civics_2nd 2021

1 gGWj ˆUÕ¡-1 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 m†Rbkxj cÉk² mgq 2 N¥Ÿv 10 wgwbU gvb 60 [`ËÓ¡eÅ : `wÞY cvk¼ÆÕ© msLÅv cÉGk²i gvbævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ˆgvU QqwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI|] 1 K. jvGnvi cÉÕ¦ve DïvwcZ nq KZ mvGj? 1 L. cÉv^wgK AeÕ©vq gymwjg jxGMi KqwU DGókÅ wQj? 2 M. e†î ‘2’-‰i ‘?’ wPwn×Z Õ©vGb Kx emGe? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. e†î ‘3’ ‰ ˆh w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ Zvi cÉwZwKÌqv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 2 wbGPi wPòàGjv ˆ`L ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI : K. evsjv fvlvGK Av¯¦RÆvwZK gvZ‡fvlv wnGmGe Õ¼xK‡wZ ˆ`q ˆKvb msÕ©v? 1 L. 1954 mvGj hyÚdÌ´Ÿ MVGbi DGókÅ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. 1bs wPGò ˆKvb HwZnvwmK AvG±`vjGbi BwãZ enb KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ‘1bs wPGòi wfwîcÉÕ¦Gii gGaÅ 2bs wPGòi BÕ¡K Lí jyØvBZ wQj’ gZvgZ `vI| 4 3 gvwKÆb hyÚivGÓ¡Ìi msweavb ‰KwU wjwLZ `wjj| `yÓ·wieZÆbxq ‰ msweavGb ivÓ¡Ì cwiPvjbvi gƒjbxwZ I bvMwiKG`i ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi mw®²GewkZ nGqGQ| hyÚivÓ¡Ìxq miKvieÅeÕ©v, w«¼KÞwewkÓ¡ AvBbmfv, ivÓ¡ÌcwZ kvwmZ miKvi c«¬wZ, wePvi wefvGMi mveÆGfŒgZ½ ‰ msweavGbi AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å| K. evsjvG`Gki msweavb ejer Kiv nq ˆKvb mvGji KZ ZvwiGL? 1 L. evsjvG`k msweavGbi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. gvwKÆb msweavGbi ŠewkGÓ¡Åi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki msweavGbi ˆh mv`†kÅ cvIqv hvq Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. gvwKÆb hyÚivÓ¡Ì I evsjvG`Gki msweavGbi gGaÅ wgj ^vKGjI ˆek Šemv`†kÅI jÞ Kiv hvq ˆZvgvi cvVÅeB-‰i AvGjvGK ‰ cÉÕ¦vebvi cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4 4 ˆgŒwgZv Zvi ˆhŒZyKGjvfx jÁ·U Õ¼vgxi wbhÆvZGb AwZÓ¤ nGq gvgjv Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| wK¯¦y Zvi Õ¼vgxi eo fvB wbeÆvnx wefvGMi ‰KRb c`Õ© KgÆKZÆv| ZvB ˆgŒwgZv bÅvqwePvGii Avkâv cÉKvk KGi| weæ AvBbRxex ZvGK wbiGcÞ I bÅvqwePvGii wbøqZv w`Gj ˆgŒwgZv wePvi wefvGMi c†^KxKiY I Õ¼vaxbZvi cÉk² ˆZvGj| AvBbRxex Avey ˆnvGmb mvGne ˆgŒwgZvGK eGjb, 2007 mvGji 1 bGfÁ¼i wbeÆvnx wefvM ˆ^GK wePvi wefvMGK Avjv`v Kiv nq| gvgjvq ˆgŒwgZv bÅvqwePvi cvb| K. mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi wePviKG`i PvKwii ˆgqv` KZ eQi eqm chƯ¦? 1 L. mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi MVb mÁ·GKÆ hv Rvb ˆjL| 2 M. ˆgŒwgZv bÅvqwePvGii Avkâv cÉKvk KGi ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ˆgŒwgZv bÅvqwePvGii Õ¼vG^Æ ˆKvb aiGbi wePvi wefvM Avkv KGi eGj Zywg gGb KGiv? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 5 mÁ·ÉwZ Õ©vbxq miKvi msGkvab wej-2011 RvZxq msmG` cvk nq| ‰ AvBGbi gvaÅGg XvKv gnvbMixGK `yB fvGM wefÚ Kiv nGqGQ| XvKv Dîi I XvKv `wÞY| iwgR gGb KGi, gnvbMGii mvweÆK D®²qb cwiK͸bv MÉnY I ‰i myÓ¤z evÕ¦evqGbi jGÞÅB ‰gbwU Kiv nGqGQ| K. KqRb ˆgqi wbGq ˆcŒimfv MwVZ nq? 1 L. evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq miKvieÅeÕ©vi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. DóxcGKi AvGjvPbvq ˆh Õ©vbxq miKvieÅeÕ©vi BwãZ ˆ`Iqv nGqGQ ˆmwUi MVb KvVvGgv eYÆbv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ Õ©vbxq miKvieÅeÕ©v knGii D®²qGbi RGbÅ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv ivGL@ Zzwg wK ‰ eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 6 ‘K’ ˆ`Gk àwj, msNlÆ, eÅvjU evÝ wQbZvB, RvjGfvU, ˆK±`Ê `Lj I eRÆGbi gaÅw`Gq ˆkl nGjv DcGRjv cwilG`i wbeÆvPb| mKvj 8Uvq ˆfvUMÉnY PjGjI AGbK Õ©vGb ˆfvUvi DcwÕ©wZ wQj ‰GKevGiB Kg| KviPzwci AwfGhvM ‰Gb ˆfvU eRÆb KGiGQb ˆek KGqKwU DcGRjvi cÉv^Æx| K. `ybÆxwZ `gb KwgkGbi cÉavb KvhÆvjq ˆKv^vq? 1 L. mnKvix ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji cÉGqvRbxqZv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. DóxcGKi DcGRjv wbeÆvPGb wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi ˆKvb KvGRi eÅ^ÆZv cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. wbeÆvPb KwgkbvGii ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj DcÕ©vcGb DóxcKwU h^v^Æ wKbv Zv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 7 11B Rvbyqvwi 2011, 30 eQi ÞgZvq AvKGo ^vKv wgkGii ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ ˆnvmwb gyeviK c`ZÅvM KGib| MYZ¯¨ cÉZÅvkx RbMGYi MYAvG±`vjGb c`ZÅvM KiGZ evaÅ nb ‰B mvgwiK kvmK| Zvi c`ZÅvGMi ci ˆmLvGb AbywÓ¤Z nq `xNÆ cÉZxwÞZ mvaviY wbeÆvPb| ‰ wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg ˆ`kwUGZ ÞgZv MÉnY KGib RbMGYi wbeÆvwPZ MYZvw¯¨K miKvi| K. 1985 mvGj Kvi DG`ÅvGM MYGfvU AbywÓ¤Z nGqwQj? 1 L. RbMY I RbcÉwZwbwaGZ½i mÁ·KÆ ˆKgb? 2 M. DóxcGKi NUbvi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki ˆh NUbvi wgj iGqGQ Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ NUbvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ AbywÓ¤Z wbeÆvPGbi ŠewkÓ¡Å I djvdj ˆjGLv|4 8 `yB w`Gbi mdGi evsjvG`Gk ‰GmwQGjb meGPGq e†nr Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi gnvmwPe| wZwb ‰G`Gki KGqKwU MÉvg NyGi ˆ`GLb, ˆhLvGb H msÕ©v cwiPvwjZ KvhÆKÌg Pvjy iGqGQ| wZwb gvbyGli wewf®² mgmÅvi K^v ˆkvGbb ‰es mnGhvwMZvi Avk¼vm ˆ`b| Zvi AvGM ‰ msÕ©vi AviI wZbRb gnvmwPe ‰G`k mdi KGiGQb| evsjvG`Gki mvG^ ‰ msÕ©vi mÁ·GKÆi MfxiZvi KviGYB ‰Uv mÁ¿e nGqGQ| m`mÅ c` cvIqvi ci ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi eZÆgvb mgq chƯ¦ AK‡wòg e®¬yi gGZv msÕ©vwU memgq evsjvG`Gki cvGk ˆ^GKGQ| K. mvGKÆi mµ¦`k mGÁÃjb ˆKv^vq AbywÓ¤Z nGqGQ? 1 L. evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK mÁ·GKÆi gƒj bxwZàGjv Kx Kx? 2 M. DóxcGK ˆKvb Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vwUi K^v ejv nGqGQ? msÕ©vwUi gnvmwPGei `vwqZ½ eYÆbv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ msÕ©vwUi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki mÁ·KÆ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 9 eiKZ ‰KwU miKvwi AwdGm wcqb wnmvGe KgÆiZ| AwdGmi bvbv cG` PvKwi cÉv^ÆxG`i KvGQ eiKZ ‰KRb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ eÅwÚ| ˆgvUv UvKvi wewbgGq PvKwii RbÅ mycvwik KGi AGbKGK PvKwi cvBGq w`GqGQ eiKZ| ‰ ˆÞGò `ybÆxwZi gvaÅGg cÉvµ¦ UvKvàGjv AwdGmi DœP chÆvq chƯ¦ fvM evGUvqviv nGq ^vGK| ‰QvovI ‰B AwdGm UvKv bv w`Gj ˆKvGbv KvR mgqgGZv nq bv eGjI `ybÆvg AvGQ| K. Av¯¦RÆvwZK `ybÆxwZweGivax w`em ˆKvb w`Gb cvwjZ nq? 1 L. `ybÆxwZ cÉwZGivGa ZG^Åi Aeva cÉevn ˆKb Ri‚wi eywSGq `vI| 2 M. eiKGZi AwdGm `ybÆxwZi ˆcQGb ˆh KviYàGjv `vqx Zv ZzGj aGiv| 3 N. DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ `ybÆxwZi wPò mgvRRxeGb ˆKgb cÉfve ˆdjGZ cvGi? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 gGWj ˆUÕ¡: cƒYÆvã cÉÕ§wZ 1 cƒeÆeã I Avmvg cÉG`k 2 ? 3 evsjv ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö 1911 mvGj wPò-2 wPò-1 (1905 mvj) evsjv ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö

2 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-40 wgwbU gvb-40 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| 1. Zgyób gRwjm MwVZ nq KLb? K 1947 mvGji 18 ˆg L 1947 mvGji 1 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i M 1947 mvGji 14 AvMÕ¡ N 1948 mvGji 25 ˆdeË‚qvwi 2. ivÓ¡Èfvlv msMÉvg cwilG`i AvnevqK ˆK wQGjb? K axGi±`Êbv^ `î L nvweeyi ingvb M MvRxDj nK N kvgmyi ingvb 3. meÆ`jxq Qvò msMÉvg cwil` MVGbi wcQGb ˆcÉiYv hywMGqwQj @ i. AvMiZjv loh¯¨ gvgjv ii. fvlv AvG±`vjb iii. kvmKG`i `gbbxwZ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 4. ‘ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ Av`kÆ @ ˆK Rvwi KGib? K AvBqye Lvb L ˆgvbvGqg Lvb M RyjwdKvi Avjx fyGëvN Bqvwnqv Lvb 5. cvwKÕ¦vb m†wÓ¡i ci ˆKvb kniGK ivRavbx Kiv nGqwQj? K Bmjvgvev` L KivwP M XvKv N cvéve 6. ‘‰evGii msMÉvg AvgvG`i gywÚi msMÉvg, ‰evGii msMÉvg AvgvG`i Õ¼vaxbZvi msMÉvg, @ ‰ DwÚwUi mvG^ RwoZ @ i. eãe®¬yi 7 gvGPÆi fvlY ii. ˆimGKvmÆ gq`vb iii. eãe®¬yi Õ¼vaxbZv ˆNvlYv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii AbyGœQ`wU cGo 7 I 8 bs cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| ivbv wek¼we`ÅvjGq KÑvk Kivi mgq ‰KwU Qvò msMVGbi wgwQj ˆ`LGZ cvq| wgwQGji Qvò-Qvòxiv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ˆeZb e†w«¬i cÉwZevG` wgwQj ˆei KGiGQ| 7. ivbvi ˆ`Lv wgwQjwUi mvG^ cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi ˆKvb AvG±`vjGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? K Qq `dv L ‰Mvi `dv M fvlv AvG±`vjb N MYAfyÅïvb 8. DóxcGKi mvG^ mvgémÅcƒYÆ AvG±`vjbwUi wkÞv mÁ·wKÆZ `vwe wQj @ i. RvZxq wkÞv KwgkGbi wiGcvUÆ evwZj ii. KvjvKvbyb evwZj iii. wkÞv eÅq msGKvPb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 9. ˆkL gywReyi ingvbGK ‘eãe®¬y’ ˆLZve ˆ`qv nq ˆKb? K AvG±`vjb Kivi RbÅ L 6 `dvi RbÅ M Õ¼vaxbZv ˆNvlYv ˆ`qvi RbÅ N evsjv I evOvwj RbMYGK fvGjvevmvi RbÅ 10. 1831 mvGj bvwiGKjevwoqvi hyG«¬ BsGiR ˆmbvcwZ ˆK wQGjb? K gÅvKGWvbvΣ L Õ¡zqvUÆ M ‰Õ•bm N IqvjUb 11. Global warming ‰i RbÅ `vqx ˆK? i. mƒhÆ ii. MvQcvjv I ebRãj iii. gvbyl wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L ii M iii N i, ii I iii 12. ˆhme gvaÅGg ‰BWm Qovq bv @ i. iGÚi gvaÅGg ii. nvwmi gvaÅGg iii. ^y^yi gvaÅGg wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 13. cÉwZe®¬x kGõi BsGiwR kõ Kx? K Disability L Disable M Dispass N Discount 14. A‹ea c¯©vq RbÕ¼v^Æ weGivax KvRGK Kx eGj? K Õ¼RbcÉxwZ L PZziZv M cÉZviYv N `ybxÆwZ 15. LvG`Å ˆfRvj wgkvGbv ejGZ eySvq LvG`Åi mvG^@ i. wbÁ²gvGbi Lv`Å wgkvGbv ii. digvwjb wgkvGbv iii. iO wgkvGbv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 16. `ËeÅgƒGjÅi mvG^ ˆKvbwU mÁ·KÆhyÚ? K gy`ËvÕ¹xwZ L `ybxÆwZ M ˆfRvj N AwÕ©iZv 17. gƒjZ ˆKvb ˆ`kàwj wbGq KgbIGqj^ MwVZ nGqGQ? K BDGivc gnvG`kfyÚ L cÉvÚb weËwUk DcwbGekfyÚ M ‰wkqv gnvG`kfyÚ N AvwdÌKv gnvG`kfyÚ 18. evsjvG`k AaxbÕ¦ nGe bv @ i. cÉvGPÅi ii. cvøvGZÅi iii. ˆKvb e†nr kwÚeGMÆi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 19. ˆKvb msÕ©vwU weGk¼i gvbyGli Õ¼vÕ©Å iÞvi RbÅ KvR KGi hvGœQ| K UNESCO L UNICEF M WHO N ILO 20. wbeÆvPb KwgkGbi KvR nGjv @ i. ˆfvUvi ZvwjKv cÉÕ§ZKiGYi Zî½veavb, wbG`Ækbv I wbq¯¨Y ii. ivÓ¡ÈcwZ cG`i wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vb iii. msm` m`mÅG`i wbeÆvPb AbyÓ¤vb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 21. ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij ivÓ¡ÈcwZ KZƆK bÅÕ¦ `vwqZ½mgƒn cvjb KGi@ msweavGbi ˆKvb AbyGœQG` DGÍÏL AvGQ? K 61 L 62 M 63 N 64 22. `ybxÆwZ `gb KwgkGbi ˆPqvigÅvb ev KwgkbviG`i KxfvGe AcmvwiZ Kiv nq? K mywcÉgGKvGUÆi wePvicwZG`i bÅvq c«¬wZGZ L cÉavbg¯¨xi wbG`ÆGk M ivÓ¡ÈcwZi wbG`ÆGk N AwfmskGbi gvaÅGg 23. DcGRjv cwilG`i cÉkvmb I msÕ©vb msKÌv¯¦ KvR nGjv@ i. cuvVkvjv cwiK͸bv ŠZwi ii. miKvwi `dZGii KgÆmƒwP evÕ¦evqb iii. B MfGbÆm Pvjy I Drmvn cÉ`vb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 24. evsjvG`Gki mGeÆvœP AvBb KvGK eGj? K mywcÉgGKvUÆGK L msweavbGK M AaÕ¦b Av`vjZGK N cÉkvmwbK UÇvBeyÅbvjGK 25. wePviKG`i ˆeZb, fvZv I AbÅvbÅ myGhvM myweav wbaÆviY KGi ˆK? K RvZxq msm` L RbMY M A^Æg¯¨x N cÉavbg¯¨x 26. miKvwi KgÆKwgkGbi «¼viv wbhyÚ cÉRvZG¯¨i KgÆPvixG`i A^Æ`í ev AbÅvbÅ `ímn ZvG`i KvGRi kZÆvewj msKÌv¯¦ welq Kvi ‰LwZqvifyÚ? K cÉkvmwbK UÇvBeyÅbvjL nvBGKvUÆ M mywcÉgGKvUÆ N AaÕ¦b 27. AaÅvG`k cÉYqb I Rvwi KGib ˆK? K wÕ·Kvi L cÉavbg¯¨x M ivÓ¡ÈcwZ N cÉavb wePvicwZ 28. msm`xq miKvi eÅeÕ©vi cÉeZÆb NGU msweavGbi ˆKvb msGkvabx «¼viv? K «¼v`k L òGqv`k M PZz`Æk N cç`k 29. eãe®¬yi miKvGii mgGq evsjvG`k ˆhmKj Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi m`mÅc` jvf KGib ˆmàGjv nGjv@ i. RvwZmsN ii. KgbIGqj^ iii. IAvB wm wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 30. ˆeãj cÅvÙ nGjv @ i. wn±`y gymwjg mvÁcÉ`vGqi gGaÅ mÁcÉxwZ evovGbvi ˆPÓ¡v ii. wn±`y-gymwjg HKÅ evGo iii. wn±`y-gymwjgG`i gGaÅ mvÁcÉ`vwqKZv evovGbv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 31. fviZxq KvDw´Öj AvBb KZ mvGj cvm nq? K 1841 mvGj L 1851 mvGj M 1861 mvGj N 1871 mvGj 32. HwZnvwmK jvGnvi cÉÕ¦vGei gƒj wfwî Kx wQj? K w«¼-RvwZZî½ L mvÁcÉ`vwqKZv M RvwZMZ «¼±«¼ N fve-fvlv mv`†kÅ 33. fviZ mwPe c` wejywµ¦ nq KZ mvGj? K 1845 mvGj L 1846 mvGj M 1847 mvGj N 1848 mvGj 34. eãfGãi wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjGbi Ask wQj @ i. Õ¼G`wk AvG±`vjb ii. weGjwZ AvG±`vjb iii. fqâi cwiGek m†wÓ¡ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 35. gG´Ÿà ˆPgmGdvWÆ KZ mvGj cvm nq? K 1773 mvGj L 1748 mvGj M 1909 mvGj N 1919 mvGj 36. wPîiéb `vGmi ivR‹bwZK `Gji bvg @ K KsGMÉm L Õ¼ivR `j M kËwgK `j N K‡lK cÉRv`j wbGPi AbyGœQ`wU cGo 37 I 38 bs cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| ivwRGei ˆ`kwU ‰K mgq weG`wk kwÚ «¼viv kvwmZ nZ| ‰Kmgq JcwbGewkK miKvi ‰KwU AvBb KGi I `ywU ivGÓ¡Èi R®Â nq| ‰i ‰KwU ivwRGei ivÓ¡È| 37. DóxcGK ewYÆZ JcwbGewkK miKvGii ŠZwi AvBGbi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb AvBbwU mvgémÅcƒYÆ? K 1909 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb L 1919 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb M 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb N 1947 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb 38. DÚ AvBGbi dGj i. fviZeGlÆ weËwUk kvmGbi Aemvb nq ii. gymjgvbMY Avjv`v ivGÓ¡Èi AwaKvix nq iii. wn±`y gymwjg «¼G±«¼i Aemvb nq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 39. jvGnvi cÉÕ¦vGei gƒj AvGjvPÅ welq wQj @ K fviGZi kvmbZvw¯¨K mgmÅvi mgvavb L KsGMÉGmi mvG^ wgwjZ AvG±`vjGbi ˆNvlYv M cvwKÕ¦vb cÉwZÓ¤vi ˆNvlYvcò N KsGMÉGmi KzkvmGbi cÉwZev` Kiv 40. gGjÆ-wgG´Ÿv msÕ•vi AvBGbi gvaÅGg gymjgvbG`i ˆKvb `vwewU Õ¼xK‡wZ cvq? K Õ¼Z¯¨ wbeÆvPb eÅeÕ©vL Õ¼vaxbZv M Õ¼Z¯¨ cÉG`k N Õ¼Z¯¨ kvmbeÅeÕ©v

g‡Wj cÖkœ 3 gGWj ˆUÕ¡-2 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 m†Rbkxj cÉk² mgq 2 N¥Ÿv 10 wgwbU gvb 60 [`ËÓ¡eÅ : `wÞY cvk¼ÆÕ© msLÅv cÉGk²i gvbævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ˆgvU QqwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI|] 1 BwZnvm coGZ wMGq i‚bv RvbGZ cvij weËwUkiv ‰ DcgnvG`k cÉvq `yBk eQi kvmb-ˆkvlY KGiGQ| i‚bv Zvi `v`yi KvGQ ‰ eÅvcvGi RvbGZ PvBj| `v`y Zvi evÕ¦e AwfæZv ˆ^GK i‚bvi KvGQ weËwUk kvmb-ˆkvlGYi BwZnvm eYÆbv KiGZ jvMGjb| ‰KchÆvGq 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGbi cÉmãwU AvmGj `v`y ejGjb, fviGZi eZÆgvb hyÚivÓ¡Ìxq kvmbeÅeÕ©v 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGbi gaÅw`GqB ‰GmGQ| ‰ AvBbwU fviZxq RbMGYi AGbKw`Gbi `vwei ˆcÉwÞGZ Kiv nGjI ‰wU RbMGYi Avkv-AvKv›Þvi mvG^ KvhÆZfvGe msMwZcƒYÆ wQj bv| fviGZ meÆfviZxq hyÚivÓ¡Ì bxwZ Kiv nGjI ‰LvGb HKÅbxwZi e`Gj wefwÚ bxwZ Abym†Z nq| ZGe 1919 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGbi Zyjbvq 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb D®²Z wQj| K. 1937 mvGji wbeÆvPGb KsGMÉm KZwU Avmb jvf KGi? 1 L. eãfã Kx? 2 M. DóxcGK i‚bvi `v`y 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGbi meÆfviZxq hyÚivGÓ¡Ìi mgvGjvPbv KGiGQb ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. 1919 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGbi Zyjbvq 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBbGK D®²Z ejvi KviY weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 2 bvwnqvb Z‡Zxq weGk¼i ‰KwU ˆ`Gk emevm KGi| ˆ`kwU ‰K mgq civaxb wQj ‰es H civaxbZvi ˆklcÉvG¯¦ ˆKvb ‰K gvPÆ gvGmi ÷i‚GZB kvmKGkÉwYi kvmGbi wei‚G«¬ `yeÆvi ‰K AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi| 2 gvPÆ ivGZ kvmKGkÉwY KviwdD Rvwi KGi| Qvò-RbZv KvdzÆ fã KGi| ‰ KviGY ˆmbvevwnbx àwj Pvjvq, cÉwZw`b kZ kZ ˆjvK nZvnZ nq| ‰gZveÕ©vq RbMY ‰gb ‰K AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi| hvi dGj ˆ`Gki mKj ˆhvMvGhvM eÅeÕ©v, Awdm-Av`vjZ cÉvq e®¬ nGq hvq| K. Bqvwnqv Lvb ˆKvb ˆ`Gki ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ wQGjb? 1 L. Zdväj ˆnvGmb IiGd gvwbK wgqvGK ˆMÉdZvi Kiv nq ˆKb? 2 M. bvwnqvGbi ˆ`kwUi Abyi…c evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU AvG±`vjGbi eÅvLÅv `vI| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjGbi ‰KchÆvGq evsjvG`Gk Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv ˆ`Iqv nGqwQj? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 3 mvBdzj Bmjvg ‰KRb ivRbxwZwe`| gvbeZvi KjÅvYB Zvi ivRbxwZi gƒjg¯¨| mKGji RbÅ bƒÅbZg ‘Wvj-fvZ’ wbwøZ KiGZ wZwb KvR KiGQb| wkÞv, K‡wlmn mKj ˆÞGò D®²qb Zvi Õ¼µ²| wZwb wek¼vm KGib, K‡lKG`i fvGMÅi cwieZÆGbi gvaÅGg ˆ`Gki D®²qb mÁ¿e| K. bxj Kwgkb Kx? 1 L. kwn` wZZzgxGii DGókÅ ev jÞÅ Kx wQj? 2 M. mvBdzj BmjvGgi KgÆKvGíi mvG^ ˆkGi evsjv ‰ ˆK dRjyj nGKi wgj AvGQ wK? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ KgÆKví Qvov ˆkGi evsjv ‰ ˆK dRjyj nGKi Avi Kx Ae`vb iGqGQ? eYÆbv KGiv| 4 4 wmivR mvGne cÉRvZG¯¨i ‰KRb DœPc`Õ© KgÆKZÆv| evsjvG`k mwPevjGq Zvi Awdm| Zvi `µ¦Gii wbeÆvnx cÉavbi…Gc ‰KRb g¯¨x iGqGQb| wZwb Zvi g¯¨YvjGqi g¯¨xGK mGeÆvZfvGe mnGhvwMZv KGib| wmivR mvGnGei AaxGb AviI cuvP Õ¦Gii Awdmvi ‰es ‰KwU Awa`µ¦i iGqGQ| ‰G`i KvR nGœQ mswkÏÓ¡ welGq wmivR mvGneGK mnGhvwMZv Kiv| ‰fvGe H `µ¦Gii mgy`q KvR wZwb myÓ¤zfvGe mÁ·®² KGi ^vGKb| evsjvG`Gki ˆK±`Êxq cÉkvmb gƒjZ bxwZwbaÆviYx KvGRB eÅÕ¦ ^vGK| K. evsjvG`Gki ivÓ¡ÌcÉavGbi mvsweavwbK c`we Kx? 1 L. Õ©vbxq cÉkvmb ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2 M. wmivR mvGnGei Awdwmqvj c`we Kx ‰es wZwb ˆKvb cÉwKÌqvq Zvi `vµ¦wiK KvR cwiPvjbv KGib? 3 N. ‘evsjvG`Gki ˆK±`Êxq cÉkvmb gƒjZ bxwZ wbaÆviYx KvR wbGqB eÅÕ¦|’ Zzwg wK DóxcGKi ‰ eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ? ˆZvgvi DîGii Õ¼cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 5 MZ DcGRjv wbeÆvPGb AvjgMxi ˆnvGmb ˆPqvigÅvb cG` cÉwZ«¼w±«¼Zv KGiGQb| Zvi cÉwZwKÌqv RvbGZ PvBGj wZwb eGjb evsjvG`k miKvGii ‰KwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ eÅeÕ©v AvgvGK ‰ myGhvM w`GqGQ| ‰ eÅeÕ©vi gvaÅGg mswkÏÓ¡ RbMY ˆhgb ˆbZ‡GZ½i weKvk NUvGZ cviGQ ˆZgwb MYZG¯¨i wfZGK kwÚkvjx KiGZ f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ| K. BDwbqb cwilG`i ˆgvU m`mÅ msLÅv KZ Rb? 1 L. BDwbqb cwilG`i ˆPqvigÅvb ev m`mÅ nGZ nGj Kx Kx ˆhvMÅZv ^vKGZ nq? 2 M. miKvGii ˆKvb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ eÅeÕ©vi RGbÅ AvjgMxi ˆnvGmb DcGRjv wbeÆvPGb Ask wbGZ ˆcGiGQb? DÚ eÅeÕ©vi ŠewkÓ¡Å eYÆbv KGiv| 3 N. ˆbZ‡GZ½i weKvk ‰es MYZvw¯¨K wfZGK gReyZ KiGZ DÚ eÅeÕ©v KxfvGe KvR KGi Zv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 6 cvwKÕ¦vGbi mvGeK ivÓ¡ÌcwZ Avwmd Avjx Rvi`vwi cvwKÕ¦vGbi cÉavb miKvwi AvBb KgÆKZÆvGK eiLvÕ¦ KGi| ‰ AvBb KgÆKZÆv miKvi I wePvi wefvGMi gaÅKvi mymÁ·KÆ cÉwZÓ¤vq eÅ^Æ nGqwQGjb| ‰RbÅ ivÓ¡ÌcwZ Zvi Ici Am¯¦yÓ¡ wQGjb| K. KgÆKwgkGbi mfvcwZ mGeÆvœP KZ ˆgqvG` `vwqZ½ cvjb KiGZ cvGib? 1 L. KgÆKwgkGbi mfvcwZ ev m`mÅG`i PvKwiPzÅZ Kiv KxfvGe mÁ¿e? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. cvwKÕ¦vGbi Abyi…c evsjvG`Gk wbhyÚ AvBb KgÆKZÆvi wbGqvM mÁ·GKÆ aviYv `vI| 3 N. DÚ AvBb KgÆKZÆvi ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 7‰KwU cÉnmbgƒjK wbeÆvPGbi ˆcÉÞvcGU ‰G`Gk msweavGbi òGqv`k msGkvabx mÁ·®² Kiv nq hvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ ‰G`Gk Zî½veavqK miKvi cvKvGcvÚ i…c jvf KGi| hw`I eZÆgvb miKvi Zî½veavqK miKvi eÅeÕ©vi AaxGb Avi wbeÆvPb nGe bv eGj ˆNvlYv w`GqGQb| A^P ‰B Zî½veavqK miKvGii AaxGbB Zviv cÉ^g myÓ¤z I wbiGcÞ wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg ÞgZvq ‰GmwQGjb| H wbeÆvPbwU evsjvG`Gki BwZnvGm ‰KwU ZvrchÆcƒYÆ wbeÆvPb wnGmGe cwiwPZ nGq AvGQ| K. msweavGbi ‰Kv`k I «¼v`k msGkvabx mÁ·wKÆZ MYGfvU AbywÓ¤Z nGqwQj KZ ZvwiGL? 1 L. 1991 mvGj ivÓ¡ÌcwZ wbeÆvPGbi cÉGqvRbxqZv ˆ`Lv w`GqwQj ˆKb? 2 M. Zî½veavqK miKvGii AaxGb cÉ^g ˆKvb wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nGqwQj? DÚ wbeÆvPGbi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ wbeÆvPb evsjvG`Gki BwZnvGm ˆKb weGkl ZvrchÆcƒYÆ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 8`xNÆ 38 eQi aGi w«¼cÞxq AvGjvPbv KGiI evsjvG`k wgqvbgvGii mvG^ eGãvcmvMGii mxgvbv wbaÆviY wbGq weGiva wgUvGZ cvGi wb| AeGkGl kvw¯¦cƒYÆ DcvGq ‰ weGiva wbÓ·wîi RGbÅ evsjvG`k ciivÓ¡Ì g¯¨Yvjq mgy`Ëmxgv welqK Av¯¦RÆvwZK UÇvBeyÅbvGji kiYvc®² nq| Av¯¦RÆvwZK UÇvBeyÅbvj 14 gvPÆ 2012 ZvwiGL ‰K HwZnvwmK ivq cÉ`vb KGi| ZvGZ evsjvG`Gki AwaKvi Av`vq nq| ‰ NUbvi ˆcÉwÞGZ evsjvG`Gki cÉavbg¯¨x ˆkL nvwmbv Avkvev` eÅÚ KGi eGjb, fviGZi mvG^I kvw¯¦cƒYÆ DcvGq mgy`Ëmxgvbv I AbÅvbÅ weGiva Avgiv AvMvgx w`Gb mgvavb KiGZ mÞg nGev| K. ˆRgm ˆivRbvI ‰i gGZ ciivÓ¡Ì bxwZ Kx? 1 L. mvGKÆi MVb eYÆbv KGiv| 2 M. wgqvbgvGii mvG^ weGiva wbÓ·wîi ˆÞGò Abym†Z evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZ eYÆbv KGiv| 3 N. w«¼-cvwÞK I AvçwjK mnGhvwMZvi mÁ·KÆ AUzU ˆiGL evsjvG`Gki cÉavbg¯¨xi Avkvev` KZUv cƒiY nGe? gZvgZ `vI| 4 9 XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi Qvò Kvgi‚ävgvb mÁcÉwZ cÉvK‡wZK cwiGek iÞvq bvMwiGKi KiYxq welGq wc‰BPwW jvf KGi ˆ`Gk wdGiGQb| wbR MÉvg ˆevqvjQwoGZ wMGq ˆ`LGZ ˆcGjb ‰K wf®² wPò| MvQcvjv ˆKGU ˆmLvGb ŠZwi Kiv nGqGQ eo eo Kj-KviLvbv, BGUi fuvUv| wZwb ˆ`GLGZ ˆcGjGb, Zvi myL-`ytGLi K^v ejvi ˆmB b`xwUI ÷wKGq ˆMGQ| MÉvGgi ‰ AeÕ©v ˆ`GL wZwb AvGÞc cÉKvk KiGjb| K. mvgvwRKfvGe cÉwZe®¬xiv Kxi…c AvPiY ˆcGq ^vGK? 1 L. Rjevqy cwieZÆb evsjvG`Gki K‡wlGÞòGK KxfvGe cÉfvweZ KiGQ? 2 M. Rbve Kvgi‚ävgvGbi wbR MÉvGgi AeÕ©v ˆ`GL AvGÞc cÉKvk Kivi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. wbR MÉvGgi cwiwÕ©wZ D®²qGb Kvgi‚ävgvGbi KiYxq weGkÏlY KGiv| 4

4 cv‡Äix m„Rbkxj †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-40 wgwbU gvb-40 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| 1. mvBgb KwgkGbi m`mÅ KZRb wQGjb? K 5 Rb L 6 Rb M 7 Rb N 8 Rb wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 2 I 3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: gymv wgqv Zvi msÕ©vq 13 Rb m`mÅ wbGq ‰jvKvi D®²qGbi RbÅ wewf®² DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGib| wZwb ‰B eÅq wbeÆvGni RbÅ Ki I miKvwi Aby`vGbi Ici wbfÆi KGib| 2. gymv wgqv ˆKvb msÕ¦vi m`mÅ? K BDwbqb cwil` L ˆcŒimfv M wmwU KiGcvGikb N ˆRjv cwil` 3. gymv wgqv RbÕ¼vÕ©Å msKÌv¯¦ ˆh KvRàGjv KiGeb Zv nGœQ@ i. wbivc` cvwbi eÅeÕ©v KiGeb ii. euva wbgÆvY ˆmGPi eÅeÕ©v KiGeb iii. ˆgwWGKj KGjR Õ©vcb KiGeb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 4. ‘euvGki ˆKÍÏv’ Õ©vcb KGib ˆK? K wZZygxi L `yay wgqv M nvRx kixqZyDÍÏvn N ˆMvjvg gvmy` 5. AvBqye Lvb ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ AaÅvG`k Kx DGóGkÅ Rvwi KGiwQGjb? K Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ cÉwZÓ¤vbGK kwÚkvjx Kiv L cvwKÕ¦vGbi MYZG¯¨i wfwîGK kwÚkvjx Kiv M wbGRi fwelÅr ÞgZvi wfwîGK my`†p I mywbwøZ Kiv N Õ©vbxq chÆvGq bZyb ˆbZ‡Z½ m†wÓ¡ Kiv| wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: AvdRvj ˆnvGmb evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cG` KgÆiZ AvGQb| wZwb cÉRvZG¯¨i miKvwi wnmve wbixÞv KGib ‰es ‰ mÁ·wKÆZ wiGcvUÆ ivÓ¡ÌcwZi wbKU DcÕ©vcb KGib| 6. AvdRvj ˆnvGmb ˆKvb mvsweavwbK cG` KgÆiZ AvGQb? K bÅvqcvj L cÉavb wePvicwZ M gnvwnmve wbixÞK N ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij 7. hyÚdÌ´Ÿ gw¯¨mfvi gyLÅg¯¨x ˆK wQGjb? K gIjvbv Avõyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx L ˆnvGmb knx` ˆmvnivIqv`Æx M ˆkL gywReyi ingvb N ‰ ˆK dRjyj nK 8. mvaviY wbeÆvPGbi ci bewbeÆvwPZ msm` m`mÅG`i kc^ cvV Kivb ˆK? K ivÓ¡ÌcwZ L wÕ·Kvi M cÉavbg¯¨x N cÉavb wePvicwZ 9. msmG`i weGivax ˆbZv Kvi c`ghÆv`v mÁ·®²? K cÉavbg¯¨xi L mwPGei M gw¯¨cwilG`i mwPGei N ‰KRb g¯¨xi DóxcKwU co ‰es 10 I 11 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: KÌgewaÆúy XvKv gnvbMiGK mÁ·ÉwZ `ywU wmwU KiGcvGikGb wefÚ Kiv nGqGQ| miKvi Avkv KiGQ ‰ DG`ÅvGMi dGj RbmvaviGYi Rxebhvòvi gvb mnR I D®²Z nGe| 10. DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ miKvGii DG`ÅvGMi mvG^ AwefÚ fviGZi ˆKvb NUbvi wgj iGqGQ| K jGÞÄŒ PzwÚ L eãfã M evsjv PzwÚ N wmgjv PzwÚ 11. miKvGii ‰ DG`ÅvGMi dGj@ i. cÉkvmwbK myGhvM-myweav wbwøZ nGe ii. cÉkvmwbK eÅq e†w«¬ cvGe iii. bvMwiK myGhvM-myweav e†w«¬ cvGe wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M i I iii Ni, ii I iii 12. mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi wePvicwZ wbGqvM KGib? K nvBGKvUÆ wefvM L Avwcj wefvM M ivÓ¡ÌcwZ N cÉavbg¯¨x 13. ˆKvbwU g¯¨YvjGqi g¯¨xi cÉavb KvR? K `Gji cGÞ K^v ejv L mwPeGK mvnvhÅ Kiv M mwPeG`i KvGR Z`viwK Kiv N cÉK͸ cÉYqb I bxwZ wbaÆviY Kiv 14. wek¼kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv iÞvi gƒj `vwqZ½ ˆKvbwUi Ici bÅÕ¦? K mvaviY cwilG`i L wbivcîv cwilG`i M Av¯¦RÆvwZK Av`vjGZiN AwQ cwilG`i 15. mvGKÆi cÉ^g jÞÅ ˆKvbwU? K msnwZ weavb L AcGii mGã mnGhvwMZv M Rb RxeGbi gGbv®²qb N ˆhŒ^ KvhÆKÌGgi mƒPbv 16. evsjvG`Gki ivÓ¡Ìxq cÉkvmwbK KvVvGgvi ˆK±`Êwe±`y ˆKvbwU? K RvZxq msm` L gw¯¨cwil` M mwPevjq N cÉavbg¯¨x wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 17 I 18 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: kvi`xq `yGMÆvrme DcjGÞ ‰KwU AbyÓ¤vGb evsjvG`Gki R‹bK ivR‹bwZK ˆbZv eÚeÅ cÉ`vbKvGj eGjGQb, ‘agÆ hvi hvi, Drme mevi| Avgiv cÉGZÅK aGgÆi gvbyGli agÆxq Õ¼vaxbZv wek¼vm Kwi|’ 17. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆbZvi eÚGeÅ evsjvG`k msweavGbi ˆKvb gƒjbxwZi cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv hvq? K RvZxqZvev` L MYZ¯¨ M mgvRZ¯¨ N agÆwbiGcÞZv 18. msweavGbi DÚ gƒjbxwZi h^v^Æ evÕ¦evqb NUGj@ i. aGgÆi KviGY ˆKD ŠelGgÅi Õ¼xKvi nGeb bv ii. mevB wbR wbR agÆ Õ¼vaxbfvGe cvjb KiGe iii. mgvR I ivÓ¡Ì agÆnxb nGq coGe wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 19. Õ©vbxq miKvi I Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvwmZ msÕ©vi gGaÅ ˆgŒwjK cv^ÆKÅ ˆKvbwU? K AwaKvi L wbq¯¨Y M ÞgZv cÉGqvM N wbeÆvPb 20. evsjvG`k msweavGbi ˆKvb fvGM msweavb msGkvab c«¬wZ ewYÆZ nGqGQ? K Z‡Zxq L cçg M AÓ¡g N `kg 21. Kvi ivRZ½KvGj BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwb ewYK msN fviZeGlÆ AvMgb KGi? K mgËvU AvKei L mgËvU Rvnvãxi M mgËvU kvnRvnvb N mgËvU evei 22. ‘ˆgvnvGgWvb wjUvivwi’@ ˆK cÉwZÓ¤v KGib? K beve mÅvi mwjgyÍÏvn L beve Avõyj jwZd M nvRx gynÁÃ` gynmxb N mÅvi Šmq` Avng` 23. nvRx kixqZyDÍÏvni mvgvwRK AvG±`vjGbi cÉavb DGókÅ wQj ˆKvbwU? K gymjgvbG`i gGaÅ ivR‹bwZK mGPZbZv m†wÓ¡ L gymjgvb mÁ·É`vqGK Bmjvwg Av`GkÆ AbycÉvwYZ Kiv M weËwUkweGivax AvG±`vjb ˆRvi`vi Kiv N wn±`y ‰es gymwjgG`i gGaÅ ˆbZ‡GZ½i D®²qb 24. evsjvG`k miKvwi KgÆKwgkb KZ mvGj MwVZ nq? K 1972 mvGj L 1973 mvGj M 1974 mvGj N 1975 mvGj wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 25 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: Rbve ‘K’ ‰KRb DœPc`Õ© miKvwi KgÆKZÆv| wZwb evsjvG`k miKvGii K‡wl g¯¨YvjGqi gvbbxq g¯¨xi cÉavb civgkÆ`vZv I DcG`Ó¡v| wZwb g¯¨YvjGqi gyLÅ wnmvewbixÞK| 25. Rbve ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Ìi ˆKvb cG` KgÆiZ AvGQb? K cÉwZg¯¨x L Dcg¯¨x M mwPe N hy™Â mwPe 26. 1956 mvGj cÉewZÆZ cvwKÕ¦vb msweavb ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK evaÅZvgƒjK Kiv nq? K ivR‹bwZK cÉæv L gymwjg nIqv M mgvRZvw¯¨K gGbvfveN wb`Æjxq gvbwmKZv 27. AvBqye LvGbi ˆgŒwjK MYZG¯¨i DGókÅ Kx wQj? K cÉwZev` ˆVKvGbv L cÉkvmwbK k†›Ljv M myÓ¤z ivRbxwZ N MYZG¯¨i weKvk 28. Kvi civgGkÆ ivÓ¡ÌcwZ RvZxq msmG`i AwaGekb Avn»vb, Õ©wMZ I ˆfGO ˆ`b? K cÉavbg¯¨x L wÕ·Kvi M AvBbg¯¨x N gw¯¨cwilG`i mwPe 29. Ki avhÆ, Ki cwieZÆb, FY MÉnY cwiGkva I eÅGqi géywi BZÅvw` welq AvGjvwPZ nq ˆh weGj ZvGK Kx eGj? K msGkvabx wej L cwiGkvwaZ wej M A^Æ wej N msm`xq wej wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 30 I 31 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: mÁ·ÉwZ PvçjÅKi ‰KwU gvgjvi ivq w`GqGQ DœP Av`vjZ| Av`vjGZi ‰ ivGq miKvi cGÞi mGeÆvœP AvBbRxex mG¯¦vl cÉKvk KGi eGjGQb ‰ ivGqi gvaÅGg miKvGii weRq nGqGQ| 30. Av`vjGZi ‰ ivGq miKvi cGÞi mGeÆvœP AvBbRxex mG¯¦vl cÉKvk KGi eGjGQb ‰ ivGqi gvaÅGg miKvGii weRq nGqGQ| K ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij L cÉwmwKDUi M ˆWcywU ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGijN bÅvqcvj 31. DóxcKwUi DwÍÏwLZ AvBbRxexi mwVKfvGe `vwqZ½ cvjGbi Ici@ i. miKvGii fvegƒwZÆ e†w«¬ cvq ii. Rb`yGfÆvM jvNe nGe iii. mvgvwRK bÅvqwePvi cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGe wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 32. g¯¨YvjGqi cÉavb wbeÆvnx ˆK? K g¯¨x L mwPe M hy™Â mwPe N AwZwiÚ mwPe 33. weËGUGbi ivRv ev ivwb ˆKvb msÕ©vi cÉavb? K KgbIGqj^ L RvwZmsN M mvKÆ N BDGbGÕ•v 34. ˆRjv cÉkvmGKi Avi ‰KwU bvg KvGjÙi ˆKb? K ivRÕ¼ Av`vGqi RbÅ L ˆUvj Av`vGqi RbÅ M Puv`v Av`vGqi RbÅ N KG´ŸÈvj Kivi RbÅ 35. 1946 mvGj 24 Ryb gw¯¨gkGbi cÉÕ¦ve AbymvGi ˆK A¯¦eÆZÆxKvjxb miKvi MVb KGib? K jW KÌvwbs L jWÆ IqvGjf M ˆPgmGdvWÆ N gvD´Ÿ eÅvGUb 36. gymwjg jxM ˆKb MGo IGV@ i. KsGMÉGmi ‰KK AvwacZÅ LeÆ Kivi RbÅ ii. gymjgvbG`i AwaKvi Av`vGqi RbÅ iii. eãfGãi wei‚G«¬ ZxeË AvG±`vjb MGo ˆZvjvi RbÅ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 37. ˆgvnvGgWvb cÉwfw´Öqvj BDwbqb MVGbi DGókÅ Kx wQj? K Bmjvwg Av`GkÆ gymjgvbG`i D®²Z Kiv L gymjgvbG`i gGaÅ wkÞv-`xÞvi cÉmvi NUvGbv M gymjgvbG`i gGaÅ mvÁ·É`vwqK gGbvfve m†wÓ¡ Kiv N eãfGãi wei‚G«¬ ZrciZvGK ˆgvKvwejv Kiv DóxcKwU co ‰es 38 I 39 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ‘K’ bvgK ivGÓ¡Ìi hyÚivÓ¡Ìxq c«¬wZi miKvi eÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb| DÚ ivGÓ¡Ì cÉvG`wkK welqmgƒn cwiPvjbvi RbÅ AvBb cÉYqb KGi `ywU wf®² KZ‡ÆcÞ m†wÓ¡ Kiv nGqGQ| 38. DóxcKwU DwÍÏwLZ NUbvi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb AvBGbi wgj AvGQ| K 1958 mvGji AvBb L 1909 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb M 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb N 1936 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb 39. ‘K’ bvgK ivÓ¡ÌwUGZ bZyb AvBb cÉYqGbi KviGY@ i. kvmbKvGR RwUjZv ŠZwi nGe ii. bvMwiK myGhvM-myweav e†w«¬ cvGe iii. ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii KvGRi Pvc KgGe wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 40. wmivR wgqvi `í gIKzGdi ÞgZv AvGQ Kvi? K ivÓ¡ÌcwZi L cÉavbg¯¨xi M ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji N cÉavb wePvicwZi gGWj ˆUÕ¡-3

g‡Wj cÖkœ 5 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 m†Rbkxj cÉk² mgq 2 N¥Ÿv 10 wgwbU gvb 60 [`ËÓ¡eÅ : `wÞY cvk¼ÆÕ© msLÅv cÉGk²i gvbævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ˆgvU QqwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI|] 1 Šmq`cyi gymwjg msLÅvMwiÓ¤ ‰jvKvwU AGbK bvMcvk KvwUGq weG`wk civkwÚi nvZ ˆ^GK gyÚ nq| ZGe ‰jvKvwUi Dc ‰jvKvi mvG^ kvmbZvw¯¨K bvbv RwUjZv ^vKvq `xNÆ bq eQi ci ‰KwU msweavb cÉYqb Kiv nq| ZGe ‰i Õ©vwqZ½ wQj LyeB Kg| ‰ msweavGb ‰KwU RvZxq cwil` MVb Kiv nGqwQj hv ivÓ¡ÌcwZ wKsev cÉavbg¯¨xi `vwqZ½-KZÆeÅGK wbaÆviY KGi ˆ`q| K. cvwKÕ¦vGbi cÉ^g msweavb KZw`b Pvjy ev KvhÆKi wQj? 1 L. ˆKvb hywÚi gvaÅGg cvwKÕ¦vGb msweavb cÉYqGbi c^ D¯ÃyÚ nq ˆjGLv| 2 M. Šmq`cyi ‰jvKvq msweavb cÉYqGbi mvG^ AZxGZi ˆKvb ivGÓ¡Ìi msweavb cÉYqGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? DÚ msweavGbi 5wU cÉavb ZvrchÆ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ msweavGbi Õ©vwqZ½ Kg ^vKvi KviY weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 2 AvaywbK MYZvw¯¨K weGk¼i cw^K‡r AeËvnvg wjâb MYZG¯¨i BwZnvGm ‰KwU ÕÃiYxq bvg| `qv, mijZv, DcwÕ©Z eyw«¬, evw™ÂZv I wgwÓ¡ eÅenvi ZvGK weGk¼i Av`kÆ PwiGò cÉwZwÓ¤Z KGiGQ| ivRbxwZ ˆÞGò wZwb AbbÅ cÉwZfvi Õ¼vÞi ˆiGL wMGqGQb| ‰BfvGe ‰KRb ˆgnbZx gvbyl wbGRi cÉwZfvq AvGgwiKvi ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ c` jvGf mg^Æ nGqwQGjb| wZwb Õ¼v^Æv®¬ gvbyGli cvkweKZvi nvZ ˆ^GK gvbylGK gywÚ w`GqwQGjb| c†w^exi MYZ¯¨ I gywÚKvgx gvbyGli RbÅ Zvi HwZnvwmK fvlY Govenment of the people, by the people and for the people' AvRI ZvGK Agi KGi ˆiGLGQ| K. gywRebMi miKvGii cÉavbg¯¨xi bvg Kx wQj? 1 L. ‘AcvGikb mvPÆ jvBU’ ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ AveËvnvg wjâGbi Pwiò I KgÆKvGí Kvi cÉwZœQwe jÞ Kiv hvq@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ ˆbZvi ewjÓ¤ I AvGcvlnxb ˆbZ‡GZ½ Avgiv Õ¼vaxbZv ˆcGqwQ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 3 2012 mvGji 12 Rvbyqvwi fviZxq msweavGbi 97Zg msGkvabx Avbv nq| ‰ msGkvabxi gvaÅGg msweavGb mgevqwfwîK mgvR eÅeÕ©vcbvi welqwUGK A¯¦fzÆÚ Kiv nq| ‰ msGkvabxi DGókÅ wnGmGe ejv nq, fviGZi MÉvgxY RbcG`i A^Æ‹bwZK D®²qGbi RbÅ mgevqGK DrmvwnZ Kiv ‰es MÉvgxY D®²qbGK wbwøZ Kivi RbÅ MÉvgxY ‰jvKvi cÉwZÓ¤vbàGjvi AwaKZi MYZ¯¨ PPÆv I Revew`wnZv wbwøZ Kiv| K. ˆKvb msGkvabxi gvaÅGg cybivq msm`xq miKvi eÅeÕ©v cÉeZÆb Kiv nq? 1 L. ‘Avgiv evOvwj, evsjv AvgvG`i gvZ‡fvlv’@DwÚwU ivÓ¡Ìxq gƒjbxwZi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK wbG`Æk KGi @ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 M. fviGZi ‰ msweavb msGkvabxi DGókÅGK cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msweavb msGkvabxi DGóGkÅi mvG^ wK evsjvG`Gki ˆKvGbv msweavb msGkvabxi wgj LyuGR cvI? gZvgZ `vI| 4 4 iðvi evev cÉRvZG¯¨i ‰KRb DœPc`Õ© KgÆKZÆv| evsjvG`k mwPevjGq Zvi Awdm| Zvi `µ¦Gii wbeÆvnx cÉavb i…Gc ‰KRb g¯¨x iGqGQb| iðvi evevi AaxGb AviI cuvP Õ¦Gii Awdmvi ‰es ‰KwU Awa`µ¦i iGqGQ hviv gvV chÆvGq KvR evÕ¦evqb KGi ^vGKb| gƒjZ ˆKG±`Êi wbG`ÆGkB evsjvG`Gki gvV chÆvGqi KvR evÕ¦evwqZ nq| K. mwPevjq Kx? 1 L. ˆRjv cÉkvmKGK ˆRjvi gaÅgwY ejv nq ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGK iðvi evevi c`we Kx? wZwb KxfvGe Zvi `vµ¦wiK KvR mÁ·®² KGib Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. cÉkvmb eÅeÕ©vcbvq ˆK±`ÊxKiY ‰es weGK±`ÊxKiY ˆKvbwUGK Zywg mg^Æb KiGe? hywÚmn DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4 5 mÁ·ÉwZ mvZÞxivi Avkv÷wb DcGRjvi ˆkvfbvjx BDwbqb cwilG`i cÉKvkÅ evGRU I D®²qb cwiK͸bv mfv AbywÓ¤Z nGqGQ| mvZÞxivi ˆemiKvwi msMVb ‘mvgvwRK DG`ÅvM ˆdvivg’-‰i DG`ÅvGM ‰ mfv AbywÓ¤Z nq| ‰ ˆemiKvi msMVbwU Õ©vbxq cÉwZwbwaG`i Revew`wnZv, `vwqZ½kxjZv I Õ¼œQZv e†w«¬KiGY KvR KGi hvGœQ| K. mvaviYZ bMiwcZv ev bMi gvZv ejv nq KvGK? 1 L. B-MfÆGb´Ö evÕ¦evqGb BDwbqb cwilG`i f„wgKv Kxi…c? 2 M. ‘mvgvwRK DG`ÅvM ˆdvivg’ msMVbwU Kx aiGbi msLÅv? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ‘mvgvwRK DG`ÅvM ˆdvivg’ bvgK msMVbwU ˆh aiGbi KvR KiGQ Zv Õ©vbxq D®²qGb Kxi…c f„wgKv ivLGe eGj gGb Ki? gZvgZ `vI| 4 6ˆivGgj nvj`vi wewm‰m wbGqvM cixÞvi wjwLZ cGeÆ DîxYÆ nb| AZci fvBfv cixÞvq DîxYÆ KiGZ ‰KRb KgÆKZÆv `yB jÞ UvKv `vwe KGib| ˆivGgj ‰KwU Õ¼vaxb I wbiGcÞ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi KgÆKvGí wewÕÃZ nGjv| ˆLuvR wbGq RvbGZ cvij ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK ˆbZvi fvG™²i RGbÅ Zvi c`wU eivó nGqGQ| ZvB KgÆKZÆv evaÅ nGq ˆivGgGji KvGQ Nyl ˆPGqGQ| K. AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGijGK ˆK wbGqvM `vb KGib? 1 L. RvZxq AG^Æi AwffveK wnGmGe gnvwnmve wbixÞK Kx Kx `vwqZ½ cvjb KGi ^vGKb? 2 M. DóxcGK ˆKvb cÉwZÓ¤vGbi `yeÆjZv cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ cÉwZÓ¤vbwUi ‰ `yeÆjZv KvwUGq DVGZ Zywg Kx civgkÆ ˆ`Ge? 4 7fviGZi bvMwiK Drcj ˆgv`GKi KvGQ fviGZi ˆjvKmfv wbeÆvPb 2014 mÁ·GKÆ ‰KwU wUwf PÅvGbj RvbGZ ˆPGqwQj| DîGi ˆm eGj, KsGMÉm miKviGK Avgiv `xNÆw`b ˆ`GLwQ wK¯¦y Zviv fviGZi Kvw›ÞZ AvkvAvKv›Þv NUvGZ cvGi wb| Aciw`GK bGi±`Ê ˆgvw` àRivGU eÅvcK D®²qb KGiGQb ‰es A^ÆbxwZGK my`ƒp wfwîi Ici `uvo KwiGqGQb| ‰RbÅ fviGZi 63 kZvsk bvMwiK cieZÆx cÉavbg¯¨x wnGmGe bGi±`Ê ˆgv`xi Ici AvÕ©v ˆiGLGQb| K. 7g RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPGb evsjvG`k AvIqvgx jxM KZwU Avmb jvf KGiwQj? 1 L. 4^Æ RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPbGK meGPGq cÉnmbgƒjK wbeÆvPb ejv nq ˆKb? 2 M. DwÍÏwLZ DóxcGK ˆKvb welqwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ welqwU MYZ¯¨GK mdj KGi ˆZvGj-eÚeÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 8 evsjvG`Gki MvGgÆ´Ÿm KviLvbvi wbivcîv cwiwÕ©wZ wbGq AvevGiv DG«¼M RvwbGqGQ XvKvq wbhyÚ ‰KwU Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi wgkb cÉavb| Zvi fvlÅgGZ, evsjvG`Gki MvGgÆ´Ÿm KviLvbvàGjv hw` wbivcîv cwiwÕ©wZ wbwøZ bv KGi ZGe Avgiv nqGZv weK͸ c¯©v ˆLuvRvi ˆPÓ¡v Kie| ‰ cÉmGã wewR ‰g B mfvcwZ ZvGK Avk¼Õ© KGi eGjb, Avgiv AvgvG`i meGPGq eo iµ¦vwb evRvi nvivGZ PvB bv, ZvB kxNËB eÅeÕ©v wbwœQ| K. RvwZmsN gnvmwPe KZ eQGii RbÅ wbhyÚ nb? 1 L. ˆivwnãv kiYv^Æx ˆgvKvwejvq RvwZmsN evsjvG`kGK wKfvGe mnvqZv KiGQ? 2 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vwUi MVb I ˆcÉÞvcU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. Zywg wK gGb KGiv DÚ msÕ©vwU wegyL nGj Avgiv MvGgÆ´Ÿm cYÅ iµ¦vwbi meGPGq eo evRvi nvivGev? DîGii Õ¼cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 9 kixGi HIV RxevYy wbGq R®ÂMÉnY Kiv Õ¼YÆv AGbK msMÉvg KGi DœP gvaÅwgK mÁ·®² KGiGQ| ˆm ‰KRb mgvRKgÆx nGq mgvR ˆ^GK ‰BWm wbgƒÆGj KvR KiGZ Pvq| ‰ eÅvcvGi ˆm Ea»ÆZb KZ‡ÆcGÞi mvG^ ˆhvMvGhvM KGi ‰es ZvG`i mnvqZvq ‰Lb ˆ^GKB Õ•zj, KGjR, c^NvU me RvqMvq ‰BWm mÁ·GKÆ gvbyGli gGaÅ bvbv Z^Å cÉ`vb KGi| bvbv aiGbi wjdGjU ŠZwi KGi MÉvGg MÉvGg weZiY KiGQ ˆm| Zvi ‰ KvGR mvsevw`KivI mnGhvwMZv KiGQ| hZw`b ˆeuGP ^vKGe ‰ KvGRB eÅÕ¦ ^vKGZ Pvq Õ¼YÆv| K. cÉ^g ‰BWm ˆivM aiv cGo ˆKv^vq? 1 L. ‰BWmGK NvZK eÅvwa ejv nq ˆKb? 2 M. ‰BWm cÉwZGivGa Õ¼YÆvi KvGR mgvRKGgÆi ˆKvb ˆKŒkjwU jÞ Kiv hvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ‰BWm cÉwZGivGa Õ¼YÆvi cÉGPÓ¡vB hG^Ó¡ bq g¯¦GeÅi cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4

6 cv‡Äix m„Rbkxj †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-40 wgwbU gvb-40 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| 1. fviZxq wn±`y RbMGYi gGaÅ fviZxq RvZxqZvev`x ˆPZbv m†wÓ¡GZ cÉv^wgK chÆvGq ˆK f„wgKv cvjb KGib? K wewcbP±`Ê cvj L Aiwe±` ˆNvl M myGi±`Êbv^ eÅvbvRÆx N ivmwenvix emy 2. gvhnvi mvGnGei evev weËwUk JcwbGewkK kvmGbi wei‚G«¬ weG`Ëvnx ivRbxwZwe` wQGjb| wZwb KsGMÉm ZÅvM Kiv ‰KRb ivRbxwZwe`| gvhnvi mvGnGei evevi mvG^ wgj AvGQ i. ‰ ˆK dRjyj nGKi ii. gynÁÃ` Avjx wR®²vni iii. gIjvbv fvmvbxi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 3. fviZxq RvZxq KsGMÉm MVGbi DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGib ˆK? K AÅvjvb AGÙvwfqvb wnDg L AÅvjvb wnDg M DGgk P±`Ê eÅvbvRÆx N evjMãvai wZjK 4. beMwVZ ‘cƒeÆeã I Avmvg’ cÉG`Gki ivRavbx Õ©vwcZ nq ˆKv^vq? K gywkÆ`vev` L KjKvZv M XvKv N PëMÉvg 5. ‘Avgiv wn±`y ev gymwjg ˆhgb mZÅ, Zvi ˆPGq ˆewk mZÅ Avgiv evOvwj’ ˆK eGjwQGjb? K ˆkL gywReyi ingvb L W. ˆgvnvÁÃ` knx`yÍÏvn M axGi±`Êbv^ `î N KvRx ˆMvjvg gvneye 6. mygb mvµ¦vwnK QywUGZ MvRxcyGi AewÕ©Z mgivÕ¨ KviLvbv ˆ`GL ‰GmGQ| ‰B KviLvbv Õ©vcGbi `vwewU ‰Kzk `dv `vwei KZ bÁ¼Gi wQj? K ˆlvj L AvVvGiv M Dwbk N ‰Kzk 7. 1956 mvGji msweavGb cÉG`Gk ˆKvb eÅeÕ©vwU ivLv nq? K hyÚivÓ¡Ìxq eÅeÕ©vL msm`xq eÅeÕ©v M ŠÕ¼ivPvix eÅeÕ©v N ivÓ¡ÌcwZi kvmb 8. ‘ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ AvG`k’-ˆK Rvwi KGib? K AvBqye Lvb L ˆgvbvGqg Lvb M RyjwdKvi Avjx fzGëv N Bqvwnqv Lvb wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 9 I 10 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: wgkixq ivRZG¯¨i wbhÆvZb wbGÓ·lGY AwZÓ¤ nGq wgkixq RbMY ZvG`i kvmGKi wei‚G«¬ cÉwZev`gyLi nGq IGV| cÉwZev` ‰Kmgq ivRZvw¯¨K kvmGKi cZb NUvq| dGj wgkGi bZyb KGi MYZG¯¨i hvòv ÷i‚ nq| 9. DóxcGKi wgkixq NUbvwUi mvG^ evsjvi BwZnvGmi ˆKvb NUbvwU mvgémÅcƒYÆ? K EbmîGii MYAfzÅïvb L fvlv AvG±`vjb M Qq `dv `vwe N ‰Mvi `dv `vwe 10. wgkixq RbMGYi cÉwZevG`i mvG^ evsjvi BwZnvGmi mswkÏÓ¡ NUbvwUGZ evsjvi RbMGYi mvgémÅcƒYÆ cÉwZev` wQj i. MYZ¯¨ evÕ¦evqb ii. A^Æ‹bwZK ŠelGgÅi Aemvb iii. mvgwiK PGKÌi KZ‡ÆZ½ wejywµ¦ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i Iii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 11. eãfã nq ˆKvb mvGj? K 1903 mvGj L 1905 mvGj M 1906 mvGj N 1911 mvGj 12. gymwjg jxGMi mfvcwZ ˆK wQGjb? K beve Avnmvb DÍÏvn L ˆnvGmb knx` ˆmvnivIqv`Æx M ‰ ˆK dRjyj nK N gIjvbv fvmvbx 13. gIjvbv fvmvbxi ivRbxwZi jÞÅ Kx wQj? K DuPz ˆkÉwYi weKvk L gymjgvbG`i D®²qb M ˆgnbwZ gvbyGli D®²qb N ˆhvMvGhvM eÅeÕ©vi D®²qb 14. gymwjg jxGMi cÉwZÓ¤vi KGqK eQi ci ‰B `jwUi jÞÅ weÕ¦‡Z nGq cGo| ‰B weÕ¦‡wZi A¯¦fzÆÚ i. weËwUk miKvGii cÉwZ AvbyMZÅ e†w«¬ ii. nvBGKvGUÆ gymjgvb wePvicwZ wbGqvM iii. miKvwi cÉwZÓ¤vGb gymjgvbG`i wbGqvM wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 15. bvMwiKG`i eÅwÚZ½ weKvGki RGbÅ AcwinvhÆ myGhvM-myweav hv ivÓ¡Ì KZ‡ÆK cÉ`î nq ZvGK Kx eGj? K gvbevwaKvi L ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi M bvMwiK AwaKvi N bvMwiK Õ©v^Æ 16. ˆK ˆ`Gki wbivcîvi RGbÅ Ri‚wi AeÕ©v ˆNvlYv KiGZ cvGi? K cÉavbg¯¨x L ivÓ¡ÌcwZ M mvgwiK evwnbxi cÉavb N cÉavb wePvicwZ 17. evsjvG`Gki RvZxq msm` ˆKvb cÉK‡wZi? K ‰K-KÞwewkÓ¡ L `yB-KÞwewkÓ¡ M WvqvwKÆ N IGqÕ¡ wgwbÕ¡vi 18. RvZxq Ki avhÆ Kivi RGbÅ Kx cÉGqvRb? K cÉavbg¯¨xi AvG`kL A^Æg¯¨xi AbyGiva M A^Æg¯¨xi eÚeÅ N msmG`i AbyGgv`b 19. RvZxq msmG` Kvi eÚeÅB P„ov¯¦? K ivÓ¡ÌcwZi L wÕ·KvGii M msm`xq DcGbZviN cÉavbg¯¨xi 20. evsjvG`Gk wePvi eÅeÕ©vi kxGlÆ iGqGQ ˆKvbwU? K nvBGKvUÆ L mywcÉg ˆKvUÆ M ˆRjv Av`vjZ N DcGRjv cwil` wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 21 I 22 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI| cvewjK cixÞvi cÉk²cò duvGmi eÅvcvGi ‰KRb msm` m`mÅ wkÞvg¯¨xGK cÉk² wRGæm KiGj DîGi g¯¨x eGjb, ‘KGqKwU cixÞvi eÅvcvGi AvgvG`i ò‚wU AvGQ Zv Õ¼xKvi KiwQ ZGe ‰Lb ˆ^GK cixÞvi w`b mKvGj cÉk² QvwcGq cixÞv ˆbIqv nGe|’ 21. DóxcGK ˆKvb welqwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? K msmG`i mveÆGfŒgZ½ L gyjZywe cÉÕ¦ve M kvmb wefvGMi Revew`wnZv N AbvÕ©v cÉÕ¦ve 22. ‰ aiGbi cÉGk²i dGj i. msm`xq MYZG¯¨i KvhÆKvwiZv e†w«¬ cvq ii. g¯¨xG`i `vwqZ½kxjZv e†w«¬ cvq iii. msmG`i ˆmœQvPvwiZv e†w«¬ cvq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 23. MYZG¯¨i AbÅZg MÅvivw´Ÿ ˆKvbwU? K mwPevjq L ˆRjv cÉkvmb M Õ©vbxq miKvi N BDwbqb cwil` 24. Õ©vbxq kvmb ‰es Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmbGK ‰K KGi ˆ`Lv nq ˆKv^vq? K weGk¼i D®²Z ˆ`kàGjvGZ L weGk¼i Aby®²Z ˆ`kàGjvGZ M weGk¼i D®²qbkxj ˆ`kàGjvGZ N weGk¼i Õ¼G͸v®²Z ˆ`kàGjvGZ 25. ˆcŒimfv KxGmi RGbÅ mvwjwk Av`vjZ MVb KGi? K `ybÆxwZ cÉwZGivGai RGbÅ L AvBb-k†›Ljv iÞvi RGbÅ M ˆQvU ˆQvU weev`-wemsev` gxgvsmvi RGbÅ N f„wg ivRÕ¼ Av`vGqi RGbÅ 26. KgÆKwgkGbi KvhÆKÌg KqwU kvLvq webÅÕ¦? K 5wU L 6wU M 7wU N 8wU 27. ‰ÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGiGji cvwikÉwgK wbaÆviY KiGeb ˆK? K ivÓ¡ÌcwZ L miKvwi KgÆKwgkb M mwPevjq N gw¯¨cwil` 28. gnvwnmve wbixÞK I wbq¯¨K cÉRvZG¯¨i ˆhGKvGbv eÅwÚi i. bw^ I iwm` cixÞv KiGeb ii. cÉRvZG¯¨i KGgÆ wbGqvM `vb KiGeb iii. `wjj I bM` A^Æ cixÞv KiGeb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 29. wb`Æjxq Zî½veavqK miKvi AvBb cÉYxZ nq KZ Zg RvZxq msmG`? K PZy^Æ L cçg M lÓ¤ N mµ¦g 30. evsjvG`Gki mvaviY bvMwiKMY KxfvGe miKviGK wbq¯¨Y KGi? K MYgvaÅGgi mvnvGhÅ L Pvcm†wÓ¡Kvix ˆMvÓ¤xi mvnvGhÅ M wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg N ivR‹bwZK `Gji gvaÅGg 31. RvwZmsGNi m`i `µ¦i ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z? K jíb knGi L IqvwksUb knGi M wbDBqKÆ knGi N mvbdÌvw´ÖmGKv knGi 32. ˆKvb msÕ©vwU weGk¼i gvbyGli Õ¼vÕ©Å iÞvi RbÅ KvR KGi hvGœQ? K UNESCO L UNICEF M WHO N ILO 33. ˆKvb ˆ`k evsjvfvlvGK ˆm ˆ`Gki AbÅZg ivÓ¡Ìfvlv wnGmGe Õ¼xK‡wZ cÉ`vb KGiGQ? K my`vb L `wÞY my`vb M KGãv N wmGqiv wjIb 34. KgbIGqj^ ‰i cÉZxKx cÉavb ˆK? K weËwUk ivRv ivwb L weËwUk cÉavbg¯¨x M weËwUk cvjÆvGgG´Ÿi wÕ·Kvi N weËwUk ciivÓ¡Ìg¯¨x 35. evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK bxwZi cÉavb jÞÅ nGjv i. evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv I mveÆGfŒgZ½ iÞv Kiv ii. cÉwZGekx ˆ`kàGjvi mvG^ Šeix mÁ·KÆ MGo ˆZvjv iii. cÉwZGekx ˆ`kàGjvi mvG^ kvw¯¦cƒYÆ mnveÕ©vb bxwZ evRq ivLv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 36 - 37 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI| Zvbnv ‰KwU msÕ©vi wewf®² w`K mÁ·GKÆ ævb jvf KGi| ‰wU 1945 mvGj MwVZ nq| 1974 mvGj evsjvG`k ‰i m`mÅ nq| 36. Zvbnv ˆKvb msÕ©vwUi mÁ·GKÆ ævb jvf KGi? K RvwZmsN L KgbIGqj^ M IAvBwm N mvKÆ 37. DÚ msÕ©vwUi DGókÅ nGjv i. ˆKvGbv ˆRvGUi A¯¦fzÆÚ bv nIqv ii. wek¼kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv wbwøZ Kiv iii. Av¯¦RÆvwZK AvBGbi gvaÅGg Av¯¦RÆvwZK weGivGai mgvavb wbwøZ Kiv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 38. evsjvG`k KZevi weGk¼i meGPGq `ybÆxwZMÉÕ¦ ˆ`k wnGmGe wPwn×Z nGqGQ? K 3 evi L 4 evi M 5 evi N 6 evi 39. `ybÆxwZi KviGY ivGÓ¡Ìi AeÞq NGU i. cÉkvmwbK eÅeÕ©vcbvq ii. mvsÕ•‡wZK eÅeÕ©vcbvq iii. A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vcbvq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 40. A‹ea c¯©vq RbÕ¼v^ÆweGivax KvRGK Kx eGj? K Õ¼RbcÉxwZ L PZziZv M `ybÆxwZ N cÉZviYv

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2 cv‡Äix m„Rbkxj †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ 10Zvnwgbv ‰evi cÉ^g ˆfvUvi nGqGQ| mÁ·ÉwZ ‰KwU Õ©vbxq wbeÆvPGb ˆfvU w`GZ wMGq Zvi `v`yi K^v gGb coj| `v`y eGjwQGjb, 1970 mvGji wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg AvIqvgx jxGMi ˆbZ‡Z½ cÉwZÓ¤v I evOwj RvZxqZvevG`i weRq nq| K. gywRebMi miKvi MwVZ nq KLb? 1 L. ‘ˆgvnvÁÃ` Avjx dgyÆjv’ eywSGq ˆjL| 2 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Zvnwgbvi `v`y ˆh wbeÆvPGbi K^v eGjb, ˆm wbeÆvPGbi ài‚Z½ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ wbeÆvPGbi djvdj weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 11 myRb wek¼vm ˆ`ŒjZcyi ‰jvKvi ‰K mÁÀv¯¦ gymwjg cwievGii m¯¦vb| agÆxq wkÞvMÉnY ‰es nReËZ cvjb Kivi cvkvcvwk wZwb ivR‹bwZK gZv`GkÆI D«¼y«¬ nb| Zvi ‰jvKvi gymjgvbG`i bvbv cÉKvi KzmsÕ•vGi wjµ¦ ^vKGZ ˆ`GL wZwb ZvG`iGK AekÅ KiYxq KZÆeÅ cvjGbi Avn»vb Rvbvb ‰es agÆxq msÕ•vi AvG±`vjGbi WvK ˆ`b| ÷ay ZvB bq, ˆ`ŒjZcyGii gymjgvbG`i Avñ÷w«¬i RbÅ BmjvGgi cuvPwU diR cvjb Kivi IciI meÆvwaK ài‚Z½vGivc KGib| K. wZZygxGii wcZvi bvg Kx? 1 L. wZZygxi euvGki ˆKÍÏv wbgÆvY KGiwQGjb ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGK myRb wek¼vGmi AvG±`vjGbi mvG^ cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb AvG±`vjGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ AvG±`vjGbi jÞÅ I DGókÅ gƒj cvGVi AvGjvGK ZyGj aGiv| 4 eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-30 wgwbU gvb-30 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| 1. 1937 mvGji cÉvG`wkK AvBbmfvi wbeÆvPGbi ci AwefÚ evsjvi gyLÅg¯¨x nb ˆK? K ˆgvnvÁÃ` Avjx wR®²vn L ‰. ˆK. dRjyj nK M LvRv bvwRgyóxb N ˆnvGmb knx` ˆmvnivIqv`Æx 2. fviZxq RvZxq KsGMÉm MVGbi DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGib ˆK? K DGgk P±`Ê eÅvbvRÆx L AÅvjvb wnDg M AÅvjvb AGÙvwfqvb wnDg N evjMãvai wZjK 3. 1919 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGb cÉG`kmgƒGn hv ivLv nqwbK ivRbxwZ L Õ¼vqî½kvmb M MfbÆi N cywjk evwnbx 4. cjvkxi hyG«¬ BsGiR evwnbxi ˆbZ‡Z½ w`GqwQGjbK jWÆ KvRÆb L jWÆ wgG´Ÿv M ievUÆ KÑvBf N jWÆ KbÆIqvwjm DóxcKwU cGo 5 I 6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ivRyi ˆ`kwU ‰K mgq ‰KwU weG`wk kvmKGMvÓ¤x kvmb KiZ| wewf®² PvGc ZrKvjxb JcwbGewkK miKvi ‰KwU AvBb ŠZwi KGib ‰es DÚ AvBGbi gaÅ w`Gq `ywU ivGÓ¡Çi R¯Ã nq| ‰B `ywU ivGÓ¡Çi ‰KwU ˆ^GKB ivRyi Õ¼vaxb ˆ`Gki R¯Ã| 5. DóxcGK ewYÆZ JcwbGewkK miKvGii ŠZwi AvBGbi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb AvBb mvgémÅcƒYÆ? K 1909 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb L 1919 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb M 1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBb N 1947 mvGji fviZ Õ¼vaxbZv AvBb 6. DÚ AvBGbi dGji. fviZelÆ ˆ^GK weËwUk kvmGbi Aemvb nq ii. gymjgvbMY Avjv`v ivGÓ¡Çi AwaKvix nq iii. wn±`y-gymwjg «¼G±«¼i Aemvb nq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iiiNi, ii I iii 7. cƒeÆ-cvwKÕ¦vGbi ˆKvb ˆkÉwYwUi mnGhvwMZvq hyÚdÌ´Ÿ Rqjvf KGiwQj? K DœP weî L gaÅweî M kÉwgK ˆkÉwY N ivR‹bwZK ˆbZv 8. 1956 mvGj cÉYxZ cvwKÕ¦vb msweavGbi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ ŠewkÓ¡Å ˆKvbwU? K Þz`Ë msweavb L AwjwLZ msweavb M e†nr msweavb NmycwieZÆbxq msweavb DóxcKwU cGo 9 I 10 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: KGjR wkÞK AvGbvqvi‚j nK KÑvGm evsjvG`k msweavGbi msGkvabx mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv KiGZ wMGq eGjb, AvBbg¯¨x gGbviéb ai KZ‡ÆK ‰KwU msGkvabx wej RvZxq msmG` DïvwcZ nGj Zv ivÓ¡ÇcwZ KZ‡ÆK AbyGgvw`Z nq| msweavGbi ‰ msGkvaGbi dGj 47 AbyGœQG`i (2) `dvi ci bZzb `dv hyÚ nq| gvbeZv weGivax AcivaxG`i wePvGii c^ myMg KiGZ ‰ msGkvabx weGkl f„wgKv ivGL| 9. DóxcKwU msweavGbi ˆKvb msGkvabxGK BwãZ KGi? K cÉ^g L w«¼Zxq M Z‡Zxq NPZz^Æ 10. DÚ msGkvabx AvBb cÉYxZ nqi. gywÚhy«¬ PjvKvjxb MYnZÅvi wePvGii RbÅ ii. mvgwiK kvmKG`i wePvGii RbÅ iii. hy«¬vcivax cvwKÕ¦vwb ŠmbÅmn AbÅvbÅ AcivaxG`i wePvGii RbÅ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 11. gvIjvbv fvmvbxGK ‘gRjyg RbGbZv’ ejv nq| ˆKbbv wZwb wQGjb i. ˆRvZ`vi Rwg`vi weGivax ˆbZv ii. miKvi weGivax ˆbZv iii. K‡lK-kÉwgK gRjyg RbMGYi ˆbZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L ii M iii Ni, ii I iii 12. ‰ DcgnvG`Gk meÆcÉ^g Õ¼vaxbZv msMÉvg KLb msNwUZ nq? K 1800 mvGj L 1857 mvGj M 1905 mvGj N 1911 mvGj DóxcKwU cGo 13 I 14 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 1940 mvGji 23 gvPÆ AwefÚ cvévGei ivRavbx jvGnvGi gymwjg jxGMi AwaGekb eGm| ‰B AwaGekGb AwefÚ evsjvi gyLÅg¯¨x ˆkGi evsjv ‰. ˆK. dRjyj nK jvGnvi cÉÕ¦ve Dïvcb KGib| wecyj Drmvn I Dóxcbvi gaÅ w`Gq 24 gvPÆ cÉÕ¦vewU M†nxZ nq| 13. DóxcGK fviGZi gymjgvbG`i ˆKvb cÉGqvRbxqZvi K^v dzGU DGVGQ? K BsGiRG`i weZvwoZ Kiv L wn±`y gymwjg HKÅ M eãfã i` Kiv N Õ¼Z¯¨ Avevmf„wg 14. DÚ cÉÕ¦vGei gƒj cÉwZcv`Å welq wQji. ‰KwU Õ¼vaxb ivGÓ¡Çi K^v ii. ‰KvwaK ivGÓ¡Çi MVGbi K^v iii. Õ¼vqîkvmGbi K^v wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 15. cveÆZÅ ˆRjv Õ©vbxq miKvi cwil` MwVZ nq KZ mvGj? K 1981 mvGj L 1983 mvGj M 1985 mvGj N 1989 mvGj 16. evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmGbi cÉv^wgK Õ¦i nGjvK MÉvg cwil` L ^vbv cwil` M BDwbqb cwil` N DcGRjv cwil` DóxcKwU cGo 17-19 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: cjvkcyi MÉvGg wKQyw`b WvKvZG`i AZÅvPvGi RbmvaviGYi A^Æ mÁ·` nvwb nq| gKeyj miKvGii ˆbZ‡GZ½ RbMb ‰K nGq KzwV wbgÆvY KGi cvnviv ˆ`q| WvKvZG`i mvG^ msNGlÆi ci ‰jvKvwUGK Zviv gyÚ eGj ˆNvlYv ˆ`q| 17. gKeyj miKviGK ˆKvb eÅwÚi KGgÆi mvG^ Zzjbv Kiv hvq? K mƒhÆGmb L kixqZDÍÏvn M cÉxwZjZv N wZZzgxi 18. WvKvZ cÉwZGivGa cjvkcyGii KzwV wbgÆvGYi mvG^ DÚ eÅwÚi ˆKvb KvRwUi wgj iGqGQ? K weG`Ëvn L Rwg`viG`i cÉwZGiva M euvGki ˆKÍÏv wbgÆvY N mkÕ¨ hy«¬ 19. cjvkcyiGK gyÚvçj ˆNvlYvi gaÅ w`Gq wZZzgxGiii. Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆPZbvi ewntcÉKvk NGUGQ ii. Õ¼vaxb Açj cÉwZÓ¤v cÉwZwewÁ¼Z nGqGQ iii. K‡lK weG`ËvGni wkÞv cÉmvwiZ nGqGQ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 20. ‰b.wR. I ˆKvb aiGbi cÉwZÓ¤vb? K miKvwi L ˆemiKvwi M Avav-miKvwi N Õ¼vqîkvwmZ 21. `ybÆxwZ `gb Kwgkb MwVZ nq KZ mvGj? K 2001 mvGj L 2002 mvGj M 2003 mvGj N 2004 mvGj 22. evsjvG`k KZ mvGj RvwZmsGNi m`mÅc` jvf KGi? K 1973 mvGj L 1974 mvGj M 1975 mvGj N 1976 mvGj 23. BDGivcxq BDwbqb MVGbi DGókÅi. evwYwRÅK A^Æ‹bwZK D®²wZ mvab ii. AvçwjK mnGhvwMZv e†w«¬ iii. m`mÅ ˆ`kàGjvi cviÕ·wiK wek¼vm Õ©vcb

gGWj ˆUÕ¡: cƒYÆvã cÉÕ§wZ 3 wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iiiNi, ii I iii 24. ˆRjv wePviK ˆK wbGqvM KGib? K ivÓ¡ÇcwZ L cÉavbg¯¨x M wÕ·Kvi N cÉavb wePvicwZ 25. DcGRjv cwilG`i ˆgqv` KZ eQi? K 4 eQi L 5 eQi M 6 eQi N 7 eQi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 26 I 27 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: g¯¨x mwPe AwZwiÚ mwPe ? Dc-mwPe wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe 26. QGKi ewYÆZ ‘?’ wPwn×Z Õ©vGb Kx nGe? K cÉavb g¯¨x L gnv cwiPvjK M hy™Â-mwPe N mnKvix mwPe 27. ˆKvb msMVGbi mGã cÉ`wkÆZ QKwUi wgj LuyGR cvIqv hvq? K g¯¨YvjGqi L RvZxq msmG`i M mwPevjGqi N gw¯¨cwil` wefvGMi 28. Awfskmb ejGZ ˆevSvqK ivÓ¡ÇcwZGK wWwKÌ cÉ`vGbi c«¬wZ L ivÓ¡ÇcwZi AcmviY c«¬wZ M ivÓ¡ÇcwZi wei‚G«¬ gvgjv `vGqGii c«¬wZ N ivÓ¡ÇcwZ KZƆK AaÅvG`k Rvwi 29. RvZxq msmG`i mfvcwZ ˆK? K ivÓ¡ÇcwZ L cÉavbg¯¨x M wÕ·Kvi N ˆWcywU wÕ·Kvi 30. gw¯¨cwil` kvwmZ miKvi cybtcÉewZÆZ nq ˆKvb msGkvabxi gvaÅGg K `kg msGkvabx L «¼v`k msGkvabx M PZz`Æk msGkvabx N ˆlvok msGkvabx 1 L 2 M 3 N 4 M 5 N 6 N 7 L 8 M 9 K 10 M 11 M 12 L 13 N 14 M 15 N Dîi 16 M 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 L 21 N 22 L 23 K 24 N 25 L 26 M 27 M 28 L 29 M 30 L gGWj ˆUÕ¡-2 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 m†Rbkxj cÉk² mgq 2 N¥Ÿv 30 wgwbU gvb 70 [`ËÓ¡eÅ : `wÞY cvk¼ÆÕ© msLÅv cÉGk²i gvbævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI|] 1‘K’ I ‘L’ ‰KwU civaxb ivGÓ¡Ç emevm KGi| DfGqi mÁ·É`vqB wbGRG`i Õ¼vaxbZvi RbÅ AvG±`vjb KiwQj| ‘K’ ‰i mÁ·É`vGqi ˆbZ‡e†±`iv PvBwQj ˆh, Õ¼vaxbZvi ci ˆhb ‰KwU ivÓ¡Ç MwVZ nq| AbÅw`GK, ‘L’ ‰i mÁ·É`vGqi ˆbZ‡e†±` ZvG`i RbÅ Avjv`v Õ¼vaxb ivÓ¡Ç MVGbi `vwe Rvbvq| ‰RbÅ ZvG`i ivR‹bwZK `Gji AwaGekGb ‰KwU cÉÕ¦ve cvm Kiv nq| K. fviZxq RvZxq KsGMÉm KLb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq? 1 L. gymwjg jxM MVGbi DGókÅvewj eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 M. DóxcGKi ewYÆZ ‘L’ mÁ·É`vGqi cvmK‡Z cÉÕ¦vGei mvG^ ˆKvb cÉÕ¦vGei BwãZ cvIqv hvq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK BwãZK‡Z cÉÕ¦vewUi ài‚Z½ gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 2 w`kv B.B.C PÅvGbGj ‰KwU Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i mwPò cÉwZGe`b ˆ`LwQj| hyG«¬i cÉ^g w`GK eeÆi nvbv`viG`i AvKÌgY, nZÅv, jy¥¤b, Aw™²msGhvM ˆ`GL w`kv wkDGi IGV| hyG«¬i ˆklw`GK Õ¼vaxbZvKvgx exiGhv«¬vG`i cvΟv AvKÌgGYi gyGL eeÆi nvbv`vi evwnbx wcQy nUGZ ^vGK| meGkGl AvñmgcÆGYi ‰KwU `†kÅ ˆ`GL w`kv AvbG±` Awff„Z nq| K. hyÚdÌ´Ÿ KZ mvGj MwVZ nq? 1 L. fvlv AvG±`vjb msMwVZ nGqwQj ˆKb? 2 M. w`kvi ˆ`Lv Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb hyG«¬i wgj jÞ Kiv hvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ hyG«¬ AskMÉnYKvix exiGhv«¬vG`i Ae`vb gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 3 Rbve Ave`yÍÏvn `xNÆw`b ‰KwU Zx^ÆÕ©vGb AeÕ©vGbi ci ˆ`Gk wdGi AvGmb| ˆ`Gk wdGi wZwb eySGZ cvGib ˆh, Zvi ˆ`Gki gymjgvbG`i gGaÅ A‹bmjvwgK ixwZ-bxwZ, KzmsÕ•vi, AbvPvi cÉGek KiGQ| Bmjvg agÆGK ‰me A‹bmjvwgK AbvPvi ˆ^GK iÞv Kivi RbÅ Bmjvg aGgÆ hv AekÅ KiYxq Zv cvjb Kivi RbÅ wZwb gymjgvb mgvRGK Avn»vb Rvbvb| K. beve mÅvi mwjgyÍÏvn KZ mvGj R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? 1 L. gymwjg jxM ˆKb MVb Kiv nq? 2 M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Rbve Ave`yÍÏvni KgÆKvGíi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb ivR‹bwZK eÅwÚGZ½i KgÆKvGíi mv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DÚ eÅwÚGZ½i KgÆKví gymjgvbG`i hyGM hyGM ˆcÉiYv ˆhvMvGe@ eÚeÅwU weGkÏlY Ki| 4 4 evsjvG`Gki msweavb `yÓ·wieZÆbxq cÉK‡wZi| hLb ZLb msweavb msGkvaGbi wbqg ˆbB| msweavGbi cwieZÆb I msGkvaGbi RbÅ ‘`kg fvM’@ ‰ ‰K ‘weGkl c«¬wZ’ AbymiGYi K^v ejv nGqGQ| ejv nq ˆh, ‘msweavb msGkvaGbi AwaKvi ˆKej RvZxq msmG`i|’ K. RvZxq msmG`i eZÆgvb Avmb msLÅv KZ? 1 L. ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi KvGK eGj? eywSGq ˆjL| 2 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msweavb msGkvaGbi ‘weGkl c«¬wZ’ eÅvLÅv Ki|3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ meÆGkl DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv weGkÏlY Ki| 4 5 BDwc ˆPqvigÅvb Rqbyj AvGe`xb Zvi RwgRgv msKÌv¯¦ weGiva gxgvsmvi RbÅ evsjvG`Gki DœP Av`vjGZ ‰KwU gvgjv KGi| wZwb Avkv KGiwQGjb ‰Lvb ˆ^GK wZwb bÅvqwePvi cvGeb| wK¯¦y Av`vjGZi ivGq wZwb m¯¦yÓ¡ nGZ cviGjb bv| Zvi wei‚«¬ev`x m¯¨vmx ‰es cÉPzi UvKvi gvwjK| gvgjvi ivGq gGb nGjv wePviK wbiGcÞfvGe wePvi KvR mÁ·®² KiGZ cvGibwb| wZwb fveGjb wePviK wbGqvGMi eÅvcvGi weGkl wKQy w`KGK cÉvavbÅ bv w`Gj RbMY KLbI bÅvqwePvi cvGe bv| K. cÉkvmwbK UÇvBeyÅbvj mÁ·GKÆ msweavGb Kx DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ? 1 L. wePvi wefvGMi Õ¼vaxbZv ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2 M. Rqbyj AvGe`xb ˆh Av`vjGZ gvgjv KGiGQb Zvi KvhÆcÉYvwj ‰es KvGRi cwiwa mÁ·GKÆ ˆjL| 3 N. RbMGYi bÅvqwePvi wbwøZ KiGZ wePviKG`i wbiGcÞ ^vKv ˆKvb ˆKvb welGqi Ici wbfÆi KGi eGj Zywg gGb KGiv? 4 6Rvwgj ˆcŒibxwZ KÑvGm ˆ`Lj wkÞK cÉRvZG¯¨i A^Æ‹bwZK welGqi Ici AvGjvPbv KGiGQb| wkÞK ejGjb, miKvGii mKj Avq-eÅq I A^ÆwelqK Z^Å ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vbGK RvbvGZ nq| DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGb mevB ZvG`i wnmve I Avq-eÅGqi welGq Z^Å w`GZ evaÅ ^vGK| ZvQvov cÉwZÓ¤vbwU ˆhGKvGbv AwdGmi `wjj, iwm`, KvMRcò, dvBj, fvDPvi, LiGPi weeiYx Zje KiGZ cvGi ‰es cixÞv KiGZ cvGi| AekÅ ‰B cÉwZÓ¤vbwU ivÓ¡ÌcwZi wbKU ZvG`i mKj KvhÆKÌGgi AvbyÓ¤vwbK weeiY I wiGcvUÆ ˆck KGib| ivÓ¡ÌcwZ Zv msmG` DcÕ©vcGbi eÅeÕ©v KGib| Rvwgj cÉk² Kij, mÅvi, cÉwZÓ¤vbwU ˆZv AGbK ÞgZvkvjx| wkÞK ejGjb, ‰wU ‰KwU mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb| K. BPSC-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1 L. ‘`ybÆxwZ ‰KwU mvgvwRK eÅvwa’ eywSGq ˆjL| 2 M. DóxcGK evsjvG`k miKvGii ˆKvb mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vGbi BwãZ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGKi BwãZK‡Z cÉwZÓ¤vGbi ÞgZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4

4 cv‡Äix m„Rbkxj †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ 7 AaÅvcK ˆLviGk` Avjg ‰KRb ivRbxwZwe`| wZwb RvZxq msmG`i m`mÅ wnGmGe wbeÆvwPZ nGqwQGjb| wZwb ˆh eQi wbeÆvwPZ nGqwQGjb ˆm eQi Zvi `j wbeÆvPGb 293wU Avmb jvf KGi| ‰ wbeÆvPGbi msiwÞZ AvmGb gwnjv m`mÅG`i wbeÆvPb c«¬wZ eZÆgvGbi ˆPGq c†^K wQj| K. evsjvG`ki ˆKvb msÕ©v wbeÆvPb cwiPvjbv KGi? 1 L. evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPGbi `ywU ŠewkÓ¡Å eYÆbv Ki| 2 M. AaÅvcK ˆLviGk` Avjg ˆKvb msm` wbeÆvPGb Ask wbGqwQj? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ wbeÆvPGb msiwÞZ AvmGb gwnjv m`mÅG`i wbeÆvPb c«¬wZ eZÆgvGbi ˆPGq c†^K wQj@ K^vwUi h^v^ÆZv hvPvB Ki| 4 8 RvwiGdi wcÉq dj Avg| ˆm evRvi ˆ^GK my±`i is ˆ`GL wKQy jÅvsov Avg KÌq KGi| evmvq ‰Gm ˆKGU ˆ`GL ˆfZGi AuvwU kÚ nqwb| AvgàGjv ˆLGZ AwZwiÚ wgwÓ¡| ‰B Avg ˆLGq Zvi ˆQvU fvBGqi ˆcGU AmyL ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| K. `ybÆxwZ A^Æ Kx? 1 L. evsjvG`Gk `ybÆxwZi `ywU KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. DóxcGK RvwiGdi mgmÅvwU evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb mgmÅvi BwãZ enb KGi? wbi…cY KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGK Rvwid evsjvG`Gki ˆh mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb nGqGQ, Zv cÉwZGivGa KiYxq mycvwik KGiv| 4 9 ‘K’ ‰KwU wekvj DcGRjv| weivU AvqZb I wecyj RbmsLÅvi KviGY wewf®² D®²qb KgÆKví evÕ¦evqGb mgmÅv m†wÓ¡ nq| DcGRjvi ‰K wekvj RbGMvÓ¤x c†^K DcGRjv MVGbi `vwe Rvbvq| KZ‡ÆcÞ ZvGZ mviv w`Gq wewf®² KviY ˆ`wLGq DcGRjvGK wefÚ Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY KGi| K. fviZeGlÆi meÆGkl MfbÆi ˆK wQGjb? 1 L. 1906 mvGj gymwjg jxM MVb Kiv nq ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ NUbvi mvG^ HwZnvwmK ˆKvb welGqi wgj iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK cvVÅeBGqi HwZnvwmK NUbvwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 10 ‘K’ bvgK ‰KwU ˆ`k 1947 mvGj wefÚ nGq ‘X’ I ‘Y’ bvgK `ywU Õ¼vaxb ivGÓ¡Ìi R¯Ã nq| ZLb ‘Y’ ‰i ivÓ¡Ìfvlv D`yÆ Kivi RbÅ ZrKvjxb ‘Y’ miKvi lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| ‰ lohG¯¨i ZxeË cÉwZev` Rvbvq ‘Y’ ivGÓ¡Ìi cƒeÆvçGji RbMY| ‰ cÉwZevG`i avivevwnKZvq 1952 mvGji 21 ˆdeË‚qvwi AvG±`vjGb Ask ˆbq cƒeÆvçGji Qvò I Zi‚Y mgvR| dGj Rxeb w`GZ nq iwdK, mwdK, mvjvg, eiKZ, Re»vimn AGbK Zi‚YGK| K. evOvwji gÅvMbvKvUÆv ejv nq ˆKvbwUGK? 1 L. AvMiZjv gvgjv `vGqi Kiv nGqwQj ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGKi NUbvwU ˆKvb AvG±`vjGbi BwãZ enb KiGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ AvG±`vjb evOvwj RvZxqZvev` weKvGk KZUzKz Ae`vb ˆiGLGQ eGj gGb Ki? ˆZvgvi gGZi Õ¼cGÞ hywÚ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4 11 W. Kvgvj ˆnvGmGbi ˆbZ‡GZ½ 34 Rb m`mÅ wewkÓ¡ ‘Lmov msweavb cÉYqb KwgwU’ MwVZ nq| Lmov msweavb cÉYqb KwgwU ˆgvU 74wU ŠeVGK wgwjZ nq| KwgwU wewf®² msMVb I AvMÉnx eÅwÚG`i nGZ msweavb mÁ·GKÆ cÉÕ¦ve Avnevb KGi ‰es 98wU mycvwik cvq| 1972 mvGji 12 AGÙvei Lmov msweavb wej MYcwilG`i cƒYÆvã AwaGekGb ˆck Kiv nq| K. ‘evsjvG`k MYcwil` AvG`k’ KLb Rvwi Kiv nq? 1 L. RvZxq msÕ•‡wZ msiÞY mÁ·GKÆ msweavGb Kx ejv nGqGQ? 2 M. DóxcGK evsjvG`Gki msweavGbi ˆKvb welqwU mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvKcvZ Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ KwgwU «¼viv cÉYxZ msweavGbi ŠewkÓ¡Å weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-30 wgwbU gvb-30 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| 1. 1857 mvj BwZnvGm ÕÃiYxq nGq iGqGQ ˆKvb KviGY? K cjvwk hy«¬ L wmcvnx weG`Ëvn M eãfã N fviZxq Õ¼vaxbZv 2. HwZnvwmK 6-`dvGK Kx ejv nq? K RvZxqZvev`x wP¯¦v ˆPZbvi gvaÅGg L HwZnvwmK PzwÚcò M evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` N wek¼kvw¯¦ I msnwZi evnK 3. Rjevqyi cwieZÆGbi dGj ˆhme mgmÅvi m†wÓ¡ nGœQ i. ebÅv ii. gi‚KiY iii.So-RGjvœQ¾vm wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 4. RvwZmsGNi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi cÉÕ¦ve cvk Kiv nq KZ mvGj? K 1947 mvGj L 1948 mvGj M 1949 mvGj N 1952 mvGj 5. ˆh me gvaÅGg ‰BWm Qovq bv i. iGÚi gvaÅGg ii. nuvwPi gvaÅGg iii. ^y^yi gvaÅGg wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii DóxcKwU cGo 6 I 7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: Bmjvgvev` MÉvGgi ˆjvKRb bvbv iKg KzmsÕ•vi I A‹bmjvwgK ixwZbxwZGZ AfÅÕ¦ nGq cGo| KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² ‰ AçGji gvbylG`i mwVK cG^i m®¬vb w`GZ ‰wMGq AvGmb Rbve kixd mvGne bvgK ‰KRb mGPZb eÅwÚ| 6. kixd mvGnGei RxeGbi mvG^ ˆKvb eÅwÚi wgj LuyGR cvIqv hvq? K nvRx kixqZzÍÏvn L `y`y wgqv M wZZzgxi N ˆMvjvg gvmyg 7. DÚ eÅwÚi AvG±`vjGbi aib wQj i. mvgvwRK ii. agÆxq iii. ivR‹bwZK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 8. BDGivc ˆ^GK fviGZ Avmvi c^ AvweÓ•vi KGib ˆK? K KjÁ¼vm L BeGb eZzZv M fvGÕ•v-Wv-Mvgv N jWÆ KÑvBf 9. 1905 mvGj evsjv fvM KGib ˆK? K jWÆ KbÆIqvwjm L jWÆ KvRÆb M jWÆ ˆPgmGdvWÆ N jWÆ ixwWs 10. ˆKvb AvBb «¼viv fviZeGlÆ mivmwi weËwUk kvmb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq? K ˆiàGjwUs ‰ÅvÙ, 1773 L wPiÕ©vqx eG±`veÕ¦ AvBb, 1793 M ˆeãjcÅvÙ, 1923 N fviZ kvmb AvBb, 1858 11. cvwKÕ¦vb RG¯Ãi wfwî K agÆ I K‡wÓ¡ L fvlv I msÕ•‡wZ M RvZxqZvGeva I msÕ•‡wZK HKÅ N A^Æ‹bwZK HKÅ 12. Kvi ˆbZ‡GZ½ fvlv AvG±`vjGbi cÉ^g msMVb ‘Zgyób gRwjm’ MwVZ nq? K Wv. KvRx ˆgvZvnvi ˆnvGmb L AaÅvcK Aveyj KvGkg M Rbve Aveyj gbmyi AvnGg` N gynvÁÃ` knx`yÍÏvn wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 13 I 14 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: iwb K‡lK cwievGii ˆgavex m¯¦vb| Zvi ˆjLvcovi LiP ˆhvMvGZ Zvi evev hLb wngwkg Lvq ZLb cvovq my`GLvi gnvRGbi KvQ ˆ^GK Pov myG` UvKv avi KGi| mgvGR ‰ ˆkÉwY MGo DGV 1793 mvGji weËwUk KZ‡ÆK cÉewZÆZ ‰KwU eG±`veGÕ¦i gvaÅGg| 13. DóxcGK ˆKvb eG±`veGÕ¦i K^v ejv nGqGQ? K weËwUk L wPiÕ©vqx M bxjKi N K‡lK 14. DÚ eG±`veGÕ¦i dGj MGo DGV i. K‡lKbxwZ ii. `vjvj iii. jvwVqvj wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 15. `ybÆxwZ ˆ^GK cÉwZKvi cvIqvi Dcvq nGjv i. ivR‹bwZK AãxKvi ii. DchyÚ AvBb cÉYqb iii. AvgjvG`i mZZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 16. BfwUwRs ‰KwUK kvixwiK eÅvwa L mvgvwRK eÅvwa M gvbwmK eÅvwa N wbivgq AGhvMÅ eÅvwa

gGWj ˆUÕ¡: cƒYÆvã cÉÕ§wZ 5 17. I.AvB.wm.i cÉ^g kxlÆ mGÁÃjb ˆKv^vq AbywÓ¤Z nq? K evsjvG`Gki XvKvq L giGØvi ivevGZ M wgkGii KvqGivGZ N ˆmŒw` AviGei ˆRóvq DóxcKwU cGo 18 I 19 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: Rbve RvGf` mvBevi Aciva mÁ·wKÆZ ‰KwU ˆmwgbvGi AvGjvPK wnGmGe DcwÕ©Z wQGjb| wZwb Zvi AvGjvPbvq mvBevi Aciva mÁ·wKÆZ ‰KwU wej DïvcGbi AãxKvi KGib| 18. Rbve RvGf` wbGPi ˆKvb RbcÉwZwbwa? K BDwbqb cwil` ˆPqvigÅvb L DcGRjv ˆPqvigÅvb M ˆcŒimfv ˆgqi N msm` m`mÅ 19. Rbve RvGfG`i meGPGq ài‚Z½cƒYÆ KvR ˆKvbwU? K AvBb cÉYqb Kiv L AbvÕ©v ævcb Kiv M AwaGekbMY gƒjZwei ˆNvlYv ˆ`qv N evGRU cvm Kiv 20. 6-`dv KZ mvGj ˆNvwlZ nq? K 1965 L 1966 M 1967 N 1968 21. wZZzgxGii AvG±`vjGbi jÞÅ wQji. Š`bw±`b RxeGb BmjvGgi Abykvmb cÉwZÓ¤v ii. weËwUk kvmb ˆ^GK evsjvGK gyÚ Kiv iii. Rwg`vi ‰es BDGivcxq bxjKG`i AZÅvPvi cÉwZGiva Kiv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. ˆeãj cÅvÙ PzwÚ Õ¼vÞwiZ nq KZ mvGj? K 1916 L 1923 M 1928 N1929 23. beve mÅvi mwjgyÍÏvn wQGjbi. eãfGãi mg^ÆK ii. eãfGãi weGivwaZvKvix iii. Õ¼G`kx AvG±`vjGbi ˆbZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 24 I 25 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ‘K’ bvgK ‰KwU ˆ`k msm`xq miKvi eÅeÕ©vi gvaÅGg cwiPvwjZ nq| ‰G`Gk mGeÆvœP cG` ‘L’ bvgK ‰KRb eÅwÚ wbeÆvwPZ nq| DÚ cG`i AwawÓ¤Z eÅwÚi nvGZ ÞgZv bv ^vKGjI wbqgZvw¯¨K cÉavb wnGmGe wZwb KwZcq ài‚Z½cƒYÆ `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib| 24. DóxcGK Rbve ‘L’ ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb cG`i RbÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb? K cÉavbg¯¨x L ivÓ¡ÇcwZ M mwPe N Õ·xKvi 25. DÚcG` wbeÆvwPZ Rbve ‘L’ ‰i kvmb msKÌv¯¦ ÞgZv ˆKvbwU? K `í gIKzd L AaÅvG`k Rvix M cÉavg¯¨xi wbGqvM N msmG`i AwaGekb Avn»vb 26. DÚ cG`i ˆhvMÅZv nGjvi. cuqwòk eQi eqÕ• nGZ nGe ii. AekÅB H ˆ`Gki bvMwiK nGZ nGe iii. msm` m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nIqvi ˆhvMÅZv nGZ nGe wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 27. evsjvG`Gki msweavb ˆKvb aiGbi? K wjwLZ I bgbxq L wjwLZ I mycwieZÆbxq M wjwLZ I `yÓ·wieZÆbxq N wjwLZ I Abgbxq 28. «¼v`k msGkvabxi gƒj ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv K ivÓ¡ÇcwZ kvwmZ eÅeÕ©vi cÉeZÆb L Zî½veavqK miKvi eÅeÕ©v cÉeZÆb M msm`xq miKvi eÅeÕ©v cÉeZÆb N Zî½veavqK miKvi eÅeÕ©v wejyµ¦ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 29 I 30 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: Rbve ‘K’ AvBbRxex wnGmGe evsjvG`Gki mGeÆvœP Av`vjZ mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆ `xNÆ w`b `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib| Zvi mZZv, wbÓ¤v I KgÆ`ÞZvi RbÅ miKvi ZvGK evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU ài‚Z½cyYÆ cG` wbGqvM `vb KGib| wZwb evsjvG`k miKviGK AvBwb mnvqZv I civgkÆ w`Gq ^vGKb| 29. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i wbGqvM cÉvµ¦ c`wUK ivÓ¡ÇcwZ L Õ·xKvi M AvBbg¯¨x N AÅvUwbÆ ˆRbvGij 30. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i `vwqZ½ i. cÉRvZG¯¨i cGÞ AvBGbi RwUj cÉGk²i gZvgZ ii. ivÓ¡ÇcwZ KZ‡ÆK AwcÆZ `vwqZ½ cvjb iii. cÉavbg¯¨x KZ‡ÆK `vwqZ½ cvjb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 1 L 2 M 3 N 4 L 5 M 6 K 7 N 8 M 9 L 10 N 11 K 12 L 13 L 14 M 15 N Dîi 16 L 17 L 18 N 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 L 23 K 24 L 25 M 26 N 27 M 28 M 29 N 30 K gGWj ˆUÕ¡-3 †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 m†Rbkxj cÉk² mgq 2 N¥Ÿv 30 wgwbU gvb 70 [`ËÓ¡eÅ : `wÞY cvk¼ÆÕ© msLÅv cÉGk²i gvbævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI|] 1 Rbve kviwgb AvdGivR fviZxq DcgnvG`Gki kvmbZvw¯¨K AMÉMwZi BwZnvm coGZ ˆhGq eGjb ˆh, weËwUk fviGZ ZrKvjxb kvmKiv bvbvwea AvBb cÉYqb KGib| ‰ AvBbàGjv KLGbv ‰ AçGji RbMYGK cwicƒYÆ m¯§wÓ¡ w`GZ cvGiwb| ZeyI ‰me AvBbàGjvi gGaÅ meÆGkl AvBbwU wQj fviZxq DcgnvG`Gki ivRbxwZwe` I RbMGYi RbÅ Pig Kvw›ÞZ| K. eãfã Kx? 1 L. jvGnvi cÉÕ¦vGei gƒjK^v Kx wQj? 2 M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Rbve kviwgb AvdGivGRi AvBGbi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb AvBGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ@eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Rbve kviwgb AvdGivGRi AvBGbi ZvrchÆ weGkÏlY Ki 4 2 wbGPi QweàGjv jÞ Ki ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI : K. D`yÆGK ivÓ¡Ìfvlv wnGmGe cÉ^g ˆNvlYv ˆK ˆ`b? 1 L. ‘meÆ`jxq ivÓ¡Ìfvlv msMÉvg cwil`’ ˆKb MwVZ nq? 2 M. evOvwji fvlv msÕ•‡wZ iÞvq cÉ^g wPòwUi KgÆKvGíi ài‚Z½ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. w«¼Zxq wPòwU evOvwj RvZxqZvGevGai ewntcÉKvk-‰i mZÅZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4 3 Rbve ‘K’ ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK eÅwÚZ½| Zvi mgq `ywU aGgÆi AbymvixG`i gGaÅ mvÁ·É`vwqK weGiva Pig AvKvi aviY KGi| DÚ ivR‹bwZK ˆbZvi AKÑv¯¦ cwikÉGg mvÁ·É`vwqK mÁ·ÉxwZ iÞvi RbÅ weGivacƒYÆ `yB aGgÆi ˆbZvG`i gGaÅ ‰K PzwÚ Õ¼vÞwiZ nq| wP¯¦v-ˆPZbv I gbGb ‰B ˆbZv wQGjb ‰KRb AmvÁ·É`vwqK eÅwÚZ½| K. eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb KLb evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv ˆNvlYv KGib? 1 L. ˆnvGmb knx` ˆmvnivIqv`ÆxGK MYZG¯¨i gvbmcyò ejv nq ˆKb? 2 M. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i KgÆKvGíi mvG^ wPîiéb `vGmi cÉGPÓ¡vq mÁ·vw`Z ˆeãj cÅvGÙi Kx mv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq AmvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbvi ài‚Z½ wPîiéb `vGmi KgÆKvGíi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 4Rbve ˆgvRvGÁÃj nK ‰KwU MÉvgxY msÕ©vi wbeÆvwPZ cÉavb| evsjvG`Gk ‰ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi meÆGgvU 13 Rb wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa iGqGQb| ‰jvKvi

6 cv‡Äix m„Rbkxj †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb wØZxq cÎ RbMGYi ˆmev cÉ`vb I Õ©vbxq D®²qGb wZwb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv ivGLb| wZwb ‰GÞGò RbMGYi gZvgZGK ài‚Z½ ˆ`b| ûvbxq cwiK͸bv cÉYqb I evÕ¦evqGb wZwb RbMYGK mÁ·†Ú KGib| K. BDwbqb cwilG`i KvhÆKvj KZ eQi? 1 L. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 M. Rbve ˆgvRvGÁÃj nK ˆKvb msÕ©vi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGiGQb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. MÉvgxY D®²qGb DÚ msÕ©vi KvhÆvewj gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 5‘K’ I ‘L’ wbeÆvPGb ˆKvGbv ivR‹bwZK `jB wbiâzk msLÅvMwiÓ¤Zv ARÆb KiGZ cvGi wb| ZvB msmG`i msLÅvMwiÓ¤ `j AbÅvbÅ `Gji mnvqZvq miKvi MVb KGi| ‰ `ywU wbeÆvPGbi ˆcÉÞvcUI wQj wf®²| K. evsjvG`Gki cÉ^g msm` wbevÆPb KLb AbywÓ¤Z nq? 1 L. evsjvG`Gki wbeÆvPGbi `ywU ŠewkÓ¡Å eYÆbv Ki| 2 M. DóxcGK ˆKvb `ywU wbeÆvPGbi cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘`ywU wbeÆvPGbi ˆcÉÞvcUI wQj wf®²’@ K^vwUi ˆhŒwÚKZv weGkÏlY Ki| 4 6‘K’ I ‘L’ `ywU cÉwZGekx ivÓ¡Ì| ivÓ¡Ì `ywUi gGaÅ mgy`Ëmxgv wbGq weGiva ˆ`Lv w`Gj RvwZmsGNi ‰KwU kvLvq weGiva wbÓ·wîi AvGe`b Kiv nq| DÚ kvLvwU weGiva wbÓ·wî KGi ˆ`q| K. KgbIGqj^ MwVZ nq KZ mvGj? 1 L. mvKÆ MwVZ nq ˆKb? 2 M. RvwZmsGNi ˆKvb msÕ©v ‘K’ I ‘L’ ivGÓ¡Ìi weGiva gxgvsmv KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. wek¼ kvw¯¦ cÉwZÓ¤vq DÚ msÕ©vi ài‚Z½ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 7 eo aiGbi AcvGikGbi KviGY kvixwiKfvGe `yeÆj nGq cGo nvwjgv LvZzb| WvÚvi ejGjb ˆh, nvwjgv LvZzGbi iGÚi cÉGqvRb| ˆm mgq nvwjgv LvZzbGK iÚ ˆ`q Zvi cÉevmx e®¬y nvwg`| ‰ici ˆ^GK AGbK w`b hver myÕ© nvwjgv LvZzb| wK¯§ Zvi kixGii IRb w`b w`b KGg hvGœQ, ‰KUzGZB ˆm KÑv¯¦ nGq coGQ| dGj ˆm WvÚvGii kiYvc®² nGjv ‰es RvbGZ cvij ˆm ‰BPAvBwf fvBivm «¼viv msKÌwgZ nGqGQ| K. ‘HIV’-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1 L. ‰BWm AvKÌv¯¦ eÅwÚ KxfvGe g†ZzÅi ˆKvGj XGj cGo? 2 M. DóxcGKi nvwjgv LvZzb KxfvGe ‰BPAvBwf fvBivm «¼viv msKÌwgZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ msKÌgY mgvRRxeGb Kx aiGbi cÉfve ˆdjGe eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 8 Rbve ‘K’ Zvi ˆ`Gki ‰KRb DœPc`Õ© miKvwi KgÆKZÆv| wZwb Zvi ˆ`Gki ‰KwU DcwbGeGk ‰Gm ˆ`LGZ cvb ˆh, ˆmLvGb RbMGYi `vwe miKvGii wbKU DcÕ©vcGbi RbÅ ˆKvGbv ivR‹bwZK `j ˆbB| wZwb ZvB ˆmB DcwbGeGk ‰KwU ivR‹bwZK `j cÉwZÓ¤v Kivi DG`ÅvM ˆbb| ‘K’ cÉwZwÓ¤Z ivR‹bwZK `jwU cieZÆxGZ DcwbGeGki Õ¼vaxbZvi AvG±`vjGb ˆbZ‡Z½ ˆ`q| K. 1861 mvGji AvBb AbymvGi MfbÆi ˆRbvGiGji wbeÆvnx cwilG`i m`mÅ KZRb wQj? 1 L. 1892 mvGji KvDw´Öj AvBb ˆKb cvm Kiv nq? 2 M. DóxcGKi NUbvwU ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb ivR‹bwZK `Gji mvG^ wgj iGqGQ? eYÆbv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ivR‹bwZK `jwUi KgÆKví gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 9 Rvwgj ‰KRb AvBbRxex| AvBbkvÕ¨ covi mgq ZvGK wewf®² welq covi cvkvcvwk mvsweavwbK AvBbI coGZ nGqGQ| wZwb AbÅvbÅ ˆ`Gki msweavb cGoGQb| wK¯§ Zvi KvGQ meGPGq AvøhÆ gGb nGqGQ, AwZ`Ë‚Z mgGq ‘K’ ˆ`Gk ‰KwU AbbÅ cÉK‡wZi msweavb iwPZ nGqGQ, ˆhLvGb RbMGYi mKj AwaKvi mÁ·ƒYÆ msiÞY Kiv nGqGQ| K. evsjvG`k MYcwil` AvG`k KGe Rvwi Kiv nq? 1 L. msweavb ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆ`kwUi msweavb iPbvi ˆÞGò ˆKvb ˆ`Gki msweavb iPbvi wgj cvIqv hvq? eYÆbv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGKi meÆGkl eÚeÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4 10 ˆikgxi ˆ`Gk AvVvi eQi eqÕ• mKj bvMwiK ˆfvU `vGbi AwaKvix| ˆikgx Zvi e®¬y mvivj cv¯©vi ˆ`Gk ˆeovGZ wMGq RvbGZ cvGi ˆh, ˆm ˆ`Gk KvGjv gvbyGli ˆKvGbv ˆfvUvwaKvi ˆbB| ˆ`Gk wdGi ˆikgx KvGjv gvbyGli ˆfvUvwaKvGii cGÞ cwòKvq ‰KwU wbe®¬ wjLGj Zv ˆek AvGjvob m†wÓ¡ KGi| K. evsjvG`Gk cçg RvZxq msm` wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq ˆKvb ZvwiGL? 1 L. wbeÆvPGbi gvaÅGg miKvi cwiPvjbvq KxfvGe bvMwiGKi Askx`vwiZ½ wbwøZ nq? 2 M. ˆikgxi ˆ`Gk ˆKvb aiGbi ˆfvUvwaKvi eÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ `yB e®¬yi ˆ`Gk cÉPwjZ ˆfvUvwaKvGii gGaÅ ˆKvbwU MYZvw¯¨K eÅeÕ©vGK my`†p KiGe eGj Zywg gGb Ki? gZvgZ `vI| 4 11 cÉwZw`b ˆfvGii KvMR LyjGjB LvG`Å ˆfRvGji fqven mwPò cÉwZGe`b ˆ`LGZ cvIqv hvq| gvbyl bvGgi Kjâ wKQy Amvay eÅwÚ LvG`Å ˆfRvGji mvG^ hyÚ| ‰gb ˆKvGbv Lv`ÅmvgMÉx ˆbB hvGZ Zviv ˆfRvj ˆgkvGœQ bv| ‰iv Lv`ÅmvgMÉx, gvQ, mewR, djgƒj mewKQyGZB ˆhfvGe gvBUwÝb bvgK welvÚ ˆKwgKÅvjm, welvÚ is, KxUbvkK, digvwjb, wWwWwU cÉf‡wZ ˆgkvGœQ hv RbÕ¼vGÕ©Åi RbÅ ÞwZKi| K. ‰BWm Kx? 1 L. Bf wUwRs ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2 M. DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvGœQ ˆh ‰KGkÉwYi Amvay eÅemvqx evsjvG`Gk Lv`ÅmvgMÉxGZ ÞwZKi ivmvqwbK c`v^Æ ˆgkvGœQ| ‰i ÞwZKi cwiYwZ mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ LvG`Å ˆfRvj cÉwZGivGa Zzwg Kx Kx eÅeÕ©v MÉnGYi mycvwik KiGe? 4 eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv welq ˆKvW : 2 3 0 mgq-30 wgwbU gvb-30 weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| DóxcKwU cGo 1 I 2 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: iwKe XvKvi Avnmvb gwéGj ˆeovGZ wMGq ‰KwU Qwe ˆ`GL ˆek AevK nq| QwewUi wbGP KÅvcmb wnGmGe ˆjLv wQj meÆfviZxq wkÞK mGÁÃjb, 28-30 ˆk wWGmÁ¼i 1906| 1. DwÍÏwLZ QwewUGZ ˆbZ‡e†±` Kvi Avn»vGb mGÁÃjGb ˆhvM w`GqwQj? K LvRv bvwRg Dóxb L beve Avnmvb DÍÏvn M beve mÅvi mwjgyÍÏvn N mÅvi Šmq` Avng` 2. DÚ mGÁÃjb ˆ^GK M†nxZ wm«¬v¯¦mgƒn nGjvi. eãfGãi cÉwZ mg^Æb cÉKvk ii. Aj Bw´£qv gymwjg KbGdWvGikb MVb iii. ivR‹bwZK `j wnGmGe gymwjg jxM MVb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 3. ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ ˆK cÉeZÆb KGib? K ˆRbvGij AvBqye Lvb L wUØv Lvb M ˆgvnvÁÃ` Avjx wR®²vn N ˆkGi evsjv ‰. ˆK. dRjyj nK 4. AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM MwVZ nGj gvIjvbv fvmvbx ZvGZ ˆKvb c` MÉnY KGib? K mÁ·`vK L mfvcwZ M mn-mfvcwZ N hy™²-mÁ·v`K 5. evsjvG`Gki msweavGbi mGã mvsNwlÆK ˆKvb AvBbGK evwZj KiGZ cvGib? K ivÓ¡ÇcwZ L RR ˆKvUÆ M gw¯¨cwil` N mycÉxgGKvUÆ 6. ivÓ¡ÇcwZGK Awfksmb KiGZ cvGiK RvZxq msm` L kvmb wefvM

gGWj ˆUÕ¡: cƒYÆvã cÉÕ§wZ 7 M wePvi wefvM N gw¯¨cwil` 7. eZÆgvGb evsjvG`Gki msweavGb KZ AbyGœQ` iGqGQ? K 151wU L 163wUM 152wU N 153wU 8. ‰BWm ˆivGMi jÞYi. IRb nËvm cvIqv ii. ˆivM cÉwZGiva ÞgZv KGg hvIqv iii. wgwÓ¡ LvevGii cÉwZ AvMÉn ˆeGo hvIqv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iiiM ii I iiiN i, ii I iii 9. wKGmi AfvGe `ybÆxwZ R¯Ã ˆbq? K wbiGcÞZv L wePvi wefvGMi Õ¼vaxbZv M `vwqZ½kxj miKvi N mykvmb DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 10 I 11 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ‘K’ ‰KRb cÉwZe®¬x ˆgGq| gv-evev ZvGK me mgq NGi AvUGK ivGL| evwoi KvDGK wKQy bv eGj nVvr ˆm ‰Kw`b ivÕ¦vq ˆei nGq hvq| cGi Zvi jvk cwiZÅÚ AeÕ©vq cvIqv hvq| 10. AbyGœQ` ‘K’ ‰i cÉwZ Zvi cwievGii AvPiY Kxi…c wQj? K D`vmxb L mGPZb M wbivcîvcƒYÆ N ŠelgÅnxb 11. mvgvwRKfvGe mGPZb nGj ‘K’ ‰i gGZv ˆgGqiv ˆh me myweav cvGei. wbivcîv ii. KzmsÕ•vi ˆ^GK gywÚ iii. ˆmev I mnGhvwMZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iiiM ii I iiiN i, ii I iii 12. mvKÆ mb` ˆKv^vq Õ¼vÞwiZ nq? K bqvw`wÍÏGZ L XvKvq M KvVgy´£zGZ N KjGÁ¼vq 13. cÉavb-wbeÆvPb Kwgkbvi ˆK wbGqvM ˆ`b? K AvBbg¯¨x L cÉavbg¯¨x M ivÓ¡ÇcwZ N wÕ·Kvi 14. NGO- ‰i cyGiv A^Æ Kx? K Non-Government Organization L Non-Government Office M None-Government Organization N Not-Government Organization 15. Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ KviYi. ‰GZ ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii KvhÆfvi jvNe nq ii. RvZxq ˆbZ‡GZ½i m†wÓ¡ nq iii. AvgjvZvw¯¨K ivRbxwZ wUwKGq ivLv hvq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 16. ivÓ¡ÇcwZ wKfvGe wbeÆvwPZ nb? K gw¯¨mfvi m`mÅMGYi ˆfvGU L RvZxq msm` m`mÅMGYi ˆfvGU M cÉavbg¯¨x KZ‡ÆK N wÕ·Kvi KZ‡ÆK DóxcKwU cGo 17 I 18 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: RvZxq msm` AwaGekGb ‰KRb msm` m`mÅ wkÞvg¯¨xGK cvewjK cixÞvi cÉk²cò duvGmi eÅvcvGi cÉk² KiGj DîGi g¯¨x eGjb, ‘KGqKwU cixÞvi eÅvcvGi AvgvG`i ò‚wU Zv Õ¼xKvi KiwQ, ZGe ‰Lb ˆ^GK cixÞvq 32wU cÉk² ˆmU ˆ^GK 1wU ˆmGU cixÞv ˆbqv nGe| 17. AbyGœQG` ˆKvb welqwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQK msmG`i mveÆGfŒgZ½ L gƒjZzwe cÉÕ¦ve M kvmb wefvGMi Revew`wnZv N AbvÕ©v cÉÕ¦ve 18. ‰ aiGbi cÉGk²i dGj i. msm`xq MYZG¯¨i KvhÆKvwiZv e†w«¬ cvq ii. msmG`i ˆÕ¼œQvPvwiZv e†w«¬ cvq iii. g¯¨xG`i `vwqZ½kxjZv e†w«¬ cvq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iiiM ii I iiiN i, ii I iii 19. ˆKvb ivGÓ¡Çi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki ŠeG`wkK mÁ·KÆ ˆbB? K fviZ L ˆbcvj M BmivBj N cvwKÕ¦vb 20. cÉZÅÞ c«¬wZi wbeÆvPGbi wfZi w`Gq RbMGYi gGaÅ NGUK ˆgav weKvk L gvbwmKZvi weKvk M ivR‹bwZK wkÞv I ˆPZbvi weKvk N meàGjv 21. wR®²vni w«¼-RvwZ ZGî½i gƒj w`K ˆKvbwU? K fviGZi cÉavb RvwZ gymjgvb L fviGZi wn±`y I gymjgvbG`i mgvb AwaKvi M fviZelÆ gymjgvb kvmb KiGe N jvGnvi cÉÕ¦vGei wfwîGZ fviZGK fvM KiGZ nGe 22. fviGZi gvò `ywU `jB AvGQ-weËwUk I KsGMÉmDwÚwU Kvi? K gnvñv Mv®¬xi L wPîiéb `vGmi M myfvl emyi N RInivj ˆbGni‚i 23. 1958 mvGj ˆK cvwKÕ¦vGb mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi KGib? K ˆRbvGij AvBqye Lvb L KGbÆj Imgvwb M ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ BÕ•v±`vi wgRÆv N ˆRbvGij Bqvwnqv Lvb 24. ˆKvb MYcwil` m`mÅ MYcwil` AwaGekGb evsjvGK ivÓ¡Çfvlv wnGmGe Õ¼xK‡wZ w`GZ `vwe KGib? K ˆkGi evsjv ‰.ˆK. dRjyj nK L eãe®¬y ˆkL gywRe M ˆhvGM±`Êbv^ g´£j N axGi±`Êbv^ `î 25. eÅq wbeÆvGni RbÅ BDwbqb cwil` Ki AvGivc KiGZ cvGi i. Ni evwoi gƒjÅ I Rwgi AvGqi Ici ii. hvbvnGbi Ici iii. nvUevRvi I RjgnGji Ici wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iiiM ii I iiiN i, ii I iii 26. evjvG`Gki msweavb msGkvaGbi RbÅ RvZxq msmG`i ˆgvU m`GmÅi KZ ˆfvGUi cÉGqvRb nq? K ‰K-Z‡Zxqvsk L ‰K-PZz^Ævsk M `yB-Z‡Zxqvsk N `yB-PZz^Ævsk 27. gywÚhyG«¬i bq gvm eãe®¬y ˆkL gywRe ˆKv^vq wQGjb? K XvKvi KvivMvGi L cvwKÕ¦vGbi KvivMvGi M KjKvZvi KvivMvGi N KvjyiNvGU 28. MYZG¯¨i gvbmcyò ejv nq ˆKvb ˆbZvGK? K ˆgvnvÁÃ` Avjx wR®²vn L ˆkGi evsjv M eãe®¬y ˆkL gywRe N ˆnvGmb knx` ˆmvnivIqv`Æx DóxcKwU cGo 29 I 30 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: evsjvG`Gki msweavGb KZàGjv mvsweavwbK cÉwZÓ¤vb m†wÓ¡ Kiv nGqGQ| ‰i gGaÅ ‰KwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ cÉwZÓ¤vb iGqGQ ˆhwU wewm‰m cixÞv gvaÅGg evsjvG`Gki ˆgavex Qvò-QvòxG`i miKvwi KgÆKZÆv wnGmGe wbGqvM cÉ`vb KGi ^vGK| 29. AbyGœQG` DwÍÏwLZ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ cÉwZÓ¤vbwUi bvg Kx? K wbeÆvPb Kwgkb L gnvwnmve wbixÞK M KgÆ-Kwgkb N `ybÆxwZ `gb Kwgkb 30. DÚ cÉwZÓ¤vGbi gƒj KvRàGjv nGjv i. ˆhvMÅZvi wfwîGZ wbGqvM ii. ivÓ¡ÇcwZGK civgkÆ `vb iii. evrmwiK wiGcvUÆ cÉ`vb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii 1 M 2 M 3 K 4 L 5 N 6 K 7 N 8 K 9 N 10 K 11 N 12 L 13 M 14 K 15 K Dîi 16 L 17 M 18 L 19 M 20 M 21 L 22 N 23 M 24 N 25 L 26 M 27 L 28 N 29 M 30 N