CHARACTERS INTRODUCTION PAGE 2 CHAPTER 1 : COVELANT BOND PAGE 3-7 CHAPTER 2: IONIC BOND CHAPTER 3: METALLIC BOND MANUAL OF THE BOARD GAME 1 PAGE 8-18 PAGE 19-25 PAGE 26-88
JAMES P.JULLIVAN BOO MIKE WAZOWSKI ROX RANDALL BOGGS 2
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Randall Boggs, I have a question what is a “covelant bons “ Randall Boggs A covalent bond is formed by the equal sharing of electrons from both participating atoms. There are two basic types of covalent bond. 4
WHAT!? COVELANT BOND HAVE TWO TYPES ? Yes ROX, POLAR AND NON POLAR. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are unequally shared by the atoms and spend more time close to one atom than the other. 5
So, how about the NONPOLAR covelant bond ? NONPOLAR covalent bonds form between two atoms of the same element, or between atoms of different elements 6
Covalent bonding can be achieved in two ways. first,Sharing of electrons between atoms of the same kind, for example, formation of H2, Cl2, O2, Second,Sharing of electrons between atoms of different kinds, for example, formation of CH4, H2O, NH3. THE END OF CHAPTER 1...... 7
CHAPTER 2 : IONIC BOND 8
Hey Randall Boggs,erm i’m curious what is an ionic bond? The electrostatic force of attraction which holds the two oppositely charged ions together is called the ionic bond. 9
Randall Boggs, can you Explain with an example What is an ionic bond? When a positively charged ion forms a bond with a negatively charged ion, one atom donates electrons to the other, this is known as an ionic bond. The chemical molecule Sodium Chloride is an example of an ionic bond. 10
Ionic bonding is a form of chemical connection in which one atom loses valence electrons and gains them from another. For both atoms involved, this exchange results in a more stable noble gas electrical state. The attractive electrostatic interactions between two ions of opposite charge form an ionic bond. Wait,what kind of force is present in ionic bonds ROX? 11
How do you find ionic formulas ROX? To obtain an ionic compound’s formula, first determine the cation and record its symbol and charge. Then, write down the anion’s symbol and charge on a piece of paper. Finally, unite the two ions to create a chemical molecule that is electrically neutral. 12
Are ionic bonds between two nonmetals Randall Boggs ? Consider whether each element is a metal or a nonmetal to anticipate the sort of bond that will form between them. In general, nonmetals form covalent bonds, metals and nonmetals create ionic connections, and metals and metals create metallic connections. 13
How do you break ionic bonds Randall Boggs ? Ionic chemicals dissolve in polar solvents like water because they are polar. When polar solvents disrupt the ionic bonds, they dissolve. By dissolving the ionic substance in water, you can disrupt the ionic bonds. 14
Rox,Can an ionic bond form between two metals? No mike, the ionic bond can not form between two metals. An ionic bond is formed between positive and negative ions or a metal and a non-metal by the donation of electrons. 15
How are ionic bonds formed between atoms Rox? Ionic bonds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons between two atoms. An atom that gains an electron acquires a negative charge and is known as an anion, while the atom that loses an electron acquires a positive charge and is referred to as a cation. 16
Do ionic bonds have a high melting point Randall Boggs? Yes JAMES P.JULLIVAN, ionic bonds have a high melting point. Ionic bonds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons held together by a strong electrostatic force of attraction. It has a high melting point because a large amount of energy is required to break their bonds. 17
What makes an ionic bond stronger? A dispositive cation forms a more robust covalent bond than a unipositive cation. Moreover, small ions form strong covalent bonds than large ions because of effective nuclear charge. The end of chapter 2 18
CHAPTER 3: METALLIC BOND 19
What is meant by metallic bond? Metallic bond is electrostatic attraction force between the sea of electrons and the positively-charged metal ions. 20
How does metallic bond form? Metallic bonds result from the electrostatic attraction between metal cations and delocalize electrons. 21
How metallic bond work? Each metal atom is surrounded by lots of other metal atoms and they all share their valence electrons 22
The structure of metallic bond consists of closely packed atoms 23
What are the properties of metallic bond? ·Thermal Conductivity ·Malleability and Ductility ·Metallic Luster High Melting and Boiling Points The properties of metallic bond are 24
What are the characteristics of metallic bond? The characteristics of metallic bond are strength, malleability, ductility, thermal and electrical conductivity, opacity and luster End of chapter 3!! 25
MANUAL 1. This is A board GAME inspired by SNAKE AND LEADERS. 2. Players need to read the E-COMIC first before playing the board game. 3. Players take turns rolling the die to determine how many steps they can move on their turn. 4. If a player lands on the base of a ladder, they move up. 5. If the player land on the characters , REFER AT THE NEXT PAGE FOR THE PUNISHMENT. 6. If the player land on the “Q” mark, The PLAYER need to answer the question in the MANUAL of the E-COMIC according to the number given beside the “Q” MARK. Example: Q23. need to answer question 23 in the E-COMIC 7. If the player land on the box that contain punishment and Q. they have to do both. 8. If the player that failed to answer the question need to reverse 2 steps behind 9. The player that reach the end first is the winner 26
PUNISHMENTS FREE ZONE SING A SONG WALK LIKE A DUCK MOVE TO BOX NUMBER 10 RUN IN THE SAME PLACE JUMPING JACKS x10 MOVE T0 BOX NUMBER 36 27
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1 . If a covalent bond were to be formed between a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom , which of the following statements would best describe such a bond? a. non-polar covalend b. Polar covalent where the oxygen atom carried the partial negative charge c. Polar covalent where the nitrogen atom carried the partial negative charge d. Polar covalent where the oxygen atom carried the partial positive charge 29
Since the oxygen atom is more electronegative, the electrons in the bond will be attracted to the O atom more strongly, creating positive and negative ends to the bond, i.e., a dipole. Since the oxygen atom is more electronegative, it will carry the partial negative charge. ANSWER : B 30
2. Which of the following molecules would one expect to have a non-polar covalent bond? a. hcl b. f2 c. hf d. cif 31
Since the two F atoms at either end of the covalent bond have the same electronegativities, the electrons will be perfectly evenly shared and the bond will be non-polar. ANSWER : B 32
3. what is a covalent bond ? 33
ANSWER : covalent bond is formed by the equal sharing of electrons from both participating atoms. There are two basic types of covalent bond. 34
4. there are HOW MANY TYPES OF covalend bond ? 35
ANSWER : There are two main types of covalent bonds: polar covalent bonds and nonpolar covalent bonds. These bonds form between atoms when they share electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration. 36
5. what is a nonpolar bond ? 37
ANSWER : A nonpolar bond is a type of covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally between two atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of charge. In other words, there is no significant charge separation in a nonpolar covalent bond. Nonpolar covalent bonds typically occur when two identical atoms or atoms with very similar electronegativities are bonded together. 38
6. what is a polar bond ? 39
ANSWER : A polar bond is a type of covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally between two atoms. Instead, there is an uneven distribution of electron density, leading to a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other. This charge separation occurs because the two atoms in the bond have different electronegativities, which is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons. 40
7. How do covalent bonds differ from ionic bonds? 41
ANSWER : Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. 42
8.What is the primary force that holds atoms together in a covalent bond? 43
ANSWER : The primary force that holds atoms together in a covalent bond is the electrostatic attraction between the shared electrons and the positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms. 44
9.What is electronegativity, and how does it relate to covalent bonds? 45
ANSWER : Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons. In covalent bonds, the difference in electronegativity between two atoms determines whether the bond is polar or nonpolar. 46
10.Can carbon form both polar and nonpolar covalent bonds? 47
ANSWER : Yes, carbon can form both polar and nonpolar covalent bonds depending on the atoms it is bonded to. When carbon is bonded to atoms with similar electronegativities, the bonds are nonpolar; when bonded to atoms with different electronegativities, the bonds can be polar. 48
11. In metals, the _______ electrons form a shared sea of electrons. a. Metallic b. Inner c. Outer d. Ionic 49