKvivg MwVZ nGe|

Õ©vbxq kvmb 1

lÓ¤ AaÅvq

Õ©vbxq kvmb

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGk²vîi

cÉk²1 Õ©vbxq mgmÅv mgvavGbi RbÅ ‘K’ bvgK ‰KwU miKvGii AvIZvaxb ˆ^GK meÆvwaK Õ¼vqîkvmb ˆfvM KGi,
Õ©vbxq chÆvGq bxwZ MÉnY, wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY I wm«¬v¯¦ evÕ¦evqGbi
msÕ©v MGo ˆZvjv nGqGQ| Õ©vbxq RbMY KZ‡ÆK wbeÆvwPZ ˆÞGò Õ©vbxq KZ‡ÆcÞ ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii cÉZÅÞ wbq¯¨YgyÚ
^vGK|
cÉwZwbwa «¼viv msÕ©vwU cwiPvwjZ nq| ‰ msÕ©vi m`mÅMY DóxcGKi eYÆbv gGZ, Õ©vbxq mgmÅv mgvavGbi RbÅ ‘K’
bvgK ‰KwU msÕ©v MGo ˆZvjv nGqGQ| Õ©vbxq RbMY KZ‡ÆK
Õ©vbxq welGq bxwZ wbaÆviY, wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY I evÕ¦evqb KGi wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa «¼viv msÕ©vwU cwiPvwjZ nq| ‰ msÕ©vi
m`mÅMY Õ©vbxq welGq bxwZ wbaÆviY, wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY I
^vGK| AbÅw`GK, H ‰jvKvq miKvGii bxwZ I KgÆmƒwP evÕ¦evqb KGi ^vGK| DÚ BwãZ «¼viv Õ·Ó¡ZB Õ©vbxq
Õ¼vqîkvmb ˆfvMKvix miKvGii ev cÉwZÓ¤vGbi K^v ejv
evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ iGqGQ ‘L’ bvgK AvGiKwU msÕ©v| ‰ nGqGQ|

msÕ©vi RbÅ miKvi cÉGqvRbxq KgÆKZÆv, KgÆPvixG`i wbGqvM

w`Gq ^vGK|  wkLbdj: 1 I 2 [Xv. ˆev. 2016]

K. KZRb m`mÅ wbGq BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ nq? 1

L. ˆcŒimfvi MVb mÁ·GKÆ Kx Rvb? 2

M. ‘K’ bvgK msÕ©vwU Õ©vbxq chÆvGq Kx aiGbi kvmb?

eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N AvGjvPÅ DóxcGK ‘K’ bvgK msÕ©vwU nGjv Õ©vbxq

N. ‘K’ I ‘L’ msÕ©vi gGaÅ ZzjbvgƒjK cv^ÆKÅ AvGjvPbv Õ¼vqîkvwmZ miKvi ‰es ‘L’ bvgK msÕ©vwU nGjv Õ©vbxq

KGiv| 4 miKvi| wbGP ‰G`i gGaÅ ZzjbvgƒjK cv^ÆKÅ AvGjvPbv Kiv

1bs cÉGk²i Dîi nGjv@

K 13 Rb (1 Rb ˆPqvigÅvb, 9 Rb m`mÅ ‰es 3 Rb gwnjv Õ©vbxq miKvi Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ miKvi

m`mÅ) m`mÅ wbGq BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ nq| 1. Õ©vbxq miKvi nGjv 1. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ

L evsjvG`Gki kni ‰jvKvi Õ©vbxq miKvi wnGmGe cÉkvmGbi myweavG^Æ ˆK±`Ê miKvi nGjv ˆmB miKvi
ˆcŒimfv MwVZ nq| cÉwZwU ˆcŒimfvGK KZKàGjv IqvGWÆ
wefÚ Kiv nq| ˆcŒimfvi IqvWÆ msLÅv wbaÆvwiZ nq knGii KZ‡ÆK MwVZ cÉkvmwbK hvi wbRÕ¼ KvhÆvewj
AvqZb I RbmsLÅvi wfwîGZ| ZGe ‰KwU cƒYvÆ ã ˆcŒimfvq
18wU IqvWÆ ^vGK| mgMÉ ˆcŒi ‰jvKv ˆ^GK ‰KRb ˆgqi, ‰KK| cwiPvjbvi AvBbmsMZ
cÉGZÅKwU IqvWÆ ˆ^GK ‰KRb KGi KvDw´Öji I cÉwZ wZbwU
IqvWÆ ˆ^GK ‰KRb msiwÞZ gwnjv KvDw´Öji RbMGYi AwaKvi I cÉGqvRbxq
cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ nb|
msMVb iGqGQ|

2. Õ©vbxq miKvGi bxwZ 2. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ

wbaÆviY I wm«¬vG¯¦i ˆÞGò miKvGi miKvwi wbq¯¨Y

miKvi mivmwi wbq¯¨Y cGivÞ I Zî½veavbgƒjK|

M AvGjvPÅ DóxcGK ‘K’ bvgK msÕ©vwU Õ©vbxq chÆvGq KGib|
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb| wbGP welqwU eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv@
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ejGZ mvaviYZ wbw`ÆÓ¡ ‰jvKvwfwîK 3. Õ©vbxq miKvGii 3. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ
RbMGYi Õ¼kvmbGK ˆevSvq| Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ejGZ ‰gb
‰K aiGbi cÉkvmbeÅeÕ©vGK wbG`Æk KGi hv Þz`Ë Þz`Ë ‰jvKvi KgÆKZvÆ e†±` miKvi KZ‡ÆK miKvGii KgÆKZvÆ e†±`
Õ©vbxq cÉGqvRb ˆgUvGbvi RbÅ cÉwZwÓ¤Z ‰es AvBGbi gvaÅGg
ÞgZvcÉvµ¦ nGq Õ©vbxq chÆvGq wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaG`i gvaÅGg wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ ‰es miKvGii RbMGYi wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa
cwiPvwjZ nq| ˆK±`Êxq ckÉ vmGbi wbÁ²Õ¦Gi AewÕ©Z kni ev
MÉvg ‰jvKvi eüwea Õ©vbxq mgmÅv ^vGK| ˆmàGjv wbKU `vqx| ‰es RbmvaviGYi wbKU
Õ©vbxqfvGe mnGRB mgvavb Kiv ˆhGZ cvGi| ‰jvKvwfwîK
‰i…c kvmbeÅeÕ©v Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb bvGg cwiwPZ| Õ©vbxq `vqx|
Õ¼vqîkvmGbi ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv@ Õ©vbxq ‰jvKvi cÉwZwbwa «¼viv
‰ kvmbeÅeÕ©v cwiPvwjZ I wbqw¯¨Z, Õ©vbxq KZ‡ÆcÞ ˆK±`Êxq 4. Õ©vbxq miKvGii 4. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ

D`vniY nGjv@ DcGRjv miKvGii D`vniY nGjv-

cÉkvmb| DcGRjv cwil`, BDwbqb

cwil`|

DcwiDÚ cv^ÆKÅ QvovI Õ©vbxq miKvi I Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ

miKvGii AvGiv AGbK cv^ÆKÅ we`Ågvb iGqGQ| ˆhgb@

wbGqvMMZ, ˆgqv`MZ, Õ©vwqZ½MZ BZÅvw`|

2 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk² 2 gwiqg ˆeMg nvievs MÉvGg evm KGi| MÉvGgi N MvÉ Ggi RbMGYi «¼viv wbevwÆ PZ cÌwZwbwa KZ‡ÆK DÚ msÕ©v
A^Ævr DcGRjv cwil` cwiPvwjZ nq eGj DÚ msÕ©v MÉvGgi
KGqKRb `ytÕ© gwnjvGK wbGq ‰KwU KzwUi wk͸ MGo ˆZvGj| Av^Æ-mvgvwRK D®²qGb eÅvcK f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi eGj Avwg
gGb Kwi|
wK¯§ A͸w`Gbi gGaÅB Zviv A^Æ msKGU cGo| ZvG`i wKQy
MÉvgxY Av^Æ-mvgvwRK D®²qGb DcGRjv Þz`Ë wk͸ Õ©vcb I
gvjvgvjI Pzwi nGq hvq| ZLb Zviv ˆek nZvk nGq cGo| H weKvGki jGÞÅ KvhÆKÌg nvGZ ˆbq| ˆemiKvwifvGe K‡wl,
Mevw`c÷ ‰es ebR mÁ·` D®²qGb KvhKÆ Ìg MÉnY I evÕ¦evqb
mgq ZvG`i ‰jvKvi ‰KwU Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi KGi ^vGK| RbÕ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡ I cwievi cwiK͸bv ˆmev wbwøZ
KGi| ZvQvov BDwbqb cwilG`i D®²qb KvhKÆ ÌGgi mg®¼q
ˆPqvigÅvb I gwnjv fvBm ˆPqvigÅvb ZvG`i ˆek mnGhvwMZv mvab, cixÞY I cÉGqvRbxq mnvqZv cÉ`vGbi gvaÅGg MÉvg
‰jvKvq eÅvcK f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ| `yGhÆvM eÅeÕ©vcbvq
KGi| dGj ZG`i cÉwZÓ¤vbwU ‰Lb AGbK eo nGqGQ| mKj KvGRi mg®¼q, B-MfbÅÆ v´Ö Pvjy I DrmvwnZKiY cÉf‡wZ
KvhKÆ ÌGg DcGRjv cwilG`i ài‚Z½ AbÕ¼xKvh|Æ
 wkLbdj: 7 [Kz. ˆev. 2016]
myZivs ejv hvq ˆh, MÉvGgi Av^Æ-mvgvwRK D®²qGb DcGRjv
K. eZÆgvGb evsjG`Gk wmwU KGcÆvGikGbi msLÅv KqwU?1 cwilG`i eÅvcK f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi|

L. ˆcŒimfvi MVb eYÆbv KGiv| 2

M. DóxcGK ˆh Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi K^v ejv

nGqGQ Zvi KvhÆvewj msGÞGc wjL| 3

N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki, DÚ msÕ©v MÉvGgi Av^-Æ mvgvwRK

D®²qGb eÅvcK f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4

2bs cÉGk²i Dîi cÉk² 3 ˆQvU ‰KwU knGii RbcÉwZwbwa Rbve Kvgi‚j
K eZÆgvGb evsjvG`Gk wmwU KGcÆvGikGbi msLÅv 12wU| Bmjvg Zvi knGii cqtwbÓ•vkb eÅeÕ©v, ivÕ¦vNvU I
ˆLjvayjvi D®²qGbi RbÅ wewf®² KvhKÆ Ìg MÉnY KGib| AbÅvbÅ
L kniGKw±`ÊK Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb KvVvGgvi ˆgŒwjK ‰KK m`GmÅi mnvqZvq wZwb ‰jvKvi kvw¯¦ k†›Ljv iÞv, wbiÞiZv
`ƒixKiY ‰es wewf®² mgvRKjÅvYgƒjK KvhÆvewj mÁ·v`b
nGœQ ˆcŒimfv| KGib| wZwb I Zvi 4 Rb m`mÅ wbGq MwVZ mvwjwk Av`vjZ
‰jvKvi ˆQvULvGUv weev` I KjGni gxgvsmv KiGZ cvGib|
ˆcŒimfvi IqvWÆ msLÅv wbaÆvwiZ nq knGii AvqZb I
RbmsLÅvi wfwîGZ| ZGe ‰KwU cƒYÆvã ˆcŒimfvq 18wU IqvWÆ  wkLbdj: 5 I 6 [iv. ˆev. 2016]
^vGK| mgMÉ ˆcŒi ‰jvKv ˆ^GK ‰KRb ˆgqi, cÉGZÅKwU
IqvWÆ ˆ^GK ‰KRb m`mÅ ‰es cÉwZ wZbwU IqvWÆ ˆ^GK K. Õ©vbxq miKvi KvGK eGj? 1
‰KRb msiwÞZ gwnjv KvDw´Öji RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU
wbeÆvwPZ nb| ˆcŒimfvi KvR I wm«¬v¯¦ evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ L. meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
‰KRb wbeÆvnx KgÆKZvÆ ^vGKb|

M DóxcGK ˆh Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi K^v ejv nGqGQ M. Rbve Kvgi‚j Bmjvg ˆh Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqZ½kvwmZ miKvGii
ˆmwU nGjv DcGRjv cwil`|
wbGÁ² DcGRjv cwilG`i KvhvÆewj msGÞGc ZzGj aiv nGjv: cÉavb Zvi MVb DGjL KGiv| 3
1. cuvPmvjv I wewf®² ˆgqvw` D®q² b cwiK͸bv ŠZwi|
2. cwilG`i wbKU nÕ¦v¯¦wiZ wewf®² miKvwi `µ¦Gii KgÆmƒwP N. DÚ Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ miKvGii mKj KvhKÆ Ìg

evÕ¦evqb ‰es KvhmÆ gƒGni Zî½veavb I mg®¼q Kiv| DóxcGK cwÉ ZdwjZ nq bvB g¯¦eÅ KGiv| 4
AbÅvbÅ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi mvG^ mnGhvwMZv Kiv|
3. B-MfbÅÆ v´Ö Pvjy I DrmvwnZKiY| 3bs cÉGk²i Dîi
4. DcGRjvi mvgwMÉK AvBb-k†›Ljvi welq chÆvGjvPbv KGi K ‰KwU ˆ`Gki miKvGii bxwZmgƒn evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ
cÉwZGe`b ˆRjvi AvBbk†›Ljv KwgwUmn wbqwgZfvGe miKvGii cÉZÅÞ wbq¯¨bvaxGb Õ©vbxq chÆvGq wbhyÚ miKvwi
Ea»ÆZb KZ‡ÆcGÞi wbKU ˆcÉiY Kiv| KgÆPvix KZ‡ÆK ‰jvKv wfwîK kvmb eÅeÕ©vGK Õ©vbxq miKvi
5. m¯¨vm, Pzwi, WvKvwZ, ˆPvivPvjvb, gv`K`eË Å eÅenvi BZÅvw` eGj|
Aciva msNwUZ nIqvi wei‚G«¬ RbgZ m†wÓ¡mn AbÅvbÅ
cÉwZGivagƒjK KvhÆKÌg Kiv| L hLb ag-Æ eYÆ, abx-wbaÆb, bvix-cyi‚l, àY ev DchyÚZv
6. RbÕ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡ I cwievi cwiK͸bv ˆmev wbwøZKiY| wbweÆGkGl cÉGZÅK cÉvµ¦eqÕ• bvMwiKGK ˆfvUvwaKvi ˆ`qv nq,
7. DcGRjv chÆvGq wkÞv cÉmvGii RbÅ D«¼y«¬KiY ‰es ZLb ZvGK meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi ejv nq|
mnvqZv cÉ`vb Kiv|
8. Þz`Ë wk͸ Õ©vcb I weKvGki jGÞÅ KvhÆKÌg MÉnY Kiv| meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi AvaywbK MYZG¯¨i Av`kÆ| evsjvG`Gk
9. mgevq mwgwZ I ˆemiKvwi ˆÕ¼œQvGmex cÉwZÓ¤vGbi KvGR ˆfvUvwaKvGii ˆÞGò mveÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvGii bxwZ ˆgGb Pjv
mnvqZv cÉ`vb I ZvG`i KvGRi mg®¼q mvab Kiv| nq| evsjvG`k msweavGbi 122 bs AbyGœQG` cÉvµ¦ eqGÕ•i
‰QvovI DcGRjv cwil` wewf®² ˆÞGò ZvG`i KvhKÆ Ìg ˆfvUvwaKvGii K^v ejv nGqGQ|

cwiPvjbv KGi ^vGK| M AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKi Rbve Kvgi‚j Bmjvg ˆcŒimfv bvgK
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqZ½kvwmZ miKvGii cÉavb| wbGP ‰i MVb DGÍÏL
Kiv nGjv-

Õ©vbxq kvmb 3

evsjvG`Gki kni ‰jvKvi Õ©vbxq miKvi wnGmGe ˆcŒimfv M. DóxcGK ˆh Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi cÉwZ
MwVZ nq| cÉwZwU ˆcŒimfvGK KZKàGjv IqvGWÆ wefÚ Kiv
nq| ˆcŒimfvi IqvWÆ msLÅv wbavÆwiZ nq knGii AvqZb I BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ Zv bMi D®²qGb Kx Kx KvR
RbmsLÅvi wfwîGZ| ZGe ‰KwU cƒYvÆã ˆcŒimfvq 18wU IqvWÆ
^vGK| mgMÉ ˆcŒi ‰jvKv ˆ^GK ‰KRb ˆgqi, cÉGZÅKwU KiGZ cvGi@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
IqvWÆ ˆ^GK ‰KRb KGi KvDw´Öji I cÉwZ wZbwU IqvWÆ ˆ^GK
‰KRb msiwÞZ gwnjv KvDw´Öji RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU N. DÚ msÕ©vGK kwÚkvjx Kivi RbÅ Kx Kx c`GÞc
wbevÆwPZ nb|
‰fvGe ˆgqi, KvDw´Öji I gwnjv KvDw´ÖjiG`i mg¯¼Gq ˆbqv ˆhGZ cvGi@ ˆZvgvi mycvwikmgƒn wjL| 4
ˆcŒimfv MwVZ nq| ˆcŒimfvi KvhKÆ vj cvuP eQi| ˆcŒimfvi
KvR I wm«¬v¯¦ evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ cÉGZÅK ‰KRb wbevÆnx 4bs cÉGk²i Dîi
KgÆKZvÆ ^vGKb| K BDwbqb cwilG` msiwÞZ gwnjv m`mÅ msLÅv wZb (03)
N DóxcGKi eYÆbvq ˆcŒimfv Z^v Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ
miKvGii mKj KvhKÆ Ìg cÉwZdwjZ nq wb eGj Avwg gGb Kwi| Rb|
DóxcGKi eYÆbv gGZ, ˆcŒimfvi RbcÉwZwbwa Rbve Kvgij‚
Bmjvg knGii cqtwbÓ•vkb eÅeÕ©v, ivÕ¦vNvU I ˆLjvayjvi L ‰KwU ˆ`Gki miKvGi bxwZmgƒn evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ
D®²qGbi RbÅ wewf®² KvhKÆ Ìg MÉnY KGib| AbÅvbÅ m`GmÅi
mnvqZvq wZwb ‰jvKvi kvw¯¦ k†›Ljv iÞv, wbiÞiZv `ƒixKiY miKvGii cÉZÅÞ wbq¯¨YvaxGb Õ©vbxq chÆvGq wbhy&Ú miKvwi
‰es wewf®² mgvRKjÅvYgƒjK KvhÆvewj mÁ·v`b KGib| wZwb KgÆPvwi KZ‡ÆK ‰jvKvwfwîK kvmb eÅeÕ©vGK Õ©vbxq kvmb ev
I Zvi 4 Rb m`mÅ wbGq MwVZ mvwjwk Av`vjZ ‰jvKvi Õ©vbxq miKvi eGj| Õ©vbxq kvmb KZ‡ÆcGÞi ˆKvGbv bxwZ
ˆQvULvGUv weev` I KjGni gxgvsmv KiGZ cvGib| ‰QvovI wbaÆviYx ÞgZv ˆbB| miKvGii wbG`ÆGk ‰es cÉZÅÞ
ˆcŒimfvi AvGiv bvbvwea KvhvÆejx iGqGQ| ˆhgb- ˆcŒi wbq¯¨YvaxGb Zviv `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib|
‰jvKvq wkÞv cÉwZÓ¤vb Õ©vcb, ‰àGjvGK A^Æ mvnvhÅ cÉ`vb,
QvòQvòxG`i RbÅ ˆnvGÕ¡j wbgvYÆ , ˆgavex I `wi`Ë QvòG`i e†wî M DóxcGK Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©v ˆcŒimfvi cÉwZ
cÉ`vb, hv`yNi Õ©vcb, cvKÆ, D`Åvb, wgjbvqZb Õ©vcb, wewf®²
Õ©vGb ˆiwWI-ˆUwjwfkb mieivn I iÞYvGeÞY, HwZnvwmK BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ| ‰B msÕ©v bMi D®²qGb Kx Kx KvR
Õ©vbmgƒn msiÞY, Abv^ I `yÕ©G`i RbÅ KjÅvY ˆK±`Ê KiGZ cvGi Zv wbGÁ² eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjvt
Õ©vcb, wfÞve†wî, RyqvGLjv I g`Åcvb eG®¬i eÅeÕ©v Kiv, 1. cvwb mieivn I wbÓ•vkb t RbmvaviGYi we÷«¬ cvwb
g†ZG`Gni mrKvi, ˆcŒi ‰jvKvi RbMGYi Rxeb I mÁ·wî
iÞvi RbÅ Šbk cÉnix wbGqvM, Aciva I wecóRbK ˆLjv I mieivn Kiv ˆcŒimfvi ài‚Z½cƒYÆ KvR| ‰Qvov cvwb
ˆckv wbq¯¨Y, ˆMviÕ©vb, kÄkvb wbgvÆY, ebÅv I `ywfÆGÞi mgq wbÓ•vkGbi RbÅ cqtcÉYvwji eÅeÕ©v KivI ˆcŒimfvi
òvGYi eÅeÕ©v Kiv BZÅvw`| `vwqZ½|
myZivs ‰Uv wb:mG±`Gn ejv hvq ˆh, DóxcGKi eYÆbvq 2. RbKjÅvYgƒjK KvR t RbKjÅvY mvab Kivi jGÞÅ
ˆcŒimfv Z^v Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ miKvGii mKj KvhKÆ Ìg ˆcŒimfv ˆcŒi ‰jvKvq AveÆRbv cwiÓ•vvi-cwiœQ®² ivLv,
cwÉ ZdwjZ nq bvB| ˆivM RxevYy a»smKvix Ilay cò mieivn BZÅvw` KvR
mÁ·v`b KGi ^vGK|
cÉk² 4 elÆvi Rjve«¬Zv bMi RxeGbi ‰K Awfkvc| 3. wkÞvgƒjK KvR t ˆcŒi ‰jvKvq wkÞv weÕ¦vGii jGÞÅ
ˆcŒimfv we`Åvjq Õ©vcb, `wi`Ë I ˆgavex wkÞv^ÆxG`i
bMievmxGK ‰B msKU nGZ gywÚ ˆ`qvi RbÅ bvbv c`GÞc ˆbqv e†wî cÉ`vb ‰es AbÅvbÅ wkÞvˆÞGò mvnvhÅ `vb KGi|
4. D®²qbgƒjK KvR t RbmvaviGYi PjvPGji RbÅ ivÕ¦vNvU
nq| bvjv b`Ægv cwiÓ•vi, Rjvkq fivU ˆiva, RbmGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ wbgÆvY I iÞYvGeÞY Kiv, e†ÞGivcY I ‰àGjv msiÞY
cÉf‡wZ ˆcŒimfvi D®²qbgƒjK KvGRi AskweGkl|
BZÅvw` bvbv c`GÞc ˆbqv nq| miKvGii ‰KwU Õ©vbxq 5. M†nwbgvYÆ wbq¯¨Y t bMi ‰jvKvq mylgfvGe evwoNi
wbgÆvGYi RbÅ ˆcŒimfvi AbygwZi cÉGqvRb nq hvGZ
Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vb ‰me KvR KGi ^vGK| ˆhGnZz wbeÆvwPZ bvMwiKMY bMi ‰jvKvi ˆmŒ±`hÆ e†w«¬i RbÅ KvR KGi|
6. mvsÕ•‡wZK D®q² b t msÕ•‡wZi D®²qGbi RbÅ ˆcŒimfv
bMi ‰jvKvq Z^ňK±`Ê, Rv`yNi, AvUÆ MÅvjvwi BZÅvw`
Õ©vcb I cwiPvjbv KGi|
7. kvw¯¦ k†›Ljv iÞv t kvw¯¦-k†›Ljv iÞvi RbÅ ˆcŒimfv
ˆÕ¼œQvGmeK evwnbx MVb KGi ^vGK|

cÉwZwbwaiv ‰me KvGR wbGqvwRZ ZvB RbMGYi cÉZÅvkv ZvG`i N DÚ msÕ©vGK kwÚkvjx Kivi RbÅ wbGÁ² ewYÆZ c`GÞc

cÉwZ AZÅvwaK| evsjvG`Gk ‰i…c cÉwZÓ¤vGbi msLÅv cÉvq wZb ˆbIqv ˆhGZ cvGi
1. Õ¼œQZv t ˆcŒimfvi Š`bw±`b KvhvÆewji gGaÅ Õ¼œQZv wbGq
kZvwaK|  wkLbdj: 5 I 6 [e. ˆev. 2016]
Avmv LyeB Ri‚wi| KviY KvGRi gGaÅ Õ¼œQZv ^vKGj Zv
K. BDwbqb cwilG` msiwÞZ gwnjv m`mÅ msLÅv KZ?1 RbKjÅvYgyLx nq|

L. Õ©vbxq miKvi KvGK eGj? 2

4 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

2. Revew`wnZv t ˆcŒmfvi bMi ‰jvKvq bvbvwea KvGRi 4. AskMÉnY t DÚ msÕ©vq RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ AskMÉnGYi
RbÅ RbMGYi wbKU Revew`wn KiGj Zv msÕ©vi mybvGgi
c^ myMg KGi| dGj DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vb ‰KwU kwÚkvjx gGaÅ w`Gq cÉwZwbwa wbeÆvPb Kiv DwPZ| ‰i dGj
Õ¼vqîkvwqZ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi i…c aviY KGi| RbMGYi cÉwZ wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaG`i `vqe«¬Zv ˆeGo hvq
‰es ‰iv KvGRi cÉwZ ˆek gGbvGhvMx nGq ^vGKb|
3. AvBGbi kvmb t ˆcŒimfvGK kwÚkvjx Kivi RbÅ 5. c`PzÅwZ t ˆKvb cÉwZwbwa ÞgZvi AceÅenvi KiGj ZvGK
AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv ‰Kv¯¦ Acwinvh|Æ AvBb c`PzÅwZ Kivi weavbGK kwÚkvjx Kiv `iKvi| ‰Qvov Š`wnK I
Abyhvqx wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaG`i mwVKfvGe `vwqZ½ cvjb gvbwmK AÞgZv, Am`vPiY, Znwej Avñmvr cÉf‡wZ KviGY
Kiv DwPZ| KviY ZvG`i mwVKfvGe `vwqZ½ cvjb ZvG`iGK AcmviGYi eÅeÕ©v Kiv cÉGqvRb|
cÉwZÓ¤vGbi mybvg eGq AvGb|

cixÞvq Kgb ˆcGZ AbbÅ cÉGkv² îi

cÉk² 5 wmwóK evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq miKvi eÅeÕ©vi AaxGb MwVZ nq ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb, bqRb wbeÆvwPZ m`mÅ ‰es
wZbRb msiwÞZ AvmGb mivmwi ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ gwnjv m`mÅ
‰KwU cwilG`i cÉavb| Zvi mvG^ AviI bqRb cyi‚l m`mÅ wbGq| wbeÆvPGbi DGóGkÅ cÉGZÅKwU BDwbqbGK bqwU IqvGWÆ
wefÚ Kiv nq| cÉGZÅK IqvWÆ ˆ^GK ‰KRb cyi‚l m`mÅ,
wbeÆvwPZ nGqGQb| mvG^ AviI wbeÆvwPZ nGqGQb wZbRb bvix wZbwU IqvWÆ nGZ ‰KRb KGi gwnjv m`mÅ ‰es mgMÉ
BDwbqb ˆ^GK ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU
m`mÅ| ZvG`i mnvqZvi RbÅ iGqGQb ‰KRb miKvwi wbeÆvwPZ nb| A^Ævr BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ nq ˆgvU 13 Rb
wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwai mg®¼Gq| cwilG`i mveÆÞwYK `vµ¦wiK KvR
KgÆPvwi| ZvG`i cwilG`i KvhÆKvj cuvP eQi| KGib miKvi KZ‡ÆK wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ I ˆeZbfzÚ ‰KRb
ˆmGKÌUvwi| DóxcGKi weavb miKvi ‰KwU msÕ©vi wbeÆvwPZ
wkLbdj-3 I 4 cÉavb| Zvi msÕ©vq wZwbmn ˆgvU 13 Rb wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa
AvGQb| ZvG`i KvGR mvnvhÅ Kivi RbÅ miKviI KZ‡ÆK
K. wmwU KGcÆvGikGbi KvhÆKvj ev ˆgqv` KZ eQi? 1 wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ ‰KRb ˆmGKÌUvwi KgÆiZ AvGQb| weavb miKvGii
‰ msÕ©vwUi mvG^ BDwbqb cwilG`i MVGbi wgj iGqGQ|
L. bvix I wk÷ AwaKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq NGO-‰i f„wgKv myZivs ejv hvq, weavb miKvi Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vb
BDwbqb cwilG`i cÉavb Z^v ˆPqvigÅvb|
Kxi…c eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
N DóxcGK ewYÆZ msÕ©v A^Ævr BDwbqb cwil` MÉvgxY
M. Rbve wmwóK Õ©vbxq miKvGii ˆKvb cwilG`i RbMGYi D®²qGb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGi@ eÚeÅwU
mwVK| A
wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 MÉvgxY mgmÅv `ƒixKiY, MYmGPZbZv e†w«¬ I `vwqZ½kxj ˆbZZ‡ ½
Z^v RbcÉwZwbwa ŠZwi Kivi ˆÞGò BDwbqb cwil` eÅvcK
N. ‘evsjvG`Gki D®²qb KvGR DÚ cwil` AGbK KvhÆ KvR cwiPvjbv KGi ^vGK| BDwbqb cwil` ivÕ¦vNvU, ˆmZz
wbgÆvY, KvjfvUÆ wbgÆvY I iÞYvGeÞY ‰es ivÕ¦vi avGi
mÁ·v`b KGi ^vGK’@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 e†ÞGivcY KGi| K‡wli D®q² Gbi RbÅ D®Z² gvGbi exR, mvi I
KxUbvkK mieivn I AwaK Lv`Å Drcv`Gb Drmvn cÉ`vb KGi
5bs cÉGk²i Dîi ‰es grmÅ Pvl, c÷cvjb I c÷mÁ·` D®²qGbi RbÅ
cÉGqvRbxq eÅeÕ©v MnÉ Y KGi|
K wmwU KGcÆvGikGbi KvhÆKvj 5 eQi| A RbÕ¼vÕ©Å iÞvi RbÅ BDwbqb cwil` cwiGek cwiÓ•vi-
cwiœQ®² ivLvi eÅeÕ©v KGi| gqjv AveRÆbv ˆdjv, cÉvYx
L evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq chÆvGqi D®²qGb NGO-‰i f„wgKv RevB, Mevw` c÷i ˆMvmj, gqjv Kvco-ˆPvco ˆavqv BZÅvw`
AZů¦ ZvrchÆcƒYÆ| weGkl KGi bvix I wk÷i AwaKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq wbq¯¨Y KGi| cÉv^wgK wPwKrmvi RbÅ `vZeÅ nvmcvZvj cÉwZÓ¤v
Zviv ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ| A KGi| wkÞv weÕ¦vi I wbiÞiZv `ƒixKiGYi RbÅ `wi`Ë I
bvixi D®²qGb Zviv RvgvbZwenxb Þz`Ë FY weZiGYi gvaÅGg ˆgavex wkÞv^ÆxG`i e†wî cÉ`vb, eqÕ• wkÞv`vb ˆK±`Ê I
bvixG`iGK A^Æ‹bwZK KgÆKvGí hÚy KiGQ| ‰Qvov wk÷ I
gvZ‡g†ZÅz i nvi wbq¯¨GY KvR Kiv, bvixi ÞgZvqb, bvixi cÉwZ
wei…c gGbvfve wbimGb mvgvwRK cÉPviYv, bvix wbhÆvZb e®¬,
evjÅweevn cÉwZGiva, ˆhŒb nqivwb e®¬ cÉf‡wZ KgÆKví
cwiPvjbv KGi ^vGK| wk÷G`i wkÞvi RbÅI NGO bvbv
DG`ÅvM wbGq ^vGK| ˆhgb- cÉZů¦ AçGj Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v,
wk÷G`i gvGS wkÞv DcKiY weZiY BZÅvw`|

M DóxcGKi weavb miKvi MÉvgxY Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ
cÉwZÓ¤vb BDwbqb cwilG`i cÉavb| A
BDwbqb cwil` evsjvG`Gki cwÍÏ AçGji meÆwbÁ² cÉkvmwbK
BDwbU| cÉv^wgK chÆvGq BDwbqb cwilG`i f„wgKv
wbivcîvgƒjK KgÆKvGí mxgve«¬ ^vKGjI cieZÆxKvGj ‰wUB
Õ©vbxq miKvGii cÉv^wgK wfwîi…Gc MGo IGV| eZÆgvGb
evsjvG`Gk 4,554wU BDwbqb cwil` AvGQ| BDwbqb cwil`

Õ©vbxq kvmb 5

jvBGeËwi Õ©vcb KGi| ZvQvov msev` mieivn I cÉPvi M DóxcGK Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vb wnGmGe BDwbqb
wbe®¬xKiY ‰es B-MfGbÆ´Ö Pvjy I DrmvwnZ KiGYI f„wgKv cwilG`i K^v ejv nGqGQ| Õ©vbxq D®²qGb BDwbqb cwilG`i
ivGL| RbMGYi A^Æ‹bwZK D®²qGbi RbÅ KzwUi wk͸ Õ©vcb I
mgevq AvG±`vjb cwiPvjbv ‰es ‰ eÅvcvGi RbMYGK KvhvÆ ewj gƒjÅvqb Kiv nGjv- A
DrmvwnZ KGi| wbR AwdGmi eÅq wbeÆvGni RbÅ wewf®² aiGbi Õ©vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb 2009 Abyhvqx
Ki avhÆ I Av`vq ‰es wewf®² aiGbi ivRÕ¼ msMÉGn miKviGK
mnvqZv KGi| R¯Ã-g†ZÅz I weevn ˆiwRÕ¡vi ‰es ˆmàGjv BDwbqb cwil` Õ©vbxq D®q² Gb ˆhme KvR KGi Zv wbÁi² …c:
iÞYvGeÞY KGi| ebÅv I AbÅvbÅ cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvGMi mgq 1. RbKjÅvYgƒjK KvR: RbKjÅvGYi RbÅ ivÕ¦vNvU wbgÆvY I
`yÕ©G`i mvnvhÅ I cybeÆvmGbi eÅeÕ©v KGi| MÉvgxY RxeGbi
wewf®² weGiva wbÓ·wîi eÅeÕ©v KGi| mGevÆ œP cuvP (05) nvRvi ZvG`i Zî¾veavb, ˆLjvayjvi gvV wbgÆvY I ˆgivgZ, ivÕ¦v
UvKv gƒGjÅi ˆ`Iqvwb I ˆQvULvGUv ˆdŒR`vwi gvgjvi wePviI NvGU AvGjvi eÅeÕ©v, ˆMviÕ©vb, kÄkvb, we÷«¬ cvbxq
BDwbqb cwil` KiGZ cvGi|
cwiGkGl ejv hvq, Õ©vbxq D®²qGb weGkl KGi cwÍÏ ‰jvKvi RGji RbÅ K„c, bjKƒc Õ©vcb KGi ^vGK BDwbqb
D®²qGb BDwbqb cwil` ZvrchÆcƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGi|
cwil`|
cÉk² 6 Bdv I wZkv NwbÓ¤ ev®¬ex| Bdv MÉvGg gvaÅwgK 2. kvw¯¦iÞv-msKÌv¯¦ KvR: BDwbqGbi Afů¦Gi kvw¯¦-k†›Ljv

we`ÅvjGqi covGkvbv KGi| Aciw`GK wgkvi evev PvKwiRxex iÞvi RbÅ BDwbqb cwil` ˆPŒwK`vi I `dv`vi wbGqvM
‰es MÉvgxY cywjk, ˆÕ¼œQvGmeK evwnbx MVb I cwiPvjbv
nIqvi KviGY eZÆgvGb ˆm knGi ‰KwU gvaÅGg gvaÅwgK KGi ^vGK|
3. wePvi-msKÌv¯¦ KvR: BDwbqb cwil` MÉvGgi wewf®² mgmÅv
we`ÅvjGq cov÷bv KiGQ| Bdv ‰KwU wPwVGZ Zvi küGi I gvgjv cwiPvjbvi ˆÞGò mvwjwk Av`vjZ wnGmGe KvR
KGi|
ev®¬ex wZkvGK evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb cÉwZÓ¤vb 4. ivRÕ-¼ msKÌv¯¦ KvR: BDwbqb cwil` Õ©vbxq Ki avhÆ I
Av`vq ‰es miKviGK wewf®² aiGbi ivRÕ¼ msMÉGn mvnvhÅ
BDwbqb cwilG`i KvhvÆ ewji K^v Rvbvq| ˆm wZkvGK wjGL- KGi ^vGK|
5. weGbv`bgƒjK KvR: BDwbqb cwil` BDwbqGb ˆgjv I
‘MÉvgvçGj Õ©vbxq wewf®² mgmÅv mgvavGbi RbÅ ‰es Õ©vbxq cÉ`kÆbx AvGqvRGbi eÅeÕ©v MÉnY, RvZxq Drme AbyÓ¤vb,
ˆLjvayjvi miévg BZÅvw`i eÅeÕ©v KGi ^vGK|
I RvZxq chÆvGq ˆbZ‡Z½ weKvGki RbÅ BDwbqb cwil` AbbÅ MÉvgxY chÆvGqi bvMwiKMY BDwbqb cwilG` AkMÉnGYi gvaÅGg
miKvwi KgÆKvGí AskMÉnGYi myGhvM jvf KGi ‰es ˆbZG‡ Z½i
f„wgKv cvjb KGi ^vGK| wZkv Bdvi wPwV ˆ^GK Dcjwº¬ KGi weKvk jvf KGi|
DÚ AvGjvPbvi ˆkGl ejv hvq, Õ©vbxq D®q² Gb weGkl KGi
BDwbqb cwil` evsjvG`Gki cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiGYi dj| cwÍÏ ‰jvKvi D®²qGb BDwbqb cwil` ZvrchÆcYƒ Æ f„wgKv cvjb
KGi|
wkLbdj-3
N DóxcK Abyhvqx Bdvi wPwV ˆ^GK wZkvi Dcjwº¬
K. evsjvG`Gk BDwbqb cwilG`i msLÅv KZ? 1 “BDwbqb cwil` evsjvG`Gki cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiGYi dj”
wQj h^vh^| A
L. cÉkvmwbK chÆvGq BDwbqb cwilG`i AeÕ©vb eÅvLÅv AvaywbKKvGj ivGÓ¡Çi AvqZb I RbmsLÅv wekvj ‰es wecyj
weavq ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii cGÞ ivGÓ¡Çi mKj mgmÅvi mgvavb
Ki| 2 Kiv mÁ¿e bq| weGkl KGi ˆKvGbv ‰jvKvi mgmÅv Õ©vbxq
miKviB fvGjvfvGe Dcjwº¬ KiGZ mÞg nq ‰es ˆm Abyhvqx
M. Bdv Zvi wjwLZ wPwVGZ BDwbqb cwilG`i ˆh mgvavGbi eÅeÕ©vI `Ë‚ZZvi mvG^ MÉnY KiZ cvGi| ZvB
miKvGii RbÅ cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiY AvekÅK nGq cGo|
KvhvÆ ewji K^v DGÍÏL KGiGQ Zv eYÆbv Ki| 3 evsjvG`k miKvGii cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiGYi dj wnGmGe
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb aviYvi D«¿e| ‰B avivevwnKZvq Õ©vbxq
N. Bdvi wPwV ˆ^GK wZkvi Dcjwº¬ weGkÏlY Ki| 4 miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb-2009 Abyhvqx eZÆgvb
BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ nq| ‰ AvBb Abyhvqx cÉwZwU BDwbqb
6bs cÉGk²i Dîi cwilG` 9wU IqvGWÆ wefÚ Kiv nq| cÉwZwU IqvGWÆ 1 Rb KGi
ˆgvU 9 Rb wbeÆvwPZ m`mÅ ‰es cÉwZ 3wU IqvWÆ ˆ^GK 1 Rb
K evsjvG`Gk BDwbqb cwilG`i msLÅv 4,554wU| A KGi ˆgvU 3 Rb gwnjv m`mÅ ^vGKb| mgMÉ BDwbqb ˆ^GK 1
Rb ˆPqigÅvb wbGq ˆgvU 13 m`GmÅi BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ
L evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vbmgƒGni gGaÅ nq| ‰ BDwbqb cwil` ‰KwU Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vb wnGmGe
BDwbqb cwil` evsjvG`Gki cÉkvmwbK chÆvGqi meÆwbGÁ²
AewÕ©Z|
MÉvgxY RbMGYi mgmÅv mgvavGbi gvaÅGg ‰jvKvi mvweÆK
D®²qGbi jGÞÅ BDwbqb cwilG`i gGZv Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ
cÉwZÓ¤vGbi m†wÓ¡ nGqGQ| Õ©vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`)
AvBb, 2009 Abyhvqx eZÆgvb BDwbqb cwil` MwVZ nq| ‰
AvBb Abyhvqx cÉwZwU BDwbqb cwil`GK 9wU IqvGWÆ fvM Kiv
nq| 9 Rb wbeÆvwPZ m`mÅ, 1 Rb ˆPqvigÅvb I 3 Rb gwnjv
m`mÅ msiwÞZ AvmGb wbeÆvwPZ nb| ‰Qvov BDwbqb cwilG`i
`vµ¦wiK KvR cwiPvjbvi RbÅ ‰KRb miKvwi ˆeZbfzÚ mwPe
wbhyÚ ^vGKb| A

6 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

Õ©vbxq RbMGYi KjÅvGY bvbv KgÆmƒwP cvjb KGi ^vGK| ‰KRb KvDw´Öji wbeÆvwPZ nb| cÉwZ wZbwU IqvWÆ nGZ
cÉmãZ, BDwbqb cwil` evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq Õv¼ qîkvmGbi msiwÞZ AvmGb ‰KRb gwnjv KvDw´Öji wbeÆvwPZ nb| ‰KwU
meÆwbÁ² Õ¦i| cƒYÆvã ˆcŒimfvq mvaviYZ 18wU IqvWÆ ^vGK| ˆm wnGmGe
DcGivÚ AvGjvPbvi ˆ^GK ‰ K^v ejv hvq, BDwbqb cwil` ˆcŒimfvi ˆgvU m`mÅ msLÅv nGjv: ‰KRb ˆgqi, AvVvGiv Rb
KvDw´Öji, QqRb gwnjv KvDw´Öjimn ˆgvU 25 Rb|
evsjvG`Gki cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiGYi dj| myZivs DóxcGK ˆcŒimfvi gGbvbxZ gwnjv KvDw´Öji ˆKvGbvKÌGgB wbeÆvwPZ
KvDw´ÖjG`i ˆgvU msLÅvi `kfvGMi ‰K AsGki ˆewk nGe
wZkvi Dcjwº¬ wQj h^v^Æ| bv| ˆcŒimfvi ˆgqi, KvDw´ÖjiG`i KvhÆKvGji ˆgqv`Kvj
cuvP eQi|
cÉk² 7 Rbve ingZ Avjx I Rbve byi‚ävgvb wek¼we`ÅvjGq
N DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vb ejGZ cwÍÏ chÆvGqi Õ©vbxq
mncvVx wQGjb| wek¼we`Åvjq RxeGb Zviv `yRbB Qvò Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©v ‘DcGRjv cwil`’GK ˆevSvGbv nGqGQ|
DcGRjv cwil` AvgvG`i ˆ`Gki Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vi
ivRbxwZi mGã hÚy wQGjb| MZ eQi Zviv `jxq cÉZxGK ‰KwU DGÍÏLGhvMÅ Õ©vb `Lj KGi AvGQ| Õ©vbxq mgmÅv
mgvavGb ‰ cwÉ ZÓ¤vb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGi| ˆhgb@
wbeÆvPGb AskMÉnY KGi `ywU wf®² Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi 1. Õ©vbxq chÆvGqi D®²qGbi RbÅ cuvPmvjv I wewf®² ˆgqv`x

cÉavb wnGmGe wbeÆvwPZ nGqGQb| ˆQvU ‰KwU knGii D®²qb cwiK͸bv ŠZwi Kiv|
2. Av¯¦tBDwbqb msGhvMKvix ivÕ¦v wbgÆvY, ˆgivgZ I
RbcÉwZwbwa wnGmGe ingZ Avjx Õ©vbxq welGq bxwZ wbaÆviY,
iÞYvGeÞY Kiv|
wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY I evÕ¦evqb KGi ^vGKb| Aciw`GK Rbve 3. Õ©vbxq A^Æ‹bwZK I mvgvwRK D®²qb mÁ·wKÆZ cwiK͸bv

byi‚ävgvGbi cÉwZÓ¤vbwUi gƒj jÞÅ nGjv cÍÏxi RbMGYi wkÞv, cÉYqb I evÕ¦evqb Kiv|
4. f„-DcwiÕ© cvwb mÁ·G`i mGevÆ îg eÅenvi wbwøZ Kivi
Õ¼vÕ©Åmn mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK D®²qb mvab KGi RbGmev
RbÅ miKvGii wbG`Ækbv AbymvGi Þz`Ë ˆmP cÉKG͸i
Kiv ‰es Õ©vbxq ˆbZ‡GZ½i weKvk mvab Kiv| wkLbdj-5 eÅeÕ©v Kiv|
5. RbÕ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡ I cwievi cwiK͸bv ˆmev wbwøZKiY|
K. ˆKvivg Kx? 1 6. mÅvwbGUkb I cqtwbÓ•vkb eÅeÕ©vi D®²wZ mvab|
7. DcGRjv chvÆ Gq wkÞvi cÉmvi wbwøZ Kiv|
L. Õ©vbxq miKvi ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 8. Þz`Ë wk͸ Õ©vcb I weKvGki jGÞÅ KvhKÆ Ìg MÉnY ‰es Zvi
evÕ¦evqb|
M. DóxcGKi Rbve ingZ Avjxi cÉwZÓ¤vbwU KxfvGe 9. ˆemiKvwifvGe gwnjv, wk÷, mgvRKjÅvY ‰es hye, KÌxov
I mvsÕ•‡wZK KvhKÆ ÌGg mnvqZv cÉ`vb|
MwVZ nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 10. AvñKgÆmsÕ©vb m†wÓ¡ I `vwi`Ë weGgvPGbi RbÅ wbR
DG`ÅvGM KgmÆ ƒwP MÉnY ‰es Zvi evÕ¦evqb|
N. Õ©vbxq mgmÅv mgvavGbi ˆÞGò Rbve byi‚ävgvGbi
AZ‰e, DwÍÏwLZ welqàGjv ˆ^GK ‰Uv Õ·Ó¡Z cÉZxqgvb nq,
cÉwZÓ¤vbwUi f„wgKv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 Õ©vbxq chÆvGqi mgmÅvi mgvavbKG͸ DcGRjv cwilG`i
f„wgKv meGPGq ˆewk|
7bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K ˆh wbw`ÆÓ¡ msLÅK msm` m`mÅ msmG` DcwÕ©Z ^vKGj
msmG`i KvhKÆ Ìg ÷i‚ Kiv hvq ZvGK ˆKvivg eGj|

L Õ©vbxq miKvi ejGZ miKvGii cÉZÅÞ wbq¯¨YvaxGb cÉk² 8 `†kÅcU-1 : Rbve ‘X’ ‰KwU cÉkvmwbK BDwbGUi
Õ©vbxq chÆvGq wbhyÚ miKvwi KgÆPvix KZ‡ÆK ‰jvKvwfwîK cÉavb| wK¯§ wZwb RbMGYi Ici Ki avhÆ KiGZ cvGib bv|
kvmbeÅeÕ©vGK ˆevSvq|
Õ©vbxq miKvi nGjv miKvGii cÉkvmwbK weGK±`ÊxKiGYi
Ask| miKvi ˆK±`Êxq chÆvGq bxwZ I wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY KGi
ˆmàGjv evÕ¦evqGbi jGÞÅ Õ©vbxq miKvi eÅeÕ©v cÉeZÆb
KGi| ‰ eÅeÕ©vq Õ©vbxq kvmb KZ‡ÆcGÞi ˆKvGbv Õ¼vaxbZv,
Õ¼vqîkvmGbi AwaKvi I bxwZwbaÆviwY ÞgZv ^vGK bv| Zviv
ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii wbG`ÆGk ‰es cÉZÅÞ wbq¯¨YvaxGb `vwqZ½
cvjb KGi| evsjvG`Gki wefvMxq cÉkvmb, ˆRjv cÉkvmb ‰es
DcGRjv cÉkvmb nGjv Õ©vbxq miKvi eÅeÕ©vi D`vniY| A

M DóxcGKi Rbve ingZ Avjxi cÉwZÓ¤vbwU nGjv@ `†kÅcU-2 : Rbve ‘Y’ Rbve ‘X’-‰i gGZvB ‰KwU cÉkvmwbK
ˆcŒimfv| wbGÁ² ˆcŒimfvi MVb cÉYvjx AvGjvPbv Kiv nGjv@
ˆcŒimfv nGœQ knGii RbMGYi Õ©vbxq mgmÅvàGjvi mgvavb BDwbGUi cÉavb| wZwb Õ©vbxq RbMGYi Ici Ki AvGivc
‰es D®²qbgƒjK KvR Kivi RbÅ Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©v| cÉwZwU
ˆcŒimfvGK KZàGjv IqvGWÆ wefÚ Kiv nq| ˆcŒimfvi IqvWÆ KiGZ cvGib|  wkLbdj: 2
msLÅv wbaÆvwiZ nq knGii AvqZb I RbmsLÅvi wfwîGZ|
‰KRb ˆgqi, KGqKRb KvDw´Öji I miKvi KZƆK gGbvbxZ K. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb mÁ·GKÆ ivÓ¡Çweævbx Rb KÑvKÆ Kx
KGqKRb gwnjv KvDw´Öji wbGq ˆcŒimfv MwVZ nq| ˆgqi I
KvDw´ÖjiMY RbMGYi ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ nb| cÉGZÅK IqvWÆ nGZ eGjGQb? 1

L. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmGbi aviYv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2

M. Rbve ‘Y’ ˆh aiGbi kvmb eÅeÕ©v cwiPvjbv KGib

Zvi cÉGqvRbxqZv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3

Õ©vbxq kvmb 7

N. Rbve ‘X’ I Rbve ‘Y’-‰i miKvGii gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vi gvaÅGg kvmbeÅeÕ©vq eÅq nËvm
cvq I AvgjvZvw¯¨K RwUjZv `ƒixf„Z nq| ‰ eÅeÕ©v
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 RbmvaviGYi gGaÅ mybvMwiKZvi àYvewj ‰es ˆbZG‡ Z½i weKvk
NUvq|
8bs cÉGk²i Dîi
myZivs ejv hvq ˆh, Õ©vbxq RbcÉwZwbwaG`i gvaÅGg cwiPvwjZ
K Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb mÁ·GKÆ ivÓ¡Çweævbx Rb KÑvKÆ eGjGQb, ‰KwU àiZ‚ ½cƒYÆ cÉkvmwbK BDwbU nGjv Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb|

‘Õ©vbxq Õ¼kvwmZ miKvi RvZxq ev cÉvG`wkK miKvGii ˆmB N Rbve ‘X’ ‰i miKvi eÅeÕ©v nGjv Õ©vbxq miKvi
eÅeÕ©v ‰es ‘Y’ ‰i miKvi eÅeÕ©v nGjv Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ
Ask hv cÉavbZ wbw`ÆÓ¡ ‰jvKvi AwaevmxG`i mvG^ mÁ·wKÆZ miKvi eÅeÕ©v|

welqvw`i mvG^ RwoZ ‰es ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii AaxGb Õ©vbxq Õ©vbxq kvmb I Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmGbi gGaÅ we`Ågvb cv^ÆKÅ
wbGP ZzGj aiv nGjv:
miKvGii «v¼ iv cwiPvwjZ nGZ BœQzK|’
cÉ^gZ, Õ©vbxq kvmbeÅeÕ©v cwiPvwjZ nq miKvi KZ‡ÆK
L ‰KwU ˆ`Gki Þz`Ë Þz`Ë ‰jvKvi RbmvaviGYi cÉwZwbwa wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ KgÆKZvÆ G`i «¼viv| Aciw`GK, Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb
«¼viv cwiPvwjZ Õ-¼ Õ¼ ‰jvKvi kvmbeÅeÕ©vGK Õ©vbxq eÅeÕ©v cwiPvwjZ nq Õ©vbxq RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ
Õ¼vqîkvmb eGj| cÉwZwbwaG`i «¼viv| w«¼ZxqZ, Õ©vbxq kvmbeÅeÕ©vq miKvwi
KgÆKZvÆ G`i cÉavb jÞÅ nGœQ miKvGii bxwZ I KgÆmƒwP
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmGbi cÉwZwbwaMY ‰jvKvi RbmvaviGYi «¼viv evÕ¦evqb Kiv| AbÅw`GK, Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi
cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ nb| cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjv AvBGbi gvaÅGg wbeÆvwPZ KgÆKZvÆ ev cwiPvjKG`i jÞÅ nGjv RbMGYi KjÅvY
ÞgZvcÉvµ¦ ‰es wbR wbR ‰jvKvi RbMGYi wbKU `vqx mvab Kiv|
^vGKb|
Z‡ZxqZ, Õ©vbxq miKvGii me wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq ˆK±`Êxq
M Rbve 'Y' Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©v cwiPvjbv KGib| miKvi KZ‡ÆK| Aciw`GK, Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi
KgÆKZvÆ MY wbGRivB me bxwZ I wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY ‰es Zv
wbGP Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vi cÉGqvRbxqZv eÅvLÅv Kiv evÕ¦evqb KGi ^vGKb|

nGjv PZz^ÆZ, Õ©vbxq miKvGii KgÆKZÆve†±` ZvG`i hveZxq KvGRi
RbÅ ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii wbKU `vqx ^vGKb| Avi Õ©vbxq
eZÆgvb weGk¼ D®²Z, D®²qbkxj, Aby®²Z cÉvq me ivGÓ¡Ç Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ miKvi ZvG`i KvGRi RbÅ Õ©vbxq RbMGYi
Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vi f„wgKv AZů¦ ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ| eZÆgvGb AvaywbK wbKU `vqx ^vGKb| ‰àGjv QvovI ‰ `yGUvi gGaÅ AviI AGbK
ivÓ¡ÇàGjv MYZvw¯¨K I RbKjÅvYKvgx nIqvq ivGÓ¡Çi KvhÆvewj cv^ÆKÅ we`Ågvb iGqGQ|
KÌGgB ˆeGo PGjGQ| dGj ivGÓ¡Çi me KvR myÓ¤zfvGe mÁ·®²
Kiv KwVb| ZvB AvaywbK cÉkvmb eÅeÕ©vq Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb
AZxe cÉGqvRbxq| Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vi «¼viv miKvGii
KvGR ˆhgb Pvc nËvm cvq ˆmB mvG^ Õ©vbxq mgmÅvàGjvi myÓ¤z
mgvavb `Ë‚Z I mnR nq|

Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjvGZ AskMÉnGYi gaÅ w`Gq
RbMGYi gGaÅ AGbK KgÆZrciZv I `vwqZ½GevGai m†wÓ¡ nq|

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk²

cÉk² 9 Rvwn` mvGne cÉvµ¦eqÕ•G`i ˆfvGU cuvP eQGii RbÅ

wbeÆvwPZ nGqGQb| wZwb ‰KwU Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi

cÉavb, hvi ˆgvU m`mÅ msLÅv 13 Rb| wZwb cieZÆx wbeÆvPb bv

nIqv chƯ¦ DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi `vwqGZ½ ^vKGeb| ‰jvKvi D®²qGb

wZwb wewf®² LvGZ ˆhgb Avq KGib ˆZgwb wewf®² LvGZ eÅqI

KGib| ‰jvKvi D®²qGb wZwb ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGib|

wkLbdj-3 [gaycyi knx` ÕÆwZ DœP gvaÅwgK we`Åvjq, UvãvBj]

K. ˆcŒimfvi wbeÆvwPZ cÉavGbi c`we Kx? 1

L. Õ©vbxq miKvi ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2

M. Rvwn` mvGne ˆKvb Õ©vbxq msÕ©vi cÉavb? eÅvLÅv

KGiv| 3

N. Õ©vbxq D®²qGb Rvwn` mvGnGei f„wgKv gƒjÅvqb

KGiv| 4

mvsweavwbK cwÉ ZÓ¤vb 1

mµ¦g AaÅvq

mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGk²vîi

cÉk² 1 AaÅvcK kvgmyi ingvb ‰KwU wek¼we`ÅvjGqi MwVZ nq| ‰i m`mÅ msLÅv KgcGÞ 6 Rb ‰es mGevÆœP 15
Rb nGq ^vGK| ‰i gGaÅ AGaÆK m`mÅ msLÅv ‰gb nGZ nq
bvgKiv wkÞK| gnvgvbÅ ivÓ¡ÈcwZ ZvGK ‰KwU mvsweavwbK hviv 20 eQi AwaKKvj evsjvG`Gki ivÓ¡Èxq mxgvbvi gGaÅ
miKvGii ˆKvGbv cG` AwawÓ¤Z wQGjb| RvZxq msm` cÉYxZ
msÕ©vi ˆPqvigÅvb wnGmGe wbGqvM ˆ`b| wZwb ˆmLvGb mÁ·ƒYÆ AvBGbi «¼viv KwgkGbi ˆPqvigÅvb I m`mÅMGYi KGgÆi
kZvÆejx ivÓ¡ÈcwZ wbavÆiY KGi ^vGKb|
wbiGÞc, mr I ˆhvMÅ cÉv^Æxi PvKwii eÅeÕ©v KGi ^vGKb|

cÉwZeQi ‰i…c wbGqvGMi gvaÅGg wZwb ˆ`kGK ˆgavex I mr

cÉkvmb Dcnvi w`Gq ^vGKb|  wkLbdj: 1 [h. ˆev. 2016]

K. SAARC ‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1 N DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ mvsweavwbK msÕ©vwU Z^v evsjvG`k
miKvwi KgÆKwgkb ‘ˆ`k I RvwZGK ˆgavex I mr cÉkvmb
L. weGkl Pvwn`vmÁ·®² RbGMvÓ¤xi `y’wU mgmÅv eÅvLÅv Dcnvi w`GZ cvGi’| wbGP ‰ welqwU gƒjÅvqb Kiv nGjv-
evsjvG`k msweavGbi 140 I 141 AbyGœQG` evsjvG`k
KGiv| 2 miKvwi KgÆKwgkGbi KvhvÆewj mÁ·GKÆ ejv nGqGQ| ‰ eYÆbv
gGZ, KgÆ KwgkGbi KvRB nGjv cÉRvZG¯¨i PvKwiGZ DchyÚ
M. DóxcGK evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vGbi eÅwÚG`i wbGqvM Kiv| ‰ jGÞÅ ZvG`i `vwqZ½ I KZÆeÅ
mÁ·GKÆ myÕ·Ó¡fvGe DGÍÏL AvGQ| Kwgkb mr, `Þ I ˆgavex
K^v ejv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eÅwÚG`i wbGqvGMi jGÞÅ ˆhvMÅ eÅwÚG`i wbKU ˆ^GK `iLvÕ¦
Avnevb KGi avGc avGc hvPvB evQvB KGi P„ov¯¦ chvÆGq
N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ mvsweavwbK msÕ©vwU ‘ˆ`k I wbGqvGMi RbÅ miKviGK mycvwik KGi| Avi ˆm mycvwik
Abyhvqx miKvi cÉRvZG¯¨i KGgÆ eÅwÚG`i wbGqvM KGi ^vGK|
RvwZGK ˆgavex I mr cÉkvmb Dcnvi w`GZ cvGi’@ wbGqvM cÉwKÌqvq hw` h^vh^ wewa AbymiY KGi ˆKvGbv cÉKvi
`ybxÆwZi AvkÉq bv wbGq DchyÚ eÅwÚG`i wbGqvM ˆ`Iqv nq ZGe
gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb mnGRB ‘ˆ`k I RvwZGK ˆgavex
I mr cÉkvmb Dcnvi w`GZ cvGi’| ‰ cÉwKÌqvi eÅZÅq NUGj
1bs cÉGk²i Dîi cÉkvmb eÅeÕ©v `yeÆj nGq KÌgv¯¼Gq ˆfGO coGe| dGj RbMY
cÉkvmb ˆ^GK ZvG`i Kvw›ÞZ ˆmev ˆ^GK ewçZ nGe|
K SAARC ‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv- South Asian Association ZvB ˆ`k I RvwZGK ˆgavex I mr cÉkvmb Dcnvi ˆ`Iqvi
Õ¼vG^Æ wbGqvGM ivR‹bwZK I AbÅvbÅ nÕ¦GÞc bv KivB hywÚhyÚ|
for Regional Co-operation.

L cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚivB nGjv ‘weGkl Pvwn`vmÁ·®² RbGMvÓ¤x’|

‰ RbGMvÓ¤xi `ywU mgmÅv wbGP eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv- cÉk²2 miKvGii ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb MZ 30
1. AwURg: AwURg gwÕ¦GÓ•i Õ¼vfvweK weKvGki ‰KwU RwUj
cÉwZe®¬KZv, hv wk÷i RG¯Ãi ‰K ermi Qqgvm nGZ wZb
ermGii gGaÅ cÉKvk cvq|
2. kvixwiK cÉwZe®¬x: hvG`i gGaÅ wbÁ²ewYÆZ jÞYmgƒGni ‰K
ev ‰KvwaK jÞY ˆ`Lv hvGe Zviv ‘kvixwiK cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚ’
eGj weGewPZ nGe|
M DóxcGK evsjvG`Gki AbÅZg ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ mvsweavwbK
cÉwZÓ¤vb evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkGbi K^v ejv nGqGQ|

DóxcGKi eYÆbv gGZ, AaÅvcK kvgmyi ingvb ‰KwU wWGmÁ¼i cÉ^gevGii gGZv `jxq cÉZxGK 234wU ˆcŒimfvi
wek¼we`ÅvjGqi bvgKiv wkÞK| gnvgvbÅ ivÓ¡ÈcwZ ZvGK ‰KwU
mvsweavwbK msÕ©vi ˆPqvigÅvb wnGmGe wbGqvM ˆ`b| wZwb wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vb KGi| RbMY eÅvcK Drmvn Dóxcbvi mGã
ˆmLvGb mÁ·ƒYÆ wbiGÞc, mr I ˆhvMÅ cÉv^Æxi PvKwii eÅeÕ©v
KGi ^vGKb| cÉwZ eQi ‰i…c wbGqvGMi gvaÅGg wZwb ˆ`kGK wbeÆvPGb AskMÉnY KGi| miKvGii cÉwZÓ¤vbwU cÉv^ÆxG`i
ˆgavex I mr cÉkvmb Dcnvi w`Gq ^vGKb| cvVÅeBGqi eYÆbvq
ˆ`Lv hvq, evsjvG`Gki cÉ^g I w«¼Zxq ˆkÉwYi KgÆKZvÆG`i AvPiYwewa cÉYqb, cÉPvi ‰es KvhÆKi KGi|
wbGqvM w`Gq ^vGK evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb| ‰wU
evsjvG`k msweavGbi 137 bs AbyGœQ` AbymvGi MwVZ| ˆh  wkLbdj: 2 [Kz. ˆev. 2016]
KviGY ‰wU ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb| miKvwi KgÆKwgkb
‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb I AvBGbi «¼viv AbÅvbÅ m`mÅG`i wbGq K. `ybÆxwZ `gb KwgkbGK msGÞGc Kx ejv nq? 1

L. evsjvG`Gki cÉavb AvBb KgÆKZÆvi c`we Kx? Zvi

ÞgZv eYÆbv KGiv| 2

M. DóxcGKi KgÆKvGíi mvG^ ivGÓ¡Èi ˆKvb mvsweavwbK

cÉwZÓ¤vb mÁ·†Ú? Zvi MVb eYÆbv KGiv| 3

2 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

N. MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi f„wgKv  wbevÆPGbi P„ov¯¦ djvdj ˆNvlYv, djvdj ‰KòxKiY ‰es
miKvwi ˆMGRU cÉKvk Kiv,
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
 wbevÆPbx AwfGhvM-ˆgvKógv gxgvsmvi RbÅ wbevPÆ bx
2bs cÉGk²i Dîi UÇvBeyÅbvj MVb,

K `ybÆxwZ `gb KwgkbGK msGÞGc `y`K ejv nq|  wbevÆPbx AvPiY wewa ˆNvlYv,

L evsjvG`Gki cÉavb AvBb KgÆKZvÆ i c`we AÅvUwbÆ  ivR‹bwZK `Gji wbe®¬b KvhÆ mÁ·v`b,
ˆRbvGij|
evsjvG`Gki msweavb Abyhvqx AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji ÞgZv cÉk² 3 wg. ivRxe evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vGb
wbÁ²i…c:
1. ivÓ¡ÈcwZ KZƆK cÉ`î `vwqZ½ cvjb; 2. evsjvG`Gki mKj `vwqZ½cvÉ µ¦ KgÆKZÆv| cÉwZÓ¤vbwU myÓ¤z, Aeva I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb
Av`vjGZ eÚeÅ ˆck Kivi ÞgZv; 3. cÉRvZG¯¨i cGÞ
AvBGbi RwUj cÉGk² gZvgZ cÉKvk; 4. miKvGii AvBb cwiPvjbvi RbÅ wewf®²fvGe KvR KGi ^vGK| wg. ivRxe gGb
DcG`Ó¡v wnmvGe `vwqZ½ cvjb; 5. msweavGbi 106 AbyGœQ`
Abyhvqx ivÓ¡ÈcwZ KZƆK ˆcÉwiZ welqmgGƒ n gZvgZ cÉ`vGbi KGib MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq Zvi cÉwZÓ¤vGbi f„wgKv
RbÅ mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi cGÞ ÞgZvcÉvµ¦ eÅwÚ nGjb AÅvUwbÆ
ˆRbvGij ‰es ‰GÞGò wZwb Zvi gZvgZ cÉKvk KiGZ cvGib| Acwimxg|  wkLbdj: 2 [w`. ˆev. 2016]

K. BPSC ‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1

L. DcGRjv cwil` KxfvGe MwVZ nq? 2

M. wg.ivRxe ˆh cÉwZÓ¤vGb KgÆiZ Zvi MVb eÅvLÅv

M DóxcGKi KgÆKvGíi mvG^ ivGÓ¡Èi AbÅZg ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ KGiv| 3
mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb wbevÆPb Kwgkb mÁ·†Ú|
msweavGbi 118 (1) AbyGœQ` Abyhvqx cÉavb wbevPÆ b Kwgkbvi N. DóxcGKi cÉwZÓ¤vb mÁ·GKÆ wg. ivRxGei g¯¦eÅwUi
‰es AbwaK 4 Rb wbevPÆ b KwgkbviGK wbGq evsjvG`k
wbevÆPb Kwgkb ^vKGe ‰es DÚ welGq cÉYxZ ˆKvGbv AvBGbi mcGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4
weavbvewj mvGcGÞ ivÓ¡ÈcwZ cÉavb wbevÆPb Kwgkbvi I AbÅvbÅ
KwgkbviGK wbGqvM`vb KiGeb| 118(2) AbyGœQ` gGZ, 3bs cÉGk²i Dîi
‰KvwaK wbevPÆ b Kwgkbvi wbGq wbevÆPb Kwgkb MwVZ nGj
cÉavb wbevPÆ b Kwgkbvi Zvi mfvcwZi…Gc KvhÆ KiGeb| K BPSC ‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv Bangladesh Public Service
118(3) AbyGœQ` gGZ, ‰B msweavGbi weavbvewj mvGcGÞ Commission|
ˆKvGbv wbevPÆ b KwgkbvGii cG`i ˆgqv` Zvi KvhÆfvi MÉnGYi
ZvwiL nGZ 5 ermiKvj nGe| 118(4) AbyGœQ` gGZ, wbevÆPb L DcGRjv cwilG`i MVb wbÁ²i…ct
Kwgkb `vwqZ½ cvjGbi ˆÞGò Õ¼vaxb ^vKGe ‰es ˆKej ‰B
msweavb I AvBGbi Aaxb ^vKGe| 118(2) AbyGœQ` gGZ, 1. RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb|
msm` KZ†ÆK cÉYxZ ˆhGKvGbv AvBGbi weavbvewj mvGcGÞ 2. RbMGYi cÉZÅÞ ˆfvGU wbeÆvwPZ `yBRb fvBm ˆPqvigÅvb
wbevÆPb KwgkbviG`i KGgÆi kZvÆewj ivÓ¡ÈcwZ AvG`Gki «¼viv
ˆhi…c wbavÆiY KiGeb, ˆmi…c nGe | ZGe kZÆ ^vGK ˆh, mycÉxg (‰KRb cyi‚l I ‰KRb gwnjv)|
ˆKvGUÆi wePviK ˆhi…c c«¬wZ I KviGY AcmvwiZ nGZ cvGib, 3. DcGRjvi AvIZvaxb BDwbqb cwil`mgƒGni
ˆmi…c c«¬wZ I KviY Qvov ˆKvGbv wbevPÆ b Kwgkbvi
AcmvwiZ nGeb bv| ˆPqvigÅvbe†±`, ˆcŒimfvi (hw` ^vGK) ˆgqi, ‰es wZbRb
gwnjv m`GmÅi mg¯¼Gq DcGRjv cwil` MwVZ nq|
N MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq wbevPÆ b KwgkGbi f„wgKv wbGP
AvGjvPbv Kiv nGjv- M DóxcGKi wg. ivwRe wbeÆvPb Kwgkb bvgK cÉwZÓ¤vGb
MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vi AbÅZg kZÆ nGjv myÓ¤z wbevÆPb| Avi
‰ myÓ¤z wbevÆPb AbyÓ¤vGbi AbÅZg `vwqZ½ AwcÆZ wbevPÆ b KgÆiZ| wbGÁ² Zvi MVb eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv@
KwgkGbi Dci| myÓ¤z wbevÆPb AbyÓ¤vGbi Õ¼vG^Æ wbevÆPb Kwgkb cÉavb wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvi ‰es AbwaK PviRb wbeÆvPb
ˆek wKQy welGq ài‚Z½ f„wgKv cvjb KGi| ˆhgb- KwgkbviGK wbGq evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb Kwgkb MwVZ | wbeÆvPb
KwgkbvGii msLÅv ivÓ¡ÈcwZ wbaÆviY KiGeb| ivÓ¡ÈcwZ cÉavb
 ˆfvUvi ZvwjKv cÉÕ§ZKiGYi Zî½veavb, wbG`Æk I wbq¯¨Y, wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvimn AbÅvbÅ KwgkbviG`i wbGqvM `vb KGib|
‰Qvov ivÓ¡ÈcwZ KZ‡ÆK ZvG`i KGgÆi kZÆvewj wbaÆvwiZ nGe|
 wbevÆPbx ‰jvKvi mxgvbv wbavÆiY , ‰KvwaK wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvi wbGq wbeÆvPb Kwgkb MwVZ nGj
cÉavb wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvi ‰i mfvcwZ i…Gc KvhwÆ beÆvn KiGeb|
 wiUvwbÆs Awdmvi I mnKvix wiUvwbÆs Awdmvi wbGqvM, msweavb ˆgvZvGeK wbeÆvPb KwgkbviG`i cG`i ˆgqv` KvhfÆ vi
MÉnGYi ZvwiL nGZ 5 eQi |
 gGbvbqb cò MÉnY I evQvB ‰es ‰ msKÌv¯¦ AwfGhvGMi
gxgvsmv KiZ P„ov¯¦ cÉv^xÆ ZvwjKv ˆNvlYv, N DóxcGKi wbeÆvPb Kwgkb bvgK cÉwZÓ¤vb mÁ·GKÆ wg.
ivRxGei g¯¦eÅwUi mcGÞ wbGÁ² hywÚ ˆ`LvGbv nGjv@
AvaywbK KjÅvYgƒjK ivGÓ¡È ‰KwU myÓ¤z, Aeva I wbiGcÞ
wbeÆvPb Kwgkb MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ f„wgKv
cvjb KGi| wbeÆvPb nGjv MYZG¯¨i cÉvY| ZvB wbeÆvPb
KwgkGbi `vwqZ½ nGœQ wbeÆvPb myÓ¤zfvGe cwiPvjbv KGi

mvsweavwbK cwÉ ZÓ¤vb 3

MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq f„wgKv ivLv| ‰Qvov wbeÆvPb wZwb AbÅ `yB KwgkbvGii `vwqZ½ e¥Ÿb KiGeb ‰es ˆhme

Kwgkb MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq AvGiv ˆhmKj KvRàGjv KvGRi RbÅ Zviv ˆPqvigÅvGbi wbKU Revew`wn nGeb| Zviv

KGi Zv nGjv cÉvµ¦eqÕ• mKj bvMwiKGK ˆfvUvi ZvwjKvq `y`K AvBGb 2004 ‰i 7 aviv Abyhvqx MwVZ evQvB KwgwUi

A¯¦fzÆÚ Kiv hvGZ ‰K eÅvwÚ ‰KvwaK ˆfvGUi AwaKvix bv mycvwikKÌGg ivÓ¡ÇcwZ KZ‡ÆK 5 (cuvP) eQi ˆgqvG`i RbÅ

nq| ‰ KvGRi Zî½vavb KGi ^vGKb wbeÆvPb Kwgkb| RvZxq wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ nGeb| Kwgkb AvBGb KwgkbivG`i ˆgqv`KvGji

msm`mn AbÅvbÅ wbeÆvPGbi mxgvbv wbaÆviGY ‰ Kwgkb KvR wbøqZv weavb KGi ejv nGqGQ, ‘mycÉxg ˆKvGUÆi ‰KRb

KGi| ZvQvov myÓ¤zfvGe wbeÆvPb cwiPvjbvi RbÅ wbeÆvPb Kwgkb wePviK ˆhi…c KviY I c«¬wZGZ AcmvwiZ nGZ cvGib,

cÉvw^ÆG`i wbeÆvPwb AvPiGYi Lmov ŠZwi KGi| mwVK djvdj ˆmi…c KviY I c«¬wZ eÅZxZ ˆKvGbv KwgkbviGK AcmviY

cÉKvGkI KwgkGbi weGkl `†wÓ¡ ^vGK| ZvB AvaywbK Kiv hvGe bv|’ ‰Qvov ˆgqv` ˆkGl Zv cybwbÆhyÚ nIqvi ˆhvMÅ

cÉwZwbwaZg½ ƒjK MYZ¯¨ mdjZvi cƒeÆkZÆ nGjv wbeÆvPb| myZivs nGeb bv|

ejv hvq ˆh, MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vq wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi N DóxcGK Rbve wgjUGbi gGZv mvgvwRK AeÞq ˆ^GK
ài‚Z½ my`ƒicÉmvix|
DîiGbi RbÅ ˆ`Gk ‰KwU Õ©vqx I KvhÆKi `ybxÆwZ cÉwZGivaK

cÉk² 4 Rbve wgjUb evsjvG`k miKvGii ‰KRb DœPc`Õ© cwiGek m†wÓ¡ Kivi `vwqZ½ mevi| weGkl KGi ivR‹bwZK
KgÆKZÆv| wZwb Zvi ˆckvMZ RxeGb me mgq Õ¼RbcÉxwZ, ˆbZZ‡ ½ I ivR‹bwZK `j, miKvi MYZG¯¨i ˆgŒwjK
DrGKvP MÉnYmn bvbvwea AcKGgÆi mvG^ RwoZ| A‹eafvGe cÉwZÓ¤vbmgƒn, eÅemvq cÉwZÓ¤vb, ˆemiKvwi msÕ©v, MYgvaÅg,
A^Æ DcvRÆGbi dGj wZwb AvR weîkvjxG`i cÉ^g Õ¦Gi| mÁ·ÉwZ mykxj mgvR Z^v ˆ`Gki meÆÕ¦Gii RbMGbi ˆhŒ^ I mgw®¼Z
evsjvG`k miKvGii ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb Zvi wei‚G«¬ cÉqvm PvjvGZ nGe| eZÆgvb cwiwÕ©wZGZ fwelÅGZi `ybxÆwZgyÚ
Abym®¬vb I Z`G¯¦i wfwîGZ gvgjv `vGqi I cwiPvjbv KiGQ| wkeLvbsdjjvG:`5k[wmM.oˆeGvZ. 20`1yb6x]ÆwZi gvòv hZUv mÁ¿e KwgGq AvbGZ
K. AvBGbi RwUj cÉGk² ˆK cÉRvZG¯¨i cGÞ gZ cÉKvk cuvPwU ˆÞGò cwieZÆb, cwiGkvab AZů¦ Ri‚wi| ‰àGjv nGjv
1 1. ivRbxwZGZ àbMZ cwieZÆb|
KGib?

L. gnv-wnmve wbixÞK I wbq¯¨GKi `ywU ÞgZv DGÍÏL 2. AvBGbi kvmb|

KGiv| 2 3. cÉkvmwbK msÕ•vi I Revew`wnZv|

M. Rbve wgjUGbi wei‚G«¬ ˆKvb mvsweavwbK msÕ©v 4. wePvi wefvGMi Õ¼vaxbZv|
gvgjv KGi? Zvi MVb KvVvGgv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 5. eügyLx Õ©vqx DG`ÅvM|
N. Rbve wgjUGbi gGZv mvgvwRK AeÞq ˆ^GK DîiGYi cwiGkGl ejv hvq, ‰me DG`ÅvM MÉnY I evÕ¦evqb KiGj

RbÅ Kx Kx c`GÞc ˆbqv hvq eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? 4 evsjvG`Gki `ybxÆwZ KwgGq Avbv mÁ¿e ‰es ‰i dGj mvaviY

4bs cÉGk²i Dîi gvbyGli nqivwb KgGe I Rxeb hvòvi gvb D®²Z nGe|

K AvBGbi RwUj cÉGk² AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij cÉRvZG¯¨i cGÞ gZ cÉk² 5 Rbve ˆPŒayix cÉw^Zhkv AvBbRxex| msweavb QvovI
cÉKvk KGib|
ˆ`Iqvbx, ˆdŒR`vwi AvBb mÁ·GKÆ Zvi aviYv LyeB Õ·Ó¡|
L gnv wnmve wbixÞK I wbq¯¨K RvZxq AG^Æi AwffveK
AvBbRxex wnGmGe Zvi myLÅvwZi K^v weGePbvq ‰Gb miKvi
wnGmGe ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib|
Zvi `ywU ÞgZv wbÁ²i…ct- ZvGK ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cG` wbGqvM cÉ`vb KGi| wZwb AvBwb
1. gnv wnmve wbixÞK I wbq¯¨K cÉRvZG¯¨i miKvwi wnmve
civgkÆ I miKvGii cGÞ gvgjvq gZvgZ w`Gq ^vGKb|
‰es mKj Av`vjZ, miKvwi KZc‡Æ Þ I KgÆPvixi miKvwi
wnmve wbixÞv KiGeb ‰es Abyi…c wnmve mÁ·GKÆ wiGcvUÆ  wkLbdj: 3 [e. ˆev. 2016]
w`Geb|
2. ‰ DGóGkÅ wZwb cÉRvZG¯¨i KvGhÆ wbhyÚ ˆh ˆKvGbv eÅwÚi K. miKvwi KgÆ Kwgkb Kx? 1
bw^, eB, iwk`, `wjj, bM` A^Æ, Õ¡ÅvÁ·, Rwgb ev
miKvwi mÁ·wî cixÞv KiGeb ‰es ‰i…c wnmve mÁ·GKÆ L. `ybÆxwZ `gb KwgkGbi MVb mÁ·GKÆ wjL| 2
`vb KiGeb|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ@ AvBbRxexi DÚ mvsweavwbK cG`
M DóxcGK Rbve wgjUGbi wei‚G«¬ ˆh mvsweavwbK msÕ©v
wbGqvGMi ˆhŒwÚKZv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
gvgjv KGiGQ Zvi mvG^ `ybxÆwZ `gb KwgkGbi wgj iGqGQ|
2004 mvGji Õ¼vaxb `ybxÆwZ `gb Kwgkb MwVZ nq| N. AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ eÅwÚi
`y`yK ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb I `y’Rb KwgkbvGii mg®¼Gq MwVZ|
ˆPqvigÅvb KwgkbvGii cÉavb wbeÆvnxi `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib| f„wgKv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4

5bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K miKvwi KgÆKwgkb ‰gb ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb hv

cÉRvZG¯¨i KGgÆ wbGqvM`vGbi RbÅ DchyÚ eÅwÚG`i gGbvbqGbi
DGóGkÅ hvPvB I cixÞv cwiPvjbv KGi ^vGKb|

L `ybÆxwZ `gb Kwgkb AvBb Abyhvqx wZbRb KwgkbvGii

mg¯¼Gq Õ¼vaxb `ybÆxwZ `gb Kwgkb MwVZ| wZbRb KwgkbvGii
gGaÅ ˆ^GK ‰KRbGK cÉavb wbeÆvnx wnGmGe ivÓ¡ÈcwZ ˆPqvigÅvb

4 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cG` wbGqvM ˆ`b| KwgkbviMGYi KvhKÆ vj Pvi eQi| ‰Qvov N AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ eÅvwÚi f„wgKv
mvwPweK `vwqZ½ cvjGbi RbÅ Kwgkb ‰KRb mwPe wbhyÚ
KiGe| wbGP gƒjÅvqb Kiv nGjv
‰KRb cÉw^Zhkv AvBbRxex wnGmGe Rbve ˆPŒayix ivÓ¡ÈcwZ
M DóxcGK ewYÆZ AvBbRxexi DÚ mvsweavwbK cG` wbGqvGMi KZ‡ÆK AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji gGZv ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cG`
wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ nb| ˆhGnZz wZwb miKvGii ‰KRb AvBb DcG`Ó¡v
ˆhŒwÚKZv wbGP eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv@ wnGmGe `vwqZ½ cvjb KGi ^vGKb ˆmGnZz wZwb miKviGK
evsjvG`k msweavGbi 64 (1) AbyGœQ` Abyhvqx ivÓ¡ÈcwZ mywcÉg AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq civgkÆ cÉ`vb KiGZ cvGib| Av`vjGZ
ˆKvGUÆi wePvicwZ nIqvi ˆhvMÅZv mÁ·ƒYÆ ˆKvGbv eÅwÚGK mKj eÅvwÚi AvBGbi mgvb AvkÉq jvGfi AwaKvi wbwøZ
AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij bvgK mvsweavwbK cG` wbGqvM `vb KGi KiGZ DÚ AvBbRxexi f„wgKv AGbK| ‰Qvov miKvGii cGÞ
^vGKb| DÚ mvsweavwbK cG` wbGqvM`vGbi KviGY wZwb gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kivi ˆÞGò wZwb ˆ`Gki wewf®² Av`vjGZ
miKvGii ˆKŒmyjx wnGmGe `vwqZ½ cvjb KGi ^vGKb| ZvQvov Zvi eÚeÅ ˆck KGib| ‰GÞGò wZwb wePviKvGhÆ Õ¼œQZv
AvBb weGklæ ev `Þ AvBb DcG`Ó¡v wnGmGe miKvGii cGÞ AvbqGb f„wgKv cvjb KGi ^vGKb| cÉRvZG¯¨i cGÞ AvBGbi
mKj Av`vjGZ wewf®² aiGbi gvgjv cwiPvjbv KGib| gƒjZ RwUj cÉGk² wZwb gZvgZ cÉ`vb KGi D«¿„Z cwiwÕ©wZi mgvavb
miKvGii gvb ghvÆ `v AGbKvsGk AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji `ÞZv, KGi ^vGKb| ‰Qvov wZwb ivÓ¡ÈcwZ KZ‡ÆK cÉ`î mKj `vwqZ½
ˆhvMÅZv I KgÆKzkjZvi Ici wbfÆi KGi| wZwb cÉRvZG¯¨i cvjb KGi ^vGKb| cwiGkGl Avgiv ejGZ cvwi ˆh, DÚ
cGÞ AvBGbi RwUj cGÉ k² gZvgZ cÉ`vb KGi ^vGKb| eÅwÚi AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq hG^Ó¡ ài‚Z½ iGqGQ|
myZivs DóxcGK ewYÆZ AvBbRxexGK DÚ mvsweavwbK cG`
wbGqvM`vGbi hG^Ó¡ àiZ‚ ½ iGqGQ|

cixÞvq Kgb ˆcGZ AbbÅ cÉGkv² îi

cÉk² 6 mvsweavwbK cwÉ ZÓ¤vb M DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vbwUi mvG^ Avgvi
cwVZ evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkGbi mv`†kÅ AvGQ|
cÉRvZG¯¨i KGgÆ wbGqvM cixÞv cwiPvjbv evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb ‰KwU mvsweavwbK msÕ©v| ‰
cÉwZÓ¤vbwU cÉRvZG¯¨i ˆemvgwiK KvGRi RbÅ ˆgavex I ˆhvMÅ
ivÓ¡ÇcwZGK civgkÆ c`É vb bvMwiKG`i evQvBGqi KvR KGi| ‰RbÅ msÕ©vwU
cÉwZGhvwMZvgƒjK cixÞv ˆbIqvi eÅeÕ©v MÉnY KGi|
cG`v®²wZ, e`jx I ˆcÉlGY wbGqvGM mycvwik KgÆKwgkb evsjvG`k miKvGii wewf®² g¯¨Yvjq ev wefvMGK
ZvG`i wbq¯¨Yvaxb wewf®² mvwfÆm ev cG` wbGqvMK‡ZG`i
evwlÆK wiGcvUÆ cÉ`vb cG`v®²wZ ‰es e`wj msKÌv¯¦ welGqI bxwZgvjv cÉYqGbi
civgkÆ cÉ`vb KGi|
wkLbdj-1 DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, weavb miKvi ‰KwU ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ mvsweavwbK
cG` AwawÓ¤Z AvGQb| DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vb cRÉ vZG¯¨i KGgÆ
K. miKvGii cÉavb AvBb KgÆKZÆvi c`ex Kx? 1 wbGqvM`vGbi RbÅ ˆhvMÅZvmÁ·®², ˆgavex I `Þ ˆjvK
evQvBGqi KvR KGi| evsjvG`Gk ‰i…c KvR KGi ‰gb ‰KwU
L. wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi ‰KwU KvR eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 cÉwZÓ¤vb nGjv evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb|

M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ QGK ˆKvb mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vGbi N DóxcGK ewYÆZ cÉwZÓ¤vb A^Ævr evsjvG`k miKvwi
KgÆKwgkGbi f„wgKvi Dci ivGÓ¡Çi D®²qb AGbKvsGk wbfÆikxj|
cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 AvaywbK ivÓ¡Ç cwiPvjbvq miKvi KvVvGgvq ˆgavex I `Þ
KgÆKZv-KgÆPvixi ài‚Z½ Acwimxg| ‰RbÅ weGk¼i cÉvq mKj
N. ˆ`Gk mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi f„wgKvGK Zzwg ivGÓ¡Ç ˆgavi wfwîGZ KgÆKZvÆ evQvBGqi cÉwKÌqv jÞ Kiv hvq|
ˆgav hvPvBGqi wfwîGZ ˆhvMÅZvmÁ·®² ˆjvK evQvBGqi RbÅ
KxfvGe gƒjÅvqY KiGe? 4 ‰KwU wbiGcÞ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi cÉGqvRb iGqGQ| evsjvG`Gki ‰gb
‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vb nGjv evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb|
6bs cÉGk²i Dîi evsjvG`k msweavGbi 137 bs AbyGœQG` miKvwi KgÆKgwkb
MVGbi K^v ejv nGqGQ| ‰QvovI msweavGb KgÆKwgkGbi
K miKvGii cÉavb AvBb KgÆKZÆvi c`ex AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij|

L wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi ‰KwU KvR nGjv ivÓ¡ÇcwZ cG`i wbeÆvPb
AbywÓ¤Z Kiv|
ivÓ¡ÇcwZ cG`i ˆgqv` AemvGbi KviGY DÚ c` kƒbÅ nGj
ˆgqv` mgvwµ¦i cƒeÆeZÆx lvU ˆ^GK be»B w`Gbi gGaÅ wbeÆvPb
AbywÓ¤Z nGe| ‰B wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nGe RvZxq msmG`| Avevi,
g†ZzÅ, c`ZÅvM ev AcmviGYi dGj ivÓ¡ÇcwZi c` kƒYÅ nGj
be»B w`Gbi gGaÅ wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z KiGZ nGe|

mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb 5

KvhvÆ ewj mÁ·GKÆ weavbvewj mw®²GewkZ AvGQ| ‰ weavbvewj cÉ`vGbi AwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i RbÅ evsjvG`Gki bvMwiK nIqvi
AbymvGi Kwgkb cÉRvZG¯¨i KvGR `Þ I DchyÚ KgÆPvix mvG^ mvG^ cvÉ µ¦eqÕ•I nGZ nGe|
wbGqvGMi DGóGkÅ cÉv^wgK evQvB cixÞv, wjwLZ I ˆgŒwLK ‰QvovI ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i RbÅ DóxcGKi bvMwiKGK H
cixÞv, WvÚvwi cixÞv, cywjwk Z`¯¦ cÉf‡wZ KvhÆKÌg cwiPvjbv wbeÆvPwb ‰jvKvi Awaevmx nGZ nGe| wbeÆvPwb ‰jvKv ewnfÆZ„
KGi| mZZv I wbiGcÞZvi mvG^ Zviv cÉRvZG¯¨i cÉkvmwbK ˆKvGbv eÅwÚ H ‰jvKvq ˆfvUvi nGZ cviGe bv| ‰ ˆ^GK
KgÆKZvÆ I KgÆPvixG`i evQvB KGi wbGqvGMi RbÅ mycvwik ˆevSv hvq, DóxcGKi bÅvq ˆKvGbv bvMwiKGK ˆfvUvi nGZ
KGib| KgÆKwgkb ˆhGnZz wbGqvGMi ˆÞGò cÉv^Æxi ˆhvMÅZvGK nGj ZvGK mvsweavwbK wbqg-bxwZi AvIZvfzÚ nGZ nGe|
cÉvavbÅ ˆ`q, ZvB cÉK‡Z ˆgavexivB wbGqvM ˆcGq ^vGKb| Avi ‰GÞGò ˆKD hw` Av`vjZ KZ‡ÆK AcÉK‡wZÕ© eGj ˆNvwlZ nq,
mr, ˆhvMÅ I ˆgavexG`i wbGq MGo IVv cÉkvmb myÓ¤z ivÓ¡Ç ZGe ˆm ˆfvUvi nIqvi ˆhvMÅZv nvivGe| ˆmB mvG^ w«-¼
cwiPvjbvq ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi| ‰i dGj miKvGii bvMwiKZ½ I Av`vjZ KZ‡ÆK ˆ`Dwjqv bv nIqvB nGjv
M†nxZ wm«¬v¯¦àGjv `Ë‚Z evÕ¦evqb Kiv mÁ¿e nq| DóxcGKi ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvµ¦ bvMwiKG`i ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i
gƒj kZ|Æ
DcGii AvGjvPbvi ˆcÉwÞGZ ejv hvq, myÓ¤zfvGe ivÓ¡Ç cwiPvjbv
‰es ‰i mvweÆK D®²qGb DóxcGK ewYÆZ mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb N DóxcGKi ewYÆZ Kwgkb Z^v wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi mvG^
A^Ævr evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkGbi f„wgKv AGbK| ˆ`Gki ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi mÁ·KÆ fvGjv I Õ¼œQ nIqv DwPZ
eGj Avwg gGb Kwi|
cÉk² 7 cÉavb wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvi mvsevw`KG`i ˆ`Iqv ‰K wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi KvRB nGjv ˆ`Gki MYZvw¯¨K cÉwZÓ¤vq myÓ¤z
I MÉnYGhvMÅ wbeÆvPGbi eÅeÕ©v Kiv| ‰GÞGò wbeÆvPb Kwgkb
mvÞvrKvi AbyÓ¤vGb eGjb ˆh, wbeÆvPb nGjv MYZG¯¨i hw` Õ¼RbcxÉ wZcivqY wKsev `ybÆxwZMÉÕ¦ nq, ˆmGÞGò wbeÆvPb
KwgkGbi ivR‹bwZK gZv`GkÆi EGa»Æ AeÕ©vb Kiv mÁ¿e nGe
cÉvYÕ¼i…c| wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvµ¦ bvMwiKMY bv| ZLb ‰K`Gji ivR‹bwZK KZ‡ÆZ½ cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ wMGq
wbeÆvPb Kwgkb AbÅ ivR‹bwZK `Gji cÉwZ AmvsweavwbK
ˆhvMÅ, `Þ I Awfæ cÉwZwbwa evQvBGqi myGhvM cvq| ‰KRb AvPiY KiGe| djÕ¼i…c wbeÆvPb Kwgkb Zvi `vwqZ½ I
KZÆGeÅi weavb jswNZ KGi ˆbwZevPK AvGjvPbvi ˆK±`Êwe±`yGZ
bvMwiK ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ eqm ‰es AviI AvBwb wKQy kZÆ cƒiGYi cwiYZ nGe| ZLb mKj ivR‹bwZK `Gji mvG^ mymÁ·KÆ
Õ©vcb Kiv wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi cGÞ KwVb nGq `uvovGe|
ci ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvµ¦ nq| ˆ`Gki mKj ivR‹bwZK `Gji wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi AvPiY msKÌv¯¦ w`K weGePbvq DóxcGKi
wbeÆvPb KwgkbGK wbeÆvPwb wbqg-bxwZ mgvbfvGe cÉGqvM KiGZ
AskMÉnGYi gvaÅGg AbywÓ¤Z wbeÆvPbB ˆKej `Þ, D®Z² I nGe| mKj cÉKvi Pvc I cÉfvGei EGa»Æ ˆ^GK DóxcGKi
wbeÆvPb KwgkbGK mvnwmKZvi mvG^ myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb
DrK‡Ó¡gvGbi kvmbeÅeÕ©v MGo ZzjGZ cvGi| wkLbdj-2 AbyÓ¤vGbi AvGqvRb KiGZ nGe| ZGeB ˆ`Gk RbgGZi mwVK
cÉwZdjb NUvi gvaÅGg MYZvw¯¨K kvmbeÅeÕ©vi cwicƒYÆ cÉKvk
K. wbeÆvPb KwgkbvGii ˆgqv` KZ? 1 NUGe|
DcwiDÚ AvGjvPbvi ˆcÉwÞGZ ejv hvq, Õ¼œQZv welqK D®w² Z
L. meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2 weavGbi jGÞÅ DóxcGK ewYÆZ wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi mvG^
ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi mymÁ·KÆ ^vKv Ri‚ix|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ˆfvUvwaKvicÉvµ¦ bvMwiKG`i

ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i kZÆmgƒn eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ KwgkGbi mvG^ ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi

mÁ·KÆ ˆKgb nIqv DwPZ eGj Zzwg gGb Ki?

gZvgZ `vI| 4

7bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K wbeÆvPb KwgkbvGii ˆgqv` 5 eQi| cÉk² 8 29 wWGmÁ¼i, 2008| ‰w`b beg RvZxq msm`

L bvix-cyi‚l, agÆ-eYÆ, abx-Mixe ‰es ˆkÉwY-ˆckv wbweÆGkGl wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq| ‰ wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg ‰ ˆ`Gki RbMY
cÉvµ¦ eqÕ• mKj bvMwiGKi ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦GKB meÆRbxb
ˆfvUvwaKvi eGj| `xNÆ `y eQi ci Avevi MYZvw¯¨K kvmb eÅeÕ©vq wdGi hvevi

meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi AvaywbK MYZG¯¨i Av`kÆ| evsjvG`Gk myGhvM jvf KGi| ‰ wbeÆvPGbi mgq cÉPvi KvGR wbGqvwRZ
ˆfvUvwaKvGii ˆÞGò meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvGii bxwZ ˆgGb Pjv
nq| evsjvG`k msweavGbi 122 bs AbyGœQG` cÉvµ¦ eqGÕ•i gvBGKi nYÆ gvbylGK KÓ¡ ˆ`qwb ev Qvò-QvòxG`i covGkvbvq
ˆfvUvwaKvGii K^v ejv nGqGQ|
weN³ NUvqwb| cÉv^ÆxG`i wbeÆvPbx cÉPvi wgwQj, Mvwo eni I
M DóxcGKi ewYÆZ ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvµ¦ bvMwiKG`i ˆfvUvwaKvi
cÉvwµ¦i meÆcÉ^g kZÆ nGjv evsjvG`Gki bvMwiK nIqv| ˆgvUi mvBGKj ˆkvfvhvòv wbGq ˆkvWvDb ‰evGi wQj bv|
ˆKvGbv eÅwÚGK ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i RbÅ evsjvG`Gki bvMwiK
nGZ nGe| bvMwiGKi ˆfvGUi AwaKvi cÉvwµ¦i RbÅ 18 eQi wkLbdj-2
eqm nGZ nGe| 18 eQGii Kg ˆKvGbv eÅwÚ hZB myVvg
ˆ`Gni AwaKvixB ˆnvK bv ˆKb evsjvG`Gki AvBb eGj ˆm K. mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb KvGK eGj? 1
ˆfvUvwaKvi jvf KiGe bv| A^Ævr DóxcGKi bvMwiKG`i ˆfvU
L. ˆKvivg Kx? 2

6 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ wbeÆvPbwUGK myÓ¤z, Aeva I wbiGcÞ KwgkbGK KZàGjv `vwqZ½ cvjb KiGZ nq| mKj cÉKvi Pvc

Kivi RbÅ wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi f„wgKv AvGjvPbv Ki|3 I cÉfvGei EGa»Æ ˆ^GK mvnwmKZvi mvG^ wbeÆvPwb `vwqZ½ cvjb

N. ‘evsjvG`Gk myÓ¤z, Aeva I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGbi Kiv| wbeÆvPb Kwgkb RvZxq wbeÆvPGbi mgq miKvGii wbKU

RbÅ cÉGqvRb wbiGcÞ I kwÚkvwj wbeÆvPb Kwgkb’- chÆvµ¦ wbeÆvnx I RywWwkqvj gÅvwRGÕ¡ÈU I iÅvemn AbÅvbÅ

DwÚwU weGkÏlY Ki| 4 evwnbxi mnGhvwMZv PvBGZ cvGi ‰es KgÆKZÆvG`i KGVvi

8bs cÉGk²i Dîi ^vKGZ wbG`Æk ˆ`q|

K mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb ejGZ ivÓ¡Ç cwiPvjbvi RbÅ msweavb N evsjvG`Gk myÓ¤z, Aeva I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGbi RbÅ
KZ‡ÆK m†Ó¡ cÉwZÓ¤vbGK ˆevSvq| cÉGqvRb ‰KwU wbiGcÞ I kwÚkvjx wbeÆvPb Kwgkb’ DwÚwU
h^v^Æ|

L ˆh cwigvY m`GmÅi DcwÕ©wZGZ RvZxq msmG`i KvR MYZvw¯¨K cÉwZÓ¤vb wbgÆvGYi cƒeÆkZÆ nGœQ KvhÆKi wbeÆvPb

cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq ZvGK ˆKvivg ejv nq| eÅeÕ©v| eÕ§Z myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©v nGœQ MYZG¯¨i

ˆKvivg kGõi A^Æ bƒÅbZg DcwÕ©wZ msLÅv| evsjvG`k iÞvKeP| Avi ‰ myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGbi `vwqZ½

msweavb AbymvGi KgcGÞ 60 Rb m`GmÅi DcwÕ©wZGZ wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi| ˆmB mvG^ ivR‹bwZK wÕ©wZkxjZv ARÆb

RvZxq msmG`i KvR cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| msmG`i AwaGekb ‰es AevwèZ ivR‹bwZK `Gji Aemvb NUvGZ wbeÆvPGbi ài‚Z½

PjvKvGj DcwÕ©Z m`mÅ msLÅv hw` 60 RGbi ˆPGq Kg nq Acwimxg| Avi ‰B wbeÆvPb cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ½ wbeÆvPb

‰es ˆm gGgÆ hw` wÕ·KvGii `†wÓ¡ AvKlÆY Kiv nq ZvnGj 60 KwgkGbi Ici bÅÕ¦| Aeva, myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGbi

Rb m`mÅ DcwÕ©Z bv nIqv chƯ¦ wÕ·Kvi AwaGekb Õ©wMZ jGÞÅ wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj evsjvG`k

ivLGeb ev msm` gyjZwz e ˆNvlYv KiGeb| msweavGbi 119 bs AbyGœQG` DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ|

M DóxcGK ewYÆZ wbeÆvPbwUGK Aeva, myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ Kivi wbeÆvPwb wbqgbxwZ cÉGqvM Kiv ‰es wbeÆvPwb myGhvM-myweav
RbÅ wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi f„wgKv AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| cÉ`vGbi ˆÞGò ˆKvGbv eÅwÚ ev ivR‹bwZK `jGK AMÉvwaKvi
wbeÆvPb Kwgkb ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb| Aeva, myÓ¤z I ˆ`Iqv hvGe bv| Zv nGj Aeva, wbiGcÞ, myÓ¤z ‰es mKGji
wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGb wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi f„wgKv LyeB KvGQ MÉnYGhvMÅ wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vb Kiv mÁ¿e nGe bv| ‰ ˆÞGò
Acwinvh|Æ ˆKbbv wbeÆvPbKvjxb mgGq wbeÆvPb Kwgkb eÅvcK evsjvG`k wbeÆvPb Kwgkb hG^Ó¡ kwÚkvjx ‰es wbiGcÞ f„wgKv
ÞgZvi AwaKvix nq| Avi myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb Qvov MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cvjb KGi ^vGK| ZGe wKQy wKQy ˆÞGò Kwgkb ÞgZvmxbG`i
cÉwZÓ¤vi ˆKvGbv weK͸ ˆbB| ZvB wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPGbi eÅeÕ©v «¼viv cÉfvweZ nGq ^vGK| ‰ RbÅ KwgkbGK KGVvi nIqvi RbÅ
Kiv wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi mvsweavwbK `vwqZ½| ˆZgwbfvGe Awbqg AvGiv ˆewk wbeÆvnx ÞgZv cÉ`vb KiGZ nGe|
ˆivGa AvBbk†›Ljv wbq¯¨GYi ˆÞGòI wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi weGkl
f„wgKv iGqGQ| AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, Aeva, wbiGcÞ ‰es myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb
wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi Av¯¦wiKZv I M†nxZ KvheÆ ÅeÕ©vi Ici AbyÓ¤vGb evsjvG`k wbeÆvPb KwgkbGK AvGiv ˆewk kwÚkvjx
KiGZ nGe|

wbiGcÞ I myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb eüjvsGk wbfÆikxj| ‰ jGÞÅ wbeÆvPb

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk²

cÉk² 9 ZvGni ‰i PvPv ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vGbi cÉavb|

H cÉwZÓ¤vGbi KvR nj ˆ`Gki wewf®² wbeÆvPb cwiPvjbv Kivmn

ˆfvUvi ZvwjKv Kiv ‰QvovI DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vb myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb

cwiPvjbvq gyLÅ f„wgKv cvjb KGi|

wkLbdj-2 [evsjvG`Gki ˆbŒevwnbx Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, Lyjbv]

K. ivGÓ¡Çi cÉavb AvBb KgÆKZÆvi cG`i bvg Kx? 1

L. miKvix KgÆKwgkGbi `ywU KvR eÅvLÅv Ki| 2

M. ZvGni ‰i PvPv ˆh cÉwZÓ¤vGbi cÉavb DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi

MVb cÉYvjx eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

N. DóxcGKi meÆGkl eÚeÅ ‘myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb cwiPvjbvq

DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vb gyLÅ f„wgKv cvjb KGi|’ Zzwg wK ‰

eÚeÅ mg^bÆ Ki? DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4

j¨ve‡iUwii wbivc` e¨envi 1

AÓ¡g AaÅvq

evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©v

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGkv² îi

cÉk² 1 ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Ç ˆKej meÆwbÁ² 21 eQi eqÕ• cyi‚l wK¯§ DóxcGKi ‘K’ ivGÓ¡È 21 eQi eqÕ• ˆKej cyi‚l
bvMwiKG`i ˆfvUvwaKvi iGqGQ| bvMwiKMY cÉKvkÅ ˆfvU`vGbi bvMwiKiv ˆfvU w`GZ cvGi| ‘K’ ivGÓ¡È bvMwiKMY cÉKvGkÅ
gvaÅGg cÉwZwbwaG`i wbeÆvPb KiGZ cvGi| wK¯§ ‰ ivGÓ¡Ç ˆfvU`vGbi gvaÅGg cÉwZwbwaG`i wbeÆvwPZ KGib| wK¯§
bvMwiKMY wbeÆvPb mÁ·GKÆ D`vmxb| ˆewkifvM bvMwiK evsjvG`Gki bvMwiKMY ˆMvcb eÅvjU ˆccvGii gvaÅGg ZvG`i
wbeÆvPwb cÉPviYvq AskMÉnY KGi bv ‰es cÉv^Æx mÁ·GKÆI Zviv ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉGqvM KGi| myZivs, DóxcGK ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^
fvGjvfvGe AeMZ nGZ AvMÉnx bb|
evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb mÁ·wKÆZ welq ˆhgb ˆfvU ˆ`Iqvi
 wkLbdj: 1 I 3 [P. ˆev. 2016]
eqm, ˆfvUvwaKvGi bvix-cyi‚l cv^ÆKÅ ‰es ˆfvU`vb c«¬wZGZ
K. evsjvG`Gk cÉ^g KZ mvGj msm` wbeÆvPb nq? 1 cv^ÆKÅ iGqGQ|

L. lÓ¤ RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb ˆfvUvi DcwÕ©wZ Kg
2 N DóxcGK ivGÓ¡Èi bvMwiKMY wbeÆvPb mÁ·GKÆ D`vmxb|
nIqvi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Çi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb Zviv ˆewkifvM wbeÆvPwb cÉPviYvq Ask MÉnY KGi bv| cÉv^Æx
mÁ·wKÆZ welqàGjvi AmvgémÅZv eYÆbv KGiv| 3 mÁ·GKÆ Zviv fvGjvfvGe AeMZ nGZ AvMÉnx bq hv Av`kÆ
N. DóxcGKi ivGÓ¡Çi bvMwiKG`i f„wgKvi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb bvMwiGKi ŠewkÓ¡Å bq| ZvG`i ‰B f„wgKvq bvMwiK AwaKvi
KGiv| 4 niY nq| mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤v eÅvnZ nq|
bvMwiKMY hLb ZvG`i ivR‹bwZK KgÆKv´£ mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb bv
1bs cÉGk²i Dîi
nq ZLb AMYZvw¯¨K Z^v ŠÕ¼ivPvix eÅeÕ©v cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| hv
K evsjvG`Gk 1973 mvGji 7 gvPÆ cÉ^g msm` wbeÆvPb nq| DóxcGK ivGÓ¡Èi bvMwiKG`i f„wgKvq cÉwZdwjZ nq|

L 6Ó¤ RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb ˆfvUvi DcwÕ©wZ Kg nIqvi kvmKGMvÓ¤x ZLb RbgZ DGcÞv KGi ˆ`k cwiPvjbv KGi| hv

KviY AGbK wQj| `jxq miKvGii AaxGb wbeÆvPb Aeva I kvmKGK ˆÕ¼œQvPvix nGZ D««¼y ¬ KGi|
RbMY hw` cÉv^Æx mÁ·GKÆ fvGjvfvGe AeMZ bv nq ZvnGj
myÓ¤z bv nIqvq evsjvG`k AvIqvgx jxMmn AbÅvbÅ `j wb`Æjxq A`Þ, AwkwÞZ, AivR‹bwZK cÉwZwbwai cÉvavbÅ e†w«¬ cvq|
wbiGcÞ Zî½veavqK miKvGii `vwe KGi| wbeÆvPbx cÉPviYvq Ask bv wbGj wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaG`i DGókÅ
mÁ·GKÆ RbMY AeMZ nGZ cvGi bv| fwelÅr kvmKGMvÓ¤xi
6Ó¤ RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb wbiGcÞ Zî½veavqK miKvi bv KgÆcwiK͸bv mÁ·GKÆ AeMZ nIqv hvq bv ‰es wbeÆvPbx
^vKvq AvIqvgx jxM, RvZxq cvwUÆ, RvgvqvZ-B-Bmjvgx I cÉPviYvq ˆKvGbv AMYZvw¯¨K wbeÆvPbx cÉPviYv ^vKGj RbMY
Rvm` wbeÆvPb eRÆb KGi| Dci¯§ ivR‹bwZK `jàGjv Zvi cÉwZev` KiGZ cvGi bv| hvi dGj RbMGYi D`vmxbZvi
gGbvbqb Rgv ˆ`qv I gGbvbqb cÉZÅvnvi, ‰es wbeÆvPGbi w`b myGhvM wbGq AGhvMÅ cÉv^Æx wbevÆPGb Ask wbGq wbeÆvwPZ nGq
meÆvñK niZvj cvjb KGi dGj ivR‹bwZK Aãb D nGq gƒGLÆi miKvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGi|
IGV| niZvj, mwnsm AvG±`vjb BZÅvw`i KviGY DÚ wbeÆvPGb myZivs ejv hvq, DóxcGKi ivGÓ¡Èi bvMwiKG`i f„wgKv h^v^Æ
ˆfvUvi DcwÕ©wZ Kg nq|

M DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb bq| ZvG`iGK wbeÆvPb cÉwKÌqvq AskMÉnY KGi, fvGjv ˆhvMÅ

mÁ·wKÆZ welqàGjvi AmvgémÅZv iGqGQ| evsjvG`Gki cÉv^Æx evQvB KGi, wbeÆvPb mÁ·wKÆZ wewa ˆRGb cÉwZwbwa wbeÆvPb

wbeÆvPGb msweavGbi 122 (2) bs AbyGœQG` cÉvµ¦ eqÕ• A^Ævr KGi `vwqZ½kxj f„wgKv cvjb KiGZ nGe| KviY ‰KwU D®²Z

18 eQGii eqmx bvix I cyi‚Gli ˆfvU ˆ`Iqvi AwaKvi ivR‹bwZK msÕ•‡wZ MGo ZzjGZ ivR‹bwZKfvGe mGPZb

iGqGQ| bvMwiGKi ˆKvGbv weK͸ bvB|

2 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cixÞvq Kgb ˆcGZ AbbÅ cÉGk²vîi

cÉk² 2 mgGqi mvG^ mvG^ AGbK cwieZÆb mvwaZ nGqGQ| KGiGQb| ˆfvU`vGbi gvaÅGg bvMwiK Zvi cÉwZwbwa wbeÆvPb
KGi ‰es ‰i gvaÅGg ivÓ¡Çxq KvGR Ask ˆbq| ‰GÞGò bvix I
wK¯§ cwieZÆGbi ˆKvGbv ˆQuvqv jvGMwb iwk` wgqvi gGb| ZvB cyi‚Gli mgvb AwaKvi iGqGQ| ˆfvUvwaKvi ev ivR‹bwZK
wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnGYi ˆÞGò bvixGK `ƒGi ivLv hvGe bv|
ˆm bvixi AwaKvGi, ÞgZvqGb wek¼vm KGi bv| ˆm KLGbvB

Pvq bv Zvi Õ¨x ˆfvU cÉ`vb KiK‚ | ‰gbwK ˆm Zvi ˆgGqG`iI N DóxcGKi iwk` wgqvi f„wgKvq kvmbeÅeÕ©vq wei…c
cÉfve coGZ cvGi eGj Avwg gGb Kwi| A
ˆfvUGKG±`Ê ˆhGZ ˆ`q bv| ˆm fvGe ivR‹bwZK wm«¬v¯¦ MYZG¯¨i Av`kÆGK mg®y Z² ˆiGL cÉRvZG¯¨i cÉkvmGbi mKj
Õ¦Gi wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaG`i AskMÉnY wbwøZ Kivi AwfcvÉ Gq
ˆbIqvi gGZv wePÞYZv bvixiv ‰LGbv ARÆb KiGZ cvGiwb| meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKviGK wbeÆvPGbi wfwî wnGmGe MÉnY Kiv nq|
‰i dGj bvix I cyi‚l mevB ˆfvUvi ‰es cÉv^xÆ wnGmGe wbeÆvPGb
wkLbdj-1 AskMÉnY KiGZ cvGi| ivGÓ¡Çi bvMwiK wnGmGe ‰KRb cyi‚l
hZUzKz Ae`vb ivLGZ cvGi, myGhvM ˆcGj ‰KRb bvixI ˆmi…c
K. evsjvG`Gki RvZxq msmG`i cÉ^g mvaviY wbeÆvPb Ae`vb ivLGZ cvGi| Avi AvgvG`i RbmsLÅvi AGaÆK nGjv
bvix| ZvB ZvG`iGK ev` w`Gq ˆ`Gk `Þ kvmbeÅeÕ©v cÉwZÓ¤v
AbywÓ¤Z nq KGe? 1 Kiv mÁ¿e bq|
bvixi ÞgZvqGbi RbÅ bvixGK cÉ^g gvbyl wnGmGe gƒjÅvqb
L. KxfvGe miKvi I RbMGYi gGaÅ ˆmZze®¬b iwPZ KiGZ nGe| cwievi ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi meÆGÞGò ZvG`i
gZvgZGK gƒjÅvqb KiGZ nGe| KgÆGÞGò ‰es ivR‹bwZK
nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 KgÆKvGí AskMÉnGYi myGhvM KGi w`GZ nGe| ZvnGjB bvixi
ÞgZvqb wbwøZ nGe| Avi bvixi ÞgZvqb wbwøZ nGj Zviv
M. DóxcGKi iwk` wgqv evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vq ˆ`Gki cÉkvmb, ivRbxwZ, A^Æ‹bwZK AMÉMwZ cÉf‡wZ ˆÞGò
ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ Ae`vb ivLGZ cviGe| wK¯§ DóxcGKi iwk` wgqvi
ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK Aegvbbv KGiGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 gGbvfve bvixGK wewf®² ˆÞGò wcQGq ivLGe| Zviv ˆ`Gki
RbkwÚi AGaÆK Ask nIqv mGî½I ˆKvGbv Ae`vb ivLGZ
N. DóxcGK iwk` wgqvi f„wgKvGK Zzwg KxfvGe gƒjÅvqb cviGe bv|

KiGe? gZvgZ `vI| 4

2bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K evsjvG`Gki RvZxq msmG`i cÉ^g mvaviY wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z
nq 1973 mvGji 7 gvPÆ| A

L wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vi gvaÅGg miKvi I RbMGYi gGaÅ AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, wbeÆvPGbi AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å meÆRbxb
ˆmZze®¬b iwPZ nq| A ˆfvUvwaKvi Aegvbbvq ˆbwZevPK cÉfve coGe|
‰ eÅeÕ©vq RbMGYi Afve, AwfGhvM Rvbvi ‰es ˆmàGjv
`ƒixKiGY wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaMY h^vh^ f„wgKv cvjGbi myGhvM
cvq| eÕ§Z wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg RbMY ivR‹bwZKfvGe mGPZb
nq| ZvB ejv hvq, wbeÆvPb miKvi I RbMGYi gvGS
ˆmZze®¬b wnGmGe KvR KGi|

M DóxcGKi iwk` wgqv evsjvG`Gki kvmbeÅeÕ©vi meÆRbxb cÉk² 3 we`ÅvjGqi Avm®² wkÞK wbeÆvPbGK ˆK±`Ê KGi
ˆfvUvwaKvi ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK Aegvbbv KGiGQb| A
bvix-cyi‚l, agÆ-eYÆ ‰es ˆkÉwY-ˆckv wbweÆGkGl cÉvµ¦eqÕ• mKj wkÞK-wkwÞKve†±` `y`Gj fvM nGq ˆMGjb| ZvG`i `vwe
bvMwiGKi ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦GKB meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvi eGj|
evsjvG`k msweavGbi 122 bs AbyGœQG` cÉvµ¦eqÕ• mKj ‰KRb wbiGcÞ chÆGeÞGKi| AeGkGl cÉavb wkÞK
bvMwiGKi ˆfvUvwaKvGi K^v ejv nGqGQ| ˆfvU`vGbi ˆÞGò
bvix-cyi‚l mevB mgvb ‰es ‰Uv mKj bvMwiGKi ivR‹bwZK AvGbvqvi‚j nGKi ˆbZG‡ Z½ wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nIqvi Avk¼vGm
AwaKvi| ‰KRb cyi‚Gli ˆfvU ˆhgb gƒjÅevb, ˆZgwb ‰KRb
bvixi ˆfvUI gƒjÅevb| ‰GÞGò bvixGK ˆfvU cÉ`vGb evav c`ZÅvM KiGZ evaÅ wkÞKMY m¯¦wÓ¡ cÉKvk KGib|
ˆ`Iqv wKsev cÉfvweZ Kiv hvGe bv| Avi ‰UvB nGjv meÆRbxb
ˆfvUvwaKvGii gƒj ŠewkÓ¡Å| wkLbdj-2
DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq iwk` wgqv bvixi AwaKvi I ÞgZvqGb
wek¼vm KGib bv| ˆm Pvq bv Zvi Õ¨x ˆfvU cÉ`vb Ki‚K| K. ˆRbvGij ‰ikv` KZ mvGj c`ZÅvM KiGZ evaÅ
‰gbwK ˆm Zvi Õ¨x I ˆgGqG`iI ˆfvU ˆKG±`Ê ˆhGZ ˆ`q bv|
ˆm fvGe ivR‹bwZK wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbIqvi gGZv wePÞYZv bvixiv nb? 1
‰LGbv ARÆb KiGZ cvGiwb| ‰i gvaÅGg iwk` wgqv
evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vi meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKviGK AÕ¼xKvi L. RbcÉwZwbwa ˆK? 2

M. DóxcGK AvGbvqvi‚j nGKi f„wgKvi mvG^ 1991

mvGji wbeÆvPGbi wePvicwZ mvnveywób AvngG`i

f„wgKvi mv`†kÅ eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

N. DóxcGKi wkÞKMGYi m¯§wÓ¡ ˆhb 1991 mvGji

wbeÆvPGb ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi m¯§wÓ¡B cÉwZœQwe@

weGkÏlY Ki| 4

evsjvG`Gki wbevÆ Pb eÅeÕ©v 3

3bs cÉGk²i Dîi 5g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGbi djkÉ‚wZGZ ivÓ¡ÌcwZ kvwmZ
miKvieÅeÕ©vi cwieGZÆ msm`xq miKvi c«¬wZ msweavGb
K 1990 mvGji 6 wWGmÁ¼i ˆRbvGij ‰ikv` c`ZÅvM KiGZ A¯¦fzÆÚ nq| ˆ`Gk Aeva Z^Å cÉevn m†wÓ¡, gZ cÉKvGki
evaÅ nb| Õ¼vaxbZv, cò-cwòKvi Ici ˆ^GK wewawbGla cÉZÅvnvGii
eÅeÕ©v Kiv nq| KvhÆZ ‰ wbeÆvPGbi gaÅ w`Gq evsjvG`Gk
L whwb RbMGYi nGq ZvG`i `vwe-`vIqv Eº¬ÆZb KZƆcGÞi `xNÆw`Gbi mvgwiK kvmGbi Aemvb NGU| dGj MYZvw¯¨K ˆ`k
KvGQ ZGz j aGib ZvGK RbcÉwZwbwa ejv nq| wnGmGe evsjvG`k ‰K avc ‰wMGq hvq| ivR‹bwZK fvlÅKvi,
mvsevw`K, weGkÏlK mKGjB ‰i…c AwfgZ eÅÚ KGib ˆh,
bvMwiKMY ˆfvUvwaKvGii wfwîGZ wbGRG`i RbcÉwZwbwa evsjvG`Gki BwZnvGm ‰i…c Aeva, kvw¯¦cƒYÆ I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPb
wbeÆvPb KGi ^vGKb| wbeÆvwPZ RbcÉwZwbwaiv Õ©vbxq RbMGYi cƒGeÆ KLGbv AbywÓ¤Z nqwb|
wewf®² Afve-AwfGhvM ‰es `vwe-`vIqvi K^v h^vh^
KZ‡ÆcGÞi wbKU ZzGj aGib| ˆhgb@ evsjvG`Gki msm` DÚ AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, DóxcGKi wkÞKMGYi m¯§wÓ¡
m`mÅMY RbMGYi wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa| Zviv ZvG`i wbR wbR 1991 mvGji 5g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb AskMÉnYKvix
‰jvKvi RbMGYi wewf®² mgmÅvi K^v miKvGii wbKU ZzGj ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi m¯§wÓ¡iB cÉwZœQwe|
aGib ‰es mgvavGbi ˆPÓ¡v KGib|
cÉk² 4
M DóxcGKi AvGbvqvij‚ nGKi f„wgKvi mvG^ 1991 mvGji
wbeÆvPGb wePvicwZ mvnveywób AvngG`i f„wgKvi mv`†kÅ msmG`i ˆgqv` @ 11 w`b
iGqGQ| ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ wej cvm
15Zg msGkvabxGZ ˆmB wej evwZj
1991 mvGji wbeÆvPGbi cƒGeÆ ˆ`Gki cÉavb `ywU ivR‹bwZK `j
AvIqvgx jxM I we‰bwc HKÅe«¬ nGq AvG±`vjb KGi ‰es wkLbdj-2
ZrKvjxb ‰ikv` miKviGK ŠÕ¼ivPvix wnGmGe AvLÅvwqZ KGi|
`yB `Gji AvG±`vjGbi ‰KchÆvGq ‰ikv` miKvi c`ZÅvM K. evsjvG`Gk cÉ^g KZ mvGj wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq? 1
KGi ‰es wb`Æjxq eÅwÚ wePvicwZ mvnveywób AvnGgG`i wbKU
ÞgZv nÕ¦v¯¦i KGi| DcivÓ¡ÇcwZ wnGmGe wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ wePvicwZ L. wbeÆvPGb bvMwiGKi AskMÉnY cÉGqvRb ˆKb? eÅvLÅv
mvnveywób AvnGg` wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vGbi jGÞÅ ‰KwU wek¼vmGhvMÅ
wbeÆvPb Kwgkb MVb KGib ‰es ‰ KwgkGbi AaxGb ‰KwU KGiv| 2
Aeva, wbiGcÞ I myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb mÁ·®² KGib|
M. QGK DwÍÏwLZ ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjv ˆKvb RvZxq wbeÆvPGbi
DóxcGKI ˆ`Lv hvq, we`ÅvjGqi Avm®² wkÞK wbeÆvPbGK ˆK±`Ê
KGi wkÞK-wkwÞKve†±` `y`Gj fvM nGq ‰KRb wbiGcÞ BwãZ w`GœQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
chÆGeÞGKi `vwe KGib| AeGkGl cÉavb wkÞK AvGbvqvi‚j
nK myÓ¤z wbeÆvPGbi Avk¼vm w`Gj ÞgZvmxbiv c`ZÅvM KGib| N. QGKi ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjv chÆGeÞYceƒ ÆK ‰es cvVÅeBGqi
AvGbvqvi‚j nGKi ˆbZG‡ Z½ myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb mÁ·®² nGj
AvG±`vjbKvix wkÞK-wkwÞKve†±` m¯§Ó¡ nb| ZvB ejv hvq, AvGjvGK ZrKvjxb miKvi ivR‹bwZK ˆcÉÞvcU
DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ wbeÆvPb evsjvG`Gki 1991 mvGji 5g
RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGbi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| weGkÏlY KGiv| 4

N DóxcGKi wkÞKMGYi m¯§wÓ¡ ˆhb 1991 mvGji wbeÆvPGb 4bs cÉGk²i Dîi
ivR‹bwZK `jàGjvi m¯§wÓ¡iB cÉwZœQwe- K^vwU h^v^Æ|
K evsjvG`Gk 1973 mvGji 7 gvPÆ cÉ^g wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq|
1990 mvGj MYAfzÅïvGbi ci ivÓ¡ÌcwZ ‰ikv` ÞgZv QvoGZ
evaÅ nb| mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi cÉavb wePvicwZ mvnveywób Avng`GK L AvaywbK MYZvw¯¨K ivGÓ¡Ç cÉwZwbwaZg½ ƒjK kvmb eÅeÕ©v
Dc-ivÓ¡ÌcwZ cG` wbGqvM ˆ`Iqv nq| Hw`bB ivÓ¡ÌcwZ ‰ikv` we`Ågvb|
Dc-ivÓ¡ÌcwZi wbKU ÞgZv nÕ¦v¯¦i KGi c`ZÅvM KGib|
cçg RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb meÆvwaK msLÅK `j I cÉv^Æx bvMwiKMY ZvG`i ˆfvU cÉ`vGbi gvaÅGg cÉwZwbwa wbevPÆb KGi
AskMÉnY KGi ‰es ˆfvUviivI wecyj Drmvn I Dóxcbvi gaÅ AvBb cÉYqb ‰es miKvi cwiPvjbvq AskMÉnY KGi ^vGK|
w`Gq ZvG`i ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉGqvM KGi| ‰B wbeÆvPb evsjvG`Gki Avi cÉwZwbwa evQvBGqi RbÅ wbevÆPGbi ˆKvGbv weK͸ ˆbB|
BwZnvGm meÆvGcÞv Aeva, wbiGcÞ I myÓ¤z wQj| DÚ wbeÆvPGbi wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaMY RbMY Z^v bvMwiKG`i cGÞB kvmb
djvdj AskMÉnYKvix mKj ivR‹bwZK `j m¯§Ó¡ wPGî MÉnY cwiPvjbv KGi ^vGK| AvaywbK cÉwZwbwaZg½ ƒjK MYZG¯¨i
KGi| mdjZvi cƒeÆkZÆB nGœQ myÓ¤z wbeÆvPb| ‰RbÅB eZÆgvb
cÉwZwbwaZg½ ƒjK kvmbeÅeÕ©vq wbeÆvPGb bvMwiGKi AskMÉnY
cÉGqvRb| A

M QGK DwÍÏwLZ ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjv 1996 mvGji 15B ˆdeË‚qvwi
AbywÓ¤Z nq 6Ó¤ RvZxq wbeÆvPGbi w`GK BwãZ KGi|

DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ QGK ˆ`LvGbv nGœQ ˆh, 11 w`b ˆgqvw` DÚ
msmG` ‰KwU ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ wej cvm nq ‰es Zv cieZÆxGZ
msweavGbi 15Zg msGkvabxi gvaÅGg evwZj Kiv nq| DÚ
NUbvi cÉGZÅKwUB wQj 6Ó¤ RvZxq wbevÆ PGbi cieZÆx miKvGii
cÉwZ BwãZcƒYÆ|

4 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

evsjvG`k RvZxqZvev`x `Gji (we‰bwc) AaxGb AbywÓ¤Z DÚ AvmGbi gGaÅ 278 Avmb ˆcGq ‰KK msLÅvMwiÓ¤Zv wbGq
wbeÆvPb evsjvG`k AvIqvgx jxM, RvZxq cvwUÆ, Rvm`mn miKvi MVb KGi|
AbÅvbÅ mKj `j eRÆb KGi| dGj we‰bwc cÉwZ«¼w±«¼Zvnxb
wbeÆvPGb 300 AvmGbi gGaÅ 278wU AvmGb Rqjvf KGi cÉnmGbi wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg A‹eafvGe MwVZ miKvGii wei‚G«¬
miKvi MVb KGi| wK¯§ eRbÆ Kvix weGivax `jàGjvi AbeiZ AvIqvgx jxMmn mKj weGivax ˆRvU wgGj `yeÆvi AvG±`vjb
AvG±`vjGbi gyGL LvGj`v wRqv c`ZÅvGM evaÅ nq| ռ͸Ggqv`x MGo ˆZvGj| weGivaxG`i ˆhŒwÚK AvG±`vjGbi gyGL LvGj`v
DÚ msmG` ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ “Zî½veavqK miKvi” wej cvm KGi wRqv c`ZÅvGM evaÅ nb| c`ZÅvGMi cƒGeÆ msweavGbi òGqv`k
msweavGb òGqv`k msGkvabx Avbv nq| cieZÆxGZ cç`k msGkvabx ‰Gb weGivax `jàGjvi `vwe Abyhvqx “Zî½veavqK
msGkvabxi gvaÅGg DÚ Zî½veavqK miKvi eÅeÕ©v evwZj Kiv miKvi wej” cvm Kiv nq| cieZÆxGZ 1996 mvGji ‰wcÉj
nq| myZivs AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, DóxcGKi QGK DwÍÏwLZ gvGm Zî½veavqK miKvi MwVZ nq ‰es DÚ miKvGii AaxGb
ŠewkÓ¡Åvewj 6Ó¤ RvZxq wbeÆvPGbi cÉwZ BwãZ ˆ`q| 1996 mvGji 12 Ryb 7g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq|
DÚ wbeÆvPGb AvIqvgx jxM 146wU Avmb jvf KGi
N cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK ‰es QGK DwÍÏwLZ ŠewkÓ¡Åvewj msLÅvMwiÓ¤Zv ARÆb KGi|
chÆGeÞY KGi ‰K^v wbtmG±`Gn ejv hvq, ZrKvjxb mgqKvi
A^Ævr 6Ó¤ RvZxq wbeÆvPb I ZrcieZÆx MwVZ miKvGii mgGq ZrKvjxb mgGq ˆ`Gk weivRgvb D ivR‹bwZK cwiGeGk
evsjvG`Gki ivR‹bwZK ˆcÉÞvcU wQj AwÕ©wZkxj| 7g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb wQj hG^Ó¤ ZvrchÆcYƒ Æ| ‰wU wQj
wbiGcÞ ZîveavqK miKvGii AaxGb AbywÓ¤Z cÉ^g wbeÆvPb|
1996 mvGji 15B ˆde‚qË vwi 6Ó¤ RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z ‰ wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg my`xNÆ 21 eQi ci AvIqvgx jxM ÞgZvq
nq| ÞgZvmxb we‰bwc-‰i AaxGb AbywÓ¤Z DÚ wbeÆvPb AvmGZ mÞg nq| ivR‹bwZK chÆGeÞKiv Avkv ˆcvlY KGib,
evsjvG`k AvIqvgx jxM, RvZxq cvwUÆ, Rvm`, ˆRwc-mn cÉvq ‰B wbeÆvPwb djvdj ˆ`Gk my`†p MYZvw¯¨K wfwî iPbv KiGe|
me `j eRÆb KGi| dGj cÉnmGbi wbeÆvPGb we‰bwc 300

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk² cÉwZwbwaMY ‰jvKvi RbmvaviGYi cÉZÅÞ ev cGivÞ ˆfvGU
wbeÆvwPZ A^ev miKvi KZ‡ÆK gGbvbxZ nb| Õ©vbxq
cÉk² 5 kwgi eqm MZ eQi 18 eQi cƒYÆ nGqGQ| ‰evi Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjv AvBGbi gvaÅGg ÞgZvcÉvµ¦| ‰iv
wbR wbR ‰jvKvi RbMGYi wbKU `vqx ^vGKb| evsjvG`Gk
ˆfvUvi ZvwjKvq Zvi bvg A¯¦fzÆÚ Kiv nGqGQ| ˆm fxlY Lywk| Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjv nGjv- BDwbqb cwil`,
ˆKbbv AvMvgxGZ ˆhGKvGbv wbeÆvPGb ˆm ˆfvU cÉ`vb KiGZ DcGRjv cwil`, ˆcŒimfv, wmwU KGcÆvGikb, ˆRjv cwil`
cviGe ‰es Zvi cQG±`i cÉv^xÆGK evQvB KiGZ cviGe| ‰RbÅ cÉf‡wZ|
ˆm ‰Lb ˆ^GK evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©v ‰es wbeÆvPbx
AvPiYwewa mÁ·GKÆ Rvbvi ˆPÓ¡v KiGQ| mycvi wUcm& : cGÉ qvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cGÉ k²i DîGii RGbÅ Abyi…c
wkLbdj-1 [nwj KÌm KGjR] ˆh cÉGki² DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe
K. evsjvG`Gk cÉ^g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb KLb AbywÓ¤Z
nq? 1 M wbeÆvPK gíjx Kx? eYÆbv KGiv|
L. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ kwgi ˆfvUvwaKvi cÉvwµ¦GZ N evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vGK myÓ¤z, Aeva, wbiGcÞ Kivi
evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å RbÅ Zzwg ˆKvb ˆKvb eÅeÕ©v MÉnGYi RbÅ mycvwik KiGe?
wjL|

cÉwZdjb NGUGQ? 3
N. evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vGK myÓ¤z, Aeva, wbiGcÞ
Kivi RbÅ Zzwg ˆKvb ˆKvb eÅeÕ©v MÉnGYi RbÅ
mycvwik KiGe? wjL| 4

5bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K evsjvG`Gki cÉ^g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb 1973 mvGji 7
gvPÆ AbywÓ¤Z nq|

L Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ejGZ wbw`ÆÓ¡ ‰jvKvwfwîK RbMGYi
Õ¼kvmbGK ˆevSvq|
Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb eÅeÕ©vq Õ©vbxq miKviàGjv ˆK±`Êxq
miKvGii wbhyÚ KgÆKZvÆ G`i «¼viv cwiPvwjZ nq bv| ‰i

beg AaÅvq

evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZ

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGkv² îi

cÉk²1 mvÁ·ÉwZKKvGj AvçwjK ivÓ¡ÇmgƒGni gGaÅ DóxcGK ˆh msÕ©v mÁ·GKÆ ejv nGqGQ ˆmwU 1985 mvGj
MwVZ nq ‰es ‰ msÕ©vwU `wÞY ‰wkqvi AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv
mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬i cÉeYZv jÞYxq| `wÞY ‰wkqv AçGj msÕ©v| myZivs DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vwU nGjv mvKÆ|

AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬i jGÞÅ 1985 mvGj AvbyÓ¤vwbKfvGe N DÚ msÕ©v A^Ævr mvKÆ MVGb evsjvG`Gki AmvgvbÅ Ae`vb
iGqGQ|
MwVZ nq ‰KwU AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv msÕ©v| Av¯¦-ivwÓ¡ÇK mvGKiÆ mvG^ evsjvG`Gki mÁ·KÆ IZGcÉvZfvGe RwoZ| mvGKiÆ
Õ¼µ²`ÌÓ¡v evsjvG`k| mvGKÆi cÌ^g mGÁÃjb 1985 mvGj XvKvq
A^Æ‹bwZK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬mn eüwea mnGhvwMZv MGo ˆZvjvi AbywÓ¤Z nq| cieZxÆGZ 1993 ‰es 2005 mvGjI XvKvq
mvGKiÆ kxlÆ mGÁÃjb AbywÓ¤Z nq| wZbwU mGÁÃjGbB bZzb
jÞÅ ‰B msÕ©vwU wbaÆviY KGi| AekÅ wewf®² cÉwZe®¬KZvi Avkvev` I KvhÆKÌg ˆNvlYv Kiv nq| mvGKiÆ DG`ÅvÚv wnmvGe
evsjvG`k mvGKÆi wewf®² KgÆKvG´£ ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb
KviGY msÕ©vwU Kvw›ÞZ jÞÅ ARÆGb eÅ^Æ nGœQ| KiGQ| mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kmgGƒ ni gGaÅ eÅemv-evwYGRÅi mÁ·ÌmviY,
AvçwjK weGiva wbÓ·wî, we`Ågvb msKGUi kvw¯¦cƒYÆ mgvavb
 wkLbdj: 2 [Kz. ˆev. 2016] cÌf‡wZ welGq evsjvG`k ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ| ‰Qvov
m`mÅfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ we`Ågvb wewf®² Av^Æ-mvgvwRK,
K. KgbIGqj^ Kx? 1 cwiGekMZ, Õ¼vÕ©ÅMZ mgmÅvi mgvavGb evsjvG`k e«¬
cwiKi|
L. RvwZmsN wbivcîv cwil` KxfvGe MwVZ nq? 2 mvGKiÆ Õ¼µ²`ËÓ¡v wnmvGe evsjvG`k gGb KGi, wbGRG`i fzj-ò‚wU
Avi wnsmvñK gGbvfve fzGj ÷ay AvçwjK Õ¼v^ÆGK weGePbvq
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vwUi bvg Kx? ‰B msÕ©vwUi ‰Gb mvKÆGK AviI mvgGb ‰wMGq wbGq hvIqv mÁ¿e|

jÞÅ I DGókÅ eYÆbv KGiv| 3

N. DÚ msÕ©v MVGb evsjvG`Gki f„wgKv AvGjvPbv

KGiv| 4

1bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K mvGeK weËwUk DcwbGek ˆ^GK Õ¼vaxbZv cÉvµ¦ ˆ`kmgƒGni

msMVb nGjv KgbIGqj^|

L RvwZmsGNi meGPq ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ kvLv nGjv wbivcîv cwil`| cÉk² 2 ˆ`Gki DîivçGji RbMY wkÞv, Õ¼vÕ©Å,
wbivcîv cwil` 5wU Õ©vqx I 10wU AÕ©vqx m`mÅ ivÓ¡È wbGq
MwVZ nq| AÕ©vqx m`mÅ ivÓ¡È RvwZmsGNi mvaviY cwilG`i A^ÆbxwZmn wewf®²GÞGò AbÅvbÅ AçGji Zzjbvq AbMÉmi
m`mÅG`i ˆfvGU cÉwZ `yB eQi A¯¦i wbeÆvwPZ nq| A^Ævr
RvwZmsGNi wbivcîv cwilG`i wbivcîv cwilG`i ˆgvU m`mÅ
msLÅv 15|

M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vwU nGjv mvKÆ| wQj| DîivçGji ˆRjvmgƒn AbMÉmiZv KvwUGq D®w² Zi jGÞÅ
’mvKÆ mb`’‰es ’XvKv ˆNvlYv’ Abyhvqx mvGKiÆ jÞÅ I DGókÅ
nGœQ wbÁ²i…c: `wÞYvçGji ˆRjvmgGƒ ni mvG^ eÅemv-evwYRÅ I AbÅvbÅ
1. `wÞY ‰wkqvi gvbylG`i KjÅvY mvab I Rxebhvòvi gvb
ˆÞGò mnGhvwMZvgƒjK mÁ·KÆ e†w«¬KG͸ wewf®² KvhKÆ Ìg MÉnY
D®²qb|
2. A^Æ‹bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK D®²qb Z½ivwY¼Z Kiv, KGi| hgybv b`xGZ eãe®¬y ˆmZz wbwgÆZ nIqvi ci ˆhvMvGhvM

weævb I KvwiMwi ˆÞGò mnGhvwMZv `vb| eÅeÕ©v Zivw¯¼Z nGj `y’AçGji gGaÅ mnGhvwMZv AviI e†w«¬
3. mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kmgyGni AvñwbfÆikxjZv ARÆGb mnvqZv `vb|
4. AvÕ©vi cwiGek m†wÓ¡ I kvw¯¦cƒYÆ DcvGq mgmÅvi mgvavb| cvq| A^ÆbxwZ I AbÅvbÅ ˆÞGò Dfq AçGji RbMY DcK‡Z
5. weGk¼i AbÅvbÅ D®q² bkxj ˆ`k, Av¯¦RÆvwZK I AvçwjK
nGZ ^vGK|  wkLbdj: 3 [iv. ˆev. 2016]
msÕ©vi msGM mnGhvwMZv Õ©vcb I e†w«¬|
6. Av¯¦RÆvwZK ˆÞGò wbGRG`i Õ¼v^Æ mswkÓÏ ¡ welGq cviÕ·wiK K. SAARC-‰i cƒYÆi…c wjL| 1

mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ I AbyK„j AeÕ©vb MÉnY| L. Kx DGóGkÅ mvKÆ MwVZ nq wjL| 2
7. ‰GK AcGii mveÆGfŒgZ½, f„L´£MZ AL´£Zv I Õ¼vaxbfvGe
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ mnGhvwMZvi mdjZvGK Av¯¦RÆvwZK
Pjvi bxwZi cÌwZ kÌ«¬vkxj ^vKv|
mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞGò KxfvGe KvGR jvMvGbv hvq Zv eÅvLÅv

KGiv| 3

N. Abyi…c Av¯¦RÆvwZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞò cÉmvwiZ nGj

evsjvG`Gki gGZv ivÓ¡Èmgƒn jvfevb nGe eGj Zzwg gGb Ki

wK? gZvgZ `vI| 4

2  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

2bs cÉGk²i Dîi nGe| ˆKbbv ‰me ˆ`kàGjv ZLb ZvG`i ˆ`Gki RbMGYi
RxebgvGbi D®²qGb bvbv ZG^Åi wewbgq KiGe| Avi
K SAARC ‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv- South Asian Association cieZxÆGZ Zv KvGR jvwMGq Zviv D®²wZi w`GK avweZ nGe ‰es
Þzav I `vwi`ËgyÚ ‰KwU wek¼ Dcnvi w`GZ mnvqZv KiGe|
for Regional Co-operation. myZivs ejv hvq, AvçwjK Av¯¦RÆvwZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞò
cÉmvwiZ nGj evsjvG`Gki gGZv ivÓ¡Èmgƒn jvfevb nGe|
L cviÕ·wiK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ I AvñwbfÆikxjZv ARÆGb
ˆhŒ^ cÉGPÓ¡v Kivmn ˆek wKQy DGókÅ wbGq mvKÆ MwVZ nq| cÉk² 3

mvKÆ ‰KwU AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv msÕ©v| `wÞY ‰wkqvi 7wU ‘K’ msÕ©v ‘L’ msÕ©v
(eZÆgvGb 8wU) ˆ`k wbGq ‰wU MwVZ nq| `wÞY ‰wkqvi
RbMGYi KjÅvY mvab I Rxebhvòvi gvb D®²qb, A^Æ‹bwZK, (1) cÉv^wgK m`mÅ : 50 cÉv^wgK m`mÅ : 24
mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK, AMÉMwZ Z½ivwY¼Z Kiv, weævb I
KvwiMwi ˆÞGò mnGhvwMZv Kiv, mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kmgGƒ ni (2) DGókÅ: wek¼kvw¯¦ iÞv, DGókÅ: gymjgvbG`i
AvðwbfÆikxjZv ARÆGb ˆhŒ^ cÉGPÓ¡v Kiv, cviÕ·vwiK AvÕ©vi
cwiGek m†wÓ¡, kvw¯¦cƒYÆ DcvGq weGivGai gxgvsmv cÉf‡wZ A^Æ‹bwZK, mvgvwRK I Õ¼v^ÆmsiÞY I wbGRG`i
DGókÅ wbGq mvKÆ MwVZ nq|
gvbweK D®²qb gaÅKvi mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ Kiv
M DóxcGK DwÍwÏ LZ mnGhvwMZv nGjv AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv|
‰ mdjZvGK Av¯¦RÆvwZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞGò bvbvfvGe KvGR (3) m`i `µ¦i : wbDBqKÆ m`i `µ¦i : ˆRóv
jvMvGbv ˆhGZ cvGi|
`wÞY ‰wkqvi RbMGYi KjÅvY mvab I Rxebhvòvi gvb  wkLbdj: 4 I 10 [P. ˆev. 2016]
D®²qb, A^Æ‹bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK AMÉMwZ Z½ivwY¼Z
Kiv Av¯¦RvwÆ ZK ˆÞGò wbGRG`i Õ¼v^-Æ mswkÓÏ ¡ welGq K. SAARC-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1
cviÕ·vwiK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ I AbyK„j AeÕ©vb MÉnY cÉf‡wZ
DGókÅ wbGq mvKÆ MwVZ nq| dGj ‰me AçGji RbMGYi L. evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi ‰KwU ŠewkÓ¡Å eYÆbv
RxebgvGbi AGbK D®²qb nGqGQ| ‰ aiGYi AvçwjK
msMVGbi mdjZvGK Av¯¦RvwÆ ZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞGò KGiv| 2
wewf®²fvGe KvGR jvMvGbv ˆhGZ cvGi| ˆhgb- AvçwjK
mnGhvwMZvgƒjK msÕ©vfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi ‰GK ˆ`Gki mvG^ AbÅ M. ‘K’ msÕ©vi mvG^ ˆKvb Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi wgj
ˆ`Gki eÅwÚMZfvGe fvj mÁ·KÆ ŠZwi Kiv ‰es ‰me ˆ`Gki
mvG^ Avjvc AvGjvPbv KGi ZvG`i mnGhvwMZvgƒjK msÕ©v I iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
msÕ©vfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi mvG^ eÅemv-evwYRÅ Kivi c^ myMg
Kiv| ‰GÞGò ZvG`iGK DrmvwnZ KiGZ AvçwjK N. DGókÅ evÕe¦ vqGb ‘‘L’ msÕ©vi KvhÆKÌg evsjvG`Gki
mnGhvwMZvgƒjK msÕ©vi mdjZvGK D`vniY wnGmGe ˆ`LvGbv
ˆhGZ cvGi| ˆcÉwÞGZ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4

N nuÅv, AvçwjK Av¯¦RÆvwZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞò cÉmvwiZ nGj 3bs cÉGk²i Dîi
evsjvG`Gki gGZv ivÓ¡Èmgƒn jvfevb nGe eGj Avwg gGb
Kwi| K SAARC-‰i cƒYÆi…c nGœQ South Asian Association for
evsjvG`k ‰KwU D®²qbkxj ˆ`k | ‰G`Gk cÉwZwbqZ Þzav,
`vwi`,Ë cÉwZKzj AvenvIqv, cÉvK‡wZK `yGhvMÆ , AwkÞv-KzwkÞv, Regional Co-operation.
KzmsÕ•vi, eÅemv-evwYGRÅ cÉwZKzj cwiGek ˆjGMB AvGQ| ‰
AeÕ©v ˆ^GK DîiGYi RbÅ cÉwZwbqZ msMÉvg KGiB PGjGQ| L evsjvG`k msweavGbi 25 bs AbyGœQG` ivGÓ¡Èi ŠeG`wkK
‰ cwiwÕ©wZGZ ‰G`Gk mvgvbÅ mnGhvwMZvI gnxiG… ni gZ KvR
KGi| hvi `i‚Y mvKÆ cÉwZÓ¤v jvGfi ci ˆ^GKB evsjvG`k ‰ bxwZi wfwî ev gƒj ŠewkÓ¡Å mÁ·GKÆ BwãZ cÉ`vb Kiv nGqGQ|
AçGj eÅemv-evwYRÅmn AbÅvbÅ ˆÞGò cƒGeÆi Zzjbvq ˆekx evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi AbÅZg ‰KwU ŠewkÓ¡Å nj-
myweav cvGœQ| Avg`vwb-iµ¦vwbi ˆÞGò cGYÅi MÉnYGhvMÅ e®¬yGZ½i bxwZ| evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡È bxwZi gƒjK^v nj,
gvGbv®²qb jÞÅ Kiv hvGœQ| m¯¨vm `gGb ZG^Åi wewbgq nGœQ| “mKGji mvG^ e®¬Zy ½, KvGiv mvG^ kò‚Zv bq” (Friendship to
dGj ˆ`k Rxebgvb D®²wZi w`GK avweZ nGœQ| evsjvG`Gki all and malice to none)| evsjvG`k R¯Ãj™² ˆ^GKB ‰ bxwZi
gZ AbÅvbÅ D®q² bkxj ˆ`kàGjv AvçwjK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞò wfwîGZ weGk¼i mKj ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ mnGhvwMZv I
cÉmvwiZ KiGj Av¯¦RvwÆ ZK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞGòI Zviv jvfevb mÁcÉxwZi gGbvfve MGo ZzGjGQ ‰es fwelÅGZI MGo ZzjGe|
1972 mvGji Rvbyqvwi gvGm eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ivngvb
ˆNvlYv KGib, “c†w^exi mKj RvwZi mvG^ e®¬y&Z½ I
mnGhvwMZvB AvgvG`i ŠeG`wkK bxwZi gƒjK^v| Avgiv
evsjvG`kGK cÉvGPÅi myBRvijÅvG´£ cwiYZ KiGZ PvB|”

M DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘K’ msÕ©vi mvG^ Avgi cvVÅ eBGqi

Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©v RvwZmsGNi mv`†kÅ AvGQ|
wek¼kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv weavGbi gnvb eËZ wbGq 1945 mvGj
RvwZmsGNi hvòv ÷i‚ nq| 1945 mvGji 26 Ryb
mvbdËvw´ÖmGKv mGÁÃjGb DcwÕ©Z 50wU ˆ`Gki RvwZmsN mb`
Õ¼vÞGii gvaÅGg RvwZmsGNi hvòv ÷i‚ nq| RvwZmsGNi
cÉv^wgK m`mÅ 50| eZÆgvGb m`mÅ msLÅv 193|
RvwZmsN wek¼kvw¯¦ iÞv, weGk¼i Aby®²Z ivÓ¡ÈmgƒGni A^Æ‹bwZK
mvgvwRK I gvbweK D®²qb, RvwZmgƒGni gGaÅ ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ mÁ·KÆ
D®²qb, Av¯¦RÆvwZK weGiva wggvsmv, gvbevwaKvi cÉwZÓ¤v, weGk¼

evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZ 3

ˆmŒfvZ‡Z½gƒjjK cwiGek m†wÓ¡i DGókÅ wbGq cÉwZwÓ¤Z| e®¬yGZ½i bxwZ| evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡È bxwZi gƒjK^v nj,
RvwZmsGNi m`i `µ¦i wbDBqGKÆ AewÕ©Z| “mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ KvGiv mvG^ kò‚Zv bq” (Friendship to
all and malice to none)| evsjvG`k R¯Ãj™² ˆ^GKB ‰ bxwZi
N DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘L’ msÕ©vwUi mvG^ OIC (Organization wfwîGZ weGk¼i mKj ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ mnGhvwMZv I
mÁcÉxwZi gGbvfve MGo ZzGjGQ ‰es fwelÅGZI MGo ZzjGe|
for Islamic co-operation) ‰i mv`†kÅ AvGQ| evsjvG`k 1972 mvGji Rvbyqvwi gvGm eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ivngvb
1974 mvGj IAvBwmi m`mÅc` jvf KGi| IAvBwmi ˆNvlYv KGib, “c†w^exi mKj RvwZi mvG^ e®¬y&Z½ I
m`mÅc` evsjvG`kGK wewf®² gymwjg ˆ`Gki Õ¼xK‡wZ ARÆb ‰es mnGhvwMZvB AvgvG`i ŠeG`wkK bxwZi gƒjK^v| Avgiv
RvwZmsGNi m`mÅc`mn wewf®² msÕ©vi m`mÅc` jvGf mvnvhÅ evsjvG`kGK cÉvGPÅi myBRvijÅvG´£ cwiYZ KiGZ PvB|”
KGiGQ| h«y ¬wea»Õ¦ evsjvG`Gki cƒbMÆVGb ˆZjmg†«¬ gymwjg
ˆ`kàGjvi Ae`vb wQj AcwiGgq| ÷i‚ ˆ^GK evsjvG`k I M DóxcGKi m KjvGg cÉ`î msÕ©vwU cvV eBGqi
AvBwmi wewf®² KgÆKvG´£ mwKÌq AskMÉnb KGi AvmGQ|
IAvBwmi wewf®² Aã msMVb I KwgwUGZ evsjvG`k mwKqÌ SAARC (mvKÆ) msÕ©vi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| `wÞY ‰kxq
fzwgKv cvjb KiGQ|evsjvG`k 16 m`mÅ wewkÓ¡ Avj- Kz`g AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv nGjv (mvKÆ) ‰i DGókÅ mgƒn njt-
KwgwUi AbÅZg m`mÅ| ‰QvovI AbÅvbÅ mKj Õ©vqx KwgwUi 1. A^Æ‹bwZK I mvgvwRK AMÉMwZi gvaÅGg mvKÆfzÚ
m`mÅ| 1983 mvGj XvKvq AbywÓ¤Z OIC ‰i 5w`b eÅvcx
ciivÓ¡Èg¯¨x mGÁÃjb evsjvG`Gki mvG^ gmy wjg weGk¼i mÁ·ÆKGK ˆ`kàGjvi RMGbi RxeGbi gGbvbqb Kiv|
AviI `†p KGi| IAvBwmi AbÅZg cÉhywÚMZ cÉwZÓ¤vb islamic 2. mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ AvñwbfÆikxjZv ARGbi jGÞÅ
university of technology (IUT) evsjvG`Gki MvRxcyGi
AewÕ©Z| evsjvG`k IAvBwmGZ Miy ‚Z½cƒYÆ fzwgKv ivLvi ˆhŒ^ Õ¼wbfÆiZvGK D®²Z I ˆRvi`vi Kiv|
cvkvcvwk ‰i m`mÅ ˆ`kàGjvi KvQ ˆ^GK wewf®² mnGhvwMZv 3. mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi gaÅKvi weivRgvb mgmÅv, «¼±`, weGiva
jvvGf I mg^Æ nGqGQ| IDB evsjvG`kGK FY mnvqZv
w`GœQ| A^Æ‹bwZK mnGhvwMZv QvovI wkÞv, mvgvwRK I wbimb KGi cviÕ·vwiK AvÕ©v, kÉÓ¡v I mgvGjvPbv e†w«¬
mvsÕ•‡wZK ˆÞGò evsjvG`k IAvBwmf„Ú ˆ`kàGjvi Kiv|
mnGhvwMZv jvf KiGQ| IAvBwmf„Ú ˆ`kàGjvi evsjvG`k 4. mvKÆfyÚ ivÓ¡ÈmgƒGni A^Æ‹bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvsÕ•‡wZK,
RbkwÚ iµ¦vbx KGi cÉPzi ŠeG`wkK gy`Ëv ARÆb KiGQ| cÉhywÚMZ I ŠeævwbK AMÉMwZi RbÅ ˆhŒ^fvGe cwiK͸bv
myZivs evsjvG`k IAvBwmi m`mÅ jvf Kivi ci ˆ^GK ‰i cÉbqb I evÕ¦evqb Kiv|
bxwZ I DG`kÅ evÕ¦evqGb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGi 5. cviÕ·vwiK mÁ·KÆ MGo ˆZvjvi gvaÅGg mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞò
AvmGQ| mÁ·Ëmvib
6. weGk¼i AbÅvbÅ Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi mvG^ cviÕ·vwiK
cÉk² 4 mnGhvwMZv mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb|
7. AbÅvbÅ D®²qbkxj ˆ`Gki mvG^ mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ Kiv|
M msÕ©v N msÕ©v 8. mvKÆfyÚ ˆ`kàGjv mveÆGfŒgZ½, ˆfŒMwjK AeÕ©v BZÅvw`
welGq cÉwZwU ivÓ¡È ivR‹bwZK Õ¼vaxbZvi bxwZ ˆgGb PjGe
* m`mÅ msLÅv-08 * 1945 mvGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z ‰es ‰GK AGbÅi Afů¦ixY welGq nÕ¦GÞc KiGebv|
mvKÆ cÉwZÓ¤vi ÷i‚ ˆ^GKB evsjvG`k ‰ DGókÅmgƒn evÕ¦evqGbi
* 1985 mvGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z * m`i `µ¦i wbDBqKÆ DG`ÅvM MÉnb KGi|

* m`i `µ¦i - KvVgvíy *m`mÅ weGk¼i Õ¼vaxb ivÓ¡Çmgƒn N DóxcGK ewYÆZ N KjvGgi msÕ©vwU Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©v

 wkLbdj: 2 I 11 [wm. ˆev. 2016] RvwZmsGNi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ RvwZmsGNi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki
mÁ·KÆ AZů¦ wbweo| evsjvG`k 1974 mvGji 17 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i
K. OIC-‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1 RvwZmsGNi 136Zg m`mÅ`c` jvf KGi| ÷i‚ ˆ^GKB
evsjvG`k RvwZmsN mb` Abyhvqx weGk¼i wewf®² RvwZi gGaÅ
L. ‘mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ KvGiv mvG^ kò‚Zv bq’- DwÚwU kvw¯¦, ˆmŒnvóÆÅ I mÁ·ËxwZi mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcGb KvR KGi hvGœQ|
hy«¬ wea»Õ¦ evsjvG`Gki cƒbeÆvmb, wkÞv, Õ¼vÕ©Å, K‡wÓ¡,
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆhvMvGhvM cÉf‡wZ ˆÞGò RvwZmsN mvnvhÅ I mnGhvwMZv
KiGQ| ZvB evsjvG`Gki mvG^ RvwZmsGNi mÁ·KÆ AweGœQ`Å|
M. DóxcGKi 'M' KjvGg cÉ`î msÕ©vi DGókÅmgƒn RvwZmsGNi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki mÁ·GKiÆ wewf®² w`K ZzGj aiv
njt-
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 1. RvwZmsGNi wewf®² msÕ©vi m`mÅ c` jvft evsjvG`k
RvwZmsGNi ˆhme msÕ©vi m`mÅ ˆmàGjvi gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
N. DóxcGKi 'N' KjvGg cÉ`î msÕ©vi mvG^ nGjv-

evsjvG`Gki mÁ·KÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4

4bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K OIC-‰i cƒYÆi…c nGœQ Organization of Islamic Co-

operation.

L evsjvG`k msweavGbi 25 bs AbyGœQG` ivGÓ¡Èi ŠeG`wkK

bxwZi wfwî ev gƒj ŠewkÓ¡Å mÁ·GKÆ BwãZ cÉ`vb Kiv nGqGQ|
evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi AbÅZg ‰KwU ŠewkÓ¡Å nj-

4  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

K) Av¯¦RÆvwZK gy`Ëv Znwej| mÁ¿e| eÅemv evwYRÅ I ˆhvMvGhvGMi ˆÞGò D®q² b mvab KGi
L) Av¯¦RvwZK kÉg msÕ©v M) BD‰b‰dwc‰ N) BDGbGÕ•v O) AvçwjK mnGhvwMZvi ˆÞòGK kwÚkvjx Kiv mvGKÆi AbÅZg
wek¼ Õ¼vÕ©Å msÕ©v P) BDwbGmd P) BD‰bwWwc Q) wek¼ Lv`Å jÞÅ|
msÕ©v ‰mKj msÕ©v evsjvG`Gki wewf®² ˆÞGò D®q² Gb Ae`vb 2. mveÆGfŒgZ½ I msnwZweavb t mvKÆf„Ú 8 wU ˆ`k cviÕ·wiK
ˆiGLGQ| mveÆGfŒgZ½ I ˆfŒGMvwjK AL´£Zvi bxwZ cÉf‡wZ ˆgGb PjGe ‰es
2. mn-mfvcwZi `vwqZ½ cvjbt 1975 mvGj mvaviY cwilG`i ‰GK AGbÅi Afů¦ixY welGq nÕG¦ Þc bv Kivi bxwZGZ AUj
30Zg evsjvG`k 17 Rb mn-mfvcwZi AbÅZg m`mÅ ^vKGe|
wbeÆvwPZ nq| ‰ mfvq evsjvG`k `wÞY ‰wkqvGK “cvigvbweK
AÕ¨gyÚ Açj wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤vi `vwe Rvbvq| M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msMVb nGjv RvwZmsN| ‰i ‰KwU
3. wbivcîv cwilG` AÕ©vqx m`mÅc` jvft 1978 I 2000- ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ AãmsÕ©v nGjv wbivcîv cwil`|
2001 mvGj evsjvG`k RvwZmsN wbivcîv cwilG`i AÕ©vqx
m`mÅ c` jvf KGi| 5 Rb Õ©vqx ‰es 10 Rb AÕ©vqx m`mÅivÓ¡È wbGq wbivcîv
4. mfvcwZi c`t 1986-1987 ˆgqvG` mvaviY cwilG`i cwil` MwVZ| ‰ cwilG`i Õ©vqx m`mÅ ivÓ¡ÈàGjv nGjv-
AwaGekb evsjvG`k mfvcwZi ghÆv`v jvf KGi| hyÚivÓ¡È, hyÚivRÅ, ivwkqv, dÌv´Ö I Pxb| AbÅ `kRb AÕ©vqx
5. 1988 mvGj evsjvG`k ˆmbvevwnbx UNIMOG-‰i gvaÅGg m`mÅ `yB eQGii RbÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb| cuvPwU Õ©vqx m`mÅ ivGÓ¡Èi
RvwZmsGNi kvw¯¦iÞv wgkb ÷i‚ KGi| RvwZmsN kvw¯¦iÞx ‘ˆfGUv’ ÞgZv iGqGQ| ZvG`i ˆh ˆKD ˆfGUv cÉ`vb KGi ˆh
evwnbxGZ ˆmbvm`mÅ ˆcÉiYKvix ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ evsjvG`k ˆKvb cÉÕ¦veˆK evwZj KGi w`GZ cvGi| wbivcîv cwilG`i
kxlÆÕ©vb `Lj KGi AvGQ| myZivs RvwZmsGNi mvG^ cÉv^wgK KvR nGjv weGk¼i kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv iÞv Kiv| ‰
evsjvG`Gki mÁ·KÆ AZů¦ gayi, Mfxi ‰es mywbweo| cwil` kvw¯¦ bÓ¡Kvix ˆ`Gki wei‚G«¬ A^Æ‹bwZK I K„U‹bwZK
eÅeÕ©v MÉnY KiGZ cvGi| me cÉGPÓ¡v eÅ^Æ nGj wbivcîv
cÉk²5 hyG«¬i Awfkvc ˆ^GK gyÚ KGi wek¼eÅvcx Õ©vqx cwil` mvgwiK kwÚ cÉGqvM KiGZ cvGi| ‰ cwilG` cÉwZ
gvGmi RbÅ ‰KRb KGi mfvcwZ wbeÆvwPZ nb|
kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv cÉwZÓ¤vi jGÞÅ cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq ‰KwU Av¯¦RÆvwZK
N DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msMVb nGjv RvwZmsN| ‰GK AwaKZi
msMVb, hvi m`i `µ¦i hyÚivGÓ¡Ç| eZÆgvGb 193wU Õ¼vaxb I KvhKÆ i Kivi RbÅ ˆhme c`GÞc ˆbIqv hvq Zv wbGÁ² eÅvLÅv
Kiv nGjvt
Õ¼veÆGfŒg ivÓ¡Ç ‰ msMVGbi m`mÅ| wek¼eÅvcx Õ²vqyhyG«¬i 1. wbivcîv cwil`GK mÁ·ËmviY Kiv| ‰GK AwaKZi

Aemvb, ˆUKmB D®²qb, MYZG¯¨i D®²qb, `yGhÆvM ˆgvKvwejv cÉwZwbwaZ½kxj KGi ˆZvjv|
2. wbivcîv cwil`GK AvGiv Revew`wngƒjK KGi AwaKZi
QvovI Õ¼vÕ©Å I Lv`Å wbivcîv weavGb msÕ©vwUi f„wgKv AZů¦
MYZvw¯¨K Kiv|
ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| ‰ msMVGbi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki mÁ·KÆ AweGœQ`Å| 3. msMVbwUi gnvmwPeGK AvGiv ˆewk ÞgZv cÉ`vb Kiv|
4. wbivcîv cwilG`i Õ©vqx m`mÅc` I ˆfvGUv cÉ`vGbi
gƒjZ Av¯¦RÆvwZK kvw¯¦ I mÁ·ÉxwZ iÞvi jGÞÅ cÉGqvRbxq
ÞgZv iwnZ Kiv|
mKj KvR ‰ msÕ©vwU KiGjI wewf®² ˆÞGò ‰i eÅ^ÆZvI 5. mvaviY cwilG`i ÞgZvGK e†w«¬ Kiv|
6. ˆhŒ^ wbivcîvi ˆÞGò RvwZmsGNi f„wgKv e†w«¬ Kiv|
iGqGQ|  wkLbdj: 10 [e. ˆev. 2016] 7. Av¯¦RÆvwZK kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv iÞvi RbÅ RvwZmsGNi

K. EU-i cƒYÆi…c wjL| 1 wbRÕ¼ Õ©vqx kvw¯¦iÞx evwnbx MVb Kiv ‰Kv¯¦ `iKvi|
8. RvwZmsGNi Avw^ÆK mœQjZvi RbÅ cÉGZÅK m`mÅ ivÓ¡ÈGK
L. mvGKiÆ `ywU DGókÅ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
PjwZ A^Æ eQGi A^Æ w`GZ evaÅ Kiv|
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msMVbwUi ‰KwU ài‚Zc½ ƒYÆ 9. RvwZmsGNi A^Æ‹bwZK I mvgvwRK cwilG`i KgÆaviv

AãmsÕ©vi mÁ·GKÆ eYÆbv KGiv| 3 cÉmvwiZ Kiv DwPZ|
10. RvwZmsN mwPevjGq KgÆPvix wbGqvGMi ˆÞGò weGk¼i
N. DwÍÏwLZ msMVbGK AwaKZi KvhÆKi Kivi RbÅ Kx
wewf®² Açj ˆ^GK wK cwigvY m`mÅ wbGqvM Kiv `iKvi
Kx c`GÞc ˆbqv hvq Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 Zvi myÕ·Ó¡ weavb ^vKv DwPZ|

5bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K EU-‰i cƒYiÆ …c nGjv European Union|

L mvGKiÆ `ywU DGókÅ wbGÁ² eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv t

1. AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv t mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ
cviÕ·wiK mymÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb KGi mnGhvwMZvi e®¬bGK `†p I
cÉmvwiZ Kiv mvGKiÆ AbÅZg DGókÅ| KviY cviÕ·wiK
mnGhvwMZvi gGaÅ w`Gq mvKÆfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi D®²qb NUvGbv

cixÞvq Kgb ˆcGZ AbbÅ cÉGkv² îi

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mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb, msiÞY I mÁ·ÉmviGYi jGÞÅ weGk¼i cÉwZwU Kiv nGjv@
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K. SAARC-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1 nGqGQ|
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Kxi…c? 2 ewnweÆGk¼i Õ¼xK‡wZ ‰es ˆ`k cybMÆVGbi RbÅ A^Æ‹bwZK mvnvhÅ
Av`vq| 1972 mvGji 11 Rvbqy vwi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb bxwZi cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ? DÚ ingvb ˆNvlYv KiGjb Friendship to all malice to none
A^Ævr mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ½ KviI mvG^ ŠewiZv bq| ‰B DwÚi
bxwZi Õ¼i…c eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 gGaÅB evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZi gƒj ZvrchÆ wbwnZ| ‰Kw`GK
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evsjvG`Gki ‰ bxwZi AbymiY AZů¦ ˆhŒwÚK ‰es
6bs cÉGk²i Dîi evÕ¦emÁÃZ|

K SAARC-‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv South Asian Association for
Regional Co-operation|

L wek¼eÅvcx msNvZ wbimGb RvwZmsGNi kvw¯¦iÞv evwnbxGZ
evsjvG`k mvdGjÅi mvG^ `vwqZ½ cvjb KGi AvmGQ| evsjvG`k
ˆmbvevwnbx 1988 mvj ˆ^GK kvw¯¦iÞv evwnbxGZ AskMÉnY
KGi AvmGQ| ‰ chƯ¦ evsjvG`k 28wU kvw¯¦iÞv wgkGb
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ARÆGbi jÞÅGK mvgGb ˆiGL Aci ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^ ŠeG`wkK wkLbdj-10
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6 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

7bs cÉGk²i Dîi evGRU cvm, m`mÅ ivGÓ¡Çi Puv`vi cwigvY wbaÆviY, wewf®²
msÕ©vi m`mÅ wbeÆvPb, AbÅvbÅ msÕ©vi evwlÆK wiGcvUÆ
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Av¯¦RÆvwZK kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv wewN³Z nGZ cvGi ‰ aiGbi
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msLÅv 53| cwil` AwaK ÞgZvkxj|

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MÉnY KiGZ cvGi| wbivcîv cwil` kvw¯¦ wec®²Kvix ˆ`Gki
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me cÉGPÓ¡v eÅ^Æ nGj wbivcîv cwil` mvgwiK kwÚ cÉGqvM
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msÕ©vi cÉavb KvR| hv RvwZmsGNi Aã msMVb wbivcîv
cwil`GK wbG`Æk KGi| 8bs cÉGk²i Dîi

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Avwg gGb Kwi|
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mvaviY cwilG`i m`mÅ nGZ cvGi| wbivcîv cwilG`i 5wU gymwjg wek¼ cwøg cvwKÕ¦vbGK mg^Æb KGiwQj eGj cÉ^g cuvP
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KGi| ‰B ˆcÉÞvcGU cvwKÕ¦vb evsjvG`kGK Õ¼xK‡wZ ˆ`q ‰es
IAvBwm evsjvG`kGK m`mÅ KGi ˆbq|

M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ my`vb I `vidzGii gGaÅ weev` gxgvsmvq
wek¼msÕ©vwUi wbivcîv cwil` KvR KGi ^vGK| A
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wbÓ·wî Kiv| ‰ ˆPÓ¡v eÅ^Æ nGj cwil` mvgwiK kwÚ cÉGqvMI

evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZ 7

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DGóGkÅ wVK Kiv nq, Zvi gGaÅ AbÅZg `ywU DGóGkÅ nGjv@ A
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D®²qb ‰es
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ˆmB jGÞÅB KvR KiGQ RvwZmsN| ˆKvGbv ivGÓ¡Çi mvG^ AbÅ cyGivcywi mGPZb| eZÆgvb weGk¼i AwaKvsk ˆ`k Õ¼v^ÆMZ
‰K ev ‰KvwaK ivGÓ¡Çi weGiva ˆ`Lv w`Gj ‰ msÕ©vwU KviGY bvbv aiGbi «¼±«-¼ msNvGZ RwoZ| ‰me ˆ`k hw` kwÚ
AvGjvPbv I gaÅÕ©Zvi gvaÅGg wbÓ·wîi eÅeÕ©v KGi| cÉGqvM bxwZ cwinvi KGi evsjvG`Gki gGZv kvw¯¦cƒYÆ
RvwZmsN AvMÉvmx I kvw¯¦fãKvix ivGÓ¡Ìi wei‚G«¬ A^Æ‹bwZK I mnveÕ©vb bxwZ MÉnY KGi ZGe ˆ`Gki ÞqÞwZ QvovB ‰KwU
K„U‹bwZK AeGiva AvGivc KiGZ cvGi| ZvQvov msMVbwUi DchyÚ I KvhÆKi mgvavb ˆcGZ cvGi|
wbivcîv cwil` ˆMvjGhvM I h«y ¬ eG®¬i RbÅ kvw¯¦iÞx evwnbx
ˆgvZvGqb KiGZ cvGi| N ‘mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ KviI mvG^ kò‚Zv bq’@ ‰ bxwZi
RvwZmsN wewf®² RvwZi gGaÅ e®¬yZ½cƒYÆ mÁ·KÆ cÉwZÓ¤v I eRvq wfwîGZ R®Âj™² ˆ^GKB evsjvG`k weGk¼i mKj ˆ`Gki mvG^
ivLGZ cÉGPÓ¡v Pvwjq| ‰Qvov ‰wU Av¯¦RÆvwZK AvBGbi gvaÅGg e®¬yZ½, mnGhvwMZv I mÁcÉxwZi gGbvfve MGo ZzGjGQ|
kvw¯¦cƒYÆ DcvGq Av¯¦RÆvwZK weGiva gxgvsmv ‰es `wi`Ë evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡È bxwZi gƒjK^v nGjv mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ,½
RbGMvÓ¤xi Rxebhvòvi gvb D®²qGb mnvqZv KGi| msMVbwU ‰ KviI mvG^ kò‚Zv bq| AvqZGb Þz`Ë, mgmÅv cxwoZ ‰es
me KvhKÆ ÌGgi gvaÅGg weGk¼i me ivGÓ¡Çi gGaÅ e®¬yZ½cƒYÆ mÁ·KÆ D®²qbKvgx ˆ`k wnGmGe evsjvG`Gki ‰B bxwZ AbymiY AZů¦
eRvq ivLGZ mwKqÌ f„wgKv cvjb KGi| ˆhŒwÚK ‰es evÕ¦emÁÃZ|
evsjvG`k mvgËvRÅev`, DcwbGekev`, beÅ@DcwbGekev`,
DcGii AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, DóxcGKi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ mÁcÉmviYev` I eYÆ‹elgÅevG`i weGivwaZv Kiv weGk¼i meÆò
msÕ©v A^Ævr RvwZmsN weGk¼i me ivGÓ¡Çi gGaÅ e®¬yZc½ ƒYÆ wbcxwoZ gvbyGli bÅvqmsMZ msMÉvgGK meÆ`v mg^Æb KGi|
mÁ·KÆ m†wÓ¡i RbÅ KvR KiGQ| evsjvG`k mKj ivGÓ¡Èi mvG^ mveÆGfŒgZ½ I mgghvÆ `vi bxwZGZ
wek¼vmx| ˆKvGbv ivÓ¡È evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv I mveÆGfŒgGZ½
cÉk² 9 mnKvix AaÅvcK Rbve ˆgv. ˆgvÕ¦vwdRyi ingvb ‰K nÕ¦GÞc Ki‚K ‰Uv ˆhgb cÉZÅvkv KGi bv, ˆZgwb AbÅ ˆKvGbv
ivGÓ¡Èi mveÆGfŒgGZ½ ˆKD AvNvZ AvbyK ‰UvI Kvgbv KGi bv|
ˆmwgbvGi eGjb, eZÆgvb hyM Av¯¦RÆvwZKZvi hMy | ‰ hyGM evsjvG`k Zvi ŠeG`wkK bxwZ cÉYqGb weGk¼i mKj ivGÓ¡Èi
mvG^ kvw¯¦cƒYÆ mnveÕ©vGbi bxwZGZ wek¼vm KGi| `wÞY ‰kxq
ˆKvGbv ivGÓ¡Çi cGÞ ‰KKfvGe Pjv mÁe¿ bq| mKGji mvG^ AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv msÕ©v mvGKiÆ i…cKvi evsjvG`k|
evsjvG`k mKj gymwjg ˆ`Gki mvG^ e®¬yGZ½i mÁ·KÆ cÉwZÓ¤vq
e®¬yZ½, KviI mvG^ kò‚Zv bq’@ ‰ bxwZi wfwîGZ R¯Ãj™² AZů¦ AvMÉnx|
AvGjvPbv ˆkGl ejv hvq, Afů¦ixY mg†w«¬ ‰es AvçwjK I
ˆ^GKB evsjvG`kI weGk¼i mKj ˆ`Gki mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ m«¿ve, Av¯¦RÆvwZK mnGhvwMZv AÞzY³ ivLvi jGÞÅ evsjvG`k ‘mKGji
mvG^ e®¬Zy ½ KviI mvG^ kòZ‚ v bq’ bxwZGZ wek¼vmx|
mnGhvwMZv I mÁ·ÉxwZi gGbvfve MGo ZzGjGQ| wkLbdj-1

K. OIC-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1

L. mvGKiÆ `ywU DGókÅ eYÆbv KGiv| 2

M. DóxcGK ˆh bxwZ mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv Kiv nGqGQ Zvi

Õ¼i…c weGkÏlY KGiv| 3

N. ‘mKGji mvG^ e®¬yZ,½ KviI mvG^ kò‚Zv bq’@

DwÚwUi evÕ¦eZv evsjvG`Gki ˆcÉÞvcGU weGkÏlY

KGiv| 4

9bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K OIC-‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv@ Organisation of Islamic
Cooperation|

8 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk² 10 weËwUk DcwbGewkK kvmb ˆ^GK gyÚ Õ¼vaxb I D®q² b Kivi RbÅ MwVZ nq weËwUk KgbIGqj^ Ae ˆbkb
(British Commonwealth of Nations)| msMVbwU 1949
mveÆGfŒg ivÓ¡Ç wbGq 1950 mvGj ‰KwU ˆÕ¼œQvGmex msMVb hvòv mvGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGq KvhKÆ Ìg cwiPvjbv KGi AvmGQ| weËGUGbi
ivRv ev ivwb KgbIGqjG^i cÉavb| ‰i m`i`µ¦i j´£Gb
÷i‚ KGi| Õ¼vaxbZvi cGi evsjvG`kI DÚ msMVGbi m`mÅc` AewÕ©Z| cÉwZ `yB eQi cici m`mÅfzÚ ˆ`kàGjvi miKvi
cÉavbG`i mGÁÃjb AbywÓ¤Z nq|
jvf KGi| m`mÅ ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ ˆhvMvGhvM iÞvi gvaÅGg KgbIGqjG^i cÉavb jÞÅ nGjv weËGUb I ‰i Õ¼vaxb
DcwbGekàGjvi gGaÅ bƒbÅZg mÁ·KÆ iÞv Kiv| ‰B mÁ·KÆ
cviÕ·wiK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ Kiv-B msÕ©vwUi gƒj jÞÅ| aGi ivLvi gvaÅGg m`mÅ ivÓ¡ÇàGjvi Av^-Æ mvgvwRK,
mvsÕ•‡wZK I ivR‹bwZK D®²qGb KvR KGi| wkÞv, weævb I
wkLbdj-8 I 9 cÉhywÚi Av`vb-cÉ`vGb mnvqZvi gvaÅGg m`mÅ ˆ`kàGjvi gGaÅ
cviÕ·wiK mgGSvZv I kÉ«¬v e†w«¬ KivB nGœQ ‰i DGókÅ|
K. OIC-‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1
N DóxcGK wbG`ÆkK‡Z msMVbwUi gƒjbxwZ iÞvq evsjvG`k
L. wek¼ kvw¯¦ iÞvi Av¯¦RÆvwZK cÉwZÓ¤vb mÁ·GKÆ wjL| 2 meÆ`v mwKÌq f„wgKv cvjb KGi hvGœQ eGj Avwg gGb Kwi|
Õ¼vaxbZv jvGfi ciciB 1972 mvGj evsjvG`k KgbIGqjG^i
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆÕ¼œQvGmex msMVbwUi KvhKÆ Ìg m`mÅc` jvf KGi| dGj evsjvG`k Õ¼vaxb nIqvi ci ˆ^GKB
KgbIGqjG^i mvG^ evsjvG`Gki NwbÓ¤ mÁ·KÆ ŠZwi nq|
eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 gywÚhGy «¬i mgq weËGUGbi cÉPvi gvaÅgàGjv wewf®²fvGe
evsjvG`Gki cGÞ RbgZ m†wÓ¡ KGiwQj| weËGUb wQj ewnweÆGk¼
N. DÚ msMVbwUi gƒjbxwZ iÞvq evsjvG`Gki f„wgKv gywÚh«y ¬Kvjxb evsjvG`k miKvGii cGÞ cÉPviKvhÆ cwiPvjbvi
cÉavb ˆK±`Ê| KgbIGqj^fzÚ wewf®² ˆ`k Lv`Å, eÕ¨, Jla,
KZUzKz mwKÌq eGj Zwz g gGb Ki? hywÚmn wjL| 4 AvkÉq `vb KGiwQj|
evsjvG`Gki cÉwZ D`vi gGbvfve I e®¬yZ½cƒYÆ mÁ·GKÆi KviGY
10bs cÉGk²i Dîi Õ¼vaxbZvi ciciB evsjvG`k KgbIGqjG^i m`mÅ c^ jvf
KGi| ‰KwbÓ¤ m`mÅ wnGmGe evsjvG`k ‰i cÉwZwU mGÁÃjGb
K OIC-‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv Organisation of Islamic Co- AskMÉnY KGi| ‰i bxwZ I KvhÆKÌg evÕ¦evqGb Av¯¦wiKfvGe
mnGhvwMZv KGi| KjGÁ¼v cwiK͸bv evÕ¦evqb Kivi RbÅ
operation. evsjvG`k mnGhvwMZv KGi ^vGK|

L wek¼ kvw¯¦, k†›Ljv I wbivcîv wbwøZ Kivi DGóGkÅ MwVZ cwiGkGl ejv hvq, evsjvG`k KgbIGqjG^i gƒjbxwZ
Av¯¦RÆvwZK cÉwZÓ¤vb nGjv RvwZmsN| evÕ¦evqGb mwKÌq f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ|
1920 mvGj MwVZ jxM Ae ˆbkbm ev RvwZcyGéi wek¼ kvw¯¦
cÉwZÓ¤vi eÅ^ÆZv ‰es 1939 mvGj ÷i‚ nIqv w«¼Zxq wek¼ hyG«¬i
fqvenZvq wek¼evwm mswKZ nGq cGo| wek¼kvw¯¦ I
mnGhvwMZvi gnvb jÞÅ wbGq 1945 mvGj RvwZmsN hvòv ÷i‚
KGi| ˆKvGbv ivGÓ¡Çi mvG^ AbÅ ‰K ev ‰KvwaK ivGÓ¡Çi weGiva
ˆ`Lv w`Gj ‰ msÕ©vwU AvGjvPbv I gaÅÕ©Zvi gvaÅGg
wbÓ·wîi eÅeÕ©v KGi|

M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Av¯¦RÆvwZK cÉwZÓ¤vb A^Ævr KgbIGqj^
Av¯¦RÆvwZK kvw¯¦ I k†›Ljv ‰es ˆUKmB cwiGek iÞvq wewf®²
KvhKÆ Ìg cwiPvjbv KGi|
‰K mgq cÉvq mviv wek¼ weËwUk mvgËvRÅfzÚ wQj| chÆvqKÌGg
wewf®² ˆ`k Õ¼vaxbZv jvf KGi| ˆhme ˆ`k ev ivÓ¡Ç weËwUk
DcwbGewkK kvmbfzÚ wQj ZvG`i gGaÅ cviÕ·wiK mÁ·KÆ

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk² M. wkÞGKi gGZ ˆh KviGY evsjvG`k OIC’i m`mÅc`

cÉk² 11 ˆkÉwYKGÞ Zvwnqv eGjwQGjb, ‰KwU weGkl NUbvGK MÉnY KGi Zv eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

ˆK±`Ê KGi OIC MVb Z½ivw®¼Z nGqwQj| Õ¼vaxbZvi ci ciB N. wkÞGKi meÆGkl g¯¦eÅ weGkÏlY Ki| 4

evsjvG`k OIC’i m`mÅc` jvGfi ˆPÓ¡v KGi AeGkGl ‰i

m`mÅc` jvf KGi| evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZi gƒj jGÞÅi

mvG^ OIC’i jGÞÅi wgj ^vKvi KviGYB evsjvG`k ‰

m`mÅc` MÉnY KGi ‰es msÕ©vi wewf®² KvGR ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ f„wgKv

cvjb KGi AvmGQ| dGj evsjvG`kI bvbvfvGe jvfevb nGœQ|

wkLbdj-4 I 5 [miKvwi ivGR±`Ê KGjR, dwi`cyi]

K. evsjvG`k OIC’i m`mÅc` jvf KGi KGe? 1

L. ˆKvb weGkl NUbvi ˆcÉwÞGZ OIC’i MVb Z½ivw®¼Z

nGqwQj? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 1

`kg AaÅvq

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGkv² îi

cÉk² 1 wg. ‘R’ ‰KRb eÅemvqx| wZwb cÉwZw`b Zvi cGYÅ LvIqvGœQ gvòvwZwiÚ BDwiqv mvi I ˆmvWv| LvG`Å cÉwZwbqZ
‰ ˆfRvGji `i‚b meGPGq ˆewk SzuwKcƒYÆ AeÕ©vGb AvGQ
wewf®² aiGbi ÞwZKi ivmvqwbK c`vG^iÆ eÅenvi KGib| wk÷iv| ˆfRvj ‰me Lvevi ˆLGj gvbyGli dzmdzGmi
KvhÞÆ gZv bÓ¡ nGq ˆhGZ cvGi| wewf®² aiGbi KÅv´Övi,
‰Kevi övgÅgvY Av`vjZ ZvGK ÞwZKi ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ AÅvRgv, A®¬Z½mn bvbv ˆivGMi weÕ¦vi NUGZ cvGi|

eÅenvGii RbÅ RwigvbvI KGi| AwZ gybvdvi ˆjvGf wZwb

ˆRGb÷Gb bvMwiK mgmÅvi m†wÓ¡ KGiGQb|

 wkLbdj: 7 I 9 [Xv. ˆev. 2016] N DóxcGK ewYÆZ bvMwiK mgmÅv ejGZ ‘LvG`Å ˆfRvj’ ‰i

K. AIDS ‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1 K^v ˆevSvGbv nGqGQ| ‰B bvMwiK mgmÅv wbimbKG͸ Avgvi
mycvwik wbGP DGÍÏL Kiv nGjv@
L. weGkl Pvwn`vi RbGMvÓ¤x Kviv? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 1. miKvwifvGe ˆRjvwfwîK wbqwgZ ˆfRvj LvG`Åi wei‚G«¬

M. DóxcGK DwjwLZ wg. ‘R’ ‰i KgÆKví ˆKvb Awfhvb cwiPvjbv Kiv|
2. gybvdvGjvfx eÅemvqxG`i `gGb mr I ˆhvMÅ ˆjvGKi nvGZ
mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆbZZ‡ ½ cÉ`vb KiGZ nGe|
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ bvMwiK mgmÅv wbimbKG͸ ˆZvgvi
3. LvG`Å ˆfRvjweGivax Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi RbÅ Õ¼Z¯¨ ‰KwU
mycvwik ˆjL| 4 Awa`µ¦i MVb Kiv|

1bs cÉGk²i Dîi 4. ˆfRvjweGivax KGVvi AvBb cÉYqb Kiv I Zvi h^vh^

K AIDS ‰i cƒYÆi…c nGjv- Acquired Immune Deficiency cÉGqvM Kiv|
5. LvG`Å ˆfRvGji ÞwZKi w`KàGjv mÁ·GKÆ weævcGbi
Syndrome.
gvaÅGg RbMGYi gvGS QwoGq ˆ`Iqv|
L eZÆgvb mgGq cÉwZe®¬xG`i ˆevSvGbvi RbÅ eüj eÅen†Z 6. cÉGZÅK evRvGi ˆKZÌ vG`i RbÅ AwfGhvM eÝ Õ©vcb KGi
BsGiwR kõ nGœQ ‘ Person with Special Needs’. ‰i evsjv
cÉwZkõ nGjv ‘weGkl Pvwn`vi RbGMvÓ¤x’| ZvG`i AwfGhvGMi wfwîGZ h^vh^ eÅeÕ©v wbGZ nGe|

mvaviYfvGe ejv nq, hvi gvGS cÉwZe®¬KZv weivRgvb wZwbB 7. LvG`Å ˆfRvj Avi ÞwZKviK ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ
cÉwZe®¬x; ˆm cÉwZe®¬KZv hZ mvgvbÅB ˆnvK bv ˆKb| cÉGqvMKvixG`iGK kvwÕ¦i cwigvY evovGZ nGe ‰es Avw^ÆK
cÉK‡ZcGÞ AmyGL, `yNÆUbvq, wPwKrmv ò‚wU ev R¯ÃMZfvGe hw` Rwigvbvi weavb KiGZ nGe|
ˆKvGbv eÅwÚi kvixwiK ev gvbwmK AeÕ©v ÞwZMÉÕ¦ nIqvi
gvaÅGg KgÆÞgZv AvswkK ev mÁ·ƒYfÆ vGe ˆjvc cvq A^ev 8. ŠbwZK I agÆxq wkÞvi weÕ¦vi NUvGZ nGe|
ZzjbvgƒjKfvGe Kg nq ZvnGj ˆmB eÅwÚGK cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚ DcwiDÚ mycvwikmgƒGni gvaÅGg LvG`Å ˆfRvGji cÉwZKvi
ejv nq| cvIqv mÁ¿e eGj Avwg gGb Kwi|

M DóxcGK DwjwLZ wg. ‘R’ ‰i KgÆKví bvMwiK mgmÅv cÉk²2 evkvi mvGne ‰KwU LÅvZbvgv cÉwZÓ¤vGb KgÆiZ|

‘LvG`Å ˆfRvj’ˆK wbG`Æk KGi| wbGP welqwU eÅvLÅv Kiv wZwb Zvi ÞgZvi ˆRvGi cwievGii AGbK m`mÅGK DÚ

nGjv@ cÉwZÓ¤vGb PvKwi ˆ`b| Zvi ‰ AbÅvq bxwZi KviGY AGbK
eZÆgvGb mvivG`Gk LvG`Å ˆfRvj ‰K gnvgvwi AvKvi aviY
KGiGQ| evRvGi me aiGbi djgƒj, ZwiZiKvwi, gvQ, gvsm ˆgavex ‰ cÉwZÓ¤vGb PvKwi ˆ^GK ewçZ nq|
‰es `yGa bvbviKg welvÚ ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ hyÚ KGi wewKÌ
KiGQ| ˆhgbwU AvGjvPÅ DóxcGK jÞ Kiv hvq| DóxcGK wg.  wkLbdj: 5 I 6 [Xv. ˆev. 2016]
‘R’ eÅemvqx cÉwZw`b Zvi cGYÅ wewf®² aiGbi ÞwZKi
ivmvqwbK c`vG^Æi eÅenvi KGib| ˆhgb digvwjb, KveÆvBW K. wMÉb nvDR MÅvm Kx? 1
BZÅvw`| cPbkxj `ËeÅGK Pov `vGg wewKÌ Kivi RbÅ ‰es ‰i
Õ©vwqZ½ evovGZ wZwb ‰àGjv KGib| wg. ‘R’ ‰i gGZv L. Šewk¼K Dúvqb ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
eÅemvqxiv mv`v wWg ˆKwgKÅvj w`Gq jvj KiGQ| ZigyR, mm
I ˆRwjGZ wgkvGœQ welvÚ is| ˆ`Gki AwaKvsk LvgvGi Mi‚GK M. evkvi mvGnGei KvhKÆ ÌGg mgvRRxeGbi ˆKvb

mgmÅvwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3

N. DóxcGK DwÍwÏ LZ mgmÅv cÉwZnZ KiGZ bvMwiK

mgvGRi KiYxq ˆZvgvi cvVÅmƒwPi AvGjvGK gƒjÅvqb

KGiv|

2 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

2bs cÉGk²i Dîi 9. cÉK‡Z MYZ¯¨ Z^v MYZvw¯¨K miKvi cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ nGe|
K KveÆb WvB- AÝvBW, wgG^b, bvBUÇvm AÝvBW cÉf‡wZ 10.ˆeZbfzÚ KgÆPvixG`iGK hywÚhÚy& ˆeZb-fvZv w`GZ nGe|
MÅvGmi mg¯¼Gq MwVZ MÅvmB nGjv wMÉb nvDR MÅvm| cwiGkGl ejv hvq ˆh, `ybÆxwZ ˆivGa DcwiDÚ mycvwik QvovI
gƒjÅGevGai weKvk ‰es agÆxq wkÞv cÉmvGii gvaÅGg `ybÆxwZi
L weGk¼ DúvqGbi nvi KÌgv¯¼Gq e†w«¬ cvIqvGK Šewk¼K fqvenZv AGbKvsGk KwgGq Avbv mÁ¿e|
Dúvqb ejv nq| c†w^exi Zvcgvòv MZ 100 eQGi cÉvq
`kwgK 74 wWwMÉ ˆeGoGQ| Avkâv Kiv nGœQ 2100 mvGji cÉk² 3 gvi‚d evRvi ˆ^GK ‰KwU i‚B gvQ wKGb AvGb| fzGj
gGaÅ c†w^exi Mo Zvcgvòv 1.1 wWwMÉ ˆ^GK 6.4 wWwMÉ chƯ¦
evoGe ‰es ˆmB mvG^ bvwZkxGZvú I welyeGiLv ˆ^GK `ƒieZÆx gvQwU wdÌGR bv ˆiGL ˆUweGj ˆiGL MÉvGgi evwo PGj hvq| wZb
AçGj cvwbi cÉvcÅZv ˆeGo hvGe| welyeGiLvi wbKUeZÆx I
gvSvgvwS Õ©vGb cvwbi cÉvcÅZv KGg hvGe| dGj ˆKvGbv w`b ci wdGi ‰Gm ˆ`GL ˆUweGj gvQ cGo AvGQ wK¯§ ‰KUzI
AçGj cÉjqâix ebÅvi Avkâv AGbK cÉKU nGe ‰es ˆKvGbv
Açj fqven Livi KeGj coGe| cuGPwb| ˆm AevK nq| ‰Lb ˆm evRvi ˆ^GK Avg, AvGcj ev

M evkvi mvGne ‰KwU LÅvZbvgv cÉwZÓ¤vGb KgÆiZ| wZwb Zvi AbÅ ˆKvGbv dj wKbGZI fq cvq|
ÞgZvi ˆRvGi cwievGii AGbK m`mÅGK DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGb PvKwi
ˆ`b| Zvi ‰ AbÅvq bxwZi KviGY AGbK ˆgavex ‰ cÉwZÓ¤vGb  wkLbdj: 7 I 8 [h. ˆev. 2016]
PvKwi ˆ^GK ewçZ nq| AvGjvPÅ DóxcGK evkvi mvGnGei
KvhKÆ ÌGg mgvRRxeGbi AbÅZg mgmÅv `ybÆxwZi welqwU dzGU K. AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGijGK wbGqvM`vb KGib ˆK? 1
DGVGQ| wbGP welqwU eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv@
cvVÅeBGqi eYÆbvq ˆ`Lv hvq ˆh, mvaviYfvGe ˆhmKj L. evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ `ywU ŠewkÓ¡Å
KvhvÆ ewj bxwZ-Av`kÆ I gƒjÅGeva ewnfÆZ„ ZvB `ybÆxwZ| `ybÆxwZ
gƒjZ mvgvwRK Aciva| evsjvG`Gk hG^Ó¡ AvBb ^vKGjI DGjL KGiv| 2
AvBGbi h^vh^ cÉGqvM ˆbB| eis `ybÆxwZweGivax AvBGbi
h^vh^ cÉGqvGMi AfvGe evsjvG`Gk `ybÆxwZ KÌgk ˆeGoB M. gvid‚ ‰i KÌqK‡Z gvQ bv cuPvi KviY Kx? eÅvLÅv
PGjGQ| DóxcGK evkvi mvGne ÞgZvi ˆRvGi cwievGii
m`mÅG`iGK AbÅvqfvGe PvKwi ˆ`b| ‰fvGe PjGZ ^vKGj KGiv| 3
‰K mgq ˆ`k `ybÆxwZi Kvj Qvqvq wbgwäZ nGq coGe|
Õ¼RbcÉxwZ QvovI `ybÆxwZi AvGiv bvbvwea KviY AvGQ| ˆhgb- N. DóxcGK DwjwLZ NUbvi KviGY RbRxeGb ˆh cÉfve
Avw^ÆK AmœQjZv, mvgvwRK cÉfve I ghÆv`v e†w«¬, A^Æ‹bwZK
cÉwZGhvwMZv, ivR‹bwZK AwÕ©iZv, AvBGbi duvKGdvKi coGZ cvGi Zvi cÉwZKvGi ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
BZÅvw`| `ybÆxwZi KivjMÉvGm w`b w`b ˆ`k wek†›Lj cwiwÕ©wZi
w`GK avweZ nGœQ| 3bs cÉGk²i Dîi

N DóxcGK DwÍwÏ LZ mgmÅvwU nGjv `ybÆxwZ| `ybÆxwZ cÉwZnZ K AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGijGK wbGqvM`vb KGib gnvgvbÅ ivÓ¡ÈcwZ|
KiGZ bvMwiK mgvGRi KiYxq welq Avgvi cvVÅmƒwPi
AvGjvGK AvGjvPbv Kiv nGjv@ L ŠeG`wkK bxwZ nGjv RvZxq bxwZi ˆmB Ask, hv ewnweÆGk¼i
1. `ybÆxwZ ˆivGa KGVvi AvBb cÉYqb I Zv KvhKÆ i Kiv| mvG^ mÁ·KÆhyÚ|
2. meÆGÞGò Revew`wnZv wbwøZ KiGZ nGe| evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi àiZ‚ ½cƒYÆ `ywU ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv-
3. ÞgZvi weGK±`ÊxKiY I Z^Å jvGfi AwaKvi msKÌv¯¦ AvBb 1. mevi mvG^ e®¬yZ:½ evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi cÉavb
ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv - mevi mvG^ e®¬yZ½ , KvGiv mvG^ kò‚Zv bq|
cÉYqb KiGZ nGe| 1972 mvGji 10 Rvbyqvix eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb ‰
4. evK Õv¼ axbZv I MYgvaÅGgi Õ¼vaxbZv wbwøZ KiGZ nGe| ˆNvlYv KGib|
5. AvBGbi kvmb cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ nGe| 2. Õ¼vaxbZv I mveÆGfŒgZ½ iÞv: evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi
6. wePvi wefvGMi Õ¼vaxbZv wbwøZ KiGZ nGe| AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å nGœQ Õ¼vaxbZv, mveÆGfŒgZ½, ˆfŒGMvwjK
7. miKvGii cÉwZwU cÉwZÓ¤vGbi Avq-eÅGqi wnmvewbKvk AL´£Zv iÞv Kiv ‰es mgZv eRvq ivLv|

(wbixÞv) wbqwgZfvGe mÁ·®² KiGZ nGe| M gvi‚d ‰i KÌqKZ‡ gvQ bv cuPvi KviY nGjv gvGQ welvÚ
8. `vwqZ½ I KZÆeÅ cvjGb mr I wbÓ¤vevb eÅwÚ I KgÆxG`i ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ digvwjb ˆgkvGbv nGqGQ|

cyiÕ•‡Z KGi Drmvn w`GZ nGe ‰es hviv Amr ZvG`iGK DóxcGKi eYÆbvq ˆ`Lv hvq, gvi‚d evRvi ˆ^GK ‰KwU i‚B gvQ
wZiÕ•‡Z KiGZ nGe, kvwÕ¦ w`GZ nGe| cGÉ qvRGb AcmvwiZ wKGb AvGb| fzGj gvQwU wdÌGR bv ˆiGL ˆUweGj ˆiGL MÉvGgi
KiGZ nGe| evwo PGj hvq| wZb w`b ci wdGi ‰Gm ˆ`GL ˆUweGj gvQ cGo
AvGQ wK¯§ ‰KUzI cuGPwb| cvVÅeBGqi eYÆbvq ˆ`Lv hvq ˆh,
eZÆgvGb mvivG`Gk LvG`Å ˆfRvj ‰K gnvgvwi AvKvi aviY
KGiGQ| evRvGi me aiGYi djgƒj, ZwiZiKvwi, gvQ, gvsm
‰es `yGa bvbviKg welvÚ ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ hyÚ KGi wewKÌ
KiGQ| eÅemvqx cÉwZw`b Zvi cGYÅ wewf®² aiGbi ÞwZKi
ivmvqwbK c`vG^Æi eÅenvi KGib| ˆhgb digvwjb, KvevÆBW
BZÅvw`| cPbkxj `ËeÅGK Pov `vGg wewKÌ Kivi RbÅ ‰es ‰i
Õ©vqxZ½ `xNvÆqy KiGZ ‰àGjv KGib Zviv| eÅemvqxiv mv`v wWg
ˆKwgKÅvj w`Gq jvj KiGQ| ZigyR, mm I ˆRwjGZ wgkvGœQ
welvÚ is| ˆ`Gki AwaKvsk LvgvGi Mi‚GK LvIqvGœQ
gvòvwZwiÚ BDwiqv mvi I ˆmvWv|

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 3

N DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ NUbv Z^v gvGQ digvwjb ˆgkvGbvi RbGMvÓ¤x eGj| cÉK‡wZ Abyhvqx 5 aiGbi cÉwZe®¬xi gGaÅ
KviGY RbRxeGb gvivðK ÞwZKi cÉfve coGZ cvGi| wbGP
`†wÓ¡cÉwZe®¬x AbÅZg| `†wÓ¡cÉwZe®¬xiv mgvGR bvbv mgmÅvi
‰i cÉwZKvi mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv Kiv nGjv-
1. miKvwifvGe ˆRjvwfwîK wbqwgZ digvwjGbi wei‚G«¬ mÁÃyLxb nq| ZvG`i mgmÅvàGjv wbÁ²i…c:
1. mgvR cÉwZe®¬xG`i ˆbwZevPK `†wÓ¡fwãGZ ˆ`GL, hvi
Awfhvb cwiPvjbv Kiv|
KviGY ZvG`i mvavib cÉwZfvi weKvk NGU bv|
2. gybvdvGjvfx eÅemvqxG`i `gGb mr I ˆhvMÅ ˆjvGKi nvGZ 2. Zviv mvavib gvbyGli gGZv wkÞv cÉwZÓ¤vGb covi myGhvM
ˆbZZ‡ ½ cÉ`vb KiGZ nGe|
cvq bv|
3. digvwjb weGivax Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi RbÅ Õ¼Z¯¨ ‰KwU 3. mvgvwRKfvGe ˆnq cÉwZc®² ‰B RbGMvÓ¤x AbÅG`i gGZv
Awa`µ¦i MVb Kiv|
mevi mvG^ wgkGZ cvGi bv|
4. digvwjb weGivax KGVvi AvBb cÉYqb Kiv I Zvi h^vh^ 4. mgvGRi gƒj ˆmËvGZi mvGa Lvc LvBGq Pjvi gGZv fvZvI

cÉGqvM Kiv| Zviv ivÓ¡È ˆ^GK jvf KGi bv|
5. digvwjGbi ÞwZKi w`KàGjv mÁ·GKÆ weævcGbi gvaÅGg 5. ZvG`i RbÅ ivÓ¡È ˆ^GK eivó mvgvbÅ myGhvM-myweaviI

RbMGYi gvGS QwoGq ˆ`Iqv| AceÅenvi nq|
6. cwienb eÅenvGii ˆÞGòI ZvG`i bvbv mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb
6. cÉGZÅK evRvGi ˆKZÌ vG`i RbÅ AwfGhvM eÝ Õ©vcb KGi
ZvG`i AwfGhvM gZ h^vh^ eÅeÕ©v wbGZ nGe| nGZ nq|
7. we`ÅvjGq fwZÆi ˆÞGò ZvG`i RGbÅ weGkl ˆKvUv eÅeÕ©v
7. digvwjb Avi ÞwZKviK ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ
bv ^vKvq ZvG`i Avi covGjLv Kiv nq bv|
cÉGqvMKvixG`iGK kvwÕ¦i cwigvY evovGZ nGe ‰es Avw^ÆK `†wÓ¡cÉwZe®¬x nIqvi KviGbB DóxcGKi ˆmŒiGfi Õv² ZK
Rwigvbvi weavb KiGZ nGe| cixÞv w`GZ mgmÅv nq| wK¯§ Zvi ‰K e®¬yi mnvqZvq
ˆmevGii gGZv ˆm cixÞvq AskMÉnY KiGZ cvGi| ˆmŒiGfi
8. ŠbwZK I agxÆq wkÞvi weÕ¦vi NUvGZ nGe| gGZv ‰gb AviI AGbK cÉwZe®¬xi Rxeb ‰gwb KGi cÉwZ cG`
DcwiDÚ mycvwikmgƒGni gvaÅGg digvwjGbi cÉwZKvi cvIqv evavi mÁÃyLxb nq|
mÁ¿e eGj Avwg gGb Kwi|
N DóxcGKi ˆmŒif ‰KRb cÉwZe®¬x|
cÉk² 4 PëMÉvg wek¼we`ÅvjGqi AvBb wefvGMi Qvò ˆmŒiGfi cÉwZe®¬xiv eÅwÚMZ wkÞv, Õ¼vÕ©Å, evmÕ©vb I KgÆmsÕ©vGbi
gGZv ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi ˆ^GK ewçZ| ‰iv mgvGRi weGkl ‰K
ˆPvGL AvGjv ˆbB| ZvGZ wK? ˆ^Gg ^vGKwb Zvi c^ Pjv| wK¯§ Ask| ‰B wekvj RbGMvÓ¤xGK D®²qb KgÆKvG´£i evBGi ˆiGL
ˆ`Gki mvweÆK D®²qb mÁ¿e bq| ZvB ‰G`i mgmÅvi mgvavGb
‰ c^ cvwo w`GZ ZvGK AGbK KÓ¡ KiGZ nGqGQ| ‰BGZv wbG¯ÃvÚ c`GÞc ˆbIqv ˆhGZ cvGi:
1. BwZevPK `†wÓ¡fwã: ivGÓ¡Èi meÆÕ¦Gii gvbyGli ‰B weGkl
ˆmw`Gbi K^v MZ eQi Õv² ZK cixÞv ˆ`qvi mgq kÉyZGjLb
Pvwn`vi RbGMvÓ¤x ev cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚG`i cÉwZ m`q nGZ
cvwœQj bv| ˆkGl Zvi KGqK e®¬yi mnvqZvq ‰KRb nGe ‰es `†wÓ¡fwã ^vKGZ nGe BwZevPK|
2. wkÞv: cÉwZe®¬xG`i RGbÅ wf®² wf®² wkÞv eÅeÕ©vi cÉPjb
kÉ‚ZGjLK ˆcGq hvq|  wkLbdj: 1 I 2 [Kz. ˆev. 2016] KiGZ nGe|
3. mvgvwRK mGPZbZv: cÉwZe®¬xivI AvgvG`i gGZvB gvbyl|
K. HIV-‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1 ZvB mgvGRi meÆÕ¦Gii gvbylGK ZvG`iGK mnGhvwMZvi
welGq mGPZb ^vKGZ nGe|
L. Rjevqy cwieZÆb ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2 4. ivÓ¡Èxq myGhvM-myweav: cÉwZe®¬xG`i RGbÅ ivÓ¡Èxq myGhvM-
myweav e†w«¬ KiGZ nGe|
M. DóxcGKi ˆmŒif ˆKvb aiGbi cÉwZe®¬x? ZvG`i 5. fvZv: cÉwZe®¬xG`i RGbÅ weGkl fvZvi eÅeÕ©v KiGZ
nGe, hvGZ Zviv mgvGRi Avi mevi mvG^ Zvj wgwjGq
mgmÅvàGjv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 PjGZ cvGi|
6. cwienb I we`ÅvjGq wmU eivó: cÉwZe®¬xiv mgvGRi
N. DóxcGKi ˆmŒiGfi gGZv RbGMvÓ¤xi mgmÅv weGkl Pvwn`vi RbGMvÓ¤x| ZvB MYcwienb I we`ÅvjGq
ZvG`i RGbÅ weGkl ˆKvUvi eÅeÕ©v KiGZ nGe|
mgvavGbi DcvqàGjv AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 DóxcGKi ˆmŒiGfi gGZv AviI AGbK cÉwZe®¬x AvgvG`i
4bs cÉGk²i Dîi mgvGR iGqGQ| ZvB Avgiv hviv fvGjv AvwQ ZvG`i DwPr
ewçZ H gvbylG`i cÉwZ A^Ævr cÉwZe®¬xG`i cÉwZ meÆ`v
K HIV-‰i cƒYÆ i…c nGjv Human Immune Deficiency mvnvGhÅi nvZ evwoGq ˆ`qv|

Virus|

L ˆKvGbv Õ©vGbi ev AçGji AvenvIqvi me FZzi Mo

AeÕ©v hLb cwiewZÆZ nq ‰es gvbeRxeGbi mvaviY
wbqgvewj bZzb i…c jvf KGi ZLbB ‰GK ejv nq Rjevqyi
cwieZÆb|

ˆKvGbv weGkl Õ©vb ev AçGji K‡wlKvR, ebf„wg, grmÅ

PviYGÞò, cwienb I ˆhvMvGhvM eÅeÕ©v, kvixwiK I gvbwmK
kwÚi weKvk, LwbR mÁ·`, wkÍ-¸ KviLvbv Õ©vcb cÉf‡wZ ˆÞGò
cwieZÆb mvab nIqvGKB Rjevqyi cwieZÆb ejv nq|

M DóxcGKi ˆmŒif `†wÓ¡cÉwZe®¬x|
mgvGR ˆhme m`mÅ ˆKvGbv KvhÆ mÁ·v`Gb Š`wnK ev
gvbwmKfvGe Amg^Æ, ZvGK cÉwZe®¬x ev weGkl Pvwn`vi

4 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk² 5 RvGf` fvGMÅv®²qGbi RbÅ PvKwi wbGq wmãvcyi KiGj ügwKi ˆKvGbv mÁ¿vebv ˆbB| eis ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦
eÅwÚGK ˆmev`vGbi gvaÅGg gvbwmKfvGe AGbKUvB myÕ©Å KGi
hvq| Pvi eQi PvKwi Kivi ci ˆm ˆ`Gk wdGi AvGm| wKQyw`b ˆZvjv mÁ¿e| A^P ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦ ˆekxi fvM ˆivMxiv cwievi
I Avðxq Õ¼RGbi mnGhvwMZv I ˆmev ˆZv cvqB bv eis Zviv
ci ˆm AmyÕ© nGq cGo| Zvi kixGii IRb `Ë‚Z nËvm ˆcGZ N†Yvi cvò wnGmGe weGewPZ nb| ‰gZveÕ©vq ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦
ˆivMxwU ˆivGM I gvbwmKfvGe fzMGZ fzMGZ g†ZÅz i w`GK avweZ
^vGK| NbNb R¾i nq, nRg kwÚ KgGZ ^vGK, Õ¼iYkwÚ ˆjvc nq|

cvq ‰es ˆm KÌgvMZ `yeÆj nGZ ^vGK| WvÚvi wewf®² cixÞv DóxcGKi eYÆbv gGZ, RvGf` ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦ nGj RvGfG`i

KGi eGjb ˆh, RvGf` fvBivmRwbZ ‰KwU ˆivGM AvKÌv¯¦ cwievi I e®¬-y ev®¬e RvGfG`i cÉwZ mnGhvwMZv I mngwgÆZvi

nGqGQ| WvÚvGii K^v ÷Gb RvGfG`i cwievi I e®¬y-ev®¬e nvZ cÉmvwiZ KGi| ZvG`i AvPiY wb:mG±`Gn AZů¦ BwZevPK

RvGfG`i cÉwZ mnGhvwMZv I mngwgÆZvi nvZ cÉmvwiZ KGi| I gvbweK| ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦ eÅwÚG`i mvG^ ‰gb BwZevPK I

 wkLbdj: 17 I 18 [iv. ˆev. 2016] gvbweK AvPiYB mKGji wbKU KvgÅ|

K. Bf-wUwRs KvGK eGj? 1

L. AwURg ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2

M. RvGf` ˆh ˆivGM AvKvÌ ¯¦ nGqGQ Zvi bvg DGÍÏLcƒeÆK

ˆivMwU cÉwZGivGai Dcvq eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 cÉk² 6 ‘K’ ‰KwU KGjGRi Qvòx| cÉwZw`b KGjGR Avmv

N. RvGfG`i cÉwZ Zvi cwievi I e®¬-y ev®¬Gei AvPiY AZů¦ hvIqvi cG^ wKQy eLvGU ˆQGj ZvGK weiZ KiZ| ZvB ˆm

BwZevPK I gvbweK gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 evaÅ nGq KGjR hvIqv e®¬ KGi ˆ`q|
5bs cÉGk²i Dîi
 wkLbdj: 10 I 12 [w`. ˆev. 2016]

K cyi‚l KZ‡ÆK bvixGK DZÅÚ Kiv, jvwèZ Kiv ev ˆhŒb K. ‰BWm& Kx? 1
wbcxob KivGK Bf-wUwRs eGj|
L. `ybÆxwZ ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
L AwURg gwÕ¦GÓ•i Õ¼vfvweK weKvGki ‰KwU RwUj
cÉwZe®¬KZv, hv wk÷i RG¯Ãi ‰K ermi Qqgvm nGZ wZb M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ‘K’ ˆKvb aiGbi mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb
ermGii gGaÅ cÉKvk cvq|
nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
‰ aiGYi cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚG`i mvaviYZ kvixwiK MVGb ˆKvGbv
mgmÅv ev ò‚wU ^vGK bv ZvG`i ˆPnviv, Aeqe AbÅvbÅ myÕ© I N. DÚ mgmÅv mgvavGb Kx Kx c`GÞc MÉnY Kiv
Õ¼vfvweK gvbyGli gZB ^vGK| AGbK ˆÞGò Qwe AvuKv, Mvb
Kiv, KwÁ·DUvi Pvjbv ev MvwYwZK mgvavbmn AGbK RwUj DwPZ? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
welGq ‰ aiGYi eÅwÚiv weGkl `ÞZv c`É kÆb KGi ^vGK|
6bs cÉGk²i Dîi
M DóxcGKi eYÆbvq RvGf` ‰BWGm AvKÌv¯¦ nGqGQ|
‰BWm cÉwZGivGa cyi‚Gli f„wgKv gyLÅ| mgKvgx cyi‚l «¼viv K ‰BWm nGjv ‰KwU giYeÅvwa| ‰B ˆivM nGj gvbyGli
cwievGii bvixiv AvKÌv¯¦ nq| cyi‚l ˆ^GK bvixGZ ‰BPAvBwf ˆ`Gn ˆivM cÉwZGiva ÞgZv axGi axGi KGg hvq |
msKÌgGYi msLÅv 8 àY ˆekx| KviY cyi‚Gli ˆhŒbmãx ˆekx
^vGK| ZvB cyi‚liv mGPZb nGj ‰ ˆivM cÉwZGiva Kiv L bxZ I ŠbwZKZvi wei‚G«¬ KvRB `ybÆxwZ|
AGbKUv mÁ¿e| ZvQvov Aeva ˆhŒb ˆgjvGgkv cwinvi Kiv,
ˆhŒb ˆgjvGgkvq Õ¼vgx-Õ¨x ‰GK AcGii cÉwZ wek¼Õ¦ ^vKv, agxÆq `ybÆxwZ nGjv ‰KwU gvivñK mvgvwRK eÅvwa| mvaviYfvGe
Abykvmb ˆgGb Pjv, SuywKcƒYÆ AvPiY cwinvi Kiv, Õ¨x m¯¦vGbi `ybxÆwZ ejGZ Nyl ˆjbG`b, cÉZviYv, Õ¼RbcÉxwZ, ÞgZvi
cÉwZ wek¼Õ¦ ^vKv, ˆKej ‰KRb ˆhŒb mãx ˆeGQ wbGq AceÅenvi BZÅvw` ˆevSvq| evsjvG`k `y`K-‰i gGZ, ‘ˆh
ˆhŒbKgxÆG`i mã ZÅvM Kiv, SzuwKcƒYÆGÞGò KbWg eÅenvi KgÆKví mvaviYfvGe weGeGKi KvGQ MÉnYGhvMÅ bq ZvGKB
Kiv, iÚ MÉnGYi mgq mƒP fvBivm gyÚ wKbv Zv ˆ`Lv BZÅvw`| `ybxÆwZ ejv nq|’ AÝGdvW& Æ wWKkbvwi gGZ, ‘`ybÆxwZ gvGb
cwiGkGl ejv hvq, DcwiDÚ DcvGq ‰BWm cÉwZGiva Kiv AÕ¼vfvweK DcvGq ˆKvb wKQz Kiv|’ ‰KK^vq bxwZi wei‚G«¬
ˆhGZ cvGi| KvR KivGK `ybÆxwZ eGj|

N DóxcGK RvGfG`i cÉwZ Zvi cwievi I e®¬-y ev®¬Gei M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ‘K’ BfwUwRs Z^v ˆhŒb nqivwb bvgK
AvPiY AZů¦ BwZevPK I gvbweK| mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb nGqGQ|wbGÁ² Zv eÅvLÅv Kiv nGjv :
‰BWm ‰BPAvBwf fvBivmRwbZ ‰KwU ˆivM| Awbivc` ˆhŒb ˆKvb gvbylGK weGkl KGi ˆKvb bvix ev wKGkvixGK Zvi
wgjb, ‰BPAvBwf AvKvÌ ¯¦ eÅwÚi iÚ MÉnY, ‰BPAvBwf AvKvÌ ¯¦ Õ¼vfvweK PjvGdiv ev KvRKgÆ Kiv AeÕ©vq Akvjxb g¯¦eÅ
eÅwÚi mƒuP I wmwié eÅenvi, wk÷i RG¯Ãi mgq, cƒGeÆ I cGi Kiv, fq ˆ`LvGbv, wPrKvi Kiv, weK‡Z bvGg WvKv, ˆKvb wKQz
‰BPAvBwf AvKÌv¯¦ nGj, ‰BPAvBwf AvKvÌ ¯¦ eÅwÚi eËvk I QzuGo ˆ`Iqv, ivÕ¦vq nuvUGZ avØv ˆ`Iqv, DGókÅgƒjKfvGe wcQz
`vwo KvgvGbvi ˆeÐW eÅenvi BZÅvw` KviGY ‰BWm ˆivM nq| ˆbIqv, AkvjxbfvGe ˆcÉg wbGe`b Kiv, c^Giva KGi `uvovGbv,
‰wU ˆQvuqvGP ˆivM bq| ZvB ‰ ˆivGM AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚG`i ˆmev ügwK ˆ`Iqv BZÅvw` BfwUwRs-‰i gGaÅ cGo| DóxcGK
KGjGRi Qvòx ‘K’ cÉwZw`b KGjGR Avmv hvIqvi cG^
BfwUwRs-‰i wkKvi nq| ‰B DZÅÚ ev weiÚ ZvGK ˆkl chƯ¦
KGjR wegyL nGZ evaÅ KGi| eZÆgvGb cÉGZÅK wkÞvcÉwZÓ¤vGb
‰B mgmÅv cÉKU AvKvi aviY KGiGQ|

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 5

N BfwUwRs ev ˆhŒb nqivwb bvgK mgmÅv mgvavGb wbGÁ² Aãfwãi gvaÅGg DîÅGÚi wkKvi nq| hv cvVÅ eBGqi

Avgvi gZvgZ ˆ`Iqv nGjv : BfwUwRs welqwUi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ|

1. mvgvwRKxKiGY cwievGii h^vh^ f„wgKv wbwøZ KiGZ BfwUwRs gƒjZ cÉKvGkÅ ˆhŒb nqivwb, cG^NvGU DîÅÚ Kiv ev
nGe| cyi‚l «¼viv bvix wbhvZÆ Gbi wbG`ÆkK ‰KwU kõ| ‰wU eZÆgvGb
2. agÆxq Abykvmb ˆgGb PjGZ nGe|
bvix wbhvÆZGbi bZzb ‰KwU nvwZqvi wnGmGe Avwef„ÆZ nGqGQ|
3. BfwUwRs cÉwZGivGa mvgvwRK AvG±`vjb ˆRvi`vi KiGZ XvKv ˆgGUÇvcwjUb cywjk AwWÆbÅvG´Öi 1976 mvGj BfwUwRs-
nGe| ‰i msæv w`GZ wMGq ejv nGqGQ ˆh, ‘hw` ˆKvb cyi‚l mw`œQvq
4. DîÅÚKvixG`i mvgvwRKfvGe eqKU KiGZ nGe|
ivÕ¦v ev cÉKvkÅ Õ©vGb ˆKvb bvixGK cÉ`kÆb KGi ˆKvb AkÏxj
5. bvixi cÉwZ BwZevPK `w† Ó¡fwã MGo ZzjGZ nGe|
K^v, Aãfwã ev Am`vPib KGi ev ˆKD BœQv KGi ˆKvb
6. ˆhŒb nqivwb eG®¬ wkÞv^ÆxG`i gGaÅ mGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ KiGZ bvixGK evav ˆ`q, Zvi MwZGiva KGi AcgvbRbK K^v ev
nGe| AkÏxj DwÚ KGi ZGe Zv BfwUwRs wnGmGe MbÅ nGe|’
7. MYgvaÅGg ˆhŒb nqivwbi weiG‚ «¬ ˆmvœPvi nGZ nGe|
BfwUwRs-‰i KviGY evsjvG`Gki AGbK ˆgGq wk÷-wKGkvix
8. wkÞvcÉwZÓ¤vGbi mvgGb eLvGU ˆQGjG`i Avìv e®¬ KiGZ ZvG`i Õ¼vfvweK ˆeGo DVvi cwiGek cvGœQ bv| dGj ZvG`i
nGe|
9. BfwUwRs ev ˆhŒb nqivwb eG®¬ KGVvi AvBb cÉYqb I RxeGbi MwZ i‚«¬ nGq hvGœQ|
N DóxcGKi NUbvwU cvVÅeBGqi BfwUwRs welqwUGK BwãZ
cÉGqvGMi eÅeÕ©v KiGZ nGe|
KGi| cG^NvGU, Õ•zGj, KgÆGÞGò BfwUwRs-‰i KviGY bvixi
cÉk² 7 KGjR Qvòx 'X' KGjGR hvIqvi cG^ ‰K`j eLvGU gvbevwaKvi jw›NZ nGœQ| BfwUwRs cÉwZGivGa AvgvG`i ivÓ¡Èxq
ˆQGj ZvGK cÉvqk AkÏxj K^v eGj, bvbv Aãfwã KGi| DG`ÅvGMi cvkvcvwk cvwievwiK I mvgvwRKfvGe DG`ÅvM MÉnb
KiGZ nGe| wbGP BfwUwRs cÉwZGivGa M†wnZ c`GÞcmgƒGni
‰Kw`b ˆm cÉwZev` KiGj Zviv ZvGK fq ˆ`Lvq| ˆm evwoGZ h^vÆ^Zv gƒjÅvqb Kiv nGjv :
‰Gm Zvi evevGK NUbvwU eGj| Zvi evev MÉvGgi gyiwe»G`i 1| mvgwRK KviGY cwievGii BwZevPK fzwgKv cvjb KiGZ
AewnZ KGi| MÉvGgi gyiwe»iv Zvi cvGk `uvovq| mKGj wgGj
nGe|
eLvGUG`i cÉwZnZ KGi ‰es fwelÅGZ AvBb-k†›Ljv iÞvKvix
evwnbxi nvGZ ZvG`i ZzGj ˆ`qvi K^v eGj| ‰GZ eLvGUiv fq
 wkLbdj: 10 I 12 [P. ˆev. 2016] 2| agxÆq Abykvmb ˆgGb PjGZ nGe|
ˆcGq hvq| 1 3| BfwUwRs cÉwZGiva mvgvwRK AvG±`vjb I cÉwZGiva

K. ‰BWm Kx?
L. Rjevqy cwieZÆbRwbZ ‰KwU mgmÅv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆRvi`vi KiGZ nGe|
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb bvMwiK mgmÅvwU DGV ‰GmGQ? eYÆbv 4| bvixi cÉwZ BwZevPK `†wÓ¡fwã MGo ZzjGZ nGe|
3 5| DîvÚKiY ev ˆhŒb nqivwb wbgƃGj wkÞv^xÆG`i gGaÅ
KGiv|
N. mgmÅvwU mgvavGb M†nxZ c`GÞcmgƒGni h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb mGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ KiGZ nGe|
KGiv| 4 6| BGjKUÇwbK I wcÉ´ŸwgwWqvmn wewf®² MbgvaÅg ˆhŒb
7bs cÉGk²i Dîi nqivwb, BfwUwRs-‰i wei‚G«¬ cÉPviYv PvjvGZ nGe|

K ‰BWm ‰KwU fvBivm RwbZ gvivñK ˆivM| ‰BWmGK 7| ˆgGqG`i wkÞv cÉwZÓ¤vGbi mvgGb eLvGU ˆQGjG`i Avìv

NvZK eÅvwa ev giYeÅvwa ejv nq| eG®¬i eÅeÕ©v MÉnY KiGZ nGe|

L eZÆgvb weGk¼i AvGjvwPZ mgmÅvàGjvi gGaÅ AbÅZg mgmÅv 8| ˆhŒb nqivwb I BfwUwRs cÉwZGivGa KGVvi AvBb cÉbqb I
nGjv Rjevqyi cwieZÆb RwbZ mgmÅv| Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi cÉGqvGMi eÅeÕ©v KiGZ nGe|

KviGY weGk¼i meGPGq ÞwZMÉÕ¦ ˆ`k wnGmGe evsjvG`Gki bvg cÉk² 8 ˆmvGnj Avigvb ivÓ¡Çweævb welGq AbvmÆ coGQ| ˆm

wewf®² MGelYv msÕ©vi ZvwjKvq DGV ‰GmGQ| Rjevqy üBj ˆPqvGi eGm KÑvm KGi ‰es cixÞv ˆ`q| ˆm ˆmvRv nGq
cwieZÆbRwbZ mgmÅvi gGaÅ ‰KwU DGÍÏLÅGhvMÅ mgmÅv nGjv `uvovGZ cvGi bv| R¯ÃMZfvGeB Zvi cvGqi AvK‡wZ I Mob
Mo Zvcgvòv e†w«¬| Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi dGj Mo Zvcgvòv Õ¼vfvweK gvbyGli gGZv `uvwoGq ^vKvi RbÅ DcGhvMx bq|
e†w«¬ cvGœQ| AvBwcwmwm-‰i PZy^Æ mgxÞv wiGcvU Abyhvqx AbÅw`GK, Zvi ‰K e®¬y ‰gb ‰KwU giY eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ hvi
evsjvG`Gki Mo evwlÆK Zvcgvòv 14 eQGi (1985-98) ˆg
gvGm 1 wWwMÉ ‰es bGfÁ¼i gvGm 0.5 wWwMÉ ˆmjwmqvm e†w«¬ ˆKvGbv wPwKrmv ˆbB|  wkLbdj: 1 I 18 [wm. ˆev. 2016]

ˆcGqGQ| weMZ KGqK eQGi evsjvG`Gki Zvcgvòvi K. AIDS-‰i fvBivGmi bvg Kx? 1
AÕ¼vfvweK AvPiY mevBGK AvZwâZ KGi ZGz jGQ|
L. BfwUwRs ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2

M. ˆmvGnj Avigvb ˆKvb mgmÅvi wkKvi? eÅvLÅv KGiv|3

M DóxcGK ‘x’ Qvòxi NUbvwUGZ cvVÅeBGqi bvMwiK N. ˆmvGnj AvigvGbi e®¬y ˆh giY eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ Zv
ˆ^GK gywÚ ˆcGZ bvMwiK wnGmGe AvgvG`i KiYxq wK
mgmÅv BfwUwRs-‰i mgmÅvwU DGV ‰GmGQ| KviY ‘x’ eGj Zzwg gGb KGiv? ˆZvgvi hywÚ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4
KGjGR hvIqvi cG^ ‰K`j eLvGU ˆQGji AkÏxj K^vevZÆv I

6 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

8bs cÉGk²i Dîi cÉk² 9 wKQyw`b ˆ^GK Rbve bvivqY jÞ KiGjb Zvi IRb

K AIDS ‰i fvBivGmi bvg (HIV) Human Immune- KGg hvGœQ ‰es cÉvqkB wZwb AmyÕ©Geva KiGQb| ZvGK

deficiency Virus. ˆ`GLI ˆek KÑv¯¦ I Aemv`MÉÕ¦ gGb nq| ZvQvovI wZwb

L BfwUwRs gƒjZ cÉKvGkÅ ˆhŒb nqivwb, cG^NvGU DîÅÚ Kiv `xNÆw`b ˆ^GK R¾i, ÷Kbv Kvwk ‰es wbDGgvwbqvmn wewf®²
ev cyi‚l «¼viv bvix wbhÆvZbGK wbG`Æk KGi|
kvixwiK mgmÅvq fzMGQb| ‰me RwUjZv wbGq wZwb
cyi‚liv hLb bvix ˆ`LGj AkxÏ j K^v eGj, AcÉxwZKi Aãfwã
KGi, myGhvM eyGS avØv gvGi, ˆgvevBj ˆdvGb weiÚ KGi, nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ nb| nvmcvZvGj wewf®² cixÞv-wbixÞvi ci
ˆcQGb ˆcQGb AKviGY AbymiY KGi ‰es wkm ˆ`q ZvGKB
BfwUwRs eGj| WvÚvi Rvbvb, Zvi kixGii ˆivM cÉwZGiva ÞgZv axGi axGi

M DóxcGK ˆmvGnj Avigvb ‰KRb kvixwiK cÉwZe®¬x| nËvm cvGœQ| WvÚvi AviI eGjb wZwb ‰K fqâi ˆivGM

KviY ˆm ˆmvRv nGq `uvovGZ cvGi bv| R¯ÃMZfvGeB Zvi AvKÌv¯¦ nGqGQb| D®q² bkxj ˆ`kàGjvGZ ‰ ˆivGMi SuywK w`b
cvGqi AvKw‡ Z I Mob Õ¼vfvweK gvbyGli gGZv bv| `uvwoGq
^vKvi RbÅ DcGhvMx bq| hv cvVÅeBGqi kvixwiK cÉwe®¬x w`b evoGQ|  wkLbdj: 17 I 18 [e. ˆev. 2016]
eÅwÚi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ|
wbGP kvixwiK cÉwe®¬x mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv Kiv nGjv: K. HIV Kx? 1
kvixwiK cÉwe®¬x nGjv ˆmB eÅwÚ hvi ‰KwU ev Dfq nvZ/cv
ˆbB ev ˆKvGbv nvZ/cv cƒYÆ ev AvswkKfvGe Aek A^ev L. ˆfRvj Lv`Å ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2
kvixwiK MVb weK‡Z ev AÕ¼vfvweK A^ev Õv² qyweK ŠeKGjÅi
KviGY Õ©vqxfvGe kvixwiK fvimvgÅ ˆbB| A®¬, ewai, ˆevev, M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Rbve bvivqGbi ˆivGMi KviYmgƒn
jÅvsov, AcywÓ¡i wkKvi, e†«¬iv kvixwiK cÉwZe®¬xi A¯¦fzÆÚ|
cÉwZe®¬xiv mgvGR AZů¦ AeGnwjZ| bvbv KviGY Zviv eçbv, DGÍÏL KGiv| 3
ŠelGgÅi wkKvi| wK¯§ ZvivI gvbyl| Zviv mgvGRi ˆevSv bq
eis mg AwaKvGii myGhvM-myweavi gvaÅGg ZvG`i cÉwZfvi N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ˆivGMi weÕ¦vi ˆivGa Kx Kx c`GÞc
weKvk NUvGZ cviGj ZvivI mÁ·` wnGmGe MbÅ nGZ cvGi|
ˆbqv ˆhGZ cvGi ˆmàGjv eYÆbv KGiv| 4
N DóxcGKi ˆmvGnj AvigvGbi e®¬y ˆh giY eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦
Zv Avgvi eBGqi NvZK eÅvwa ‰BWm ˆivGMi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| 9bs cÉGk²i Dîi
‰BWm cÉwZGivGa cwievi, mgvR I ivÓ¡Èxq chÆvGq hðevb
nIqvi cqÉ vm PvjvGZ nGe| K HIV nGjv ‰K aiGYi fvBivm hv gvbyGli ˆivM cÉwZGiva
‰BWm cÉwZGivGa ‰KRb bvMwiK wnmvGe AvgvG`i ÞgZv KwgGq ˆ`q|
KiYxqàGjv wbGP DcÕ©vcb Kiv nGjv:
1. cvwievwiK gƒjÅGeva iÞv KiGZ nGe| L LvG`Å ˆfRvj ev ˆfRvj Lv`Å ejGZ ˆevSvq, ˆhme
2. wbivc` I wek¼Õ¦ kvixwiK mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb| Lv`Å`ËeÅ cÉvK‡wZK I Õ¼vfvweK DcvGq cÉÕ§Z bv KGi ÞwZKi,
3. me aiGbi A‹bwZK I weK‡Z ˆhŒbPvi cwinvi KiGZ wbg³gvGbi, AGKGRv I AÕ¼vÕ©ÅKi wRwbm w`Gq ŠZwi Kiv nq|
fvGjv, DrK‡Ó¡ LvG`Åi mvG^ wbK‡Ó¡ `ËeÅ wgwkGq cwigvGY e†w«¬
nGe| KivGKI ˆfRvj Lv`Å ejv nq| ˆfRvGji ˆ`ŒivGZÄÅ LuvwU
4. h^vh^fvGe cixÞvi ci iÚ MÉnY KiGZ nGe| kõwU AvR Rxeb ˆ^GK nvwiGq ˆhGZ eGmGQ|
5. BbGRKkGbi wmwié w«¼Zxqevi eÅenvi Kiv PjGe bv|
6. myP-wmwié RxevbygyÚ KGi eÅenvi KiGZ nGe| M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Rbve bvivqY ‰BWm ˆivGM AvKÌv¯¦|
7. ‰BWm ˆivM wbbÆq eÅeÕ©v myjf I mnRjfÅ KiGZ nGe|
8. agxÆq gƒjÅGeva I ŠbwZKvZvi cÉwZ kÉ«¬vkxj nGZ nGe| DÚ ˆivGMi KviYmgƒn wbGÁ² DGÍÏL Kiv nGjv :
9. gv`K`eË Å ˆmeb ˆ^GK weiZ ^vKGZ nGe| 1. HIV «¼viv AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚi iÚ MÉnY KiGj |
10. MYgvaÅgGK ‰ eÅvcvGi mwKÌq f„wgKv ivLGZ nGe| 2. BbGRKkGbi ‰KB myP I wmwié ‰KvwaK eÅwÚ eÅenvi
mGeÆvcwi, ‰BWm mÁ·GKÆ wbGR mZKÆ nIqv ‰es AbÅGK mZKÆ
KGi ˆZvjv `iKvi| ‰fvGe bvMwiK `vwqZ½ h^vh^fvGe KiGj|
cvjGbi gvaÅGg giYeÅvwa ‰BWm ˆ^GK mgvRGK gyÚ ivLv 3. HIV msKÌvgK gvGqi `ya cvb KiGj|
mÁ¿e nGe| 4. HIV AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚi mvG^ wbivc` nxb fvGe Š`wnK wgjGb

Ave«¬ nGj|
5. HIV msKÌwgZ Aã AbÅGKvb myÕ©eÅwÚi ˆ`Gn

cÉwZÕ©vcb KiGj|
6. HIV AvKÌv¯¦ ˆivMxi AcvGikGbi h¯¨cvwZ RxevYygyÚ bv

KGi eÅenvi KiGj|
7. ‰BPAvBwf ev ‰BWm-‰ AvKvÌ ¯¦ gvGqi gvaÅGg wk÷

MfÆveÕ©vq I cÉmGei mgq msKÌwgZ nGZ cvGi|

N DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‰BWm ˆivGMi weÕ¦vi ˆivGa Kx Kx
c`GÞc ˆbqv ˆhGZ cvGi ˆmàGjv wbGÁ² eYÆbv Kiv nGjv:
1. Aeva ˆhŒb ˆgjvGgkv cwinvi Kiv|
2. ˆhŒb ˆgjvGgkvq Õ¼vgx I Õ¨x ‰GK AcGii cÉwZ wek¼Õ¦

^vKv|
3. agÆxq Abykvmb ˆgGb Pjv|

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 7

4. SuzwKcYƒ Æ AvPiY cwinvi Kiv ‰es Õ¨x-m¯¦vGbi cÉwZ wek¼Õ¦ 7. AbÅi eÅen†Z BbGRKkGbi myP I wmwié-‰i eÅenvi

^vKv| cwinvi Kiv|

5. SzuwKcƒYÆ ˆÞGò KbWg eÅenvi Kiv| 8. ‰BWm-‰i wei‚G«¬ MYmGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ Kiv|

6. iÚ MÉnGYi mgq ‰BPAvBwf fvBivm gyÚ wK bv ˆm 9. MYgvaÅgàGjvGZ ‰BWGmi weÕ¦vi I Zvi fqvenZv

mÁ·GKÆ wbwøZ nIqv| mÁ·GKÆ wewf®² cPÉ viYv PvjvGbv|

cixÞvq Kgb ˆcGZ AbbÅ cÉGk²vîi

cÉk² 10 XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ‘K’ BbwÕ¡wUDGUi wkÞv cÉwZe®¬x wnGmGe cwiMwYZ nq| wK¯§ ‰i…c AeÕ©vi RbÅ Zviv

wefvGMi Qvòx gxg| ˆm `†wÓ¡ cÉwZe®¬x| ˆm cÉwZe®¬KZvGK wbGRiv ˆKvGbvfvGeB `vqx bq| ZvG`iI iGqGQ AbÅvbÅ mevi

nvi gvwbGqGQ wbGRi cÉGPÓ¡vq ‰es cwievGii mKGji gGZv ˆeuGP ^vKvi AwaKvi| Avgiv hviv myÕ© Õ¼vfvweK,
mnGhvMxZvq DœP wkÞvq gxg ‰KRb Õ¼vejÁ¼x|
cÉwZe®¬xG`iGK mnvqZv Kiv ZvG`i `vwqZ½| ‰wU ZvG`i cÉwZ
wkLbdj-1 I 2 AvgvG`i Ki‚Yv bq, AvgvG`i `vwqZ½| ˆKbbv hw` DchyÚ
K. cÉwZe®¬KZv KZ cÉKvi? 1 myGhvM-myweav ˆ`Iqv nq ZGe ZvivI ZvG`i ˆhvMÅZvi cÉgvY

L. cÉwZe®¬xiv wK wK mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb nq? eywSGq ˆjL|2 ivLGZ cvGi| cÉwZe®¬x nGqI ‰fvGiÕ¡ Rq KiGZ cvGi|
M. DóxcvGK gxg wK fvGe mdjZvi `vicÉvG¯¦ ˆcuŒGQGQ? 3
N. cÉwZe®¬xiv gxg-‰i gGZv mGevÆ œP wWwMÉavix nGZ cvGi| ZvG`i
cÉwZe®¬xiv Ki‚bvi cvò bq-weGkÏlY Ki| 4 cÉwZ AvgvG`i `vwqZ½ I KZÆeÅ iGqGQ Zv hw` h^vh^fvGe

10bs cGÉ k²i Dîi cvjb Kiv nq, ZGe Zviv ZvG`i wbGRG`i ˆhvMÅZv cÉKvk

K cÉwZe®¬KZv wZb cÉKvi| KiGZ mg^Æ nGe| ZvG`iGK myGhvM w`GZ nGe, mnGhvwMZv

L cÉwZe®¬xiv Š`bw±`b RxeGb bvbv cÉKvi mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb KiGZ nGe| ˆKvGbvfvGeB ZvG`iGK AeGnjv Kiv hvGe bv|
ˆKbbv ZvivI AvgvG`i gGZv gvbyl ‰es ZvG`iI my±`ifvGe
nGq ^vGK|
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c†w^exGZ Zviv AGbKUv Amnvq| ZvG`i RxeGbi PvicvGk cÉk²11 AvwiGdi wcÉq dj Avg| ˆm evRvi ˆ^GK my±`i is
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ˆmàGjv cÉGqvRGbi Zzjbvq LyeB Kg| hv cÉwZe®¬x eÅwÚG`i
RbÅ gvivZÄK mgmÅv ŠZwi KiGQ| Avg ˆLGq Zvi ˆQvU fvBGqi ˆcGU AmyL ˆ`Lv ˆ`q|

wkLbdj-7 I 9

K. `ybxÆwZ Kx? 1

M DóxcGKi gxg wbGRi cÉGPÓ¡v ‰es cwievimn mKGji L. evsjvG`Gk `ybxÆwZi `ywU KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2

mnGhvwMZvi gvaÅGg wbGRi cÉwZe®¬KZvGK nvi gvwbGq M. DóxcGK AvwiGdi mgmÅvwU evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb
mgmÅvi BwãZ enb KGi? wbi‚cb Ki| 3
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cÉwZew®¬Zv ‰KRb gvbyGli Õ¼vfvweK ÞgZv I mÁ¿vebvGK N. DóxcGK Avwid ˆh mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb nGqGQ, Zv

evavMÉÕ¦ KGi| wK¯§ hw` DchyÚ mnvqZv I ‰Kv¯¦ cÉGPÓ¡v ^vGK cÉwZGivGa bvMwiKG`i KiYxq@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4

ZGe ‰KRb cÉwZe®¬xi cGÞ me aiGbi evav AwZKÌg Kiv 11bs cÉGk²i Dîi
mÁ¿e| cÉwZe®¬xG`i ˆKvGbv ‰KwU weGkl welGq ˆhGnZz
K bxwZ ev AvBb weiy«¬ KvR KivB nGjv `ybxwÆ Z|
mxgve«¬Zv ^vGK ZvB ˆKej wbGRi cÉGPÓ¡vq ‰ evav ˆcGivGbv
mÁ¿e nq bv| ‰RbÅ meGPGq ˆewk cÉGqvRb cvwievwiK L evsjvG`Gk `ybxÆwZi `ywU KviY nGjv@
mnGhvwMZv| 1| Õ¼œQZvi Afve: evsjvG`Gk ivÓ¡Çxq KvhÆ cwiPvjbvi ˆÞGò
miKvGii KgÆKvGí Õ¼œQZvi Afve cwijwÞZ nq| A^Ævr
cwievi ˆ^GK DchyÚ mnvqZv ˆcGj ‰KRb cÉwZe®¬x wbGRi RbMGYi Õ¼v^ÆRwoZ KvR I cÉK͸ welGq RbMYGK RwoZ ‰es
mxgve®¬ZvGK AwZKÌg KiGZ cvGi Lye mnGRB| ‰Qvov
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DóxcGKi gxg ‰KRb `†wÓ¡ cÉwZe®¬x nGqI DœPwkÞv MÉnY 2| Revew`wnZvi Afve: Revew`wnZvi AfvGe evsjvG`Gk
KiGZ mg^Æ nGqGQ| Zvi ‰ mdjZvi ˆcQGbI iGqGQ Abyi…c `ybxÆwZi wkKo ‰Lb meÆò weivRgvb| miKvwi KgÆKZvÆ MY ev
ÞgZvkvjx eÅwÚeMÆ wbGRG`i KgÆKvGíi RbÅ RbMGYi wbKU
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Revew`wn KGi bv| dGj ZvG`i gGaÅ `ybxÆwZi cÉeYZv ˆeGo
N cÉwZe®¬xiv Ki‚Yvi cvò bq- K^vwU h^v^Æ| hvq|
cÉwZe®¬xiv AvgvG`i gGZvB gvbyl| ZvG`i AbÅvbÅ me ˆhvMÅZv

^vKGjI ˆKej ˆKvGbv ‰KwU weGkl mxgve«¬Zvi RbÅ

8 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

M DóxcGK AvwiGdi mgmÅvwU evsjvG`Gki LvG`Å ˆfRvj 7. LvG`Å ˆfRvGji wei‚G«¬ mvgvwRK AvG±`vjb MGo ZzjGZ
mgmÅvi cÉwZ BwãZ enb KGi| A
mvaviYfvGe LvG`Å ˆfRvj ejGZ LvuwU ev Avmj cGYÅi mvG^ nGe ‰es Lv`Å msiÞGYi RbÅ RbMYev®¬e I
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‰GZ `ËGeÅi àYMZ gvb bÓ¡ nIqvi cvkvcvwk we÷«¬Zv nvivq| Õ¼vÕ©ÅmnvqK Dcvq ev c«¬wZ D«¿veb KiGZ nGe|
eZÆgvb hGy M LvG`Å ˆfRvj ‰KwU gvivñK mvgvwRK I ivÓ¡Çxq 8. RbMY wbGRB ˆhb digvwjbgyÚ ev ˆfRvj cYÅ wPbGZ
mgmÅv wnGmGe cwiMwYZ nq| Lv`Å`ËGeÅi mvG^ ÞwZKviK
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gGZv nqwb| ‰B Avg ˆLGq Zvi ˆQvU fvB AmyÕ© nGq cGo|
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DGVGQ Zvi gGaÅ AbÅZg nGjv ˆfRvj Lv`Å| gvQ, gvsm, ˆmLvGb ˆm ‰Kevi moK `yNÆUbvq AvnZ nGq nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ
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ˆkÉwYi Amvay eÅemvqxi mxgvnxb gybvdv ARÆGbi ˆjvGf,
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wkw^jZvi KviGY w`b w`b ‰ mgmÅv e†w«¬ cvGœQ| ‰me
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ˆ^GK ˆfvÚvi g†ZÅz chƯ¦ nGZ cvGi| DóxcGKI ‰ mgmÅvwUi
K^v ejv nGqGQ| ˆMGj WvÚvi wewf®² cixÞv-wbixÞv KGi eGjb ˆh, gvndzR

N DóxcGKi Anbv LvG`Å ˆfRvj mgmÅvwUi mÁÃyLxb nGqGQ| ‰KwU fvBivmRwbZ ˆivGM AvKÌv¯¦ nGqGQ| Zvi wcZvgvZv
Avi ‰ mgmÅvwU cÉwZGiva KiGZ nGj miKvi,eÅemvqx I
ˆfvÚv mKj chÆvGq wewf®² c`GÞc MÉnY KiGZ nGe| A ZvGK Lye hð KGi ˆmev KGi| wkLbdj-17 I 18
LvG`Å ˆfRvj cÉwZKvi ev cÉwZGivGa wbÁ²wjwLZ eÅeÕ©vàGjv
MÉnY KiGZ nGet K. ‘`y`K’-‰i cƒYiÆ …c Kx? 1
1. Lv`Å Drcv`bKvix cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjvGK ZvG`i Drcvw`Z
L. BfwUwRs ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
`ËeÅmvgMÉx BSTI- ‰i «¼viv gvGbvîxYÆ nevi mvwUÆwdGKU
ARÆb ‰es Zv c`É kÆb KiGZ nGe| M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ jÞYàGjv ˆKvb ˆivGMi jÞY?
2. BSTI ‰i «¼viv cwiÞxZ bq, ‰gb Drcvw`Z Lv`ÅmvgMÉx
evRviRvZ Kiv nGj KwVb kvwÕ¦i weavb ‰es Zv KvhÆKi eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
KiGZ nGe|
3. ˆnvGUj, ˆiGÕ¦viuvq cPv-evwm Lvevi ˆhb cwiGekb Kiv bv N. Kx Kx KviGY DÚ ˆivGMi weÕ¦vi NGU? DóxcGKi
nq ˆmRbÅ bRi`vwi ˆRvi`vi KiGZ nGe|
4. Amr eÅemvqx, Drcv`K, cwiGekKG`i wei‚G«¬ Kx kvwÕ¦ AvGjvGK AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
cÉ`vb Kiv nGjv, övgÅgvb Av`vjZ Kx KiGQ Zv wbDR
‰es BGjKUÇwbK wgwWqvq cÉKvk I cÉPvi KiGZ nGe| 12bs cÉGk²i Dîi
5. Pvj-Wvj-AvUv-gq`v, djgƒj cÉf‡wZi AvoZàGjvGZ
bRi`vwi e†w«¬ KiGZ nGe ‰es Amr eÅemvqxG`i kvwÕ¦ K `y`K-‰i cƒYiÆ …c nGjv-‘`ybxÆwZ `gb Kwgkb’|
cÉ`vb KiGZ nGe|
6. welvÚ ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ evRviRvZKiY I wecYb eÅeÕ©vi L BfwUwRs gƒjZ cÉKvGkÅ ˆhŒb nqivwb, cG^NvGU DîÅÚ Kiv
mvG^ RwoZG`i Ici mZKÆ bRi`vwi ivLGZ nGe, ˆhb ev cyi‚l «¼viv bvix wbhÆvZb wbG`ÆkK ‰KwU kõ| A
‰me c`v^Æ LvG`Å ˆfRvGji RbÅ bq eis DchyÚ KvGRB
÷ay eÅenvi nq| eZÆgvGb BfwUwRs ˆeGo hvIqvi ˆcQGb cwievGi bvixG`i
h^vh^ gƒjÅvqb bv Kiv I bvixG`i cÉwZ ŠelgÅgƒjK `†wÓ¡fwã

AGbKUv `vqx| ‰QvovI cvwievwiK I mvgvwRKfvGe mywkÞvi
Afve, ŠbwZK gƒjÅGevGai AeÞq, cwievGi wk÷i mwVK
mvgvwRKxKiGYi Afve BfwUwRs ‰i KviY wnGmGe aiv hvq|

gv`KvmÚ I ˆeKvi hey Kiv nZvkvMÉÕ¦ nGq coGj wbGRi cÉwZ
wbq¯¨Y nvwiGq ˆdGj ‰es BfwUwRs KGi| ‰QvovI agÆxq
AbykvmGbi Afve, weG`wk msÕ•‡wZi cÉfve, mÅvGUjvBU

ˆUwjwfkb BfwUwRs ‰i RGbÅ eÅvcKfvGe `vqx|

M DóxcGKi gvndzR giYeÅvwa ‰BWm- ‰ AvKÌv¯¦ nGqGQ| A

‰BWm ‰K cÉKvi fvBivm «¼viv MwVZ ˆivM| ‰B fvBivmGK
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ev ‰BP AvB wf (HIV)

ejv nq| ‰BP AvB wf fvBivmwU iGÚi mv`v ˆKvl (CD-8 ev
wU ˆmj) bÓ¡ KGi ˆ`q, hvi dGj kixGii ˆivM cÉwZGiva
ÞgZv AKvhÆKi nGq cGo| DóxcGKi gvndzGRi gGaÅI ‰B

ˆivGMi jÞY dzGU IGVGQ|
DóxcGKi gvndzR `yNÆUbvq AvnZ nGj nvmcvZvj ˆ^GK iÚ
w`Gq Zvi AcvGikb Kiv nq| ‰ici ˆ^GK ˆm memgq R¾i

R¾i fve, gv^veÅv^v, kixi KÑv¯¦fve, gvsmGcwk I wMivq eÅ^v
Abyfe KGi| WvÚvGii wbKU ˆMGj gvndzR RvbGZ cvGi ˆm

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 9

giYeÅvwa ‰BWGm AvKvÌ ¯¦| ˆKbbv Zvi gGaÅ ‰BWm ‰i jÞY N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Rjevqy cwieZÆbRwbZ mgmÅv
ev DcmMÆàGjv Õ·Ó¡ nGq DGVGQ| ‰BWm AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚi ˆ`Gni
ˆgvKvGejvi RbÅ evsjvG`Gki ‰KRb bvMwiGKi Kx
IRb nËvm ˆcGZ ^vGK| ˆmB mvG^ `yB gvGmi ˆewk mgq aGi
cvZjv cvqLvbv nGZ ^vGK, `xNÆw`b aGi ÷KGbv Kvwk ˆjGM Kx KiYxq iGqGQ eGj Zwz g gGb KGiv? 4
^vGK| ‰ ˆivGM AvKvÌ ¯¦ eÅwÚi kixGii ˆivM cÉwZGiva ÞgZv
13bs cÉGk²i Dîi
axGi axGi KGg hvq ‰es ‰K chÆvGq Zv mÁ·ƒYÆi‚Gc bÓ¡ nGq
hvq| HIV AvKÌv¯¦ nGj eÅvKGUwiqv- fvBivm ‰es AbÅvbÅ K cÉwZew®¬ nGjv Zviv hviv Š`wnK, gvbwmK I
ˆevakwÚRwbZ Amyweavq mvgvwRK f„wgKv cvjGb eÅ^Æ I
gvBGKÌv AMÆvwbRg «¼viv msNwUZ ˆivM mnGRB kixiGK AvKvÌ ¯¦ Õ¼vfvweK Rxebhvcb ˆ^GK ewçZ|
KGi ˆdGj| ‰BWm ‰i KvhKÆ i cÉwZGlaK ‰LbI AvweÓ•‡Z
nqwb| ‰RbÅB ‰BWmGK NvZKeÅvwa ev giYeÅvwa ejv nq| L LvG`Å ˆfRvj ‰KwU gvivñK mvgvwRK Aciva|
LvG`Å ˆfRvj ejGZ ˆevSvq, cÉvK‡wZK I Õ¼vfvweK DcvGq
myZivs ejv hvq, DóxcGKi gvndzRI ‰BWm ˆivGM AvKÌv¯¦| Lv`Å`ËeÅ cÉÕ§Z bv KGi ÞwZKi, wbÁ²gvGbi I AÕ¼vÕ©ÅKi
Dcv`vb w`Gq ŠZwi Kiv| fvGjv I DrK‡Ó¡ LvG`Åi mvG^ wbK‡Ó¡
N ˆhme KviGY DÚ ˆivGMi A^Ævr giYeÅvwa ‰BWm-‰i wKsev RbÕ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ ÞwZKi welvÚ ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ ev is
weÕ¦vi NGU ˆmàGjv nGjv: ˆgkvGbv nGjI Zv ˆfRvj eGj MYÅ nGe| LvG`Å ˆfRvj
welqwU mvaviYZ `yBfvGe mÁ·®² nq| h^v@ AmveavbZvekZ
 ‰BP.AvB.wf «¼viv AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚi iÚ MnÉ Y KiGj| ev AwbœQvK‡Z ‰es BœQvK‡Z| gvQ, gvsm, dj A^ev mewRGZ
ÞwZKi welvÚ ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ, ˆhgb@ KÅvjwmqvg KveÆvBW,
 Bb&GRKkGbi ‰KB myP I wmwié ‰KvwaK eÅwÚ eÅenvi Bw^wjb I digvwjb ˆgkvGbv LvG`Å ˆfRvGji D`vniY|
KiGj wKsev AcwiGkvwaZ AeÕ©vq eÅen†Z nGj,
M DóxcGK Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi ÞwZKi cÉfve wnGmGe
 ‰BP. AvB. wf msKÌwgK gvGqi `ya cvGbi gvaÅGg| cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvM, cÉvwY‹ewPGòÅi ügwK I gvbyGli Õ¼vfvweK
RxebhvcGbi Q±`cZGbi welqàGjv ewYÆZ nGqGQ|
 ‰BP.AvB.wf. ‰es ‰BWm AvKÌv¯¦ ˆKvGbv bvix ev cyi‚Gli cvVÅeBGqi eYÆbvq ˆ`Lv hvq, Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi KzcÉfve
mvG^ AbÅ ˆKvGbv myÕ© cyi‚l ev bvixi Awbivc` Š`wnK evsjvG`Gki Ici meGPGq ˆewk| evsjvG`Gki DcK„jeZÆx
wgjGbi dGj| AçjmgƒGn gÅvbGMÉvf dGiÕ¡ ÞwZi gyGL coGQ| Rxe‹ewPòÅ
a»sm nGœQ| K‡wl RwgGZ jeYvÚZv e†w«¬ cvGœQ| wgVv cvwbi
 ‰BP.AvB.wf msKÌwgZ Aã (ˆhgb@n†rwcí, wKWwb, gvQ nvwiGq hvGœQ| Avi ‰i ÞwZKi cÉfve coGQ gvbyGli
KwbÆqv BZÅvw`) ev ˆKvlmgwÓ¡ ˆKvGbv myÕ© eÅwÚi ˆ`Gn Rxeb-RxweKvi Ici| evsjvG`Gki DcK„jxq AçGj ‰ chƯ¦
cÉwZÕ©vcb KiGj, ˆek KGqKwU gvivñK NƒwYÆSo I RGjvœQ¾vm AvNvZ nvGb| ‰GZ
AGbK gvbyGli cÉvYnvwb, Mevw` c÷ I dmGji eÅvcK ÞqÞwZ
 ‰BP.AvB.wf msKÌwgZ ˆivMxi ˆÞGò eÅen†Z AcvGikGbi nGqGQ| 1970 mvGji 12 bGfÁ¼i NƒwYÆSo I RGjvœQ¾vGm cÉvq
h¯¨cvwZ RxevbygyÚ bv KGi eÅenvi KiGj, `k jÞ gvbyGli gyZÅz nq| mvÁ·ÉwZK KvGj NGU hvq NƒwYÆSo
wmWi I AvBjv| 2007 mvGji 15 bGfÁ¼i wmWi-‰ 28wU
 ‰BP.AvB.wf ‰es ‰BW&m-‰ AvKvÌ ¯¦ gvGqi gvaÅGg wk÷ ˆRjvi 30 jÞ gvbyl ‰es 2009 mvGji 20 ‰wcÉj AvBjvq
MfÆveÕ©vq, cÉmGei mgq, gvGqi `ya cvGbi gvaÅGg gvbyl, c÷cvwL, dmj I Nievwoi eÅvcK ÞqÞwZ nq|
msKÌwgZ nGZ cvGi| Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi dGj evsjvG`Gk Liv, ŠkZÅcÉevn ‰es gvbyl
I AbÅvbÅ cÉvYxi wewf®² cÉKvGii gvivñK ˆivM ˆ`Lv w`GœQ|
DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, gvndzR PvKzwi myevG` `wÞY AvwdÌKv A^Ævr Rjevqy cwieZÆb evsjvG`Gki my`ƒicÉmvix cÉfve ˆdjGQ|
AeÕ©vbKvGj moK `yNÆUbvq AvnZ nGq nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ nGj,
nvmcvZvj ˆ^GK ZvGK iÚ wbGZ nq| ‰ici ˆ^GK ˆm me N DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ DÚ cÉfve A^Ævr Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi
mgq R¾i R¾i fve, gv^veÅ^v, kixGi KÑv¯¦fve, gvsmGcwk I cÉfve ˆ^GK gwy Úi Dcvq AvGQ|
wMivq eÅ^v Abyfe KGi| dGj ˆm ˆ`Gk ‰Gm nvmcvZvGj Rjevqyi cwieZÆGbi cÉfve ˆ^GK gywÚ ˆcGZ ‰es cwieZÆb
ˆMGj WvÚvi wewf®² cixÞv-wbixÞv KGi eGjb ˆh, gvndzR ˆivGa ‰LbB wek¼GK ‰K ˆhvGM KvR KiGZ nGe| Rjevqy
‰KwU fvBivmRwbZ ˆivGM AvKvÌ ¯¦ nGqGQ| hv ‰BP.AvB.wf cwieZÆbRwbZ msKU m†wÓ¡GZ wkG͸v®Z² ˆ`kàGjvi f„wgKv
«¼viv AvKvÌ ¯¦ eÅwÚi iÚ MÉnGYi dGj AvKvÌ ¯¦ nGqGQ eGj ˆewk| ZvB wkG͸v®²Z ˆ`kàGjv hvGZ ‰ mgmÅvi cÉwZKvGi cƒeÆ
DóxcGK BwãZ ˆ`qv nGqGQ| mZKÆZvgƒjK eÅeÕ©v MÉnGY KvhÆKi eÅeÕ©v wbGZ cvGi Zv
wbwøZ KiGZ nGe| ˆ`Gki mKj Õ©vGb eÅvcK ebvqb
cÉk² 13 c†w^ex D nGœQ ‰es Rjevqy KÌgk cwiewZÆZ KgÆmƒwPi evÕ¦evqb KiGZ nGe| b`xi ZxieZÆx ‰es mgy`Ë
DcK„jeZÆx Õ©vGb AMÉvwaKvi wfwîGZ ebvqb KgÆmƒwP MÉnY
nGœQ| Rjevqy cwieZÆb c†w^exi mKj Õ©vGb ˆfŒZ, cÉvK‡wZK,

mvgvwRK I A^Æ‹bwZK ˆÞòmn gvbeGMvÓ¤xi Rxeb I Rxeb

eÅeÕ©vi Ici cÉfve ˆdjGQ| wK¯§ ‰ cwieZÆb wbQK cÉvK‡wZK

bq eis ‰i ˆewki fvMB gvbyGli m†wÓ¡| wkLbdj-13 I 15

K. cÉwZe®¬x Kviv? 1

L. LvG`Å ˆfRvj ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2

M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Rjevqyi cwieZÆb evsjvG`Gki Ici

Kxi…c cÉfve ˆdjGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3

10 cvGéix m†Rbkxj ˆcŒibxwZ I mykvmb w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

KiGZ nGe| MvQcvjv a»sm ‰es MvQcvjvi A‹ea eÅemvqxG`i (msGkvwaZ) AvBb-2005, ˆfvÚv AwaKvi msiÞb AvBb-
wei‚G«¬ mvgvwRK cÉwZGiva MGo ZyjGZ nGe| wewf®² wkÞv 2009, wbivc` Lv`Å AvBb 2013, övgÅgvb Av`vjZ
cÉwZÓ¤vb, KjKviLvbv, AvgvG`i Š`bw±`b RxeGbi cGYÅ cwiPvjbv cÉf‡wZ| ‰gbwU DóxcGKI jÞÅYxq|
wm‰dwm MÅvGmi eÅenvi wbwl«¬ KiGZ nGe| hvbevnb I DóxcGK dviw`b wUwfGZ ‰KwU msev` ˆ`LGQ I ‰i ‰KwU
KjKviLvbvq cwiGek mnvqK R¾vjvwbi eÅenvi KiGZ nGe| `†kÅ Zvi fvGjv jvGM| ‰ msevG` ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ, miKvi
eÅen†Z eGRÆi we÷«¬KiGYi eÅeÕ©v KiGZ nGe| cigvYy övgÅgvb Av`vjGZi gvaÅGg LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GYi KvhKÆ Ìg
AGÕ¨i cixÞv I cigvYy AGÕ¨i Drcv`b wbwl«¬ KiGZ cwiPvjbv KiGQ| ‰wU LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GY miKvGii ‰KwU
Av¯¦RÆvwZK gnjGK ˆmvœPvi nGZ nGe, wek¼eÅvcx AvG±`vjb AvBbMZ DG`ÅvM| ZvB ejv hvq, dviw`Gbi ˆ`Lv msevG`i
MGo ZyjGZ nGe| Rjevqy cwieZÆbRwbZ mgmÅv mgMÉ gvbe `†GkÅ evsjvG`Gk LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GY AvBbMZ cÉwZKvGii
RvwZGK ‰K Pig msKU ‰i w`GK ˆVGj w`GœQ| AvgvG`i cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv hvq|
fwelÅr cÉR¯ÃGK DÚ msKGUi fqvenZv ˆ^GK iÞv KiGZ
mevBGK ‰K ˆhvGM KvR KiGZ nGe| wek¼evmx mGPZbfvGe N nuÅv, DóxcGK dviw`Gbi g¯¦eÅ A^Ævr ‘LvG`Å ˆfRvj
KvR KiGj ‰ msKU ˆ^GK gwy Ú cvIqv mÁ¿e| wbq¯¨GY miKvGii mvG^ eÅemvqx I ˆfvÚvG`iI DG`ÅvM MÉnY
KiGZ nGe’- ‰wUi mvG^ ‰KgZ ˆcvlY KiwQ|
cÉk² 14 dviw`b wUwfGZ ‰KwU msev` ˆ`LGQ| msevG`i LvG`Å ˆfRvj gvbe-Õ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ gvivñK ÞwZKi| ‰wU
wbq¯¨GY miKvi BGZvgGaÅ wewf®² DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGiGQ| ‰i
‰KwU `†kÅ Zvi Lye fvj ˆjGMGQ| H msevG` ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ cvkvcvwk LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GY eÅemvqx I ˆfvÚvG`iI wewf®²
DG`ÅvM MÉnY Kiv cÉGqvRb|
miKvi övgÅgvY Av`vjGZi gvaÅGg LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GYi AGbK mgq ævb I mGPZbZvi AfvGe dmGji ˆcvKvgvKo
wbq¯¨GY gvòvwZwiÚ KxUbvkK eÅen†Z nq| ‰GZ Drcvw`Z
KvhKÆ Ìg cwiPvjbv KiGQ| ˆkGl dviw`b eGj ˆh, ‰i mvG^ djm ˆfRvjhyÚ nGq ˆhGZ cvGi| ZvB KxUbvkGKi eÅenvi
wewa mÁ·GKÆ mGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ KiGZ nGe| AGbK eÅemvqx
eÅemvqx I ˆfvÚvG`iI DG`ÅvM MnÉ Y KiGZ nGe| AwaK gybvdv jvGfi Avkvq LvG`Åi mvG^ wbÁ²gvGbi Lv`Å
ˆgkvq| ‰Qvov gvbeÕ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ ÞwZKi welvÚ wewf®²
wkLbdj-7 I 9 ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ ˆhgb- KÅvjwmqvg KveÆvBW, digvwjb,
KxUbvkK ev welvÚ is ˆgkvq| hv Õ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ gvivñK
K. digvwjb Kx? 1 ÞwZKviK| eÅemvqxiv hw` gybvdvGjvfx bv nGq wbGRG`i ‰me
KvR ˆ^GK `ƒGi ivGLb, ZvnGj LvG`Å ˆfRvj AGbKvsGk nËvm
L. LvG`Å ˆfRvGji `ywU aiY eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 Kiv mÁ¿e|
DcGii AvGjvPbv ˆ^GK ejv hvq, ˆfvÚvG`i ævb I mGPZbZv
M. DóxcGK wUwfGZ dviw`Gbi ˆ`Lv msevG`i `†GkÅ e†w«¬ KGi ‰es eÅemvqxG`i gƒjÅGeva RvMÉZ KGi LvG`Å
ˆfRvj AGbKvsGk wbq¯¨Y Kiv mÁ¿e|
evsjvG`Gk LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GY ˆKvb DG`ÅvGMi

cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv hvq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3

N. DóxcGK dviw`Gbi g¯¦GeÅi mvG^ Zzwg wK ‰KgZ?

ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hwy Ú `vI| 4

14bs cÉGk²i Dîi

K dvigvwjb nGjv gvbe-Õ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ ÞwZKi welvÚ
ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ|

L LvG`Å ˆfRvj mvaviYZ `yB fvGe mÁ·®² nq- cÉk² 15 DcK„jxq AçGji ˆewkifvM gvbyl grmÅ I jeY
1. AmveavbZvekZ ev AwbœQvK‡Z : ‰wU mvaviYZ ævb I
`vwqZ½ mGPZbZvi AfvGe nGq ^vGK| ‰i ‰KwU cÉK‡Ó¡ PvGli mvG^ mÁ·†Ú| ZGe mÁ·ÉwZ mgyG`Ëi cvwb e†w«¬ I AwZ
D`vniY nGjv- dmGj ˆcvKvgvKo wbq¯¨GY AwaK gvòvq jeYvÚZvi KviGY grmÅ I jeY Pvl ˆewk gvòvq ÞwZMÉÕ©
KxUbvkK eÅenvi Kiv| ‰GZ AGbK mgq Drcvw`Z dmj nGœQ| dGj H AçGji gvbyGli cƒeÆZb ˆckv ügKxi gyGL
ˆfRvjhÚy nGq ˆhGZ cvGi| cGoGQ|
2. BœQvK‡Z : AwaK gybvdv jvGfi Avkvq LvG`Åi mvG^ wkLbdj-13 I 14
wbÁg² vGbi Lvevi ev ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ wgkvGbv nq| ‰B ˆfRvjwU
meGPGq ÞwZKviK| K. MÉxb nvDm MÅvm Kx? 1
L. Šewk¼K Dúvqb ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
M. DóxcGK Rjevqyi cwieZÆGbi ˆKvb KviGY DÚ
AçGji gvbyGli ˆckv ügKx mÁÃyLxb nGœQ? weGkÏlY
Ki| 3
M DóxcGK wUwfGZ dviw`Gbi ˆ`Lv msevG`i `†GkÅ N. DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ mgmÅv mgvavGb Kx Kx mycvwik
evsjvG`Gk LvG`Å ˆfRvj wbq¯¨GY AvBbMZ DG`ÅvGMi Zzwg KiGe? AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv hvq|
LvG`Å ˆfRvj ‰KwU mvgvwRK Aciva| ‰wU gvbeÕ¼vGÕ©Åi 15bs cÉGk²i Dîi
RbÅ ügwKÕ¼i…c| ‰RbÅ evsjvG`Gk miKvi LvG`Å ˆfRvj
wbq¯¨GYi RbÅ wewf®² AvBbMZ DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGi| ‰i gGaÅ K evqyg´£Gj ˆhme MÅvm ˆhgb- KveÆb-WvB-AÝvBW,
iGqGQ we‰mwUAvB (msGkvwaZ) AvBb-2003, we÷«¬ Lv`Å ˆKÑvGivGdvÑ Giv KveÆb, wgG^b, mvjdvi WvB-AÝvBW,
bvBGUÇvGRb AÝvBW cÉfw‡ Z mƒGhÆi Zvc AvUGK ˆiGL c†w^exGK
Dú ivGL, ˆmme MÅvmGK MÉxb nvDm MÅvm eGj|

bvMwiK mgmÅv I AvgvG`i KiYxq 11

L weGk¼ DúvqGbi nvi KÌgv¯¼Gq e†w«¬ cvIqvGK Šewk¼K jeYvÚZvi KviGY grmÅ I jeY Pvl ˆewk gvòvq ÞwZMÉÕ¦
Dúvqb ejv nq| nGœQ| dGj H AçGji gvbyGli ˆckv ügwKi gyGL cGoGQ| ‰
evqygíGj cÉvK‡wZKfvGe m†Ó¡ MÅvm ˆhgb KveÆb-WvB-AÝvBW mewKQy Šewk¼K DúvqGbi cÉfve| ZvB ejv hvq, DÚ AçGji
‰es wgG^Gbi ‰K aiGbi Zvc aviYÞg cÉfve iGqGQ| gvbyGli ˆckv Šewk¼K DúvqGbi KviGY ügwKi gGaÅ cGoGQ|
evqygíGj ‰ iKg bvbv aiGbi wMÉbnvDm MÅvGmi gvòv ˆeGo
wMGq gnvkƒGbÅ Zvc wbMgÆ Gb evavi m†wÓ¡ KiGQ, hvi djvdj N DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ mgmÅv A^Ævr Rjevqy cwieZÆGb m†Ó¡
nGœQ Šewk¼K Dúvqb| hLb evqygíGj wMÉbnvDm MÅvGmi gvòv mgmÅv mgvavGb Avwg wbGÁ²vÚ mycvwikàGjv MnÉ Y KiGZ eje -
ˆeGo hvq ZLb Õ¼vfvweKfvGeB gnvkƒGbÅ ZvGci wewKiY KGg ebf„wg iÞv : cwiGeGki fvimvgÅ iÞv KGi MvQcvjv| ZvB
hvq ‰es Šewk¼K Zvcgvòv ˆeGo hvq hv Šewk¼K Dúvqb wnGmGe wbweÆPvGi hvGZ ebf„wg a»sm Kiv bv nq ˆmw`GK jÞÅ ivLGZ
cwiwPZ| nGe| mviv ˆ`keÅvcx ebvqb KvhÆKgÌ cwiPvjbv KiGZ nGe|
DcK„j I b`xi ZxieZÆx AçGj ebvqb KgÆmƒwP e†w«¬ KiGZ
M DóxcGK Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi gƒjZ MÉxb nvDm MÅvGmi NbZ½ nGe|
e†w«¬ cvIqvq Šewk¼K DúZv e†w«¬ ˆcGq PGjGQ| ‰i gvivñK wMÉb nvDm MÅvm wbMgÆ b ˆiva : wMÉb nvDm MÅvmmgƒn wbMgÆ b
cÉfve Rjevq-y msKÌv¯¦ `ƒGhÆvGMi gvòv Šewk¼K DúvqGbi KviGY ˆiva KiGZ nGe| wk͸KviLvbv, BUfvUv BZÅvw`i ˆauvqv hZ`ƒi
DÚ Açj A^Ævr DcK„jxq AçGji gvbyGli ˆckv ügwKi mÁ¿e cwiGekev®¬e Kivi RbÅ ˆkvab KGi cwiGeGk AegÚy
mÁÃyLxb nGœQ| KiGZ nGe| R¾vjvwb wnGmGe KvV I RxevkÄ R¾vjvwbi eÅenvi
Šewk¼K DúvqGbi dGj mgyG`Ëi cvwbi DœPZv e†w«¬ cvGœQ| dGj e®¬ KiGZ nGe|
DcK„jeZÆx AçjmgƒGn mgGy `Ëi cvwb XzGK MvQcvjv, mvgvwRK mGPZbZv e†w«¬ : Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi SzuwK mÁ·GKÆ
grmÅLvgvi I kmÅGÞGZi ÞwZ nGœQ| K‡wl Rwgi DeÆiZv KGg mGPZbZv MGo ˆZvjvi RbÅ wcÉ´Ÿ wgwWqv I BGjKUÇwbK
hvGœQ| mGevÆ cwi ‰i cÉfve coGQ gvbyGli Rxeb-RxweKvi wgwWqvq eÅvcK cÉPviYv PvjvGZ nGe| wkÞv^ÆxG`i cvVÅKÌGg
Dci| DóxcGKI ‰gbwU ˆ`Lv hvq| Rjevqy cwieZÆGbi welqwU A¯¦fzÆÚ Kiv nGe|
DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, DcK„jxq AçGji ˆewkifvM gvbyl grmÅ
I jeY PvGli mvG^ mÁ·†Ú| mÁ·ÉwZ mgyG`Ëi cvwb e†w«¬ I AwZ

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK

 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk² QovGZ cvGi| mgKvgx cyi‚lG`i ˆÞGò ‰B SzuwKi cÉeYZv
ˆewk|
cÉk²16 ŠmKZ ‰KwU AwdGm PvKwi KGi| ˆm wbqgewnf„ÆZ
mycvi wUc&m: cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ
c¯©vq RbmvaviGYi wbKU ˆ^GK A^Æ Av`vq KGi| mvaviY Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe

gvbyl weiÚ nGjI KvR cvIqvi Avkvq ZvGK wKQy eGj bv| M `ybÆxwZi aviYv eÅvLÅv KGiv|

‰K`v Rbve Rvgvb mvGne UvKv w`GZ AÕ¼xK‡wZ Rvbvb ‰es N `ybÆxwZ weÕ¦vGii KviY chvÆ GjvPbv KGiv|

ZvGK eGjb, ŠmKZ mvGne, A‹ea c¯©vq UvKv Av`vq KGi

Avcwb ˆ`k I RvwZi ÞwZ KiGQb|  wkLbdj: 4 cÉk² 17 i‚gv «¼v`k ˆkÉwYi ‰KRb ˆgavex Qvòx| ˆm KGjGR

K. ‰BWm Kx? 1 hvIqvi cG^ KGqKRb eLvGU hyeK ZvGK cÉvqB DZÅÚ KGi|

L. ‰BPAvBwf msKÌwgZ nIqvi ‰KwU cÉavb KviY i‚gv ‰i cÉwZev` KiGj iwb ‰wmW gvivi ügwK ˆ`q| mvnmx

eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 i‚gv AvBb cÉGqvMKvix msÕ©vGK welqwU AewnZ KGib| AvBb

M. ŠmKZ mvGnGei KgÆKvGí ˆh aviYvi cÉwZdjb cÉGqvMKvix msÕ©vi Z½wiZ c`GÞGc QvòxwUi wbivcîv wbwøZ

NGUGQ Zv eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 nq| wkLbdj-10 I 11 [miKvwi kvn myjZvb KGjR, eàov]

N. ŠmKZ mvGnGei gGZv ˆjvKG`i ‰gb AvPiY Kivi K. 'OIC' ‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1

KviYàGjv AvGjvPbv Ki| 4 L. `ybÆxwZ ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2

16bs cÉGk²i Dîi M. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ iwbmn AbÅvbÅ eLvGU hyeKG`i

K ‰BWm nGœQ fvBivm «¼viv msKÌwgZ ‰KwU gvivñK AvPiYGK Zzwg Kx bvGg AvLÅvwqZ KiGe ‰es ˆKb?3
ˆhŒbevwnZ msKÌvgK ˆivM|
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki, DwÍÏwLZ ‘wbivcîv’ bvix wkÞvi

L ‰BPAvBwf msKÌwgZ nIqvi ‰KwU AbÅZg cÉavb KviY Ici BwZevPK cÉfve ˆdjGe? 4
nGœQ ˆhŒb wgjb| ˆhŒb wgjGbi gvaÅGg ‰BPAvBwf bvgK
fvBivm ‰KRb gwnjv ˆ^GK cyi‚Gl, cyi‚l ˆ^GK gwnjvi gvGS