Chemistry 1st & 2nd

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191. Zwor †Kv‡li ivmvqwbK wewµqv †Kvb ai‡bi? K wewµqv mvg¨e¯’vq DcbxZ nq

K RviY weRviY L ms‡hvRb L wewµqv †cQ‡bi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡j

M we‡qvRb N mgvYyKiY M wewµqv mvg‡bi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡j

192. Zwor we‡køl‡Yi mgq avZz †Kv_vq B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i? N wewµqvi MwZ‡eM kb~ ¨ n‡j

K A¨v‡bv‡W L K¨v‡_v‡W 202. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kv‡li Zwo”PvjK ej 2 †fvë?

M Zwor we‡køl¨ K ‡jW mÂqK †Kvl L WªvB‡mj

N K¨v‡_vW I A¨v‡bvW Df‡q M wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi N wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi

193. A¨v‡bvW ZworØvi‡K Kx ejv nq? 203. gwiPv †ivaK B¯úv‡Z †KvbwU e¨envi nq bv?

K RviY-ZworØvi L K¨v‡_vW ZworØvi K Kve©bL ‡µvwgqvg

M RviY-weRviY ZworØvi N Zworwe‡køl¨ ZworØvi M wb‡Kj N wR¼

194. `wy U Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq? 204. ‡KvbwU gyL¨ wb‡`©kK ZworØvi?

K jeY ‡mZz L ZviRvwj K KBz bnvB‡Wªvb ZworØvi L nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØvi

M †mj †gg‡eªb N Zworwe‡køl¨ ZworØvi M wmjfvi-wmjfvi †K¬vivBW ZworØvi

195. Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v‡_©i NbgvÎv wb‡`©‡ki †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq? N K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØvi

K() L[] 205. K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØv‡i Zworwe‡køl¨ wn‡m‡e ‡KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

M { } N || || K Hg2Cl2 L KCl
M Cu ¸uov N HgO
196. RvwiZ nIqvi c‡~ e©j Ae¯’vb hw` M¨vm Zij ev Avqb nq Z‡e RviY
ZworØv‡ii c‡~ e© †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq? 206. M¨vjfv‡bvwgUv‡i we‡ÿc kb~ ¨ n‡j-

K Hg L Pt K M¨vjfv‡bvwgUvi APj n‡q c‡o

M Mo N Nb L M¨vjfv‡bvwgUv‡ii Zwor cwienb nq bv

197. cgÖ vY ZworØvi wefe‡K †KvbwU Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq? M M¨vjfv‡bvwgUv‡ii wefe k~b¨ nq

K E L H N M¨vjfv‡bvwgUv‡i wefe abvZ¥K nq

M H0 N Hcell 207. `ªe‡Y avZe Avq‡bi msL¨v e„w× †c‡j Zvi Am‡gvwUK Pvc-
198. cixÿvaxb †gŠ‡ji cÖavb ZworØv‡ii h³y ZworØvi‡K Kx e‡j?
K e„w× cvq L n«vm cvq
K cgÖ vY †idv‡iÝ ZworØvi L †idv‡iÝ ZworØvi
M AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K
M cgÖ vY ZworØvi N K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØvi
N c_Ö ‡g ew„ × cvq c‡i n«vm cvq
199. ‡KvbwU †idv‡iÝ ZworØvi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i?
208. weÁvwb bvb©÷ K‡e Zvi ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib?
K Pt, H2(g)/H+(aq)
L Pt, Fe2+(aq)/Fe3+(aq) K 1889 L 1989

M Hg(Ɩ), Hg2Cl2(s)/Cl– M 1789 N 1879
N Hg(Ɩ), Hg2SO4(s)/SO42–(aq)
200. wbw`©ó cwigvY B‡jKUªb ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ †h cwigvY Zwor ceÖ vwnZ n‡e 209. jeY †mZiz g‡a¨ †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?
Zv Kx‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i?
K KNO3 L NaCl
K ZworØv‡ii wefe cv_©‡K¨i Dci
M MgCl2 N AlCl3
210. Ôbvb‡© ÷i ZË¡ Abhy vqx avZz ev H2 Gi wKQz Ask `ªe‡Y ev ¯^ ¯^ abvZ¥K

Avqb wn‡m‡e P‡j hvIqvi cÖeYZv Kx e‡j?

L Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i cÖK…wZi Dci K `ªeY Pvc L Am‡gvwUK Pvc

M ZworØv‡ii cÖKw… Zi Dci M ev®úxq Pvc N M¨vmxq Pvc

N `ªe‡Yi ZvcgvÎvi Dci 211. avZz‡K ev H2 †K hLb je‡Yi `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ Wzev‡bv nq ZLb Gi Dci
Gi Avqb mwÂZ nIqvi cÖeYZv‡K Kx e‡j?
201. KLb †Kvl wef‡ei gvb k~b¨ nq?

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K ev®úxq Pvc L Am‡gvwUK Pvc 219. jeY †mZz mvaviYZ †Kgb AvKw… Zi nq?

M `ªeY Pvc N M¨vmxq Pvc K U L Dëv U

212. avZiz ZworØvi wef‡ei gvb Zvi `ªeY Pvc I Zvi Avq‡bi Am‡gvwUK M V N Dëv V
Pv‡ci cv_©‡K¨i-
220. jeY †mZz GKwU-

K mgvbL A‡a©K K c‡ivÿ ms‡hvM L cZÖ ¨ÿ ms‡hvM

M ‡_‡K 1 Kg N †_‡K 1 †ewk M cwÖ ZeÜb N B‡jK‡UªvW

213. avZzi `ªeY Pvc Zvi Avq‡bi Am‡gvwUK Pvc A‡cÿv A‡cÿvK…Z Kg 221. ‡KvbwU fzj?
n‡j †KvbwU N‡U?
K Zwor we‡køl‡Y RviY Aa©‡Kv‡l K¨vUvq‡bi AvwaK¨ N‡U

K avZe Avqb `ªæZ ZworØv‡i cwie¨vß nq L jeY †mZz †Kv‡li `ªe‡Yi c‡ivÿ ms‡hvM

L avZz avZe Avqb wn‡m‡e `ªe‡Y c‡Ö ek K‡i M jeb †mZz‡Z KCl, KNO3, Na2SO4 BZ¨vw`i `ªeY e¨envi Kiv
nq
M ZworØvi FYvZ¥K Pv‡R© PvwR©Z nq

N avZz B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i N jeY †mZz †Kv‡li cÖevn eÜ K‡i

214. ZworØvi wefe KZ cÖKvi? 222. Fe+CuSO4 = FeSO4 + Cu G wewµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î Fe2+/Fe I
Cu2+/Cu Gi weRviY wefe h_vµ‡g – 0.44V I +0.34V. MwVZ
K wZb L Pvi †Kv‡li †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?

M cvPu N `yB

215. ‡KvbwU fzj? K ‡Kvl wewµqv ¯^ZtùZ~ © n‡e

K Zwo”PvjK ej n‡jv `ywU ZworØv‡ii wef‡ei †hvMdj L †Kvl wewµqv ¯^Ztù~Z© bq

L B‡jKUªb Z¨v‡Mi d‡j RviY wefe mw„ ó nq M †Kvl wef‡ei gvb FYvZ¥K

M B‡jKUª‡bi MÖn‡Yi d‡j weRviY wefe mw„ ó nq N Wvb ZworØv‡i RviY N‡U

N `ywU ZworØv‡ii wefe cv_©K¨B n‡jv Zwo”PvjK ej 223. 25C ZvcgvÎvq 0.2M Ag+ `ªe‡Yi Ag ZworØvi Wzev‡j ZworØvi
wefe KZ n‡e?
216. ‡Kvb mgxKiYwU‡K mwVK ejv hv‡e bv?

K G = G + RT InK K – 0.8403VL – 0.8404 V

L Ecell = ERight(red) – ELeft(ox) M 0.1013V N – 0.1013 V

M Ecell  Ecell  2.303RT log 224. ‡h ZworØvi e¨envi K‡i ARvbv ZworØv‡ii wefe wbY©q Kiv nq Zv‡K
nF Kx e‡j?

Drcv` Avq‡bi NbgvÎv K K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØvi L KBz bnvB‡Wªvb ZworØvi
wewµqK Avq‡bi NbgvÎv
M wb‡`©kK ZworØvi N cgÖ vY ZworØvi

225. ‡KvbwU K¨v‡jv‡gj?

N Ecell  Ecell  0.592 log K Hg2Cl2 L KCl
2 M Hg N Na–Hg

wewµqK Avq‡bi NbgvÎv 226. Zn/Zn2+(0.15M) || Cu2+(0.1M) | C †Kv‡l wewµqvi d‡j Kx
Drcv` Avq‡bi NbgvÎv cwigvY g³y kw³i cwieZ©b NU‡e| ‡hLv‡b †Kv‡li RviY I weRviY
wefe h_vµ‡g 0.76V I 0.34V|
217. ‡Kv‡li wewµqv KLb ¯^ZtùZ~ © nq?
K E‡Kvl abvZ¥K n‡j L E‡Kvl FYvZ¥K n‡j K –1.10kJ L 0.76 kJ
M E‡Kvl abvZ¥K n‡j N E‡Kvl FYvZ¥K n‡j
M –0.46kJ N –212.3 kJ
218. Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)||Cu2+(aq)/Cu(s) †Kv‡li RviY wef‡ei gvb
h_vµ‡g +0.763V Ges –0.34V| Gi Zwo”PvjK ej KZ? 227. Zn/Zn2+=0.76V| G Zwor Øvi‡K nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØv‡ii mv‡_ h³y
K –1.103V L 1.103V Ki‡j wefe KZ n‡e?
M 0.423V N –0.423V
K –0.76V L –0.34V

M 0.76 V N 1.10 V

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228. 25C ZvcgvÎvq Ni(s)/Ni2+ (0.15M) || Ag+ (0.25M)/Ag(s) N nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØvi
†KvlwUi Zwo”PvjK ej KZ? †hLv‡b, Ni(s)/Ni2+(aq) = 0.25V| 237. DfgyLx ZworØvi‡K KqwU †kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv nq?
Ag+/Ag = 0.799 V|
K 2wU L 3wU
K 1.13V L 2.10V M 4wU N 5wU
238. ‡KvbwU cÖ_g †kÖwYi ZworØvi ej‡j fjz n‡e?
M 1.006 V N –1.10V K Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)
L Cu(s)/Cu2+(aq)
229. Cu/Cu2+ (0.15M)/Ag+ (0.1M)/Ag †Kv‡li Zwo”PvjK ej M Fe(s)/Fe2+(aq)
N Pt, Hg(Ɩ)/Hg2Cl2(s)/KCl(aq)
KZ? †hLv‡b EAg /Ag  0.799V 239. ‡KvbwU avZz I avZe Avqb ZworØvi e¨ZxZ Ab¨ ZworØvi?
K Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)
ECu2 /Cu  0.337V . L Fe(s)/Fe2+(aq)
M Cu(s)/Cu2+
K 1.54V L 0.412V N Ag(s)/AgCl(s)/HCl(aq)
240. ‡KvbwU A¨vgvjMvg ZworØvi ej‡j mwVK n‡e bv?
M 0.427 V N 1.097 V K Hg–Li(s)/Li2+(aq)
L Hg–Na(s)/Na+(aq)
230. M¨vjfvwbK †Kv‡l abvZ¥K ZworØvi- M Hg(Ɩ)/Hg2Cl2(s)/KCl(aq)
N Hg–K(s)/K+(aq)
K A¨v‡bvW bv‡g cwiwPZ 241. ‡KvbwU e¨wZµg?
K Ag(s)/AgCl(s)/HCl(aq)
L K¨v‡_vW wn‡m‡e e¨envi nq L Pt, Hg(Ɩ)/Hg2Cl2/KCl(aq)
M Pt, H2(g)/HCl(aq)/H2(g) Pt
M A¨vbvqb‡K AvKl©Y K‡i N Al(s)/AlCl3(s)/HCl
242. Pt, Fe2+(aq)/Fe3+(aq) ZworØviwUi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU wg_¨v?
N B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i RvwiZ nq K ZworØv‡i RviY N‡U‡Q
L ZworØviwUi wewµqv Dfq w`K NU‡Z cv‡i
231. wb‡Pi †KvbwU abvZ¥K I FYvZ¥K Avqb m„wói gva¨‡g m¤úbœ n‡Z M wbw®Œq avZz ˆe`y¨wZK ms‡hvM m„wó K‡i
cv‡i? N wecixZ w`‡K AMÖmi n‡Z cv‡i bv
243. KBz bnvB‡Wªvb ZworØv‡i-
K Zwor cwienb L Av‡jvi we”QziY K RviY-weRvi‡Y N‡U L wØcÖwZ¯’vcb N‡U
M cvwb †hvRb N‡U N ckÖ gb N‡U
M kã Zi½ cwienb N Av‡jvi wewKiY 244. KBz ‡bv‡bi MvVwbK ms‡KZ †KvbwU?

232. Zwor we‡køl‡Yi mgq Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i g‡a¨ Wez v‡bv avZe `Û mg~n‡K O OH
Kx e‡j?
KL
K jeY †mZz L ZworØvi
O OH
M e¨vUvix N K¨v‡_vW

233. ‡KvbwU fjz ?

K K¨v‡_vW w`‡q B‡jKUªb `ªe‡Y cÖ‡ek K‡i

L K¨v‡_vW e¨vUvwii FYvZ¥K cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K

M A¨v‡bvW e¨vUvwii FYvZ¥K cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K

N A¨v‡bvW Øviv B‡jKUªb `ªeY †Q‡o P‡j hvq

234. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØv‡i B‡jK‡UªvW wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K Au L Pt

M Ag N Mo

235. Zwor wefe wbY©q Ki‡Z †Kv‡l †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K A¨vwgUvi L †fvëwgUvi

M †MvjvwiwgUvi N g‡bvwgUvi

236. ‡KvbwU‡K DfqgLy x ZworØvi ej‡j fzj n‡e?

K avZz avZe Avqb ZworØvi

L A¨vgvjMvg ZworØvi

M K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØvi

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O-----H O OH N Kg mwµq avZzi Am‡gvwUK Pvc Kg

MN 252. `ªeY Pvc Am‡gvwUK Pvc A‡cÿv eo n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K avZz avZe Avqb wn‡m‡e `ªe‡Y `ªexfZ~ nq

O-----H O O L avZe cvZ K¨v‡_vW wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i

245. ‡KvbwU †_‡K `ªe‡Y mg‡gvjvi KBz ‡bvb I nvB‡WªvKzB‡bvb cvIqv hvq? M avZe Avqb avZe cv‡Zi Mv‡q Rgv nq

K KzBbnvB‡WªvbL c¨v‡iv‡K¬v‡iv nvB‡Wªvb N avZe cvZ w`‡q B‡jKUªb `ªe‡Y †Q‡o hvq

M WvB †K¬v‡iv nvB‡Wªvb N WvB KzB‡bvb 253. wR¼ mvj‡dU (ZnSO4) eY©nxb †Kb?

246. KzBb nvB‡Wªvb B‡jK‡Uªv‡Wi Zwo”PvjK ej KZ? K Zn MÖæc IIB G Aew¯’Z e‡j

K 3.10V L 2.10 V L Zn Ae¯’všÍi †gŠj e‡j

M 0.28 V N 0.76 V M RviYgvb w¯’i e‡j

247. ‡KvbwU cÖgvY nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØv‡ii pH wbY©‡qi e¨envi nq? N dvKu v 4 AiweUvj †bB e‡j

K pH  Ecell  0.2415 254. jeY †mZzi Rb¨ †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv?
0.0591
K LiCl L KCl

L pH  Ecell M KNO2 N NH4NO3
0.059
255. Zwor †Kv‡l ivmvqwbK kw³ †_‡K we`y¨r Drcbœ Kivi mgq wewµqv
M pH  ESCE  EG  Ecell N‡U?
0.0591
K RviY L weRviY

N pH  0.4581  Ecell M ms‡hvRb N †iW·
0.0591
256. Zwor we‡kølYKv‡j ‡KvbwU N‡U?
248. ‡KvbwU avZz I avZe Avqb ZworØvi?
K A¨v‡bvW ÿq cÖvß nq

K Pt, Fe2+(aq)/Fe3+(aq) L K¨v‡_vW ÿqcvÖ šÍ nq

L Pt, Ag(s)/AgCl(s)/HCl M A¨vbvqb K¨v‡_v‡W B‡jKUªb †Q‡o †`q
M Pt, Hg(Ɩ)/Hg2Cl2(s)/KCl(aq)
N Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq) N A¨v‡bvW B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i
249. ‡KvbwU wg_¨v?
257. W¨vwb‡qj †Kv‡l A¨v‡bvW wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K Zn L Cu

K `ªeY Pvc  Am‡gvwUK Pvc = RviY ZworØvi M Ag N Hg

L `ªeY Pvc  Am‡gvwUK Pvc = RviY ZworØvi 258. ‡jKj¨vÝ †m‡j MnO2 †Kb e¨envi Kiv nq?

M `ªeY Pvc  Am‡gvwUK Pvc = weRviY ZworØvi K A¨v‡bvW wn‡m‡e L B‡jK‡UªvjvBU wn‡m‡e

N Zwo”PvjK ej = RviY wefe + weRviY wefe M B‡jK‡UªvjvB‡Ui ZijZv e„wׇZ

250. ZworØvi MV‡bi mgq jNy H2SO4 e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb? N †Kv‡li †cvjvqb wµqv `~i Ki‡Z
K jNy Gwm‡Wi RviY ag© †ewk
259. B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK †Kvl GKwU-

L jNy Gwm‡Wi RviY ag© Kg e‡j K wØcÖ‡Kvô †Kvl L GK cÖ‡Kvô †Kvl

M jNy Gwm‡W AwaK cwigvY Avqb _v‡K M ¯^Ztù~©Z wewµqv N B‡jKUªwbK †Kvl

N jNy GwmW avZiz je‡Yi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i bv e‡j 260. B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK ‡Kv‡li †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU fjz ?

251. ‡KvbwU mwVK? K Zwor kw³ ivmvqwbK kw³‡Z cwiYZ nq

K AwaK mwµq avZiz `ªeY Pvc †ewk L Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v‡_©i ˆewk‡ó¨i cwieZ©b N‡U

L Kg mwµq avZiz `ªeY Pvc †ewk M A¨v‡bvW FYvZ¥K Ges K¨v‡_vW abvZ¥K

M AwaK mwµq avZz K¨v‡_vW wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq N B‡jKUª‡bi cÖev‡ni wecixZ w`‡K Zwor cÖevwnZ nq

261. B‡jK‡UªvjvBUK ‡Kv‡li A¨v‡bv‡W †KvbwU NUv Am¤¢e? |

K Cl– – e–  Cl L Na  Na+ + e L Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i Dci
M ZworØv‡ii cÖKw… Zi Dci
M Zn  Zn2+ + 2e– N Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s) N Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i NbgvÎvi Dci
271. W¨vwb‡qj †m‡ji wefe cv_©K¨ KZ?
262. ZworØvi A¨v‡bvW bv K¨v‡_vW Zv †KvbwUi Dci wbf©i K‡i? K 1.1 V L 2.1V
M 3.1 V N 1.17 V
K Zwor we‡kø‡l¨i cÖKw… Zi Dci 272. M¨vjfvwbK †m‡j e¨eüZ cv‡Îi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU wg_¨v?
K ZnSO4 `ªeY _v‡K
L A¨v‡bv‡Wi cÖK…wZi Dci L B‡jKUªb PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i
M Avqb PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv
M K¨v‡_v‡Wi cÖKw… Zi Dci N Avqb PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i
273. Zwor we‡kølY †Kv‡l-
N Aa©wewµqvi cÖKw… Zi Dci K Avqb cÖev‡ni wecixZ w`‡K Zwor cÖevwnZ nq
L A¨v‡bvW abvZ¥K Avavb hy³
263. ‡KvbwU‡K Zworwe‡køl¨ †Kvl e¨envi Kiv nq? M ivmvqwbK kw³ Zwor kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq
N K¨v‡_vW abvZ¥K hy³
K UP© jvBU 274. M¨vjfvwbK †Kv‡l-
K A¨v‡bvW I K¨v‡_vW wbw`©ó
L CD †cqø v‡i R¡vjv‡bv L A¨v‡bvW abvZ¥K Avavbhy³
M B‡jKUª‡bi cÖev‡ni wecixZ w`‡K Zwor cÖevwnZ nq
M B‡j‡±ªv‡cøwUs N Zwor kw³‡K ivmvqwbK kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq
275. M¨vjfvwbK †Kv‡l-
N wewfbœ B‡jKUªwbK †Ljbv Pvjv‡bv K Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v_© _v‡K bv
L Zwo”PvjK e‡ji gvb ZworØv‡ii ivmvqwbK cwieZ©‡bi gvÎvi
264. B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK Ki‡Z †Kvb avZzi cÖ‡jc e¨envi Kiv nq? Dci wbf©i K‡i bv
M ¯^Ztù~Z© RviY-weRviY N‡U bv
K Zn L Cu N A¨v‡bv‡W RviY Ges K¨v‡_v‡W weRviY N‡U
276. ‡KvbwU wfbœ cÖKw… Zi?
M Ag N Fe K WªvB‡mj L †jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi
M wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi N wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi
265. weø÷vi Kcv‡i KZ kZvsk Kcvi _v‡K? 277. ‡KvbwU‡Z evB‡i †_‡K ivmvqwbK kw³ mwÂZ Kiv nq?
K ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi L M¨vjfvwbK †Kvl
K 98-99.5% L 96-98% M WªvB‡mj N Zwor we‡kølY †Kvl
278. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z †KvbwU A¨v‡bvW wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq?
M 91-96% N 95-96% K ‡jW Avqb L †jW avZz
M wj_v©R N †jW mvj‡dU
266. B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK †Kv‡l Kxfv‡e kw³ Drcbœ nq? 279. ‡KvbwU‡K wj_v©R e‡j?
K PbSO4 L Pb
K ¯^Ztù~Z© †iW· wewµqv

L A¯^ZtùZ~ © †iW· wewµqv

M wbDwK¬qvi wewµqv

N ¯^ZtùZ~ © RviY wewµqv

267. ﮋ †Kv‡l Kx ai‡bi B‡jK‡UªvjvBU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K Zij L M¨vmxq

M †c÷ N KwVb

268. M¨vjfvwbK †Kv‡li †ÿ‡Î ‡KvbwU wg_¨v?

K ¯^ZtùZ~ © RviY-weRviY N‡U

L ivmvqwbK kw³ Zwor kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq

M wm‡÷g cwi‡e‡ki Dci wµqv K‡i

N A¨v‡bvW abvZ¥K Ges K¨v‡_vW FYvZ¥K PvR©h³y

269. ‡KvbwU‡Z B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK †mj e¨envi Kiv nq?

K UP©jvBU L CD †cqø vi

M wewfbœ ˆe`y¨wZK hš¿ N avZz wb®‹vkb

270. W¨vwb‡qj †Kv‡li Zwo”PvjK ej †KvbwUi Dci wbf©i K‡i?

K ZworØv‡ii ivmvqwbK cwieZ©‡bi Dci

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M PbO2 N PbCl2 M Pb2+ Avqb HSO4 Gi mv‡_ wewµqvq A`ªeYxq PbSO4 Drcbœ
280. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z H2SO4 Gi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ KZ? K‡i

K 2.15 L 1.15 N K¨v‡_v‡W PbO2 Gi Rvi‡Y Pb2+ Avqb Drcbœ nq
289. weÁvbx cøv›U KZ mv‡j †jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?
M 0.115 N 1.95

281. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii PvwR©Z Ae¯’v †KvbwU? K 1834 mv‡j L 1833 mv‡j

K Pb(s)/H2SO4 hv PbSO4 Øviv m¤ú„³ | PbO2(s) Pb(s) M 1859 mv‡j N 1869 mv‡j

L Pb(s)/PbSO4 hv H2SO4 Øviv m¤ú„³ | PbO2(s) Pb(s) 290. wjw_qv‡gi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?

M Pb(s).PbO2(s) | Pb(s)/PbSO4 hv H2SO4 Øviv m¤ú„³ K cvwb‡Z fvm‡Z cv‡i bv L fvix avZz

N Pb(s).PbO2(s) | Pb(s)/H2SO4 hv PbSO4 Øviv m¤ú³„ M AZ¨šÍ mwµq avZz N Amwµq avZz
282. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z †KvbwU Zworwe‡køl¨ wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq?
291. wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi Kq ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K?

K PbSO4 L PbO2 K `By L wZb
M H2SO4 N PbCl2
283. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii Zwo”PvjK ej KZ? M Pvi N cvuP

292. wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi‡Z KZ ch©šÍ wefe cv_©K¨ mw„ ó n‡Z cv‡i?

K 1.10 V L 2.10 V K 0.1-0.2 V L 1.0-3.0 V

M 1.15 V N 2.03 V M 1.5-3.0 V N 2.0-3.0 V

284. e¨vUvwi‡K Pv‡R©i mgq wb‡Pi †Kvb wewµqvwU N‡U? 293. ‡KvbwU wiPv‡R©i cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv?

K Pb + PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2SO4  2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O K wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi L wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi
L PbSO4(s) + 2H2O  Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2SO42–
M PbO2 + H2SO4  PbSO4(s) + H2O M ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi N gviKvwi e¨vUvwi
N 2H2SO4 4H+ + 2SO2–
285. GKwU Mvwo‡Z 2V †fv‡ëi 6wU †Kvl mgvšÍivj mw¾Z K‡i ivLv 294. wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU K¨v‡_vW wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq
n‡q‡Q| e¨vUvwi‡Z †gvU KZ †fvë Zwo”PvjK ej Drcbœ nq? bv?

K 2 †fvë L 3 ‡fvë K LiCoO2 L LiMn2O4
M LiNiO2 N LiClO4
295. ‡KvbwU mvjwdDwiK Gwm‡Wi NbgvÎv cwigv‡Y e¨envi Kiv nq?

M 6 †fvë N 12 †fvë K e¨v‡ivwgUvi L nvB‡WªvwgUvi

286. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z e¨eüZ H2SO4 Gwm‡Wi NbgvÎv KZ _v‡K? M _v‡gv©wgUvi N †cvjvwiwgUvi

K 2M L 1M 296. wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi‡Z 6.94 g wjw_qvg †_‡K KZ d¨viv‡W we`¨y r Drcbœ
nq?
M 0.5M N 4.5 M

287. wWmPv‡R©i mgq A¨v‡bvW I K¨v‡_vW Dfq wewµqvq HSO4 Ask K 0.5 F L 1 F
MÖnY K‡i †Kb?
M 0.1 F N 10 F

K H2SO4 kw³kvjx GwmW e‡j 297. ‡KvbwU K¨vjKz‡jU‡i e¨envi Kiv nq?

L H2SO4 †cvÖ Ub Z¨vM K‡i e‡j K ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi L wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi

M HSO4 GwmW wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i e‡j M wjw_qvg †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi N wjw_qvg RST e¨vUvwi
N HSO4 ÿviK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i e‡j
288. ‡jW †÷v‡i‡Ri †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU fzj? 298. nvU© †cP‡gKviiƒ‡c †KvbwU e¨eüZ nq?

K wjw_qvg SVO e¨vUvwi L wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi

K ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z Dfq Aa©‡Kv‡l Pb2+ Drcbœ nq M †jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi N wjw_qvg RST e¨vUvwi

L A¨v‡bvW Pb Gi Rvi‡Y Pb2+ Avqb Drcbœ nq 299. wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi Zworwe‡køl¨ wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq
bv?

K WvBwg_vBj Kve©‡bU L B_vBj wg_vBj Kve©‡bU

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M wjw_qvg Avqib dm‡dU N wjw_qvg cvi‡K¬v‡iU 310. wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi †_‡K †Kvb M¨vm wbM©Z nq?

300. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi‡Z Zwor cÖevn cvIqv hvq bv KLb? K O2 L H2

K mg¯Í Pb Ges PbO2, PbSO4 †Z iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡j M N2 N CO2

L mvjwdDwiK Gwm‡Wi NbgvÎv †e‡o †M‡j 311. ‡KvbwU Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e ¯’vqx?

M PbSO4 e¨vUvwii Zjvq Rgv n‡j K wb‡Kj e¨vUvwi L †jW e¨vUvwi

N e¨vUvwii emf Gi gvb 2V Gi Kg n‡j M wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi N gviKvwi e¨vUvwi

301. ‡jW ‡÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi wiPvR© Kivi mgq- 312. wjw_qvg Avqb e¨vUvwi‡Z †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K PbO2 †cøU we`¨y r Dr‡mi FYvZ¥K cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv nq K LiNiO2 L LixC6
M Ag2V4O11 N LiClO4
L Aa©‡Kvl wewµqv D‡ëvfv‡e msNwUZ nq 313. d‡z qj †mj cÖ_g Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †Kvb weÁvbx?

M Pb †cøU‡K FYvZ¥K cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ mshy³ Kiv nq

N PbO2 I Pb, PbSO4– †Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq K m¨vi DBwjqvg ievU© L m¨vi ievU©mb
302. hLb †Kvl Zwor Drcbœ K‡i ZLb Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
M m¨vi n¨vÛvimb N m¨vi gvB‡Kj nvU©

K PvwR© L wWmPvwR© 314. d‡z qj †mj KZ cÖKvi?

M evwjKs N wewìs K 2 cÖKvi L 3 cÖKvi

303. ‡Kv‡li `ÿZv n‡jv- M 4 cÖKvi N 5 cÖKvi

K PvwR©s nIqvi nvi 315. ‡KvbwU‡K mivmwi dz‡qj †m‡ji Rv¡ jvwb wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq?

L wWmPvwR© nIqvi nvi K wg_vbj L wg‡_b

M Pv‡R©i mgqKvj- wWmPv‡R©i mgqKvj M ‡cÖv‡cb N weD‡Ub

N Pv‡R©i mgqKv‡j Mo †fv‡ëR mv‡c‡ÿ wWmPvwR© nIqvKvjxb Mo 316. ‡KvbwU ms‡køl M¨vm?
†fv‡ëR
K (CO+3H2) L (H2+CO2)
304. ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii Af¨šÍixY †iva KZ? M (N2+CO) N (N2+CO2)
317. d‡z qj †m‡j ‡KvbwU Zworwe‡køl¨ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq?
K cvÖ q 0.01 ohm L cvÖ q 0.1 ohm

M cvÖ q 1.0 ohm N cvÖ q 0.001 ohm K Rjxq KOH L Rjxq NaCl

305. ‡KvbwU Zjz bvgj~ Kfv‡e nvjKv? M Rjxq Mg(OH)2 N ZnSO4 `ªeY
318. DMFC G e¨eüZ d‡z qj †m‡ji †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU wg_¨v?
K ‡jW e¨vUvwi L wb‡Kj e¨vUvwi

M wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi N gviKvwi e¨vUvwi K dz‡qj mnR jf¨

306. Now‡Z e¨eüZ e¨vUvwii Af¨šÍixY †iva KZ? L wbivc`

K cvÖ q 100 ohm L cvÖ q 200 ohm M msiÿ‡Y AwaKZi mwy eavRbK

M cvÖ q 10 ohm N cvÖ q 50 ohm N wb¤œ GbvwR© NbZ¡

307. AvUwU 1.5 V ﮋ †Kv‡li mgZzj¨ †jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii wefe KZ? 319. dz‡qj †m‡j cÖfveK wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

K8V L 1.5 V K MÖvdvBU Kve©b L Avqib

M 12 V N 6 V M gwje‡Wbvg N cvø wUbvg

308. ‡KvbwUi PvR© †j‡fj mn‡RB Rvbv hvq? 320. d‡z qj †m‡j †KvbwU weRviK wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq?

K A¨vjKvjvBb e¨vUvwi L wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi K KOH L H2

M K¨vWwgqvg e¨vUvwi N †jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwi M O2 N H2O

309. mvaviYZ ‡jW †÷v‡iR e¨vUvwii IRb KZ? 321. dz‡qj †m‡j †KvbwU DcRvZ wn‡m‡e Drcbœ nq?

K 20-30 cvDÛ L 30-50 cvDÛ K H2O L CH2OH
M KOH N CH3CH2CH3
M 30-60 cvDÛ N 40-60 cvDÛ

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322. d‡z qj †m‡j wbiew”Qbœ we`¨y r Drcv`b †KvbwUi Dci wbf©i K‡i? N nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj
K dz‡q‡ji mieiv‡ni Dci
L A¨v‡bv‡Wi cÖK…wZi Dci 331. A¨vjKvBb d‡z qj †m‡ji `ÿZv KZ?
M K¨v‡_v‡Wi cÖKw… Zi Dci
N cfÖ veK e¨env‡ii Dci K 40% L 55%

323. d‡z qj †m‡ji ZvcgvÎv ¸Yv¼ abvZ¥K n‡j †Kv‡li `ÿZv KZ nq? M 60% N 90%
K 100% L 90%
M 100% Gi KvQvKvwQ N 100% Gi AwaK 332. WvB‡i± wg_vbj dz‡qj †m‡ji `ÿZv KZ?

324. d‡z qj †m‡j e¨eüZ B‡jK‡UªvjvB‡Ui †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨? K 20-30% L 50-60%
K D”P AvqwbK cwievnx L D”P ¯’vwqZ¡
M AcwieZ©bkxj mshyw³ N mn‡R ÿqcvÖ šÍ n‡e M 45-50% N 60-80%

325. m¨vi DBwjqvg iev©U KZ mv‡j dz‡qj †mj Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? 333. cwien‡b ‡cÖvUb G·‡PÄ †gg‡eªb dz‡qj †m‡ji `ÿZv KZ?
K 1839 mv‡j L 1835 mv‡j
M 1832 mv‡j N 1938 mv‡j K 60% L 55%

326. d‡z qj j‡K ZvcgvÎvi cwimi Abhy vqx KZ fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q? M 30% N 60%
K Pvi fv‡M L wZb fv‡M
M cvPu fv‡M N `yB fv‡M 334. 45-50% `ÿZvi d‡z qj †mj †KvbwU?

327. 25-100C ZvcgvÎv cwim‡i †Kvb †Kvb dz‡qj †mj e¨envi Kiv K g‡ëb Kve©‡bU dz‡qj †mj
nq?
K cvÖ K…wZK M¨vm Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj L WvB‡i± Kve©b dz‡qj †mj
L A¨vj‡Kvnj Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj
M ev®úxq `kvq M¨v‡mvwj-Aw·‡Rb M WvB‡i± wg_vbj dz‡qj †mj
N nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj
N widigW wg_vbj dz‡qj †mj
328. 100–500C ZvcgvÎv cwim‡i †Kvb d‡z qj †mj e¨eüZ nq?
K cvÖ K…wZK M¨vm-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj 335. A¨vjKvwj dz‡qj †m‡j A¨v‡bvW wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?
L M¨vmxq nvB‡WªvKve©b Kve©b g‡bv·vBW d‡z qj †mj
M wg_vbj Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj K PtL Zn
N weD‡Ub Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj
M Ca N Al
329. (500-1000)C cwim‡i †Kvb d‡z qj †mj fv‡jv KvR K‡i?
K wg_vbj Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj 336. A¨vjKvwj d‡z qj †m‡j dz‡qj wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi nq?
L cvÖ Kw… ZK M¨vm Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj
M nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj K KOH L CH3OH
N nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj M nvB‡Wªv‡Rb N Kve©b WvBA·vBW

330. wb‡Pi †KvbwU (1000-2000)C cwim‡ii evB‡i e¨eüZ nq? 337. A¨vjKvwj d‡z qj †m‡j Zworwe‡køl¨ †KvbwU?
K A¨vj‡Kvnj-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj
L M¨v‡mvwjb-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj K Na2CO2 L MgCO3
M weD‡Ub-Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj M H3PO4 N KOH
338. g‡ëb Kve©‡bU d‡z qj †m‡j †KvbwU B‡jK‡UªvW wn‡m‡e e¨envi nq?

K PtL Ni

M Zn N Cu

339. d‡z qj †m‡ji K¨v‡_vW-

K abvZ¥K cÖvšÍ L FYvZ¥K cÖvšÍ

M A¨v‡bv‡Wi mv‡_ mivmwi hy³ _v‡K

N B‡jKUªb Drcbœ K‡i

340. d‡z qj †m‡j-

K A¨v‡bvW abvZ¥K I K¨v‡_vW FYvZ¥K

L Zwor kw³ ivmvqwbK kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq

M A¨v‡bvW I K¨v‡_vW mivmwwi h³y _v‡K

N e¨eüZ Zij n‡”Q KwVb, Zij I M¨v‡mi wgkÖY

341. Avwe®‹…Z d‡z qj †mj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cÖ_g †mj †KvbwU?

K nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †mj

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L cvÖ Kw… ZK M¨vm-Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj N 12H++12OH–  12H2O
351. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †m‡j cÖfveK wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi nq?
M M¨vmxq nvB‡WªvKve©b-Kve©b g‡bv·vBW dz‡qj †mj

N weD‡Ub-Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †mj K PtL Ni

342. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †m‡ji abvZ¥K ZworØvi ˆZwi Kiv nq M Fe N Mo
†KvbwUi mvnv‡h¨?
352. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb d‡z qj †m‡ji Zwo”PvjK ej KZ?

K wR¼ L MÖvdvBU K 2.10 V L 1.10 V

M Kcvi N wmjfvi M 1.23 V N 1.392 V

343. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb d‡z qj †m‡ji abvZ¥K ZworØvi MÖvdvB‡Ui Dci 353. cvi‡d¬v‡iv Bw_wjb Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU?
†KvbwUi Av¯ÍiY _v‡K?
K (F2C  CF2 )n L (FCH CHF)n
K wb‡Kj L Kcvi
M (CHF  CHF)n N CHF3 – CHF2
M wR¼ N wUb 354. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb d‡z qj me©cÖ_g †Kv_vq e¨eüZ nq?

344. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †m‡j FYvZ¥K ZworØv‡i KZ Pv‡c H2 K ÷K b‡fvhv‡b L G‡cv‡jv b‡fvhv‡b
M¨vm‡K Pvjbv Kiv nq?

K 60 atm L 50 atm M Av‡gwiKvi †g‡Uªv †Uª‡b N ivwkqvi gvb gw›`‡i

M 30 atm N 70 atm 355. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb dz‡qj †m‡j †KvbwU DcRvZ wn‡m‡e Drcbœ nq?

345. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Aw·‡Rb dz‡qj †m‡ji `ÿZv KZ? K H2 L H2O

K 98% L 60% M O2 N H3O+

M 100% N 55% 356. Rvcv‡bv †UvwKI B‡jKwUªK cvIqvi †Kv¤úvwb KZ †gMvIqvU d‡z qj

346. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb-Aw·‡Rb d‡y qj †mj‡K KZ N›Uv hver mvaviYZ e¨envi †mj cvIqvi cø¨v›U Kvh©Ki K‡i‡Q?
Kiv hvq?
K 15 †gMvIqvU L 12 †gMvIqvU

K 1000 N›Uv L 100 N›Uv M 11 †gMvIqvU N 13 †gMvIqvU

M 500 N›Uv N 50 N›Uv 357. KqjvwfwËK we`¨y r Drcv`b †K‡›`ª Kx cwigvY e¨envi‡hvM¨ kw³
cvIqv hvq?
347. dmdwiK GwmW dz‡qj †m‡j Zworwe‡køl¨ wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv
nq? K 75% L 25%

K CaO L ZrO2 M 40% N 60%

M KOH N H3PO4 358. mvaviY Bwćbi `ÿZv m‡ev©”P KZ?

348. d‡z qj wn‡m‡e CaO e¨envi Kiv nq †KvbwU‡Z? K 40% L 25%

K ‡cÖvUb G·‡PÄ †gg‡eªb d‡z qj †mj M 60% N 98%

L mwjW A·vBW dz‡qj †mj 359. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ‡m‡j d‡z q‡ji Drm Kx?

M A¨vjKvwj d‡z qj †mj K evqy L nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨vm

N g‡ëb Kve©‡bU d‡z qj †mj M cvwb N Aw·‡Rb

349. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb d‡z qj †m‡j A¨v‡bv‡Wi ms¯ú‡k© G‡m †KvbwU Drcbœ 360. ‡c‡Uªvj Bwćbi `ÿZv KZ?
K‡i?
K 25% L 20%

K nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Avqb L B‡jKUªb M 80% N 40%

M Aw·‡Rb Avqb N cvwb 361. pH wgUv‡i wefe cv_©K¨ gvcvi Rb¨ †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq?

350. wb‡Pi †Kvb wewµqvwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †m‡j K¨v‡_v‡W N‡U? K ‡fvëwgUvi L A¨vwgUvi

K 2H2  4H++2e M ev‡qvwgUvi N †cvjvwiwgUvi
L O2+4H+2H2O
M 2CO2+O2+4e2CO32– 362. Møvm B‡jK‡UªvW MV‡b †KvbwU Ae¨eüZ _v‡K?

K SiO2 L Na2O

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M CaO N MgO L RviY wefe  1  1
weRviY wefe
363. Møvm B‡jK‡Uªv‡W SiO2 Kx cwigvY _v‡K?

K 72% L 22% M RviY wefe = – weRviY wefe

M 6% N 20% N weRviY wefe = RviY wefe

364. Møvm B‡jK‡Uªv‡W wb‡Pi †KvbwU 6% e¨envi Kiv nq? 373. 1.0 ‡gŠj Al3+ †_‡K Al Drcv`‡b Kx cwigvY ZworPvR© cÖ‡qvRb?

K SiO2 L MgO K 1.0 F L 2.0 F

M Na2O N CaO M 3.0 F N 1.5 F

365. Møvm †gg‡eªb w`‡q †KvbwU Cö‡ek K‡i? 374. 1.0 †gvj cvwbi Zwor we‡kølY Øviv O2 Drcv`b Ki‡Z A¤øvwqZ
cvwb‡Z Kx cwigvY ZworPvR© cÖevwnZ Ki‡Z nq?
K H+ L Na+

M O2– N S2– K 1.0 F L 2.0 F

366. B‡jK‡UªvW mó„ wefe †KvbwUi Dci wbf©ikxj? M 1.5 F N 0.5 F

K `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv L B‡jK‡Uªv‡Wi cÖK…wZ 375. B‡jKUªbxq Zwor cwievnx †KvbwU?

M ZvcgvÎv N Pvc K FeSO4 `ªeY L NaCl (MwjZ)

367. NH4+ Avqb wb‡Pi †Kvb bgby vq cvIqv hvq? M Cu N Fe

K mvgwy `ªK cvwb L i³ 376. B‡jK‡UªvjvBwUK Zwor cwievnx †KvbwU?

M km¨ N `ay K FeSO4(aq) L Fe

368. fc~ „‡ôi cvwb‡Z wb‡Pi Avqb _v‡K? M Cu N NaCl (MwjZ)

K HCO3 L F– 377. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU Zxeª Zwor we‡køl¨?

 K NaCl (MwjZ) L NH4OH
3
M NO N K+ M CH3COOH N HCl (Rjxq)
378. g`„ y Zworwe‡køl¨ wPwýZ Ki-
369. i‡³i wmiv‡g †KvbwU Dcw¯’Z?

K H+ L K+ K H2S L HCl

M I– N F– M Na2SO4 N CH3COOH

370. pH gvb wbY©‡qi †ÿ‡Î mvaviY cÖPwjZ c×wZ¸‡jv‡K KqwU †kÖwY‡Z 379. 1.0F Zwor PvR© ceÖ vwnZ Ki‡j Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v_© †_‡K w؇hvRx
fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q?
†gŠ‡ji KZwU cigvYy ZworØv‡i mwÂZ nq?

K `By L wZb K 6.0231023 L 3.01151023

M Pvi N cvPu M 10.0461023 N 1.20461024

371. ‡KvbwU wg_¨v? 380. Zworwe‡køl¨ bq †KvbwU?

K pH  E ‡&Kvl  0.3358 K cvwb L CuSO4
0.05915
M Na N H2SO4

L pH  E ‡&Kvl  Eref 381. 30s mg‡qi Rb¨ 5.0A Kv‡i›U cÖevwnZ Ki‡j Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v‡_©i
0.05915
g‡a¨ Zwor PvR© KZ?

M EH  2.303RT log[H ] K 6.0 Kzj¤^ L 150 Kjz ¤^
F
M 95.52 Kzj¤^ N 85 Kjz ¤^

N E‡Kvl = Eref – EH 382. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU ev †Kvb †KvbwU RviY wm‡÷g?
372. RviY I weRviY wef‡ei m¤úK© Kxiƒc?
K Zn/Zn2+ L Cu2+/Cu

K RviY wefe  weRviY wefe = 1 M 2Cl–/Cl2 N Cl2/2Cl–

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383. Pt, H2/H+(E=0.0 V) Gi m‡½ A¨v‡bvW wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq 391. ECu /Cu2  0.34 V Ges EFe/Fe2  0.44 V n‡j wb‡¤œi
†KvbwU?
K Zn2+/Zn E = – 0.76 V †KvbwU mwVK?
L Ag+/Ag E = 0.80V
M Cu2+/Cu E = +34 V K Zvgvi cv‡Î FeSO4 `ªeY ivLv hvq
N Fe2+/Fe E = – 0.44 V
L Zvgvi cv‡Î FeSO4 `ªeY enb Kiv hvq bv
384. Zn/Zn2+ (E = – 0.76V) Gi m‡½ wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K K¨v‡_vW
wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq? M †jŠn cv‡Î Zu‡z Zi `ªeY enb Kiv hvq
K Mg/Mg2+ E = – 2.37 V
L Fe/Fe2+ E = +0.44 V N †jŠn cv‡Î Zu‡z Zi `ªeY enb Kiv hvq bv
M Na/Na+ E = +2.71 V
M Pt, H2(g)/H+(aq) E = 0 V 392. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU g„`y Zworwe‡køl¨?

385. Mvwo‡Z e¨eüZ †jW mÂqK †Kv‡l gv‡S gv‡S cvwb †`qv nq †Kb? K A¨vj‡Kvnj L Lv`¨ je‡Yi Rjxq `ªeY
K ‡mj kxZ ivLvi Rb¨
L gqjv cwi®‹vi Kivi Rb¨ M Lv`¨ wPwbi Rjxq `ªeY N A¨v‡gvwbqvg Rjxq `ªeY
M H2SO4 Gi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ mwVK ivLvi Rb¨
N `ªe‡Yi pH mwVK ivLvi Rb¨ 393. Lv`¨ je‡Yi Rjxq `ªeY‡K Zwor we‡kølY Ki‡j A¨v‡bv‡W GKwU
eYn© xb M¨vm weg³y nq| M¨vmwU Kx?
386. wKQzw`b e¨envi Ki‡j WªvB‡mj e¨vUvwi †_‡K GK ai‡bi Zij c`v_©
†ewi‡q Av‡m †Kb? K nvB‡Wªv‡Rb L w÷g
K evq‡y Z Gi cvÎ ÿq nq e‡j
L e¨vUvwii A¨v‡bvW RvwiZ nq e‡j M Aw·‡Rb N †K¬vwib
M †fZ‡i ‡Kvb GwmW Drcbœ n‡q †mj cvÎ ÿq nq e‡j
N e¨vUvwii `¯Ívi cvÎwU Ley nvjKv e‡j 394. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU GKwU Zwrwe‡køl¨ c`v_©?

387. ‡jW mÂqK †Kvb †KvbwU? K GKwU GwmW ev ÿvi L GKwU Rjxq `ªeY
K Pb/Pb2+ || Cu2+/Cu
L Pb/PbSO4(s)/H2SO4 (Rjxq)/PbO2(s)/Pb M GKwU Zij
M Zn/Zn2+ || Pb2+/Pb
N Pb/Pb2+ || H+/H2,Pt N GKwU KwVb c`v‡_©i MwjZ iƒc

388. gyL¨ wb‡`©kK ZworØvi wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq †KvbwU? 395. A¨vbvqb MwVZ nq, hLb-
K cgÖ vY nvB‡Wªv‡Rb ZworØvi L K¨v‡jv‡gj ZworØvi
M Møvm ZworØviN K¨vWwgqvg ZworØvi K avZzi cigvYy B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i

389. ‡h ZworØvi G RviY N‡U Zv‡K ejv nq- L avZzi cigvYy B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i
K K¨v‡_vW L A¨v‡bvW
M Gi †KvbwUi bq N abvZ¥K ZworØvi M AavZiz cigvYy B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i

390. ‡mj wewµqv ¯^ZtùZ~ ©fv‡e NU‡Z n‡j †mj wef‡ei gvb n‡Z nq- N AavZiz cigvYy B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i
K abvZ¥K L FYvZ¥K
M †Kvb m¤úK© †bB N abvZ¥K I FYvZ¥K DfqB 396. MwjZ †jW ‡µvgvBWi g‡a¨ w`‡q Zwor ceÖ vn N‡U wb‡¤œi †KvbwUi
Øviv?

K g³y B‡jKUªb Øviv L mÂiYkxj Avqb Øviv

M mÂibkxj cigvYy Øviv N †jW cigvYy Øviv

397. ‡Kvb avZe e¯‘‡Z wmjfv‡ii B‡jK‡Uªv‡cwø Us Ki‡Z n‡j wb‡¤œi ‡Kvb
e¨e¯’vwU mwVK?

K¨v‡_vW A¨v‡bvW Zworwe‡køl¨

K wmjfvi avZe e¯‘ jNy H2SO4

L avZe e¯‘ Kve©b jNy H2SO4

M avZe e¯‘ wmjfvi AgNO3 `ªeY

N wmjfvi avZe e¯‘ AgNO3 `ªeY

398. Kcvi ZworØvi e¨envi K‡i Kcvi mvj‡d‡Ui A¤øvwqZ Rjxq `ªe‡Y

Zwor ceÖ vwnZ Kiv nq| cÖevwnZ Zwor Kv‡i‡›Ui gvb w¯’i _vK‡j

Kcvi K¨v‡_v‡Wi fi †h cwieZ©b N‡U Zv wb‡¤œi †Kvb MÖvdwUi m‡½

msMwZc~Y©?

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Cu K¨v‡_vW RviY 405. g`„ y B‡jK‡UªvjvBU †KvbwU?
Cu K¨v‡_vW RviY
Cu K¨v‡_vW RviY K HNO3 L NaOH
Cu K¨v‡_vW RviY
mgq mgq mgq M HCl N NH4OH
mgq wPÎ bs 2 wPÎ bs 3 wPÎ bs 4
wPÎ bs 1
406. wRsKmvj‡dU `ªeY 1.0 C PvR© ceÖ vwnZ Ki‡j A¨v‡bv‡W `ªexfZ~ wRsK
K 1bs wPÎ L 2 bs wPÎ
Gi cwigvY KZ?

M 3bs wPÎ N 4bs wPÎ K 32.7 g L 34.7 g

399. MwjZ A¨vjywgwbqvg A·vBW‡K Zwor we‡kølY K‡i Al avZz wb®‹vkb M 0.000338 g N 0.0000338 g
Kiv nq| wfbœ wfbœ mg‡qi Rb¨ MwjZ Al2O3 Gi g‡a¨ wfbœ wfbœ
gvÎvq Kv‡i›U Pvjbv Ki‡j wfbœ wfbœ cwigvY Al K¨v‡_v‡W Rgv nq| 407. wb‡Pi †Kvb ZwoØviwUi Dcv`vb me‡P‡q mn‡R B‡jKUªb Z¨vM Ki‡Z
cv‡i?

Kv‡i›U (A) mgq/w`b mwÂZ Al Gi fi (kg) K Zn L Hg

60 1 1.0 M Cl N Br

120 2 4.0 408. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Zwor we‡køl¨ c`v_©?

240 2 8.0 K CCl4 L C12H22O11

G †cwª ÿ‡Z ckÖ œ n‡jv MwjZ A¨vjywgbvi g‡a¨ 3 w`‡bi Rb¨ 180A M H2O(H+) N C2H5OH
ZworKv‡i›U Pvjbv Ki‡j K¨v‡_v‡W KZUzKz Al Rgv nq? wb‡¤œi
†KvbwU mwVK? 409. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mevi Av‡M PvR©g³y n‡e?

K 3kg L 9 kg K K+L Ag+

M 6.0kg N 12.0 kg M Cu+ N Au+

400. ‡h cwigvY ZworPvR© ceÖ vwnZ Ki‡j CuSO4 `ªeY †_‡K K¨v‡_v‡W 410. wb‡Pi †KvbwU jNy H2SO4 n‡Z nvB‡Wvª ‡Rb weg³y Ki‡Z cv‡i?
0.3175 g Kcvi mwÂZ nq H cwigvY ZworPvR© ceÖ vn Øviv AgNO3
`ªeY †_‡K KZ MÖvg Ag K¨v‡_v‡W cvIqv hvq? K Pb L Hg

M Cu N Ca

K 0.10788 g L 1.0788 g 411. Zn Ges Cu Gi cgÖ vY weRviY wefe h_vµ‡g –0.76V Ges

M 2.1576 g N 0.5394 g +0.34V| Cu+Zn2+ Cu2+ + Zn wewµqvq Ecell Gi gvb
KZ?
401. H2SO4 Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Y 1.0F ZworPvR© ceÖ vwnZ Ki‡j NTP †Z
K¨v‡_v‡W Kx cwigvY H2 M¨vm wegy³ nq? K – 0.101 V L – 1.01 V

K 22.4 L L 11.2 L M +0.101 V N +1.1 V

M 2.24L N 1.12 L 412. mgf‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z PvR© a‡i ivLvi ÿgZv †ekx?
402. Zwor cwievnx c`v_©‡K KqwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq?
K Li L Na

K 3wU L 2wU M K N Rb

M 4wU N 5wU 413. GwmW wgwkÖZ chv©ß cvwbi †fZi w`‡q 2F we`¨y r Pvjbv Ki‡j KZ
MÖvg nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨vm K¨v‡_v‡W wegy³ n‡e?
403. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cwievnx c`v_©?
K 0.5 g L 1 g
K Zvgv L KvV
M 2g N 4g
M ivevi N KvP
414. Al Gi Zwor ivmvqwbK Zjz ¨vsK KZ?
404. GKwU †Kv‡li e.m.f wbY©‡qi mgxKiY †KvbwU?
K 9.310–5 gc–1 L 9.310–4 gc–1
E  E  EK cell
anonde( ox) cat hode( red) M 9.310–2 gc–1 N 9.310–3 gc–1

E  E  EL cell 415. weMwjZ NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3 Ges SnCl2 Gi †fZi w`‡q 1F Zwor
anonde( ox) cat hode( red) Pvjbv Ki‡j K¨v‡_v‡W wb‡Pi †Kvb avZiz AwaK †gvjmsL¨v Rgv n‡e?

E  E  EM cell
cat hode( red) cat hoxe( ox) K Na L Mg

E  E  EN cell M Al N Sn
cat hode( red) cat hoxe( ox)

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416. CuSO4 Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Y 10 wgwbU a‡i 0.5A Zwor Pvjbv Ki‡j M W Z N W  ZI
K¨v‡_v‡W Kq cigvYy Kcvi Rgv n‡e?
427. GKwU CuSO4 `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ GK N›Uv hver we`¨y r cÖevwnZ Ki‡j
K 9.351020 wU L 9.351021 wU 0.50g MÖvg Cu ZworØv‡i Rgv n‡j Kx cwigvY we`¨y r ceÖ vwnZ
n‡qwQj?
M 9.351022 wU N 9.351023 wU

417. A, B, C Ges D Gi weRviY wefe h_vµ‡g –0.5V, 0.3V, –0.6V K 0.422 A L 0.402A
Ges –0.83V; wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU AwaK mwµq?
M 0.412V N 0.432A

KALB 428. ‡mvwWqvg †K¬vivB‡Wi (NaCl) Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Yi Zwor we‡køl‡Y
Drcbœ nq-
MC ND

418. wjw_qvg e¨vUvwi Pv‡R©i mgq †Kvevë Gi RviYgvY +3 n‡Z KZ nq? K Na K¨v‡_v‡W Ges Cl2 A¨v‡bv‡W
L H2 K¨v‡_v‡W Ges Cl2 A¨v‡bv‡W
K +1 L +2 M H2 K¨v‡_v‡W Ges O2 A¨v‡bv‡W
N Na K¨v‡_v‡W Ges O2 A¨v‡bv‡W
M +4 N +6 429. GK Kzj¤^ Avavb KZwU B‡jKUªb enb K‡i?

419. ‡Kvb avZehMy ‡ji mgš^‡q MwVZ †Kv‡l mev©wK Zwor cvIqv hv‡e?

K Zn Ges Cu L Zn Ges Ag

M Zn Ges Al N Ag Ges Al K 6.021021 L 6.241018

420. GK †gvj weMwjZ Al2O3 Gi †fZi w`‡q KZ d¨viv‡W Zwor Pvjbv M 6.211015 N 6.021010
Ki‡j m¤úY~ ©iƒ‡c avZe c`v_© K¨v‡_v‡W mwÂZ n‡e?
430. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dc‡ii bxwZi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨?

K 1F L 3F K W1  W2  W3 = aªæeK
E1 E2 E3
M 4F M 6F

421. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi Rjxq `ªe‡Y Zwor cwievwnZv me‡P‡q †ewk? L W1  W2  W3 = aªæeK
a1 a2 a3
K AgF (aq) L AgCl(aq)

M AgBr(aq) N AgI M w = ZI N w= ZQ

422. wb‡Pi †Kvb `ªe‡Yi Zwor cwievwnZv me‡P‡q Kg? 431. hLb †Kv‡bv mswkøó AvqZ‡bi PvR© msL¨v Øviv M¨vg AvYweK f‡i
wefvwRZ nq ZLb Zv‡K e‡j-
K 1% CH3COOH `ªeY

L 2% CH3COOH `ªeY K ivmvqwbK mvg¨ve¯’v L hvwš¿K mvg¨ve¯’v

M 5% CH3COOH `ªeY M Zwor mvg¨ve¯’v N Zwor hvwš¿K mvg¨ve¯’v

N 10% CH3COOH `ªeY 432. 1M Na2SO4 Gi Zwor we‡køl‡Y K¨v‡_v‡W wb‡Pi †KvbwU Drcbœ
n‡e?
423. ‡Kvb avZz ¯^íZg mg‡q jNy HCl Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i H2 M¨vm
Drcbœ K‡i? K O2 L H2

K Na LK M H2SO3 N S2O82

M Zn N Pb 433. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RviK I weRviK Dfq ag© cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z mÿg?

424. LiCoO2 A + nLi+ + ne– A †hŠ‡M CO Gi RviY gvb KZ? K H+ L Na+

K +1 L +2 M Sn2+ N MnO 
4
M +3 N +4
434. GKwU Zwor ivmvqwbK †Kvl Pvjbvq jeY †mZiz fw~ gKv †KvbwU?
425. B‡jKUªbxq cwievnx †KvbwU?
K Av`ª©we‡kølY msNUb Kiv
K FeSO4 L NaCl
L A-¯^Ztù~Z© wewµqv NUv‡bv
M CuSO4 N Pt
426. K¨v‡_v‡Wi cÖ_g m~‡Îi MvwYwZK cKÖ vk wb‡Pi †KvbwU? M ‡Kv‡li g‡a¨ Avqb PjvP‡ji m‡y hvM mw„ ó Kiv

KWI LWQ N K¨v‡_vW †_‡K A¨v‡bv‡W B‡jKUªb ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv

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অধ্যায় ০৫: অর্নথ িরতক েসায়ি M cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZK…© h_vh_fv‡e QvocÎ †`qv n‡q‡Q
wKbv Zv cixÿv K‡i †`qv

1. b¨v‡bv KYvi AvKvi n‡”Q- N `w~ lZ eR¨© cwi‡kva‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq BwUwc Kvh©µg
I mwµq Av‡Q wKbv Zv cixÿv Kiv
K 1–100 nm L  100nm

M  1nm N 100-200 nm 10. Kve©‡bi b¨v‡bv cvwU©K¨vj bq †KvbwU?

2. ‡Kvb `~lKwU cÖv_wgK evqy `l~ ‡Ki Zjz bvq AwaK ÿwZKviK? K MÖvwdb L Kve©b b¨v‡bvwUDe

K H2S L NH3 M dzjvwib N nxiK

M CO N H2SO4 11. KvMR ˆZwii †Kvb av‡c wdjvi c`v_© cÖ_‡g ‡hvM Kiv nq?

3. wngvqK I Pvgov wk‡í †jvgbvkK wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨eüZ K wewUs L Kwz Ks

nq? M widvBwbs N Kvjvwis

K B_vBj A¨vwgb L A¨v‡iv‡gwUK A¨vwgb 12. ‡gjvgvBb ˆZwii Dcv`vb †KvbwU?

M wg_vBj A¨vwgb N K I L DfqB K ‡Udjb L BDwiqv

4. weqvbxevRv‡ii M¨vm D‡Ëvjb K‡i †Kvb †Kv¤úvbx? M wg_vb¨vj N A¨v‡gvwbqv

K SGFCL L BAPEX 13. Pvgov wk‡í †KvbwU eR¨?©

M TULLOW N SHAURON K Zij CH4 L MgO ¸uov

5. KvM‡R is Kiv nq †Kvb av‡c? M Na2SO4 N CaS

K Kwz Ks L wewUs 14. µx‡g UV iwk¥ †kvl‡Yi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv

M widvBwbs N mvBwRs nq?

6. wm‡g›U wk‡í †KvbwU KvuPvgvj wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq? K ZnO L TiO2
M Al2O3 N Pb3O4
K cÖvKw… ZK M¨vm L Kqjv 15. b¨v‡bv cvwU©K¨vj Kx?

M Pzbvcv_i N †mvWv A¨vk

7. evsjv‡`‡ki Kqjv wfwËK cÖavb wkí †KvbwU? K e„nr Avuk L ÿ`z ª Zš‘

K BDwiqv L Møvm M GK ai‡bi m~² KwYKv

M we`¨y r N wm‡g›U N GK ai‡bi en„ r KwYKv

8. Pvgovi wcKwjs Kivi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †Kvb `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ 16. Pvqbv †K¬ Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU?
Pvgov‡K Wzwe‡q ivLv nq?
K K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2 L CaO.Al2O3.6SiO2
K 1M NaCl I 0.05M NaOH M Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O N Na2O.Al2O3.6SiO2
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Pz¤^K ag© cÖ`k©b K‡i?
L 1M NaCl I 0.05M H2SO4

M 1M NaCl I 0.05M NH4Cl K Au L Aun

N 1M NaCl I 0.05M NH4Cl M Zn N He

9. wkí e‡R¨i© `~lK ‡_‡K cwi‡ek wech©q †iva Ki‡Z †KvbwU 18. ‡Kvb c`v_©wU ïay GKevi wimvB‡Kj †hvM¨?
Kiv AwaK evÂbxq?
K cwjw_b L KvP

K wkí BDwbU¸‡jv‡K Ri”ixfv‡e kn‡ii Avevm¯’j †_‡K M A¨vjywgwbqvg N KvMR
`‡~ i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv
19. evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb Lv‡Z cÖvK…wZK M¨vm me‡P‡q †ewk e¨envi
L cÖwZwU wkí BDwb‡U wbivc` I cwi‡ek evÜe ivmvqwbK nq?
`ªe¨ e¨envi Kiv
K we`¨y r Drcv`b L mvi KviLvbvq

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M wmGbwR N Mn„ ¯’vwj K SiO2 L K2O
M CaO N Kv‡jU
20. eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki †Kvb Kqjv‡ÿÎ †_‡K Kqjv Drcvw`Z
n‡”Q? 29. ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›U CaO Gi kZKiv cwigvY n‡jv-

K eocyKwz iqv L dzjevox K 17-25 L 1-3

M `xwNcvov N RvgvjMÄ M 2-6 N 60-66

21. ‡µvg U¨vwbs cÖwµqvq Pvgovi †Kvjv‡Rb I †µvwgqvg 30. ‡ccv‡ii Kvwj gynb Gi Rb¨ †ccvi wk‡í cvê ˆZwii mgq
Avq‡bi g‡a¨ †Kvb eÜb MwVZ nq? e¨eüZ nq-

K AvqwbK eÜb L mg‡hvRx eÜb K NaOH L H2SO4

M mwbœ‡ek eÜb N nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÜb M NaSO4 N wjMwbb

22. we`y¨r Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb c`v_©wU me‡P‡q †ewk 31. cÖvKw… ZK M¨v‡mi cÖavb Dcv`vb n‡jv-
e¨eüZ nq?
K Bw_wjb L wg‡_b

K C29H40O6N L cÖvKw… ZK M¨vm M weD‡Ub N †cÖv‡cb
M cvwb N wbDwK¬qvi
32. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvKw… ZK M¨vm †ÿÎ?

23. wmivwgK‡K Zvc mnbkxj evbv‡bvi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU †hvM K djz evwo L weweqvbv
Kiv nq?
M RvgvjMÄ N eo cKy wz iqv

K e·vBU L Pzbvcv_i 33. b¨v‡bv KYvi AvKvi n‡”Q-

M wmwjKv N †d¬vi¯úvi K 1nm L 100-200 nm

24. w¯i’ Pv‡c 27C G wbw`©ó f‡ii M¨v‡mi AvqZb 1L n‡j M 1-100 nm N  10 nm
KZ ZvcgvÎvq M¨v‡mi AvqZb 2L n‡e?
34. KqwU Drm †_‡K wPwb Drcv`b Kiv nq?

K 0C L 273K K 2wU L 4wU

M 273C N 283C M 3wU N 6wU
D chv©qwUi bvg nj-
35. b¨v‡bv KYvi AvK…wZ-

K wWmwës L wcKwjs K 1-100 L 100-2500

M wW‡dwUs N wW-Aw·WvBwRs M 2500-10000 N  10000

25. Pvgovi †Kvjv‡Rb ‡cÖvwU‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb avZwz U h³y n‡q 36. K‡y jU †Kvb wk‡í eR¨© wimvBwKs¬ c`v_© wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv
Pvgovi wjs‡KR cY~ © K‡i _v‡K? nq?.

K Pb L Sb K wm‡g›U L KvuP

M As N Cr M cøvw÷K N KvMR

26. ‡Kvb Kqjv Lwbi Kqjvi K¨vjwiwdK gvb me‡P‡q †ewk? 37. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cÖvwWDmvi M¨vm bv‡g cwiwPZ?

K eo cyKzwiqv L `xwNcvov K (CO + H2) L (CO + N2)

M Lvwjmciy N RvgvjMÄ M (CO2 + N2) N (CO + 3H2)

27. b¨v‡bv Ae¯v’ q c`v‡_©i AcwUK¨vj, P¤z ^Kxq ev ˆe`y¨wZK ag© 38. BDwiqv mv‡i KZ kZvsk bvB‡Uªv‡Rb _v‡K?
cwieZ©‡bi KviY †KvbwU?
K 46% L 44%
K KYvi f L KYvi AvqZb
M 42-44% N 48-50%

M KYvi †fŠZ Ae¯v’ N KYvi Zij †ÿÎdj 39. wm‡g›U Rgvi mgq †h DËv‡ci mw„ ó nq Zv‡Z wb‡Pi
†hŠMmg‡~ ni mwVK µg †KvbwU?
28. KvP Drcv`‡b Mjbx `ªe¨ n‡jv-

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K C3A  C3SC2S  C4AF
L C2S  C4AF  C3S  C3A
M C3S  C3A  C4AF  C2S
N C3S  C2S  C4AF  C3A
40. evsjv‡`‡k iwk`cyi M¨vm †ÿ‡Î cÖvß M¨v‡m wg‡_‡bi kZKiv
nvi KZ?

K 93.40 L 96.85 M 98.00 N 99.05