Abstract Book_ARAHE2023

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: One of the goals of a teacher education is to link the practical training in secondary school more closely to the exam of teacher education.The aim of this study is to analyse and describe didactic considerations in a new form of exam for students at University of Troms® (UiT) with pupils from food and health (home economics) in secondary school. The exam was based on a two-part exam with an oral exam on Teams and furthermore a practical and didactic exam in the kitchen at University with secondary school pupils. The students had drawn a topic for the exam and they created a dinner menu and teaching plan for the chosen grade level. The oral exam showed also how they used the digital tool "diet planner". by calculating and evaluating their menu by comparing the nutrients with the Norwegian Health Directorate's recommendations and find discrepancies and discussing the results. The answer is entered in Wiseflow, which is online assessment for education and certification. A professional, practical and didactic exam was arranged with the planning of a practical teaching session and performing.The research is descriptive data, and data were collected using interview and observations from 14 students studying food and health (30 ECTS). The findings indicate that the collaboration between teacher educator at UiT, sensor and teacher for the pupils was successful. Also innovative is that these students graduate from the university with pupils from secondary school on the exam. Most students showed on the oral and practical didactic exam that they had professionally updated practical, nutritional and didactic food competence. Some students thought that this form of exam showed competence that teacher students should have and that this exam form was very relevant. However, the implementation of this alternative form of exam is resource-intensive. Keywords: students, teacher education, exam Online Oral and Practical Didactic Exams in Food and Health in Teacher Education at University Line Husjord¹, Hanne Muller² ¹University of Tromsd, Norway, ²Oslo Metropolitan University Corresponding author: [email protected] 51

Abstract: In the past, learning in cooking practice tended to be aimed at acquiring knowledge and skills related to cooking, and evaluations were based solely on knowledge and skills. In the new curriculum, learning activities are now evaluated from three perspectives: 1) Knowledge and skills, 2) The students’ abilities to think, make judgments and express themselves, and 3) The students’ motivation to learn. This means that cooking practice is no longer simply about acquiring knowledge and skills, but rather it is necessary to clarify what other competencies are to be fostered through the learning activities of cooking practice and determine how to evaluate them. This study develops an evaluation model that enables high school home economics teachers, as evaluators, to enhance the quality of learning evaluation. A group of one researcher and two cooperating teachers was formed, and continuous conferences using social networking services were conducted to improve the quality of home economics teachers’ evaluations. The conferences were held from November 2022 to March 2023. The conversations, documents, photos, and other information shared by the group were not disclosed to anyone outside, and the conferences proceeded in the closed space of the group. The conferences focused on evaluating cooking practices, as per the cooperating teachers’ request. At the first conference, the cooperating teachers could explain the evaluation of students’ knowledge and skills but could not visualize the evaluation of students’ abilities to think, make judgments, and express themselves in cooking practices. By setting up a social networking service, a place where people could easily communicate, various specific cooking practice situations were shared. As the number of conferences increased, the cooperating teachers were observed to gain confidence. Eventually, the cooperating teachers were able to attempt to create a rubric with three different perspectives for the evaluation of cooking practices. Keywords: Evaluations, High School Home Economics, Cooking practice A Study of Evaluations from the Viewpoint of Evaluator Training in High School Home Economics Setsuko Nakayama¹ ¹Faculty of Education, Chiba University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 52

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In Western Australia (WA), a series of emerging issues is confronting the subject of Home Economics. These issues include yet another curriculum review at the national level, ad hoc implementation within schools, inconsistent enactment within the curriculum since the introduction of the Technologies Learning Area in WA since 2018 and changing external societal pressures, especially in foods and textiles. An exploratory review of Home Economics is being undertaken, from the perspective of teachers who deliver the subject, as they are most impacted by these issues and pressures. The review is being conducted through an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach, utilising surveys and interviews. This paper will focus on preliminary findings from the survey, conducted with over 100 WA Home Economics teachers. The survey findings illustrate inconsistencies regarding subject delivery, implementation and curriculum enactment of Home Economics within the respondents’ schools. In addition, teachers expressed varying degrees of satisfaction in alignment with current professional development and curriculum support, both within their schools and associated curriculum bodies. These findings suggest that Home Economics needs to re-examine its function and relevance as a subject, in order to meet needs of students in the 21st century. WA Home Economics teachers have expressed clear views in terms of current understandings and perceptions, and future visions for Home Economics that can inform this discussion. Keywords: Home Economics teachers, Inconsistencies, Subject delivery, Curriculum Enactment, Schools 53 An Exploratory Review of Home Economics’ Function and Relevance: Western Australian Home Economics Teachers’ Perceptions Sandy Smith¹ ¹Edith Cowan University, Australia Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract: Majority students who taking Home Science as an elective subject for Form 4 and Form 5 at daily academic school in Malaysia having academic achievement background only passed in almost all subjects and failed in Science and Mathematics subjects in Form Three Examination. However, in a few secondary schools in Johor State, this category of student gets excellent grade (A grade) in Malaysian Education Certificate Examination for the Home Science subject that consists of Science and Mathematics elements. Literature stated that teachers’ teaching strategy influence academic achievement of student. Therefore, this qualitative study is conducted to identify quality teaching of Home Science teachers in secondary schools of Johor State. The study involved 97 Home Science teachers in 11 districts of Johor State that selected using random cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaire as research instrument. Research finding showed that quality teaching of the Home Science teacher is at moderate level (mean=3.39, sd=1.67). There is no significant difference between the Home Science teachers’ quality teaching with their teaching experience, there is relationship between quality teaching and teaching effectiveness. Those teachers keen to apply various teaching strategy to ensure excellency of their students in Malaysian Education Certificate Examination. This study suggested for District Educational Offices of Johor to collaborate with Vocational and Technical Department of Johor State Educational Department to provide various pedagogical training programs for novice and experienced Home Science teachers to improve both their teaching skills, technical knowledge of the subject and effective teaching practices. Keywords: Teaching quality, Home Science, effective teaching practice Teaching Quality of Home Science Teachers in Johor State Angayarkanni a/p Munusamy¹, and Sarimah Ismail²* ¹,²*School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 54

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: This research aims to construct a lifelonglearning model for young carersand carers. The research method is a survey of previous research and observation of class participation in high school. We used to analyze student narratives. Based on the results, we developed a lifelong learning model that incorporates the curriculum theory of “LearningCommunity”. The literature confirmed that those who recognized that they were caring or being cared for tried to implement self-help, mutual help, and public help for the future of care in society.Therefore, the curriculum in high schoolwas designed to demonstrate the ethics of caring witha sense of ownership, and to think about and implement supportmeasures. Through dialogue with young carers,dialogue between teachersand students, and dialogue betweenstudents, the students demonstrate a sense of ownership with respect to, and an understanding of, the ambiguityand ethics of care, and support measures. As a result, it was first suggested that understanding the concept of care, respecting the human rights of carers and young carers, and recognizing that everyone is being cared for would lead to thinking about carer support. Secondly, the importance of a learningcurriculum that considers living was suggested. Thirdly, the program must be designed in collaboration with schoolteachers, residents, local government officials, doctors, nurses, care workers,and others. Fourth, we suggest that a lifelong learning model requires a combination of philosophical dialogue, for mutual learning in which learners learn from each other and between teachers and learners, and experiential learning to acquire basic life skills. In addition to these studies, vocational development basedon the learners' preferences should be provided. Keywords: Young-carer, care, human rights, mutual assistance, welfare, school education 55 The Lifelong Learning Model for Young-carer and Carer （Family Caregiver） Mieko Saito¹, Mayumi Sato² & Akane Kanouchi³ ¹,²,³Kawamura Gakuen Woman’s University Corresponding author: [email protected]

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21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: We evaluated school lunch meals and one-month menus using triangulation, a mixed method research design. There are 320 participants, which includes the school canteen managers, food preparers, and studentcustomers who evaluated their own lunch meals and a third-party evaluator. Three randomly selected lunch meals from each school were analyzed using seven criteria, namely, aesthetics, nutritive value, palatability, serving size, food safety, variety, and value for money. A FocusGroup Discussion was also conducted to probe on the quality of meals. Descriptive statistics was used for the quantitative aspect of consumer acceptability and content analysis for the qualitative data. The MenuEvalplus, a free web-based software developed by FNRI-DOST, was used for the nutritional content analysis of meals and recipes. The study was approved by a Level 4 Research Ethics Committee. Results showed that canteen lunch meals are acceptable for its student customers and food preparers while moderately acceptable for the third-party evaluator. Specifically, the meals served are highly acceptable in three out of the seven criteria, namely: safety, palatability, and value for money. However, the set meals need improvements in terms of serving size, aesthetics, nutritional content, and variety. The results of the evaluated meals appear to reflect the needed improvements in the schools’ one-month menus. In terms of nutritional analysis, menus supplied the Required Energy and Nutrient Intake (RENI) score for many nutrients and, in particular, are good sources of Thiamine, Niacin, Protein, Phosphorous, and Energy. However, Calcium, Vitamin A and C, Riboflavin, and Iron content are insufficient. Thus, it can be concluded that while canteen lunch meals and their one-month sample menu are found to be acceptable, improvement is necessary so that the meals can truly supply the nutritional needs of the students while in school. Consequently, the kitchen staff can benefit from continuous updating and training to enhance competency. Keywords: Meal evaluation, school canteen lunch meal. How Meals Faired in Evaluation: A Study of Selected School Canteens in Metro Manila Ma. Aurora P. Reganit¹, Joanne R. Bantang¹ ¹College of Home Economics, University of the Philippines Corresponding author: [email protected] 57

Abstract: The Japanese Courses of Study stipulate that curriculum should be organized from a cross-curricular perspective to develop competency. To conduct cross-curricular lessons within the framework of subject education, it is necessary to be able to plan and evaluate lessons based on the goals of each subject. Therefore, we thought that organizing the points of contact with other subjects based on goals and units of study would provide a base for considering cross-curricular classes. Textbooks are standard teaching materials, and they are a prominent expression of trends in Japanese education. Textbooks are also a collection of goals and units. Textbooks are a meaningful resource for exploring the connections between subjects. To clarify the points of contact between Japanese home economics textbooks and other subjects. The “links” (Symbols indicating contact with other subjects) to 10 home economics textbooks from 1999 to the present are listed in a table. The contents of the “links” are categorized according to "deep learning. The number of links has increased significantly since 2016, changing the structure to make it easier to find connections to other subjects. When the number of occurrences of links was counted by subject, social studies (59 links) had the highest number, followed by special subject morality (38 links), technology (35 links), and health and physical education (27 links). As a result of the typology based on "deep learning," the "knowledge association" link emerged most frequently. As for the other typologies, qualitative differences between subjects were observed. "Collaboration with others" was found to be often linked to the subject "etc." e.g., "special subject, morality" and "special activities". Based on the results in this study, cross-curricular lessons will be developed, and the effectiveness of the lessons will be verified. Keywords: Home economics, Cross-curricular lesson, deep learning, contact point, and link Contacts with Other Subjects in Japanese Home Economics Textbooks in Junior High School Takuya Nihashi1¹ ¹Osaka Shoin Women`s University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 58

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: This study determined the extent of effectiveness of the Project C.A.R.E Program in improving the technical performance of Indigenous students. The research utilized the Pre-test and Post-Test single group design to establish a scientific basis for the effectiveness of the program. The rubrics for product and process authentic assessment were employed to determine the technical performance of the indigenous students. The participants of this study were Indigenous Senior High School TVL students at Esperanza National High School. The technical performances of the participants were assessed and evaluated by the TLE teachers through rubrics. The program lasted for three months and included the skills demonstration, students’ skills demonstration and assessment, and community participation. Results of the studies show that the pre-test scores of the respondents were revealed as fair, which means that the students were able to demonstrate the basic skills but had committed several errors on the given criteria and had failed to manage their time. However, when the post-test was administered after taking the CARE program, there was a significant difference interpreted as Good which means that the students were able to improve their technical skills. The result showed that the CARE program has brought positive changes in the technical performance of the students. Thus, the Community-Based Assistance for Relevant Education [CARE] program was deemed to have contributed to the improvement of the technical skills of SHS IP students. Therefore, the results of the study conclude that the higher the extent of utilization of the Project CARE program to the students, the better their technical performance. Keywords: Technical skills, community-based, indigenous, senior high school, tech-voc. Community-Based Assistance for Relevant Education (C.A.R.E) Program: Enhancing the Technical Performance of Indigenous Students Arjay C. Raborar¹ ¹Esperanza National High School, Koronadal City Division Corresponding author: [email protected] 59

Abstract: After World War II, Japanese houses changed dramatically from tatami-mat Japanese-style rooms to Western-style rooms. On the other hand, with the revision of the government curriculum guidelines in 2017, traditional culture was included more in the curriculum. Therefore, we conducted a survey on the awareness of elementary school students about residential traditions and culture, so that we can make use of this result in future education of housing and lifestyle culture. The survey was conducted by questionnaire, asking the elementary school students to fill them out. We targeted 4th to 6th graders at F Elementary School in Shimane Prefecture in December 2020. The number of copies distributed was 175, the number of valid responses was 163, and the effective response rate was 93%. Using the SD method, we asked about "the image that comes to mind when you hear the phrase 'tatami room'" using 21 adjective pairs. As a result, students had the image of "quiet", "clear", and "historical building". By doing factor analysis, three factors were precipitated, the "value" factor, the "material" factor, and the "tradition" factor. Factor scores were calculated for each individual student, and for each factor, the top 30% were grouped into a high-scoring group, the middle 40% into a medium-scoring group, and the bottom 30% into a low-scoring group. The higher the scores on the "value" factor and "material" factor, the higher the percentage of respondents who were "interested in traditional dwellings", "want to learn about traditional dwellings," and "feel familiar with traditional Japanese-style rooms". The "tradition" factor was not related to any of the items. In consequence, this study suggests that feeling comfortable in "tatami room" and being attracted to the material may become a motivation for learning traditional Japanese-style rooms. Keywords: Japanese-style rooms, residential culture education, elementary school students, sd method, tatami room Elementary School Students' Awareness on Japanese-Style Rooms in Housing Curriculum Sachi Masaoka¹, Minae Kamesaki², Hikaru Enomoto³ & Hiroko Tanaka⁴ ¹Faculty of Education, Shimane University ²Faculty of Education, Saitama University ³Faculty of Nutritional Science, Sagami Women’s University ⁴Faculty of Education, Shiga University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 60

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Relationship building has always been an important issue in human life. In particular, it is essential for adolescents to cultivate the ability to form and maintain healthy relationships from a developmental perspective. Moreover, the importance of relationship competency has become more prominent during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, at the level of public education, substantial relationship education for Korean youth is necessary. This study is an attempt to discuss what knowledge, skills, and attitudes are needed to develop the ability of adolescents to form and maintain healthy and happy human relationships throughout their lives. To this end, first, the background and characteristics of the emergence of mandatory Relationship Education in the UK were examined, and the contents of Relationship Education by elementary and secondary schools were compared and analyzed with the Korean HEE curriculum. As a result of comparative analysis, Relationship Education in elementary and secondary schools in the UK was very similar to the learning content dealt with for understanding and maintaining a healthy relationship in the Korean HEE curriculum. However, there were differences in online relationships, unsafe relationships, understanding of boundaries with others, inclusiveness of sex education content, the right to deny sex education, and knowledge based on equal rights. Through this study, it is expected that relationship education which is essential for adolescents will be well used through Home Economics Education in Korea Keywords: Home Economics Education Curriculum, Korean youth and comparative analysis The Direction of Home Economics Education Curriculum for Improving Relationship Competency of Korean Youth Jae Young Shim¹ & Saeeun Choi¹ ¹Korea National University of Education Department of Home Economics Education South Korea Corresponding author: [email protected] 61

Abstract: TCommodity and service pricing is important to both sellers and consumers. The purpose of the study is to determine the consumers’ price sensitivity and willingness to pay for a T-shirt influenced by the product attributes and consumer characteristics. This quantitative study used online survey method with stratified sampling and obtained data from 428 respondents in Metro Manila. The survey questionnaire for determining the Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM), Willingness to Pay (WTP), and the product attribute customization was developed and pilot tested before administration. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results showed that the respondents value the product attributes, and the highest value they ascribed to is the economic attribute (high-end brand), next is aesthetic (color), and then the functionality (durability and technology). The respondents are also found to be less price sensitive to both basic and overall customized T-shirt (with additional aesthetic, functionality, and economic attributes). Meanwhile, gender (specifically female respondents), technology feature of odor control (functionality attribute) and mass market brand (economic attribute) were characteristics and attributes that influence the consumer’s willingness to pay. An important finding beneficial to local sellers and entrepreneurs is the range of acceptable prices of the consumers that can be used for pricing strategies and product development. They may create excellent brand image and offer customization for products and services since consumers are willing to pay. Finally, a price sensitivity index is also proposed in this study that can be used in future studies that examine consumer pricing dynamics. Keywords: Consumer characteristics, customization, price sensitivity, pricing, product attributes, price sensitivity formula. Price Sensitivity and Willingness to Pay based on Consumer Characteristics and Product Attributes Helenay Ariola¹, Joanne Bantang² & Johnrob Bantang² ¹University of the Philippines Integrated School ²University of the Philippines Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 62

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: The goal of OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030 is the pursuit of the well-being of individuals and society. The 2022 curriculum in Korea was also revised based on the OECD Education 2030. Home Economics Education (HEE) is a subject aimed at the happiness of individuals and families and is a subject that develops the ability to solve practical problems that occur in changing daily life. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the 2022 revised HEE curriculum in Korea based on the OECD Better Life Index (BLI: residential, income, job, community, education, environment, civic participation, health, life satisfaction, safety, and work-life balance) as the analysis framework. As a result of the preliminary analysis, first, among the 11 Better Life indices, 10 indices excluding income in the middle school HEE curriculum and 11 indices in the high school HEE curriculum were all related. It was confirmed that well-being, the purpose of OECD education, was well reflected in the Korean 2022 HEE curriculum. Second, in the middle school HEE curriculum, the association with the environment among BLIs was the highest, followed by life satisfaction, health, education, and community. In the high school HEE curriculum, life satisfaction among BLIs was the highest related, followed by community, civic participation, health, and safety. In addition, income, occupation, and work-life balance showed relatively low associations. This study will provide implications for the development of new textbooks and the reorganization of teachers' curriculum through the analysis of the educational content related to the OECD Better life index reflected in the 2022 revised HEE curriculum. Keywords: 2022 revised home economics education (HEE) curriculum in korea, OECD better life index(bli), well-being. An Analysis of The Better Life Index (BLI) Of OECD Reflected in the 2022 Revised Home Economics Education Curriculum in Korea Jo, Hyunsub¹, Shim, Jae young¹, Ji, Eun Hye¹ & Choi, Saeeun¹ ¹Korea National University of Education Corresponding author: [email protected] 63

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21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: With the digitization of distribution, Quick-Commerce, an O2O based immediate delivery service, is growing. The purpose of this study is to examine how consumers perceive the benefits and risks of BaeMin B-mart, South Korea's representative Quick-Commerce service, and to identify the influence of each factor on the continuous use intention through perceived usefulness. To this end, an online survey was conducted on adult consumers with experience in using B-mart, and a total of 520 copies of data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 programs. The main results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of confirming the level of consumer awareness of B-mart, among the benefit factors, perceived ease of use was the highest, and perception of monetary benefit was relatively low. Among the risk factors, privacy risk was perceived as the highest, and delivery risk was found to be relatively low. Second, as a result of verifying the hypothesis through structural equation model analysis, the perceived usefulness increased significantly as the monetary benefit increased, and significantly decreased as the quality risk increased. It was found that the continuous use intention significantly increased as the benefit of delivery information quality increased, and significantly decreased as the privacy risk increased. And perceived usefulness was found to have a significant positive effect on continuous use intention. Third, as a result of mediating effect analysis through bootstrapping, it was found that perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, delivery information quality benefit, and monetary benefit had a significant positive effect on the continuous use intention through perceived usefulness. This study investigated the influence of consumers' perceptions of Quick-Commerce on continuous use intention. Through this, it provides practical implications to the related industry and has academic significance in that it expands research related to consumer-oriented Bmart services. Keywords: Quick-commerce, perceived benefit, perceived risk, perceived usefulness, continuous use intention Effects Of Consumers' Perceived Benefits and Risks on Continuous Use Intention of Quick-Commerce Service Platform Ara Choi¹, Sang-hwa Yu¹, Su-Yeon Kim¹ & Hey-Gyoung Koo¹ ¹Chungnam National University Corresponding author: [email protected] 65

Abstract: This study investigates the attitudes and behaviors of university students in China and Japan toward second-hand clothing, including their purchasing experiences and disposal practices. By employing a comparative analysis, the study clarifies the differences in the acceptance of second-hand clothing among the younger generations of China and Japan and draws inspiration for clothing recycling in both countries. From December 2021 through June 2022, we conducted an online survey of students from several universities in China and Japan and compared the results. We found that Japanese students have more experience with second-hand stores than their Chinese counterparts, regardless of store type. This is due to the high cost of second-hand clothing in China, which limits access for many students, and a lack of awareness about second-hand clothing in general. In contrast, Japanese consumers who are willing to buy second-hand clothing are also more likely to recycle their old clothes. Additionally, those in both countries with experience in clothes remaking and redesigning exhibit higher levels of recycling awareness. We found that Chinese students lack sufficient knowledge about environmental issues related to clothing and daily life. Further, Japan has made greater progress in promoting the "3Rs" approach (reduce, reuse, recycle) and implementing environmental policies than China has. To promote the use of second- hand clothing in China, we suggest that second-hand stores expand the range of commodities offered, adjust prices to make them more accessible, and ensure their products’ cleanliness. Spreading accurate information about second-hand clothing stores could also help to increase awareness of the benefits of clothing reuse and recycling. Finally, incorporating educational content and practical activities related to clothing remaking into schools’ curricula could raise public awareness about the importance of clothing recycling and environmental protection. Keywords: Second-hand clothing, reuse, university students Survey On Attitudes and Behaviors of Clothing Reuse among Chinese and Japanese University Students Zhou Yu1¹, Kaori Murakami¹ ¹Hiroshima University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 66

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Recently, due to the Russia-Ukraine war, inflation, rising commodity prices, and a shortage of semiconductors, consumers' interest in second-hand vehicle trading have increased due to the considerable amount of time it takes to purchase and receive a new vehicle. The volume of Second- hand Vehicle transactions have been steadily increasing in South Korea, and in the past three years, the scale of second-hand vehicle transactions has exceeded twice the scale of new vehicle transactions, with an annual volume of 3.6 million units. Traditionally, second-hand transactions were conducted offline. However, recently, online and mobile platforms have expanded the market and introduced various functions and services. In particular, the global spread and prevalence of the coronavirus have increased online and non-face-to-face transactions in many areas of our daily lives, affecting the used vehicles market as well. While offline transactions had previously dominated the used vehicles market, online transactions have increasingly expanded their territory. Therefore, it is important to understand the intention of consumers to use second-hand vehicle trading apps and provide suggestions for the development of a consumer-centered market. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a representative model for exploring the intention to accept new technology and can be considered a suitable model for understanding consumers' continued use intention for second-hand vehicle trading apps, which have recently shown an improvement in usage rates. To identify the variables that influence the continued use intention of second-hand vehicle trading apps, the TAM model was used to examine perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, and continued use intention variables, both directly and indirectly affecting the continued use intention of second-hand vehicle trading apps. Keywords: Second-hand vehicle trading apps Study on the Continued Use Intention of Consumers in Secondhand Vehicle Trading Apps: Application of the Technology Acceptance Model Sang-hwa Yu¹, Ara Choi¹, Su-Yeon Kim¹ & Hey-Gyoung Koo¹ ¹Chungnam National University Corresponding author: [email protected] 67

Abstract: This is a qualitative study that sought to discuss the challenges on food and nutrition, relationships, finances, and time of 20 purposively selected families caring for diabetic and hypertensive family members, identify their coping strategies, and determine the factors affecting their challenges and coping means. Data obtained through in-depth interviews were subjected to thematic analysis. Results show that family caregivers are challenged in providing for their patient’s dietary needs and choices, which they resolve by sourcing alternative food supplies, managing food supplies, and finding a compromise on the quantity and preparation of food. They also found it difficult when having conflicts, distant relationships, and no quality time with the patients, but they address these by exerting more patience and understanding, giving and receiving support from family members, compromising, and establishing a stronger connection with the patient. Family caregivers are also challenged with their limited funds for disease management expenses and financial-related personal concerns. They cope by sourcing funds and reducing expenditures. Lastly, they encounter difficulties in attending to their various responsibilities, spending time for health check-ups, and having time-related personal concerns. They cope by delegating tasks to a family member or a hired helper, communicating with the patients, and resorting to telemedicine services to save time. All these challenges and coping strategies were found to be influenced by the pandemic; caregiver’s skills, qualities, and knowledge; patient’s attitudes and behavior; socio-economic status; healthcare system; and reliable friends and family. With this, family caregivers need social, emotional, and financial support to bolster and sustain the care they provide their ill members. Thus, the government is urged to help alleviate caregiver burden by further strengthening laws that reduce expenses incurred from service beneficiaries, adjusting their healthcare services accordingly, as well as, providing psychosocial and mental health programs that address caregiver burden and wellness. Keywords: Caregiving, Filipino family, COVID-19, diabetes, hypertension, disease management Challenges and Coping Strategies of Family Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Ma. Paula O. Cruz¹ & Mary Justine Clarise A. Trinidad¹ ¹University of the Philippines Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 68

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate how deviance from peer body norms in social media influences social anxiety among Korean early adolescent girls and the moderated mediating effects of self-concept clarity via body dissatisfaction. Grades 7 and 8 girls (N = 493) were asked to complete the questionnaire to assess social anxiety, perceived average body shape of same-sex peers in social media, perceived body shape of self, body dissatisfaction, and self-concept clarity. The data were analyzed using Process Macro version 4.0 (model 4 and 14), with grade BMI as the control variable. The results were as follows. Perceived deviance from peer body norms in social media positively predicted body dissatisfaction (β = 2.09, p < .001), and body dissatisfaction positively predicted social anxiety (β = .25, p < .01). These results indicated that there was a significant indirect effect of perceived peer body norm in media via body dissatisfaction on social anxiety (β = 1.23, 95% CI = [ .69, 1.75]). Further, the moderated mediating effect of self-concept clarity was also significant when self-concept clarity was higher than 29.53 (M = 34.32, SD = 5.80) by the Johnson-Neyman significance. It means that when the self-concept clarity was over 29.53, the higher the self-concept clarity, the stronger the indirect effect of deviance from peer body norms in social media via body dissatisfaction on social anxiety. These findings provide two important implications. First, our result in the mediation effect of body dissatisfaction between deviance from peer body norms in media and social anxiety suggests that it is necessary to help them to identify whether the peer body norm in social media is appropriate or not before internalizing it. Additionally, it could be effective to help early adolescent girls, perceive their body shape as too deviant from peer norms, and not to perceive their body in a distorted way (e.g. body image overdistortion) to prevent or reduce social anxiety. Further, the result of mediated moderating effect of self-concept clarity suggests that it would be needed to help early adolescent girls who are dissatisfied with their body shape and by effects of social media to practice strategies to identify one’s strengths in various aspects, rather than focusing only on their body shapes, to prevent experiencing anxiety in a social situation. Keywords: Early adolescence, peer norm, social media, social anxiety, body dissatisfaction, self- concept clarity Deviance from Peer Body Norm in Social Media and Social Anxiety in Korean Early Adolescent Girls Jeeyeon Hong¹, Hyein Jang¹ & Ju Hee Park¹ ¹Yonsei, University Corresponding author: [email protected] 69

Abstract: Japan became a super-aging society in 2007. The trend is expected to continue going forward. Leading an independent dietary life is important to extend healthy life expectancy. Most studies on the dietary life of elderly people discuss their inaccessibility to foodstuffs or consider them recipients of livelihood support, with few studies focusing on their cooking motions. We have analyzed cooking motions to structurally understand these motions and develop methodologies and tools for supporting sustainable dietary life and household work in the elderly. This report presents the results of analyses that used a time-line annotation method to elucidate the cooking motion structure. The purpose of the study was to clarify the issues and challenges involved in the cooking motions of elderly people by comparing the numbers, types, times, and speeds of motions between generations and gender. In this study, the timeline annotation method used the programming language Python Video Annotator software to give character information to video data and perform motion analysis. The subjects were 20 people in their 20s to 80s (10 men and 10 women). The motion of making miso soup, which is familiar to Japanese people, was analyzed. The scenes in which the subjects were making miso soup were videotaped for analysis. The motion flow of making miso soup, the required time, and the speed of the motion. Comparison between generations and gender was made to discuss challenges specific to the cooking motions of the elderly. Based on the findings, we will propose methodologies for supporting sustainable dietary life and household work in the elderly, and develop support tools. Keywords: Cooking, motion analysis, timeline; elderly people, dietary life support Elucidating the Structure of Cooking Motion using Time-Line Annotation: Comparison between Generations and Gender Sakiko Yamamoto¹, Etsuko Saito¹ & Midori Otake² ¹Ochanomizu Univesity, ²Tokya Gakugei University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 70

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Washoku, the traditional dietary cultures of the Japanese, is designated a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. However, the necessity of cooking washoku at home and the frequency of eating washoku are decreasing. Younger people in particular have less interest in cooking and eating washoku. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of taking cooking classes on cooking skills to prepare washoku among Japanese college students. Surveys were conducted from 2014 to 2021 to investigate the cooking skills of washoku of 446 freshmen (age 18–20) and 409 graduating students (age 19–23) in college and vocational school. They took cooking classes for more than one semester in college or vocational school. Twentythree types of washoku were selected. Cooking skills among freshmen and graduating students were statistically compared by chi- square test and analyzed for the effects of taking cooking classes. Of the surveyed freshmen, an average of 92.7 % were aware of the 23 selected types of washoku. However, on average, 24.9 % could not make them and only 18.5 % were confident in making them. It was found that many students knew washoku but could not make them. On the other hand, an average of 99.6% graduating students knew 23 types of washoku, and 39.6 % were confident about making them. Namely, taking cooking classes increased their knowledge of 22 types of washoku except miso soup (p<0.01) and their confidence of all 23 types washoku (p<0.001). Although all 23 types of washoku were not dealt with in cooking classes and foreign dishes were also made, it is thought that increasing cooking skills led to the ability to make many kinds of dishes. Therefore, it is considered that making many washoku dishes in cooking classes would lead students to eat washoku on a daily basis. Keywords: Japanese traditional meals, cooking skills, cooking classes, college students Changes in Cooking Skills Among College Students to Make Japanese Traditional Dishes (Washoku) Madoka Hirashima¹, Yuka Isobe¹, Mitsuyo Hori² ¹Mie University, Japan ²Gifu Women’s University, Japan Corresponding author: [email protected] 71

Abstract: Katsurao village was forced to evacuate due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake. Although the evacuation order was lifted in June 2016, the return rate has remained at around 30%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between return from evacuation and physical activity, health, and nutritional statuses, and to clarify the characteristics of those who have returned. Among the Katsurao villagers eligible for the 2020 comprehensive health examination, 142 (59 men and 83 women) participated in this study. The survey items included basic attributes (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), number of teeth, and abdominal circumference), statuses of return, physical activity, disease, and nutritional intake, subjective health perspective, and life satisfaction. Questionnaires were used for the survey, and a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire was used to assess the nutritional intake status. For statistical analysis, presence or absence of return, basic attributes, and subjective health perceptions were compared. Next, subjective sense of health was compared with health, physical activity, and nutritional statuses. The mean age of returnees was 67.6±12.4 and 66.9±13.0 years and that of non-returnees was 62.8±18.7 and 64.9±14.7 years for men and women, respectively. Among men, returnees had significantly higher BMI (P<0.001). Among women, returnees were significantly more likely to feel healthy (P<0.02) and satisfied with their lives (P<0.04), significantly less likely to be treated for blood sugar (P<0.05), and had a significantly lower BMI (P<0.01). A significant association was found between the presence or absence of return and subjective health. We would like to further investigate the causal relationship between presence or absence of return to home and higher subjective health. Keywords: Gender differences, return behavior, subjective health, life satisfaction. Gender Differences in Relation to Return Behavior and Subjective Health Views among Katsurao Villagers Teruna Ito¹, Hiroko Kurosawa¹, Chitose Hoshi¹, Michiko Zemp¹, Kazuko Yaginuma¹, Anna Hashimoto¹, Ayaka Nemoto¹, Akari Yoshida¹ & Satoko Okabe¹ ¹Koriyama Women’s University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 72

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In recent years, as house renovations have become increasingly popular, a variety of floor sheets that can be replaced and removed have become available, allowing residents to change the design of the floor surface in accordance with their preference. There are many floor sheets imitating materials such as wood, stone, brick and tile. In the view of this background, we focused on floor sheets that imitate some kinds of materials, and conducted a subjective experiment with the aim of clarifying the effect of the floor pattern on the impression of the room. Prior to the experiment, we made a 1/10 scale model of a family room of which floor design is changeable. Totally, 28 floor patterns were presented in the model, combining seven kinds of floor- patterns in materials and four levels of floor-color in brightness. In the experiment, participants evaluated four evaluation items relating to the texture of the floor surface and ten evaluation items relating to their impression of the room. Also, they rated the preference as an integrated evaluation. According to the results, it was shown that the dark floor-color gave a hard texture regardless and that the bright and whitish floor-color gave a cold impression, regardless of the type of floor material or pattern. It was also shown that the dark floor in wooden grain gave a subdued and elegant impression, while the bright floor in tile grain gave a bright and light impression. Moreover, it was revealed that the more complex the texture of the floor was, the showier and the more luxurious the room looked. Concludingly, the residents themselves can create a more comfortable living space by controlling the pattern and color of the floor. Keywords: Floor pattern, floor color, texture, and impression Effect of Floor Patterns and Color on Preference of Family Room Shino Okuda¹ & Nagisa Yaoi¹ ¹Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts Corresponding author: [email protected] 73

Abstract: Despite Japan having frequent natural disasters, it is said that few people stockpile food in preparation for such cases. The purpose of this study is to clarify the students' awareness and actual situation regarding food stockpiling and to suggest cooked food using the plastic bag in case of disasters. Using a google form, we surveyed 103 university students aged 18 to 23 about food in case of disasters. Indeed, we suggested nine cooked food using domestic stockpiles and heat-resistant high-density polyethylene plastic bags as a cooking method. Over half of respondents stockpiled food in case of disasters. While they were aware of the recommendation for having a seven-day supply, less than 5% stockpiled that much. In addition, over half of the respondents did not know the term ‘rolling stock’, suggesting the need to make this definition public. The cooked food we considered was “tomato curry with mackerel”, “tomato soup”, “chocolate banana steamed bread”, “tuna spaghetti”, “chicken nuggets”, “rice with bean paste and mackerel”, “cut and dried Japanese radish with red perilla” and “cut and dried Japanese radish mixture of tuna and mayonnaise”. Hardly any respondents who live with babies or elder people described that they do not stockpile special foods for the week. As we consider the recipe for the evacuation person requiring support more and more, we can meet the demands for the need of our society. Keywords: Food stockpiling, emergency foods, rolling stock Survey on Actual Situation of Stockpiling and the Examples of Emergency Meals Michie Moriyama¹, Takumi Cho¹, Akiko Hiraiwa¹, Atsuko Yamamoto² & Toshiko Kumazaki² ¹Aichi Gakusen University, ²Aichi Gakusen College Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 74

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In recent years, translations of Japanese household account books (e.g., those on ‘kakeibo’) have been published overseas. In addition to being regarded as a method of managing household finances, they are considered a means of confronting oneself. In Japan, although the percentage of households keeping an account book has declined, the practice is widespread, and booklets are sold at various stores. Although household finances are highly confidential, cooperatives have conducted activities to encourage people to continue to keep a household account book and acquire financial literacy. Among these activities, ‘Alliance to keep a household account book’ was launched in 1946 and continued until 2021 through lifestyle magazines for housewives. The present study investigated participants’ reasons for continuing the activities and their perception of the significance of keeping records. The study sample included 233 participants. Data were collected in 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire and were analysed using SPSS. The questionnaire included items such as reasons for participating in the activity, ideas for continuing the activity and recognition of the effects of household bookkeeping. The number of participants increased to nearly 1,000 in the 1970s but has since declined. More than half of the respondents were aged 70 years or older, and had kept an account book for over 40 years. While approximately 30% of participants used an electronic version of the household account book, 54% of them kept their records by hand. The reason for participating in the activities was a deadline for submitting the monthly settlement. Summary reports not only allow respondents to grasp the contents of their household finances but also make them aware of the existence of their peers, which encourages them to continue registering. The results indicated that bookkeeping makes people aware of their connection with family and society. Differences were found in recognition of bookkeeping effects depending on the bookkeeping period, but no difference was observed among those aged 70 years and above. Keywords: Household account book, group activity to keep a household account book, lifestyle magazine, questionnaire survey Encouraging Household Bookkeeping through Lifestyle Magazines for Housewives Junko Shigekawa¹ ¹Saitama University Corresponding author: [email protected] 75

Abstract: The rise of the new gig economy has provided freelance gig workers with the opportunity to utilize their knowledge, skills, resources, expertise, and time to realize higher self-worth and break away from traditional employment relationships, offering new forms of service provision. In addition to mastering the standardized occupational skills of household services, new gig workers in the field of household services also understand the importance of utilizing the internet for personal branding and providing customized services according to the standards set by employers. Keywords: New gig workers in household services, intelligence, Standardization, Open education Education of "New Part-Time Workers" in Domestic Economics Under the Two- Way Construction of Intelligence and Standards Lu Qi¹ & Zhao Wenxiu¹ ¹Shanghai Open University, Shanghai China Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 76

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Created and consumed since the beginning of life, heritage food can be said to be a matter that is both tangible and intangible. It serves more than just flavours but also culture, customs, politics, and more across all communities. The antiquities embedded within it portray distinct identities to any group of communities that differ from one to another. Malaysia is known for its multi-ethnicity status which undoubtedly has concocted a dynamic food heritage. Four groups of ethnicities exist in Malaysia namely the Malays and Bumiputras, Chinese, Indians, and others, all according to descending population number order. While each ethnic bestowed with a distinct individual food heritage, the amalgamation of other ethnicities’ influences is equally valued as they collectively make up Malaysian heritage food. This had become such an asset to the nation as it benefits the local tourism industry at an international level. Despite the uniqueness and potential, Malaysian heritage food is said to be underwhelming in its reproduction and some are even documented to be endangered for extinction. This may be from hindered knowledge transfer and practice as modernization and globalization set standardization equilibrating the world’s practices both domestically and industrially. Having said that, this paper discusses the gap and discrepancies with regard to persisting the existence of Malaysian heritage food and highlights the possible means to bridge the gap in future research. Keywords: Malaysian heritage food, heritage food, food identity, heritage food production persistence, globalization A Review on the Malaysian Heritage Food Production Persistence Mohd Yusof Kamaruzaman¹, Mohd Nazri Abdul Raji¹ ¹Department of Family and Consumer Science, Faculty of Technical and Vocational, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia corresponding author: [email protected] 77

Abstract: Traditional Japanese dried crackers, called ‘senbei,’ are made from wheat or rice flour and contain sugar and salt, respectively. Generally, consumers from Kansai region prefer wheat crackers, while those from Kanto region prefer rice crackers. The climate in Japan during summer is humid. Therefore, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey of university students across Japan to determine the regional differences in preferences for wheat crackers and whether those containing moisture would be acceptable. The survey was carried out from November 2021 to April 2022 on 2,032 college students, with an average of 300 students from each of the country's six regions. The information obtained included name, eating experiences, cracker moisture acceptance levels, and consumption methods. The survey was conducted via Microsoft Forms or manual filling of forms during classes. The students from Kyushu and Kinki districts were asked to complete a 9-point scale preference test for flour crackers that were exposed to moisture for 0 and 24 h inside of a chamber (75%humidity, 20 ℃, WET110). The ethics review board approved the study. SPSS statistical software was used to analyses the data. Responses were received from 1,987 students (97.7%), and most of them resided in the same regions where they spent their childhood (86%). ‘Kawara-senbei’ was the famous flour cracker (64%). The wheat crackers were used for snacks and meals. Over 60% of the study group consumed the crackers immediately after opening the packaging. ‘Nanbu-senbei’ crackers were used in cracker soups or for soaking in soups. Students who had wheat crackers throughout their childhood accepted the damp crackers (p<0.05%). Differences in preference by districts for dry ‘senbei’ were insignificant in Kyushu and Kinki. However, the preference for moist senbei was higher in Kyushu (p<0.05). Keywords: wheat; cracker; ‘senbei’; preference; questionnaire Questionnaire-Based Survey On The Preference Of Flour Crackers In Japan Focusing On Regional Differences Yoko Tanisawa¹, Kaoru Sakamoto², Yuko Akinaga³ ¹Koshien University ²University of Hyogo ³University of Teacher Education Fukuoka corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 78

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: The limelight of tourism attraction has acknowledged the local cuisine products and its related activities. The food and travel themselves have always been in synergy in the sustenance of the tourism industry. Hence, the global tourism leaders are geared towards capitalizing the local cuisine to strengthen tourism destinations. Such cases are like France and Italy which both are well-known for their local cuisine worldwide. The purpose of this study is to explore how a World Heritage Site at Lenggong Valley in the state of Perak, Malaysia could use its local cuisine to elevate the site as a potential rural tourism destination. Qualitative research design using indepth interviews was conducted with eight local food experts as the main data collection method, and the data is supplemented with participant observations. This study found four strategies to enhance Lenggong’s rural tourism destination through local food which include i) organizing food festivals, ii) marketing local cuisine through commercialization, iii) documenting local cuisine as national heritage food, and iv) publishing recipe books. The information from this study resulted in promising ways of integrating local cuisine into potential tourism activities as a mean to enhance the attraction for rural destinations. Keywords: Traditional cuisine, gastronomy, Lenggong valley, food destination Enhancing Rural Tourism Destination Enhancement through its Local Food: The Case of Lenggong Valley in Perak, Malaysia Mohd Nazri Abdul Raji¹, Mohd Yusof Kamaruzaman¹ ¹Department of Family and Consumer Science, Faculty of Technical and Vocational, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia Corresponding author: [email protected] 79

Abstract: The digital divide paradigm is changing as the ability to actively utilize information becomes more important beyond simple information access and use. The youth generation considered the best group in information activities, has been excluded from the discussion of the digital divide. But now, the youth generation is also subject to a new digital divide. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the digital divide within the youth generation in Korea and to predict the deepening of the digital divide. For this purpose, a research model was established based on the ETV (Expected Value Theory), and the structural relationship between existing information activities and intensified information activities was demonstrated. The data were based on the 2021 digital divide survey conducted annually in Korea. The structural equation model was analyzed using SPPS 26 and AMOS 26. As a result, information and networking activities had a positive effect on performance expectations, value recognition, and social participation activities. In addition, Value recognition positively mediated the relationship between information and networking activities and social participation activities. Today’s digital divide is becoming more sophisticated and complex. Therefore, it is important to understand and prepare for the digital divide phenomenon of the youth generation, which is the main pillar of the economy. Previous studies have focused only on the gap between the information-vulnerable. This study is meaningful in that it structurally identified the frame of the digital divide that may occur in the future through the youth generation. Keywords: Digital divide, youth generation, expected value theory, information activities, and information capability A Study on the Digital Divide of Youth Generation in Korea: Focusing on EVT Seolihn Kim¹ & Hye-Gyoung Koo¹ ¹Department of Consumer Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 80

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Adolescence is a critical period in a person’s development. The importance of family resilience in the aftermath of migration necessitates the use of family resilience-strengthening interventions among immigrant and refugee families with adolescents; however, limited systematic evaluation has been conducted on this topic. This systemic review examines the evidence for the effectiveness of family resilience-strengthening interventions for immigrant and refugee families. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature search on four English databases: EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Elsevier-Science Direct. Nine studies met inclusion for the review. A reasonable conclusion is that family resilience of immigrant and refugee families, particularly family member accord and family communication, can be strengthened by familycentered interventions. Given the limited focus on family resilience’s dimensions, future research is needed to expand the scope to provide a more thorough assessment of the effectiveness of family resiliencestrengthening interventions among immigrant and refugee families. Keywords: Systematic review, family resilience, intervention programs, immigrant and refugee families, adolescents. A Systematic Review of Family Resilience-Strengthening Programs Among Immigrant and Refugee Families with Adolescents Lifen Zhao¹ & Maoye Tian¹ ¹Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China Corresponding author: [email protected] 81

Abstract: This study is to understand what highly educated married migrant women from China with a master's or higher education experience when choosing their children's elementary school and what the meaning of the experience is. Participants in the study were eight married migrant women who had lived in Korea for at least five years, and data were collected through indepth interviews for about one year from December 2021 to December 2022 and conducted as a case study. As a result of the study, similarities between cases were choices considering children's personality education, choices for children's career and advancement, choices for bilingual use of primary fosters and differences between cases were choices based on parents' economic power, choices according to specialized curriculum contents, and school choices according to linkage to higher schools. Based on these results, this paper is meaningful in that this study is expected to be used for drawing up multicultural policies based on the actual experiences and problem consciousness of many Chinese married migrant women in Korean society, and it raised the need for various studies on multinational migrant women and their children. Keywords: Migrant women, in-depth interviews, multicultural policies, elementary school A Qualitative Case Study on Choosing Elementary School for Children of Highly Educated Marriage Migrant Women from China Zheng Qin¹ ¹Department of Home Economics Education, Korea Seoul National University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 82

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Study of young children's knowledge of money and parents' cashless In Japan, there has been no systematic financial education in the early stages of development. Until now, children have learned experientially about the function and role of money through shopping trips with their parents or through playing house. Recently, however, more and more parents are using e-commerce and cashless payment systems, and opportunities for children to directly touch banknotes and coins and select products at stores are decreasing. It is becoming more difficult for children to learn the function and role of money empirically in their daily lives. Therefore, in this study, we propose the following (1) To what extent have children before entering elementary school acquired knowledge about the functions and roles of money according to their developmental stage? (2) there differences in children's knowledge and experience of money depending on their parents' financial behavior and education? The purpose of this study is to clarify these two points. In July 2022, a survey of parents with children aged 3, 4, 5, and 6 years was conducted on money education at home and children's knowledge of money. The survey results showed that 80% of the children understood the exchange function of money (that you cannot buy things without money) at the age of 3, but there were differences by age in understanding "that goods have various prices" and "that there are different types of coins and bills and each has a different value". No relationship was found between children's knowledge of money and their parents' cashless spending at age 3. However, as age increased, the more parents used cashless payment, the higher the children's knowledge of money. In the discussion, the reasons for this will be examined in light of parents' attitudes toward financial education and their awareness of money. Keywords: Cashless, financial education, e-commerce, parents' attitudes Study of Young Children's Knowledge of Money and Parents' Cashless Noriko Kanie¹ ¹Utsunomiya Kyowa University Corresponding author: [email protected] 83

Abstract: As people's interest in online shopping has increased, the e-commerce market has continued to develop, offering new experiences to customers based on advances in internet technology (Joo, Yongwan, & Korea Internet & Security Agency, 2021). This study aims to identify the multidimensional factors that influence impulse buying behavior by subdividing them into online live shopping characteristics, immersion, perceived usefulness, and product type factors. In this study, Chinese people in Korea who use the Naver Live Shopping a lot were selected as research subjects, and an online survey was conducted through WENJUANXING, an online survey site in China. The data collection for this study started on November 19, 2022 and ended on December 1, 2022, and a total of 320 questionnaires was collected in about two weeks, and the data from 313 respondents were analyzed, excluding 7 unfaithful respondents. This study used SPSS Statics 22.0 and AMOS 26.0 to conduct descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis. First, among online live shopping characteristics, informativeness, entertainment, personalization, discounting, and attractiveness have a significant positive effect of immersion. Second, we examine the effect of online live shopping characteristics on perceived usefulness and find that interacts, informativeness, personalization, and discounting have a significant positive effect on perceived usefulness. Third, we examine the effect of immersion on perceived usefulness and impulse buying. Fourth, we tested the relationship between perceived usefulness and impulse purchase propensity and found that perceived usefulness has a significant positive effect on impulse purchase propensity. Therefore, this study confirms that online live shopping characteristics can influence consumers' impulse purchases and has practical significance in that the relationship between them, especially immersion and perceived usefulness, has a significant mediating effect, which can help companies formulate effective promotion plans. Keyword: Online live shopping, immersion, impulsive buying, perceived usefulness, product type The Effect of Online Live Shopping Characteristics on Immersion, Perceived Usefulness, and Impulsive Purchase Xuanyi Jin¹ & Eun Hee Lee¹ ¹Department of Consumer Science, Inha University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 84

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In recent years, issues related to children's diet have increased. To address these issues, dietary education is important for increasing interest in healthy eating habits from childhood. Nutritionists are expected to be able to provide dietary education guidance in addition to food service and hygiene management. However, there is a scarcity of course content and activities that lead to the development of practical ability in dietary education in current nutritionist training courses. Here we examined the effect of experience engaging in practical activities on students’ practical ability in dietary education. In the dietician training course, we set up an elective class called "Practical Seminar for Regional Dietary Education", which allows students to experience practical activities. In class, students learn about planning, implementation, reflection, and improvement in dietary education. Six female students completed a self-administered questionnaire. According to the results, students wanted to interact with children at the actual site and practice hands-on activities. This provided an opportunity to think about feelings through actual relationships. By learning how to communicate with children and perceiving their reactions, they tried to improve the next lesson plan. Through practical activities, students could understand their own strengths and weaknesses. In addition, students felt that the practical activities were a good opportunity that helped them in choosing their career path. To nurture students' practical ability in dietary education, it is considered important for students to become aware of the need for practical ability by themselves. It was also suggested that students could develop their own abilities through the accumulation of trial and error in practical activities. Keywords: dietary education; practical activities; practical ability; childhood Developing The Practical Ability of Students in Dietary Education: Practical Activities Yuriko Haito¹, Mari Toyooka¹ & Mayumi Nakahira¹ ¹Department of Life Science, Shiga Junior College Corresponding author: [email protected] 85

Abstract: This study aims to understand how the social network and quality of life of the middle-aged and older adults change over time. Specifically, the research examined whether the social network of middle-aged individuals persists until old age and the influence of the social network established during middle age on the quality of life of the elderly after transitioning to old age from a longitudinal perspective. The Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) provided the data for the study, with analysis conducted using data from 2010 and 2018. The findings indicate that trust in the government, which represents the official component of the social network, increased in 2018 compared to 2010, though no significant differences were observed. Among the informal aspects of the social network, spouse relationship satisfaction and the number of meetings with close individuals decreased considerably. Through panel regression analysis, it was determined that the official network and primary informal network (i.e., spouse and children), excluding the number of meetings with close individuals and the secondary informal network, had a significant impact on life satisfaction. These research outcomes underline the importance of government policy and family support in enhancing life satisfaction during old age. Also, the results are expected to contribute to the accumulation of fundamental knowledge in the area of human development within the field of home economics. Keywords: Social network, KLoSA, middle-aged, older adults, quality of life The Changes in Social Networks and Quality of Life in MiddleAged and Older Adults Seoyeon Lee¹ ¹Department of Home Economics Education, Chonnam National University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 86

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Despite Japan having frequent natural disasters, it is said that few people stockpile food in preparation for such cases. The purpose of this study is to clarify the students' awareness and actual situation regarding food stockpiling and to suggest meals using plastic bags in case of disasters. Using Google Forms, we surveyed 103 university students aged 18 to 23 about meals in case of disasters. Indeed, we suggested nine meals using emergency rations and heat-resistant high-density polyethylene plastic bags. Over half of respondents stockpiled food in case of disasters. The most common answer to the image of emergency rations and meals was “I am relieved when I have them”, however, the second one was “they should be bad taste”. While they were aware of the recommendation for having a seven-day supply, less than 5% stockpiled that much. In addition, over half of the respondents did not know the term ‘rolling stock’, suggesting the need to make this definition public. Following the results, the emergency meals we considered were “tomato curry with mackerel”, “tomato soup”, “chocolate banana steamed bread”, “tuna spaghetti”, “chicken nuggets”, “rice with miso (bean paste), and mackerel”, “cut and dried Japanese radish with red perilla”, “cut and dried Japanese radish mixture of tuna and mayonnaise” and “orange jelly”. Hardly any respondents who live with infants or elder people described that they do not stockpile emergency rations and meals for the week. As we consider the recipe for the evacuation person requiring support more and more, we can meet the demand of our society. Keywords: Emergency Meals, students' awareness, food stockpiling, Google Forms Survey on Actual Situation of Stockpiling and The Examples of Emergency Meals Michie Moriyama¹, Takumi Cho¹, Akiko Hiraiwa¹, Atsuko Yamamoto² & Toshiko Kumazaki² ¹Aichi Gakusen University ²Aichi Gakusen College Corresponding author: [email protected] 87

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine necessary educational issues by analyzing people's comments on teen fashion shopping videos. Among the YouTube content after January 2020, when COVID-19 became an issue, keywords of “teen fashion shopping” were searched in order of views, and 712 comments of the top 30 videos with the most comments among the exposed videos were analyzed. For data analysis, keyword frequency analysis, network centrality analysis, connection centrality analysis, mediation centrality analysis, and connection centrality clustering were performed using the Net Minor 4.0 program, and emotional analysis was conducted using the Textome program. The results are as follows: First, as a result of network centrality analysis of comment responses of teen fashion shopping content, it was found that the keywords 'pretty', 'clothes like that', 'well-dressed', 'mature', and 'iljin style' had high connection centrality and mediation centrality. Second, as a result of clustering the responses to comments on teen fashion shopping content, it was divided into four groups: 'appearance-based evaluation', 'fashion coordination-based evaluation', 'positive evaluation based on age', and 'negative evaluation based on age'. Through these keywords and clusters, it was found that teenagers' fashion shopping should consider not only appearance and fashion coordination but also clothing selection based on positive and negative feelings about dressing. Third, as a result of emotional analysis of the response to comments on teen fashion shopping content, 63.93% of the response to positive comments and 36.07% to negative keywords were calculated. Positive emotions were higher than negative emotions, but since negative emotions are not small, it is necessary to supplement education. Keywords: Teen fashion shopping, text mining, network analysis, emotional analysis, YouTube Analysis of Teen Fashion Shopping Youtube Comments Using Text Mining Seohee Son¹ & Eunhah Wee¹ ¹Department of Home-Economics Education Chonnam National University. Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 88

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: This study derives a semantic network between keywords related to the diet of adolescents before and after COVID-19 and analyzes changes in interest and awareness of adolescent diet. A text mining technique was used, and a big data analysis solution program, Textome, was used. The survey period was set from January 19, 2018, to January 18, 2020, as the preCOVID-19 period, and from January 19, 2020, to January 18, 2022, as the postCOVID-19 period. The results of changes in adolescents' interest in and awareness of dietary life before and after COVID-19 are as follows. First, The keywords of 'breakfast' and 'food' before COVID-19 were changed to 'morning' and 'groceries' respectively after COVID-19, and the keyword 'obesity' appeared in high rankings regardless of COVID-19, but after 19, the keyword of 'physical activity' appeared for the first time. Second, it was confirmed that the closeness and importance of nutrition and education are high in the diet of adolescents regardless of COVID-19. Prior to COVID-19, the linkage and importance between diet, breakfast, and obesity in adolescents were high, and after COVID-19, the linkage and importance between skin-related keywords became more prominent. Third, interest in and awareness of 'breakfast' was high before COVID-19, and COVID-19 Since then, interest in and awareness of 'physical activity' have emerged. Keywords: COVID-19, before and after, text mining, adolescent, dietary life A Study on Changes in Adolescent Dietary Life Before and After COVID-19 Using Text Mining Sang-Mi Oh¹ & Lan-Hee Jung² ¹Samho middle school, Yeongam, Korea ²Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea Corresponding author: [email protected] 89

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to research the consumer's behavior for apparel products in the multichannel environment. The consumer purchasing behavior has become complex in the multichannel environment, which includes physical stores and online stores. On the other hand, the apparel retailers develop a new channel format, called “omnichannel”, which merges various channels including physical stores and online stores, in order to adapt to the complex behavior. The information presented by the salesperson through the physical store and social networking service (SNS) should be one of the most important factors for the customer value. Using a sample of 840 responses divided on three groups. Data were obtained via a web-based survey to investigate the consumer’s search information activities and the purchasing behavior for apparel products in the multichannel environment. The empirical investigation shows the information provided by SNS, for the consumers purchasing in the physical store and online store, is likely to have an influence on the reduction of their perceived risk and contribute to their purchasing of apparel products. Furthermore, the information presented by the salesperson through SNS is likely to have an influence on purchasing satisfaction. It suggests the implication for the marketing of apparel retailers and a direction for future research. Keywords: Social networking service (SNS), purchasing behavior, webbased survey A Study of Consumer Behavior for Apparel Products in The Multichannel Environment: Influence by Information Provided by Salespersons through SNS Ken Yoshii¹ ¹Department of Clothing and Textiles, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women’s University, Japan Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 90

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: More than 80% of Japanese people have been accustomed to the traditional events and special meals for New Year when families and relatives come together in their hometown. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social gathering to eat together was prohibited in Japan. This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on New Year traditions related to meals and activities in Japan by comparing the results of the 2023 questionnaire-based survey (N = 2584) with that of 2017 (N = 1665) and 2020 surveys (N = 1605). An online survey was conducted between January 3 and 31, 2023. Participants were 1633 males and 949 females aged between 18 and 89 years. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Findings revealed that the contents of the traditional New Year’s events and meals, namely: toshikoshi soba, zoni, and osechi dishes, tended to be almost the same. However, their implementation and intake rates declined. About half of the participants mentioned that there was no change in New Year’s traditions owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. The remaining half simplified the traditional events and meals, refrained from meeting relatives, and staggered the timing of hatsumode (the Japanese tradition of visiting a shrine or temple in the new year). In contrast, a few carried out traditional events more carefully to avoid unnecessary outings and spend more time at home. Many young adults and people over the age of 70 years emphasized the importance of meeting family and relatives on New Year’s Day due to the pandemic. Triggered by this pandemic, more than 70% of those who started holding Japanese New Year’s events responded that they would continue to do so, and more than 50% of those who simplified the holiday activities said that they would resume the events after the pandemic ended. Keywords: New Year’s events, New Year’s food, impact of COVID-19, Japan, questionnaire survey. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Traditional New Year’s Events and Food in Japan Yuka Utsunomiya¹, Hiroko Nakazawa², Masayuki Ioki³, Hiroko Seo⁴, Ayako Ehara⁵ & Hiroko Okubo⁶ ¹Gakushuin Women’s College ²The University of Nagano ³Cookpad Inc. ⁴Otsuma Women’s University ⁵Ex Jissen Women’s University Corresponding author: [email protected] 91

Abstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious health problem that affects about one in three women and girls worldwide. For IPV survivors of Asian backgrounds, disclosing IPV is considered culturally shameful, and thus, may be less willing to seek help in general especially if they are also immigrants in a foreign country facing language and cultural barriers. IPV survivors were even more isolated when a global pandemic hit the U.S. in March 2020. At the same time, a surge in anti-Asian hate crimes and xenophobia was reported, whereby Asians were disproportionately targeted for physical violence. To our knowledge, no research has explored how antiAsian rhetoric may have impacted Asian IPV survivors’ decisions to seek help. Thus, this study aims to understand how Asian/American survivors navigate help seeking for IPV during a time when they faced both internal and external threats during the pandemic in the U.S. To explore this question, we conducted Zoom interviews with 11 Asian/American survivors who left or tried to leave a violent relationship at any time since March 2020. Our semi-structured dialogue-based approach places women as central in the narrative and allows them to be collaborators in open and honest discourse about their experiences. Our preliminary analysis revealed that COVID-19 influenced IPV survivors in various ways. For some, the pandemic was the opportunity to leave and protect themselves from their abusive partners whereas others experienced greater social isolation and suffering. For most interviewees, the pandemic put them into a position to rethink the state of their relationships. Other factors included women’s immigration status and familiarity with the U.S. legal system. Very few reported experiences of anti-Asian hate incidents, yet this social context significantly impacted their own IPV relationships and help seeking processes. Keywords: Anti-Asian hate, Asian/American, COVID-19, intimate partner violence, qualitative methods. COVID-19 and the Experiences of Helpseeking for Intimate Partner Violence Among Asian Women Survivors Lyndal Khaw¹, Soyoung Lee¹, Donna Meeker-O’Rourke¹, Sophia Abjuga² & Maya Autret¹ ¹Montclair State University, USA ²New York University INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 92

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: To understand the characteristics of the need for elderly care services in urban and rural areas, the evaluation of service quality, and the impact on well-being, and to improve the home community elderly care service system in urban and rural areas. A survey was conducted on 1198 elderly people in Zhejiang Province’s “Future Community” and “Future Countryside” using an interview-style questionnaire. The need for elderly care services in urban and rural areas is different, with rural elderly people having higher levels of demand for life care services, spiritual comfort services, and medical care services than urban elderly people. The quality of elderly care services in urban and rural areas is uneven, lacking standards, with low quality and weak level of rural elderly care services. The reliability (B=0.189, P<0.05) and assurance (B=0.170, P<0.05) of elderly care services in urban areas have a positive impact on the well-being of the elderly, while the reliability (B=0.110, P<0.05), assurance (B=0.137, P<0.05), and tangibility (B=0.210, P<0.01) of elderly care services in rural areas all have a positive impact on the well-being of the elderly. Strengthen digital empowerment to bridge the gap between supply and demand; accelerate the construction of standards to regulate service provision; and strengthen collaborative governance to improve the well-being of the elderly.” Keywords: Urban and rural elderly; elderly care services; need characteristics; service quality evaluation; well-being. Urban And Rural Elderly's Needs for Elderly Services, Quality Evaluation and Its Impact on Well-Being Wang Qun Long¹ & Cheng Qiuping¹ ¹Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China Corresponding author: [email protected] 93

Abstract: The acceleration of population aging and the increase in internal migration have brought more challenges to the health of the floating elderly population in contemporary China. Based on the dataset of CMDS in 2018, this paper analyzes the impact of community health education on the subjective and objective health status of the floating elderly population. Through the Logistic Regression models and Coarsened Exact Matching to evaluate the causal relationship, it is shown that health education on occupational disease prevention, infectious disease prevention, and mental health significantly improves the health level of the floating elderly population. Meanwhile, health knowledge lectures have the most noticeable effect on improving personal health status. These findings provide a new perspective of community health education for understanding the impact of migration on the health of the floating elderly population. In the end, family-based health education should be employed in the health education system in contemporary China. Keywords: Health education, the floating elderly population, community, coarsened exact matching. Who Gets What and How? Community Health Education among the Health of the Floating Elderly Population in China Jin Hui¹, Xia Qing¹ & Shintaro Murata² ¹School of Economics and Social Welfare, Zhejiang Shuren University, 310015, China ² College of International Culture and Social Development, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, China Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 94

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In view that the community-based elderly care service system is the subject of inclusive elderly care, this paper focuses on solving the contradiction between the "supply and demand" of the community-based elderly care system by the innovation of its organizational model based on the deep integration of multiple business patterns. The paper discusses the main characteristics and causes of the supply and demand matching of the community-based elderly care system, and reveals, from the perspective of stakeholders and spatial production and by analyzing the case of Zhejiang future community practice, an organizational model of the hub structure of the community-based elderly care system, which takes the overall planning capacity, digital and intelligent transformation, and living style of the community operation as sustainable competitive advantages to meet the demand and supply matching requirements of the community-based elderly care system. The operating subject of its core hub organization has the characteristics of both market and public attributes, which has become another important perspective of the organizational model innovation. Keywords: Future community, community-based elderly care service, community governance, organizational model. Research on the Future Community-Based Elderly Care Service System Based on the Organizational Model Innovation Zhu Hongying¹, Chen Chuiwei² & Sun Di³ ¹Institute of Modern Services, ZJSRU, Hangzhou, Zhejiang ²College of International Culture and Social Development ³Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Corresponding author: [email protected] 95

Abstract: Researchers have found that people's original anxiety does not disappear but becomes more and more with growth of age. How does that happen? It depends on the parenting mode when they were babies. Caregivers can reconcile anxiety with love and scientific skills, which is responsive care. If a baby is raised with high-quality care, it imbibes a good object and begins to develop loving functions, including trust, security, gratitude, generosity, compassion, and other good qualities. If a baby experiences a feeling of defeat and is not taken care of properly, it will internalize a bad object, which is full of aggression, hostility, destruction, and other traits that are dominated by hatred. And all of these will influence the baby’s view and experience in the future life, which will build their quality of life. Parents must know the scientific care style and the importance of responsive care. Parents are busier and busier toward the new wave of the industrial revolution, and there are more and more problems with children’s growth. With the development of home economics education and service in China, we are focusing more on family guidance on responsive care. However, learning how to provide responsive care is not easy for many caregivers because it has something related to many elements, such as the level of personality health, the support they can get, the resources that the government provides, etc. In this paper, I will discuss the significance, challenges, and possibilities when family guidance is done, and the strategies and implementation ways based on research and the policies made by the government in recent years. Keywords: Responsive care, life quality of infants, parenting guidance. Responsive Care and Future Life Quality of Infants - Perspectives for Parenting Guidance Yanhong Gao¹ & Chunhui Li¹ ¹College of Home Economics Hebei Normal University, China Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 96

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: In this current era of globalisation, various sorts of traditional foods have been imported, invented, and commercialised. The use of modernism in traditional foods is becoming increasingly popular. There must be a reason for this to happen. The objective of the study is to explore why local Kelantan sellers choose to modernise they product. This quantitative research involves 300 local food vendors in Kelantan. The convenience sampling technique was utilised. Data was collected quantitatively utilising an online questionnaire. The assumptions of the study were examined using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The data was analysed using descriptive, frequency, reliability, and correlation statistics. The findings indicate that the majority of Kelantan food vendors intend to employ modernisation in their products. Based on the findings, Kelantan sellers decided to modernise their products in order to assist them in preparing food, commercialising it, and preparing it in a speedier manner by employing time-saving components. Keywords: Food preparation, commercialization, and time-saving ingredients Modernization of Traditional Food: Do Vendors adapt the Changes? Mashitah Ramli¹ & Rahimah Jamaluddin² ¹,²Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia Corresponding author:[email protected] 97

Abstract: The food environment has drastically changed in recent years, and children's eating habits have changed accordingly. It is generally considered that parents are greatly involved in their children's diet. This study examined the current status of the food environment for preschool children. A survey was conducted with 3345 guardians of children 3-6year old in public and private daycare centers (25% of city nursery schools, a total of 54 nurseries) in the metropolitan area of X City, from November to December 2019. An anonymous self-reported questionnaire was administered to the participants and 1830 responses were collected (effective response rate = 54.7%). Two more years later, a survey was conducted with 3095 guardians of children 3-6year old in public and private daycare centers in the metropolitan area of Y City, from to June 2021. Similarly, 2306 responses were collected (effective response rate = 74.5%) The questionnaire included the following Items related to food. We cross-tabulated the responses with the parents’ attributes (marital relationship, age, household income, employment status, and educational attainment). Regarding the frequency of eating breakfast, (X:92.1%, Y:91.1%) of the children ate breakfast every day, and (X:54.3%, Y:46.4%) of the children ate breakfast with their guardians. Regarding the kind of food that children eat at home, (X:45%, Y:38.1%) ate vegetables at every meal, (X:51.5%, Y:53.9%) ate proteins such as meat, fish, and eggs at every meal, and (X:32.4%, Y:30.6%) consumed milk and dairy products at every meal. In addition, (X:11.6%, Y:6.9%) and (X:2.8%, Y:6%) of them ate bread and snacks at every meal, respectively. This data was cross-tabulated with parents' attributes such as educational background, annual income, and degree of fatigue. The findings of this study can be used as a basic material for dietary education of children and their parents. This work was supported by KAKENHI (JP20K02399). Keywords: dietary education; pre-school children; SPSS; questionnaire survey Dietary and Eating Environment of Preschoolers by Parental Attributes Hibi Kyoko¹, Iwasaki Kaori² & Terasaki Satomi³ ¹Mejiro University ²Tokyo Kasei University ³Hosei University Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 98

21 ARAHE BIENNIAL INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ST Abstract: Given the increase in criminal cases among school students, this study explored the teachers’ understanding of family values and their applicability in home science education. This qualitative study was executed through semi-structured interviews that involved secondary school teachers in the districts of Muallim, Perak, and Kota Kinabalu, Sabah who taught Home Science for more than five years. The collected interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis and confirmed three underlying themes to the importance of family values: teacher’s attitude (i.e. self-appreciation, caring), implementation of family values (i.e. student’s behavior, appreciation, teamwork), and good habit in the family institution (i.e. positive attitude, trust). The findings provide a foundation for family values implementation at school and as a subject in home science education. In fact, family values are believed to have been built from a system that unites the members of the family institution. Theoretically, the identified themes enable the study to verify the applicability of family values in home science education. Practically, this study provides managerial guidelines for teachers and the education system to better implement teaching and learning on family values, especially for school students. Keywords: Home science education, family values, qualitative study, thematic analysis The Importance of Family Values in Home Science Education Muhd Taqiyudin Tajudin¹, Zahidah Ab Latif¹* ¹Department of Family and Consumer Science, 35900 Tanjong Malim Perak, Malaysia, Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris *Corresponding author: [email protected] 99

Abstract: Authentic food portrays a strong cultural element as food depicts national or regional specialties and represents unique and authentic features in destinations. Authentic food can motivate tourists and increase satisfaction with their travels. While local food in festivals can provide authentic and memorable experiences and attachment to a particular place, little attention was given comparing the perceptions of authentic food, experience economy, and place attachment in a holistic approach among generations X and Z. An online survey was executed to attendees that have visited food festival in Malaysia, particularly Klang Valley; a total of 384 responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and IBM SPSS Amos. The findings exhibit that the initial model proposed in the study was partially supported where perceived authentic food significantly predicted experience and place attachment. However, there was no significant difference in perceived authentic food between generations X (45 to 56 years) and Z (18 to 23 years) towards experience and place attachment (t = -1.449, df =382, p>0.05). The findings contribute to expanding the literature on the role of authenticity among different ages of festival attendees in the context of tourism and to helping festival organizers to promote authenticity in food to build strong place attachment through positive experiences. Keywords: Food authenticity, perceptions, generation X, generation Z Food Authenticity: Comparative Study on the Perceptions between Generations X and Z Nur Amirah Diyana Yahya¹, Zahidah Ab Latif¹*, Asilah Abdul Mutalib², Zalina Ismail² ¹Department of Family and Consumer Science, 35900 Tanjong Malim Perak, Malaysia, Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris ²Department of Agricultural Science, 35900 Tanjong Malim Perak, Malaysia, Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris *Corresponding author: [email protected] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 21 ST ARAHE BIENNIAL 100