beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 119 cÂg Aa¨vq e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS Colonel Sanders (1890−1980) K‡Y©j m¨vÛvim †K›UvwK d«vBW wP‡Kb bvgK GwU AZ¨šÍ RbwcÖq †i‡¯Íviuv MÖæ‡ci cÖwZôvZv| cvV m¤úwK©Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqvw` ◼ e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K : e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i wKQy eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` _v‡K †hgb : KwcivBU, †c‡U›U, †UªWgvK© BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jv e¨emvq D‡`¨v‡Mi M‡elYvi dmj Ges e¨emv‡qi AwZg~j¨evb m¤ú`| Gme m¤ú` msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ me †`‡kB AvBbMZ wewaweavb i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv Avek¨K| AvBbKvbyb m¤ú‡K© aviYv e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ mgm¨v †_‡K i¶v †c‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| ◼ jvB‡mÝ : †h‡Kv‡bv e¨emvq ïi“ Kivi Av‡M mswkó KZ©„c‡¶i KvQ †_‡K Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z nq ev wbeÜb Ki‡Z nq| Aby‡gv`b ev wbeÜb Kivi c×wZ wewfbœ iK‡gi| GKK gvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î hw` Gi Ae¯’vb †cŠi GjvKvi wfZ‡i nq Zvn‡j †cŠi KZ©„c‡¶i Ges †cŠi GjvKvi evB‡i n‡j mswkó †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi KvQ †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`‡k Askx`vwi e¨emvq wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK bq| ◼ †hŠ_ g~jabx †Kv¤úvwb wbeÜb : †Kv¤úvwb AvBb Abymv‡i evsjv‡`k †hŠ_ g~jabx e¨emv‡qi wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK| G‡¶‡Î †Kv¤úvwbi wbe܇Ki f‚wgKv cvjb K‡ib †iwR÷ªvi Ae R‡q›U ÷K †Kv¤úvwb| cÖeZ©KMY †Kv¤úvwb AvBb Abymv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq `wjjmn wd cÖ`vb K‡i wbe܇Ki wbKU Av‡e`b K‡ib| `wjjvw` I cÖgvYcÎ cix¶v wbix¶v K‡i mš‘ó n‡j wbeÜK wbeÜbcÎ Bmy¨ K‡ib| ◼ d«vbmvBwRs : eZ©gv‡b d«vbmvBwRs c×wZ‡Z e¨emvq ¯’vcb I cwiPvjb RbwcÖq n‡q D‡V‡Q| †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg e¨envi Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K d«vbmvBwRs e‡j| d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ n‡jv : d«vbmvBRi I d«vbmvBwRs Gi g‡a¨ Pzw³cÎ| eª¨v‡ÛW cY¨ ev †mev| cY¨ ev †mev ¯^xK…Z gvb I cÖwµqv Abyhvqx n‡”Q wKbv Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ d«vbmvBRvi KZ©„K gwbUwis| ◼ d«vbmvBR Pzw³ : d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ n‡jv d«vbmvBRs Pzw³ hv d«vbmvBwR I d«vbmvBRv‡ii g‡a¨ ¯^v¶wiZ nq| cyuwRi cwigvY, cÖwk¶‡Yi e¨e¯’v, e¨e¯’vcbvq mvnvh¨, d«vbmvBR GjvKv BZ¨vw` †f‡` Pzw³i aviv¸‡jv wewfbœ iKg n‡Z cv‡i| Pzw³c‡Îi kZ©vewj hw` Df‡qi Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq Zvn‡j Pzw³cÎ ¯^v¶wiZ n‡e| ◼ †gavm¤ú` : gbb I †gav Øviv m„ó KvRB †gavm¤ú`| e¨emvq, wk‡í ev evwY‡R¨ cÖ‡qvM Dc‡hvMx Avwe®‹vi, mvwnZ¨ I wkíKg©, bKkv, cÖZxK, bvg BZ¨vw` †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³| wkí ev e¨emvq D‡`¨v³vi †gavm¤ú` ej‡Z Hme g~j¨evb m¤ú`‡K †evSvq hv †m `xN©w`b cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q D™¢veb K‡i‡Q| Gme m¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ †c‡U›U, †UªWgvK© Ges KwcivBU Ab¨Zg| ◼ †c‡U›U : †c‡U›U n‡jv GK ai‡bi †gavm¤ú`| †c‡U‡›Ui gva¨‡g Giƒc Avwe®‹v‡ii Rb¨ Avwe®‹viK‡K Zvi ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb Kiv nq| †c‡U›U Kivi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wk‡ív‡`¨v³vi cwikªgjä D™¢veb bKj ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q ˆZwi ev wewµ K‡i hv‡Z †KD Avw_©K myweav AR©b bv Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| ◼ cY¨ cÖZxK/ †UªWgvK© : e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î †Kv‡bv cY¨‡K A‡b¨i Abyiƒc ev Awfbœ cY¨ n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ Kivi j‡¶¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K †UªWgvK© e‡j| wVK GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ †mevi †¶‡Î e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K mvwf©m gvK© e‡j| wWfvBm, eªvÛ, wk‡ivbvg, †j‡ej, wUwKU, bvg, ¯^v¶i, kã, A¶i, cÖZxK, msL¨v hy³ Dcv`vb, i‡Oi mgš^q ev G¸‡jvi †h †Kv‡bv iƒc mgš^q cÖZx‡Ki Abyfz©³ n‡e| ◼ †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb H cY¨ ev †mevi †¶‡Î cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii wel‡q †iwR÷vW© gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i| †iwR÷vW© gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| AvBb Øviv G AwaKvi myiw¶Z| G AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j gvwjK Av`vj‡Z gvgjv K‡i Gi cÖwZKvi cvq| ◼ †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi mgqmxgv : †UªWgv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb †`Iqv nq 7 eQ‡ii Rb¨| †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M Av‡e`b Ki‡j 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ bevqb Kiv hvq| Awbw`©ó Kvj ch©šÍ cybtcyb bevqb Kiv hvq †UªWgvK©| ◼ KwcivBU : KwcivBU GKwU eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` hv i¶v Kivi e¨e¯’v bv Ki‡j Gi ¯^Z¡vwaKvix ev gvwjK ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq| Mí, bvUK, cÖeÜ, KweZv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨Kg©, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ, m½xZ, fv¯‹h© KwcivBU Øviv msiw¶Z nq| eªv‡Ûi cY¨, †Ljvi ZviKv‡`i bvg cÖf„wZ KwcivBU Pzw³i gva¨‡g wecYb Kiv hvq| cÖK…Zc‡¶ KwcivBU Pzw³ cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi GKwU RbwcÖq Dcvq| ◼ evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s Bbw÷wUDkb : †Kv‡bv we‡kl cY¨ Drcv`b, wecYb ev †mB we‡kl cY¨wU‡K evRv‡i cÖPwjZ cY¨ †_‡K Avjv`v wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z PvB‡j evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s Bbw÷wUDkb ev weGmwUAvBi Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z nq| wba©vwiZ
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 120 di‡g Av‡e`b K‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq wd Rgv w`‡q cY¨ cÖZxK ev †UªWgvK© wbewÜKiY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| c‡Y¨i gvb wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx †mB mKj cY¨ Drcv`b ev mvwU©wd‡KU †_‡K eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e mb`cÎ ev mvwU©wd‡KU wb‡Z nq| ◼ wegv : †h Pzw³i gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb ev †Kv¤úvwb KZ©„K wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó e¨w³ ev welq m¤úwË m¤úwK©Z †Kv‡bv NUbvRwbZ ¶wZi ev NUbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© cÖ`vb Kiv nq Zv‡K wegvPzw³ e‡j| D³ ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ ev wbw`©ó A_© cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †h c¶ ¯^xK…Z nq Zv‡K wegvKvix Ges hvi ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ ev hv‡K A_© cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ D³ Pzw³ m¤úvw`Z nq Zv‡K wegvMÖnxZv e‡j| ◼ e¨emv‡q wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : wegv e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ mnvqK| wegvKvix cÖwZôvb bv _vK‡j SzuwKi Avk¼vq A‡bK e¨emvqx‡K cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qB Zv‡`i e¨emvq eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡Zv| ZvB e¨emv‡qi SzuwKMZ cÖwZeÜKZv I weivRgvb AwðqZv `~i K‡i e¨emvq‡K wbiew”Qbœfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Lye †ewk| ◼ wegvi cÖKvi‡f` : eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ cÖKvi wegvi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Pvi cÖKvi wegv me©vwaK cÖPwjZ| (1) Rxeb wegv, (2) †bŠ wegv (3) AwMœ wegv Ges (4) `yN©Ubv wegv| eZ©gvbKv‡j gvbyl µgkB wegvi myweav Dcjwä Kivq DcwiD³ Pvi cÖKvi wegv QvovI Av‡iv K‡qK †kªwYi wegvi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| Rxeb wegv : †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvKvix wegv wKw¯Íi wewbg‡q wegv MÖnYKvix e¨w³‡K ev Zvi wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ ev DËivwaKvix‡K GKwU we‡kl mg‡qi c‡i ev wegvMÖwnZvi g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z A_© cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K †mB wegv Pzw³‡K Rxeb wegv e‡j| AwMœ wegv : †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvMÖnxZv e¨w³‡K AwMœRwbZ ¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY `vb Kiv nq Zv‡K AwMœ wegv e‡j| †bŠ wegv : †h wegvq b`x I mvgyw`ªK hvÎv †_‡K m„ó SzuwKi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY †`Iqvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`Iqv nq Zv‡K †bŠ wegv ejv nq| `yN©Ubv wegv : e¨w³i Rxeb ev m¤úwË webv‡ki SzuwK `yN©Ubv wegvi AvIZvfz³| G RvZxq wegvi kZ©vbymv‡i wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi cwie‡Z© Avkw¼Z `yN©UbvRwbZ ¶wZ msNwUZ n‡j wegvKvix wegvMÖwnZv‡K ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb K‡i| Abykxjbxi enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ Kx? K Drcv`b L evRviRvZKiY M gybvdv AR©b Pzw³ 2. e¨emv‡q c‡Y¨i †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv nq †Kb? gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ L c‡Y¨i evRvi m¤cÖmvi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ M SzuwK Gov‡bvi Rb¨ N cÖwZ‡hvwMZv †gvKvwejv Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : XvKvi kwbi AvLovi evwm›`v Rbve nvwee GKwU B‡jKUªwb· cY¨mvgMÖx Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK| GQvov wZwb we‡`k †_‡K GKwU mieivnKvix cÖwZôv‡bi gva¨‡g bvbv iKg B‡jKUªwb· cY¨mvgMÖx Avg`vwb K‡ib| mieivnKvix cÖwZôvb D³ cY¨ evsjv‡`‡ki mgy`ª e›`i PÆMÖvg ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡Q †`b| gvj Avbq‡bi SzuwK Gov‡bvi Rb¨ GKwU wegv Kiv nq| 3. DÏxc‡K †K wegvMÖnxZv n‡eb? K Drcv`bKvix mieivnKvix M Avg`vwbKviK N e›`i KZ…©cÿ 4. DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU wegv Kivi d‡ji. wbw`©ó SzuwK `~i n‡e ii. mvgyw`ªK `yN©Ubv n«vm cv‡e iii. ÿwZc~iY cvevi wbðqZv _vK‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 5. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi DcKvwiZv †KvbwU? K cÖPzi gybvdv L AwaK wewb‡qvM gvbm¤§Z cY¨ weµq N K‡Vvi Z`viwK 6. evsjv‡`‡k †gavm¤ú` w`em KZ Zvwi‡L cvwjZ nq? K 26 †g 28 GwcÖj M 27 GwcÖj N 26 GwcÖj Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wg. dqmvj ewikvj †_‡K XvKv Avmvi c‡_ j Wzwe‡Z gviv †Mj| GKwU wegv †Kv¤úvwb Zvi c~‡e© M„nxZ wegv cwjwm eve` 10 jÿ UvKv cwi‡kva Kivq Zvi cwiev‡ii Avw_©K AwbðqZv wKQzUv jvNe nq| 7. wg. dqmvj Gi M„nxZ wegv †KvbwU? K `yN©Ubv wegv L †bŠ wegv Rxeb wegv N wek¦¯^Zv wegv 8. wg. dqmv‡ji wegvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡ei. GwU ÿwZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ ii. GwU me‡P‡q RbwcÖq iii. g„Zz¨ bv n‡jI A_© cv‡eb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 121 AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi f‚wgKv mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 9. gvbyl e¨emvq K‡i †Kb? (Abyaveb) K mybvg e„w×i Rb¨ RxweKv AR©‡bi Rb¨ M ÿgZv jv‡fi Rb¨ N SuywK MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ 10. mKj e¨emvq †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvBb Øviv Kx n‡Z nq? (Ávb) K ïay ¯^xK…Z L ïay ˆea ¯^xK…Z I ˆea N AvB‡bi `iKvi nq bv 11. gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨emvq Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q Kvi? (Ávb) K hyeK‡`i L e¨emvqx‡`i M †eKvi‡`i mK‡ji enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 12. †hme D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi Rb¨ mK‡ji ˆea e¨emvq Kivi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q− (Abyaveb) i. gybvdv AR©b ii. RxweKv AR©b iii. e¨emvq m¤cÖmviY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 13. Rbve mvBdzj e¨emvq K‡i RxweKv AR©b Ki‡Z Pvb| Zvi e¨emvqwU †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvBb ØvivÑ (cÖ‡qvM) i. MwVZ n‡Z n‡e ii. ¯^xK…Z n‡Z n‡e iii. ˆea n‡Z n‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 14. e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K n‡jvÑ (Abyaveb) i. cuywR ii. jvB‡mÝ iii. †UªW gvK©m wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii e¨emv‡q AvBbMZ w`K mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 15. †Kvb wkÿvel© †_‡K e¨emvq D‡`¨vM †Kvm©wU e¨emvq wkÿv kvLvq AšÍfz©³ Kiv nq? (Ávb) 1998 L 2000 M 2002 N 2004 16. †Kvb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿ‡Ki D‡`¨v‡M e¨emvq D‡`¨vM cvV¨cy¯ÍKwU iwPZ nq? (Ávb) XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq L ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq M PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vjq N Rvnv½xibMi wek¦we`¨vjq 17. †Kvb Kvi‡Y eB‡qi weµq AvKw¯§Kfv‡e K‡g †h‡Z cv‡i? (Abyaveb) K eB‡qi Ach©vßZv L cÖPv‡ii Afve M Pvwn`vi Afve bKj eB‡qi Dcw¯’wZ 18. KwcivBU Kx? (Ávb) eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` L LwbR m¤ú` M fvmgvb m¤ú` N M„nm¤ú` 19. AvBbMZ wewaweavb m¤ú‡K© Kv‡`i cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv Avek¨K? (Ávb) K e¨emvqx‡`i L †fv³v‡`i M †µZv‡`i e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i 20. Kx m¤ú‡K© aviYv e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ mgm¨v †_‡K iÿv †c‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i? (Ávb) K e¨emv‡qi aib L e¨emv‡qi wbqgvewj M e¨emv‡qi g~jab †`‡ki AvBbKvbyb enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 21. eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. KwcivBU ii. †c‡U›U iii. †UªWgvK© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 22. eyw×e„wËK m¤ú`‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq− (Abyaveb) i. e¨emvq D‡`¨v‡Mi M‡elYvi dmj wn‡m‡e ii. e¨emv‡qi AwZ g~j¨evb m¤ú` wn‡m‡e iii.gvwj‡Ki m¤úwË wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 23 I 24 bs cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : AvwbKv eûw`b a‡i M‡elYv K‡i GKwU mdUIq¨vi Avwe®‹vi K‡i| wKš‘ Gi wbeÜb bv K‡iB mdUIq¨viwU e¨emvwqK D‡Ï‡k¨ evRviRvZ K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z evRv‡i IB mdUIq¨v‡ii bKj †ei n‡j AvwbKv Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nq| 23. AvwbKv Kx Ki‡j ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡Zv bv? (cÖ‡qvM) wbeÜb L gvgjv M evRviRvZ N M‡elYv 24. AvwbKvi Avwe®‹viwU Kx ai‡bi m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ? (D”PZi `ÿZv) K Avw_©K L RvZxq eyw×e„wËK N AvBbMZ jvB‡mÝ mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 25. †h‡Kv‡bv e¨emvq ïiæ Kivi Av‡M mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi KvQ †_‡K Kx wb‡Z nq? (Ávb) K aviYv Aby‡gv`b M ïiæ Kivi mgqN cY¨ Ávb 26. Aby‡gv`b ev wbeÜb c×wZ †Kgb? (Abyaveb) wewfbœ iKg L GKB iKg M cÖvq GK iKg N wbeÜb wb®cÖ‡qvRb 27. †cŠi GjvKvq GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î †Kv_v †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ wb‡Z nq? (Ávb) K BDwbqb cwil` †cŠi KZ©„c¶ M Dc‡Rjv cÖkvmb N †Rjv cÖkvmb 28. Kvgvj nvwRMÄ †cŠi GjvKvq GKwU wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq c‡Y¨i e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡jb| Zv‡K Kvi KvQ †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e? (cÖ‡qvM) K †Rjv cÖkvmK L _vbv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v †cŠi KZ©„c¶ N †Rjv cwil` 29. †cŠi GjvKvi evB‡i GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq MVb Ki‡Z †Kv_v †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ wb‡Z nq? (Ávb) K wewmK wkí bMix L BDwbqb cwil` †Rjv cÖkvmb N †cŠimfv
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 122 30. wg. wcqvj †cŠi GjvKv †_‡K cÖvq 18 wK.wg. `~‡i GKwU Kb‡dKkbvwi †`vKvb ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Pvq| GRb¨ Zv‡K Kvi wbKU †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e? (cÖ‡qvM) K †cŠi KZ…©cÿ †Rjv cÖkvmb M BDwbqb KZ…©cÿ N evRvi KwgwU 31. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU msMÖn Ki‡Z nq? (Ávb) K AbygwZcÎ †UªW jvB‡mÝ M Avg`vwb jvB‡mÝ N ißvwb jvB‡mÝ 32. wbmvi GKRb Aí wkwÿZ †eKvi hyeK| wZwb GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ¯’vcb Ki‡jb| G‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡K †KvbwU msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e? (cÖ‡qvM) K AbygwZcÎ L †c‡U›U †UªW jvB‡mÝ N wbeÜb 33. evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb e¨emvq wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK bq? (Ávb) K ivóªxq Askx`vwi M †Kv¤úvwb N mgevq 34. evsjv‡`‡k Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi wbeÜb †Kgb? (Abyaveb) K AvBb wbqwš¿Z L cÖ‡qvRb †bB M eva¨Zvg~jK eva¨Zvg~jK bq 35. gviæd I ZvwiK `yB eÜz| Zviv GKwU Askx`vwi e¨emvq MVb Ki‡Z Pvq| Zv‡`i Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb KvRwU Kiv eva¨Zvg~jK bq? (cÖ‡qvM) K Pzw³ wbeÜb M cywR msMÖn N g~jab 36. Askx`vwi e¨emvq wbeÜb Ki‡Z PvB‡j Kvi Kv‡Q Av‡e`b Ki‡Z n‡e? (Ávb) K †cŠi KZ©„c‡¶i L †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi ¯’vbxq wbe܇Ki N wewmK cÖav‡bi 37. Askx`vwi e¨emvq wbe܇bi Rb¨ Av‡e`‡bi mv‡_ wbw`©ó nv‡i Kx w`‡Z nq? (Ávb) K g~jab wd M gybvdv N FY enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 38. e¨emvq ïiæ Kivi Av‡M mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi KvQ †_‡K- (Abyaveb) i. Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z nq ii. wbeÜb Ki‡Z nq iii. aviYv w`‡Z nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 39. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn Ki‡Z nq− (Abyaveb) i. †cŠi GjvKvi wfZi n‡j †cŠi KZ©„c‡¶i KvQ †_‡K ii. †cŠi GjvKvi evB‡i n‡j †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi KvQ †_‡K iii. †cŠi GjvKvi evB‡i n‡j BDwbqb cwil` †_‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 40 I 41 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Kwig I iwng `yB eÜz mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ GKwU e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡k G e¨emvqwU wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK bq| Z_vwc Zviv GwU wbe܇bi B”Qv †cvlY Ki‡jb| 40. Kwig I iwn‡gi e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi? (cÖ‡qvM) Askx`vwi e¨emvq L cÖvB‡fU wj. †Kv¤úvwb M cvewjK wj. †Kv¤úvwb N mgevq e¨emvq 41. DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU wbewÜZ n‡j− (D”PZi `ÿZv) i. Pzw³RwbZ AwaKvi Av`v‡q gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z cvi‡e ii. AmvayZv I cÖZviYvi cÖeYZv n«vm Kiv hv‡e iii. cvIbv Av`v‡q Av`vj‡Z gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z cvi‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †hŠ_ g~jabx †Kv¤úvwb wbeÜb mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 42. †Kvb AvBb Abymv‡i evsjv‡`‡k †hŠ_ g~jabx e¨emv‡qi wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK? (Ávb) K GKgvwjKvbv AvBb L Askx`vwi AvBb †Kv¤úvwb AvBb N cÖPwjZ AvBb 43. †K wbeÜbcÎ Bmy¨ K‡ib? (Ávb) K †Kv¤úvwbi mwPe wbeÜK M †cŠi KZ…©cÿ N _vbv KZ…©cÿ 44. Kviv †Kv¤úvwb wbe܇bi Rb¨ †Kv¤úvwb AvBb Abymv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq wd I `wjjvw` cÖ`vb K‡i Av‡e`b K‡ib? (Ávb) cÖeZ©KMY L cwiPvjKMY M †kqvi †nvìviMY N Kg©KZ©vMY 45. `wjjvw` I cÖgvYcÎ cixÿv-wbixÿv K‡i †K mš‘ó n‡j wbeÜbcÎ Bmy¨ K‡i? (Ávb) K †cŠi KZ…©cÿ wbeÜK M †Rjv cÖkvmK N _vbv KZ…©cÿ 46. cÖvB‡fU wj. †Kv¤úvwbi wbe܇bi Av‡e`b Ki‡Z b~¨bZg KZRb cÖeZ©‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb? (Ávb) `yB Rb L wZb Rb M Pvi Rb N mvZ Rb 47. cvewjK wj. †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ b~¨bZg KZRb cÖeZ©‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb? (Ávb) K `yB Rb L cuvP Rb mvZ Rb N `k Rb 48. cÖvB‡fU wj. †Kv¤úvwb KLb KvR ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i? (Ávb) K wbe܇bi R‡b¨ Av‡e`‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ L cÖ‡qvRbxq wd cÖ`v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ wbeÜbcÎ cÖvwßi mv‡_ mv‡_ N Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ cvIqvi ci 49. cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K e¨emvq ïiæ Kivi Rb¨ Kx msMÖn Ki‡Z nq? (Ávb) K wbeÜbcÎ L †UªW jvB‡mÝ Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ N ¯§viKwjwc enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 50. †hŠ_ g~jabx e¨emv‡qiÑ (Abyaveb) i. wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK ii. wbe܇b †Kv‡bv LiP †bB iii. wbe܇b †Kv¤úvwb AvBb AbymiY Kiv nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 51. cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb− (Abyaveb) i. wbeÜbcÎ msMÖn ii. b~¨bZg `yBRb cÖeZ©K iii. Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ msMÖn wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 52 I 53 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : KvRj I nvwee GKwU †Kv¤úvwb wbe܇bi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib| Aciw`‡K Kvjvg I Zvi 6 eÜz wg‡j Avi GKwU †Kv¤úvwb MV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ wbe܇bi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib| wbeÜbcÎ cvIqvi ci KvRj I nvwee e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡jI Kvjvg I Zvi 6 eÜz e¨emvwqK Kvh©µg ïi“ Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| 52. KvRj I nvwe‡ei e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi? (cÖ‡qvM) K Askx`vwi cÖvB‡fU wj. †Kv¤úvwb M cvewjK wj. †Kv¤úvwb N mgevq 53. Kvjvg I Zvi 6 eÜzi e¨emvqwU KvR ïi“ Ki‡Z bv cvivi KviY− (D”PZi `¶Zv) i. GwU cÖvB‡fU wj. †Kv¤úvwb
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 123 ii. GwU cvewjK wj. †Kv¤úvwb iii. Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ msMÖn Ki‡Z bv cviv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii d«vbmvBwRs mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 54. eZ©gv‡b †Kvb c×wZ‡Z e¨emvq ¯’vcb I cwiPvjbv RbwcÖq n‡q DV‡Q? (Abyaveb) K gybmvBwRs d«vbmvBwRs M mvbmvBwRs N †Kv¤úvwb 55. L¨vZbvgv †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg e¨envi Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K †c‡U›U d«vbmvBwRs M †UªWgvK© N KwcivBU 56. wc¾vnvU †Kvb ai‡bi e¨emvq? (Ávb) K GKgvwjKvbv L Askx`vwi M †hŠ_ g~jabx d«vbmvBwRs 57. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡q KqwU c¶ _v‡K? (Ávb) `yBwU L wZbwU M PviwU N cuvPwU enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 58. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi D`vniY− (Abyaveb) i. e¨vÛ eK&m ii. wc¾vnvU iii. †KGdwm wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 59. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÿ n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. d«vbmvBRi ii. d«vbmvBwb iii. d«vbmvBwR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii d«vbmvBR Pzw³ mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 60. d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³‡Z KqwU welq AšÍfz©³ _v‡K? (Abyaveb) K cuvPwU mvZwU M bqwU N GMv‡ivwU 61. d«vbmvBwRs Kvh© AwaKvi †`Iqvi Av‡M Kx `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i? (Ávb) K g~jab wd M weµq cÖwZwbwa N weµq †K›`ª 62. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi mvd‡j¨i gvcKvwV Kx? (Ávb) K wewb‡qvM Avq M e¨q N kªg 63. mdj n‡Z n‡j †Kvb wel‡q `ÿ n‡Z n‡e? (D”PZi `ÿZv) e¨e¯’vcbvq L gvwjKvbvq M g~jab ms¯’v‡b N gybvdv AR©‡b 64. †Kvb w`b †_‡K d«vbmvBwR Avq Ki‡Z cv‡i? (Ávb) K Pzw³i ci w`b †_‡K wd cÖvwßi w`b †_‡K M cY¨ cvIqvi ci N cY¨ wewµi ci †_‡K 65. cY¨ ¯^xK…Z gvb I cÖwµqv Abyhvqx n‡”Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i †K? (Ávb) K d«vbmvBwR d«vbmvBRi M we‡µZv N †fv³v enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 66. d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³‡Z D‡jL _v‡K− (Abyaveb) i. d«vbmvBwR d«vmvBR‡ii MÖnY‡hvM¨ cY¨ weµq Ki‡e ii. e¨emvq d«vbmvBwRi gvb`Ê Abyhvqx bv n‡j Pzw³cÎ evwZj n‡e iii. d«vbmvBwR Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRbxq A_© wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z ivwR _vK‡eb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 67. d«vbmvBwRs-Gi gva¨‡g e¨emvq Kvivi myweav n‡jv- (Abyaveb) i. eªv‡Ûi cY¨ evRviRvZKiY ii. Kg©Pvix‡`i cÖwk¶‡Yi e¨e¯’v iii. †h †Kv‡bv mg‡q A_©vq‡bi e¨e¯’v wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 68. d«vbmvBwRs-Gi Amyweav n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. K‡Vvi gwbUwis ii. †ewk cwigvY wewb‡qvM iii. e¨emvq msµvšÍ civgk© †`qv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 69 I 70 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Av‡gwiKvi †KvKv‡Kvjv †Kv¤úvwbi †KvKv‡Kvjv cvbx‡qi evsjv‡`‡ki cwi‡ekK n‡”Q cÖvY MÖ“c| 69. †KvKv‡Kvjv †Kv¤úvwb‡K Kx ejv n‡e? (cÖ‡qvM) d«vbmvBRvi L d«vbmvBwR M †µZv N ga¨¯’ Kvievwi 70. Df‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ †KvbwU e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki? (cÖ‡qvM) K A_© wewb‡qvM L FY e„w× A_© DcvR©b N mybvg e„w× †gavm¤ú` mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 71. gbb †gav Øviv m„ó KvR‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K m„RbkxjZv L Avwe®‹vi M D™¢veb †gavm¤ú` 72. wkí ev e¨emvq D‡`¨v³vi †gavm¤ú` ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? (Abyaveb) hv D‡`¨v³v `xN©w`b cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q D™¢veb K‡i‡Q L hv D‡`¨v³v A‡b¨i KvQ †_‡K bKj K‡i‡Q M hv D‡`¨v³v ¯^í mg‡qi g‡a¨ D™¢veb K‡i‡Q N hv D‡`¨v³vi m„RbkxjZv †_‡K G‡m‡Q 73. D™¢veb I m„Rbkxj Kg©Kv‡Êi g~‡j †KvbwU i‡q‡Q? (Ávb) †gavm¤ú` L KwcivBU M jvB‡mÝ N wegv 74. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †gavm¤ú` bq? (Abyaveb) K †c‡U›U L †UªWgvK© M KwcivBU hš¿cvwZ enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 75. †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³ n‡”Q− (Abyaveb) i. mvwnZ¨ I wkíKg© ii. bKkv iii. mybvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 76. D‡`¨v³vi †gavm¤ú`Ñ (Abyaveb) i. gbb I †gav Øviv m„ó KvR ii. ¯^í mg‡qi cÖ‡Póv Øviv AwR©Z m¤ú` iii. c„w_exi A‡bK Am¤¢e‡K m¤¢e K‡i Zz‡j‡Q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †c‡U›U mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 77. †c‡U›U Kx? (Ávb) †gavm¤ú` L gvbem¤ú` M A_©m¤ú` N `„k¨gvb m¤ú`
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 124 78. Kx‡mi gva¨‡g Avwe®‹viK‡K GKwU wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv †`Iqv nq? (Abyaveb) K KwcivBU L †UªWgvK© †c‡U›U N †iwR‡÷ªkb 79. †c‡U‡›Ui gva¨‡g gvwjKvbv cÖ`v‡bi †¶‡Î Kv‡`i g‡a¨ Pzw³ nq? (Ávb) c‡Y¨i D™¢veK I miKvi L wbeÜK I D™¢veK M wbeÜK I miKvi N wbeÜK I Avwe®‹viK 80. †c‡U›U aviYvi DrcwË n‡q‡Q Kx‡mi Rb¨? (Abyaveb) cÖK…Z D™¢veK hv‡Z †Kv‡bvfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í bv nq L D™¢veK hv‡Z AwaK gybvdv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i M D™¢veK hv‡Z cY¨ weµq Ki‡Z cv‡i N D™¢veK hv‡Z cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 81. †c‡U‡›Ui Rb¨ Pzw³ ¯^vÿi K‡i? (Abyaveb) i. RbMY ii. miKvi iii. Avwe®‹viK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii i I iii N i, ii I iii 82. Avwe®‹viK‡K †c‡U›U cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. wbw`©ó mg‡q Ab¨ †KD GwU ˆZwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv ii. wbw`©ó mg‡q Ab¨ †KD GwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| iii. wbw`©ó mg‡q Ab¨ †KD GwU weµq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 83. †c‡U‡›Ui D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. D™¢veK‡K GK”QÎ gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb ii. evRv‡i D™¢vweZ cY¨ weµ‡qi wbðqZv cÖ`vb iii. Amvay e¨emvqx‡`i Øviv ¶wZi Avk¼v †iva wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 84 I 85 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Zgvj cvw÷K w`‡q gM, Mvgjv, evjwZ, †Pqvi cÖf„wZ ˆZwii KviLvbv ¯’vcb Ki‡jb Ges G¸‡jv hv‡Z †KD bKj Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡iI e¨e¯’v wb‡jb| 84. †KD hv‡Z Zgv‡j cY¨ bKj Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ wZwb †Kvb ai‡bi e¨e¯’v wb‡jb? (cÖ‡qvM) †c‡U‡›Ui L †UªWgv‡K©i M KwcivB‡Ui N jvB‡m‡Ýi 85. Zgv‡ji Dchy©³ e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv- (D”PZi `¶Zv) i. Ab¨ †KD †hb †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q myweav AR©b Ki‡Z bv cv‡i ii. Ab¨ †KD †hb †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q weµq Ki‡Z bv cv‡i iii. bZzb D™¢vweZ cY¨ Ab¨ †KD bKj Ki‡Z bv cv‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii cY¨ cÖZxK-†UªWgvK©, †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges mgqmxgv mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 86. †Kv‡bv cY¨‡K A‡b¨i Abyiƒc n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ Kivi j‡¶¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) †UªWgvK© L mvwf©m gvK© M †c‡U›U N KwcivBU 87. †mevi †¶‡Î A‡b¨i Abyiƒc †mev †_‡K ¯^Zš¿ Kivi j‡¶¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K †UªWgvK© mvwf©m gvK© M †c‡U›U N KwcivBU 88. cÖZx‡Ki g~j welq Kx? (Ávb) K cY¨‡K †Pbv c‡Y¨i ¯^vZš¿¨Zv M c‡Y¨i mvgÄm¨Zv N c‡Y¨i cÖPvi 89. †gqv` DËx‡Y©i Av‡M Av‡e`b Ki‡j †UªWgvK© Kq eQ‡ii Rb¨ bevqb Kiv hvq? (Ávb) K 3 eQi L 5 eQi M 7 eQi 10 eQi 90. Dcgnv‡`‡k KZ mv‡j †UªWgvK©m AvBb cÖYqb Kiv nq? (Ávb) K 1945 mv‡j 1940 mv‡j M 1935 mv‡j N 1930 mv‡j 91. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb bevqb Kiv hvq Kxfv‡e? (Abyaveb) cybtcyb bevq‡bi gva¨‡g Awbw`©ó Kvj ch©šÍ L 7 eQ‡ii Rb¨ M ïaygvÎ 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ N 17 eQ‡ii Rb¨ enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 92. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi myweav n‡jvÑ (Abyaveb) i. c‡Y¨i gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ cÖ`vb ii. AvBbMZ cÖwZKvi iii. Ki AeKvk wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 93. †UªWgv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb †hme Kvi‡Y evwZj n‡Z cv‡i− (Abyaevb) i. kZ© jw½Z n‡j ii. bevqb bv Ki‡j iii. Awf‡hvM cÖgvwYZ n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 94 I 95 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : gvwbK 7 eQi c~‡e© †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb K‡i e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| Z‡e Pzw³ †gvZv‡eK KvR Kiv †_‡K weiZ †_‡K‡Qb| 94. gvwb‡Ki †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb mPj ivL‡Z †Kvb c`‡¶cwU cÖ‡qvRb? (cÖ‡qvM) K cybt‡iwR‡÷ªk‡bi Av‡e`b †gqv` †kl nIqvi c~‡e© †gqv` evov‡bvi Av‡e`b M †gqv` †k‡li mv‡_ mv‡_ †gqv` evov‡bvi Av‡e`b N †gqv` DËx‡Y©i 1 eQi ci bevq‡bi Av‡e`b 95. †UªWgvK©wU evwZj n‡e− (D”PZi `¶Zv) i. †gqv` ewa©‡Zi AbygwZ bv wb‡j ii. Pzw³ f‡½i Kvi‡Y iii. AvB‡b RwUjZvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii KwcivBU mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 96. KwcivBU Kx ai‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© m¤ú`? (Abyaveb) eyw×e„wËK L kw³wfwËK M RvZxq m¤ú` N AvBbMZ m¤ú` 97. eZ©gv‡b Kw¤úDUv‡ii †KvbwU KwcivBU Øviv msiw¶Z nq? (Ávb) K nvW©Iq¨vi mdUIq¨vi M nvW©wW¯‹ N d¬wcwW¯‹ 98. †Kv‡bv cy¯Í‡Ki Ges cÖKvk‡Ki g‡a¨ eB gy`ªY I evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ wbw`©ó mg‡qi Pzw³ nq G‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K †UªWgvK© Pzw³ L †c‡U›U Pzw³ KwcivBU Pzw³ N jvB‡mÝ Pzw³ 99. wb‡Pi †KvbwU KwcivBU Pzw³i gva¨‡g wecYb Kiv hvq bv? (Abyaveb) K e¨v‡Ûi cY¨ L †Ljvi bvg M ZviKv‡`i bvg iO 100. Dcgnv‡`‡k KZ mv‡j cÖ_g KwcivBU AvBb cÖYxZ nq? (Ávb) K 1911 1912 M 1913 N 1914 101. evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb KwcivBU AvBbwU cÖPwjZ Av‡Q? (Ávb) 2000 L 2001 M 2002 N 2003 102. me©‡kl KZ mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k KwcivBU AvBb ms‡kvwaZ nq? (Ávb) K 2000 L 2001 2005 N 2009 103. KwcivBU AwaKvi i¶v bv Kiv n‡j †K ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq (Ávb)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 125 K miKvi L e¨enviKvix M ivR¯^ †evW© ¯^Z¡vwaKvix 104. †jL‡Ki RxebKvjxb I g„Zz¨i ci KZ eQi ch©šÍ KwcivBU msiw¶Z _v‡K? (Ávb) K 10 L 20 M 40 60 enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 105. KwcivBU Øviv msiw¶Z nq− (Abyaveb) i. Mí, bvUK, cÖeÜ ii. KweZv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨Kg©, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ iii. m½xZ, hš¿m½xZ, fv¯‹h©, ¯’vcZ¨ Kjv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 106. KwcivBU AvBb Pzw³c‡Î D‡jL _v‡KÑ (Abyaveb) i. †gqv` ii. †iwR‡÷ªkb iii. i‡qjwUi cwigvY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 107 I 108 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : b‡ib ivq Zvi KweZv cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ 2006 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi m„Rvb wcÖw›Us-Gi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nb| wKš‘ `yf©vM¨ekZ wZwb 2012 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi gviv hvb| 107. b‡ib ivq I m„Rvb wcÖw›Us-Gi ga¨Kvi Pzw³‡K †Kvb ai‡bi Pzw³ ejv nq? (cÖ‡qvM) K e¨emvwqK Pzw³ L d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³ M Askx`vwi‡Z¡i Pzw³ KwcivBU Pzw³ 108. b‡ib iv‡qi KwcivBUwU KZ mvj ch©šÍ msiw¶Z _vK‡e? (cÖ‡qvM) K 2065 L 2066 M 2071 2072 evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s Bbw÷wUDkb mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 109. †Kv‡bv we‡kl cY¨ Drcv`b I wecYb Ki‡Z PvB‡j Ges cÖPwjZ Ab¨ cY¨ †_‡K Avjv`v Ki‡Z PvB‡j Kx Ki‡Z nq? (D”PZi `¶Zv) K c¨vK Ki‡Z nq wbeÜb Ki‡Z nq M wegv Ki‡Z nq N weÁvcb w`‡Z nq 110. c‡Y¨i cÖZxK †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß cÖwZôv‡bi bvg Kx? (Ávb) K †ewmK L wewmK M weUvK weGmwUAvB 111. weGmwUAvB †Kvb gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb¯’ ms¯’v? (Ávb) K A_© wkí M ms¯’vcb N AvBb 112. c‡Y¨i gvb wbwðZKi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ †Kvb cÖwZôv‡bi? (Ávb) weGmwUAvB L †ewmK M wewmK N weUvK 113. wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx cY¨ Drcv`b bv Ki‡j weGmwUAvB Kx e¨e¯’v †bq? (D”PZi `¶Zv) wbeÜb evwZj K‡i L mZK© K‡i †`q M wKQyB e‡j bv N gvb wbwðZ Kivi ZvwM` †`b enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 114. weGmwUAvB-Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. RvZxq ch©v‡q c‡Y¨i gv‡bi e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv ii. ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q c‡Y¨i gv‡bi e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv iii. AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q c‡Y¨i gv‡bi e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 115. weGmwUAvB KZ©„c‡¶i ¶gZv n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. c‡Y¨i gvb wba©viY ii. cÖ`Ë gvb wPý mvgwqKfv‡e evwZj Kiv iii. cÖ`Ë gvb wPý ¯’vqxfv‡e evwZj Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii wegv I e¨emv‡q wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 116. e¨emv‡qi ÿwZi m¤¢vebv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K ÿwZ SzuwK M gybvdv N A_© 117. KqwU Kvi‡Y e¨emvq cÖwZôvb SzuwKi m¤§yLxb nq? (Ávb) `yBwU L wZbwU M PviwU N cuvPwU 118. †Kvb SzuwKwU‡Z Awgj cwijw¶Z nq? (Abyaveb) K Pzwi-WvKvwZ L AcniY M wQbZvB AwZe„wócvZ 119. e¨emvwqK SzuwK Kgv‡bvi DËg Dcvq †KvbwU? (Abyaveb) K wbewÜKiY L jvB‡mÝ MÖnY wegvKiY N cÖZxwKKiY 120. wegv Kx wn‡m‡e MY¨? (Ávb) K SzuwK L ¶wZ e¨emvq N PvKwi 121. †h Pzw³i gva¨‡g wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q SzuwK ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Abyaveb) K e¨emvq L PvKwi wegv N SzuwK ¯’vbvšÍi 122. wegvi KqwU c¶ _v‡K? (Ávb) `yB L wZb M Pvi N cuvP 123. †h e¨w³ wegv Pzw³ ¯^xK…wZ †`q Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K wegvMÖnxZv wegvKvix M wegv e¨emvqx N wegvi `vjvj 124. †h e¨w³ wegv Pzw³ m¤úv`b K‡i Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) wegvMÖnxZv L wegvKvix M wegvi `vjvj N wegv e¨emvqx 125. wegv Pzw³ †h `wjj Øviv m¤úvw`Z nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K Pzw³cÎ wegvcÎ M wegv wPwV N Av‡e`bcÎ 126. SzuwKRwbZ ¶wZc~iY cvIqvi cÖavb Dcvq Kx? (Ávb) K e¨vsK L FY wegv N wcÖwgqvg 127. eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k KZ mv‡ji wegv AvBb Pvjy i‡q‡Q? (Ávb) K 2004 L 2008 2010 N 2011 128. GKRb e¨emvqxi Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR †KvbwU? (Ávb) K cÖwgZKiY L weÁvcb SzuwK wbiƒcY N †gvowKKiY 129. cY¨ Drcv`b I weµ‡q eûwe` Kx we`¨gvb? (Ávb) K gybvdv L e¨q SzuwK N g~jab 130. wegv Kiv _vK‡j ¶wZ n‡j †K ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb K‡i? (Ávb) K wegvKvix L wegvMÖnxZv wegv cÖwZôvb N miKvi 131. wegvKvix cÖwZôvb Kx‡mi wewbg‡q ¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY w`‡q _v‡K? (Abyaveb) cÖvß wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q L FY MÖn‡Yi wewbg‡q M Kwgk‡bi wewbg‡q N AwMÖg MÖn‡Yi wewbg‡q 132. e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ mnvqK Kx? (Ávb) wegv L f‚wg M my` N gybvdv 133. wK bv _vK‡j A‡bK e¨emvqB cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq eÜ n‡q †hZ? (D”PZi `¶Zv) K †hvMv‡hvM wegv M e¨vsK N A_© 134. †KvbwU wegvi e¨emvwqK ¸i“Z¡ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq? (Ávb) K mÂq evov‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv L A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× wk‡íi wbivcËv cÖ`vb N Kg©ms¯’vb e„w× Kiv 135. †Kvb †ÿ‡Î Rxeb wegvMÖnxZv Zvi wegvK…Z A_© gybvdvmn †diZ cvq? (Abyaveb) †gqv` DËxY© n‡j L Pzw³ evwZj Ki‡j M g„Zz¨‡Z N wcÖwgqvg cwi‡kva bv Ki‡j enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 136. e¨emvq cÖwZôvb SzuwKi m¤§yLxb nq †hme Kvi‡Y− (Abyaveb) i. ivR‰bwZK ii. cÖvK…wZK iii. AcÖvK…wZK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 126 K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 137. e¨emv‡qi SzuwK n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. So ii. mvB‡K¬vb iii. AcniY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 138. e¨emv‡qi cÖvK…wZK SzuwK n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. eb¨v ii. Pzwi-WvKvwZ iii. AwZe„wó wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 139. ˆe‡`wkK e¨emv‡q SzuwKi KviYÑ (Abyaveb) i. g~j¨cÖvw߇Z AwbðqZv ii. cY¨ †cÖi‡Y wej¤^ iii.cY¨ msMÖ‡n wej¤^ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 140. wegvi cÖ‡qvRb nq− (Abyaveb) i. fwel¨r AwbðqZvi Rb¨ ii. eZ©gv‡b m”Qjfv‡e Pjvi Rb¨ iii.fwel¨‡Z m‡qi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 141. wegv e¨emvq †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK mg„wׇZ f‚wgKv iv‡L− (Abyaveb) i. ˆe‡`wkK evwY‡R¨i SzuwK enb K‡i Gi cÖmv‡i mnvqZv K‡i ii. wcÖwgqvi wn‡m‡e cÖvß A_© Drcv`b D‡Ï‡k¨ wewb‡qvM K‡i wkívq‡b mnvqZv K‡i iii.wcÖwgqvg wn‡m‡e cÖvß A_© FY wn‡m‡e weZiY K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 142. cÖ‡Z¨K †`‡kB wegvi K`i †e‡o P‡j‡Q| KviY− (cÖ‡qvM) i. †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK wbivcËvi Rb¨ ii. A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ iii. wkí evwY‡R¨i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii wegvi cÖKvi‡f` mvaviY enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 143. KLb A‡b¨i Rxe‡bi Ici wegv Kiv hvq? (Abyaveb) K gybvdvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j L P‚ovšÍ mwØk¦vm _vK‡j M wcÖwgqvg cvevi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j wegv‡hvM¨ ¯^v_© _vK‡j 144. wegvMÖnxZvi g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z A_© cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K †hB wegv Pzw³ Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K †bŠ wegv L AwMœ wegv M `yN©Ubv wegv Rxeb wegv 145. Rxeb wegvi †¶‡Î wegvKvix wegvMÖnxZvi AvKw¯§K g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z UvKv Kv‡K cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖ“wZe×? (cÖ‡qvM) K wegvMÖnxZvi wcZv‡K L wegvMÖnxZvi gvZv‡K wegvMÖnxZvi g‡bvbxZ e¨w³‡K N wegvMÖnxZvi ¯¿x‡K 146. cwiev‡ii KZ©vi Rxeb wegv Kiv _vK‡j Zvi AKvj g„Zz¨‡Z †K ¶wZc~iY cv‡e? (Ávb) K Zvi ¯¿x L Zvi mšÍv‡biv Zvi g‡bvbxZ e¨w³ N Zvi wcZv 147. Rxeb wegv‡K wbðqZvi Pzw³ ejv nq †Kb? (Abyaveb) K wegvMÖnxZv wbwðZfv‡e wcÖwgqvg †`‡e e‡j L my`mn A_© †diZ cvIqv hv‡e e‡j wegv `vwe cvevi wbðqZv Av‡Q e‡j N wKw¯Í Abymv‡i e„wË cvIqv wbwðZ e‡j 148. AwMœRwbZ ÿwZi Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY `vb Kiv nq †h wegvq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (Ávb) K Rxeb wegv L †bŠ wegv AwMœ wegv N `yN©Ubv wegv 149. †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi RvnvR msµvšÍ wegv †Kvb wegvi AšÍfz©³? (Abyaveb) K RvnvR wegv †bŠ wegv M `yN©Ubv wegv N km¨ wegv 150. e¨w³i Rxeb ev m¤úwË webv‡ki SzuwK †Kvb wegvi AvIZvfz©³? (Ávb) K Rxeb wegv L †bŠ wegv `yN©Ubv wegv N km¨ wegv 151. e¨emvqx ev mvaviY †jvK Pzwi, WvKvwZ BZ¨vw` Øviv ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq| G ai‡bi ¶wZi wecix‡Z ¶wZc~iY cvIqvi wbwg‡Ë †Kvb ai‡bi wegv Kiv nq? (Abyaveb) `yN©Ubv wegv L ¶wZc~iY wegv M mZZv wegv N AcniY wegv 152. †Kvb wegvq mvgyw`ªK hvÎv †_‡K m„ó SzuwKi Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY †`Iqvi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`Iqv nq? (cÖ‡qvM) †bŠ wegv L AwMœ wegv M Rxeb wegv N `yN©Ubv wegv enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 153. ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ n‡jv− (Abyaveb) i. Rxeb wegv ii. †bŠ wegv iii. AwMœ wegv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 154. AwMœ wegv Kiv nq− (Abyaveb) i. c‡Y¨i Rb¨ ii. KviLvbvi Rb¨ iii. Nievwoi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 155. †bŠ wegv Kiv nq− (Abyaveb) i. Rj`my¨i SzuwK Gov‡bvi Rb¨ ii. SoSÅvi SzuwK Gov‡bvi Rb¨ iii. AwMœRwbZ SzuwK n«vm Kivi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 156. wegv wcÖwgqvg wegvKvixi jv‡f cwiYZ nq hLb wegvMÖnxZvi− (Abyaveb) i. †gqv` c~wZ© bv nq ii. ¶wZ bv nq iii. g„Zz¨ bv N‡U wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 157 I 158 bs cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wg. Avigvb GKRb Mv‡g©›Um e¨emvqx| Zv‡K wbR¯^ ¸`v‡g cÖPzi cY¨ gRyZ ivL‡Z nq| Zvi c‡Y¨i wbivcËvi K_v †f‡e wZwb wegv Ki‡jb| 157. wegv wg. Avigv‡bi e¨emv‡qi †Kvb ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i? (cÖ‡qvM) K A_© msµvšÍ L mgqMZ SzuwKMZ N A_©msµvšÍ 158. wg. Avigv‡bi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ †Kvb wegv cÖ‡hvR¨? (D”PZi `ÿZv) K Rxeb wegv L †bŠ wegv M km¨ wegv AwMœ wegv wbe©vwPZ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 159. eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb †KvbwU? AvBbMZ wewa-weavb L wegv M d«vbmvBR Pzw³ N wkíbxwZ 160. †Kv¤úvwb wbe܇Ki f‚wgKv cvjb K‡ib †K?
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 127 K wmwKDwiwUR GÛ G·‡PÄ Kwgkb †iwR÷ªvi Ae R‡q›U ÷K †Kv¤úvwb M †Rjv cÖkvmK N wefvMxq Kwgkbvi 161. †KvbwU cvIqvi ci †Kv¤úvwb Rb¥ jvf K‡i? K ¯§viKwjwc L cwi‡gj wbqgvewj wbeÜbcÎ N †kqv‡ii A_© 162. d«vbmvBwRs-G wb‡Pi †KvbwU AšÍfz©³? K JPC L PVC KFC N KSP 163. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ KqwU? wZbwU L mvZwU M bqwU N GMv‡ivwU 164. d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³ Kv‡`i g‡a¨ ¯^v¶wiZ nq? d«vbmvBRi I d«vbmvBwR L d«vbmvBRi I miKvi M d«vbmvBwR I miKvi N d«vbmvBwR I †µZv 165. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ Kx? K eªv‡ÛW cY¨ L c‡Y¨i ¯^xK…Z gvb A_© DcvR©b N cyuwR mieivn 166. d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³i e‡j d«vbmvBRi KLb Pzw³ evwZj Ki‡Z cv‡i? K d«vbmvBwRi Kvh© AwaKvi †`qvi Av‡MB d«vbmvBRvi wd `vwe Ki‡j d«vbmvBR‡ii gvb`Ê Abyhvqx e¨emvq mdj bv n‡j M e¨emv‡qi GjvKv wba©viY, AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j N d«vbmvBR‡ii †cÖwiZ cY¨ AwaK g~‡j¨ weµq Ki‡j 167. evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb mv‡ji †c‡U›U I wWRvBb AvBb Pvjy i‡h‡Q? K 1901 1911 M 2001 N 2011 168. BDwbwjfvi †Kv¤úvwbi ûBj mvev‡bi c¨v‡K‡U ûBj bv‡gi Dc‡i †QvÆ GKwU Bs‡iwR A¶i i‡q‡Q (R)| GwUi gva¨‡g †Kv¤úvwbwU Gi GK”QÎ AwaKvi msi¶Y K‡i| GLv‡b †QvÆ Bs‡iwR A¶i (R) Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? K †UªWgvK© †iwR÷vW© †UªWgvK© M †iwR‡÷ªkb N KwcivBU 169. A‡b¨i bv‡g eivÏK…Z cÖZxK †Kv‡bv e¨w³ e¨envi Ki‡Z PvB‡j Kvi AbygwZ cÖ‡qvRb? K †iwR÷v‡ii L cÖkvm‡bi †iwR÷ªvW© gvwj‡Ki N mswkó KZ©„c‡¶i 170. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb †`Iqv nq KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨? K cuvP eQi mvZ eQi M bq eQi N GMv‡iv eQi 171. eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k Pvjy †UªWgvK© AvBbwU KZ mv‡ji? K 1940 L 1999 2009 N 2011 172. wbe܇bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß cÖwZôvb n‡”QK BTSI L DCCI BSTI N FBCCI 173. eva¨Zvg~jK mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui AvIZvaxb c‡Y¨i ZvwjKv msi¶Y Kivi `vwqZ¡ †Kvb cÖwZôv‡bi? K †ewmK weGmwcAvB M weUvK N wewmK 174. †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi jvB‡mÝ evwZ‡ji KviY Kx? wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx cY¨ ˆZwi bv Kiv L wba©vwiZ msL¨vi †P‡q Kg cY¨ ˆZwi Kiv M wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i Kg g~‡j¨ cY¨ weµq Kiv N wba©vwiZ msL¨vi †P‡q †ewk cY¨ ˆZwi Kiv 175. Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i gvb wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb cÖwZôvb cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv K‡i _v‡K? K weUvK weGmwUAvB M †ewmK N wewmK 176. wK Qvov e¨emvq nq bv? K gybvdv L `¶ kªwgK SzuwK N AwaK wewb‡qvM 177. †KvbwU SzuwK msµvšÍ evav `~i K‡i? K cwienb L weÁvcb M e¨vswKs wegv 178. wegv GK cÖKvi Kx? e¨emvq L Pzw³ M SzuwK N `wjj 179. wegvMÖnxZv wegvKvix‡K Kx cÖ`vb K‡i? wcÖwgqvg L my` L gybvdv N e¨emvwqK gybvdv 180. wegv‡K Kx‡mi Pzw³ ejv nq? K gybvdv L ÿwZ SuzwK N A_© 181. †KvbwU wegv Pzw³i Acwinvh© kZ©? wegv‡hvM¨ ¯^v_© L wbivcËv M m¤ú` i¶v N m¤¢ve¨ NUbv D‡jL 182. eZ©gv‡b me©vwaK cÖPwjZ wegv KqwU? K wZbwU PviwU M cuvPwU N QqwU 183. †Kvb wegvi †¶‡Î ¶wZc~i‡Yi cwigvY wbY©q Kiv `ytmva¨? K AwMœ wegv L km¨wegv Rxeb wegv N †bŠ wegv 184. wegv e¨emv‡q me‡P‡q RbwcÖq †KvbwU? Rxeb wegv L †bŠ wegv M AwMœ wegv N `yN©Ubv wegv 185. †bŠ wegv Pzw³i `wjj‡K Kx ejv nq? †bŠ wegvcÎ L A½xKvibvgv M we‡kl wegvcÎ N fvmgvb wegvcÎ 186. d«vbmvBwRs-Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv− i. d«vbmvBwR I d«vbmvBR‡ii g‡a¨ Pzw³ ii. eªv‡ÛW cY¨ ev †mev iii. d«vbmvBRvi KZ©„K c‡Y¨i ¯^xK…Z gvb hvPvB wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 187. †gavm¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q− i. gvK© ev cÖZxK ii. †gvoK iii. bvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 188. cY¨ cÖZx‡Ki AšÍfz©³ n‡jvÑ i. eªvÛ ii. msL¨v hy³ Dcv`vb iii. †gvoK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 189. †bŠ wegvi welqe¯‘‡Z wegv‡hvM¨ ¯^v_© _v‡K− i. cY¨ †cÖiK ev c‡Y¨i gvwj‡Ki †cÖwiZ c‡Y¨i Ici ii. Rvnv‡Ri gvwj‡Ki RvnvR Ges fvovi Ici iii. wegvKvix e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi Ici wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 190. ˆe‡`wkK evwY‡R¨i m¤cÖmvi‡Y wegv mnvqZv K‡i− i. RvnvR fvov wegv K‡i ii. cY¨`ªe¨ wegv K‡i iii. RvnvR wegv K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii wb‡Pi Aby‡”QwU c‡o 191 I 192 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Pjw”PÎKvi AvgRv` †nv‡mb Zvi GKwU Pjw”PÎ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ †`‡ki wewfbœ wm‡bgv n‡ji gvwjK‡`i mv‡_ GKwU Pzw³ K‡i wm‡bgv cÖ`k©b K‡i †ek jvfevb nb| 191. Pjw”PÎKvi AvgRv` †nv‡mb †Kvb ai‡bi Pzw³ K‡ib? K †c‡U›U L †UªWgvK© KwcivBU N e¨emvwqK 192. AvgRv` †nv‡m‡bi Pzw³− i. e¨emv‡q mvdj¨ Avbq‡b mnvqZv K‡i ii. e¨emv‡q RbwcÖqZv AR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i iii. Ab¨ †KD Gi Øviv ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡j cÖwZKvi †c‡Z mnvqZv K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 128 G A a¨v‡q i c vV mg wš ^Z e nywb e ©vPwb c Ö‡k œvËi enyc`x mgvwßm~PK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 193. Kwc ivBUÑ (Abyaveb) i. GK ai‡bi eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` ii. wbeÜb bv Ki‡j Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤¢vebv _v‡K iii. Pzw³ cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi GKwU RbwcÖq Dcvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 194. cY¨ cÖZxK ev mvwf©m gvK©Ñ (Abyaveb) i. c‡Y¨i ¯^vZš¿¨Zv cÖKvk K‡i ii. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡q e¨eüZ nq iii. wegv e¨emv‡q e¨eüZ nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 195. wbeÜb K‡i †hme e¨emvq ïiæ Ki‡Z nqÑ (Abyaveb) i. †hŠ_g~jabx ii. d«vbmvBwRs iii. Askx`vwi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 196. Pzw³i welqwU RwoZÑ (Abyaveb) i. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡q ii. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q iii. wegv e¨emv‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 197. Avwid GKwU e„nr AvKv‡ii SuywKc~Y© e¨emvq ïiæ Ki‡Z Pvq| G‡ÿ‡Î Zvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡eÑ (cÖ‡qvM) i. KwcivBU wbeÜb Kivi ii. †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖ‡ni iii. wegv Pzw³ Kivi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 198. Rbve mvwg GKwU Mv‡g©Ý Gi gvwjK| wZwb Zvi e¨emv‡qi cY¨ Rvnv‡R K‡i †µZv‡`i wbKU cvVvb| Zvi e¨emvwqK SuywK n«v‡mi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbÑ (cÖ‡qvM) i. Rxeb wegv ii. AwMœ wegv iii. †bŠ wegv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 199. †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi gva¨‡g †hme m¤ú‡`i Ici gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ nq Zv n‡jvÑ (Abyaveb) i. †c‡U›U ii. KwcivBU iii. †UªWgvK© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 200. Avwgb GKwU d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq Avi¤¢ Kvi‡Z Pv‡”Q| GRb¨ Zv‡KÑ (cÖ‡qvM) i. Pzw³e× n‡Z n‡e ii. wbeÜb Ki‡Z n‡e iii. wbw`©ó cwigvY wd cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 201. e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K¸‡jv n‡jvÑ (Abyaveb) i. jvB‡mÝ ii. wbeÜb iii. †iwR‡÷ªkb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 202. e¨w³i Rxe‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wegv n‡jvÑ (Abyaveb) i. AwMœ wegv ii. Rxeb wegv iii. `yN©Ubv wegv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii 203. Avw_©K ÿwZi nvZ †_‡K iÿv †c‡Z mnvqZv K‡iÑ (Abyaveb) i. wegv Pzw³ ii. KwcivBU wbeÜb iii. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi Aby‡”QwU c‡o 204 I 205 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : mvwgi fv‡jv KweZv wj‡Lb| wZwb wb‡Ri †jLv GKwU KweZvi eB evRviRvZ K‡ib| eBwUi fv‡jv Pwn`v _vKvq wKQz Amvay †jvK eBwU Kwc K‡i evRviRvZ K‡i| d‡j mvwgi ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| cieZx©‡Z AvB‡bi kiYvcbœ n‡qI †Kv‡bv jvf nqwb| 204. †Kvb e¨e¯’vwU MÖnY Ki‡j mvwgi ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡Zb bv? (cÖ‡qvM) K †c‡U›U †iwR‡÷ªkb KwcivBU wbeÜb M †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb N _vbvq WvBwi 205. mvwg‡ii ÿwZMÖ¯Í nIqvi KviYÑ (D”PZi `ÿZv) i. e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ wewa-weavb bv Rvbv ii. KwcivBU wbeÜb bv Kiv iii. m¤ú` msiÿ‡Yi `ÿZvi Afve wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi Aby‡”QwU c‡o 206 I 207 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Rbve Rvwn` GKRb Pvj e¨emvqx| KviIqvbevRv‡i Zvi GKwU ¸`vg Ni Av‡Q| evRv‡i Av¸b jvM‡j Zvi ¸`vgNiwU cy‡o hvq| wKš‘ we‡kl ai‡bi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv wQj e‡j Zv‡K Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nqwb| 206. Rbve Rvwn‡`i M„nxZ we‡kl e¨e¯’vwU Kx wQj? (cÖ‡qvMv) wegv Pzw³ L FY Pzw³ M KwcivBU wbeÜb N †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb 207. D³ e¨e¯’vwU e¨envi Kiv hvqÑ (D”PZi `ÿZv) i. e¨emvq evwY‡R¨ ii. e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b iii. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii Abykxjbxi m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ-1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : evwl©K cixÿvi ci Bmgvg nvwZqv †_‡K XvKvq †eov‡Z G‡jv| K‡jR co–qv gvgv‡Zv fvB‡qi mv‡_ wPwoqvLvbv, b‡fvw_‡qUvi, RvZxq Rv`yNimn wewfbœ `k©bxq GjvKv Ny‡i †eovj| Bmgvg jÿ Kij Zvi fvB †hLv‡b hvq, †mLv‡b GKB bv‡g GKwU †i÷z‡i‡›U LvIqv- `vIqv K‡i| KviY wRÁvmv K‡i †m Rvb‡Z cvij GwU GKwU we‡`wk
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 129 †i÷z‡i›U| evsjv‡`‡ki eo kni¸‡jv‡Z GwUi kvLv Av‡Q| Z‡e G RvZxq e¨emvq GLbI evsjv‡`‡k RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡iwb| K. KZ mv‡ji †UªWgvK©m AvBb eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k Pvjy Av‡Q? L. KwcivBU ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| M. DÏxc‡Ki †i÷z‡i›U e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v Ki| N. G RvZxq e¨emv‡qi RbwcÖqZv evov‡Z KiYxq m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 1bs cª‡kœi DËi K. 2009 mv‡ji †UªWgvK©m AvBb eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k Pvjy Av‡Q| L. KwcivBU GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` hv iÿv Kivi e¨e¯’v bv Ki‡j Gi ¯^Z¡vwaKvix ev gvwjK ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| KwcivB‡Ui gva¨‡g mvwnZ¨, wkíKg© I Ab¨vb¨ wkíKjv m„wóKvix‡K Zvi m„ó †gavm¤ú` e¨env‡ii GK”QÎ AwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Mí, bvUK, cÖeÜ, KweZvq RvZxq mvwnZ¨Kg©, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ, msMxZ, hš¿ msMxZ, fv¯‹h©, ¯’vcZ¨Kjv, Kw¤úDUvi mdUIq¨vi KwcivBU Øviv msiwÿZ nq| KwcivBU Pzw³ cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU RbwcÖq Dcvq| M. DÏxc‡Ki †i÷z‡i›U e¨emvqwU GK ai‡bi d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq| eZ©gv‡b d«vbmvBwRs GKwU RbwcÖq e¨emvq c×wZ| †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg e¨envi Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K d«vbmvBwRs ejv nq| e¨vÛ eK&m †Kv¤úvwb, wc¾vnvU, †KGdwm BZ¨vw` G e¨emv‡qi D`vniY| DÏxc‡Ki Bmgvg XvKvq †eov‡Z G‡m `k©bxq ¯’vb Ny‡i †`Lvi mgq jÿ Kij Zvi gvgv‡Zv fvB †hLv‡b hvq, †mLv‡b GKB bv‡g GKwU †i÷z‡i‡›U Lvevi Lvq| †m KviY wRÁvmv Ki‡j Rvb‡Z cv‡i GwU GKwU we‡`wk †i÷z‡i›U| G RvZxq e¨emv‡qi `ywU cÿ d«vbmvBRvi I d«vbmvBwRi g‡a¨ Pzw³ ¯^vÿwiZ nq| GB Pzw³i e‡j d«vbmvBwR d«vbmvBR‡ii cY¨ ev †mev weµ‡qi AwaKvi cvq| G Rb¨ d«vbmvBwR‡K wbw`©ó A‡¼i wd cÖ`vb Ki‡Z nq| e¨emvq n‡Z A_© DcvR©‡bi D‡Ïk¨‡K gyL¨ we‡ePbv K‡i Dfqcÿ G Pzw³ m¤úv`b K‡i _v‡K| DÏxc‡Ki †i÷z‡i‡›Ui †ÿ‡Î G ai‡bi ˆewkó¨ _vKvq GwU d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi AšÍfz©³| N. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi RbwcÖqZv evov‡Z G RvZxq e¨emv‡qi my‡hvM myweavi w`K¸‡jv cÖPvimn †ek wKQy ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq we‡`‡k RbwcÖqZv jvf Ki‡jI evsjv‡`‡k GLbI †Zgb cwiwPwZ jvf K‡iwb| d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi gva¨‡g e¨emvq ïiæ Kivi A‡bK¸‡jv myweav Av‡Q| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ eª¨v‡Ûi cY¨, evRviRvZKiY myweav, Kg©Pvix‡`i cÖwkÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v, d«vbmvBR‡ii KvQ †_‡K e¨emvq msµvšÍ civgk© †bIqv cÖf„wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨| DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvqwU GjvKvwfwËK ¯’vwcZ n‡q _v‡K| ZvB †`‡ki cÖwZwU eo eo kn‡ii †K›`ª¯’‡j cÖ‡qvRbxq kvLv †Lvjvi cvkvcvwk †Rjv kni¸‡jv‡ZI kvLv Lyj‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î we‡`wk †Kv¤úvwbwU‡K e¨emvq cÖmv‡ii Rb¨ Pzw³c‡Îi kZ© bgbxq Ki‡Z n‡e| AbyK‚j e¨emvwqK cwi‡ek, cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖPvi, weÁvcb, c‡Y¨i ¸Yv¸Y mevi mvg‡b Zz‡j aivi gva¨‡g d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq‡K RbwcÖq Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov G cÖKvi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ cÖPzi A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©vq‡bi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| d«vbmvBwR ïay IB AvB‡Ugmg~n weµq Ki‡Z cvi‡e hv d«vbmvBRi MÖnY‡hvM¨ g‡b K‡i| ZvB h_v‡hvM¨ AvB‡Ug wbe©vPbI RbwcÖqZv AR©‡bi GKwU Dcvq| d«vbmvBwRs-Gi †ÿ‡Î evRviRvZKiY e¨e¯’vi Ici h‡_ó Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB e¨emv‡qi RbwcÖqZv evov‡bv m¤¢e n‡e| myZivs DcwiD³ c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡j we‡`‡ki g‡Zv evsjv‡`‡kI d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi RbwcÖqZv evo‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| cÖkœ-2 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : Rbve meyR GKRb D™¢veK| wZwb `xN©w`b M‡elYv K‡i Ggb GKwU †mŠikw³ PvwjZ cvwb †m‡Pi hš¿ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †hwU evRv‡i cÖPwjZ Ab¨vb¨ †mP hš¿ †_‡K Avjv`v| RvZxq weÁvb †gjvq AskMÖnY K‡i GwU cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i| wZwb GwU evwYwR¨K wfwˇZ Drcv`b K‡i evRv‡i Qv‡ob Ges e¨vcK mvov cvb| wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨B Ab¨ GKwU cÖwZwôZ †Kv¤úvwb Zvi G hš¿ bKj K‡i evRviRvZ K‡i| wKš‘ wZwb H †Kv¤úvwbi weiæ‡× gvgjv K‡iI AvBbMZ †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v wb‡Z cv‡ibwb| K. cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi b~¨bZg cÖeZ©K KZ Rb? L. jvB‡mÝ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? eY©bv Ki| M. Rbve mey‡Ri cvwb †mP hš¿wU †Kvb m¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³? e¨vL¨v Ki| N. Rbve meyR †Kv‡bv AvBwb mnvqZv bv cvIqvi KviY we‡kølY Ki| 2bs cª‡kœi DËi K. cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi b~¨bZg cÖeZ©K `yB Rb| L. †h‡Kv‡bv e¨emvq ïiæ Kivi Av‡M mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi KvQ †_‡K Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z nq ev wbeÜb Ki‡Z nq hv jvB‡mÝ bv‡g cwiwPZ| jvB‡mÝ Kivi c×wZ wewfbœ iK‡gi| GKK gvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †ÿ‡Î hw` Gi Ae¯’vb †cŠi GjvKvi wfZ‡i nq Zvn‡j †cŠi KZ…©c‡ÿi Ges †cŠi GjvKvi evB‡i n‡j mswkøó †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi KvQ †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn Ki‡Z nq| evsjv‡`‡k Askx`vwi e¨emvq wbeÜb eva¨Zvg~jK bq| jvB‡m‡Ýi Rb¨ e¨emvqx‡K wbw`©ó nv‡i wd Rgv w`‡Z nq| M. Rbve mey‡Ri cvwb †mP hš¿wU †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³| †gavm¤ú` n‡jv gbb I †gav Øviv m„ó KvR| e¨emvq wk‡í ev evwY‡R¨ cÖ‡qvM Dc‡hvMx Avwe®‹vi, mvwnZ¨ I wkíKg©, bKkv, cÖZxK, bvg BZ¨vw` †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³| wkí ev e¨emvq D‡`¨v³vi †gavm¤ú` ej‡Z †mme g~j¨evb m¤ú`‡K †evSvq hv †m `xN©w`b cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q D™¢veb K‡i‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve meyR GKRb D™¢veK| wZwb GKwU †mŠikw³ PvwjZ cvwb †m‡Pi hš¿ Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb| GwU evRv‡i cÖPwjZ Ab¨vb¨ †mP hš¿ †_‡K Avjv`v| †mP hš¿wU D™¢veb Kivi Rb¨ meyR `xN© mgq I †gav e¨q K‡i‡Qb| djkÖæwZ‡Z me©Rb bw›`Z cvwbi †mP hš¿wU D™¢veb Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| ZvB Rbve mey‡Ri Avwe®‹…Z †mP hš¿wU †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³| N. Rbve mey‡Ri Avwe®‹…Z hš¿wU Zvi bv‡g †c‡U›U Kiv bv _vKvq wZwb †Kv‡bv AvBwb mnvqZv cvbwb| †c‡U›U n‡jv GK ai‡bi †gavm¤ú`| †c‡U‡›Ui gva¨‡g Avwe®‹v‡ii Rb¨ Avwe®‹viK‡K Zvi ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 130 G‡¶‡Î cY¨ ev †mevi D™¢veK ev Avwe®‹viK I miKv‡ii g‡a¨ Pzw³ nq| Avwe®‹viK‡K †c‡U›UwU cÖ`v‡bi A_© n‡jv wbw`©ó mg‡q Ab¨ †KD GwU ˆZwi, e¨envi Ges weµq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve meyR GKRb D™¢veK| wZwb `xN©w`b M‡elYv K‡i Ggb GKwU †mŠikw³ PvwjZ cvwb †m‡Pi hš¿ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †hwU evRv‡i cÖPwjZ Ab¨vb¨ †mP hš¿ †_‡K Avjv`v| wZwb GwU evwYwR¨KwfwˇZ Drcv`b K‡i evRv‡i Qv‡ob Ges e¨vcK mvov cvb| wKš‘ wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨B Ab¨ GKwU cÖwZwôZ †Kv¤úvwb Zvi G hš¿ bKj K‡i evRviRvZ K‡i| d‡j wZwb Avw_©Kfv‡e ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nb| G‡ÿ‡Î meyR gvgjv K‡i †Kv‡bv AvBwb mnvqZv cvbwb| KviY meyR Zvi D™¢vweZ hš¿wUi c¨v‡U›U K‡ibwb| wKš‘ wZwb hw` Zvi D™¢vweZ hš¿wUi †c‡U›U Ki‡Zb Zvn‡j †Kv‡bv Amvay e¨emvqx Zvi cwikªgjä D™¢veb bKj ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q ˆZwi ev wewµ K‡i Avw_©K myweav AR©b Ki‡Z cviZ bv| myZivs ejv hvq, Rbve mey‡Ri AvBwb mnvqZv bv cvIqvi g~j KviY n‡jv †c‡U›U bv _vKv| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ-3 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : BwÄwbqvwis co–qv mygb weÁvb †gjv †_‡K GKwU j¨vcUc µq Ki‡jb| j¨vcUc wb‡q mygb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi K¬v‡m hvIqvi ci Zvi eÜziv †`Lj Zvi j¨vcU‡ci Dci GKwU wPý Ges †Kv¤úvwbi bvg †jLv| G¸‡jv †`‡L mygb Ges Zvi eÜziv eyS‡Z cvij wPýwUB cY¨wU‡K Ab¨ cY¨ n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ K‡i‡Q| Giƒc j¨vcU‡ci cÖPzi Pvwn`v _vKvq ÔXÕ †KvsI GKB wPý e¨envi Ki‡j cÖK…Z Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvb ÔXÕ †Kvs Gi weiæ‡× gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i ÿwZc~iY Av`vq K‡ib| K. mgev‡qi kvwãK A_© Kx? 1 L. ivóªxq e¨emvq Kv‡K e‡j? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. j¨vcU‡c e¨eüZ wPýwUi eY©bv `vI| 3 N. ÔXÕ †Kvs DÏxc‡K GKB wPý e¨envi Kivq ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ n‡jb †Kb? we‡kølY Ki| 4 3bs cª‡kœi DËi K. mgev‡qi kvwãK A_© n‡jv mw¤§wjZ D‡`¨v‡M ev cÖ‡Póvq KvR Kiv| L. miKvi KZ…©K MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z e¨emvq‡K ivóªxq e¨emvq e‡j| Giƒc e¨emvq ivóª KZ…©K cÖwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi e¨w³gvwjKvbvaxb †h †Kv‡bv e¨emvq‡K ivóªxq cÖ‡qvR‡b RvZxqKi‡Yi gva¨‡g ivóªxq e¨emv‡q iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡Z cv‡i| RbM‡Yi ¯^v_© msiÿY Kivi Rb¨B ivóªxq e¨emvq msMVb MwVZ nq| M. myg‡bi j¨vcU‡c e¨eüZ wPýwU H c‡Y¨i cÖZxK ev †UªWgvK©| cY¨ cÖZxK ev †UªWgvK© n‡jv Ggb GKwU wPý hvi gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv cY¨‡K A‡b¨i Abyiƒc ev Awfbœ cY¨ n‡Z Avjv`v ev ¯^Zš¿ Kiv nq| ¯^vZš¿¨ZvB gvK© ev cÖZx‡Ki g~j welq| wWfvBm, eªvÛ, wk‡ivbvg, †j‡ej, wU‡KU, bvg, ¯^vÿi, kã, Aÿi, cÖZxK ev G¸‡jvi †h‡Kv‡bv iƒc mgš^q cÖZx‡Ki AšÍfz©³ n‡e| DÏxc‡K myg‡bi j¨vcU‡c e¨eüZ wPýwUi gva¨‡g ïaygvÎ H †Kv¤úvwbi cY¨‡KB †evSv‡e| †UªWgvK© e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †Kv¤úvwb Zvi wbR¯^ c‡Y¨i Ici GK”QÎ AwaKvi jvf K‡i| †Kv¤úvwbi gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H wPý ev cÖZxK e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| fwel¨Z wbivcËvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU †Kv¤úvwb‡KB wb‡R‡`i c‡Y¨i ¯^vZš¿¨Zv iÿv Ges myiÿvi Rb¨ †UªWgvK© Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| N. ÔXÕ †Kvs Ab¨ cÖwZôv‡bi GKB wPý Zvi c‡Y¨ e¨envi Kivq ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ n‡jb KviY H cÖwZôvb Zv‡`i †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb K‡i †i‡LwQj| †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb H cY¨ ev †mevi †ÿ‡Î cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii wel‡q †iwR÷vW© gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i| †iwR÷vW© gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| G AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j Av`vj‡Z gvgjv K‡i cÖwZKvi cvIqv hv‡e| DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, Ab¨ GKwU †Kv¤úvwbi j¨vcU‡ci cÖPzi Pvwn`v _vKvq ÔXÕ †KvsI GKB wPý e¨envi K‡i j¨vcUc Drcv`b I evRviRvZ K‡i| wKš‘ H wPý ev cÖZxKwU cÖK…Z Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôv‡bi bv‡g †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv wQj| ZvB †UªWgvK© AvBb Abyhvqx H GKB wPý ev cÖZxKwU Ab¨ Kv‡ivi e¨envi Kivi my‡hvM †bB| Avi AvBb f½ K‡i †KD hw` Zv e¨envi K‡i Ges G Kvi‡Y cÖZxKwUi cÖK…Z gvwjK Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nb Zvn‡j wZwb AvBb f½Kvixi KvQ †_‡K ÿwZc~iY Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †m Kvi‡Y wPý ev cÖZxKwUi gvwjK cÖK…Z Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvbwU ÔXÕ †Kvs Gi weiæ‡× †UªWgvK© bKj Kivi `v‡q gvgjv K‡i ÿwZc~iY Av`v‡qi `vwe K‡ib| AvBb Øviv Zvi GB AwaKvi myiwÿZ wQj| ZvB ÔXÕ †Kvs‡K ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ n‡jb| myZivs ÔXÕ †Kvs cÖK…Z Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôv‡bi AbygwZ Qvov †iwR÷vW©K…Z wPý e¨envi Kivq Zv‡K ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| AwZwi³ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ-4 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : Av‡gwiKvi †KGdwm evsjv‡`k UªvÝKg MÖæ‡ci mv‡_ Pzw³e× nq GB e‡j, †KGdwmÕi dv÷dzW AvB‡Ug UªvÝKg MÖæc ˆZwi K‡i †KGdwm bv‡g G‡`‡k wewµ Ki‡e| Pzw³‡Z D‡jøL Kiv nq gvwmK weµ‡qi Ici UªvÝKg MÖæc †KGdwm‡K wbw`©ó cwigvY wd cÖ`vb Ki‡e| G‡Z DfqcÿB evRviRvZKiY myweav †fvM K‡i| K. d«vbmvBwR †K? 1 L. e¨emv‡qi cÖv_wgK Kvh© ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 M. †KGdwm Ges UªvÝKg MÖæ‡ci g‡a¨ †Kvb ai‡bi Pzw³ m¤úvw`Z n‡q‡Q Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Pzw³i d‡j UªvÝKg MÖæc †h myweav †fvM Ki‡e Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 4bs cª‡kœi DËi
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 131 K. whwb d«vbmvBR‡ii cY¨ ev †mev wewµ ev weZi‡Yi AwaKvi cvb Zv‡K d«vbmvBwR e‡j| L. GKwU e¨emvq ïi“ Kivi c~‡e© GKRb D‡`¨v³v‡K †h mKj KvR m¤úv`b Ki‡Z nq Zv‡K e¨emv‡qi cÖv_wgK Kvh©vewj e‡j| cÖv_wgK Kvh©vewji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q e¨emvq wbewÜKiY, e¨emv‡qi jvB‡mÝ msMÖn, KviLvbvi Aby‡gv`b, kªg AvBb m¤ú‡K© aviYv †bIqv cÖf„wZ| Z‡e e¨emv‡qi aib Abyhvqx cÖv_wgK KvR¸‡jv wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| M. †KGdwm Ges UªvÝKg MÖæ‡ci g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³wU n‡jv d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³| e¨emvq ¯’vcb I cwiPvjbvi †¶‡Î eZ©gv‡b d«vbmvBwRs c×wZwU e¨vcK RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i‡Q| †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg e¨envi Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K d«vbmvBwRs e‡j| DÏxc‡K Av‡gwiKvi †KGdwm Ges evsjv‡`‡ki UªvÝKg MÖæc GKwU Pzw³‡Z Ave× nq| G Pzw³i d‡j †KGdwmi eªv‡Ûi cY¨ dv÷dz‡Wi AvB‡Ugmg~n UªvÝKg MÖæc evsjv‡`‡k weµq Ki‡e| Z‡e G ai‡bi weµ‡qi myweav cvIqvi Rb¨ UªvÝKg MÖæc †KGdwm‡K wbw`©ó nv‡i wd cÖ`vb Ki‡e| †KGdwm KZ…©K wb‡qvwRZ gwbUwis KZ…©cÿ Pzw³ Abyhvqx UªvÝKg MÖæc †KGdwmi gvb Abyhvqx Zv‡`i cY¨ weµq n‡”Q wKbv Zv hvPvB Ki‡e| UªvÝKg MÖæcwU evsjv‡`‡k cY¨ weµq Ki‡jI cY¨ ev eªv‡Ûi bvg †KGdwmB _vK‡e| Gme ˆewk‡ó¨i Av‡jv‡K ejv hvq †KGdwm Ges UªvÝKg MÖæ‡ci g‡a¨ d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³ m¤úvw`Z n‡q‡Q| N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Pzw³i d‡j UªvÝKg MÖæc †ek wKQz myweav †m †fvM Ki‡e| d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq `ywU c‡ÿi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³i gva¨‡g ïiæ nq| GKwU cÿ d«vbmvBRvi Ab¨ cÿwU d«vbmvBwRs| DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †KGdwm Ges UªvÝKg MÖæ‡ci gva¨‡g m¤úvw`Z Pzw³wU d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³| G Pzw³i d‡j UªvÝKg MÖæc †ekwKQz myweav †fvM Ki‡e| G‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv cÖwZôvbwU †KGdwmi eªv‡Ûi cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi myweav cv‡e| evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †KGdwmi mnvqZv cv‡e| evsjv‡`‡k e¨emvq Kivi †ÿ‡Î †KGdwm cÖ‡qvRbxq civgk© I mn‡hvwMZv UªvÝKg MÖæc‡K cÖ`vb Ki‡e| d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³ nIqvi d‡j †h‡Kv‡bv mgq cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©vq‡bi e¨e¯’v Kivi †ÿ‡ÎI mnvqZv cv‡e| mvwe©Kfv‡e DwjøwLZ myweavmg~n cvIqvi gva¨‡g UªvÝKg MÖæc Zv‡`i e¨emvq mdjfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, UªvÝKg MÖæc †KGdwm †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³ Kivq e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î DcwiD³ myweav¸‡jv cv‡e| cÖkœ -5 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : gvKmy` Avjg evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb bvgKiv cÖeÜK| wZwb Zvi bZzb †jLv GKwU cÖeÜ gy`ªY I evRviRvZKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKRb cÖKvk‡Ki mv‡_ Pzw³ K‡ib fwel¨‡Zi m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z wZwb Zvi Pzw³cÎwU †iwRw÷ª K‡i iv‡Lb| d‡j hv‡Z wZwb wbwe©‡Nœ cÖeÜwU evRv‡i weµq Ki‡Z cv‡ib G‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡K †Kv‡bv ai‡bi ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nqwb| K. mvwf©m gvK© Kx? 1 L. wegv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 M. gvKmy` Avjg I cÖKvk‡Ki g‡a¨ †Kvb ai‡bi Pzw³ n‡q‡Q? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. †gavm¤ú` msiÿ‡Yi h_vh_ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kivi Kvi‡YB gvKmy` Avjg †Kv‡bv ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nbwb Zzwg wK Gi mv‡_ GKgZ? Dˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4 5bs cª‡kœi DËi K. e¨emvi †ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv †mev‡K A‡b¨i Abyiƒc ev Awfbœ †mev †_‡K Avjv`v Kivi j‡ÿ¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K mvwf©m gvK© e‡j| L. Rxeb I m¤ú‡` SzuwK RwoZ| Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ †h mKj SzuwK RwoZ Zv wcÖwgqvg cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g A‡b¨i Ici Awc©Z Kiv‡K wegv e‡j| A_©vr SzuwK eȇbi GKwU cÖwµqvi bvg n‡jv wegv| wegv SuywKi weiæ‡× cÖwZiÿv e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zv‡j| M. gvKmy` Avjg I cÖKvk‡Ki g‡a¨ KwcivBU Pzw³ n‡q‡Q| hLb †Kv‡bv cy¯Í‡Ki †jLK Ges cÖKvk‡Ki g‡a¨ cy¯ÍK gy`ªY I evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ wbw`©ó mg‡qi Pzw³ nq ZLb G‡K KwcivBU Pzw³ e‡j| Giƒc Pzw³c‡Î mgq, i‡qjwUi cwigvY cÖf…wZ D‡jøL _v‡K| DÏxc‡K gvKmy` Avjg GKRb cÖeÜ †jLK| wZwb wKQz cÖeÜ wj‡L gy`ªY I evRviRvZKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKRb cÖKvk‡Ki mv‡_ Pzw³ K‡ib| hv‡Z wZwb wbwe©‡Nœ cÖeÜwU GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ GK‡PwUqvfv‡e evRv‡i weµq Ki‡Z cv‡ib| A_©vr Pzw³wUi gva¨‡g gvKmy` Avjg‡K Zvi m„ó †gavm¤ú` e¨env‡ii GK”QÎ AwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv| myZivs mew`K we‡ePbvq ejv hvq Pzw³wU KwcivBU Pzw³| N. †gavm¤ú` msiÿ‡Yi Dcvq h_vh_fv‡e cvj‡bi Kvi‡YB gvKmy` Avjg †Kv‡bv ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nbwb e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| KwcivBU n‡jv GK cÖKvi eyw×e„wËK ev †gavm¤ú` hv iÿv Kivi e¨e¯’v bv Ki‡j ¯^Z¡vwaKvix ev gvwjK ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| KwcivB‡Ui gva¨‡g mvwnZ¨, wkíKg© I Ab¨vb¨ wkíKjv m„wóKvix‡K Zvi m„ó †gavm¤ú` e¨env‡ii GK”QÎ AwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Mí, bvUK, cÖeÜ, wPÎKg©, msMxZ cÖf…wZ KwcivBU Øviv msiwÿZ nq| †jLK Zvi cÖeÜ gy`ªY I evRviRvZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖKvk‡Ki mv‡_ KwcivBU Pzw³ K‡ib| KwcivBU Pzw³ †iwRw÷ª Kiv _vK‡j †jL‡Ki Avw_©K ÿwZi †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv _v‡K bv| DÏxc‡K gvKmy` Avjg Zvi †jLv GKwU cÖeÜ gy`ªY I evRviRvZ Kivi Rb¨ GKRb cÖKvk‡Ki mv‡_ KwcivBU Pzw³ K‡i‡Qb| fwel¨‡Zi ÿwZi K_v wPšÍv K‡i wZwb Zvi Pzw³cÎwU †iwRw÷ª K‡i‡Qb| ZvB cÖKvkK hw` †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Pzw³ f½ K‡i Ges †m Kvi‡Y Zvi Avw_©Kfv‡e ÿwZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv †`Lv †`q Zvn‡j wZwb †Kv‡U© cÖwZKvi PvB‡Z cvi‡eb| cÖKvkKI ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ _vK‡eb| Gme Z_¨ cÖKvk‡KiI Rvbv wQj weavq wZwb Pzw³ Abyhvqx gvKmy` Avj‡gi cÖeÜwU gy`ªY I evRviRvZ K‡i‡Qb| cÖKvkK Pzw³i kZ©vewj h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Kivq gvKmy` Avjg‡K †Kv‡bv ai‡bi ÿwZi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nqwb| myZivs ejv hvq, gvKmy` Avjg Zvi KwcivBU Pzw³wU †iwRw÷ª Kivq Z_v †gavm¤ú` msiÿ‡Yi Dchy³ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kivq †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nqwb| cÖkœ -6 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 132 wg. gIjv mvfvi Uª¨v‡RwW-†Z gviv hvb| ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci ¯¿x †n‡jbv †eMg w`‡knviv n‡q hvb wZb mšÍvb wb‡q| c‡i wZwb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib wg. gIjv ¯¿x-mšÍvb‡`i fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i GK eQi Av‡M GKwU wegv Pzw³ K‡iwQ‡jb| wg. gIjvi g‡Zv ivbv cøvRvi gvwjK hw` Zvi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi wegv K‡i ivL‡Zb AvR wZwbI DcK…Z n‡Zb| K. cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi b~b¨Zg cÖeZ©K KqRb? 1 L. eªv‡ÛW cY¨ ev †mev ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 M. wg. gIjv †Kvb ai‡bi wegv K‡iwQ‡jb? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. ivbv cøvRvi gvwj‡Ki g‡Zv e¨emvqx‡`i wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv we‡kølY Ki| 4 6bs cª‡kœi DËi K. cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi b~b¨Zg cÖeZ©K mvZRb| L. eª¨vÛ n‡Z cv‡i bvg, wPý, cÖZxK, Qwe BZ¨vw`| †Kv‡bv we‡kl cÖZxK, wPý ev bvg Øviv hLb †Kv‡bv we‡kl cÖwZôvb ev cY¨‡K †evSv‡bv nq ZLb Zv‡K eª¨vÛ e‡j| eª¨vÛ †Kv¤úvwb KZ©„K Drcvw`Z ev mieivnK…Z cY¨ ev †mev‡K eª¨v‡ÛW cY¨ ev †mev ejv nq| †hgb : A¨vcj †Kv¤úvwbi j¨vcUc, †KGdwmi wc¾v BZ¨vw`| M. wg. gIjv Rxeb wegv K‡iwQ‡jb| †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvKvix wegv wKw¯Íi wewbg‡q wegv MÖnYKvix e¨w³‡K ev Zvi wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ ev DËivwaKvix‡K GKwU we‡kl mg‡qi ci ev wegvMÖnxZvi g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z A_© cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K †mB wegv Pzw³‡KB Rxeb wegv e‡j| G wegvi welqe¯‘ n‡”Q gvby‡li Rxeb| DÏxc‡K wg. gIjv ¯¿xmšÍvb‡`i fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i GKwU wegv Pzw³i K‡iwQ‡jb| GB Pzw³ Kivi GK eQi ci mvfvi Uªv‡RwW-†Z wZwb gviv hvb| wegv Pzw³ Abyhvqx wegv †Kv¤úvwb wg. gIjvbvi g‡bvbxZ e¨w³‡K wegvi A_© cÖ`vb Ki‡e| G‡Z Zvi Ici wbf©ikxj e¨w³eM© AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi nvZ n‡Z iÿv cv‡e| ZvB mew`K we‡ePbvq ejv hvq, wg. gIjvi †h wegvwU K‡iwQ‡jb Zv n‡jv Rxeb wegv| N. ivbv cøvRvi gvwj‡Ki g‡Zv e¨emvqx‡`i wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwimxg| gvbe Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i Avw_©K SzuwKi wec‡ÿ cÖwZiÿvg~jK e¨e¯’vB n‡jv wegv e¨e¯’v| e¨emv‡qi SzuwKMZ cÖwZeÜKZv I weivRgvb AwbðqZv `yi K‡i e¨emvq‡K wbiew”Qbœfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Lye †ewk| DÏxc‡K mvfv‡i ivbv cøvRvi gvwjK Zvi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi wegv K‡ibwb| ivbv mv‡n‡ei e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ hw` wegv Kiv _vKZ Zvn‡j wZwb AvR A‡bK DcK…Z n‡Z cvi‡Zb| e¨emv‡qi †ÿ‡Î SzuwK I AwbwðqZv IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ| Giƒc SzuwKi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Qb ivbv mv‡ne| Zvi e¨emv‡qi wegv Kiv _vK‡j Giƒc SuywKi wec‡ÿ wZwb Avw_©K AwbwðqZv †c‡Zb| wegv cÖwZôvb e¨emvqx‡`i mvnv‡h¨ SzuwKc~Y© Lv‡Z wewb‡qv‡M GwM‡q Av‡m| GQvovI ˆe‡`wkK e¨emv‡q SzuwKi cwigvYI †ewk _v‡K| G Ae¯’vq wegvKvix e¨emvqx‡`i iÿvi †Póv K‡i| d‡j ˆe‡`wkK e¨emv‡qi Dbœqb N‡U| e¨emv‡qi Dbœq‡bi cvkvcvwk wegv Kg©x‡`i gv‡SI AvMÖn m„wó K‡i| hLb Kg©xiv e¨emv‡qi SzuwKi gvÎv Kg †`‡Lb ZLb Zviv DrmvwnZ nb| GQvov Kg©x‡`i MÖæc wegvi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡j Kg©xiv DrmvwnZ nb| myZivs ejv hvq, wegv e¨emvqx‡`i SzuwK wbim‡b Avw_©K wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i; hvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwimxg| cÖkœ-7 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : mvMi XvKv wmwU K‡j‡Ri QvÎ| †m cÖwZw`b ev‡m gwZwSj n‡q evmvq †d‡i| iv¯Ívq R¨vg _vKvq †m Kx Avi Ki‡e `yÕcv‡ki mvBb‡evW©¸‡jv c‡o| †m `yBwU mvBb‡evW© †`L‡Z †cj| GKwU‡Z †jLv cÙv jvBd Bbmy¨‡iÝ †Kv¤úvwb, AciwU †MvgZx Bbmy¨‡iÝ †Kv¤úvwb| †m Av‡MB c‡o‡Q wegv cÖavbZ `yB cÖKvi| DfqB ¶wZi wec‡¶ Avw_©K cÖwZi¶v e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zv‡j| K. wegv Pzw³ Kx? 1 L. wcÖwgqvg ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. mvMi cÖ_‡g †h wegv †Kv¤úvwbi mvBb‡evW©wU c‡o‡Q Zv †Kvb ai‡bi wegv? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. Zzwg wK g‡b Ki mvM‡ii †`Lv wØZxq wegv †Kv¤úvwb e¨emvq-evwY‡R¨ mnvqK? gZvgZ `vI| 4 7bs cª‡kœi DËi K. †h Pzw³i gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb ev †Kv¤úvwb KZ©„K wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó e¨w³ ev welq m¤úwË m¤úwK©Z †Kv‡bv NUbvRwbZ ¶wZi ev NUbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© cÖ`vb Kiv nq Zv‡K wegvPzw³ e‡j| L. wegvMÖwnZv Zvi Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i SzuwK wegvKvixi Ici Ac©Y K‡ib| SzuwK Ac©‡Yi wewbg‡q wegvMÖnxZv KZ©„K wegvKvix‡K †h A_© cÖ`vb Kiv nq ZvB wegv wcÖwgqvg| wegv wcÖwgqvg wegvi †¶‡Î GKwU cÖwZ`vb wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| wegvPzw³i A_© Abyhvqx wegvMÖnxZv wegv wcÖwgqvg cÖ`vb K‡ib| M. mvMi cÖ_‡g †h wegv †Kv¤úvwbi mvBb‡evW©wU c‡o‡Q Zv n‡jv Rxeb wegv| wegv e¨emv‡q me‡P‡q RbwcÖq n‡”Q Rxeb wegv| †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvKvix wegv wKw¯Íi wewbg‡q wegv MÖnYKvix e¨w³‡K ev Zvi wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ ev DËivwaKvix‡K GKwU we‡kl mg‡qi c‡i ev wegvMÖnxZvi g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z A_© cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K †mB wegv Pzw³‡KB Rxeb wegv e‡j| gvby‡li Rxeb m¤úwK©Z SzuwK Avw_©Kfv‡e †gvKvwejvi e¨e¯’vB n‡jv Rxeb wegv| Rxeb wegv Pzw³ me mgq gvbeRxe‡bi mv‡_ mswkó| GwU n‡jv wbðqZvi Pzw³| Ab¨vb¨ wegvi g‡Zv GwU ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ bq| KviY gvby‡li Rxe‡bi g~j¨ A_© w`‡q cwigvc Kiv hvq bv| Rxeb wegvq g„Zz¨i SzuwKi Ici wcÖwgqv‡gi nvi wbf©i K‡i| wewfbœ eq‡mi e¨w³e‡M©i g„Zz¨i Avk¼v g„Zz¨nvi cywÄ †_‡K Rvbv hvq| ZvQvov Rxeb wegvq Ggb wKQy Avjv`v ˆewkó¨ j¶Yxq hv G‡K Ab¨vb¨ wegv †_‡K ¯^Zš¿ `vb K‡i‡Q| N. mvM‡ii †`Lv wØZxq wegv †Kv¤úvwb Z_v mvaviY wegv †Kv¤úvwb e¨emvq-evwY‡R¨ mnvqK e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| wegvKvix cÖwZôvb bv _vK‡j SzuwKi Avk¼vq A‡bK e¨emvqx‡K cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qB Zv‡`i e¨emvq eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡Zv| ZvB e¨emv‡qi SzuwKMZ cÖwZeÜKZv I weivRgvb AwbðqZv `~i K‡i e¨emvq‡K wbiew”Qbœfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Lye †ewk| DÏxc‡K mvMi wØZxq †h wegv †Kv¤úvwbi mvBb‡evW©wU c‡o‡Q Zv n‡jv mvaviY wegv| mvaviY
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 133 wegvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AwMœ wegv, †bŠ wegv BZ¨vw`| wba©vwiZ wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q †bŠc‡_ PjvPjKvix RvnvR I RvnvRw¯’Z cY¨mvgMÖx wegvK…Z SzuwK Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡q aŸsk ev ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡j Zv ¶wZc~i‡Yi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q †h wegv Pzw³ Kiv nq Zv n‡jv †bŠ wegv| †bŠ wegv n‡jv ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³, ¶wZ AvswkK ev m¤ú~Y© hvB †nvK bv †Kb wegvKvix Zv c~iY K‡i| mvaviY wegvi †¶‡Î Av‡iv Av‡Q AwMœ wegv| AwMœ wegv n‡jv AwMœRwbZ wec‡`i SzuwK †gvKvwejvi GKwU Avw_©K cÖwZi¶v e¨e¯’v| AwMœ wegvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv AwMœRwbZ SzuwKi nvZ †_‡K wegvMÖnxZv‡K mnvqZv Kiv| wegvKvix cÖwZôvb wegvK…Z e¨w³ ev e¨emvq cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ Pzw³‡Z DwjwLZ cÖ`Ë wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q GB RvZxq ¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY w`‡q _v‡K| myZivs ejv hvq †h, mvM‡ii †`Lv wØZxq wegv †Kv¤úvwbwU e¨emvq-evwY‡R¨ AwaK mnvqK| cÖkœ-8 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : Rvcv‡b Mc Donald’s †Kv¤úvwb Zv‡`i ‘Golden Arches’ †UªWgvK© wb‡R‡`i bv‡g †iwR‡÷ªkb K‡i| Rvcvwb mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i mv‡_ GKwU `xN©‡gqvw` I e¨qeûj AvBbMZ cÖwµqvi ci †Kv¤úvwb GB †UªWgv‡K©i Ici Zv‡`i AvBbMZ AwaKvi cÖwZôv K‡i| K. c‡Y¨i gvb wba©vi‡Y mvwU©wd‡KU cÖ`vb K‡i †K? 1 L. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi mgqmxgv D‡jL Ki| 2 M. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K eY©bv Ki| 3 N. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi myweav DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡klY Ki| 4 8bs cª‡kœi DËi K. c‡Y¨i gvb wba©vi‡Y mvwU©wd‡KU cÖ`vb K‡i weGmwUAvB| L. †UªWgvK© n‡jv †Kv‡bv c‡Y¨i Rb¨ wbw`©ó †iwR÷vW© cÖZxK| 7 eQ‡ii Rb¨ Gi †iwR‡÷ªkb †`Iqv nq| †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M Av‡e`b Ki‡j 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ bevqb Kiv hvq| Awbw`©óKvj ch©šÍ cybtcyb bevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| M. c‡Y¨i Ici AvBbMZ AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©| evRv‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi cY¨ i‡q‡Q| Gme c‡Y¨i g‡a¨ †Kv¤úvwbi cY¨wU‡K Avjv`v K‡i wPb‡Z †UªWgvK© e¨envi Kiv nq| †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb Lye Ri“wi| †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb H cY¨ ev †mevi †¶‡Î cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii wel‡q †iwR÷vW© gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i| †iwR÷vW© gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| DÏxc‡K Mc Donald’s †Kv¤úvwb Zv‡`i ‘Golden Arches’ †UªWgvK© wb‡R‡`i bv‡g †iwR‡÷ªkb K‡i| cÖPzi A_© I mgq e¨q Kivi ci AvBbMZ cÖwµqv Aej¤^b K‡i Zviv Zv‡`i †UªWgv‡K©i Ici AwaKvi cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Mc Donald’s †Kv¤úvwbwU GLb ‘Golden Arches’ cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii AbygwZcÖvß GKgvÎ cÖwZôvb| †Kv¤úvwbwUi AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †iwR÷vW© gvK©wU mycwiwPZ n‡j Ab¨vb¨ cY¨ ev †mevi †¶‡ÎI gvwj‡Ki G AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ n‡e| AvBb Øviv G AwaKvi myiw¶Z| G AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j Av`vj‡Z gvgjv K‡i cÖwZKvi cvIqv hv‡e| N. †UªWgvK© e¨env‡i †Kv¤úvwb Zvi wbR¯^ c‡Y¨i Dci GK”QÎ AwaKv‡ii gva¨‡g e¨emvwqK myweav jvf K‡i| †Kv¤úvwb hLb †iwR÷ªvW †UªWgvK© e¨envi K‡i ZLb Zvi AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxK e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| d‡j †iwR÷vW© gvK©wU mycwiwPZ n‡j †Kv¤úvwb Ab¨vb¨ cY¨ ev †mevi †¶‡Î e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡i| †iwR÷vW© †UªWgv‡K©i AwaKvi AvBb Øviv myiw¶Z| G‡¶‡Î †UªWgv‡K©i Ace¨envi Ab¨ †KD Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| DÏxc‡K Rvcvwb mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i mv‡_ `xN©‡gqvw` Ges e¨qeûj AvBbMZ cÖwµqvi ci †Kv¤úvwb GB †UªWgv‡K©i Ici Zv‡`i AvBbMZ AwaKvi cÖwZôv K‡i| Gfv‡e †UªWgvK© e¨env‡i e¨emvwqK myweavi cvkvcvwk AvBwb myweav cvIqv hvq| e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î †Kv‡bv cY¨‡K A‡b¨i Abyiƒc ev Awfbœ cY¨ n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ †UªWgvK© e¨envi Kiv nq| myZivs ejv hvq, †UªWgv‡K©i Ace¨envi Ab¨ †KD †hb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ †UªWgvK© †iwR÷vW© Kiv nq| cÖkœ -9 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wg. Iqv`y‡`i cÖwZôvb j¨v¤ú we‡k¦i bvgKiv †Kv¤úvwb GwWWvm-Gi wewfbœ cY¨ evsjv‡`‡k weµq K‡i _v‡K| cY¨ Avg`vwbi †ÿ‡Î wZwb mgy`ª I b`x c_ e¨envi K‡ib| cY¨ Avg`vwbi mgq †Kv‡bv cY¨ ev Rvnv‡Ri ÿq-ÿwZ n‡j Zv c~i‡Yi wbwg‡Ë wZwb GKwU cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nb| K. Dcgnv‡`‡k KZmv‡j †UªWgvK©m AvBb cÖYqb nq? 1 L. wegv †Kb Kiv nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. wg. Iqv`y‡`i e¨emvqwU ˆewk‡ó¨i wfwˇZ †Kvb ai‡bi e¨emvq? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. cY¨ Avg`vwbi †ÿ‡Î wg. Iqv`y‡`i M„nxZ Pzw³wUi h_v_©Zv Zz‡j ai| 4 9bs cª‡kœi DËi K. Dcgnv‡`‡k 1940 mv‡j †UªWgvK©m AvBb cÖYqb nq| L. †Kv‡bv `yN©Ubv ev Avw_©K ÿwZ †_‡K iÿv cvIqvi Rb¨ wegv Kiv nq| fwel¨r me©`v AwbwðZ| AwMœKvÊ, RvnvR Wzwe ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `yN©UbvRwbZ ÿwZ gvbyl‡K wbt¯^ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| Avi Giƒc aŸsmvZ¥K Ae¯’v †_‡K cwiÎv‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ Avw_©K ÿwZc~iY †c‡Z wegv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| M. wg. Iqv`y‡`i e¨emvqwU ˆewk‡ó¨i wfwˇZ d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq| †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K d«vbmvBwRs e‡j| d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq `ywU cÿ _v‡K, d«vbmvBRvi I d«vbmvBwR| DÏxc‡K wg. Iqv`y` we‡k¦i L¨vZbvgv GwWWvm †Kv¤úvwbi wewfbœ cY¨ evsjv‡`‡k weµq Ki‡Qb| GwWWvm wg. Iqv`y‡`i cÖwZôvb j¨v¤ú‡K cY¨ wewµ Kivi AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b GwWWvm d«vbmvBRvi Ges j¨v¤ú d«vbmvBwR, Zviv G k‡Z© Pzw³e× n‡q‡Q †h, j¨v¤ú GwWWv‡mi cY¨ weµq Ki‡e Ges GRb¨ j¨v¤ú cÖ_‡g wbw`©ó A‡¼i wd Ges c‡i weµ‡qi Ici
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 134 wbw`©ó gvwmK wd cÖ`vb Ki‡e| wd« cÖvwßi w`b †_‡KB GwWWvm †Kv¤úvwb Avq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| myZivs, wg. Iqv`y‡`i e¨emvqwU ˆewkó¨MZ w`K †_‡K d«vbmvBwRs e¨emvq| N. cY¨ Avg`vwbi †ÿ‡Î wg. Iqv`y‡`i †bŠ wegvPzw³ MÖnY Kiv h_v_© n‡q‡Q| †h wegv Pzw³‡Z mvgyw`ªK ev b`x c‡_ hvÎv †_‡K m„ó SzuwKi Rb¨ ÿq-ÿwZ c~i‡Yi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`qv nq Zv‡K †bŠ wegv Pzw³ e‡j| mviv c„w_exi e¨emvq-evwY‡R¨i AwaKvsk cY¨B †bŠc‡_ cwievwnZ nq| ZvB †bŠ c‡_ weivRgvb SzuwK Gov‡Z †bŠ wegv Pzw³ Kiv nq| DÏxc‡K wg. Iqv`y` cY¨ Avg`vwbi †ÿ‡Î mgy`ª I b`x c_ e¨envi K‡ib| b`x ev mvgyw`ªK hvÎv c‡_ wewfbœ ai‡bi SzuwKi Avk¼v _v‡K †hgb : So-SÅv, †XD, mybvwg, `my¨Zv, R‡jv”Q¡vm BZ¨vw`| G mKj SuywK †_‡K m„ó ÿq-ÿwZ c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wegv †Kv¤úvwb c‡Y¨i ev Rvnv‡Ri gvwjK‡`i mv‡_ wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q Pzw³e× n‡q _v‡K| ÿwZ n‡j wegvKvix cÖwZôvb Aek¨B wegv MÖnxZv‡K ÿwZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ _v‡K| wg. Iqv`y` †h‡nZz b`x ev mvgyw`ªK hvÎv c‡_ c‡Y¨i ÿq-ÿwZ c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wegv K‡i‡Q †m‡nZz c‡Y¨i ÿq-ÿwZ n‡j wg. Iqv`y` wegv cÖwZôvb †_‡K ÿwZc~iY Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Giƒc ÿwZc~iY Zvi e¨emvq Kivi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ mnvqK n‡e| myZivs ejv hvq, cY¨ Avg`vwbi mgq †Kv‡bv cY¨ ev Rvnv‡Ri ÿq-ÿwZ n‡j Zv c~i‡Yi wbwg‡Ë †bŠ-wegv Pzw³ Kiv wg. Iqv`y‡`i Rb¨ h_v_©B n‡q‡Q| cÖkœ -10 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : mviIqvi mv‡ne gvj‡qwkqv †_‡K cY¨ Avbvi Rb¨ cY¨ wegv Ki‡jb wZb jÿ UvKvq| †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ÿwZ QvovB cY¨¸‡jv h_vmg‡q e›`‡i †cuŠQvq| eZ©gv‡b D³ c‡Y¨i h‡_ó Pvwn`v _vKvq PjwZ eQ‡i Zvi cÖPzi gybvdv n‡q‡Q| K. wegv Kx? 1 L. wegvi cÖKvi‡f` D‡jøL Ki| 2 M. mviIqvi mv‡ne †Kvb ai‡bi wegvcÎ msMÖn K‡i‡Qb? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. mviIqvi mv‡n‡ei wbKU wegvi e¨emvwqK ¸iæZ¡ KZUzKz? g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 10bs cª‡kœi DËi K. wegv n‡jv GK cÖKvi wjwLZ Pzw³ †hLv‡b wegvKvix wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q wegvMÖnxZvi m¤¢ve¨ SzuwK n«vm K‡i| L. eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ cÖKvi wegvi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Pvi cÖKvi wegv me©vwaK cÖPwjZ| 1. Rxeb wegv, 2. †bŠ wegv, 3. AwMœ wegv, 4. `yN©Ubv wegv| eZ©gvbKv‡j gvbyl µgkB wegvi myweav Dcjwä Kivq Dc‡iv³ Pvi cÖKvi wegv QvovI Av‡iv K‡qK †kªwYi wegvi cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| †hgb : †PŠh© wegv, wek¦¯ÍZv wegv, `v½v wegv, `vq wegv, †gvUi Mvwo wegv, km¨ wegv BZ¨vw`| M. mviIqvi mv‡ne †bŠ wegvcÎ msMÖn K‡i‡Qb| mviv we‡k¦i e¨emvq-evwY‡R¨i AwaKvsk cY¨B †bŠc‡_ cwievwnZ nq| mgy`ªc‡_ RvnvR PjvP‡ji mgq So-SÅv, `y‡h©vMc~Y© AvenvIqv, Pzwi, Rj`my¨i AvµgY BZ¨vw` bvbvwea Kvi‡Y RvnvR, Rvnv‡Ri cY¨`ªe¨ I RvnvR fvovi ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| G cÖKvi AwbwðZ ÿwZc~i‡Yi wbwg‡Ë †h wegv Kiv nq Zv‡K †bŠ wegv e‡j| DÏxc‡K mviIqvi mv‡ne gvj‡qwkqv †_‡K cY¨ Avbvi Rb¨ cY¨ wegv K‡ib wZb jÿ UvKvq| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ÿwZ QvovB cY¨¸‡jv h_vmg‡q e›`‡i †cuŠQvq weavq mviIqvi mv‡ne †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ÿwZc~iY cv‡eb bv| wKš‘ wegvK…Z c‡Y¨i †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ÿwZ mvwaZ n‡j mviIqvi mv‡ne ÿwZc~iY †c‡Zb| A_©vr wZwb †bŠc‡_ weivRgvb SoSÅv, †XD, mybvwg, `ymy¨Zv, hy×-weMÖn mKj cÖKvi SzuwK Gov‡Z †bŠ wegvcÎ msMÖn K‡i‡Qb| N. mviIqvi mv‡n‡ei wbKU wegvi e¨emvwqK ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| AwMœKvÊ, RvnvRWzwe ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `yN©Ubv RwbZ ÿwZ e¨emvwq‡`i‡K wbt¯^ K‡i †`q| Giƒc aŸsmvZ¥K Ae¯’vq DckgKvix e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwinvh©| wegv SzuwKi cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i e¨emvwqK †jb‡`b m¤cÖmvi‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i| DÏxc‡Ki mviIqvi mv‡ne wegv e¨e¯’vi gva¨‡g Zvi e¨emvq‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K iÿv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb wegv Pzw³ Kivi gva¨‡g wegvKvixi mv‡_ SzuwK eÈb I ÿwZ c~i‡Yi GK mgevq e¨e¯’v K‡ib| RvnvRWzwe ev Rj`my¨Zv ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `yN©UbvRwbZ ÿwZi wecix‡Z DckgKvix e¨e¯’viƒ‡c mviIqvi mv‡ne wegv Pzw³ K‡ib| wegvKvix cÖwZôvb Zv‡K Pzw³‡Z DwjøwLZ cÖ`Ë wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q GB RvZxq ÿwZi Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY w`‡e| ZvB Zvi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ wegv AZ¨šÍ mnvqK| wegvKvix cÖwZôvb bv _vK‡j SzuwKi Avk¼vq Zvi g‡Zv e¨emvqx‡`i A‡b‡KB cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Zv‡`i e¨emvq eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡Zv| ZvB e¨emv‡qi SzuwKMZ cÖwZeÜKZv I weivRgvb AwbwðqZv `~i K‡i e¨emvq‡K wbiew”Qbœfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Lye †ewk| myZivs ejv hvq, e¨emv‡qi m¤¢ve¨ SuywK †gvKvwejvi Rb¨ mviIqvi mv‡n‡ei wbKU wegvi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| cÖkœ-11 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU †`‡L cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wPÎ : K wPÎ : L K. Kw¤úDUvi mdUIq¨vi †Kvb AvBb Øviv msiw¶Z nq? 1 L. wegv mÂq e„wׇZ mnvqK †Kb? 2 M. wPÎ ÔKÕ-Gi Rb¨ †Kvb ai‡bi wegv cÖ‡hvR¨ Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 N. wPÎ ÔLÕ-Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ wegv‡K ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ ejv nq-Dˇii c‡¶ hyw³ †`LvI| 4 11bs cª‡kœi DËi K. Kw¤úDUvi mdUIq¨vi KwcivBU AvBb Øviv msiw¶Z nq| L. wbw`©ó mgq cici wcÖwgqv‡gi A_© cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq e‡j wegvMÖnxZv‡`i g‡a¨ m‡qi cÖeYZv ˆZwi nq| wegvcÎ µ‡qi gva¨‡g gvbyl ax‡i ax‡i GKwU eo A¼ mÂq K‡i hv †_‡K
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 135 wegvi wcÖwgqvg cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr wegvcÎ µ‡qi d‡j e¨w³‡K GKwU wbw`©ó mgq AšÍi eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e wcÖwgqvg cÖ`vb Kivi j‡¶¨ mÂqx n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| M. wPÎ ÔKÕ-Gi Rb¨ AwMœ wegv cÖ‡hvR¨| fwel¨‡Z AwbwðZ SzuwKi cÖwZ‡ivag~jK Avw_©K e¨e¯’vB n‡jv wegv| cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi wegv cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q| G‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg GKwU n‡jv Aw&Mœ wegv| †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegv MÖnxZv e¨w³‡K AwMœRwbZ ¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY `vb Kiv nq Zv‡K AwMœ wegv e‡j| DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î †`Lv hv‡”Q †h Av¸b jvMvi Kvi‡Y GKwU KviLvbv ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡”Q| AwMœ wegv Kiv nq g~jZ cY¨, Nievwo, ¸`vg cÖf„wZ m¤ú` Av¸‡b cy‡o hvIqvi nvZ n‡Z i¶v Kivi Rb¨| AwMœ wegv Kiv _vK‡j wP‡Î DwjwLZ KviLvbvi gvwjK ¶wZc~iY cv‡eb| ZvB wPÎ ÔKÕ-Gi m¤ú` i¶v Kivi Rb¨ g~jZ AwMœ wegvB cÖ‡hvR¨| N. DÏxc‡K wPÎ ÔLÕ-Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ `yN©Ubv wegvwU ¶wZc~iY Pzw³| gvby‡li Rxeb I RxweKv Ges m¤ú`vw` wewfbœ iKg SzuwK n‡Z Avw_©Kfv‡e i¶vi e¨e¯’vB n‡jv wegv| wegv Pzw³i Ab¨Zg kZ© n‡jv ¶wZc~iY| DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ÔLÕ-Gi Rb¨ `yN©Ubv wegv cÖ‡hvR¨| G `yN©Ubv wegv‡K ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ ejv nq| Gi c‡¶ hyw³ n‡jv `yN©Ubv wegvi wbqg Abyhvqx wegvKvix wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q wegvMÖnxZv‡K Avw_©K mnvqZv, ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z eva¨ _v‡K| wPÎ ÔLÕ-G `ywU Mvwo ci¯úi av°v jvMvq Dfq Mvwo ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q| Mvwo m¤úwËi AvIZvfz³ nIqvq m¤úwËi ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ `yN©Ubv wegv Kiv nq| ZvQvov ÔLÕ wP‡Îi ¶wZMÖ¯Í Mvwoi ¶wZi cwigvY mn‡RB wba©viY Kiv m¤¢e| Mvwo `ywUi wegv Kiv _vK‡j wegvKvix Mvwoi gvwjK‡K ¶wZc~iY Ki‡Z eva¨| †Kbbv `yN©Ubv wegvi Pzw³c‡Î ¶wZc~i‡Yi kZ© D‡jL Kiv Av‡Q| ZvB wPÎ ÔLÕ-Gi Rb¨ A_©vr m¤úwËi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ wegv n‡jv `yN©Ubv wegv hv‡K ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ ejv nq| wbe©vwPZ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ-12 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : mywRZ I gywnZ cvi¯úwiK mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ GKwU e¨emv‡qi D‡`¨vM wb‡jb| Zv‡`i Aci eÜz AwRZ AviI Qq Rb m`m¨ wb‡q Ab¨ Avi GKwU e¨emvq MV‡bi D‡`¨vM wb‡jb| Zviv DfqB cÖv_wgK wKQy Kvh© m¤úv`b Ki‡jb| mywRZ I gywnZ e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cvi‡jI AwRZ Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| K. d«vbmvBwRs ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 1 L. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewk󨸇jv D‡jøL Ki| 2 M. mywRZ I gywn‡Zi e¨emv‡qi aibwU eY©bv Ki| 3 N. AwR‡Zi e¨emvwqK Kvh©µg ïi“ Ki‡Z bv cvivi KviY we‡klY Ki| 4 12bs cª‡kœi DËi K. †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv †Kv¤úvwbi bvg e¨envi Ges Gi cY¨ ˆZwi, wewµ ev weZiY Kivi AwaKvi‡K d«vbmvBwRs e‡j| L. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ n‡jv : 1. d«vbmvBRi I d«vbmvBwR-Gi g‡a¨ Pzw³cÎ| 2. eª¨v‡ÛW cY¨ ev †mev| 3. cY¨ ev †mev ¯^xK…Z gvb I cÖwµqv Abyhvqx n‡”Q wKbv Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ d«vbmvBRvi KZ…©K gwbUwis| M. mywRZ I gywn‡Zi e¨emv‡qi aib n‡jv Askx`vwi e¨emvq| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ Pzw³i gva¨‡g †h e¨emvq MVb K‡i Zv‡K Askx`vwi e¨emvq e‡j| Pzw³B Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi g~j wfwË| GB e¨emvq MV‡b AvBbMZ RwUjZv †bB| DÏxc‡Ki mywRZ I gywnZ cvi¯úwiK mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ e¨emvq MVb K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³ Zv‡`i e¨emv‡qi wfwË wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i‡Q| Pzw³ Abyhvqx Zviv e¨emv‡q g~jab mieivn I jvf-†jvKmvb eÈb K‡i| e¨emv‡qi `v‡qi Rb¨ Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K e¨w³MZfv‡e `vqx| †Kv‡bv †`bv cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ e¨emvwqK m¤ú` h‡_ó bv n‡j Zv‡`i e¨w³MZ m¤ú` `vqe× _v‡K| myZivs cvi¯úwiK mg‡SvZvi A_©vr Pzw³i wfwˇZ mywRZ I gywnZ e¨emvq MVb K‡i‡Q weavq Zv Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi AšÍM©Z| N. Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ msMÖn Ki‡Z bv cvivq AwRZ I Zvi eÜz‡`i MwVZ cvewjK wj. †Kv¤úvwbwU e¨emvwqK Kvh©µg ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| †h †Kv¤úvwb msMV‡bi b~¨bZg m`m¨ msL¨v mvZRb Ges wbeÜb nIqvi c‡i Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ MÖnY Ki‡Z nq Zv‡K cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb e‡j| DÏxc‡Ki AwR‡Zi e¨emvqwU cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb| KviY AwR‡Zi e¨emv‡qi m`m¨ msL¨v mvZRb Ges Zviv e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wKQy KvR m¤úv`b K‡i‡Q A_©vr wbeÜb K‡i‡Q| cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb wbeÜb cÎ cvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ KvR ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ †Kv¤úvwb AvBb Abyhvqx cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb wbeÜbcÎ †c‡jB Kvh©vi¤¢ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K KvR ïi“ Kivi Rb¨ wbe܇Ki wbKU †_‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ msMÖn Ki‡Z nq| cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ cvIqvi Rb¨ b~¨bZg Puv`v msMÖ‡ni †NvlYvcÎ Ges Rbmvavi‡Yi wbKU †kqvi weµ‡qi †NvlYvcÎmn wKQy ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `wjjcÎmn Av‡e`b Ki‡Z nq| me KvMRcÎ wVK _vK‡j Ges wbeÜK mš‘ó n‡j cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ cÖ`vb K‡ib| G cÎ cvIqvi ciB cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i| myZivs Av‡jvPbvi †cw¶‡Z ejv hvq, AwRZ I Zvi eÜz‡`i e¨emvq msMVbwU cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb nIqvq Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZc‡Îi Afv‡e e¨emvwqK KvR ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| cÖkœ-13 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : †gvkviid GKRb mdj D‡`¨v³v| wbZ¨bZzb aviYv I c×wZ e¨emv‡q cÖ‡qvM K‡i wZwb mybvg AR©b K‡i‡Qb| wZwb A‡bK cwikªg K‡i Ggb GKwU c×wZ Avwe®‹vi Ki‡jb hv Zv‡K e¨emvqx mgv‡R Av‡iv L¨vwZ G‡b w`j| GB D™¢veb¸‡jv e¨emvqx wnmv‡e mdjZvi †cQ‡b Zvi g~j m¤ú`| wKQyw`b ci Zvi D™¢vweZ c×wZ A‡b‡KB cÖ‡qvM K‡i mdjZv †cj| d‡j wZwb Avw_©Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡jb|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 136 K. wegv Kq cÖKvi? 1 L. †UªWgvK© Kx? eY©bv Ki| 2 M. DÏxc‡K †Kvb ai‡bi m¤ú‡`i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †gvkvii‡di KiYxq m¤ú‡K© gZvgZ `vI| 4 13bs cª‡kœi DËi K. wegv Pvi cÖKvi| L. e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î †Kv‡bv cY¨‡K Abyiƒc ev Awfbœ cY¨ n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ Kivi j‡¶¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K †UªWgvK© e‡j| ¯^vZš¿¨ZvB gvK© ev cÖZx‡Ki g~j welq| wWfvBm, eªvÛ, wk‡ivbvg, †j‡ej, wU‡KU, bvg, ¯^v¶i, kã, A¶i, cÖZxK, msL¨vhy³ Dcv`vb, i‡Oi mgš^q ev G¸‡jvi †h †Kv‡bv iƒc mgš^q †UªWgvK© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| M. DÏxc‡K †gavm¤ú‡`i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| m¤ú` `„k¨gvb Ges A`„k¨gvb DfqB n‡Z cv‡i| †gavm¤ú` GKwU A`„k¨gvb m¤ú`| e¨emvq, wk‡í ev evwY‡R¨ cÖ‡qvM Dc‡hvMx Avwe®‹vi, mvwnZ¨ I wkíKg©, bKkv, cÖZxK, bvg BZ¨vw` †gavm¤ú‡`i AšÍfz©³| DÏxc‡K †gvkviid wbZ¨bZzb aviYv I c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g GKwU mdj c×wZ Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb| GwU Zvi †gav I gb‡bi Øviv m„ó Kg©dj| wkí ev e¨emvq D‡`¨v³vi †gavm¤ú` ej‡Z Hme g~j¨evb m¤ú`‡K †evSvq hv †m `xN©w`b cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q D™¢veb K‡i‡Q| me D™¢veb I m„Rbkxj Kg©Kv‡Êi g~‡j i‡q‡Q †gavm¤ú`| Gme ˆewkó¨ g~j¨vqb K‡i wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq †gvkvii‡di Avwe®‹…Z c×wZwU GKwU †gavm¤ú`| N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †gvkviid †c‡U›U Pzw³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †c‡U›U n‡jv GK ai‡bi †gavm¤ú`| †c‡U‡›Ui gva¨‡g Avwe®‹v‡ii Rb¨ Avwe®‹viK‡K Zvi ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb Kiv nq| DÏxc‡K †gvkviid Zvi cwikª‡gi gva¨‡g GKwU c×wZ Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb| wZwb hw` G c×wZwUi Rb¨ †c‡U›U Pzw³ K‡i †bb Zvn‡j wZwb GwU e¨env‡ii GK‡PwUqv AwaKvi jvf Ki‡eb| wZwb Qvov Ab¨ †KD Zvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ GwU e¨envi Ki‡j wZwb AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v wb‡Z cvi‡eb| d‡j Zvi †gav m¤ú`wU myiw¶Z _vK‡e Ges wZwb Avw_©Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡eb bv| A‡bK mgq †Kv‡bv Amvay e¨emvqx ev cÖwZ‡hvMx wewa j•Nb K‡i bKj cY¨ evRv‡i weµq K‡i D™¢vebKvix‡K Avw_©Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i| †c‡U›U Kivi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wk‡ív‡`¨v³vi cwikªgjä D™¢veb bKj ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q ˆZwi ev wewµ K‡i hv‡Z Avw_©K myweav AR©b bv Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, †gav m¤ú‡`i myi¶vi Rb¨ †gvkviid †c‡U›U Pzw³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖkœ-14 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wPÎwkíx Kvgi“¾vgvb Zvi wPÎKg© evRviRvZ K‡i †ek Avq K‡i‡Qb| Zvi eÜz gvgyb‡K †eKvi Nyi‡Z †`‡L †eKvwi e¨emv‡qi civgk© w`‡jb| gvgyb Ôkvnxb †eKvwiÕ bv‡g GKwU †eKvwi e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡jb| †ek fv‡jvB PjwQj| nVvr K‡i Zvi †eKvwii we¯‹z‡Ui Pvwn`v K‡g †Mj Ges †ek ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡jb| evRv‡i †LuvR wb‡q wZwb †`L‡jb H bv‡g bKj we¯‹zU Kg `v‡g cvIqv hv‡”Q| gvgyb Av`vj‡Z Gi cÖwZKvi †P‡q gvgjv Ki‡jb| K. weGmwUAvB †Kvb gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb? 1 L. Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZ cÎ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 M. wPÎwkíx Kvgi“¾vgv‡bi wPÎKg© evRviRvZKi‡Y mnvqK Pzw³wU eY©bv Ki| 3 N. gvgy‡bi ¶wZc~iY Av`v‡q mnvqK DcvqwU we‡klY Ki| 4 14bs cª‡kœi DËi K. weGmwUAvB wkí gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb| L. cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb KvR Avi¤¢ Kivi Rb¨ †h c‡Îi gva¨‡g AbygwZ †c‡q _v‡K Zv‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ e‡j| cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ cvIqvi Rb¨ b~¨bZg Puv`v msMÖ‡ni †NvlYvcÎ Ges Rbmvavi‡Yi wbKU †kqvi weµ‡qi †NvlYvcÎmn wKQy ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `wjjcÎmn Av‡e`b Ki‡Z nq| me KvMRcÎ wVK _vK‡j Ges wbeÜK mš‘ó n‡j cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb‡K Kvh©vi‡¤¢i AbygwZcÎ cÖ`vb K‡ib| G cÎ cvIqvi ciB cvewjK wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i| M. DÏxc‡K wPÎwkíx Kvgi“¾vgv‡bi wPÎKg© evRviRvZKi‡Y mnvqK Pzw³wU n‡jv KwcivBU Pzw³| KwcivBU Pzw³i gva¨‡g mvwnZ¨, wkíKg© I Ab¨vb¨ wkíKjv m„wóKvix‡K Zvi m„ó †gavm¤ú` e¨env‡ii ev evRviRvZKi‡Yi GK”QÎ AwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Mí, bvUK, cÖeÜ, KweZv RvZxq mvwnZ¨Kg©, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ, msMxZ, hš¿ msMxZ, fv¯‹h©, ¯’vcZ¨Kjv KwcivBU Øviv msiwÿZ nq| DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwkíx Kvgi“¾vgvb Zvi wPÎKg© evRviRvZ K‡i †ek Avq Ki‡Qb| evRviRvZKi‡Y Zv‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i KwcivBU Pzw³| Kvgi“¾vgv‡bi wPÎKg© Ab¨ †KD bKj K‡i evRviRvZKiY Ki‡j wZwb KwcivBU Pzw³i gva¨‡g Av`vj‡Z gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i Gi ¶wZc~iY Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ZvB ejv hvq, wPÎwkíx Kvgi“¾vgvb Zvi wPÎKg©wU GK”QÎfv‡e evRviRvZKiY K‡i jvfevb n‡”Qb weavq Zvi Rb¨ mnvqK Pzw³wU n‡jv KwcivBU Pzw³| N. gvgy‡bi ¶wZc~iY Av`v‡q mnvqK DcvqwU n‡jv †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv| †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb n‡jv †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb hv H cY¨ ev †mevi †¶‡Î cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii wel‡q †iwR÷ªvW© gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i| †iwR÷vW© gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| DÏxc‡K gvgy‡bi †eKvwi e¨emvq fv‡jvB PjwQj| nVvr K‡i Zvi †eKvwii we¯‹z‡Ui Pvwn`v K‡g †M‡j evRv‡i †LuvR wb‡q †`Lj H bv‡g bKj we¯‹zU Kg `v‡g cvIqv hvv‡”Q| †h‡nZz kvnxb †eKvwi‡K GKwU gvK© ev cÖZxK †iwR‡÷ªkb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †m‡nZz H gvK© ev cÖZxKwU Ab¨ †KD e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv ev e¨env‡ii K‡i ¶wZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| hw` †KD ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡iI Zvn‡j AvB‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cÖwZKvi †c‡Z cv‡i| kvnxb †eKvwii bv‡g eivÏK…Z cÖZxK msewjZ bKj we¯‹zU weµq n‡”Q| †m‡nZz kvnxb †eKvwii gvwjK gvgyb H we¯‹zU
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 137 †Kv¤úvwbi wei“‡× †UªWgvK© bKj Kivi `v‡q †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi e‡j Av`vj‡Z gvgjv K‡i ¶wZc~iY Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡ib| AvBb Øviv Zvi G AwaKvi myiw¶Z| A_©vr gvgy‡bi ¶wZc~iY Av`v‡q †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb gyL¨ f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| cÖkœ-15 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : Rbve gaym~`b Zvi D™¢vweZ Pv‡ji Kuzov †_‡K ˆZwi †fvR¨‡Zj evRv‡i cÖPwjZ Abyiƒc †Zj †_‡K ¯^Zš¿ Ges GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖvwßi j‡¶¨ e¨e¯’v wb‡q‡Qb| †Z‡ji gvb fv‡jv nIqvq Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb e¨emv‡q mdjZv †c‡q‡Qb| K. gvK© ev cÖZx‡Ki g~j welq Kx? 1 L. weGmwUAvB-Gi KvR¸‡jv †jL| 2 M. Rbve gaym~`b GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cv‡e wK‡mi gva¨‡g? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. Rbve gaym~`b Kxfv‡e c‡Y¨i gvb m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡q‡Qb Zv we‡klY Ki| 4 15bs cª‡kœi DËi K. ¯^vZš¿¨ZvB gvK© ev cÖZx‡Ki g~j welq| L. weGmwUAvB-Gi KvR¸‡jv n‡jv1. weGmwUAvB c‡Y¨i cÖZxK wbeÜb K‡i| 2. c‡Y¨i gvb cix¶v K‡i mvwU©wd‡KU cÖ`vb K‡i| 3. c‡Y¨i gvb eRvq bv _vK‡j AvBbvbyM e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i| M. Rbve gaym~`b †c‡U›U MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cv‡eb| †c‡U›U n‡jv GK ai‡bi †gavm¤ú` hvi gva¨‡g cY¨ ev e¯‘i D™¢veK‡K Zvi ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cY¨ ev †mevi D™¢veK ev Avwe®‹viK I miKv‡ii g‡a¨ Pzw³ nq| Avwe®‹viK‡K †c‡U›U cÖ`v‡bi A_© n‡jv wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ Ab¨ †KD GwU ˆZwi ev weµq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| DÏxc‡K Rbve gaym~`b GKRb D™¢veK| wZwb Pv‡ji Kzuov †_‡K †fvR¨‡Zj ˆZwi K‡ib hv cÖPwjZ Abyiƒc †Zj †_‡K ¯^Zš¿| wZwb †c‡U›U MÖnY Ki‡j GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cv‡eb| d‡j Ab¨ †KD Zvi D™¢vweZ Pv‡ji Kuzov †_‡K †Zj ˆZwi wKsev weµq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zvi D™¢vweZ cY¨ †Kv‡bv Amvay e¨emvqx ev cÖwZ‡hvMx wewa j½b K‡i bKj cY¨ evRv‡i weµq Ki‡j wZwb AvBwb e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖwZKvi cv‡e| ZvB GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv †fvM Kivi Rb¨ Rbve gaym~`b‡K miKv‡ii mv‡_ Pzw³ gvidZ †c‡U›U MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| N. weGmwUAvB KZ©„K ¯^xK…wZi gva¨‡g Rbve gaym~`b Zvi c‡Y¨i gvb m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡q‡Qb| †Kv‡bv we‡kl cY¨ Drcv`b I wecYb Ki‡Z PvB‡j ev †mB we‡kl cY¨wU‡K evRv‡i cÖPwjZ Abyiƒc Ab¨vb¨ cY¨ †_‡K Avjv`v wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z PvB‡j cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a †mB c‡Y¨i cÖZxK †iwR‡÷ªkb ev wbeÜb Ki‡Z nq| Gi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß cÖwZôvb n‡”Q evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s Bbw÷wUDkb ev weGmwUAvB| GwU wkí gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb GKwU ms¯’v| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve gaym~`b‡K Zvi Drcvw`Z †fvR¨‡Z‡ji gvb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ weGmwUAvB †_‡K mb`cÎ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| mb` msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wZwb cÖ_‡g ms¯’vwUi wba©vwiZ di‡g Av‡e`b K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq wd Rgv w`‡q Zvi †fvR¨‡Z‡ji cÖZxK ev †UªWgvK© wbewÜKiY K‡i‡Qb| Z`ycwi c‡Y¨i gvb wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx Zvi cY¨ Drcv`b K‡i weGmwUAvB †_‡K eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e mb`cÎ ev mvwU©wd‡KU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| weGmwUAvB eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui AvIZvaxb c‡Y¨i ZvwjKv msi¶Y K‡i| myZivs, weGmwUAvB KZ©„K ¯^xK…wZi gva¨‡gB Rbve gaym~`b Zvi D™¢vweZ Pv‡ji Kuzov †_‡K ˆZwi †fvR¨‡Z‡ji gvb m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡q‡Qb| cÖkœ-16 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : iwngvi ¯^vgx C‡`i QywU‡Z evwo‡Z Avmvi c‡_ j Wzwe‡Z gviv hvb| ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci iwngv Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i fwel¨r wPšÍv K‡i Zvi ¯^vgx 5 eQi c~‡e© GKwU wegv Pzw³ K‡iwQj| wegv Pzw³i g‡bvbxZ e¨w³ wn‡m‡e wegv †Kv¤úvwb iwngv‡K wegvK…Z A_© cwi‡kv‡ai Avk¦vm w`‡q‡Qb| K. evsjv‡`‡k cÖPwjZ KwcivBU AvBb KZ mv‡ji? 1 L. e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv Avek¨K †Kb? 2 M. iwngvi ¯^vgx †Kvb ai‡bi wegv K‡iwQ‡jb? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. Ôiwngv‡`i g‡Zv Amnvq gvby‡li Rb¨ wegv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡iÕ−Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 16bs cª‡kœi DËi K. evsjv‡`‡k cÖPwjZ KwcivBU AvBb 2005 mv‡ji| L. mKj e¨emvq †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvBb Øviv ¯^xK…Z I ˆea n‡Z nq| ZvQvov e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` †hgb : KwcivBU, †c‡U›U, †UªWgvK© cÖf„wZ msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ me †`‡kB AvBbMZ wewa-weavb i‡q‡Q| ZvB †`‡ki AvB‡bi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖ`k©b I AvBbMZ wewfbœ myweav †fv‡Mi Rb¨B e¨emvq D‡`¨v³v‡`i e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ w`K m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv Avek¨K| M. iwngvi ¯^vgx Rxeb wegv K‡iwQ‡jb| Rxeb wegv n‡jv gvby‡li Rxe‡bi Ici M„nxZ wegv| †h wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvKvix wKw¯Íi wewbg‡q wegv MÖnYKvix e¨w³‡K ev Zvi wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ ev DËivwaKvix‡K GKwU we‡kl mg‡qi ci ev wegvMÖnxZvi g„Zz¨‡Z wegvK…Z A_© cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K †mB wegv Pzw³‡KB Rxeb wegv e‡j| DÏxc‡K iwngv Zvi ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i Zvi ¯^vgx 5 eQi c~‡e© GKwU wegv Pzw³ K‡iwQ‡jb| ZviB †cÖw¶‡Z wegv †Kv¤úvwb iwngvi ¯^vgxi g‡bvbxZ e¨w³ wn‡m‡e iwngv‡K wegvi A_© †`Iqvi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q| D³ A_© nv‡Z †c‡j iwngv I Zvi mšÍv‡biv AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi nvZ n‡Z i¶v cv‡e| ZvB mew`K we‡ePbvq ejv hvq, iwngvi ¯^vgxi wegvwU wQj GKwU Rxeb wegv| N. iwngv‡`i g‡Zv Amnvq gvby‡li Rb¨ wegv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| fwel¨r me©`v AwbwðZ| e¨w³ Rxe‡b AwbðqZv `~i Ki‡Z wegv Kvh©Kvix f‚wgKv iv‡L| †h‡Kv‡bv mg‡q GKRb gvby‡li AKv‡j g„Zz¨ NU‡Z cv‡i| d‡j Zvi cwiev‡ii `y‡f©vM †b‡g Avm‡Z cv‡i| Rxeb wegv cvwievwiK wbivcËvi wbðqZv weavb K‡i| DÏxc‡K iwngvi ¯^vgx Rxeb wegv K‡iwQ‡jb weavq Zvi g„Zz¨‡Z GLb Zvi g‡bvbxZ e¨w³ wn‡m‡e iwngv wegv †Kv¤úvwbi KvQ †_‡K wegvK…Z A_© cv‡e| hvi d‡j iwngv Zvi
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 138 cwievi‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci Rxeb Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Amnvq iwngv‡K Zvi e¨w³MZ m¤ú` wewµ K‡i Pj‡Z n‡Zv| wKš‘ GLb wegvi UvKv †c‡j Zvi e¨w³MZ m¤ú` i¶v cv‡e| Avgv‡`i mgv‡R iwngvi g‡Zv A‡bK gwnjv i‡q‡Qb hviv †Kv‡bv e¨emvq-evwYR¨ ev PvKwi K‡ib bv| ¯^vgxi AKvj g„Zz¨‡Z Zviv gnv wec‡` c‡ob| Zv‡`i G wec` †_‡K ev aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z wegv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| Rxeb wegv gvby‡li e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I RvZxq Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î Kvh©Ki mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| myZivs ejv hvq, iwngv‡`i g‡Zv Amnvq gvby‡li Rb¨ wegv AwaK Zvrch© enb K‡i| cÖkœ-17 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : fwel¨r me©`v AwbwðZ| †h‡Kv‡bv mgq e¨emv‡q eo ai‡bi `~N©Ubv NU‡Z cv‡i, `yN©Ubvq cwZZ n‡q A‡bK e¨emvqx wbt¯^ n‡q hvq| G Kvi‡Y wmqvg mgy`ª c‡_ Pxb †`k †_‡K Zvi e¨emv‡qi gvjvgvj Avbvi Rb¨ GKwU wegv †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nb| Kv‡RB wegvi gva¨‡g ¯^í wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q AwaK wbivcËvi e¨e¯’v nq| K. wegv Pzw³ †h `wjj Øviv m¤úvw`Z nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? 1 L. `yN©Ubv wegv ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 M. evsjv‡`‡k me©vwaK cÖPwjZ wegvi g‡a¨ wmqv‡gi wegvwU †Kvb ai‡bi wegv? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. wmqv‡gi g‡Zv e¨emvqx‡`i †¶‡Î wegvi ¸i“Z¡ g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 17bs cª‡kœi DËi K. wegv Pzw³ †h `wjj Øviv m¤úvw`Z nq Zv‡K wegvcÎ e‡j| L. AwbwðZ Ges AvKw¯§K NUbv‡K `yN©Ubv e‡j| `yN©Ubvi d‡j e¨w³i Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i †h ¶wZ nq Zv Avw_©Kfv‡e †gvKvwejvi Rb¨ †h wegv Kiv nq Zv‡K `yN©Ubv wegv e‡j| `yN©Ubv wegv gvby‡li m¤ú‡`i wbivcËv `vb K‡i| M. evsjv‡`‡k me©vwaK cÖPwjZ wegvi g‡a¨ wmqv‡gi wegvwU †bŠ wegv| Af¨šÍixY I ˆe‡`wkK evwY‡R¨ AwaKvsk cY¨`ªe¨B b`x I mgy`ªc‡_ Rvnv‡R cwievwnZ nq| wewfbœ cÖvK…wZK I AcÖvK…wZK wec‡` A‡bK mgq RvnvR, Rvnv‡Ri cY¨ ev RvnR fvov ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i| †bŠ wegv Pzw³i gva¨‡g wegvKvix †bŠc‡_i Gme SzuwK n«v‡mi wbðqZv †`q| DÏxc‡Ki wmqvg GKRb e¨emvqx| wZwb Zvi e¨emv‡qi gvjvgvj Pxb †_‡K mgy`ªc‡_ Avg`vwb K‡ib| mgy`ªc‡_ cY¨ enb SzuwKc~Y© n‡q _v‡K| wmqvg ZvB e¨emv‡qi gvjvgvj wbivc‡` Avbvi Rb¨ wegv †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nb| wmqvg †bŠ wegvi gva¨‡g Zvi Avg`vwbK…Z c‡Y¨i wbivcËv wbwðZ K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î mgy`ªc‡_ c‡Y¨i hw` ¶wZI nq, †mB ¶wZc~i‡Yi wbðqZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g wegvKvix wegvMÖnxZv‡K Avw_©K wbivcËv w`‡q _v‡K| N. wmqv‡gi g‡Zv e¨emvqx‡`i †¶‡Î wegvi ¸i“Z¡ Acwimxg| mgy`ªhvÎvi mv‡_ RvnvR, RvnvRw¯’Z c‡Y¨i gvwjK Ges cwienb e¨emvqx‡`i ¯^v_© RwoZ _v‡K| †bŠ wec‡`i nvZ †_‡K e¨emvqx‡`i Avw_©K wbivcËv weavb K‡i †bŠ wegv ¯^v”Q‡›`¨ I wbwð‡šÍ e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| KviY SzuwK †ewk n‡j e¨emvqxiv ¯^v”Q‡›`¨ e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| DÏxc‡Ki wmqvg GKRb e¨emvqx| wZwb Zvi e¨emv‡qi gvjvgvj Pxb †_‡K mgy`ªc‡_ wb‡q Av‡mb| ˆe‡`wkK e¨emv‡q gvjvgvj Avbv-†bIqvi Rb¨ mgy`ªc‡_ e¨q me‡P‡q Kg| e¨q ¯^í nIqvq e¨emvqxiv G gva¨gwU‡ZB me‡P‡q †ewk cY¨ cwienb K‡i _v‡Kb| mgy`ªc‡_ cY¨ cwien‡bi †ÿ‡Î SzuwKi gvÎv †ewk nIqvq †bŠ wegvi mn‡hvwMZv Qvov e¨emvq evwYR¨ m¤cÖmviY m¤¢e nq bv| G Kvi‡Y †bŠ wegvi gva¨‡g wmqv‡gi g‡Zv e¨emvqxiv SzuwKgy³fv‡e e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ZvQvov †bŠ wegvi d‡j e¨emvqx‡`i gv‡S e¨emvwqK `¶Zv I MwZkxjZv e„w× cvq| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, †bŠ wegv mgy`ª cwienb e¨e¯’vq we`¨gvb SzuwK Avw_©Kfv‡e †gvKvwejvi e¨e¯’v K‡i wmqv‡gi g‡Z e¨emvqx‡`i e¨emvq m¤cÖmvi‡Y ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK cÖkœ-18 Av‡gwiKvi †KGdwm GKwU weL¨vZ Lvev‡ii †`vKvb| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`kI †KGdwmi Lvevi cvIqv hvq| †Kbbv evsjv‡`‡k †KGdwm d«vbmvBwR i‡q‡Q Ges UªvÝKg wj. Gi e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q| K. ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ ejv nq †KvbwU‡K? 1 L. †c‡U‡›Ui cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. †KGdwm evsjv‡`‡k e¨emvq ¯’vcb Kivq UªvÝKg wj: †h myweav I Amyweavi m¤§yLxb n‡”Q Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 N. UªvÝKg wj: I †KGdwmi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³i AšÍfz©³ welq¸‡jv D‡jøL Ki| 4 cÖkœ-19 X I Y †Kv¤úvwU ci¯úi d«vbmvBRs Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡q‡Q| Pzw³ Abymv‡i Y †Kv¤úvwb X †Kv¤úvwbi ˆZwi B‡jKUªwb· mvgMÖx X †Kv¤úvwbi bv‡gB wewµ Ki‡e| GiB cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z Y †Kv¤úvwb‡K cÖ‡Z¨K gv‡m 5 †KvwU UvKvi cY¨ wewµ Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ X †Kv¤úvwb j¶ Kij †ek K‡qK gvm hver Y †Kv¤úvwb Zv‡`i Uv‡M©U c~iY Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| K. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡q KqwU c¶ _v‡K? 1 L. †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªkb cÖ‡qvRb †Kb? 2 M. X I Y †Kv¤úvwbi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³i welqe¯‘ eY©bv Ki| 3 N. Y †Kv¤úvwb Uv‡M©U c~iY Ki‡Z bv cvivq X †Kv¤úvwbi KiYxq we‡klY Ki| 4 cÖkœ-20 weweG coyqv kvnxb cÖhyw³ †gjv †_‡K GKwU wek¦L¨vZ †Kv¤úvwbi j¨vcUc µq Ki‡jb| wZwb j¨vcUcwU wb‡q wek¦we`¨vj‡q K¬vm Ki‡Z †M‡j j¨vcUcwUi Ici Aa© LvIqvi g‡Zv GKwU Av‡c‡ji Qwe †`‡LB mK‡j eyS‡Z cvi‡jb GwU A¨vcj †Kv¤úvwbi j¨vcUc| kvnxb Ges Zvi eÜziv Rvb‡Z cvij QwewU †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv _vKvq A¨vcj †Kv¤úvwb G ai‡bi GKK cÖZxK e¨env‡ii myweav †c‡q‡Q| K. †c‡U›U †Kvb ai‡bi m¤ú`? 1 L. e¨emv‡q wegvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. j¨vcU‡ci Dc‡ii Aa© LvIqv Av‡c‡ji QwewU Kx wb‡`©k Ki‡Q? eY©bv Ki| 3
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 139 N. A¨v‡cj †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ Av‡c‡ji QwewU †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv KZUv †hŠw³K e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki| 4 cÖkœ-21 Av`bvb Lvb Zvi RbwcÖq eB ÒZiæY I ZiæYx‡`i g‡bi K_vÓ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ gW©vb cvewj‡Kk‡bi mv‡_ GKwU Pzw³ m¤ú`vb Ki‡jb| Pzw³ Abyhvqx cÖKvkbvwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ iq¨vjwUi wewbg‡q ÒZiæY I ZiæYx‡`i g‡bi K_vÓ eBwU gy`ªY I evRviRvZKi‡Yi AvBbMZ AwaKvi jvf K‡ib| wbw`©ó mg‡q iq¨vjwU bv †c‡q Av`bvb Lvb Pzw³ f‡½i Rb¨ Av`vj‡Zi Avkªq †bb| K. PvKwi Kx? 1 L. e¨emvq cwiKíbv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 M. Av`bvb Lvb I gW©vb cvewj‡Kk‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³‡K Kx ejv nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. gW©vb cvewj‡Kk‡bi †ÿ‡Î Pzw³ f½ Kivi cwiYwZ Kx n‡Z cv‡i e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki| 4 cÖkœ-22 GKwU †emiKvwi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aa¨vcK Rbve Lv‡j` Lvb evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZi Ici GKwU M‡elYvg~jK MÖš’ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| eBwU wewfbœ gn‡j mgv`„Z n‡jI evRv‡i wewµ Avkvbyiƒc n‡”Q bv| wZwb †LuvR wb‡q †R‡b‡Qb eBwUi bKj Kwc cÖK…Z `v‡gi †_‡K A‡bK K‡g evRv‡i wewµ n‡”Q| K. c‡Y¨i cÖZxK‡K Kx e‡j? 1 L. c‡Y¨i cÖZxK †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv nq †Kb? 2 M. Rbve Lv‡j` Lv‡bi m„ó KvRwU wK‡mi AšÍM©Z? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. bKj cÖwZ‡iv‡a Rbve Lv‡j` Lv‡bi Kx c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv DwPZ wQj e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki-hyw³ †`LvI| 4 cÖkœ-23 wg. Zv‡iK moK `yN©Ubvq g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci Zvi ¯¿x-mšÍvb‡`i wb‡q wecv‡K c‡ob| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib ¯¿x-mšÍvb‡`i fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i GK eQi Av‡M GKwU wegv Pzw³ K‡iwQ‡jb| K. wegv Kx? 1 L. †bŠ wegv Kivi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. wg. Zv‡iK †Kvb ai‡bi wegv K‡iwQ‡jb? 3 N. wg. Zv‡i‡Ki ¯¿xi g‡Zv Amnvq gvby‡li Rb¨ wegv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i-Dw³wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 cÖkœ-24 Rbve †gveviK cY¨ Avg`vwb evwY‡R¨i mv‡_ RwoZ| mgy‡`ª ev b`x‡Z SoSÅv I RvnvR Wzwe‡Z Avw_©K ¶wZi K_v wPšÍv K‡i GKwU wegv K‡ib Ges wb‡R‡K wbivc` fv‡eb| K. wegvMÖnxZv Kv‡K e‡j? 1 L. e¨emv‡qi R‡b¨ wegv AZ¨šÍ mnvqK †Kb? 2 M. Rbve †gveviK †Kvb ai‡bi wegv Pzw³ K‡i‡Qb Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 N. Rbve †gveviK wb‡R‡K wbivc` g‡b Kivi †hŠw³KZv we‡klY Ki| 4 cÖkœ-25 m¤cÖwZ dzjevwo †M‡Ui ZvRwib Mv‡g©‡›U‡m fqven AwMœKv‡Ê gvwjK ZvRwibmn Mv‡g©›Um d¨v±wiwU c‡o hvq| G‡Z gvwjK ZvRwi‡bi m‡½ m‡½ g„Zz¨ N‡U Ges d¨v±wiwU m¤ú~Y© ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| gvwjK wb‡Ri Rb¨ wegv Ki‡jI d¨v±wiwUi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wegv K‡ibwb| gvwj‡Ki cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨iv gvwj‡Ki g„Zz¨i Kvi‡Y wegv †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K wKQz UvKv †c‡jI KviLvbvi ÿwZi Kvi‡Y Zviv wegv †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K †Kv‡bv Avw_©K ÿwZiƒciY cvbwb| K. d«vbmvBwRs e¨emv‡qi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ Kx? 1 L. e¨w³i Rxeb I m¤úwË webv‡ki SzuwK †Kvb wegvi AvIZvfz³? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. †Kvb wegvwU Kivi Kvi‡Y ZvRwi‡bi cwievi wegv †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K A_© †c‡qwQj? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. ZvRwi‡bi cwievi Avw_©K ÿwZc~iY bv cvIqvi Kvib we‡kølY Ki| 4 Aa¨vq mgwš^Z m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ-26 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : Bmjvg wb‡Ri n¨vPvwi‡Z gv‡Qi †iYy †_‡K gvQ Drcv`b K‡ib| gv‡Qi eqm 3-4 w`b n‡j †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j gvQ Pvwl‡`i wbKU mieivn K‡ib| cw_g‡a¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi `yN©Ubvi m¤§yLxb n‡q gv‡S gv‡S ÿwZi m¤§yLxb nb| wZwb GLb H mgm¨v †_‡K DËi‡Yi Dcvq LyuR‡Qb| K. AvaywbKKv‡j e¨emvq Uz e¨emvq bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq †KvbwU‡K? 1 L. wkí wecø‡ei aviYv `vI| 2 M. Bmjv‡gi KvRwU †Kvb ai‡bi wk‡íi AšÍM©Z? eY©bv Ki| 3 N. Bmjv‡gi mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq we‡kølY Ki| 4 26bs cª‡kœi DËi K. AvaywbKKv‡j e¨emvq Uz e¨emvq bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq evwYR¨‡K| L. wkí m~Pbv N‡U Aóv`k kZvãxi †klfv‡M Bsj¨v‡Û| †Rgm IqvU KZ…©K w÷g BwÄb Avwe®‹v‡ii d‡j Kj-KviLvbv Ges hš¿ e¨e¯’v e¨vcK m¤cÖmvwiZ n‡q bZzb bZzb wkí Ges e¨emv‡qi Avwef©ve NUvq| Gi d‡j wkí‡ÿ‡Î GK bZzb hy‡Mi
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beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 141 cÖkœ \ 4 \ †Kvb cÎwU cvIqvi ci †Kv¤úvwb Rb¥jvf K‡i? DËi : wbeÜbcÎ cvIqvi ci †Kv¤úvwb Rb¥jvf K‡i| cÖkœ \ 5 \ d«vbmvBwRs-Gi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? DËi : d«vbmvBwRs-Gi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ n‡jv d«vbmvBwRs Pzw³| cÖkœ \ 6 \ d«vbmvBRi †K? DËi : whwb cY¨ ev †mev d«vbmvBwRs-Gi gva¨‡g Ab¨‡K cY¨ ev †mev wewµ ev weZi‡Yi AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡ib Zv‡K d«vbmvBRi e‡j| cÖkœ \ 7 \ wek¦ †gavm¤ú` w`em K‡e cvwjZ nq? DËi : wek¦ †gavm¤ú` w`em 26 GwcÖj cvwjZ nq| cÖkœ \ 8 \ me D™¢veb I m„Rbkxj Kg©Kv‡Êi g~‡j Kx i‡q‡Q? DËi : me D™¢veb I m„Rbkxj Kg©Kv‡Êi g~‡j i‡q‡Q †gavm¤ú`| cÖkœ \ 9 \ †c‡U›U Kx? DËi : †c‡U›U GK cÖKvi †gavm¤ú`| cÖkœ \ 10 \ c‡Y¨i AwfbœZv i¶vi Rb¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K Kx e‡j? DËi : c‡Y¨i AwfbœZv i¶vi Rb¨ e¨eüZ cÖZxK‡K †UªWgvK© e‡j| cÖkœ \ 11 \ †UªWgv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi mgqmxgv KZ eQi? DËi : †UªWgv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi mgqmxgv 7 eQi| cÖkœ \ 12 \ KwcivBU †Kvb ai‡bi m¤ú`? DËi : KwcivBU GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© eyw×e„wËK m¤ú`| cÖkœ \ 13 \ KZ mv‡j Dcgnv‡`‡k cÖ_g KwcivBU AvBb cÖYxZ nq? DËi : Dcgnv‡`‡k 1912 mv‡j cÖ_g KwcivBU AvBb cÖYxZ nq| cÖkœ \ 14 \ BSTI-Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx? DËi : BSTI Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution| cÖkœ \ 15 \ e¨emvq SzuwK Kx? DËi : †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y e¨emvq ÿwZi m¤¢vebv‡K e¨emvq SzuwK e‡j| cÖkœ \ 16 \ e¨emv‡qi SzuwK cwinv‡ii †¶‡Î DËg Dcvq †KvbwU? DËi : e¨emv‡qi SzuwK cwinv‡ii †¶‡Î DËg Dcvq n‡jv wegvKiY| cÖkœ \ 17 \ †Kvb wegv ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ bq? DËi : Rxeb wegv ¶wZc~i‡Yi Pzw³ bq| cÖkœ \ 18 \ wcÖwgqvg Kx? DËi : Pzw³ Abyhvqx wegv MÖnxZv GKKvjxb ev wbqwgZ wKw¯Í‡Z †h wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© wegvKvix‡K cÖ`vb K‡i Zv‡K wcÖwgqvg e‡j| cÖkœ \ 19 \ e¨w³i Rxeb ev m¤úwË webv‡ki SzuwK †Kvb wegvi AvIZvfz©³? DËi : e¨w³i Rxeb ev m¤úwË webv‡ki SzuwK `yN©Ubv wegvi AvIZvfz©³| cÖkœ \ 20 \ Rxeb wegvi welqe¯‘ †KvbwU? DËi : Rxeb wegvi welqe¯‘ gvby‡li Rxeb| cÖkœ \ 21 \ e¨emv‡qi ¶wZi m¤¢vebv‡K Kx e‡j? DËi : e¨emv‡qi ¶wZi m¤¢vebv‡K SzuwK e‡j| Abyavebg~jK cÖkœ I DËi cÖkœ \ 1 \ wkíKg©‡K †gavm¤ú` ejv nq †Kb? DËi : †gav I gbb Øviv m„ó KvRB †gavm¤ú`| gvbyl hLb Zvi m„RbkxjZv I wPšÍvfvebvi gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv m¤ú` m„wó K‡i Zv‡K †gavm¤ú` e‡j| wkíK‡g©i KvR gvby‡li †gav I gbbkxjZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| G‡Z gvbwmK kªg RwoZ| †gav‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q gvbyl wkíKg© ˆZwi K‡i| GRb¨B wkíKg©‡K †gavm¤ú` ejv nq| cÖkœ \ 2 \ GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? DËi : †Kv‡bv wKQyi gvwjKvbv hLb GKRb‡KB cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges wZwb Qvov Ab¨ †KD †mwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv ZLb †mwU‡K GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv ejv nq| †gavm¤ú‡`i †¶‡Î GK‡PwUqv gvwjKvbv cÖ`vb Kiv nq| †Kv‡bv †jLv ev wkíK‡g©i †¶‡Î GwUi gvwjK GKKfv‡e Drcv`b I evRviRvZKi‡Yi AvBbMZ AwaKvi jvf K‡i| cÖkœ \ 3 \ wbeÜbcÎ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? DËi : †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¥mb` n‡jv wbeÜbcÎ| cvewjK Ges cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi cÖeZ©bKv‡j †Kv¤úvwbi AvBb Abymv‡i wbeÜK eivei wbw`©ó wd cÖ`vb K‡i wbe܇bi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib| `wjjvw` I cÖgvYcÎ cix¶v-wbix¶v K‡i mš‘ó n‡j wbeÜK †h cÎ Bmy¨ K‡i †mwUB wbeÜbcÎ| wbe܇Ki LvZvq †Kv¤úvwbi bvg †h wbewÜZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi cÖgvY n‡jv wbeÜbcÎ| cÖkœ \ 4 \ †c‡U›U aviYv DrcwËi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi : A‡bK mgq †Kv‡bv Amvay e¨emvqx ev cÖwZ‡hvMx wewa j•Nb K‡i bKj cY¨ evRv‡i weµq K‡i D™¢vebKvix‡K Avw_©Kf‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i| †c‡U›U Kivi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wk‡ív‡`¨v³vi cwikªgjä D™¢veb bKj ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q ˆZwi ev wewµ K‡i hv‡Z Avw_©K myweav AR©b bv Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv| e¨emvq Lv‡Z D™¢veK Gfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q e‡j †c‡U›U aviYvi DrcwË n‡q‡Q| cÖkœ \ 5 \ e¨emv‡qi eyw×e„wË m¤ú` i¶v Kivi Dcvq Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi : e¨emv‡qi eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` †hgb : KwcivBU, †c‡U›U, †UªWgvK© BZ¨vw`| Gme m¤ú` msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ me †`‡kB AvBbMZ wewa-weavb i‡q‡Q| e¨emv‡qi AvBbKvbyb h_vh_ cvjb K‡i e¨emv‡qi eyw×e„wË m¤ú` i¶v Kiv hvq| cÖkœ \ 6 \ gvb wbqš¿Y ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? DËi : cY¨ ev †mevi GKwU j¶¨ gvb wba©viY Kiv nq| GwU miKvwi ms¯’v Ges Ab¨vb¨ KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K wba©vwiZ n‡Z cv‡i| Drcvw`Z cY¨ ev †mev j¶¨gvb AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB-evQvB K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabxg~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnY KivB n‡jv gvb wbqš¿Y| A_©vr c‡Y¨i Kvw•ÿZ gvb eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ †h wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v ZvB gvb wbqš¿Y| cÖkœ \ 7 \ c‡Y¨i gvb wbwðZ Kivi DcvqwU e¨vL¨v Ki? DËi : c‡Y¨i gvb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ weGmwUAvB †_‡K eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e mb`cÎ ev mvwU©wd‡KU msMÖn Ki‡Z nq| weGmwUAvB eva¨Zvg~jK mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui AvIZvaxb c‡Y¨i ZvwjKv msi¶Y K‡i| wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx cY¨ Drcv`b bv Ki‡j mswkó cÖwZôv‡bi weGmwUAvB KZ©„K cÖ`Ë mvwU©wd‡KU ev jvB‡mÝ evwZj n‡q hv‡e| cÖkœ \ 8\ †UªWgvK© †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †jL| DËi : †Kv‡bv cÖZxK ev gv‡K©i †iwR‡÷ªkb H cY¨ ev †mevi †ÿ‡Î cÖZxKwU e¨env‡ii wel‡q †iwR÷vW© gvwjK‡K GK”QÎ ¯^Z¡ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i| †iwR÷vW© gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb H cÖZxKwU e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †iwR÷vW© gvK©wU mycwiwPZ n‡j Ab¨vb¨ cY¨ ev †mevi †ÿ‡ÎI gvwj‡Ki G AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ n‡e| AvBb Øviv G AwaKvi myiwÿZ| G AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j Av`vj‡Z gvgjv K‡i cÖwZKvi cvIqv hv‡e| cÖkœ \ 9 \ wegv Pzw³ ej‡Z Kx †evS? e¨vL¨v Ki|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : e¨emvq D‡`¨vM 142 DËi : †h Pzw³i gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb ev †Kv¤úvwb KZ©„K wbw`©ó wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó e¨w³ ev welq m¤úwË m¤úwK©Z †Kv‡bv NUbvRwbZ ÿwZi ev NUbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó cwigvY cÖ`vb Kiv nq Zv‡K wegv Pzw³ e‡j| wegv Pzw³ †h `wjj Øviv m¤úvw`Z nq Zv‡K wegvcÎ ejv nq| wegvc‡Î wegvi hveZxq kZ© wjwLZ nq| evsjv‡`‡k eZ©gv‡b wegv AvBb, 2010 Pvjy Av‡Q| cÖkœ \ 10 \ AwMœRwbZ ¶wZ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? DËi : Av¸b †hgb gvby‡li cig eÜz †Zgwb GwU gvivZ¥K ¶wZiI KviY n‡q `uvovq| AwMœKv‡Êi d‡j Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i †h ¶wZ mvwaZ nq Zv‡K AwMœRwbZ ¶wZ ejv nq| mvaviYZ cY¨, ¸`vg, KviLvbv, hš¿cvwZ BZ¨vw` Av¸‡b cy‡o G ¶wZi D™¢e N‡U|