2.3 Chemistry Plus

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 425 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 03. wb‡Pi †KvbwU „Oxidation-reduction reaction‟? [MAT. 2019-20] A. NaCl + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgCl B. 2H2S + SO2 2H2O + 3S C. CaCO3 CaO + CO2 D. HF + KOH KF + H2O mwVK DËi: B. 2H2S + SO2 2H2O + 3S e¨vL¨v: †h wewµqvq †g․jmg~‡ni RviY msL¨v n«vm-e„w× N‡U Zv‡K wiW· ev RviY-weRviY wewµqv (Oxidation-reduction reaction) e‡j| 2H2S + SO2 2H2O + 3S wewµqvq wewµqK H2S G S Gi RviY msL¨v 2 Ges SO2 G S Gi RviY msL¨v +4| Aciw`‡K Drcv` S Drcbœ nIqvi mgq S Gi RviY msL¨v e„w× †c‡q‡Q Ges SO2 †_‡K S Drcbœ nIqvi mgq S Gi RviY msL¨v n«vm †c‡q‡Q| ZvB GwU wiW· ev RviY-weRviY wewµqv| 04. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RviK I weRviK Dfq iƒ‡c KvR K‡i? [IU-D, 2019-20; MAT- 17-18] A. Kl B. H2C2O4 C. Na2S2O3 D. H2O2 mwVK DËi: D. H2O2 e¨vL¨v: NO,Fe2+,Cu+ ,H2O2,O3 BZ¨vw` RviK I weRviK Dfq iƒ‡c wµqv K‡i| 05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RviK bq [MAT: 2012-2013] A. MnO2 B. CO C. I2 D. H2O2 mwVK DËi: B. CO RviK mKj AavZz, n¨v‡jv‡Rb (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2), O3, O2, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, cvi A·vBW, cvi-Aw·GwmW I Zv‡`i jeY (KCl, KNO3), WvBA·vBW (MnO2, PbO2), H2O2 Ges BK †h․M mg~n| (FeCl3, SnCl4), (KMnO4 + KOH) I (K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4) G‡`i wgkÖY, A¨v‡Kvqv wiwRqv, cvi A·vBW, cvi Aw· GwmW I Zv‡`i jeY| 06. †KvbwU weRviY wewµqvq N‡U? [MAT: 1997-98] A. aYvZ¥K cigvby AcmviY B. FYvZ¥K cigvby ms‡hvRb C. B‡jKUªb MÖnY D. O cigvby AcmviY mwVK DËi: C. B‡jKUªb MÖnY Board Q. 01. 2FeCl3 + SnCl2 2FeCl2 + SnCl4 GB wewµqvq Sn I Fe Gi g‡a¨ Kx wewµqv N‡U‡Q? A. RviY B. RviY-weRviY C. weRviY D. †f․Z cwieZ©b E. †g․j cwieZ©b mwVK DËi: B. RviY-weRviY e¨vL¨v: 2FeCl3 + SnCl2 2FeCl2 + SnCl4 RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q ZvB RviY weRviY wewµqv| CONCEPT 12 RviY msL¨v I †hvRbx m¤cwK©Z Z_¨vejx Item-01: RviY msL¨v wbY©‡qi wbqgvewj : †h †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ wbq‡gi we‡kl e¨vL¨v I D`vniY †g․j †g․‡ji cigvYyi RviY msL¨v k~b¨| †hgb avZy, H2,Cl2, Fe, Cu BZ¨vw`| GK-cvigvYweK RviY msL¨v Avq‡bi Avav‡bi mgvb| Avqb Fe2+, Fe3+, Cl , O2 Avq‡bi RviY msL¨v h_vµ‡g +2, +3, 1, 2| IA, IIA Ges IIIA MÖæcmg‡ni avZyi †h․‡M avZyi cigvYyi RviY msL¨v IB avZyi MÖæc b¤^i| n¨v‡jv‡Rb (K) mKj †h․‡M F-Gi RviY msL¨v1| (L) n¨v‡jv‡Rb Ges O e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †h †Kvb †g․‡ji cigvYyi mv‡_ MwVZ wØcvigvYweK †h․‡M n¨v‡jv‡Rb cigvYyi RviY msL¨v 1| (M) †Kvb n¨v‡jv‡Rb cigvYyi mv‡_ Dc‡ii ch©v‡qi n¨v‡jv‡Rb cigvYyi †h․M MVb Ki‡j wb‡Pi ch©v‡qi n¨v‡jv‡Rb cigvYyi RviY msL¨v n‡e +1| †hgb, ICl-G I-Gi RviY msL¨v +1 Ges Cl-Gi RviY msL¨v 1| Aw·‡Rb †ewki fvM †h․‡M Aw·‡R‡bi RviY msL¨v2, Z‡e cviA·vB‡W (†hgb, H2O2) O O eÜb _vKvi d‡j O-cigvYyi RviY msL¨v 1| G Qvov F-Gi mv‡_ MwVZ †h․‡M O-Gi RviY msL¨v abvZ¥K| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †ewki fvM †h․‡M H-Gi RviY msL¨v +1| Z‡e avZyi mv‡_ nvBWªvBW MwVZ n‡j (NaH)-Gi RviY msL¨v n‡e 1| †h․M I †h․Mg~jK †h․‡Mi †Kvb AYy‡Z ev ms‡KZ GK‡K mKj cigvYyi RviY msL¨vi †hvMdj k~b¨ n‡e| Z‡e †h․Mg~j‡Ki †ÿ‡Î GB †hvMdj †h․Mg~j‡Ki Avav‡bi mgvb n‡e| †h․Mg~j‡Ki Avavb‡K Zvi RviY msL¨v aiv nq| Item- 02: KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq RviY msL¨v wbY©q t †g․‡ji wewµqvi c~‡e© I c‡i RviY msL¨v ‡g․‡ji ms‡KZ c~‡e© RviYmsL¨v c‡i RviY msL¨v ‡g․‡ji ms‡KZ c~‡e© RviYmsL¨v c‡i RviY msL¨v Cr +6 +3 Mn +7 +2 Fe +2 +3 Cu +2 0 Fe +3 +2 Pb +2 +4 N, P Gi RviY msL¨v +5, +4, +3, +1, –3| bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi bqwU RviY Ae¯’vÑ †h․M NH3 N2H4 NH2OH N2 N2O NO N2O3 NO2 N2O5 RviY gvb –3 –2 –1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 5 GK bR‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq †h․‡Mi RviY msL¨v- [Xv. †ev.2017] ‡h․‡Mi ms‡KZ †K›`ªxq †g․j RviY msL¨v wbY©q mvj [¸iæZ¡] H3PO4 P 13 + x+(-2) 4 = 0x = +5 [JU.2010-2011, DU. 2007-08] H4P2O7 P 14+2x+(–2)7=0 2x =10 X=+5 [IU:2013-2014] H3PO2 P 13 + x + (-2) 2 = 0 x = 1 [JnU.2009-10] HClO4 Cl 1 + x + (-2)4 = 0 x = +7 [JU.2009-2010,2012-2013; RU-08-09] H2SO4 S 12+x+(-2)4=0 ev, 2+x-8=0 x=+6 [RU.2009-10, JU.2009-2010, BUET. 2006- 07, h.‡ev. 2016]

426 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ‡h․‡Mi ms‡KZ †K›`ªxq †g․j RviY msL¨v wbY©q mvj [¸iæZ¡] Na2S2O3 S 12 +2x – 6 = 0 2x = 4 x = + 2 [CU.04-05] [Fe(CN)6] 3- Fe x + (– 1) 6 = +3 x = + 2 [IU.2004-05, SUST. 2006-07] [Fe(CN)6] 4- Fe x + (– 1) 6 = – 4 x – 6 = – 4 x = – 4 + 6 x = + 2 [RU-C3.2017-18, SUST.2007-2008] [Cu(NH3)4] 2+ Cu x + 0 4= +2 x = + 2 K2Cr2O7 Cr (+1)2+X2+(– 2)7 = 0 X = + 6 [JU-D,Set-C: 2019-20, 2018-19; RU-2014- 15;CU-13-14,07-08] Na2Cr2O7 Cr (+1)2 + X 2 + (– 2)7 = 0 X = +6 [JU-D,A:Set-B: 2018-19] S2O3 2- Ges S4O6 2 S S2O3 2- G-(x2)+( – 23)= – 22x– 6=– 22x=4x = +2 S4O6 2-G-(x4)+(–26) = 2 4x–12= –2x= +2.5 [JnU-A.17-18, JU. 2017-18, iv.‡ev. 2016] KMnO4 Mn 1+ x -8 = 0 +7x= +7 [JnU:13-14, 7clg.2018-19, KU. 2014-15] MnO4 - Mn x + (– 2) 4 = – 1 x = +7 [IU.2008-09] K2MnO4 Mn (+1)2 + x+(– 2)4=0 x +6 [7clg,Unit-A:2018-19] [Cr(CN)6] -3 Cr x + (– 1) (6) = – 3 x – 6 = – 3 x = + 3 [RU.08-09, JU:2013-2014, BUET: 2006- 2007, IU.2010-1]] K4[Fe(CN)6] Fe (+1) 4 + x + (–1) 6 = 0 x = + 2 [CU. 2015-16] Na3[Co(NO2)6] Co (+1) 3 + x + (–1) 6 = 0 x = + 3 [CU. 2014-15, 2004-2005] FeCl2 Fe x+(– 1)2 = 0 x = +2 [CU.2001-02, iv.‡ev. 2017] Na3[Co(NO2)6] Co 13+x+(-1)6=0 ev, 3+x-6=0 x=+3 [CU.2011-2012] K3[Fe(CN)6] Fe 1 3 + x + (– 1) 6 = 0 3 + x – 6 = 0 x = + 3 (CU.2008-2009) Na4 [Fe(CN)6] Fe 1 4 + x – 6 = 0 x – 2 = 0 x = + 2 [IU.2002-2003] Na3[Cr(CN)6] Cr 3+x– 6 = 0 x = +3 [SUST.2008-09] H2SiF6 Si 1 2 + x – 6 = 0 x – 4 = 0 x = +4 Na3VO4 V 1 3 + x – 8 = 0 x – 5 = 0 x = +5 NH4VO3 V 1 + x – 6 = 0 x – 5 = 0 x = +5 VO2+ V x –2 = +2 x = +4 [MAT.2001-02] VO2 + V x –4 = +1 x = +5 [MAT.2001-02] Item- 03: RviY msL¨vi e¨envit K) wewµqvi mgZv mva‡b; L) A‣Re †h․‡Mi bvgKi‡Y; M) RviY-weRviY wewµqvi †gvjvi AbycvZ wbY©‡q| Rv‡bv wK ? RviY msL¨v Av‡Q wKš‘ weRviY msL¨v e‡j wKQz †bB wKQz RviK I weRviK c`v‡_©i RviY msL¨v cwieZ©b| RviKt [e. †ev. 2017, Xv. †ev. 2016] ‡h․M cwieZ©bkxj †g․j RviY msL¨v M„nxZ Bt mt wewµqvq cwiewZ©Z iæc bZzb RviY msL¨v RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b KMnO4 (GwmWxq) Mn +7 +5e- Mn2+ +2 5 KMnO4 (ÿviKxq) Mn +7 +1e - K2MnO4 +6 1 KMnO4 (cÖkg) Mn +7 +3e- MnO2 +4 3 K2Cr2O7 Cr +6 +3e- Cr3+ +3 3 (cÖwZ Cr cigvYy‡Z) KClO3 Cl +5 +6e- Cl- -1 6 I2 I 0 -1eI - -1 1 (cÖwZ I cigvYy‡Z) H2O2 (weRviY) O -1 +2e- O 2- -2 1 (cÖwZ O cigvYy‡Z) FeCl3 Fe +3 +1eFe2+ +2 1 weRviKt ‡h․M cwieZ©bkxj †g․j RviY msL¨v M„nxZ/ewR©Z Bt mt wewµqvq cwiewZ©Z iæc bZzb RviY msL¨v RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b H2S S -2 -2eS 0 2 SnCl2 Sn +2 -2eSn4+ 4 2 H2C2O4 C +3 -1e- CO2 +4 1 KI I - -1 -1eI2 0 1 (cÖwZ I cigvYy‡Z) H2 H 0 -1e- H + +1 2 Cu Cu 0 -2e- Cu2+ +2 1 (cÖwZ Cu cigvYy‡Z) Zn Zn 0 -2e- Zn2+ +2 2 H2O2 O -1 -2e- O2 0 1 (cÖwZ O cigvYy‡Z)

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 427 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES Item- 04: RviY msL¨v I †hvRbxi cv_©K¨ t ‡hvRbx RviY msL¨v ‡hvRbx n‡”Q †Kvb †g․‡ji Ab¨ †g․‡ji mv‡_ hy³ nIqvi ÿgZv RviY msL¨v n‡”Q †Kvb †h․‡M ‡g․‡ji Zwor Pv‡R©i cÖK…wZ I msL¨vgvb ‡hvRbx me©`v c~Y© msL¨v RviY msL¨v fMœvsk n‡Z cv‡i ‡hvRbx me©`v wPýwenxb GwU abvZ¥K, FYvZ¥K Ges k~Y¨ n‡Z cv‡i Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-01. wb‡Pi †h․M¸wj‡Z Fe Ges Ni Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? Fe(CO)5 and Ni(CO)4 [BUET. 2003-04] DËi: Fe Gi RviY msL¨v ; Fe(CO)5 x + 0 5 = 0 x = 0 Ni Gi RviY msL¨v ; Ni(CO)4 x + 0 4 = 0 x = 0 cÖkœ-02. wb‡Pi †h․M¸wj‡Z †K›`ªxq cigvYyi RviY msL¨v D‡jøL Ki| [RUET. 2009-10] H2O2, [Cu(NH3)4]SO4, H2SO4 DËi: O Gi RviY msL¨v 1; Cu Gi RviY msL¨v +2; S Gi RviY msL¨v +6 cÖkœ-03. K2Cr2O7 †h․‡M Cr Ges Cl2O7 †h․‡M Cl Gi RviY msL¨v wbY©q Ki| [BUET. 2006-07] DËi: Let, K2Cr2O7 G Cr Gi RviY msL¨v = x Ges (+1) 2 + 2x + (2) 7 = 0 x = +6 (Ans.) Avevi, Cl2O7 G Cl Gi RviY msL¨v y n‡j 2y + (2) 7 = 0 y = +7 (Ans.) REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. BaMnF4 Ges Li2MgFeF6 †h․Mׇq Mn I Fe Gi RviY msL¨v h_vµ‡g , [DU. 2019-20] A. +5, +3 B. +5, +2 C. +4, +3 D. +2, +2 mwVK DËi: D. +2, +2 e¨vL¨v: BaMnF4 + 2 + x+(1 4) = 0 x = + 2 Li2MgFeF6 (+1 2) + 2 + x+(1 6) = 0 x = +2 02. MnO 4 Avqb‡K ethandioate ion w`‡q weRvwiZ Ki‡j Mn Gi RviY gvb n‡jv - [DU-Ka.2017-18] A. 7+ B. 4+ C. 2+ D. 3+ mwVK DËi: C. 2+ e¨vL¨v: 2MnO4 - + 16H+ + 5C2O4 2-2Mn2++8 H2O+10 CO2 03. S2O 2 3 Ges S4O 2 6 mvjdv‡ii RviY msL¨v nj- [DU.2013-2014] A. 2 and 2.5 B. +2 and +2.5 C. 4+ and 6+ D. 2+ and 2 mwVK DËi: B. +2 and +2.5 e¨vL¨v: i) S2O3 2– 2x-6 = -2 x = + 2 ii) S4O6 2– 4x+(-2)6=-2 x = + 2.5 04. cUvwkqvg WvB‡µv‡g‡Ui A¤øxq `ªe‡Y SO2 Pvjbv Kiv n‡j †µvwgqvg mvj‡dU Drcbœ nq| H wewµqvq †µvwgqv‡gi RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b n‡jv- [DU. 12-13, 10-11, CU. 12-13] A. +5 to +3 B. +7 to +4 C. +6 to +3 D. +4 to +2 mwVK DËi: C. +6 to +3 e¨vL¨v: K2Cr2O7 GKwU RviK c`v_©| G‡Z Cr Gi RviY msL¨v +6 A¤øxq gva¨‡g SO2 Pvjbv Ki‡j Gi RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b nq +6 to +3 Ges Gi cwiewZ©Z iƒc `vovq Cr3+ A_v©r K2Cr2O7 †_‡K Cr2(SO4)3 JnU 01. K4[Fe(CN)6] RwUj †h․‡M Fe Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [JnU-2015-16; CU03-04; CU-10-11; MBSTU-17-18; BSMRSTU-17-18; IU-14-15] A. +2 B. +3 C. +4 D. None mwVK DËi: A. +2 e¨vL¨v: if Fe Gi RviY msL¨v x nq, Then, (+1) × 4 + x + (–1) × 6 = 0 x = +2 JU 01. [Cr(CN)6] 3 Avq‡b Cr Gi RviY msL¨v- [JU-D, Set-Q. 2019-20] A. 3 B. +3 C. 4 D. +4 mwVK DËi: B. +3 02. Na3[Co(NO2)6] †h․‡M †Kvev‡ëi RviY msL¨v- [JU-D,Set-C: 2018-19; NSTU-A, 2019-20; CU-2011-12] A.+6 B. +5 C. +4 D. +3 mwVK DËi: D. +3 e¨vL¨v: Na3[Co(NO2)6] †h․‡M Co – Gi RviY msL¨v : +13+x+(-1) 6 = 0 x = +3 03. Na2S2O3 + I2 Na2S4O6 + NaI wewµqvq S Gi RviY gvb e„w× †c‡q‡Q KZ GKK? [JU-A2.2017-18] A. +0.5 B. +1 C. +2 D. +2.5 mwVK DËi: A. +0.5 e¨vL¨v: Na2S2O3 ‡Z S Gi RviY gvb + 2 + 2x - 6 = 0 2x = 4 x = +2 Na2S4O6 ‡Z S Gi RviY gvb + 2 + 4x - 12 = 0 4x = 10 x = + 2.5 S Gi RviY gvb e„w× (2.5 - 2) = + 0.5 04. Stock System Abymv‡i K2MnO4-G Mn -Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [JU-D9.2017-18] A. VI B. VII C. IV D. V mwVK DËi: A e¨vL¨v: awi, K2MnO4 G Mn Gi RviY msL¨v x GLb, 1 2 + x + (-2) 4 = 0 2 + x - 8 = 0 x - 6 = 0 x= + 6 05. RviY-weRviY wewµqvq H2S hLb H2SO4 G cwiewZ©Z nq, ZLb S †g․jwU- [JU. 2012-2013] A. AvUwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i B. AvUwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i C. `yBwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i D. `yBwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i mwVK DËi: B. AvUwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i e¨vL¨v: –2 H2S +6 H2SO4 | GLv‡b RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b 6- (-2) = 8| †h‡nZz RviY msL¨v 8 †e‡o‡Q ZvB 8 wU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i‡Q|

428 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 06. RviY-weRviY wewµqvq KI hLb I2 G cwiewZ©Z nq, ZLb I †g․jwU- [JU. 2012-2013] A. GKwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i B. `yBwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i C. `yBwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i D.GKwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i mwVK DËi: D.GKwU B‡jKUªb eR©b K‡i e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b Av‡qvwW‡bi RviY gvb -1 †_‡K e„w× †c‡q 0 n‡q‡Q| RviY gvb 1 †e‡o‡Q ZvB B‡jKUªb nvwi‡q‡Q ev eR©b K‡i‡Q| 07. RviY-weRviY wewµqvq KMnO4 hLb K2MnO4 G cwiewZ©Z nq, ZLb Mn †g․jwU- [JU. 2012-2013] A. GKwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i B. mvZwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i C. cuvPwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i D. wZbwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i mwVK DËi: A. GKwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b Mn Gi RviY gvb +7 †_‡K +6 n‡q‡Q| A_©vr Mn Gi RviY gvb GK K‡g‡Q| ZvB GKwU B‡jKUªb MÖnb K‡i‡Q| 08. wb‡gœi †Kvb †h․MwU‡Z S Gi RviY msL¨v me‡P‡q Kg? [JU.2009-2010] A. H2SO3 B.H2SO4 C. H2S D. NaHSO4 mwVK DËi: C. H2S e¨vL¨v: H2SO3 12+x+(-2)3 = 0 x = +4 H2SO4 12+x+(-2)4 = 0 x = +6 H2S 12+x = 0 x = -2 NaHSO4 1+1+x+(-2)4 = 0 x = +6 RU 01. O | O Cr O | O O || -Gi Cr Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [RU. 2019-20] A. 10 B. 5 C. 6 D. 3 mwVK DËi: B. 6 e¨vL¨v: CrO5 Gi AYy‡Z Cr Gi RviY msL¨v- cÖwZwU cviA·vBW g~jK (OO) Gi c„wZwU O Gi RviY msL¨v 1 a‡i Ges Cr Gi RviY msL¨v x a‡i cvB = x + 4 (1) + 1 (2) = 0 x 4 2 = 0, x = +6 2wU OO e܇bi (1wU O Gi Rb¨) 4wU O Gi Rb¨ 02. Ca(OCl)Cl †h․‡M Cl Gi RviY msL¨vÑ [RU. 2019-20] A. 1, 1 B. +1, 1 C. +1, 2 D. 1, +2 mwVK DËi: B. +1, 1 e¨vL¨v: Ca(OCl)Cl GKwU AvqwbK †h․M hv Ca2+ Gi mv‡_ ClO Ges Cl AvqwbK eÜb Øviv MwVZ| Ca(OCl)Cl Cl Gi RviY msL¨v Ca Gi RviY msL¨v +1, 1 +2 03. NO †h․‡M N Gi RviY msL¨v n‡jv- [RU-G2.2017-18] A. +1 B. +3 C. +2 D. +4 mwVK DËi: C. +2 e¨vL¨v: x+(-2)=0 x-2=0 x=+2 04. Cr2O 2– 7 G Cr Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [RU.08-09, wm.‡ev. 2018] A. 6 B. -6 C. 3 D. 3 mwVK DËi: A. 6 e¨vL¨v: 2x + (-2) 7 = - 2 2x – 14 = - 2 2x = 12 x = +6 05. †Kvb †h․Mmg~‡ni Kve©‡bi RviYgvb k~b¨ bq? [RU.2008-2009] A. CH2Cl2 B. C6H12O6 C. Na2CO3 D. HCHO mwVK DËi: C. Na2CO3 e¨vL¨v: 12+x+ (–2)3=0 x = +4 CU 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cviA·vBW †h․‡M we`¨gvb? [CU. 2015-16] A. O 2 B. O 2 2 C. O + D. O 2 E. O3 mwVK DËi: B. O 2 2 02. 2S2O 2 3 +I2 S4O 2 6 +2I– wewµqvq Drcvw`Z ‡UUªv_v‡qv‡bU Avq‡b S Gi RviY msL¨v n‡jv ---------| [CU. 2015-16] A. +2 B. +4 C. +2.5 D. +4.5 E. +6 mwVK DËi: C. +2.5 e¨vL¨v: S4O 2 6 ;x 4 + (–2) 6 = –2 x = + 2.5 KU 01. [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Br G CrGi RviY msL¨v KZ? [KU. 2019-20; CoU-A, 2019-20] A. 2 B. +2 C. +3 D. +6 mwVK DËi: C. +3 e¨vL¨v: [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Br G X + 0 4 + (1) 2 + (1)=0 X = +3 02. †h․‡Mi Avavbwenxb AYy‡Z Dcw¯’Z cigvbyi RviY msL¨vi †hvMdj KZ? [KU-A.2017-18] A. 0 B. 1 C. -1 D. Avq‡bi Pv‡R©i mgvb mwVK DËi: A. 0 03. SnCl2 + 2FeCl3 = 2FeCl2 + SnCl4 wewµqvwU‡Z RviK n‡jv- [KU. 2014-15] A. SnCl2 B. Fe+2 C. FeCl3 D. Sn+2 mwVK DËi: C. FeCl3 e¨vL¨v: Dc‡iv³ wewµqvq Sn Gi RviY msL¨v ev‡o (+2 to +4) | A_©vr Sn weRviK ZvB RvwiZ nq| Aciw`‡K Avqi‡bi RviY msL¨v n«vm cvq ZvB FeCl3 RviK| 04. cviA·vBW (H2O2) I mycvi A·vBW (KO2) G Aw·‡R‡bi RviY msL¨v- [KU.2009-2010, JU. 2013-14] A. +2, – 2 1 B. –2, + 2 1 C. –1, – 2 1 D. –1, + 2 1 mwVK DËi: C. -1, - 2 1 e¨vL¨v: 2+2x = 0 x = –1, 1 + 2x = 0 x = – 2 1 05. wewfbœ †h․‡M mvjdv‡ii RviY Ae¯’v KZ? [KU.2007-2008] A. +2 B.+4 C.+6 D. me KqwU mwVK DËi: D. me KqwU e¨vL¨v: wewfbœ †h․‡M mvjdv‡ii RviY Ae¯
v n‡Z cv‡i +2, +4, +6 IU 01. †K¬v‡iU Avqb (ClO3 – ) -G †K¬vwi‡bi RviY msL¨v KZ? [IU. 2015-16] A. +1 B. –2 C. -5 D. +5 mwVK DËi: D. +5 e¨vL¨v: x + (-2) 3 = -1 x - 6 = -1 x = +5 02. gy³ Ae¯’vq RviY msL¨v- [IU.2003-04, PUST. 2012-13] A. +2 B. -2 C. +1 D. 0 mwVK DËi: D. 0 03. †Kvb weRviKwU‡Z Aw·‡R‡bi RviY msL¨v +2 nq? [IU.2002-2003] A. H2O2 B. H2O C. CO2 D. OF2 mwVK DËi: D. OF2 e¨vL¨v: OF2, x + (-1) 2 = 0 x = + 2

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 429 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES DU-7Clg 01. Na2S4O6 †h․‡M S Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [DU-7Clg. 2019-20] A. 1.5 B. 2.5 C. 3.5 D. 4.5 mwVK DËi: B. 2.5 e¨vL¨v: Na2S4O6 (+1 2) + (X 4) + (2 6) = 0 x = + 2.5 cÖLi `„wó: wcÖq wkÿv_©x, g‡b ivL‡e GLv‡b Na2S4O6 G mvjdv‡ii RviY gvb- +2.5 n‡e bv wKš‧ cÖ‡kœ †h․MwUi mwVK RviY gvb †`Iqv wQj bv ZvB Gi RviY gvb +2.5 wn‡me K‡i †ei Kiv n‡q‡Q| Na2S4O6 †h․‡Mi 2wU mvjdv‡ii RviY gvb- 0 I 2wU mvjdv‡ii RviY gvb- +5 Gi KviY AbymÜvb Ki‡Z †M‡j †h․‡Mi MvVwbK ms‡KZ †`L‡Z n‡e| wKQz wKQz †h․‡Mi RviY gvb MvVwbK ms‡KZ †`‡L wbY©q Ki‡Z nq| NaOSSSSONa + + O O O O GB `ywU S Gi RviY gvb 0 2 (+1) + 2 x + 2 0 + 6 (2) = 0 2x + 2 12 = 0 x = +5 02. (NH4)3 [Fe(CN)6] †h․‡M †jvnvi RviY msL¨v KZ? [N.U:2013-2014] A. +5 B. +4 C. +3 D. +2 mwVK DËi: C. +3 e¨vL¨v: 3 (+1) + x + (–1) 6 = 0 ev, x = +3 STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. MnO4 - + 8H+ + me- ⇌ Mn2+ + 4H2O wewµqvwU‡Z m Gi gvb KZ? [SUST-B93-2017-18] A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 7 E. 8 mwVK DËi: C. 5 e¨vL¨v: M nO 8H 5e 4 7 ⇌ Mn H2O 2 4 02. Na2O, Na2O2 I O2 G Aw·‡R‡bi RviY msL¨v h_vµ‡g- [SUST. 2010-11] A. +2, +1, -1 B. +2, +1, 0 C. +2, 0, +1 D. -2, -1, 0 mwVK DËi: D. –2, –1, 0 03. wb‡Pi Na2S2O3 wewµqvi Ges Na2S4O6 †h․‡M S Gi RviY msL¨v h_vµ‡g– 2 Na2S2O3+I2 Na2S4O6 + NaI [SUST.06-07; KU. 07-08, CU. 07-08] A. +2, +2.5 B. +2,+2 C.+2,+3 D.+2,+25 mwVK DËi: A.+2, +2.5 e¨vL¨v: i) Na2S2O3 = 2+2x-6 = 0 x = + 2 ii) Na2S4O6 = 12+4x+(-2)6 x = + 2.5 MBSTU 01. H2O2 G „O‟ Gi RviYmsL¨v KZ? [MBSTU-C2.2017-18] A. 1 B. -2 C. -1 D. 2 mwVK DËi: C. -1 e¨vL¨v: g‡b Kwi, 'O' Gi RviY msL¨v x Avgiv Rvwb, nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi RviY msL¨v= +1 GLb, (+1) 2 + x 2 = 0 ev, 2x + 2 = 0 ev, 2x = - 2 ev, x = -2 2 x = -1 BSMRSTU 01. KO2 ‡h․‡M O Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? [BSMRSTU. B. 2016-17] A. –2 B. –1 C. 1 2 D. – 1 2 mwVK DËi: D. e¨vL¨v: 1 + x 2 = 0 x = – 1 2 02. Na2O2 I KO2 †h․‡M Aw·‡R‡bi RviY gvb h_vµ‡g- [BSMRSTU-C. 2016-17] A. –2, –2 B. –1, –1 C. –1, –2 D. –1, –1/2 mwVK DËi: D. –1, –1/2 CVASU 01. C2H2 †h․‡M C Gi RviY gvb KZ? [CVASU:2018-19] A. +2 B. +1 C. –1 D. –2 mwVK DËi: C. –1 e¨vL¨v: C2H2 ‡h․‡M C Gi RviY gvb : X 2 + (+1)2 = 0 X = -1 STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. HClO3 †h․‡M †K¬vwi‡bi RviY msL¨v- [BUET 2010-2011, CU. 2012-2013] A. + 6 B. + 7 C. 6 D. 7 E. +5 mwVK DËi: E. +5 e¨vL¨v: HClO3 = 1 + x + (-2)3 = 0 x = +5 02. †KvbwUi GKvwaK RviY Ae¯’v bvB? [BUET 2009-2010] A. V B. S C. N D. Ca mwVK DËi: D. Ca STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. Cl2O7 †h․‡M †K¬vwi‡bi RviY msL¨v- [MAT: 2009-2010] A. -7 B. + 9 C. + 7 D. 7 mwVK DËi: C. +7 e¨vL¨v: 22xx (–1 2) 1 7700xx77 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Avqb bq? [MAT: 08-09] A. †eªvwgb B. ‡K¬vwib C. _vqvmvqv‡bU D. mvqvbvBW mwVK DËi: A,B e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b †eªvwgb I †K¬vwib mvaviY n¨v‡jv‡Rb| Giv †Kvb Avqb bq, Aciw`‡K _v‡qvmvqv‡bU I mvqvbvBW FbvZ¥K Avqb| 03. wb‡P D‡jøwLZ RviY msL¨vi wecix‡Z †`Iqv †h․‡Mi †Kvb ms‡KZwU fyj - [MAT: 2008-2009] RviYmsL¨v ms‡KZ RviYmsL¨v ms‡KZ A. +1 N2O C. +4 NO2 B. +2 NO D. +5 NO3 mwVK DËi: D. +5 e¨vL¨v: NO3 G x+3-2 = 0 ev x = +6 04. A‡·vf¨vbvwWqvg (VO2+) I WvB A‡·vf¨vbvwWqvg (VO2 + ) Avqb- G f¨vbvwWqvg Gi RviY Ae¯’v - [MAT: 2001-2002] A. +5, +3 B. +3, +2 C. Df‡qi RviY msL¨v +5 D. +4, +5 mwVK DËi: D. +4, +5 e¨vL¨v: VO2+ V x –2 = +2 x = +4 VO2 + V x –4 = +1 x = +5 05. Br2 + NaOH (conc) – BrO3 + Na+ + H2O; G wewµqvq Br Gi RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b †KvbwU? [e.‡ev. 2017] A. 0 †_‡K +5 B. 0 †_‡K 3 C. +1 †_‡K +5 D. 1 †_‡K +5 Ans A 06. Fe2(CrO4)3 G †µvwgqv‡gi RviY msL¨v KZ? A. +3 B. +4 C. +6 D. +3.5 mwVK DËi: C. +6 e¨vL¨v: Fe2(CrO4)3 G 23 +( x+4-2 ) 3= 0 ev x = +6

430 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CONCEPT 13 RviY- weRviY mgZvKiY I †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ wbY©q Item- 01: RviY weRviY mgZvKiY c×wZt RviY weRviY mgZvKi‡Yi c×wZ `ywU| h_vt cÖ_g c×wZt RviY msL¨v c×wZ wØZxq c×wZt Avqb-B‡jKUªb ev Aa©-wewµqv c×wZ RviY weRviY mgZvKi‡Yi mswÿß wbqgvejxD`vniY-wb‡gœi wewµqvwUi mgZv mva‡b a, b, c, d, e, f Ges g Gi gv‡bi mwVK µg- aK2Cr2O7 + bHCl + cKI dCrCl3 + eKCl + fH2O + gI2 cÖ_g avc, RviK I weRvi‡Ki Zzj¨msL¨v wewbgq Ki‡e| wØZxq avc, Rvi‡K hZUv Aw·‡Rb Av‡Q Drcv‡` ZZ Aby cvwb n‡e| Z…Zxq avc, Dfqcv‡k Aby cigvYy I Avq‡bi mgZv Ki‡e| Dc‡ii cÖ‡kœ Z‚j¨msL¨v K2Cr2O7 Gi 6 hv KI Gi mvg‡b em‡e Ges KI Z‚j¨msL¨v 1 hv K2Cr2O7Gi mvg‡b em‡e| RviK K2Cr2O7 G 7wU Aw·‡Rb Av‡Q| ZvB mvZ Aby cvwb n‡e| cwi‡k‡l, Dfqcv‡k Aby /cigvbyi msL¨v mgvb Ki‡Z n‡e| mgZvK…Z mgxKiY -K2Cr2O7 + 14HCl + 6KI 2CrCl3 + 8KCl + 7H2O + 3I2 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgZvK…Z mgxKiYt ‡dwiK †K¬vivBW I †÷bvm †K¬vivB‡Wi wewµqv- SnCl2 + 2FeCl3 SnCl4 + 2FeCl2 Kcvi mvj‡dU I cUvwmqvg Av‡qvWvB‡Wi wewµqv- 2CuSO4 + 4KI I2 + Cu2I2 + 2K2SO4 ‡mvwWqvg _v‡qvmvj‡dU I Av‡qvwW‡bi RviY-weRviY wewµqv- 2Na2S2O3 + I2 Na2S4O6 + 2NaI A¤øxq gva¨‡g cUvwmqvg WvB‡µv‡gU I Av‡qvWvBW je‡Yi wewµqv- K2Cr2O7 + 14HCl + 6KI 2CrCl3 + 8KCl +7H2O + 3I2 A¤øxq cUvwmqvg WvB‡µv‡g‡Ui mv‡_ †divm je‡bi wewµqv- 6FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + 7H2SO4 = 3Fe2 (SO4)3 + K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + 7H2O A¤øxq cUvwmqvg cvig¨v½v‡b‡Ui mv‡_ A·vwjK GwmW ev A·v‡jU je‡Yi wewµqv- 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2C2O4 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 10CO2 + 8H2O A¤øxq cUvwmqvg cvig¨v½v‡b‡Ui mv‡_ †divm je‡Yi wewµqv- 2KMnO4 + 10FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 8H2O Item–02: ‡gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ wbY©‡qi †K․kjt †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ wbY©‡q Zzj¨msL¨v e¨envi Ki‡j mn‡RB DËi ejv hvq| ‡hgb- Zzj¨msL¨vi Ae¯
vb wewbgq Ki‡jB mivmwi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ †ei n‡q hvq| †hgb- Fe2+ I KMnO4 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 5t1| GLv‡b Fe2+ I KMnO4 Gi Zzj¨ msL¨v h_vµ‡g- 1 I 5| Abyiƒcfv‡e H2O2 I K2Cr2O7 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ- 6t2| A_©vr mvaviYfv‡e m~ÎwU‡K †jLv hvq M1t M2 = e2 t e1| A_©vr Zzj¨msL¨vi wewbgq Ki‡jB †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ n‡q hvq| †hgb- Av‡iv K‡qKwU D`vniY jÿ Ki| H2O2 I KMnO4 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ =5t2 C2O4 2- I K2Cr2O7 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 6t2 ev 3t1 I2 I Na2S2O3 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 1t2 P2O4 I KMnO4 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 5t8 H2S I KClO3 Gi †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 6t2 ev 3t1 Short Ans Question SAQWRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ Broad Ans Question cÖkœ-01. wb‡Pi RviY-weRviY wewµqvwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vICuSO4 + Kl Cu2I2 + K2SO4 + I2 (i) Dc‡ii mgxKi‡Y †KvbwU RviK, †KvbwU weRviK? [PUST. 2019-20] DËi: Cu Gi RviYmsL¨v +2 †_‡K +1 n‡q‡Q, A_©vr B‡j±ªb MÖnY N‡U‡Q ZvB GwU RviK| I2 Gi RviYmsL¨v –1 †_‡K 0 n‡q‡Q, A_©vr B‡j±ªb Z¨vM N‡U‡Q; ZvB GwU weRviK| (ii) Dc‡ii wewµqvwU `ywU Aa© wewµqvq fvM Ki Ges wewµqvwU mgZv Ki| [PUST. 2019-20] DËi: RviY Aa©-wewµqv : 2I– I2 + 2e– ...... (i) weRviY Aa©-wewµqv : Cu2+ + e– Cu+ ..... (ii) mgxKiY (ii) †K 2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i I (i) Gi mgš^‡q cÖvß AvqwbK mgxKiY 2I– I2 + 2e– 2Cu2+ + 2e– 2Cu+ 2Cu2+ + 2I– I2 + 2Cu+ mgZvK…Z wewµqv : 2CuSO4 + 2KI K2SO4 + I2 + Cu2I2 cÖkœ-02. Avqb B‡jKUªb c×wZ‡Z wb‡Pi wewµqvwUi mgZv weavb Ki: [RU. 2019-20] Cr2 O 2– 7 + I– + H+ Cr3+ + I2 + H2O DËi: 2I– I2 + 2e– ................... 3 Cr2 O 2– 7 + 14H+ + 6e– ............. 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6I– + Cr2O 2– 7 + 14H+ 3I2 + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O cÖkœ-03. jNy H2SO4 wgwkÖZ K2Cr2O7 Gi mv‡_ KI je‡Yi RviY-weRviY Aa© wewµqv †`LvI| DËi: RviY Aa©-wewµqv: 2I – 2e I2 ; weRviY Aa©-wewµqv: Cr2O7 2 + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O cÖkœ-04. wb‡¤œi wewµqv¸‡jv m¤úbœ Ki: 5SO2(g) + 2KMnO4 (aq) + 2H2O = ? [BUTex. 2003-04] DËi: 5SO2(g) + 2KMnO4 (aq) + 2H2O = K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 431 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES cÖkœ-05. Aa© wewµqv c×wZi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI, wKfv‡e MnO4 ÿvixq gva¨‡g SO3 2 Avqb‡K RvwiZ K‡i| c~Y© wewµqvwU wjL| [BUET. 2005-06] DËi: weRviY Aa©wewµqv: 2MnO4 + 2e 2MnO4 2 ------------------ (i) RviY Aa©wewµqv: SO3 2 + 2OH SO4 2 + H2O + 2e ------------------ (ii) (i) 2 + (ii) 2MnO4 + SO3 2 + 2OH 2MnO4 2 + SO4 2 + H2O cÖkœ-06. K2Cr2O7 + HCl + KI wewµqvwU m¤úbœ K‡i Avqb B‡jKUªb c×wZ‡Z mgZv weavb Ki| [BUTex. 2010-11] DËi: RviY Aa© mgxKiY: 2I 2e I2 ------------- (i) weRviY Aa© mgxKiY: Cr2O7 2 + 6e + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O -------------- (ii) (i) 3 + (ii) 6I + Cr2O7 2 + 14H+ 3I2 + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O cÖ‡qvRbxq wecixZ Avqb mieivn K‡i, K2Cr2O7 + 14HCl + 6KI 3I2 + 2CrCl3 + 7H2O + 8KCl cÖkœ-07. 2FeCl3 + SnCl2 = 2FeCl2 + SnCl4 GKwU RviY-weRviY wewµqv| RviY-weRviY cwieZ©‡bi Ask `yBwU Avjv`vfv‡e †`LvI| AvaywbK gZev` Abymv‡i cwieZ©b `yBwUi h_v_©Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| [BUET. 2013-14] DËi: 2FeC 3+ l3 + Sn 2+ Cl2 = 2F e 2+ Cl2 + SnC 4+ l4 ; 2Fe3+ + Sn2+ = 2Fe2+ + Sn4+ Sn2+ 2e = Sn4+ (RviY) ; 2Fe3+ + 2e = 2Fe2+ (weRviY) Here, Sn2+ leaves two e which is immediately taken by Fe3+ ion and two Fe3+, taking e turn into Fe2+, So, Fe3+ is reduced and Sn2+ is oxidised. So, here redox process is present simultaneously. cÖkœ-08. SnSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + 7H2SO4 wewµqvwUi mgZvK…Z mgxKiY wjL| [BUTEX: 19-20] DËi: Sn2+ Sn4+ + 2e– .................... (i) Cr2 O 2– 7 + 14H+ + 6e – 2Cr3+ + 7H2O ................... (ii) (i) 3+(ii)3Sn2+ +Cr2O 2– 7 +14H+ 3Sn4+ + 2Cr3+ +7H2O 3SnSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + 7H2SO4 3Sn(SO4)2 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7H2O (Ans.) REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION DU 01. 2KNO3 2KNO2+O2 wewµqvwU‡Z RvwiZ I weRvwiZ †g․j h_vµ‡g Kx Kx? [DU,Unit-A:2018-19] A. nitrogen and oxygen B. oxygen and nitrogen C. potassium and oxygen D. nitrogen and potassium mwVK DËi: B. oxygen and nitrogen e¨vL¨v: O3 6 N 5 K 1 2 2 O2 0 O 4 N 3 K 1 2 RviY weRviY 2K N O3 2K N O2+ 02. wb¤œ wjwLZ RviY-weRviY wewµqvi Drcv`mg~n Kx? [DU,Unit-A:2018-19] K2Cr2O7(aq)+H2SO4(aq)+FeSO4(aq)Products (Drcv`mg~n) A. K2SO4, Fe2(SO4)3, H2O B. K2SO4, Cr2(SO4)3, H2O C. Cr2(SO4)3, Fe2(SO4)3, H2O D. K2SO4, Cr2(SO4)3, Fe2(SO4)3, H2O mwVK DËi: D. K2SO4, Cr2(SO4)3, Fe2(SO4)3, H2O e¨vL¨v: K2Cr2O7+7H2SO4+6FeSO43Fe2(SO4)3+Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+7H2O 03. wb‡¤œi mgZvK…Z wewµqvi mn¸‡jvi gvb n‡jv Ñ [DU-Ka. 2014-15] a NH3 + b O2 c NO + d H2O A. a = 2, b = 3, c=2, and d = 3 B. a = 4, b = 7, c = 4, and d = 4 C. a = 4, b = 5, c=4, and d = 6 D. a = 6, b = 7, c = 6, and d = 9 mwVK DËi: C. a = 4, b = 5, c=4, and d = 6 e¨vL¨v: 2 NH3 + 5/2 O2 2 NO + 3 H2O 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O (Dfqcv‡k AYy cigvYyi msL¨v mgvb K‡i) 04. wb‡gœi wewµqvwU c~iY Ki- [DU.2009-2010] 6Fe2++Cr2O7 2- +14 H+6Fe3++ ..... + 7H2O A. Cr2+ B. Cr3+ C. 2Cr3+ D. Cr(OH)3 mwVK DËi: C. 2Cr3+ e¨vL¨v: 6Fe2+ + Cr2O7 2- + 14 H+ 6Fe3+ +2Cr3+ + 7H2O JnU 01. GKwU †g․‡ji mvaviY RviY msL¨v-2 n‡j †g․jwUi ewn‡eóbx‡Z KqwU B‡j±ªb _vK‡e? [JnU.2010-2011] A. 7 B. 3 C. 6 D. 4 mwVK DËi: C. 6 e¨vL¨v: RviY msL¨v -2 †_‡K eySv hv‡”Q †g․jwU 2wU B‡jKUªb MÖnb K‡i AóK c~Y© K‡i‡Q| Kv‡RB †g․jwUi †kl Kÿ c‡_i B‡jKUªb msL¨v 6| JU 01. 2KMnO4+8H2SO4+10FeSO4 K2SO4+5Fe2(SO4)3 wewµqvi †gvU KZwU B‡jKUªb Av`vb cÖ`vb N‡U? [JU-A. 2016-17] A. 5 wU B. 8 wU C. 10 wU D. 15 wU mwVK DËi: A. 5 wU e¨vL¨v: †h‡nZz Mn Gi RviY msL¨v +7 †_‡K cwiewZ©Z n‡q +2 n‡q‡Q ZvB 5wU B‡jKUª‡bi Av`vb-cÖ`vb n‡q‡Q| 02. A¤øxq KMnO4 Rvi‡K Mn-Gi cÖv_wgK I cwiewZ©Z RviY msL¨v h_vµ‡g- [JU-D. 2016-17] A. +7, +4 B. +2, +7 C. +2, +4 D. +7, +2 mwVK DËi: D. +7, +2 03. wb‡gœi wewµqvwUi mgZv mva‡b a, b, c, d, e, f Ges g Gi gv‡bi mwVK µgweb¨vm †KvbwU? [JU. 2012-2013] aK2Cr2O7 + bHCl + cKI dCrCl3 + eKCl + fH2O + gI2 A. 1, 14, 2, 6, 7, 8, 3 B. 1, 14, 6, 2, 8, 7, 3 C.14, 1, 2, 6, 3, 8, 7 D. 1, 14, 6, 2, 3, 7, 8 mwVK DËi: B. 1, 14, 6, 2, 8, 7, 3

432 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES e¨vL¨v: RviY weRviY mgZvKi‡Yi mswÿß wbqgvejx1g avc, RviK I weRvi‡Ki Z‚j¨msL¨v wewbgq Ki‡e| 2q avc, Rvi‡K hZUv Aw·‡Rb Av‡Q Drcv‡` ZZ Aby cvwb n‡e| 3q avc, Dfqcv‡k Aby cigvYy I Avq‡bi mgZv Ki‡e| Dc‡ii cÖ‡kœ Z‚j¨msL¨v K2Cr2O7 Gi 6 hv KI Gi mvg‡b em‡e Ges KI Z‚j¨msL¨v 1 hv K2Cr2O7 Gi mvg‡b em‡e| RviK K2Cr2O7 G 7wU Aw·‡Rb Av‡Q| ZvB 7 Abycvwb n‡e| cwi‡k‡l, Dfqcv‡k Aby/cigvbyi msL¨v mgvb Ki‡Z n‡e| RU 01. †Kvb ivmvqwbK wewµqvq [Fe(CN)6] 3- hLb [Fe(CN)6] 4- G cwiewZ©Z nq ZLb - [RU-H.2016-17] A. 1wU †cÖvUb nvivq B. 1wU B‡jKUªb jvf K‡i C. 1wU B‡jKUªb nvivq D. 1wU †cÖvUb jvf K‡i mwVK DËi: B. 1wU B‡jKUªb jvf K‡i e¨vL¨v: [Fe(CN)6]3- [Fe(CN)6] 4- [Fe(CN)6] 3- G Fe3+ Ges [Fe(CN)6]4- G Fe2+ ZvB Fe3+ †_‡K Fe2+ G †M‡j GKwU B‡j±ªb jvf K‡i | 02. Na2S2O3 RvwiZ n‡q Na2S4O6 G iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| cÖ_gwUi 1wU mvjdvi KZwU B‡j±ªb Z¨vM Ki‡e? [RU-H. 2015-16] A. 0.5 wU B. 0.25 wU C. 1 wU D. 2 wU mwVK DËi: A. 0.5 wU e¨vL¨v: Na2S2O3 Na2S4O6 1wU S Z¨vM K‡i 0.5wU B‡jKUªb 2 wU S Z¨vM K‡i 1wU B‡jKUªb ; Na2S2O3 Gi Zzj¨ msL¨v = 1 03. †Kvb wewµqvwU mwVK? [RU.2008-2009] A. CuSO4 + 2KI Cul2 + K2SO4 B. CuSO4 + 2KI CuO + K2SO4 + I2 C. 2CuSO4 + 4KI Cu2l2 + 2K2SO4 + I2 D. ‡KvbwUB bq mwVK DËi: C. 2CuSO4+ 4KI = Cu2l2 + 2K2SO4 + I2 CU 01. S2O3 2- +10H+ +8Cl– 2H2S+4Cl2+3H2O wewµqvq GK †gvj S2O3 2- KZ †gvj B‡j±ªb MÖnY K‡i? [CU-G. 2016-17] A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 mwVK DËi: D. 8 e¨vL¨v: D³ wewµqvi weRviY Aa©wewµqv- S2O3 2– +10H+ +(8e- ) 2H2S+3H2O †hLv‡b 1mol S2O3 2- 8wU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i| 02. H2SO4 + K2Cr2O7 + KI Gi wewµqvq cÖavb Drcv`wU nj- [CU:2013-2014] A. I2 B. Cr2(SO4)3 C. K2SO4 D. Cr2O3 E. CrI3 mwVK DËi: A. I2 e¨vL¨v: H2SO4 + K2Cr2O7+KI K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + H2O 03. 6KI+K2Cr2O7+14HCl 3I2+2CrCl3 DcwiD³ mgxKiYwU AvqZb B‡jKUªb c×wZ‡Z mgZv cvq hw` mgxKi‡Yi Wvb w`‡K †hvM Kiv nq- [CU.2006-2007] A. 18 KCl B. 2H2O C. 8 KCl D. 8 KCl+ 7 H2O E. 10 KCl mwVK DËi: D. 8 KCl+ 7 H2O e¨vL¨v: 6KI+ K2Cr2O7 +14HCl 3I2 + 2CrCl3 + 8KCl + 7 H2O IU 01. Zij weRviK †KvbwU? [IU-F,Set-B:2018-19, Kz.‡ev. 2017] A. H2O2 B. HNO3 C. H2SO3 D. H2SO4 mwVK DËi: A. H2O2 e¨vL¨v: HNO2, HI, HBr,H2O2 n‡jv Zij weRviK| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION SUST 01. Cr2O7 2– + 14H+ + ne– 7H2O wewµqvwU‡Z n Gi gvb KZ? [SUST-A. 2019-20] A. 3 B. 1 C. 6 D. 4 E. 9 mwVK DËi: C. 6 e¨vL¨v: Cr2O7 2 + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O [RviY Aa© wewµqv] 02. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU weRviK ? [SUST-A,Set-Kha 2018-19] A. Pb2+ B. Sn2+ C. H2SO4 D. HNO3 mwVK DËi: B. Sn2+ 03. 2CuSO4 + 4KI I2 + Cu2I2 + 2K2SO4 wewµqvwU‡Z RviK c`v_© KqwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i? [SUST. 2014-15] A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 4 E. 6 mwVK DËi: C. 2 e¨vL¨v: 2I 2e I2; 2Cu+ + 2e 2Cu+ 04. Cr2O7 2- +14H+ +?2Cr3+ + 7H2O wewµqvwU m¤úbœ Ki‡Z KqwU B‡jKUªb cÖ‡qvRb? [SUST.2010-11;NSTU.2019-20] A. 3 wU B. 6 wU C. 9 wU D. 2 wU mwVK DËi: B. 6 wU e¨vL¨v: Cr2O7 2- +14H+ + 6e– 2Cr3+ + 7H2O cÖwZwU Cr 3wU K‡i †gvU 6wU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i| 05. GKwU `ªe‡Y CuSO4 I KI †Kvb Abycv‡Z _vK‡j wb‡gœi RviY weRviY cÖwµqvwU m¤ú~b© n‡e? [SUST.2009-10] CuSO4 (aq)+Kl (aq) I2 (aq)+Cu2I2+K2SO4 (aq) A. 2:1 B. 1: 2 C. 1:4 D. 4:1 mwVK DËi: B. 1: 2 e¨vL¨v: mgZvK‡i cvB, 2CuSO4 + 4KI = I2 +Cu2I2+2K2SO4 ‡gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ = 2CuSO4 t 4KI= 2 t 4 = 1 t 2 PUST 01. wb‡¤œ wewµqvq †KvbwU RviK I †KvbwU weRviK : Mn(NO3)2 + NaBiO3 + HNO3 NaMnO4 + Bi(NO3)3 + .... [PUST. 2019-20] A. HNO3 RviK I Mn(NO3)2 weRviK B. HNO3 RviK I NaBiO3 weRviK C. Mn(NO3)2 RviK I NaBiO3 weRviK D. NaBiO3 RviK I Mn(NO3)2 weRviK mwVK DËi: D. NaBiO3 RviK I Mn(NO3)2 weRviK e¨vL¨v: Rvi‡Ki weRviY I weRvi‡Ki RviY N‡U| Mn(NO3)2 + NaBiO3 –––– NaMnO4 + Bi(NO3)3 + ...... +2 +5 +7 +3 RviY weRviY NSTU 01. A¤øxq `ªe‡Y NO– 2 Avqb I – Avqb‡K RvwiZ K‡i I2 G iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i| NO– 2 weRvwiZ n‡q Kx nq? [NSTU-C. 2019-20] A. NO2 B. NO C. N2O7 D. NH4 mwVK DËi: B. NO e¨vL¨v: NO2 – + I– + 2H+ 1 2 I2 + NO + H2O 02. cÖ`Ë wewµqvwU m¤úbœ Ki‡Z KZwU B‡jKUªb cÖ‡qvRb? [NSTU-C. 2019-20] Cr2O 2+ 7 + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O A. 3wU B. 6wU C. 9wU D. 2wU mwVK DËi: B. 6wU e¨vL¨v: Cr2O 2– 7 + 14H+ + 6e– 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 433 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK AvqwbK mgxKiY- [BUET: 2008-2009] A. 3 2 2 2 3 Cr2O7 H Fe 2Cr H O Fe B. 3 2 2 2 3 Cr2O7 14H Fe 2Cr 7H O Fe C. 3 2 2 2 3 Cr2O7 14H 6Fe 2Cr 7H O 6Fe D. 3 2 2 2 3 Cr2O7 10H Fe 2Cr 5H O 6Fe mwVK DËi: C. 3 2 2 2 3 Cr2O7 14H 6Fe 2Cr 7H O 6Fe 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb Avq‡bi jeb KI Gi Rjxq `ªeY n‡Z I2 Drcbœ Ki‡Z mÿg? [BUET: 2004-2005] A. Cu2+ B. Fe2+ C. Mg2+ D. Ag+ mwVK DËi: A. Cu2+ e¨vL¨v: CuSO4 + KI = Cu2I2 + K2SO4+I2 KUET 01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb mvjdvBW‡K A¨v‡Kvqvm †eªvwgb `ªe‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q PvwjZ Ki‡j Zv RvwiZ n‡q mvjwdDwiK GwmW Drcbœ K‡i| mgZvK…Z wewµqvwU‡Z KZ †gvj B‡jKUªb Av`vb-cÖ`vb nq? [KUET. 2011-12] A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 E. 10 mwVK DËi: D. 8 e¨vL¨v: H2S 2 + 4Br2 + 4H2O H2S +6 O4 + 8HBr S Gi RviY msL¨vi cwieZ©b = 8 8 mole B‡jKUªb Av`vb-cÖ`vb n‡q‡Q| 02. STP †Z 22.4 L H2 M¨vm 11.2 L Cl2 M¨v‡mi mv‡_ wgwkÖZ K‡i HCl M¨vm •Zix Kiv nj| Drcbœ HCl M¨vm Gi cwigvY (†gv‡j) KZ n‡e? [KUET. 2016-17] A. 0.5 B. 0.75 C. 1.0 D. 1.5 E. 2.0 mwVK DËi: C. 1.0 e¨vL¨v: H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2HCl(g) limiting reagent = Cl2; nCl2 = 11.2 22.4 = 0.5 mol nHCl = 1 mol RUET 01. wb‡gœi wewµqv n‡Z K2Cr2O7 I FeII je‡Yi †gvjvi AbycvZ †ei Ki| [RUET. 2013-14, w`. †ev.17] K2Cr2O7+7H2SO4+6FeSO4 3Fe2(SO4)3+K2SO4+Cr2(SO4)3+7H2O A. 1 : 3 B. 1 : 5 C. 1 : 6 D. 2 : 3 E. None mwVK DËi: C. 1 : 6 e¨vL¨v: cÖwZ †gvj K2Cr2O7 Gi mv‡_ 6 †gvj FeSO4 wewµqv K‡i| BUTex 01. S2O 2 3 +I22I- +S4O 2 6 wewµqvwUi mgZvK„Z mgxKi‡Y S2O 2 3 Gi †gvj msL¨v KZ? [BUTex-2016-17] A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 mwVK DËi: A. 2 e¨vL¨v: mgZvK…Z mgxKiY: 2S2O 2 3 +I2 2I– + S4O 2 6 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION Board Ques. 01. K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O G wewµqvq RviK I weRvi‡Ki †gvj msL¨vi AbycvZ KZ? [w`.‡ev. 2016] A. 1:6 B. 6:1 C. 7:1 D. 7:6 02. MnO4 + C2O4 2 + H+ Mn2+ + CO2 + H2O; [wm.‡ev. 2015] A. 1:5 B. 2:5 C. 5:2 D. 1:6 + CONCEPT 14 `ªe‡Y NbgvÎv wbY©‡q weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©‡q weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi e¨envi t weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© (Beer-Lambert) m~ÎwU cÖK…Z c‡ÿ Beer–Lambert – Bouguer Gi m~Î| m~ÎwU wfbœ wfbœ mg‡q wfbœ iƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ nq| 1729 mv‡j Pierre Bouguer, 1760 mv‡j Heinric Lambert Ges 1760 mv‡j August Beer GKeY©x Av‡jvK iwk¥ GKwU mgmZ¡ gva¨‡gi ga¨ w`‡q AwZµvšÍ n‡j Av‡jvK iwk¥i ZxeªZv n«vm cvq| j¨v¤^v‡U©i m~Î: ‡Kvb ¯^”Q gva¨‡gi ga¨ w`‡q GKeY©x Av‡jvK iwk¥ Pvjbv Ki‡j gva¨‡gi cyiæ‡Z¡i m‡½ Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZv n«v‡mi nvi Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZvi mgvbycvwZK| m~ÎwUi MvwYwZK iƒc – dI dx I ----------- (i) AvcwZZ Av‡jvi wK cwigvb ( KZ Ask) `ªe‡Y ‡kvwlZ nq Zv cÖavbZ wZbwU wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i| h_v- `ª‡ei •ewkó¨ `ªe‡Yi •`N©¨ ev Av‡jvi AwZµvšÍ c_ `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv j¨v¤^v‡U©i m~‡Îi MvwYwZK cÖwZcv`b: It = Io e –kl ,It = wbM©Z iwk¥i ZxeªZv, Io = AvcwZZ iwk¥i ZxeªZv, l = ‡Kv‡li cyiæZ¡ ev ¯^”Q gva¨‡gi cyiæZ¡, K = mgvbycvwZK aªæeK| weqv‡ii m~Î: Ò†Kvb `ªe‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q GKeY©x Av‡jvK iwk¥ cÖevwnZ Ki‡j `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎvi mv‡_ Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZvi n«v‡mi nvi Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZvi mgvbycvwZK|Ó A_©vr, dI dc I Av‡jvi ZxeªZv n«vm I cv‡Îi cyiæ‡Z¡i g‡a¨ m¤úK© †`Lvb weÁvbx j¨v¤^vU©| Av‡jvi ZxeªZv n«vm I `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎvi g‡a¨ m¤úK© †`Lvb weÁvbx weqvi| * Gfv‡e g‡b ivL‡Z cvi: weqvi = Zij = `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv j¨v¤^vU© = j¤^v = cyiæZ¡| weqv‡ii m~‡Îi MvwYwZK cÖwZcv`b: It = Io e –KC weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~Î: †Kv‡bv `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv C, Gi Dci †Kvb GKeY©x Av‡jvKiwk¥i ZxeªZv I0 I `ªe‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q Av‡jvK iwk¥wU| `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kivi ci Gi ZxeªZv I n‡j, weqvi I j¨vgev‡U©i m~Î mgš^q K‡i cvIqv hvq - I = I0 10kkbc I = I0 10Cl log I0 I = Cl = ‡gvjvi ‡kvlY mnM ev aªæeK ev ‡gvjvi A¨veme©wUwfwU| C l I0 I cvU©-03 we‡kølYx imvqb

434 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi weKí cÖwZcv`b: A = Cl; ‡hLv‡b, log Io It = A = absorbance Avevi D³ m~ÎwU‡K wb‡¤œv³ fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv hvq- A = abc; ‡hLv‡b, a = Molar Extinction Co-efficient, b = ‡Kv‡li cyiæZ¡ ev •`N©¨, A = log Io It ‡K Optical density () ev Extinction (E) bv‡gI AwfwnZ Kiv hvq| ‡cÖwiZ iwk¥i ZxeªZvi mv‡_ wbM©Z iwk¥i ZxeªZv AbycvZ‡K Transmittance e‡j| Transmittance, T = It Io ev, A = – logT ‡K Molar absorbtivity or Molar extinction co-efficient ( = A bc ) e‡j| GLv‡b, `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv (c) molL–1 GK‡K ¯^”Q gva¨g ev ‡Kv‡li •`N©¨ (l) cm GK‡K Ges ‡gvjvi ‡kvlb mnM () Lmol–1 cm–1 GK‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq| ‡R‡b ivLv fv‡jvt eY©wgwZ I eY©vjxwgwZi g~jbxwZ GB m~‡Îi Dci cÖwZwôZ| weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi cÖ‡qvM:- eY©hy³ `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©q Kiv hvq| †¯ú‡±ªvd‡Uv‡gwUªK we‡køl‡Y| AYyi AvK…wZ Rvbv hvq| ‣Re ‡h․‡Mi MVb wbY©q Kiv hvq| weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~Î Kv‡R jvwM‡q Jla wk‡í NbgvÎv Z_v wbw`©ó `ªe‡Y ev U¨ve‡j‡U Kx cwigvY Jla i‡q‡Q Zv wbY©q Kiv nq| weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi wePz¨wZ ev mxgve×Zv : `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv C > 0.10M n‡j weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î GB †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| KviY GB †ÿ‡Î absorbance Ges concentration Gi Plot Ki‡j Curve NbgvÎvi w`‡K m‡i hvq| d‡j wfbœ wfbœ †gvjvi A¨veme©wUwfwU cvIqv hvq| `ªve‡Ki mwnZ `ª‡ei ms‡hvRb ev `ªe‡Y `ª‡ei we‡qvRb NU‡j weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| Measured Sample G reflective index Gi cwieZ©b NU‡j weqvi j¨v¤^vU©- m~Î: cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| Monochromatic light (GKeY©x Av‡jvK) e¨envi bv Ki‡j Absorbance Gi gvb wfbœ wfbœ nq| d‡j weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î AKvh©Ki nq| A¨vemi‡eÝ ebvg NbgvÎv ‡jLwPÎ AsKb K‡i `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©q Kiv nq| ‡jLwPÎwU jÿ Ki- C NbgvÎv we‡kvlY gvÎv A Calibration Curve Slove: tt WRITEEN GENERAL METHOD MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM [MATH] MCQ SHORTCUT TRICKS Ex-01 GKwU 1.0cm †m‡j GKwU bgybvi wbY©q †¯úK‡UªvwgUvi KZ…©K GKwU wbw`©ó Zi½ •`N¨© 80% Av‡jv UªvÝwgU K‡i| G Zi½ •`‡N¨© bgybvi A¨veR©cwUwfwU 2.0| bgybvi NbgvÎvi wbY©q Ki| mgvavbt cÖkœvbymv‡i, % T = 80%, myZivs, T = 0.80 (‡h‡nZzT = % T 100 , a = 2.0 A = log 1 T =abc log 1 0.80=2.0cm–1 .L1.0cmc log 1.25 = 2.0g–1 Lc c = 0.10 2.0 = 0.05g/L Ex-02 1 †mwg `xN© †m‡j Kve©b †UUªv‡K¬vivBW gva¨‡g A †h․‡Mi ARvbv NbgvÎvwewkó GKwU `ªe‡Yi 361 nm G we‡kvlY 0.680 n‡j A †h․‡Mi NbgvÎv KZ? [ =1.10104 (log = 4.04)] mgvavbt cÖkœvbymv‡i, A = 0.680, = 1.10104 cm –1 .mol–1 .b=1cm myZivs, A = bc, 0.680 = 1.10104 cm–1 .mol–1 .L 1cmc c = 6.18 10–05 M. Ex-03 1cm •`N©¨ wewkó GKwU ‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv `ªeY ‡i‡L Dnvi we‡kvlY 0.156 cvIqv †Mj| `ªe‡Yi †gvjvi †kvlY mnM 1.2104 n‡j `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv KZ? mgvavb: weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~Î n‡Z Avgiv Rvwb, A = abc ev, c = A ab ev, c = 0.156 1.2104 1 = 1.310–5M GLv‡b, A = 0.156 ,a = 1.2104 , b = 1 c =? Ex-04 GKwU `ªe‡Yi = 1.0105 Lmol–1 cm–1 Ges Gi c‡_i •`N©¨ 1.0cm Ges A= 1 n‡j `ªeYwUi NbgvÎv KZ? mgvavbt c = A l = 1.0 1.0105 1.0 molL–1 = 1.010–5molL–1 ; GLv‡b, = 1.0105mol–1 cm–1 , l = 1.0cm ,A = 1.0 Ex-05 1 cm †Kv‡l 1200 Lmol–1 cm–1 †gvjvi A¨veRc©wUwfwU () wewkó †Kvb `ªe‡Yi we‡kvlY (A) KZ n‡e? †hLv‡b `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv 0.00035M| mgvavbt weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î †_‡K, A = ct; cÖ‡kœ cÖ`Ë gvb ewm‡q, A = 12000.00035M 1 = 0.42 (Ans. 0.42) Ex-06 †Kvb GKwU Zi½ •`N¨© 5cm †Kv‡l GKwU `ªe‡Yi we‡kvlY (A) Ges †gvjvi A¨veRc©wUwfwU () h_vµ‡g 1.875 Ges 100 Lmol–1 cm–1 `ªeYwUi NbgvÎv (c) KZ? mgvavbt weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î †_‡K, A = ct C = A t ; cÖ‡kœ cÖ`Ë gvb ewm‡q, c = 1.875 1005 M= 0.00375M

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 435 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION RU 01. †¯úK‡Uªvd‡Uv‡gwUªK †ÿ‡Î †Kvb m¯úK©wU mwVK b‡n? [RU-H1.2017-18] A. A=log(I0/1) B. A=cl C. %T = (I/I0)100 D. logT= A mwVK DËi: D. logT= A e¨vL¨v: A = log I IO = -log O I I =- log T IU 01. GKwU `ªe‡Yi †gvjvi G·wUsKkb †kvlY aªæeK 2 105 wjUvi †gvj-1 †mwg1 , `ªe‡Yi cyiZ¡ 2 †mwg Ges †kvlY 5 n‡j `ªeYwUi NbgvÎv-[IU-D. 2016-17] A. 1.25 10-6 ‡gvj wjUvi–1 B. 1.25 10-7 ‡gvj wjUvi–1 C. 1.25 10-5 †gvj wjUvi–1 D. ‡KvbwUB bq e¨vL¨v: A = Cl ; 5 = 2×105 ×C×2 C = 2 10 2 5 5 = 1.25 × 10-5 †gvj × wjUvi–1 | STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION BUET 01. 100 cm3 Rjxq `ªe‡Y †Kv‡bv †h․‡Mi (AvYweK fi 18800 g/mol) 0.95 g `ªexf~Z Av‡Q| 580 nm Zi½ •`‡N©¨ Ges 10 cm c‡_i •`‡N©¨ †kvlY 0.06 n‡j `ªeYwUi †gvjvi †gvlY aªæeK KZ? [BUET. 2016-17] e¨vL¨v: NbgvÎv, C = 0.95 18800 0.1 M = 5.05 104 M A = Cl; = A Cl = 0.06 10 5.05 104 L mol1 cm1 = 11.874 L mol1 cm1 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION Board Ques. 01. †gvjvi †kvlY mnM Gi GKK †KvbwU? [Xv.‡ev. 2016] A. Lmol1 cm1 B. molL1 .cm1 C. L.mol1m 1 D. L.mol.cm1 02. weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~Î †Kvb †gvjvi `ªe‡Yi †ÿ‡Î AwaK cÖ‡hvR¨? [wm.‡ev. 2016] A. 0.01 M B. 0.1 M C. 0.5 M D. 1.0 M Self Test 01. gva¨‡gi cyiæZ¡ I Av‡jvK ZxeªZv n«v‡mi gv‡a¨ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡ib †K? A. weqvi B. j¨v¤^vU© C. Wvëb D. evDRvi 02. `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv I Av‡jvK ZxeªZv n«v‡mi g‡a¨ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡ib †K? A. j¨v¤^vU© B. weqvi C. evDRvi D. Wvëb 03. UªvÝwg‡U݇K wb‡Pi †KvbwU Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq? A. T B. t C. D. A 04. `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©‡q wb‡Pi †Kvb mgxKiYwU e¨eüZ nq? A. A= bc B. log T 1 = bc C. logT = bc D. logA = bc 05. †Kvb `ªe‡Yi ga¨w`‡q GKeY©x Av‡jv cÖevwnZ Ki‡j Av‡jvK iwk¥i ZxeªZvÑ A. n«vm cvq B. e„w× cvq C. AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K D. wظY e„w× cvq 06. weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi MvwYwZKiƒc †KvbwU? A. T = 0 I I = e-kx B. T = 0 I I = e -k’cx C. T = 0 I I D. dx dl KI 07. AvcwZZ iwk¥i ZxeªZv GK-`kgvsk n«vm Ki‡Z H gva¨‡gi †h cyiæZ¡ cÖ‡qvRb nq, Gi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK gvb‡K ejv nqÑ A. A¨veR‡e©Ý B. UªvÝwg‡UÝ C. G·wU¼kb ¸Yv¼ D. we‡kvlY 08. G·wU¼kb ¸Yv‡¼i CGS GKK †KvbwU? A. cm-1 B. m-1 C. mm-1 D. nm-1 09. wbw`©ó ZxeªZvi Av‡jvKiwk¥ GKwU mgmZ¡ `ªe‡Yi Dci AvcwZZ n‡j GwU Kq fv‡M wef³ n‡q hvq? A. `yB fv‡M B. wZb fv‡M C. Pvi fv‡M D. Qq fv‡M 10. AvcwZZ Av‡jvi ZxeªZv I gva¨‡gi, cyiæZ¡ t n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. dt dl I B. – dt dl I C. dt dl = I D. – dt dl = I 11. weqvi eY©hy³ `ª‡ei `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©‡q †Kvb mgxKiYwU e¨envi K‡ib? A. 2.303log t 0 I I =Kt B. log T = –KC C. 2.303log 0 t I I =Kt D. log T = –Kb 12. †Kvb ¯^”Q gva¨‡gi ga¨w`‡q GKwU wbw`©ó Zi½•`‡N©¨i GKeY©x Av‡jv cÖevwnZ Ki‡j gva¨‡gi cyiæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZv n«v‡mi nvi Av‡jvK ZxeªZviÑ A. e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK B. e‡M©i e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK C. mgvbycvwZK D. e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK 13. ‡Kvb `ªe‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q GKeY©x Av‡jvKiwk¥ cÖevwnZ Ki‡j `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎvi mv‡_ Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZv n«v‡mi nvi Av‡jvK ZxeªZvi Ñ A. mgvbycvwZK B. e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK C. wظY D. mgvb 14. ‡Kvb `ªe‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q GKeY©x Av‡jv cÖevwnZ Ki‡j AvcwZZ Av‡jvK iwk¥i ZxeªZv n«vm `ªe‡Yi cyiZ¡ I `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎvÑ A. e¨v¯ÍvbycvwZK B. mgvbycvwZK C. e‡M©i e¨v¯ÍvbycvwZK D. e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK 15. 25% I0 †iwW‡qkb b ‣`‡N©¨i c_ AwZµg Kivi mgq †kvwlZ n‡j Aewkó kw³i cwigvYÓÑ A. 50% I0 B. 75% I0 C. 70% I0 D. 65 % I0 16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU evDRv‡ii m~Î? A. log T = –KC B. log T = –Kb C. log T = –abc D. log T = kb 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. A = – log T B. A = log T 1 C. A = log I I0 D. me¸‡jv 18. A¨veR‡e©Ý cwiewZ©Z nqÑ A. Zi½ •`‡N©¨i mv‡_ B. gva¨‡gi cyiæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ C. `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎvi mv‡_ D. †KvbwUi mv‡_B bq 19. †gvj GK‡K †kvwlZ e¯‘i IRb‡K ejv nqÑ A. UªvÝwg‡UÝ B. †gvjvi GeRiwUwfwU C. ‡gvjvi fi D. †gvjvi AvqZb 20. g~j iwk¥i ZxeªZv I0, cªwZdwjZ iwk¥i ZxeªZv Ir , †kvwlZ iwk¥i ZxeªZv Ia I cÖevwnZ iwk¥i ZxeªZv I1 n‡jÑ A. I1 = I0 + Ir + Ia B. Ia = I0 + I1 + Ir C. I0 = I1+ Ir + Ia D. Ir = I0 + I1+ Ia 20.C 19.B 18.A 17.A 16.B 15.B 14.B 13.A 12.C 11.A 10.B 09.B 08.A 07.C 06.C 05.A 04.B 03.A 02.B 01.B

436 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ‡h․M Zvc –––––– cigvby mg~n D‡ËwRZ Ae¯
v ‡kvwlZ kw³ wewKwiZ kw³ E = he wbgœkw³i Ae¯
v NbgvÎv (ppm) Absorbance * A¨vw›UewÛs * A¨vw›UewÛs n bb-ewÛs ewÛs ewÛs –* E n– * –* –* e e e e CONCEPT 15 Atomic Absorption, UV–Visible spectroscopy, HPLC I GC Gi cwigvYMZ we‡køl‡Yi g~jbxwZ Item- 01: cvigvbweK †kvlY eY©vwjwgwZ g~jbxwZ: ‡Kvb we‡kl ‡g․‡ji cigvYyi ewnt¯
 AiweUv‡ji B‡j±ªbxq ¯
vbvšÍ‡ii •ewkó¨ g~jK Zwor ‡P․¤^Kxq ‡iwW‡qkb hLb D³ ‡g․‡ji cvigvYweK ev‡®úi g‡a¨ AvcwZZ nq ZLb cigvYyKZ©…K D³ ‡iwW‡qkb ‡kvwlZ nq d‡j B‡j±ªb wb¤œZg kw³¯Íi ‡_‡K D”PZi kw³¯Í‡i ¯
vbvšÍi K‡i| ‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv, ev‡®ú we`¨gvb wb¤œZg kw³¯Í‡i cigvYyi cwigv‡bi mv‡_ cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e m¤úwK©Z| ¸iæZ¡cyY© Z_¨tÑ cvigvYweK eY©vjx we‡køl‡b ‡iwW‡qk‡bi Drm wn‡m‡e Hollow Cathode Lamp e¨eüZ nq| bgybvi `ªeY‡K ‡Udj‡bi •Zix ‡beyjvBRv‡ii gva¨‡g evY©v‡ii wkLvq ‡¯úª Kiv nq| cigvYy KZ…©K †kvwlZ †iwW‡qkb weqv‡ii m~Î AbymiY K‡i| A_v©r A = abc m~Î †g‡b P‡j| cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vjx wbw`©ó †g․wjK c`v_© kbv³KiY I NbgvÎv ev cwigvY wbY©‡q e¨eüZ nq| GwU dvg©v‡KvjwR, ev‡qvwdwR· I Uw·‡KvjwR M‡elbvq e¨eüZ nq| cvigvYweK ‡kvlY eY©vjx ‡`L‡Z Kv‡jv e‡Y©i| cvigvYweK ‡kvlY eY©vjx weqv‡ii m~Î ‡g‡b P‡j| A_¨v©r, absorbance ebvg NbgvÎvi ‡jLwPÎ n‡e GKwU Calibration Curve. ‡jLwPÎt ‡kvlY, A = Slope NbgvÎv C A = mc C = A m (i); ‡jLwPÎ ‡_‡K Xvj wbY©q K‡i (i) bs mgxKib e¨envi K‡i ‡Kvb bgybvi NbgvÎv wbY©q Kiv nq| cvigvYweK eY©vwj we‡kølYh‡š¿i wewfbœ As¼b e¨envit G c×wZ e¨envi K‡i 60wUiI ‡ewk ‡g․j wbY©q Kiv hvq| Lv`¨ mvgwMÖ, Zij cvbxq, RjR cÖvYx cÖf…wZ bgybvq avZe c`v‡_©i Dcw¯
wZ Lye mn‡RB GB c×wZ e¨envi K‡i wbY©q Kiv nq| f~Mf©¯
 cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki NbgvÎv wbY©‡q GB c×wZ AZ¨šÍ Kvh©Ki| Item- 02: UV-visible spectroscopy UV iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ AÂj nj (200-375 nm) Ges visible iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ AÂj nj (380 – 780)nm. ‡Kvb ivmvqwbK ‡h․M hLb UV-visible A‡ji (200–800nm) Zwor Pz¤^Kxq wewKib ‡kvlb K‡i ZLb ‡h eY©vwj m„wó nq Zv‡K AwZ‡e¸wb ev `„k¨gvb eY©vwj ev UV-visible spectra e‡j| e¨envit Electronic spectroscopy e¨envi K‡i cÖavbZ bgybvq ‡Kvb ‡h․‡Mi Conjugation (AbyeÜx)/Unsaturation Ges ‡h․‡M Kvh©Kix g~j‡Ki Functional Group Gi Dcw¯
wZ wbY©q Kiv nq| g~jbxwZ: Molecular orbital theory Abymv‡i hLb ‡Kvb ‡h․M‡K absorption energy (UV-visible) Øviv D‡ËwRZ Kiv nq ZLb B‡jKUªb bonding orbital n‡Z antibonding orbital G ¯
vbvšÍwiZ nq| Gme avcvšÍ‡i kw³i µg nj Ñ n–*<n– *<–*<–*| ‡h cÖKvi †h․‡M Dc‡ii w`‡K B‡jKUª‡bi ¯
vbvšÍi N‡U Zv wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv njwPÎt AYyi B‡jKUªbxq avcvšÍi * avcvšÍi m¤ú„³ nvB‡WªvKve©b (wg‡_b, B‡_b BZ¨vw`) D”P kw³ UV wewKiY †kvlY K‡i n* avcvšÍi cvwb, wg_vBj A¨vj‡Kvnj, wg_vBj †K¬vivBW D”P kw³ UV wewKiY †kvlY K‡i * avcvšÍi KbRy‡Mkbwenxb A¨vjwKb, Kve©wbj †h․M D”P kw³ UV wewKiY †kvlY K‡i n * avcvšÍi A¨vwj‡dwUK wK‡Uvb D”P kw³ UV wewKiY †kvlY K‡i Av‡jvi Drm g‡bv‡µv‡gUi wW‡U±i G¨vgwc-dvqvi wiW AvDU cigvYy Ae¯
vq bgybv wPÎ: cvigvYweK eY©vwj we‡k-lY hš¿ G¨vgwcødv qvi

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 437 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES CH3 H3C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C CH3 H3C B‡j±ªb ¯
vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³i cwigvb 40–300kcal/mole B‡jKUªb m‡e©v”P AwaK…Z AvbweK AiweUvj (Highest occupied Molecular Orbital, HOMO) ‡_‡K D”PZi kw³¯Íi ev wb¤œZi Avwe®‥…Z AvbweK AiweUv‡j (lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital, LUMO) DcbxZ nq| ‡h․‡Mi KbRy‡Mkb e„w× ‡c‡j HOMO–LUMO e¨eavb n«vm cvq d‡j – ‡kvl‡Yi Ae¯
vb `xN©Zi Zi½ •`‡N©¨ (wb¤œZi kw³) Av‡m| `„k¨gvb GjvKvq †kvlY N‡U e‡j A‡bK •Re †h․M eY©hy³ nq| UV iwk¥i A‡j †kvlY NU‡j †h․M eY©nxb †`Lvq| †hme eÜb hy³ g~jK `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi cwim‡ii kw³-Zi½ †kvlY K‡i Ges †h․M‡K eY©hy³ †`Lvq, G‡`i‡K †µv‡gv‡dvi e‡j| ‡ebwR‡bi †ejvq mev©waK †kvlY Zi½ max = 255nm Ges GwU UV iwk¥i cwim‡i nIqvq, †ebwRb eY©nxb wKš‧ KbRy‡M‡UW eÜbhy³ K¨v‡ivwUb (MvR‡i _vKv wfUvwgb A Gi Drm) Gi †ejvq max = 451nm Ges GwU `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi cwim‡i nIqvq MvRi Kgjv eY© nq| 4 wPÎt K¨v‡ivwUb ‡iwW‡qkb ‡kvlY gvÎv A¨veR‡e©Ý (we‡kvlY) Gi wecix‡Z Zi½ •`‡N©¨i () ‡jLwP·K UV–VIS eY©vwj wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| Item-03: HPLC: HPLC Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv High performance Liquid Chromatography ev D”P `ÿZv Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd| HPLC hvÎv ïiæ K‡i 1966 mv‡j| g~jbxwZt HPLC †Z `ywU mvg¨e¯
vi g‡a¨ w¯
i mvg¨ve¯
v (Stationary phase) KwVb Ges Pjbkxj mvg¨ve¯
v (Mobile phase) Zij n‡e| wgkª‡Yi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K GKwU Dchy³ `ªve‡K `ªexf~Z K‡i stationary phase G cÖ‡qvRbgZ †hvM Kiv nq| Gi ci Pjbkxj mvg¨ve¯
v ev Pjb gva¨gwU‡K w¯
i gva¨‡gi ms¯ú‡k© cÖevwnZ Kiv nq| Awa‡kvlY gvÎvi Dci wfwË K‡i wgkª‡Yi Dcv`vb¸‡jv wewfbœ ¯Í‡i wef³ nq| HPLC c×wZ e¨envi K‡i AbyØvqx (non-volatile) ev Zvcxq-Aw¯
wZkxj †h․M wgkªY n‡Z c„_K Kiv hvq| †h mKj AbyØvqx †h․M HPLC Øviv c„_K Kiv m¤¢e Zv‡`i ZvwjKv n‡jv Ñ Jla weÁv‡bi †h․Mmg~n h_v Ñ A¨vmwcwib, BeycÖ‡db A_ev A¨vwmUvwg‡bv‡db (UvBwjbj)| jeY †hgbt †mvwWqvg †K¬vivBW Ges cUvwmqvg dm‡dU| †cÖvwUb †hgbt wW‡gi mv`v Ask A_ev i‡³i †cÖvwUb| •Re ivmvqwbK c`v_© †hgbt cwjgvi (cwj÷vBwib, cwjw_b) fvix nvB‡WªvKve©b h_v A¨vmdvë weUzwgb A_ev †gvUi •Zj (wW‡Rj, †K‡ivwmb, †c‡Uªvj BZ¨vw`) A‡bK cÖvK…wZK Drcv` †hgbt wRb‡ms, †flR c`v_© I Jla, Dw™¢¾ wbhv©m| Zvcxq Aw¯
wZkxj †h․M h_vÑ UªvBbvB‡UªvUjyBb (TNT) GbRvBg cÖf„wZ| M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdt w¯
i gva¨g Zij I mPj gva¨g M¨vm n‡j Zv‡K M¨vm Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd e‡j| w¯
i gva¨g KwVb I mPj gva¨g Zij n‡j Zv‡K M¨vm KwVb ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd e‡j| M¨vm Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd + M¨vm KwVb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡K GK‡Î M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd e‡j| M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z mPj gva¨g nj GKwU wbw®…q M¨vm (†hgbt bvB‡Uªv‡Rb / wnwjqvg)| M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Gi e¨envit A¨v_‡jU‡`i g~Î bgybvq wbwl× kw³ ea©K †÷i‡qW Av‡Q wK bv Zv cixÿv Kiv, gvZvj WªvBfv‡ii i‡³ A¨vj‡Kvn‡ji cwigvY wbY©q Ges f~Mf©¯
 Lwb‡Z welv³ / wePiYKvix †Kvb M¨vm Av‡Q wK bv Zv wbY©q| Item- 04: K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abbreviation: Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital, HOMO Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital, LUMO High Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography, UHPLC HOT NEWS: HPLC Gi bZzb ms¯‥iY UHPLC| hw` †Kvb ‡h․M DØvqx nq (†hgbt M¨vm myMwÜ, M¨v‡mvwj‡bi nvB‡WªvKve©b Dcv`vbmg~n cÖf…wZ) Z‡e M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd †kªqZi c×wZ| wW‡MwRs BDwbU `ªveK Avavi cv¤ú bgybv Pvjbv ‡µvg¨v‡UvMÖvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvd ‡iKWv©i WvUv cÖ‡mmi wW‡U±i Kjvg

438 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES C A A C C A A C REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION JU 01. HPLC-Gi c~Y©iƒc †KvbwU? [JU-D1.2017-18;e.‡ev.2016] A. High Performance Liquid Chromatography B. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography C. High Potential Liquid Chromatography D. Highl pressed Liquid Chromatography mwVK DËi: A. High Performance Liquid Chromatography IU 01. HPLC-‡Z mPj gva¨g wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq- [IU. 2019-20; w`.‡ev.2016] A. N2 M¨vm B. wg_vbj I cvwb C. A¨vjywgbv‡Rj D. wmwjKv‡Rj mwVK DËi: B. wg_vbj I cvwb STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BSMRSTU 01. HPLC †Z Zij wgkªY‡K cv‡¤úi mvnv‡h¨ KZ Pv‡c Kjv‡gi wfZi w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kiv nq? [BSMRSTU-C. 2016-17] A. 50-250 bar B. 50-300 bar C. 50-350 bar D. 100-400 bar mwVK DËi: C. 50-350 bar e¨vL¨v: HPLC, Pressure 50 - 350 bar ;Column diameter 2.1- 4.6 mm 02. †gvjvi G·wUskb †kvlY aªæeK () Gi GKK †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU-C. 2016-17] A. Lmol-1 cm-1 B. L-1molem-1 C. L-1mol D. Lmol-1 cm mwVK DËi: A. Lmol-1 cm-1 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION MAT 01. UV-Vis †¯úK‡Uªv‡¯‥v‡ci e¨envi bq †KvbwU? [MAT. 2017-18] A. bgybv `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©q B. •Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kix g~jK wbY©q C. Kve©b wkK‡j _vKv KbRy‡M‡UW wØ-eÜb wbY©q D. A¨vwj‡dwUK †h․‡Mi P‡µ Dcw¯
Z wØ-e܇bi msL¨v wbY©q mwVK DËi: D. A¨vwj‡dwUK †h․‡Mi P‡µ Dcw¯
Z wØ-e܇bi msL¨v wbY©q Board Ques. 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ejvq mPj gva¨giƒ‡c wnwjqvg e¨eüZ nq? A. TLC B. HPLC C. GLPC D. CC [Ans. C] 02. HPLC Gi c~Y© bvg †KvbwU? [e.‡ev. 2016] A. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography B. High Performance Liquid Chromatography C. High Power Liquid Chromatography D. High Plant Liquid Chromatography [Ans. A] 03. HPLC †Z mPj gva¨g wnmv‡e †KvbwU e¨eüZ nq? [w`.‡ev. 2016] A. N2 M¨vm B. wg_vbj + cvwb C. A¨vjywgbv †Rj D. wmwjKv †Rj [Ans. B] 04. M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z e¨envi‡hvM¨ evnK M¨vm †KvbwU? [P.‡ev. 2016] A. O2 B. Cl2 C. N2 D. H2 [Ans. C] 05. †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwdi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [h.‡ev. 2017] A. GKvwaK mPj `kv _vK‡Z nq B. `ywU mPj `kv I wZbwU w¯
i `kv _v‡K C. w¯
i `kv _vKvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB D. Kgc‡ÿ 1wU K‡i mPj I w¯
i `kv _v‡K [Ans. C] Self Test 01. avZzi wkLv cixÿvq m„ó D¾¡j wewKiY eY©vwj I Kv‡jv †kvlY eY©vjxi Zi½•`N©¨Ñ A. wfbœ B. GKB C. ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©i K‡i D. NbgvÎvi Dci wbf©i K‡i 02. Na Gi D¾¡j wewKiY eY©vwji Zi½‣`N©¨ KZ? A. 380 nm B. 350 nm C. 490 nm D. 590 nm 03. Na Gi Kv‡jv †kvlY eY©vwji Zi½‣`N©¨ KZ? A. 590 nm B. 390 nm C. 380 nm D. 480 nm(mm) 04. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z m„ó eY©vwj‡iLvi cÖk¯ÍZv gvcv nq †Kvb GK‡K? A. wgwjwgUvi (mm) B. wc‡KvwgUvi(pm) C. ‡mw›UwgUvi(cm) D. b¨v‡bvwgUvi (nm) 05. we‡kølwYK imvq‡b GKwU bgybvq Dcw¯’Z GKwU wbw`©ó Dcv`v‡bi NbZ¡ wbY©q Kiv hvq †Kvb c×wZ‡Z? A. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj B. AvbweK †kvlY eY©vwj C. UV-Vis eY©vwj D. HPLC 06. wbw`©ó †g․wjK c`v_© kbv³KiY I cwigvY wbY©‡q e¨eüZ c`v_© †KvbwU? A. weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î B. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj C. D”P ÿgZv m¤úbœZij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd D. M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd 07. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z bgybv `ªeY wkLvq Ñ wn‡m‡e †¯úª Kiv nq| A. eo KYv B. my² KYv C. KjqWxq KYv D. Zij 08. cvigvbweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z wkLvq †¯úªK…Z bgybv¯’ ‡g․jÑ iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| A. AvYweK ev‡®ú B. cvigvYweK ev‡®ú C. AYy‡Z D. cigvYy‡Z 09. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z wkLvq we`¨gvb _v‡KÑ A. cixÿYxq †g․‡ji AYy B. cixÿYxq †g․‡ji cigvYy C. Na cigvYy D. K cigvY~ 10. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z †g․j KZ©„K †iwW‡qk‡bi Drm †KvbwU? A. †mvwWqvg j¨v¤ú B. Uvs‡÷b j¨v¤ú C. wWD‡Uwiqvg j¨v¤ú D. n‡jv K¨v‡_vW j¨v¤ú 11. Drm n‡Z wbM©Z †iwW‡qk‡bi Zi½‣`N©¨ wkLvq we`¨gvb ÑÑ Øviv †kvwlZ Zi½‣`‡N©¨i Abyiƒc| A. cigvYy B. AYy C. ‡h․M D. cigvYy I AYy 12. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z cigvYy KZ…K †kvwlZ †iwW‡qkb †Kvb m~Î AbymiY K‡i? A. e‡q‡ji m~Î B. MÖvnv‡gi m~Î C. Pv‡j©‡mi m~Î D. weqv‡ii m~Î 13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK A. A = log I I0 B. I I0 = e-abc C. A = abc D. me¸‡jv 14. GeR‡e©Ý (A) ebvg NbgvÎv (C) Kvf© †KvbwU? A. B. C. D. 15. cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z B‡jKUªb wbw`©ó Zi½‣`‡N©¨i kw³ †kvlY K‡i KZ mg‡qi Rb¨ D”PZi AiweUv‡j DbœxZ nq? A. wgwj †m‡KÛm B. †m‡KÛ C. b¨v‡bv †m‡KÛm D. wgwbU 15.C 14.D 13.D 12.A 11.D 10.B 09.D 08.C 07.B 06.A 05.C 04.A 03.D 02.B 01.A

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 439 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES mKj cvV¨eB‡qi cÖkœ NCTB QUESTIONS ANALYSIS e¨vL¨vmn mgvavb nvRvix bvM 01. STP †Z 22.4 L Aw·‡Rb cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z KZ MÖvg cUvwmqvg †K¬v‡iU cÖ‡qvRb? [h. †ev. 2013] A. 56.23 g B. 57.16 g C. 60.16 g D. 81.73 g Ans D Why KClO3 122.5 g KCl + 3 2 O2 33.6 L KClO3 Gi cÖ‡qvRb = 122.5 33.6 22.4 g = 81.73 g 02. STP †Z 65 g O3 M¨v‡mi AvqZb KZ? A. 22.4 L B. 30.33 L C. 67.2 L D. 89.6 L Ans B Why O3 = (16 3) = 48 g O3 Gi AvqZb 22.4 L 65 g O3 Ó Ó 22.4 65 48 = 30.33 L 03. 50 g CaCO3 Gi Zvcxq we‡qvR‡b Drcbœ CO2 Gi fi KZ? [e. †ev. 2018] A. 11 g B. 22 g C. 44 g D. 88 g Ans B Why CaCO3 100 g – CaO + CO2 44 g WCO2 = WCaCO3 MCO2 MCaCO3 = 50 44 100 = 22 g 04. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ejvq mPj gva¨giƒ‡c wnwjqvg e¨eüZ nq? A. TCL B. HPLC C. GLPC D. CC Ans C Why w¯
i gva¨g (stationary phase) n‡jv Zij c`v_© Ges mPj gva¨g (movable phase) n‡jv wbw®…q wnwjqvg / wµqvnxb N2 M¨vm| 05. 500 mL 0.5 M Kw÷K‡mvWv `ªeY †_‡K KZ mL †Wwm †gvjvi `ªeY •Zix Kiv hv‡e? [e. †ev. 2015] A. 2500 mL B. 2000 mL C. 5000 mL D. 1350 mL Ans A Why V1S1e1 = V2S2e2 5000.51 = v2 0.1 1 v2 = 2500mL 06. †¯úK‡UªvwgUv‡i 1cm •`N©¨wewkó ‡m‡j GKwU `ªeY †i‡L Gi we†kvlY 0.156 cvIqv †Mj| `ª‡ei †gvjvi †kvlY mnM 1.2104mol–1 cm–1 n‡j `ªeYwUi NbgvÎv †KvbwU n‡e? A. 1.3510–5M B. 1.310–4M C. 1.210–4M D. 1.310–15M Ans A Why A = Cl C = A l = 0.156 1.2104 1 = 1.310–5M NB. mnM I •`N¨© Df‡q cm †Z _vK‡e| 07. wewfbœ cÖKvi `ªeY •Zix‡Z †gvj cwigv‡Y `ªe e¨envi K‡i wb‡gœv³ `ªeY •Zix Kiv n‡jvÑ [wm. †ev. 2015] i. ‡gvjvi `ªe ii. ppm iii. ‡gvj fMœvsk NbgvÎ&v ‡Kvb NbgvÎvi `ªeY ZvcgvÎv wbf©ikxj bq? A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans D 08. wiW· UvB‡Uªk‡b e¨eüZ KMnO4 `ªe‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨Ñ i. KMnO4 cÖvBgvix ÷vÛvW© c`v_© ii. ¯^wb‡`©kKiƒ‡c KvR K‡i iii. KMnO4 Gi A¤øxq gva¨‡gi Rb¨ HCl GwmW e¨envi Kiv hvq bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans B Why KMnO4 GKwU ¯^wb‡`©kK| †m‡KÛvwi c`v_© nIqv m‡Ë¡I KMnO4 e¨env‡i myweav n‡jv KMnO4 Øviv UvB‡Uªk‡b †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| 09. wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU K2Cr2O7 Gi †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨ bq? A. cÖvBgvix ÷¨vÛvW© c`v_© B. A¤øxq gva¨‡g HCl GwmW e¨envi Kiv hvq C. wiW· UvB‡Uªk‡b ¯^wb‡`©kK D. KMnO4 †_‡K `ye©j RviK Ans C Why KMnO4 ¯^wb‡`©kK, K2Cr2O7 ¯^wb‡`©kK bq| cÖvBgvwi ÷¨vÛvW© c`v_©| Kwei iweDj 01. A¤øxq KMnO4 wewµqvKv‡j †K›`ªxq cigvYy KqwU B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Ans D Why †h․M cwieZ©bkxj †g․j RviY msL¨v M„nxZ Bt mt KMnO4 (GwmWxq) Mn +7 +5eKMnO4 (ÿviKxq) Mn +7 +1eKMnO4 (cÖkg) Mn +7 +3e02. A = cl mgxKi‡Y †KvbwU mwVK? A. A = †kvlYvsK B. = `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv C. l = †m‡ji •`N©¨ D. c = †kvlY Ans C 03. cÖgvY `ªeY †KvbwU? A. 1.0 M H2SO4 B. 1.0 g H2SO4 C. 1.0 mL H2SO4 D. 1.0 mol H2SO4 Ans A 04. 2I– + Cl2 = I2 + 2Cl- G wewµqvwU GKwU RviY-weRviY wewµqv| KviYÑ i. I– B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i I2 †Z cwiYZ nq ii. Cl2 B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i Cl– †Z cwiYZ nq iii. Cl2 B‡jKUªb MÖnb K‡i Cl– †Z cwiYZ nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans C 05. C2O4 2- CO2 G wewµqvq C2O4 2- Avqb: A. weRvwiZ nq B. B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i C. B‡jKUªb MÖnb K‡i D. Aw·‡Rb Z¨vM K‡i Ans B Why +3 C2O4 2 +4 CO2 GLv‡b Kve©‡bi RviYgvb +3 n‡Z +4 n‡q‡Q| A·v‡jU Avq‡b Kve©‡bi RviY gvb e„w× nIqvq Kve©b weRviK| myZivs mwVK Ackb B 06. Na2CO3 Ges HCl cÖkg‡bi Rb¨ Dchy³ wb‡`©kK Kx? A. wg_vBj A‡iÄ B. wjUgvm C. †dbd_¨vwjb D. †KvbwUB bq 07. 1.008g H2 G AYyi msL¨vÑ A. 6.0231023 B. 12.0461023 C. 3.01151023 D. †KvbwUB bq Ans C 08. 6.0231023 wU CO2 AYyi NTP †Z AvqZbÑ A. 22.4 L B. 2.24 L C. 0.224 L D. †KvbwUB bq Ans A Why 6.021023 wU CO2 AYyi NTP †Z AvqZb 22.4L mwÄZ Kzgvi ¸n 01. Fe3O4 AYy‡Z Fe cigvYyi RviY gvbÑ A. + 1.5 B. +2 C. + 2.67 D. +3 Ans C Why Fe3O4 3x + (–2)4 = 0 3x – 8 = 0 x = +2.67 02. ‡Kvb ÿvi `ªe‡Yi pH cwimi 8.3-10 n‡j UvB‡Uªk‡bi †ÿ‡Î Dchy³ wb‡`©kKÑ A. ‡dbj †iW B. wg_vBj A‡iÄ C. ‡dbd_¨vwjb D. wg_vBj †iW Ans C Why UvB‡Uªk‡bi †ÿ‡Î wb‡`©kK pH cwimi: [Ref: ¸n m¨vi] wg_vBj A‡iÄ Ñ 3.4–4.2; wg_vBj †iW Ñ 4.2–6.3 ‡dbj †iW Ñ 6.8–8.4 ; ‡dbd_¨vwjb Ñ 8.3–10 03. IO3 – + 5I– + 6H+3I2+3H2O; GLv‡b RviY N‡U‡QÑ A. IO3 – B. I– C. H+ D. IO3 – I I – Df‡qi Ans B Why IO3 – + 5I– + 6H+3I2+3H2O; GB ivmvqwbK wewµqvq I – weRviK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i‡Q| KviY I – B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i I2 G cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz I – Avqb B‡jKUªb Z¨vM K‡i‡Q ZvB I – weRviK, RvwiZ n‡q‡Q|

440 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES 04. GKRb wkÿv_©x j¨ve‡iUix‡Z 2.510 –3 g Na2CO3 cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z K‡i 250mL `ªeY cÖ¯‘Z Kij| ÿvi `ªe‡Yi gvÎv ppm GK‡KÑ A. 1 ppm B. 10 ppm C. 100 ppm D. 1000 ppm Ans B Why 250mL `ªexf~Z Na2CO3 = 2.510–3 103 = 2.5mg 1L/1000mL `ªexf~Z Na2CO3 = 2.54 = 10ppm gwbgyj AvwbKv BDmyd 01. 1.0g cvwb‡Z KZwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy Av‡Q? A. 5.51023 B. 3.31022 C. 6.61022 D. 5.51021 Ans C Why 18g H2O †Z nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi msL¨v = 6.021023 wU 1g H2O †Z nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi msL¨v = 6.021023 18 = 3.3461022 wU H2O AYy‡Z `yBwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy we`¨gvb, ZvB 1g H2O Aby‡Z nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi msL¨v = 3.34610222 = 6.691022 wU 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi cwigvYMZ we‡køl‡Y Beers Lamberts m~‡Îi cÖ‡qvM †bB? A. Atomic absorption B. `„k¨gvb iwk¥i eY©vwj C. Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥i eY©vwj D. HPLC Ans D 03. `ªe‡Yi †gvjvi NbgvÎv‡K jNyKiY Kivi ci Zv‡`i‡K cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ †h mKj GKK e¨envi Kiv nq †m¸‡jv n‡jvÑ i. ‡mwg†gvjvi `ªeY ii. †Wwm‡gvjvi `ªeY iii. †mw›U‡gvjvi `ªeY iv. wgwj‡gvjvi `ªeY 1.0 ‡gvjvi 100 mL `ªe‡Yi AvqZ‡bi weï× cvwb †hvM K‡i 200 mL Kiv n‡j †m `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv n‡e Ñ A. i B. ii C. iii D. iv Ans A Why S1V1 = S2V2 S2 = 1100 200 =0.5M = †mwg‡gvjvi `ªeY 04. `ªe‡Yi A¤øZ¡/ÿviKZ¡ wPwýZKi‡Yi Rb¨ †h mKj †h․M e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡`i‡K wb‡`©kK ejv nq| G ai‡bi wKQz wb‡`©k‡Ki g‡a¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖK…wZ †_‡K AvnwiZ? A. wjUgvm B. †dbd_¨vwjb C. wg_vBj A‡iÄ D. wg_vBj †iW Ans A Why wjUgvm n‡jv jvB‡Kb bvgK •kevj RvZxq Dw™¢` †_‡K wb®‥vwkZ GK ai‡bi †h․M| myfvl gwneyi weg‡j›`y Av‡bvqvi 01. cÖgvY ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c GK †gvj Aw·‡Rb cvevi Rb¨ KZ MÖvg HgO `» Kiv cÖ‡qvRb? A. 216g B. 432g C. 250g D. 150g Ans B Why 2HgO (432) 2Hg + O2 02. 0.01M NbgvÎvi 100ml `ªeY cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z 0.5M `ªe‡Yi KZ mL `iKvi? A. 5mL B. 2mL C. 4ml D.10mL Ans B Why V1S1e = V2S2e2 100mL 0.01 = 0.5V2 [GKB †h․M e‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v gvb] V2 = 2mL 03. CuSO4 + KI Cu2I2 + I2 + K2SO4 GB wewµqvqÑ i. Cu2+ RvwiZ n‡q‡Q ii. I – RvwiZ n‡q‡Q iii. I – weRviK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans B Why C +2 uSO4 –2 + K +1 I –1 Cu2 +1 I2 + I2 0 + K2SO4 weRviK (RvwiZ) RviK (weRvwiZ) we‡kl `ªóe¨t GLv‡b I – RvwiZ n‡q‡Q (RviY gvb –1 n‡Z k~Y¨)| †h‡nZz I – weRviK ZvB RvwiZ nq| Rqbvj mv‡qg Iqvwn`y¾vgvb gvbœvb 01. GwmW ÿviK cÖkgb wewµqvq je‡Yi mn-Drcv` †KvbwU? A. H2O B. SO2 C. H2S D. HCl Ans A Why Acid + Base = Water + Salt 02. NaCl Gi †mvwWqv‡gi RviY msL¨v KZ? A. +1 B. -1 C. 0 D. 1 Ans A 03. A¨v‡fv‡M‡Wªvi msL¨vi †ÿ‡ÎÑ i. G‡K NA Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq ii. Gi gvb 6.023 1023 iii. msL¨vwU GK †gvj AvqZ‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans D Rqbyj †Zvdv‡qj †iqvRyj AvdRvj 01. g„`y A¤ø I Zxeª ÿv‡ii UªvB‡Uk‡b †Kvb wb‡`©kK e¨eüZ nq? A. wjUgvm B. wg_vBj A‡iÄ C. wg_vBj †iW D. †dbjd_¨vwjb Ans D wewµqvwU jÿ Ki Ges cieZ©x `ywU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vIt KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO2 K2SO4 + MnSO4 + Fe(SO4)3 + H2O 02. †KvbwU weRviK c`v_©? A. KMnO4 B. FeSO4 C. H2SO4 D. FeSO4 I H2SO4 Ans B Why KMnO4+FeSO4+H2SO4K2SO4+MnSO4+Fe(SO4)3+H2O GLv‡b, +7 KMnO4 +2 MnSO4 (KMnO4 RviK) +2 FeSO4 +3 Fe2 (SO4)3 (FeSO4 weRviK) +1 H2SO4 +1 H2O (RviYgvb AcwiewZ©Z) 03. DÏxc‡K 10 †gvj FeSO4 wewµqvq AskMÖnb Ki‡j KZ MÖvg cvwb Drcbœ n‡e? A. 184g B. 144g C. 74g D. 114g Ans B Why 10 mol FeSO4 wewµqvq Ki‡j 818g H2O cvwb = 144g cvwb Drcbœ n‡e| wjsKb Kwig byiæj 01. H2SiF6 †h․MwU‡Z wmwjK‡bi RviY gvb KZ? A. +2 B. +3 C. +4 D. +5 Ans C Why H2SiF6 2 + x – 6 = 0 x = +4 02. GwmWxq `ªe‡Y KMnO4 Øviv wb‡Pi †KvbwU RvwiZ nq? A. PbO2 B. H2O2 C. FeCl3 D. H2S Ans D 03. ÷¨vbvm †K¬vivBW I gviwKDwiK †K¬vivB‡Wi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? A. Sn4+ + 2Hg2+ = Sn2+ + 2Hg+ B. Sn2+ + 2Hg2+ = Sn4+ + 2Hg2+ C. Sn2+ + 2Hg2+ = Sn4+ + 2Hg+ D. Sn4+ + 2Hg4+ = Sn2+ + 2Hg2+ Ans C 04. LiCoO2 ⇋ nLi+ + ne- G †h․‡M Co Gi RviY gvb KZ? A. +1 B. +2 C. +3 D. +4 Ans C Why +1+x + (–2)2 = 0 1+x –4 = 0 x = +3 gnmxb myexi †R¨vwZg©q 01. H2SO4 †h․‡M S Gi RviY gvb KZ? A. +4 B. +6 C. +2 D. +5 Ans B Why 2 +x – 8 = 0 x = 6 02. 2.5M NaOH `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv kZKivq KZ? A. 10% V W B. 15% V W C. 20% V W D. 30% V W Ans A Why 2.5M NaOH = V W % 10% 10 2.5 40

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 441 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES wb‡Pi wewµqvwU jÿ Ki Ges 03 I 04 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 2CuSO4 + 4KI Cu2I2 + 2K2SO4 + I2 03. Dc‡ii wewµqv †_‡KÑ i. CuSO4 RviK I KI weRviK wn‡m‡e wµqv K‡i ii. cUvwkqv‡gi RviY msL¨vi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv iii. 2wU B‡jKUª‡bi Av`vb cÖ`vb N‡U wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans D Why GB wewµqvq 2wU B‡jKUª‡bi Av`vb cÖ`vb n‡q‡Q| 04. Dc‡ii wewµqvq Drcbœ I2 ‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖgvY `ªeY Øviv UªvB‡Ukb K‡i Cu2+ Gi cwigvY wbY©q Kiv hv‡e? A. KMnO4 B. K2Cr2O7 C. Na2S2O3 D. H2C2O4 Ans C AvRgZMxi BKevj 01. K¨vjwmqvg I cvwbi wewµqvq Ca(s) + 2H2O (l) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) 40g K¨vjwmqvg 100g cvwbi mv‡_ wewµqv Ki‡j `ªe‡Yi KZ fi Aewkó _vK‡e? A. 58g B. 73g C. 13g D. 140g Ans C 02. Mg + Cr3+ Mg2+ + Cr RviY-weRviY wewµqvwU mgZv Kiv n‡j Avqb¸‡jvi mn‡Mi mgwó KZ n‡e? A. 2 B. 5 C. 7 D. 10 Ans B Why 3 Mg + 2 Cr3+ 3 Mg2+ + 2 Cr 03. GKwU H2SO4 bgybvi 25.0mL cwigvY‡K UvB‡UªU 0.25M NaOH Gi 42.2 cÖ‡qvRb nq| H2SO4 Gi NbgvÎv KZ? A. 0.20M B. 0.21M C. 0.41M D. 0.42M Ans B Why e1S1V1 = e2S2V2 s2 = 0.2542.21 252 = 0.211M wecøe G‡jb 01. KOH I CH3COOH Gi UªvB‡Uk‡bi Dchy³ wb‡`©kK †KvbwU? A. wg_vBj A‡iÄ B. †dbd_¨vwjb C. wg_vBj †iW D. †dbj †iW Ans B Why mej ÿvi I `~e©j GwmW `ªeY ÿvixq ZvB wb‡`©kK A¤øxq †dbd_¨vwjb n‡e| 02. 250 cm3 0.04M Na2CO3 `ªe‡Y KZ MÖvg Na2CO3 Av‡Q? A. 26.5 B. 10.6 C. 8.6 D. 1.06 Ans D Why W = SMV 1000 = 0.04106250 1000 = 1.06g 03. 5g cvwb‡Z Aw·‡Rb cigvYyi msL¨v KZ? [e. †ev.2015] A. 1.5731023 B. 1.6731023 C. 3.3461023 D. 6.0231023 Ans B Why m M = x NA 5 18 = x 6.021023 x = 1.6731023 04. 250mL 0.1M Na2CO3 `ªeY •Zix Ki‡Z KZ MÖvg Na2CO3 jvM‡e? A. 2.65 B. 2.86 C. 26.5 D. 30.9 Ans A Why m M = vs m 106 = 0.2500.1 m = 2.65 05. †mvwWqvg †UUªv_v‡qv‡bU †h․‡M †K›`ªxq cigvYyi RviY gvb KZ? A. 2.0 B. 2.5 C. 3.0 D. 3.5 Ans B Why Na2 S4O6 = 0 +12+4x + 6 (–2) = 0 4x + 2 – 12 =0 x = +2.5 06. MnO4 – + 8H+ +? = Mn2+ + 4H2O ; A. 3e B. 5e C. 6e D. 7e Ans B 07. H2SO4 I NH4OH Gi UªvB‡Uk‡b Dchy³ wb‡`©kK †KvbwU? A. wg_vBj A‡iÄ B. †dbd_¨vwjb C. WvB wg_vBj Kve©vRvBW D. wdbvBj nvBWªvwRb Ans A Why Zxeª GwmW I g„`y ÿv‡i wg_vBj A‡iÄ I wg_vBj †iW e¨eüZ nq| VVI DATA AT A GLANCE HSC PART †miv K‡jR cÖkœ Zxeª GwmW g„`y ÿv‡ii UvB‡Uªk‡bi Dchy³ wb‡`©kK wg_vBj A‡iÄ| [RUDC] wcKwjs G e¨eüZ H2SO4 Gi NbgvÎv 0.05M [ACC] SO2 GKB mv‡_ RviK I weRviK wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| [ACC] [Fe(CN)6] 4– G Fe Gi RviY msL¨v +2 [VNSC] Al2O3 †h․‡Mi A¤øZ¡ 6 n‡e| [HCC] avZe nvBWªvB‡W nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Gi RviY msL¨v –1 [ISC] jyBm GwmW ejv nq BF3 †K| [RC] SnCl4 RviK c`v_©| [RGCC] H2SO4 †m‡KÛvwi ÷¨vÛvW© c`v_©| [IPSC] ‡gvjvi †kvlY mnM Gi GKK Lmol–1 cm –1 [CC] LiAlH4 G H Gi RviY msL¨v –1 [JCSC] Av‡qv‡WvwgwZ‡Z KI e¨envi Kiv nq| [RGC] `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv cÖKv‡ki GKKmg~n n‡jv kZKiv cwigvY I †gvjvwjwU| [ACM] GLPC Gi †ejvq mPj gva¨giƒ‡c wnwjqvg e¨eüZ nq| [HS] wjUgvm wb‡`©kKwU Dw™¢` †_‡K AvnwiZ| [MH] Na2CO3 Ges HCl cÖkg‡bi Rb¨ Dchy³ wb‡`©kK wg_vBj A‡iÄ| [AKS] ‡Wwm‡gvjvi `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv 0.1M [AKS] GwmWxq `ªe‡Y KMnO4 Øviv H2S RvwiZ nq| [NS] HCl G †dbd_¨vwjb eY©nxb eY© aviY K‡i| [NS] ‡Kvb `ªe‡Yi Awfmªeb Pvc _vK‡j Zv‡K e‡j Am‡gvjvi `ªeY| ‡hgbi³im, NaCl Gi Rjxq `ªeY| AvYweK ms‡KZ †h․M ev †g․j Df‡qi n‡Z cv‡i| ‡h †Kvb M¨v‡mi AvYweK fi Dnvi ev®ú Nb‡Z¡i wظY| cÖkgb wewµqvq GwmW I ÿviK mgZzj¨ cwigv‡b wewµqv K‡i| UvB‡Uªk‡b e¨eüZ cÖgvY `ªeY‡K UvB‡UªÛ/ UvBUvi e‡j| ARvbv NbgvÎvi `ªeY‡K UvB‡UªU ev UvBU¨vÛ e‡j| dgy©jv fiB AvYweK fi| Na2CO3 Gi dgy©jv fi 106 Zij Ae¯
vi cvwbi †gvjvi AvqZb n‡”Q 18 mL. Av‡qvwWwgwZ I Av‡qv‡WvwgwZ Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB AwZwi³ KI ‡hvM Ki‡Z nq KMnO4 ¯^wb‡`©kK/ A‡Uv wb‡`©kK| cUvwkqvg-cvi-g¨v½v‡bU t KMnO4 wKš‧ cUvwkqvg g¨v½v‡bU njt K2MnO4| cUvwmqvg cvig¨v½v‡bU GKwU kw³kvjx RviK| cvigvYweK †kvlY †iwW‡qk‡bi Drm Hollow K¨v‡_vW j¨v¤ú| cvigvbweK †kvlY eY©vwj‡Z cigvYy KZ…©K †kvwlZ †iwW‡qkb weqv‡ii m~Î AYymiY K‡i| cvigvYweK †kvlY eY©vwj dvg©v‡KvjwR, ev‡qvwdwR· I Uw·‡KvjwR‡Z e¨eüZ nq| `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv I Av‡jvK ZxeªZv n«v‡mi g‡a¨ m¤úK© ¯
vcbKvix m~·K weqvi m~Î e‡j| weqvi-evDRvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~·K ms‡ÿ‡c j¨v¤^vU© m~Î e‡j| weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi MvwYwZK iƒc: A = Cl| A¨veRwe©wU()Gi GKK nj L.cm-1 .mol-1 ‡gvj GK‡K †kvwlZ e¯‧i IRb‡K †gvjvi A¨veRwe©wU e‡j| Zi½ •`‡N©¨i mv‡_ A¨veRwe©wU cwiewZ©Z nq| my`„p cÖ¯‧wZi Rb¨ cÖ¨vKwUm ev Abykxj‡bi weKí †bB ZvB gvbm¤§Z cÖ‡kœi AbykxjbB †Zvgv‡K GwM‡q ivL‡e| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb wb‡Pi eB¸‡jv- Avm‡c± fvwm©wU PP©v Avm‡c± †gwW PP©v Avm‡c± BwÄ. PP©v

442 cwigvYMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES MCQ CONCEPT TEST WRITTEN 01. 100ml 0.001M Na2CO3 `ªeY‡K cÖkwgZ Kivi Rb¨ 0.2M HCl `ªe‡Yi ‡h AvqZb cÖ‡qvRb n‡eA. 4ml B. 1ml C. 2ml D. 20ml 02. 500 cc 0.1 ‡gvjvi NaOH `ªeY •Zix Ki‡Z wK cwigvY NaOH cÖ‡qvRb? A. 20 gm B. 40 gm C. 2 gm D. 4 gm 03. i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri cwigvb = 20 wgwj‡gvj/ wjUvi| wgwjMÖvg/†Wwm wjUvi GK‡K KZ cwigvY? A. 1 B. 180 C. 360 D. 250 04. evZv‡mi N2 Gi NbgvÎv hw` nq- 0.095% (AvqZb kZvsk)| ppm GK‡K GB gvb KZ? A. 95 B. 950 C. 0.95 D. 9500 05. 18g Møy‡KvR AYy‡Z KZwU Aw·‡Rb cigvYy Av‡Q? A. 6.01023 B. 3.61023 C. 6.01022 D. 3.61024 06. 1.6 MÖvg ‡eªvwg‡bi g‡a¨ KZ †gvj Br2 i‡q‡Q? A.0.01 mol B. 1.2 mol C. 0.24 mol D. 0.4 mol 07. wb¤œwjwLZ wewµqv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Dw³wU fzj? 2FeCl3(aq)+SnCl2(aq)2FeCl2(aq)+SnCl4(aq) A. Fe3+ weRvwiZ nq B. Cl- RvwiZ nq C. Sn2+ RvwiZ nq D. Fe3+ RvwiZ nq 08. H2O2+SO2 H2SO4 wewµqvwU‡Z A. H2O2 oxidizing agent, SO2 reducing agent B. SO2 oxidizing agent, H2O2 reducing agent C. H2O2 acid, SO2 base D. Not a oxidiation-reduction reaction. 09. CuSO4 `ªe‡Y H2S Pvjbv K‡i Cu Gi Aat‡ÿc cvIqv †Mj, G‡ÿ‡Î Cu- Gi wK NU‡jv? A. RviY B. weRviY C. RviY-weRviY D. ‡KvbwUB bq 10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RviY-weRviY wewµqv bq? A. 2FeCl3+ SnCl2 SnCl4+ 2FeCl2 B. CuO+ H2 Cu+ H2O C. CaCO3CaO + CO2 D. H2S+ Cl22 HCl+ S 11. CuSO4 I KI Gi g‡a¨ wewµqvi d‡j Drcbœ c`v_©¸wj n‡”QA. Cu2I2+K2SO4 B. Cu2I2+K2SO4+I2 C. CuI+K2S+I2O D. CuI2+K2+I2 12. iwOb Dw™¢` njy‡`i imÑ i. GKwU A¤ø-ÿvi wb‡`©kK ii. ÿvixq gva¨‡g ev`vwg jvj eY© aviY K‡i iii. A¤øxq gva¨‡g nvjKv njy` eY© avib K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii 13. CuSO4 + Kl Cu2l2 + l2 + K2SO4 wewµqvq †KvbwU `k©K Avqb? A. Cu2+ B. SO4 2- C. I- D. Cu+ 14. Stock System Abymv‡i K2MnO4-G Mn -Gi RviY msL¨v KZ? A. VI B. VII C. IV D. V 15. AvcwZZ Av‡jvi ZxeªZv I gva¨‡gi cyiæZ¡ t n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. dt dl I B. – dt dl I C. dt dl = I D. – dt dl = I OMR SHEET 01. A B C D 06. A B C D 11. A B C D 02. A B C D 07. A B C D 12. A B C D 03. A B C D 08. A B C D 13. A B C D 04. A B C D 09. A B C D 14. A B C D 05. A B C D 10. A B C D 15. A B C D cÖkœ-16. H2C2O4 GKwU cÖv_wgK cÖgvY c`v_©Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-17. weqvi-j¨v¤^vU© m~‡Îi wee„wZ `vI| DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-18. msÁv wjL: (i) †gvjvwiwU, (ii) †gvjvi `ªeY, (iii) cÖkgb wewµqv, (iv) cÖkgb we›`y, (iv) wb‡`©kK, (v) UvB‡Uªkb(vi) ¯^ZtRviY-weRviY wewµqv, (vii) AmvgÄm¨ wewµqv DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-19. RwUj gvwÎK UvB‡Uªkb Kx? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-20. H2SO4 Gi GK †gvj ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-21. MnO4 – †K RviK ejv nq †Kb? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-22. cÖkgb we›`y ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-23. cvigvbweK ‡kvlb eY©vwjwgwZi g~j bxwZ wjL? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-24. UV-Visible spectroscopy Gi g~j bxwZ wjL? DËi : ............................................................................................ cÖkœ-25. Disproportionasion Reaction ej‡Z wK eySvq? DËi : ............................................................................................ MCQ ANSWER ANALYSIS WRITTEN cÖkœ bs DËi e¨vL¨v 01 B HCl Na2CO3 ; V1S1e1 = V2S2e2 V10.21 = 1000.0012 V1 = 1ml 02 C n = vs ev, vs M m ev, m = Mvs = 400.10.500 = 2g 03 C Item-–03 Abymv‡i 18 Øviv ¸b Ki‡jB DËi cvIqv hv‡e| myZivs, 1820 = 360 04 B ppm GK‡K gvb = % 104 = 0.095 104 = 950 05 B A A N M m x N x M m = 23 6.023 10 180 18 = 6.0231022 C6H12O6 ‡Z Aw·‡Rb cigvYyi msL¨v = 6.02310226 = 3.61023 06 A n = W M = 1.6 160 = 0.01

CHEMISTRY PLUS cwigvYMZ imvqb 443 ASPECT SERIES cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES ASPECT SERIES cÖkœ bs DËi e¨vL¨v 07 B,D Fe3+ + e Fe2+ A_v©r GLv‡b Fe3+ RviK ZvB †m weRvwiZ nq| †K¬vwi‡bi RviY gv‡bi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b nq bv| ZvB †K¬vwib `k©K Avqb| 08 A SO2 G RviY msL¨v †e‡o‡Q| ZvB weRviK| 09 B CuSO4 + H2S CuS + H2SO4 ‡h‡nZz wewµqvwU‡Z ïay Kcv‡ii Aat‡ÿ‡ci K_v e‡j‡Q ZvB weRviY n‡e KviY CuSO4 G Cu Gi RviY msL¨v +2 wKš‧ Cu G 0 d‡j RviY msL¨v K‡g‡Q e‡jB weRviY n‡q‡Q| 10 C GLv‡b; (C) †Z wewµqvwUi Av‡M I c‡i Ca, O, C Gi RviY msL¨vi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq wb| ZvB GwU RviY weRviY wewµqv bq| 11 B 2CuSO4 + 4KI 2K2SO4 +Cu2I2 + I2 12 D Concept-7, Chart-5 13 B 2CuSO4 + 4KI Cu2I2 + I2 + 2K2SO4 -G SO4 2- Avq‡bi RviY gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv e‡j GwU `k©K Avqb wn‡m‡e 14 A (+1 2) + x + (–2 4) = 0 x = +6 15 B Concept-14 16 †h me †h․M‡K cÖK…wZ‡Z gy³ Ae¯
vq ivL‡j Zvi NbgvÎv AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K Zv‡`i cÖvBgvix ÷¨vÛvW© c`v_© ev cÖv_wgK cÖgvY c`v_© e‡j| H2C2O4 cÖK…wZ‡Z gy³ Ae¯
vq NbgvÎvq AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| d‡j Gi NbgvÎv Rvbv _v‡K| GRb¨ H2C2O4 GKwU cÖv_wgK cÖgvY c`v_©| 17 Ò`ªe‡Y Dcw¯
Z †Kvb bgybv KZ…©K †kvwlZ †iwW‡qk‡bi Ask cwigvYMZfv‡e bgybvi NbgvÎvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| BnvB weqvi j¨v¤^vU© Gi m~Î bv‡g cwiwPZ| 18 DËi wb‡R Ly‡uR bvI 19 †h UvB‡Uªkb c×wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv eû`šÍx wjM¨vÛ Zv‡`i B‡jKUªb †Rvo cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g avZe Avq‡bi m‡½ ZvrÿwYK gvwÎK wewµqvq myw¯
Z RwUj †hvM MVb K‡i hv avZe wb‡`©k‡Ki eY© cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g mgvwß we›`y wb‡`©k K‡i, Zv‡K RwUj gvwÎK UvB‡Uªkb e‡j| 20 †g․wjK ev †h․wMK c`v‡_©i AvYweK fi‡K MÖv‡g cÖKvk Ki‡j MÖv‡g cÖKvwkZ fi‡K H †g․wjK ev †h․wMK c`v‡_©i GK †gvj ejv nq| H2SO4 Gi GK †gvj ej‡Z H2SO4 Gi AvYweK fi 98 †K MÖv‡g cÖKvk Ki‡j hv nq Zv‡KB †evSvq| A_©vr H2SO4 Gi GK †gvj ej‡Z 98g H2SO4 †K †evSvq| 21 †Kv‡bv cigvYy, g~jK ev Avqb B‡jKUªb MÖnY Ki‡j Zv‡K RviK e‡j| MnO4 – RviK iƒ‡c wµqv K‡i: MnO4 – (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e– Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O G wewµqvq MnO4 – B‡jKUªb MÖnY K‡i weRvwiZ nq| myZivs MnO4 – GKwU RviK| 22 cÖkgb wewµqvq †h we›`y‡Z mKj nvB‡Wªv‡Rb (H + ) Avqb mKj nvB‡Wªvw·j (OH– ) Avq‡bi mv‡_ wewµqvq wbi‡cÿag©x cvwb Drcbœ K‡i, Zv‡K cÖkgb we›`y e‡j| †hgb- Zxeª GwmW I Zxeª ÿv‡ii UvB‡Uªkb wewµqvq wb‡`©k‡Ki Dcw¯
wZ‡Z eY© cwieZ©‡bi †kl we›`ywU ey¨‡iU †_‡K cÖvß cvV †_‡K wba©viYK…Z nq| GB †kl we›`ywUB n‡jv cÖkgb we›`y| 23 g~jbxwZ: ‡Kvb we‡kl ‡g․‡ji cigvYyi ewnt¯
 AiweUv‡ji B‡j±ªbxq ¯
vbvšÍ‡ii •ewkó¨ g~jK Zwor ‡P․¤^Kxq ‡iwW‡qkb hLb D³ ‡g․‡ji cvigvbweK ev‡®úi g‡a¨ AvcwZZ nq ZLb cigvYyKZ©…K D³ ‡iwW‡qkb ‡kvwlZ nq d‡j B‡jKUªb wb¤œZg kw³¯Íi ‡_‡K D”PZi kw³¯Í‡i ¯
vbvšÍi K‡i| ‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv, ev‡®ú we`¨gvb wb¤œZg kw³¯Í‡i cigvYyi cwigv‡bi mv‡_ cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e m¤úwK©Z| 24 Concept-15, Item-2 25 †h ivmvqwbK wewµqvq GKwU †g․‡ji GKB mv‡_ RviY I weRviY N‡U Zv‡K Disproportionasion Reaction e‡j| cÖkœB hLb cÖkœ nq †kl `„wó KviY AbymÜvb cÖ‡qvRb bq †gvjvwiwU I †gvjvwjwU Gi g‡a¨ ‡gvjvwiwU ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©ikxj †Kb? †gvjvwiwU I †gvjvwjwU Gi g‡a¨ ‡gvjvwjwUi e¨envi DËg †Kb? †Kv‡bv `ªve‡Ki GK †gvjvi `ªeY Ges GK †gvjvj `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ †KvbwU †ewk Mvp? Na2S2O3 †K DËß Ki‡j Na2S2O4 Ges Na2S Drcbœ nq-wewµqvwUi aib Av‡qv‡WvwgwZ †Kb? †Kvb †g․‡ji Avq‡b m„ó Pv‡R©i msL¨vB H †g․‡ji RviY msL¨v †Kb? †hvRbx c~Y©msL¨v n‡jI RviY msL¨v abvZ¥K-FYvZ¥K GgbwK fMœvsk n‡Z cv‡iÑ †Kb? GKB †hvRbx wewkó †g․‡ji RviY gvb wfbœ wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i-‡Kb? GwmW -ÿvi UªvB‡Uªk‡bi mgvwß we›`y‡Z `ªe‡Yi pH Gi gvb memgq 7 Gi mgvb nq bv †Kb? `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv C > 0.10M n‡j weqvi j¨v¤^vU© m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨ nq †Kb? weqvi j¨v¤^vU© Gi m~‡Î GKeY©x Av‡jvK e¨envi bv Ki‡j AKvh©Ki nq †Kb? UvB‡Uªk‡b H2SO4 Gi cwie‡Z© HCl I HNO3 Gi `ªeY e¨envi Kiv hvq †Kb? UvB‡Uªkb ïaygvÎ wecixZ `ywU `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ n‡q _v‡K †Kb? wb‡`©kK¸‡jv `ye©j ‣Re GwmW / •Re ÿvi nq †Kb? †Kv‡bv `ªe‡Yi †gvjvwiwU wnmve Kivi mgq `ªve‡Ki cwigvY MYbvi wnmv‡e aiv nq bv †Kb? `ªe‡Yi `ªexf~Z `ª‡ei cwigvY hw` AwZ Aí nq Z‡e †m †ÿ‡ÎB †Kej ppm e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb? Zzj¨ cwigvY GwmW Zzj¨ cwigvY ÿvi‡K cÖkwgZ K‡i †Kb? ZvcgvÎv e„wׇZ †gvjvwiwU n«vm cvq †Kb? `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©‡q weqvi j¨v¤^v‡U©i m~Î Kvh©Ki Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| A¨veR‡e©Ý Zi½‣`‡N¨©i mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq †Kb? avZzi wkLv cixÿvq m„ó D¾¡j wewKiY eY©vwj I Kv‡jv †kvlY eY©vwji Zi½ •`N¨© GKB †Kb? Ò¯^cœ Zv bq, hv Avgiv Ny‡gi g‡a¨ †`wL; ¯^cœ ZvB hvi Rb¨ Avgiv Nygv‡Z cvwi bv|Ó .... G wc †R Avãyj Kvjvg