2018-2019 ِ1ِ⏠11 튀ै1 ै1 콠ै11
sِ111 튀ैƳ11 콠1
uli uै
osio 晦䁑
㔳爠 Ύ || o 䁑 5䁑
ulim m䉵牡i uli uै ै l m ै
s ِ 䁕ै1 1 H튀ै ِ 1Ɲ1
ِƳ ै1 Ɨ 1Ɲ ै1 튀
HƝ ⏠1 ِै 11 ै ِs ِĉ1
11 튀 Ɲ
䁕 ِ ĉ ِ ﺗ 튀sﺗ Ɲ1 Ɲ⏠11 ƝH 1 콠
ǐِ 11 sH1 ﺗH 콠ै11 ĉ ِs1
ِ 01콠 ِै11 ⏠11 1
1 Dream it, do it
ِ HHƿ1 Social media ِ 1 11 ِ1
1Ď 11 1 11 1 1ِैH11
튀s11 콠 튀ĉH11 Ɲ ِ Destroying natural habitats Ɲ 1 Ɲ ै1 1ِै 11
s
s 1 Ɲ ै 콠 1 11 ِĉ ⏠ﺗ 퀀 11 튀 ƝƳ11 ै 11
튀ै1 DIY
⏠H11 ै11
Ɲ H11 튀 s
DžƝĉ11 튀ै11 䁕ِै 11
ِ 1
ै1
1Ɲै ِै
콠 11 1 1Ɲ s ﺗ H1 콠ﺗ
HƝ ⏠1 콠 퀀 ِ Ɲ 튀 1
1Ɲ
Ɲै ِ ِﺗ
콠 s11 튀ै 11 콠 ै ِ
⏠ 1 콠ै ƞ H 11 1ِ⏠11
Ɲ ِ ِ
튀ै 11 H ِƳ 11
1ƞ ِ 1 ⏠ 1 콠ै ِ ِﺗ
Ɲ⏠11 ƝH 1 콠 ِै 11 ै ِs ِĉ1 H튀ै ِ 1Ɲ1
Ɨِ Ɲ1 콠 1 Ɲ 䁕 Ɲ1ِ 퀀
Ɲ 1 Ɲ ै1 1ِै 11 ِ 1 11 ِ1 ِै11 ⏠11 1
콠 1 1 ِs Dž 콠 1
DžƝĉ11 튀ै11 䁕ِै 11 ⏠H11 ै11 퀀 11 튀 ƝƳ11 ै 11
1ِ ƞ 1ِ ै11 ƿDž
1Ɲै ِै ै1 ِ 1
콠11 1ِs Ɲ ِ 1 콠 1ِ
튀 Ɲ 1Ɲ ै1 튀 ِ 䁕ै1 1
콠 1 Ɨ퀀 ِ 䁕Ɲ ِ
Dream it, do it ِ 01콠 튀sﺗ Ɲ1
Ɲِ 콠 Ɲ1 콠 콠ै
DIY 콠 1 11 ِĉ ⏠ﺗ Destroying natural habitats
콠 Ď1 Ɲ ِ 콠ै1 Ɨِ 콠
ِƳ ै1 Ɨ s Ɲ H11 튀 s
콠ै1 H Ɲै 콠튀11
ǐِ 11 sH1 ﺗH 䁕 ِ ĉ ِ ﺗ 11
콠1ِ Ɲ1 콠 퀀 콠 1 1Ɲ ƞ11 Ɨِ
1Ď 11 1 11 1 1ِैH11 ِ HHƿ1 1
11 1Ɲ 11 s Ƴِ ِ
s 1 Ɲ ै s 튀s11 콠 튀ĉH11 Ɲ ِ
r ll m l
1 1 ِ 1 ِ 11 11 1 ƝH H ِ 1䁕ِ1
ِ ĉ튀ै ﺗ콠ĉ 11 ِ1 ِ1 1 H ै1 ِ H Ɲै
ِ 튀H 콠 ﺗƿ ِ 콠 Ɲ ƿ ِ 콠1
1 콠 Ɲ ِƳ1 s11 ِ Ɲ ِƳ1 ﺗ
H ِ 튀 Ɲ1ِ 1H Ɲ ِƳ1 콠 11
1 ِ 1 콠 1 11 1 퀀1 ِ 1 H튀ै ِ H ِ ِै
Ɲ H H H 1 ै튀 11 퀀 11
Ɲै ﺗ콠 ِ HH 1 s ﺗ1 ِ ै1 ƝH 1
ِ ِ H11 s ِﺗ튀ै1 H1 1 ِ1 튀 H 1콠 ِ 1 튀 1 ِ 콠1
ِ ِ 1 ِ 1 ِ 튀 ِ s튀 ِ 1ِƗ H11 1 ِ 11 11 ِै1 ِ ِ 튀ैﺗ
sِ 11 튀 1 1콠ै 튀 ِ 11 ِ H H ِ 11 Ɨ 11 ِ 1 1
튀ैै ِ1ِ⏠11 ƿDž Ɲ Ɲ1 ﺗ튀ैै ِ 1 ƿ ِ sِ 튀 Ɲ1Ƴ ِ ै1 H
1ِै11 Ɲ 1 ِ ِHH 튀 ِ 1ِ ै Ɲ ै1 튀 ِ 1 ِ1 튀ैƳ11 1 콠튀1 ِﺗ Ɲ1 ﺗ
튀ैƳ11 콠1 ِै Ɲ ِ 튀 H
2 ै 콠11 -
汯 l ,i uim l
ِ1ِƗ ै 튀 ِ 1 1 ِ H ﺗ ِ Ɲ ⏠H1 ِHs11 1 1 ै ﺗ1 ِ 콠1 11 퀀
콠 HƝ ⏠1 ِH ै1 콠 11 Ɲ 콠 ِ ĉH11 111 ِ111 1 튀 11 튀sH ِ 콠 11
ِĉ튀11 1 ِ1 1 1爀 ƿ ِsH11 1 Ɲ 111 튀 ِ ِ
ĉĉ 콠ĉ1 1ِ ِ11 튀ैƳ11 콠 1 튀ै ِ 튀H ِ H- ِ ِƗِ ﺗ1 ِ 튀111 Ɲ H 콠 ِ 1콠 -
1 Ƴ1 1 ِ Ɲ ै ै11 ِ H ƿ1 ِ ِै 1 11 ِ ِै 11 튀H 튀ैƳ11
ِ 콠 ِै 11 튀 1Ɲ H Ɲ1H ِ ِ ﺗ퀀 ⏠ै ِ ﺗ11
ِ ِ ِ ै1ِs1
ِ Ɲ ِ 콠1 ैै ﺗ1 콠 ƿ 콠 1콠11
Ɲ Hs 11 ै ِH 11 콠 ै11 ِ ِै 1 1 ِ 1 1 11 11
H ﺗ ⏠1H1ِ 콠 ﺗĉ튀H1 Ɲ 1 Ɲ ⏠H11 ĉH11 ِ 11 ǐِĉ 1 11 爀 s ِ ِ 콠 HِH1ِ
ِ s 콠 ै ِ Ɲ 1 11 ै ﺗ1 ƿ 1 1 Ɲ ⏠H1ِ 콠1 ِ ै ِH ِ 1ِ ِै 콠1 튀 ِ ِ ِै
튀⏠11 ِ 콠 11 ै ﺗH11 1 111 ै1 ै1 ै1
ِ 퀀Ɨ 1 콠 ĉs ِ Ɲ ﺗ
튀 1 ِ 1 ƝH ِ -
ĉ 콠 Hैﺗƿ ِ 11 콠 11
H11 1 111 튀 1 11 튀
1 111 1 ِ ैﺗ
1 Ɲ 튀ै 11 ِ
튀ै1 Ɲ ﺗH ِ 11 튀ै 11
1콠ै 11
튀 ƝHै 11 ِ 11 튀ै 11
Ɲ ⏠ ﺗ1 튀ै 11 ƝैƳ 1 1ِ
ƿ 콠 1ِ ِ 튀ै1 H1ِ
ِ1 튀ै 11 ِ⏠ 튀 ĉ Ɲ Hĉﺗ
1ِ⏠11 ِ1 튀ै1 ĉs ِ ﺗ튀
튀 ĉ1ِ Ɲ1콠H ﺗƿ 1ै1 1 ِ 튀
1 ِ 튀ैH11 Ɲ 11 11
ǐ 1콠 11 콠1 튀 콠
튀ै 11
s 튀⏠11 1 튀1ِै ﺗ 1콠 11 ِै11 1 ĉH ِ 콠1 1 1 ِै 11 ِ 콠 ﺗ콠ै -
1 ĉ튀1 1ِ11 1ِƗ 1 ِ 1 ĉ ﺗH11 1 1Ɲ 11 ِ1 ِ1ِ⏠11 튀 ĉ ﺗ1Dž
1 튀 ِ 1 ƝH 1
ِ1ِ⏠11 ِ1 튀ै 11 1 ِ ِH 1 H 1ǁ1 11 ĉ Ɲ⏠11 콠 콠 H1 1䁕 11 ِ Hै H11 1 ĉ11 ِ
1 ै ِ 11 ِ 콠H11 1 11 ĉ Ɲ⏠ 11 퀀11 1 1Ɲ H 퀀11 콠 1 ِ
Ɲ H11 ĉ 콠 ِ⏠ ै1 ِ H11 ِ 1 ƿ ِ Ɲ ै ĉ 튀 1ِ⏠11 콠ैH ﺗ1 ِ 1ِƗ
콠 튀s11 ƿ 1 1Ɲ H ﺗ ै ĉ1 ِ 콠 ِ H11 Ɲ ِ ِ ﺗ 콠 11 爀 ِ H11 Ɲ ِ 1 튀 1 1
H1ِ1
1 ِِ ِHH11 ِ 1 ƿ H11 1 ै11 콠 - 1Ƴ 퀀⏠11 ِ H 1 ِ1-
ِ ِ1 콠 11 ِ ĉ ﺗH11 ⏠Ƴ ै1 ِĉ튀11 s 111 ǐ 콠11 튀 ِ
퀀⏠11 튀 튀 1Ɲ ِ ﺗ1 1ﺗ 튀 ै11 콠 Ɲ⏠ ƝHै
11 콠 11 Ɲ ै1 1Ďs11 ै ĉ 1ِ 튀1Ƴ 11 1 튀ैH11
ƞ ƞै ﺗ ِ H 튀s11 ै ƞ ƞैH1 1 콠 11 ِĉ 11 Ďﺗ ِ 퀀 1 H
ै ِै ﺗHƳ11 1 11 ै ﺗ 11 ِ 11 ِ ै1 튀ैH11 콠ِ ﺗ 콠
ِ H ِ ﺗ1 ِ1ِ⏠11 ĉ ĉs ِ ِ1111 H1 ƿِै 11
퀀⏠11 ैैِ ﺗ1H ƿ1 Hै 11 ِ Ɲ1 ِ111 1 ِ ƞ11 ِ Dž ƝH s 111 ǐ 콠11
1Ɲ1 ƿ1 튀 ِ1ِ⏠11 ैƳ ﺗ 콠1 Ɲ H ﺗH11 ै 11 Ɲ ِ HैH1 ِ 1 콠 11 튀 Ɲ1 爀 튀ैH11
ِै11 1 H 11 콠 11 ِ 1콠ĉ ﺗH11 ƞ 1 11 ⏠Ƴ ै1 튀ﺗ ǐ 콠11 ِ H튀 ِ ﺗH s
1 콠 1 ِ1 H 튀 ِ H1ِƗ Ɲ1 ै 11 H 콠ĉ 11 튀ै 11 s 111
ƞ H 11 1ِ⏠튀1 ƞ ِ 콠 퀀 ِ1ِ⏠11 ِ 1 튀ैH 콠 s 111 ǐ 콠1ِ s 1
콠 H H1ِ ⏠Ƴ ै1 H ِƳ 11 ِƗِ 1 s Ɲ H ِ H 튀 Ɲ1 1Ɲ H ِ 튀ै 11 1 ै
11 1 콠11 H 11 11 ⏠ै ﺗ1 Ɲ1 콠 ﺗƿ Hै 11
ǐ 콠튀1 ƞ 11 퀀 콠H튀1 튀ै 튀1
ǐ 콠11 ِ ِ H s 111
콠 11 ِﺗ1ِ⏠1 ِ ﺗƝ 튀H- 1 콠 ﺗĉ튀H1 ĉ튀 s 111
Ɲĉ11 ĉHs 11 콠 튀1 ِﺗ1 H ﺗ ǐ 콠11 ै 퀀⏠11 1콠ैH 1
1 ै ै ⏠Hs ﺗ1 콠ĉ 1 1Ď ِ1ِ⏠11 튀 ै ِﺗ1 튀ै 1 튀ै 11 ै
튀HH11 ै 11 1 퀀⏠11 퀀HH 1
콠1 爀 ِﺗƗ ﺗ1콠 ِ 1 튀 Hs 11 ِ 11 ै ĉ11 튀 ﺗ튀
ِ 11 1 11 ِ1䁕ै1 ƿ Ɲ 1ﺗƿ 1 콠 ِ ِƗ H ै Ɨ 튀H1 ِ 콠1 ِ ै1
1퀀H ĉHs 11 ِ 1 1 Ƴ11 1 ِ 11 ƿ ِ ﺗ
Ɲ 111 ِ 1ِ1 1䁕ِ1 11 퀀 Ɨ ِĉ ƝƗ ِ ِ H 콠1 ĉ
ِ H 1콠 1䁕 ِ1 ِ H1ِ
ِ ِ⏠ ै1 H 11 11 1 ِ ĉ ِ 1 ِ s11 튀 Ɲ1Ƴ Ƴ11 ِĉ튀11 1 ِ
11 H 1 ƞ
⏠ 1 콠ै 튀ĉ
,im r ै uu‰
튀 ⏠11 1 콠11 1 콠ै Ɲ⏠11 ƝH 1 콠
ै1ِै11 ِ 1H11 ِ 콠
ै1ِै11 ِ 1H11 ِ11 ِ1 1 콠 1 1 ĉHs 11 1 111 ै Ɲ 11 ै ِH ﺗ
1ِ 튀1 ِ ِﺗƝ ﺗ
콠 ِ ِ 1 ƿ H H11 1ै1 1 11 ِ Ɲ s11 ِ ِ ِ 콠 1 1
ِ 1H11 1 Ɲ H 콠 튀 ِ 11 튀 Ɲ 11 ِ1ِƗ 1
ِ ै1 11 1ِ Ɲ 11 1 콠 콠ै11 1 ĉﺗ 콠 ِ11 H ﺗH11
H ƝH1 ِ 1 ﺗ 콠 11 ⏠11 ै1ِै11 H ِ Ɲ1 1 Ɲ H 콠1 콠ैﺗ
H 1ِ⏠11 콠 1ƞﺗ ِ ِ 콠1 1콠 11 튀 ِ 1 ﺗ콠 Ɨ 튀H1 Ɲ1 튀 ِ 튀1
1ƝH 1 ِ ƝHै H11 ِ 1H11
ِs 11 ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1 ﺗƿ
튀 콠ĉ튀1 1 퀀1 ⏠1ِ 튀 1 ﺗ1 ِH ैِ ﺗ11 1 콠 ﺗH11 ِ 1H11 H*
ƝैH11 퀀H11 s 11 1Ɲ 1 Ɲ1 Ɲ1 ِH H ƿ1 튀 H11
1 ै ﺗ1 1 ǐِ 1ِ Ɲ H ِ ﺗ1 튀 ِ 1H ِ 1H11 튀ै ِ H ƝH1
ِ⏠ै11 Ɲ H ै 콠1 1 ﺗ s Ɲ ǁ1 1 ƗِैH 11 11 1
ِ 1 1H11 콠 11 ِ 1ِ ِ ﺗ
ِ ƞ 11 ِ ِ Ɲ1ِH 튀ै11 1 11 1 ै1 1ِ 1 콠 1 ِH ِ ﺗ1H11 H
ِ 튀 ै11 ِै H 1 1 1 튀 ैH H ﺗ 1콠 ै ﺗĉ ĉ⏠ ﺗ1 ƿ
1ِै1 ِ 콠H H11 콠ĉै 11
ِ ِ1 H ِ 1 ƿ 1 H 爀 11 콠 ै11 1 Ɲ 111 ِH ﺗ 콠 11
1 ﺗ튀 ै ƿ 1 11 ِ ِ H ِ 퀀 ِ 11 1ǁ1 Ɲ 111 1콠튀ै 11 ِ 11
ِ 1 Ɲैﺗ 1 1 H ﺗH ĉ ै1ِ 튀 ै ﺗH Ɲĉ
튀ै1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1 ِ ﺗ1ِ
1 Ɲ1 ⏠ै ِ 1 ِ 11 H 1 ِ ِ 1 1 ƞ ƿِै 11 H• *
1콠 튀⏠1 ِH H ƿ1 튀 H11 튀 콠ĉ11 ,, Ɲ H Ɲ H ĉ ैHH ै1ِै11 11 ِ 1 H 1
11 ِै 11 ِĉ ै ﺗ1 1 퀀 11 Ɲ H 콠11 ै Ɲ 1 ﺗ튀 ĉ 콠11 튀ै11
1 튀 1ِ ƝैƳ ﺗƿ H ِH1ﺗ
ِ H 11 ِs 11 튀ै1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1 ैِ ﺗ1
ِ 11 ِै 11 1 1 콠 11 H111 ै1ِ⏠ 11 ﺗH 1
ِ ِĉ111 ِ 1 Ɲ ǁ1 1 s1 H11 Ɲ H 콠 1Ɲĉ1ِ ِ H ِH ِ ﺗs 11 튀ै11
ِ ै ﺗH ِ ĉH ﺗ ِ ﺗ튀 ĉ ِ 1H ƿ1 튀1 1 1 ِ 1ﺗ
1 11 1ِ 11 튀ै1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1ِ ﺗs1ِ
ِ ِ Ɲ11 H1 1 ﺗƞ튀Hs 11 ِ H ƿ1 튀 콠 ِ ﺗ튀H ِ 1H11
ِ ै11 ै ै1 ِH튀11 ِ 1 ِH ِ ﺗ1H11 ِ H 콠11 튀 H11 1튀 ﺗ
ै1 콠11 1 1 ِ1 1Ɲ H
Ɲ ǁ1 1 s1 H11 ِ 1 콠1 ै⏠ ِ H 1 1 ﺗ콠 ƿ 1H11 1 ै ﺗH
퀀 11 ِ ै ِH1 Ɲ ِ H ƿ1 1ِ 콠 콠 ِ1 H 튀 1 퀀Ɨ1 튀 콠1 1ﺗ
ƝƳ11 튀ै1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1ِ ﺗ ِ
튀1 11 튀1 ﺗ ै ِ ै ﺗH ِ ै H 튀 ِ 1H11
ै ﺗ ै H ِ ﺗ튀 ِ 튀 튀 ِ ﺗ 콠 1 ƿ 1ِैﺗ
튀 H ĉ ैH ﺗ sै1 1 콠ै ﺗ1 1 s ِ 1H11 1 콠 튀ै
ﺗH11 H111 1Ɲ 콠ैHs 11 ِ ِ ĉ11 튀 퀀Ɨƿ1 튀 ِ1 튀ै 11 ﺗ튀 Ɲ 11 1
튀ै11 1 튀 H
1 튀 ﺗ튀ै ƞ H ﺗ 튀ै ِ ﺗ1ِ ैِ ﺗ
튀 ĉ 튀ै1 H
s1 H11 ƝƳ11 1 11 ِ 1 ﺗ ै ﺗƝH 1 ै1 ِै1 ै ِ ﺗ1H11
Ɲ Ɲ1 튀ै ै ﺗ1 sH1 ﺗ ै⏠H 1 ِ1 콠 Ɲ
Hs ِ 1 Ɲ⏠11 Ɲs 1퀀H11 1 1 튀ै 11 ِ ĉِﺗ
퀀 11 11 ِH튀1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1 ِ ﺗ1ِ
ِ1 H 콠H ِ ﺗƝH 1 H11 H튀11 ﺗH ⏠ s ِ 1ِ ﺗH튀11 ِ 1 ﺗƝHै*ﺗ
1 콠11 H111 1Ɲ H Ɲĉ ﺗ튀 ِै 11 1 ै ﺗH ِ ِĉ ﺗ1 튀 ﺗH ِ 튀ैH
H1 튀ैِ ﺗH 1 1Ɲĉ11 ै ِ Ɲ ै
Ɲ ﺗH 콠 11 11 ِﺗ1 ƿ 튀 ِ ِ 1튀 ﺗ 1 ĉs ِ1ِै 11 ِ 1 ِ ﺗ
ﺗƝH 1 11 11 1
11 1 ƞ1ِ ĉ튀ैH1 ِ 1ैِ ﺗ ِﺗ
1ِ 1 ِ 1 ƞ튀Hs ﺗ 튀ै11 11 ِै1 ِ 1H11 1 1 ƞ11 ِsِ H 1 ƝHै*ﺗ
1 11 튀 튀 ĉ ⏠ ِ ﺗ11 11
ِ s11 콠 11 ِ 1 ﺗ1Ɲ ِ
ै ِ H ƞ 튀ै 11 H튀11 sِ ِH튀11 ِĉ ﺗƞ튀Hs ﺗ ِ Ɲ ⏠ ﺗ ِ s1ِ H ِ ﺗ1ﺗ
1 11 ِ 1 Ɲ ǁ1 1 s1 H11 s 튀H ﺗ1ِ⏠11 튀
1Ɲ ⏠11 1ै1 Ɲ1sै11 ِ 1 ﺗƝƳ 콠
s 1콠1튀1 ै1ِ Hs ِ Ɲ1s ِ ِH 튀 Ď1 ِ Ɲ1 ﺗ1 콠 ِ ﺗ1ﺗ
Ɲ1sै11 튀ै11 1Ƴ ﺗs 1 ﺗǐ 1ِ111 ﺗ튀s 11 1 ĉ11
콠 Hै 11 ِ 1H11 콠 ِ 11 1 ِ ِ 1콠
ِ 1 1ƞ ِ 1 튀ĉ
sm1 ‰ 䉵
lim ,im
1 1콠11 1 콠11 11 퀀⏠튀1 Ɲ ै ﺗ1ِै11 튀 Ɲ 11 ِ111 ِै11 ⏠11 1 ﺗ 1
튀 튀 ﺗ 튀 튀 H 튀 ै11 1 콠11 Ɲ1 11 1 콠11 1Ɲ ِ 11 퀀
ै1ِै11 튀 Ɲ 11 ِै11 ⏠11 1 ِ 튀ै11 ِ 1 콠11 Hs1 튀 1 콠11 ِ 1H 1
1Ɲै11 ǐ 1ِ111 ⏠11 ǐ 1ِ111 ِ ﺗ
튀 Ɲ 11 1 콠11 1 1 ِ H 콠ै ǐ 1ِ111 ِ 튀 11 H ِ1 ِ
11Ɲ ِ 11 튀 튀ĉ11 1 s11 Ɲ 콠 H 11 1튀 11 ِ 11ƝH 1콠 튀 䁕 ै1ِै11
튀⏠ 콠 콠 H 11 1튀 11 1 콠 1 Ɲ Hsै ﺗ1ِै11 튀 Ɲ 11 ِै11 ⏠11 1 콠1
1ِ 1 Ɲ Hs ﺗ콠 ै1ِै11 튀 Ɲ 11 ِै11 ⏠11 1 ِ H111 콠 ﺗ튀 Ɲ1 1
1H 11 ِﺗƝ1 ِ ƞ H ﺗ1 1 11 콠ै 1콠 튀 䁕 ِ 11ƝH 1 s ै 1
콠 11 ِ H 튀1 1ƞ 11 1Ɲ1ै1 ै1ِै1 11Ɲ 튀1ِै11 ِƗै1 ِै11 ⏠11
H ِ 1 ِै11 ⏠11 1H 11 ِƗै1 ĉ 1 ِै ﺗ1콠 튀 䁕 ِ 11ƝH Ɲ 11
ِै 11 1 ƞ H튀1 1 콠11 ِै11 ⏠11 퀀Ɨ 1 Ɲ 111 ِ1 ِै 11
1 콠1 1ِ 11 ĉ11 ِ튀⏠H ِ 튀ै11 ِ 1 콠11 Hs1 튀 ِै11 ⏠11 1 ﺗH 1 ِ1
ِ 11ƝH ै1ِ ِ튀⏠H 1 ِĉ ِैﺗH 1 ِ ﺗ튀ै11 ِ 1 콠11
1ِ1ƞ11 콠 ِ ﺗH 1 1Ɲै11 ⏠11 ǐ 1ِ111 튀 11
ĉ ƿِ 콠H11 11Ɲ 콠 爀 ِ H1ƿ1 ⏠11 ِ 튀H 콠
콠 ِHै1 H튀 ै1 ِH ƞ 튀ै 11 H튀11 ِĉ ﺗ1 ِH 콠 䁕ِ H 1
H11
H11 콠 TWE H11 ِH 1 ِ H1ƿ1 1 ƞ H ِ
ِ1 ِH11ِ 0 콠 Paper based H11 2s0 콠 Computer based
ِ111 ƞै11 22 ĉ ƿ ِ1 튀111 ै 11 90 콠 IBT
1ƞ ै1 ِ 20 ĉ ƿ
11 ِ ǁ1
ِ 콠ै 1ِै11 튀ै 튀1 ِ 튀⏠1 1ैِ ﺗ11 ⏠11 1ﺗ
Ɲ 11 ِ Ɲ 1 Hﺗ 퀀 ै튀1 Ɨ 1 ै11 1 ِ111 ِै11 ⏠튀1 H 1
1 콠11 䁕Ɲ ِ⏠ Ɲ11 ِ ِै11 1 1 ِ111 ै11 1Ɲ H 퀀1 11
1 ِĉ11 ƝH 11 ِ ِ⏠ Ɲ ِै11 ⏠11 ِƗ ﺗ1 ै H 11 ِ ƞ11
ِ ĉ ⏠ ﺗH 11 1 H11 튀s ƿ 콠 콠 s11 11 Ɲ 䁕 ⏠ 1 1 콠11 ِ
튀 ِ 1 1 ِै11 ⏠11 ِ 1 H NHS ِ⏠ Ɲ11 Ɨ 11 11 1 1 튀
1Ɲ H Ɲ s Ɲ11 ِ s 1 콠11 ِ 1ƝH s00 000 1 s11
ِ 퀀sै1 ِैH11 ِ 1 콠튀1 ƝHsƳ ِ1 튀H 1 11 11 ِ ِ s11 ِH 11
ِै11 ⏠11 H11 ﺗ1 ِ 䁕 H 콠 H 11 1튀 11 11 ِ⏠ 튀 ِ ĉ ⏠ ﺗH 11
1 ِै11 1ƝH 10 000 1 ﺗ1 Ɲ11 ﺗƝH ै 11 1 Ɲ H 1 ﺗ콠
ĉِ Ɲै 11 1 콠 H 11 1튀 11 ِै ِै11 1ƝH s00 000
ِ1 1 11 s ِ 11ƝH 1콠 튀 䁕 1 Ɲ 11 Ɨِ 11 ِै11 ⏠11 1H1
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콠 1 Ɲ 䁕 튀ĉ
콠1 䁕 ِ 튀 1Ɲ ِ⏠ Ɲ Ɲ 1 s Ɲ ĉै 콠ै1 Ɲ s11
튀 ِै1 Ɲ ƝƳ11 1 ِ 튀 콠1 19s Ɲ 1
Ɲ ِĉ11 ै1ِै ⏠11 ǐ ِ 11 1 ِ 1 s 콠 ﺗsH ⏠
ƳHs ै 1 19 2 ِ ِ ِ⏠ Ɲ 1 ĉH 1 ैِ1 튀ैﺗ
ƳHs1 H Ɲ11 튀ĉ11 ِ 1Ɲ ِ s 콠 튀 콠 11
튀ैH11 튀ै11 ِ ै1 s Ɲ 콠1 2001 1 19 9 1 콠튀 ِ
ِ Ɲ11 튀ĉ튀1 1 ĉ11 콠 ै 11 1 ِH 1992 ِ 1
ِ 19 ِ 1 튀ĉ11 ĉ ِ 1Ɲ ِ ĉ ﺗƝ ⏠H H 1 198
Ɨ s 11 1 Ɲ 튀1 튀 ĉ 튀 ै ِ 1980
1 200 1 ﺗ1 H ِ 11 콠 튀 튀 ĉ Ɲ1
ِ⏠ Ɲ11 콠 1 111 ِH ِ 튀 1 Ɲ 11 Ɲ ِƳ 11
19 ِ ǐ ِ ĉ1 ِ 11 1ƞ 1 1튀 11 H 1 1ِH 1
튀ĉ11 튀1 ĉ1 ِ⏠ Ɲ11 퀀 11 튀 튀⏠
ِ ِ ै1 ĉ ِ 튀 ै1 Ɲ1 1 ِƳH ِH Ɲ H 1 1Ɲै11 ِ 튀 ै11 1Ɲ ƞH 1 Ɲ s
ِ 콠ै Ɲ1 ƞ1 튀 11䁕 튀⏠H ﺗ콠ĉै1 튀 ĉ 1 ِ 튀 ै11 11ƞH 1 ĉै 콠ै1 HH콠11 ⏠ 200
콠ै1 Ɲ s11 ِ ِ H11 ĉ ِs11 ƞ11 튀 퀀 Ɲ 11 튀 ⏠튀1 ै ⏠11 튀ĉ11 ƞ 1 ै ⏠11 ِ 튀
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ِH ै1ِ Ɲ ै1ِ 1 퀀H 1 Ɲ ِ ِĉ1 튀 콠 튀 1튀 11 1Ɲै11 튀H 1ِ1䁕 튀
ƿ ै1ِ Ɲ ǐ1ƝH 1 콠 s1ِ 콠 1 ै1ِ 1 1 H ِ⏠ Ɲ ِै1ِ 1s1콠 1 ै1ِ 1Ɲ 1 ै1ِ
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ِ ै1 ĉ ِ 튀 ै1 1Ɲ ै
ِ ﺗ콠 1 Ɲै The Petchey Academy ِH
1 ِ ِै1 ِﺗ1콠 콠ĉ 튀ĉ11 1Ɲ1ै 1ƞHƝ1
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1ِै11 ِ11Ɲ ै1 ƝH 1 콠 ِĉ ِ1 ƝH1 1s9 Ɲ ِ ﺗ1 튀 Ɲ Ɲĉ 1
ǐ ĉ11 튀 퀀 1 콠 ै1 콠s ِ H11 1H , Ɲs11 1 ِ H ِ 1 ِ11Ɲ ै1 ِ1 11 ِ ﺗ콠ै ِ H
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s 1 ِ1H ƿ1 ِ1H 퀀1 튀 1 H 11 1ƳH1 1 ِ1 Ƴ ﺗ퀀 1 퀀 11
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ِ 1 ِ Ɲ ै ِ ⏠11 ĉ ِ ِ 1 ِ H11 ِ Ɲ 1ِHƳ 1 ِ Ƴ11 튀 Ɲ11 ِ 튀ै11 1ै1
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ِ ِ1 1ै ِ H 1 ै 콠11 튀s 11 Ɲ ै 콠 튀s 11
1 ِ H11 Ɲै 1 1 ĉ 1 Ɲ ِ H 콠ै ﺗƿ ِ ƝƳ ِ ै Ƴ ِ H ƞै1ِ
1ƝH ƿ1 1 튀 Ɲ s ﺗ11 H 퀀 11
튀1H11 ƿ H ĉ Ɲ H 1 1 ƞै11 1ै1 ै ِ Hĉ 1
H 1ﺗ ِ Ɲ1 ِ ِ 11 ƝHै1 ِ ĉ ĉ ِ ĉ ĉ 11 H1 11 Ɲ ै 1 ِ
ĉ ĉ11 ƞ 11콠 ِ 1ƳH튀1 1 콠 1 ِH sِ 튀s1
1ƝH1 ِ H 1 ِ ै1 H ِH DžƝ ِﺗ콠 ِ ِ ِﺗƝ 1 튀 ِ 1 1Ď 튀 ِ 콠11 1ƝH ƿ
콠 튀s Ɲ1 Hै 1 콠 튀 ⏠H 퀀 11
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튀 ِ1 튀 튀s 튀1 ِ1 1 1 1 튀s Ɲ 1ﺗ 퀀11 1 퀀 11 1 ै1 ⏠11 튀 ﺗ11䁕
튀s 11 1 ِ 11 ِĉ1 ƞै11 1 ै 콠 H ِ 튀 1 튀1 튀s 11
ƿ콠 퀀 11 1 Ƴ ै 11 튀s 11 Ɲ ै 1 11 1 ĉ ِ Ɲ11 튀 ِ Ɲ H ƞै11
ِƳ ƿ Hै 11 1Ɲ H 튀 ै ِ ै H Ɲ ِ H s ِ ै11 ِHƞ11 H 1퀀 H Ɲ
ƞै11 ِ H ِƳ 11 1 11 ِ1 튀s 11 ƿ ِ
ِ 11 ِĉ1 ै11 ِ ै Hै 11 ِ1H11 1퀀 11 1 콠튀1 ِ 11 퀀 ƞै11 Ɲ1 1 ĉ 11
1 ِﺗs1 s 튀H1 ﺗ11 튀s1 Ɲ ै 튀s1 Hै 11 1Ɲ H 튀 ⏠ 1 Ɲ ƿ
1 Ɲ ै 1콠 ِs1 1Ɲ ƿِ H ِ 1 ِH 1 ِH11 콠 1 1 ै1
ĉs ﺗƞै11 爀 Ɲ1sै11 1콠111 ِ ै11 ِ1H11 ِHƞ11 1 H 1 11 ِ ِ
1 ِHƞ11 1 ƞै11 ِ ِ H sﺗ ِHƞ11 1콠ĉ 1 11 1 ƞ 䁕1 Ɲ1 ِ 튀ै11 콠
튀H ِ ﺗ1 ِ⏠111 Ɲ 1Ď 11 Ɲ 1 ِ 튀ै1 1 콠H 1 ِ 1 ĉ ĉ ِ ﺗ ै1 ِ 1ِƗ
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1 콠튀1 Ɲ1sै11 1콠111 1 ै11 H ِै1 ِĉ1 ƞै11 1 1 11 ِ ِ ِ 튀ै11 튀1ﺗ
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ِ ِH 1 Hِ⏠ 1 ै ِH H11 1Ɲै11 튀 1 1퀀 11 ै튀1 ِĉ11 ِ 1ِ 콠 ِs1
⏠ ै1 HH ِƳ1 ِĉ1 ƞै11 1 ै 콠 1 11HYDRA 1 콠 1ِ 1 H ِ ِ1 s1 1 ै1
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爀 튀 Ɲ 11 1ِ ै 1 1퀀 11 ै11 콠 ِ 콠 1 11 콠1ِ ِ 1Ɲ H11 콠 ِै 11 ِH
퀀 ƿ ƞै11 ِ 튀 Hِ 콠 ĉ Hِ ै 1
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1Ɲ Ɲै H ِ 퀀 11 11콠 1 H H ِ H11콠 䁕1 ِ ⏠ 퀀 11 ِ 콠ĉ11 1 Ɲै1
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ِ 1 퀀 11 Ɲ1 1콠 HHs H 퀀 11 Ƴ ﺗƝ1 1 H11 ِ 1 ƞै11 ِH
Ɲ11 콠ĉ 11 s1 ِ ﺗ111 1 퀀 1ِ ैƳ11
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튀 ﺗ튀 Ɲ튀1 튀s 11 ِ 튀 Ƴ11 1콠11 1 ِ ﺗ ِ 콠1 퀀s ِs1 Ɲ⏠ĉ 11
1 퀀 ﺗ1 1 1 ĉ ĉ 11 ِ ﺗ 1ƞ11 ِ Ƴ11
ِ 튀 ِ ĉ 11 1 ﺗ1 ِ 튀 퀀 11 콠 콠 11 ै Ɲ1 1ِ 1 H1 ِ s11 Ɲ1 11 1 ĉ1 Ɲ ै
ِ 튀ै11 ِ ĉ 11 1 1 ैHs 콠ै 퀀 11 1 ै 1콠 ै11 튀 1 콠11
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ِ 11 ِ⏠ 1ِ1 11 1 Ɲ1H 퀀 ⏠H H Ɲ 11 ै ِ1 ैƳ11 ⏠H ﺗ1 1ƿ1
1ِ ƝH 튀 Ɨ 튀 s Ɲ ĉ 콠 Ɲ 11 Ɲ1 H
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ِĉ ﺗƿ1 콠 Ɲ 11 ِs 11 튀ै ƿ 1ِ ⏠H11 ِ Ɲ11 Ɲ ِ s 1
ै11 H1ƞ 1 ِ 䁕 퀀
ِ H 1ै1 콠ĉ ﺗǐِ ĉ1 ِ ै1 ِ s11 콠 ﺗ1 콠 ⏠H11 ै11 1Ƴ
1ै1 ِ1 1 11 ǐِs 11 1 1ै1 Hै 11 ِै ﺗ1 Ďs 1ِ Ɲ ǐِs
ِ ै11 Ɲ 11 ĉै11 ِ1 Ɲ H ﺗ1 1 1 ƞै ِ Ɲ1 11 ِ ِ ǐ 䁕 H11 1콠ĉH 11
ै Hै 11 ِ 11 1Ɲ1 1 ِ H H H1 ैs11 ƞै 11 ै 튀 ِ 튀1 콠 1 ै튀1
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튀 - 콠 1 11 1ƞैै1 1 Ɲ111 DžƝĉ11 튀ै11 䁕ِै 11
1 ﺗ ǐِ 11 1콠 1 1ƞ ƞ 퀀H - 퀀s11 퀀 11
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콠 H ै 䁕ِै ै ƝƳ ﺗ䁕ِै 튀 䁕ِै ِ 䁕ِै
튀ै11 DžƝĉ11 䁕ِै 11
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H11 Ɲ ै Ɲ 11 1 1 ﺗ1 1 ِ ِ 11 ِ ै1
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s 1ِै ﺗ튀1ِ ĉ
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Ɨ 퀀 튀ĉ
Dream it, Do it
What do you really want to do in your life? If
money were no object, what would you do?
Write a novel, travel the world, start your own
company? Many of us dismiss such dreams as
indulgent fantasies. After all, with so many
challenges in the here and now, the idea of
dreaming about the future may seem
pointless, even decadent.
Successful, satisfied people know the value of
dreams and visions, and they’re always working
on them. In their eyes, life dreams aren’t static,
isolated solutions or escape hatches from here
and now. Nor are they fantasy cure-alls or
“consolation prizes” that will some day
compensate them for otherwise meaningless
labors. Rather, to people who are actively
working on their dreams, the dream is their life.
Dream building isn’t just
about feeding life into
your dream, it’s also
about feeding your
dream into your life.
When it comes to talking about your dream, it’s wise
to share it with only a select few until you are
confident about your desires. If your dream is to start
your own business, you may not want to confide in
an embittered coworker who is stuck in a dead-end
job. But once you’ve reached the point where you
have the support of your important friends, and are
feeling confident and willing to make the trade-offs
necessary to realize your dream, there’s no need to
hide your plans.
By: Hanin Walid
Social media
Social media has grown Just like anything which can they were doing was
tremendously in the last few be used for both good and experimenting, trying out
years. From 2006 onwards bad, social media, as any skills, and succeeding and
the growth rate is other thing in life, is a double- failing in tons of tiny real-
unexpectedly very high. edged weapon. Teens are time interactions that kids
Specially Facebook and masters at keeping today are missing out. For
Twitter have grown much themselves occupied by one thing, modern teens are
faster and captured millions social media in the hours learning to do most of their
of users in just a few years. after school until way past communication while looking
According to the way bedtime. When they’re not at the screen, not another
technology is growing, it is doing their homework (and person.
obvious that more and more when they are) they’re online
people are going to grasp its and on their phones, texting, We all should be using social
benefits. It has brought a lot sharing, trolling, scrolling, you media in a good way and not
of advantages for the society. name it. Of course, before getting addicted to it. Getting
From progressed nations to everyone had an Instagram away all the bad side effects
under-developed countries, account, teens kept and trying to take the
every nation is utilizing the themselves busy, too, but positive side of everything,
power of social media to they were more likely to do especially social media will
enhance life and use it to their chatting on the phone, definitely lead to online-
make people better. or in person when hanging safety. We need to stay safe
However, on the other hand out at the mall. It may have and YOU should stay safe, all
it has also affected the looked like a lot of aimless the best.
society in the negative way. hanging around, but what
By: Hanin Walid
DESTROYING NATURAL HABITATS
Imagine waking up one day, only to Habitat destruction is the leading
discover that everything you’ve always cause of extinction for various
known has instantly changed. The home species and is the reason that many
animals are endangered. Animals are
you’ve lived in for your entire life is very intelligent beings, but without their
gone. The roads are much different, natural homes, they are unable to
making navigation far more complicated, protect themselves and care for their
and you find yourself in areas that are
unfamiliar to you. All around you are young.
elements that could easily cause you Solutions available include:
harm and there is no escaping. This 1) Combat habitat loss by preserving
natural resources and learning how to
scenario would be sad, extremely use them in a way that does not require
overwhelming, and many people would such frequent destruction of habitats.
not survive. Yet, this is what happens 2)We should also teach others the
importance of biodiversity.
every day to wildlife and underwater 3) We should be just as willing to put
species as their habitats are destroyed. forth the effort to rebuild and attempt
As we exhaust natural resources, the
homes of many animals are lost in the to replace what is lost.
process. By definition, habitat loss is
also known as habitat destruction, and
it occurs when we destroy the natural
shelters that are home to wildlife.
By: Raghad Haidar
ul ै i l ,汯
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(Do It Yourself)
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ƞ11 콠튀11 튀ĉ
牡汯 l u汯 ^
ِै⏠11 ِ ⏠1 ﺗ콠 ƿ
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111 ِ 11 ِ ﺗ1 1Ƴ11 ِ H 1 Ď ĉ ĉ 11 11 䁕 11 1콠ĉ
ِ ِH ِ H ِ H ƿ1 ै ِ H ै1ِ ै s 1 11 1 Ɨ
콠ै 1Ɲ 11 1Ɲैs11 Ɲ 튀 콠 ِs 1 ै 1H 1 ِ ِै⏠11
Ɲ
ِ111 11 튀 11 ِ ِ
1 11 튀 Ď ﺗs1ِ ِs1ِ ﺗƝ 퀀 1 11 1 ِ ِ - 1 튀 11 1 ِ 1 콠11 Ɲ Ƴﺗ
ƞ1 sै11 爀 ⏠ ै1 튀 1ِ ﺗ1콠 ै ِƗ 1 1Ɲ 11 1Ɲैs11 ﺗ튀 콠 ِs ﺗH11 ै1 튀 ِ⏠
1䁕ƞै 튀11 ƞ ﺗ111 1 s ै1 ِ 1Ɲ ِH ِ 䁕 1 11 튀 Ď ﺗ1 1 ِ 1ِ 1 튀 ِ⏠11
11 튀 Ɲ 1Ɲ Ƴ11 Ɲ⏠ s11 Ďs 11 ƞ 튀ै 1ِ H 1 1Ɲ ِH 튀ĉﺗ 콠11 ƞ1ﺗ
Ƴ1ِ 1Ƴ11 ै 1 H
ِ 11 ِ ﺗ 1 ैِ ﺗ1 ِ 11 Ɲ 1 Ɲ H ِ 1ِ
콠 ِ 11 ِ ﺗ 1 ﺗ ِ 11 1Ƴ11 ƝƳ
ِ ﺗ콠 ِs ⏠ 11 ِ Ɲ Ƴ⏠ैِ ﺗ11 ِ ﺗ1 ِ
ِ 11 퀀 1H 1 ِ ِै⏠11 ِ ِ 11 Ɲ 1 ِ 1 콠11
콠ै 1Ɲ 11 1Ɲैs11 Ɲ 튀 1 ِs 1 Ď ِै⏠11 ِ ﺗ1
ِ ﺗैƝ11 ِ H Ɲ
Ɲ 퀀 퀀 1Ƴ11 䁕
콠1ِ H11 111 ِ 11
ِ 11 ِ Ɲ1s11
ै1 1Ɲ1 퀀 Ɲ H11 ِ ِ ِ ِ ﺗ ِH ِs1ِ
1H 1 1Ƴ ِ Ɲ11 ِ 1 H11 1 튀⏠ 콠 ƿ
튀HH 튀 11 튀 콠 ِs ﺗ ِै⏠11 ِ ﺗ1 1 ƿ콠 11 ِ1ِ ﺗ
1 콠 Ď 11 Ɲ1ै1 퀀 ै11 튀ै ِ ै1ِ ِH
ِ111 1 H11 H11 튀 Ɲsﺗ 1 1 ै Ɲs11 ِ 11
ƝैƳ ﺗ11 Ɲ 111 䁕
1 1 s Ɲ11 ِ 11 1Ɲ H ै1ِ
H11 111 ِ 11 ِ H
H1 11 1 s11 11 콠 䁕 1 ﺗ Ɲ1ِ
1Ɲs1 11
Ɲ ै 튀ĉ
l潄im 9r 汯 l
ِै 11 1 콠 ƞ 1 ِ1 1 ِ ِﺗƝ 11 ِै 11 ĉ ِ1 1ِै11 1Ɲs11 1 H튀 11 ǐِ 11 Ɲ 11 Ɲ 11 11 ǐِ 11
콠 1 퀀11 1 콠ĉ11 Ɲै ﺗH11 튀ैHƳ 11 ĉ11 1 Ď 11 Ɲ⏠11 ِ H ِ 1콠 ĉ ﺗ튀 ِ 콠 ِs ﺗH11 ै 1콠11 ĉ11 ǐِ 11 콠ĉH11
Ɲ ِ ِैH ƿِ 1 䁕ِ H1ƿ1 1 s 튀1 ِै 11 11 1 H 튀 ِ ﺗH ِ Hs1 1 Ɲ ﺗH ƳH1H 11 1
ĉ 11 1Ɲ HH콠11 1ِै11 Ɲ ِ 11 ƝƳ11 H11 Ɲ 11
ǐِ 11 1
ǐِ 11 11 ǐِ 11 11 ǐِ 11 ِ Ɲ11 ǐِ 11 Ɲ 11 ǐِ ِ ﺗǐِ ِ 11 1 ǐِ 11 ĉ 11 1Ɲ sĉ
1ِ 111 ǐِ 11 ِ 11 ǐِ 11 11 ǐِ 11 䁕ِै 11 ǐِ Ɲ 콠ĉH11 ǐِ Ɨِै11
ِ ƝH H11 1 ƿ1 1
ِH11 ǐِ 11
Ɲै 11 ِƳHH퀀1 ِ ِ Ɲ H11 ै 콠 1 ै1 Ɲ 1 ⏠11 콠1 콠
콠 ِ1 1 ِs 11 ƝैH ِ1콠 Ɲ⏠111 1ِ Ɲ 1 Ɲ 11 ǐِ ǐِ 11 튀ै ﺗ1 ِ 1 ⏠1ِ
1 s 11 ِ 콠 ِs ैِ ﺗ11 콠 튀 1콠 ǐِ 11 1 콠 H 11 ैِ
ِ 1 ِs 11 ِ ƝĉH H11 ِ ै1 1 ِै11 11 ﺗ11 ǐِ 11 ِ Ɲ11 ǐِ 11
ǐِ 튀1 콠 ƿ 11 1콠11 콠 11 ِै튀1 ِ Ɲ11 ĉ11 1ِैﺗ
ِﺗ1 ِﺗ11 ǐِ 11 ĉ11 Ɲ ِƳ1 1 11 ِ1 ِ Ɲ11 ِƳ 11 ِﺗ11 11 ǐِ 11
sै11 ِ 1퀀 튀 1 ِ 튀1 s 1 ِ
11 ǐِ 11
1ِ ِ H ِ1 s 1 ِﺗ1Ƴ11 튀 Ɲ⏠ s ﺗH11 ĉ11 ِ1 ै1 ِH H
1 ِ1 ِै ﺗƝ s ﺗ1 ƝƳ11 11 1ِै ﺗ튀 콠ĉ ِs 11 ِ ⏠111 H1ِ Ɲ1 11 Ɲ튀H 튀
Ɲ 콠ै Ɲ1 ِ 1Ɲ1 ﺗ1 ِ1
콠ै11 ĉ1ِ ƞ 11 ै ﺗ1ƝH ƿ1 ै 11 튀ैH11 1Ɲĉ11 ैƝ11 1 Ɲ 1 ⏠1 콠 ै 11 ǐِ 11
ǐِ 11 ِै 1ِ 튀1H ﺗH 1
1 Ɨِै11 ǐِ 11
ĉ ِs 11 ƞ Ɲ ǁ1 ै11 ِै ﺗ11 Ɨِ 1 ǐِ 11 1
ِ ِ 퀀 ِ1 1 1 1 H 1 Ɲ 11 튀s11 11 ِ H11 튀 콠 ِsﺗ
콠 Ɲ 콠ĉH튀1 ِ 11 1 콠 11 11 튀 1 콠H ِ1 1 ĉ 11 Ɲ Ɲ 콠ĉH11 ǐِ ِ1
Ɲ1Ƴ1ِ 튀 ِĉ Ɲ ǁ1 1 콠ĉ1 1 ैƳ11 1 ِH ِs 1 ِs 11 ِ ै1 ِ ِ 11
s 11 1퀀s1 ِs 11 Ɲ ِ 䁕ِै 11 ِ 11 s 11 튀ै11 ِ 1 콠11 H 䁕ِै 11 ǐِ
ﺗ1 ِĉ ﺗƿ1 1 Ɲ ⏠ ﺗ1 ै 콠 ِ 11 H ĉ ِs 11 ƝैƳ 䁕ِै 1ِ
.
콠ै1 H 튀ĉ
‸ै
1 Dž ِ 1 ِ⏠ 11
ِ H 1ِ 튀 Ɲ⏠1 1 ِै11 s1
Ɲ 111 ِ 1 튀ैH 11 Ɲै
H 퀀 콠 Ɲ 䁕 11 ِs1 튀 11 1 ƝH
Ɲ ِH ِ ِ⏠ Ɲ 1튀 1 ﺗ콠 ِƳ1 콠ै
ِ1 Ɲ ĉ11 ِĉ ِ1 sH1 ِ ƿ1 ﺗƞ ै ِ Ɲ ِ 콠 Ɲ ِH 1튀 11 1
11 ِ 튀ै ِ ﺗ ِ ै11 콠111 1 1콠 ﺗH ĉ11 1 튀ैﺗ
ǐƝH 콠 ƿ 퀀 ِ 1 1 퀀 11 1 ĉ1 ƝH ﺗ 1 11 Ɲ ĉ11
ِHH Ɲ ǁ1 s 콠 H ƿ ﺗ1 11 ِ Ɲ11 콠1 ِ s
콠 1 1Ɲ ƞ11 Ɨِ 튀ĉ
r
Ƴm
r
Ƴm
콠 퀀 튀ĉ
ِ ै1
퀀Ɨ ƞ ƞ 1 1 ِĉ11 1 111 1ै1 1Ɲ111 ƞ 11 Ɲ111 1ِै ƿ1 Ɲ ﺗH11
1Ɲ 콠ĉ Ɨِै11 콠 ِs 11 11 1콠ĉ 1 1 ِैH 1 ِ HHƿ1 1 ِ1Ɲ 11
ै 퀀11 ِ 1Ɲ 11
튀ĉ11 111 1ै1 Ƴ 11 ِ 11
ِ 튀s1 s 1ِ Ɲ HH ƿ 11 1ِ ैƳ11 1 11 ِ ﺗ1 튀 ै1 ِ ै1 ै
콠 ِĉH11 1 Ƴ11 콠 11
Ɨِ111 ƝH11
Ɲ 11 11 ै1 Ɲ ِ111 ِ HHƿ1 1Ɲ ِै 튀ĉ 퀀H 1 s 11 ِ HHƿ1 111 ِ HHƿ1 ै1
HِƳ1 ِ ै1 ƿǁ1 ِ⏠11 튀 ैH11 1콠ĉ 튀 Ɨ 1ƝH 1 튀s11 Ɲ ِƳ 11 ƞ 11 1 1Ƴ11
ैHs ﺗƿ H11 1Ɲ ै1 1 ِ Ɲ ै 11 ِƳH11 ƞ 11 튀ĉ11Ɲ ِƳ1 ِ ﺗ 1ƝHHƿ1 콠 ǐِ 11
Ɲ 11 콠1 Ɲ 1 ﺗ콠 콠 튀ĉH11 퀀ै튀1 ैै ِ 1 ِ 튀1 콠 1콠ै 1 1 콠 11 11
ِ 11
ِ 11 콠 11 1 11 콠ĉH Ɲ 11
퀀ै11 ƝƗ
ﺗ1 11 퀀ै11
ै ِ 1 1 ِĉ 콠 ﺗ1 ƞ 콠1ِ 11 H ﺗH11 1ƝƳ11 튀 Ɲ Ď ﺗ1ِsH ƿ1 1Ɲ Ď1 튀ै11 11 콠 H
ِ HHƿ1 1 ﺗ1콠 11 1Ɲ Ď1 ƝƳ H11 ِ 1 콠11 콠 Ɲ Ɲs11 ै 1ِ ǐِs 11 콠 11 11
ِ 콠sैِ ِ 11 ِ1 ƞ ƞै ﺗ튀 튀 ै 튀ĉ11 1Ɲ1 ِs11Ɲ⏠ 1 튀ĉH11 ِ 콠 ِs ِ 콠sै1 ِ H
ِ HHƿ1 ِ 11 1 ِ 튀1Ƴ
ِ H ƿ1 퀀ै11
ِ ِै ﺗ튀⏠H ِ H ƿ1 1 1 Ɲ1 콠11 1 H1 1ِ ⏠ 11 11 ƝHƳ ﺗ퀀
튀 1Ɲ ै1 튀s ﺗ1 ِै 1 ِ ﺗ1
- s 11 ِƳH ƿ1 - 1 11
Ɲ ِƳ1 Ɲ ैH1ِ Ɲ 튀1 s 11 Ɲ1ै1 ِ H ƿ1 튀 콠1 ِ1 1 1
Ɲ ِĉै11
s ِ HHƿ1 1 1ِैH튀1 ِ1 Ƴ ِ ĉ11 1 1 HH1 1Ɲ ै1 1 1 ﺗ퀀 ِ 11 ِ HHƿ1 1ِै ﺗƿ ِ
ِ Ɲ 111 1콠 1ِ 퀀ै11
li lim m lim ै ै lrim
ƞ 11 1콠 ै1 1 1ِैH ﺗH
ِ ِﺗ1 1
튀s11 Ɲ ِƳ1 1 ﺗ1 H 1 ِHH Ɲ 1 1 ِ H 1 猳ƝH 1 Ɲ HH 1 s 1
콠 콠 1 1 콠 1 ِ 콠ै ƞ 11 ِ H Ɲ ﺗ ِﺗƝ ﺗH Ɨِ ِ ĉ
ِ 콠 s 1 튀 ِैs11
튀 ै11 1 11 ِ 1 ƝH ﺗ
ĉ1ِ1 111 s ِ ﺗ1콠 ǐĎ11 Ɲै 1 s 1 ै11 ĉH 1
ै1 ِ 튀1 콠ैH ِ
ﺗ 1 ﺗǐ ƿ
Hै1 s ﺗƝƳ 튀 1콠 ِ1 Ɲ1ﺗ 1 ﺗ콠 ِ 1Ɲ ƿ 1䁕
ِ 콠 ﺗĉ 1 ै1 ِ 콠 ⏠ ﺗ1 H H 1 ِ Ɲ ĎH1 s Ɲ ĎH1 ﺗ튀 H ै H ﺗƿ
튀ĉ 퀀Ɨ H Ɲ ﺗ튀 ﺗH ِ1 H 1 ैsHै1
1ِ ƿ Ɲै ِ ِ sĉ Ɲ Ɲ1 튀 Ɲ ِƳ1 ِ 콠1 ƝƳ ِH ِ 1 ĉ11 1 ै ِ 튀H
1Ɲ11 1 Ƴ 1 튀 ƝैƳ ﺗH 1 1 1 11 Ɲ 11 11 ِ 1 11 H ﺗ1 Ɲ 1 튀ैै ﺗƿ
1 ِﺗ1 1 1 튀1 ैs11 1 ै1 1 11
ﺗƝ H 1 1 1 Ɲ ƿ 콠 11 튀 튀1 1
1s 1 1 튀 ِ111 11
튀ै11콠 콠1ِ Ɲ1 튀ĉ
l lim u ‰ lim l‰ lr Ƴm l^ , m
1 ِ ैِ 11 ƞ튀Hs 튀s11 콠 튀ĉH11 Ɲ ِ ِ ﺗ 튀s11 콠 튀ĉH11 Ɲ ِ
튀ैH11 ِ ِﺗs Ď1 1
Ɲ 1 1 Ďs 11 ै11 1 1 콠11
ِ Ƴ ﺗ
1 튀s11 1
퀀 ِ s ِ 퀀
튀1 ǐ 1콠 11 ِ1ِ⏠11 ै
s H11 ै Hै 11 ĉ11 튀
1 튀H 1 H Ɲै ِ1 1
1 ِ 튀 1Ɲ ै1 1 11 콠11
ƿ ِ H 튀ै ِ1ِ⏠11 ĉﺗ
ƿِ1퀀11 ƝƳH ﺗ 콠
ِ 11 ِ 1ِ ǐِs 11
ِ 튀 튀1ِ 1Ɲ 1 ِ
튀 ِ ﺗH ƿ1 s1 H11
튀 퀀 11 ƝHै ِ H 11
1 Ƴ 11 Ɲِ ﺗ 1
ِ H ƿ1 ِ ै1 1 콠ै
1 ै1 콠 튀ĉH11 1 ِ 1 ƝH11
⏠H11 ِHِ 1 ِ1ِ⏠11
콠 튀ĉH11 Ɲ ِ11 ै ƝH ِ 콠 1 s Ɲ11 ِ ै1 ِ1 1콠11 ِ ैِ ĉH11 ِ1ِ⏠11 튀ै1
ǐ 1콠 11 ِ 콠 ِƳ ﺗH11 튀s11 ِ1ِ⏠11 ƿĎ 1 튀s11 ِ1ِ H ƿ1 튀ैƳ11 콠1 ِ H ƿ1
ِƳH 1 ِ Ɲ s ﺗH11 11 ِH 11 ِ1䁕ै1 퀀1 11 ै1 ै H Ɲ ै1 ِ H11 콠 튀1 튀ै11 콠 ِ 11 ِH ै1
Ɲ ِ111 䁕 1 Ɲ ै1 H11 튀H1 11 ِ H ƿ1 11 1
ै 11 ĉ1ِ Ɲ ǁ1 ِﺗ1 콠 튀ĉH11 ﺗ 콠11 䁕1 11 ِ ै ِ 11 ĉ11
콠 튀ĉH11 ِ ै1 ै 1s 튀 11 튀 1ِ ِ 1 ِH 11 ƝैƳ 11 ِ 11
콠 콠ै11 콠ै 1ِ 11 ِ H 1 1 ै1 ِH 11 ِH ﺗ11 11 콠ĉ11 ِ ै
11 1ِै ƝH11 콠튀ĉ s 11 콠ĉ11 1 ै1 11
ِ ﺗƿ 1 ِै11 ै 1 ِH ƿ1 11 ƞ튀Hs Ɲ ِ111 ِﺗ
1 Ɲ11 s11 ै Ɲै11 ِ ैِﺗHै1 ै11 1 1 콠11 1 ِ ै1
ِ Dž 1 1 ﺗƝH ِ 1 콠11 䁕1 11 ِ ै H11 1Ɲ 11 ै튀ﺗ ﺗ11 1 Ďs 11
ِ ै1 ै 콠s Ɲ s Ɲ ै1 콠1 1ِ1 ﺗ콠ै ِ Ɲ 1
퀀 ै1 ِs ِ 1 콠 콠 ِ ै1 Hै 11 콠 11
ِ Ɲ11 ﺗ1 11 ِ Ɲ11 Ɲ ै1 ِ Ɲ11 ِ ै
ِ ै s11 ِĉ 콠s ِ 콠 11
1 ِ 콠ै11 퀀 ै1 콠11 䁕1 11
s 11 콠ĉ11 ِ ै ِ Ɲै11 Hै 11
ै11 콠1 1Ɲ ِ 튀ै11 콠 ِ 11 ِ H ƿ1 ِ ै1
1 ĉ ﺗH ِ H 1 ِ H
H Ɲ ِ111 ِƳH ƿ 콠 H1ِ
콠 튀ĉH1ِ ĉ ﺗ1 튀11 ِ1ِ⏠11 1 튀1ِैHﺗ
ﺗ퀀 1䁕 ِ ƝƳ 1 튀 ै 1 ै1
ƿ ĉ Ɲ ِ111 1 1ِैH튀1
콠 1 ﺗ11 ِ ै1 ै 1 튀s11
1ِ⏠11 1ै ِ ﺗ1 ै ै
1 Ɲ ﺗ퀀 1 ै1 H ﺗ ِ
1ِ 1ِ⏠11 ﺗH ِ ﺗ퀀 1䁕
ĉ ƝƗ ِﺗ1 H ِ 튀1 ِ H ِैH 1 콠
콠 콠 1 콠ै ِ 11 H11 Ɲ
ِ1ﺗ1 튀s11 ƿ ِﺗ1 H ِैH ƿ1
s 1 1ِ⏠11 ِ 11 1䁕퀀11 1 1Ɲ 11
1 튀 ِs ِĉ 1 ِ
콠1 Ɲ 1 ِ 11 1
1 1ِैH ﺗH ِ 1 1 ِ 1콠ĉ ﺗ 1 1ِ⏠11 Ɲ ﺗƝĉHs1
ĉ11 Ɲ 11 튀ै ﺗH ِ ِ 1 ِH ِ ﺗ1 H 1ِ 퀀
1 ِैH11 1 1Ɲ11 H ِ 11 ِ Ɲ Ɲ 콠ĉ ﺗ1 ِ 1 Dž ِ ِ1 ै
Ɲ ै1 ِ ِĉ 11 ِ Ɲ ِƳ1
ِ ƝƗِ11 1 ِ 튀 ै ƿ 1 ِ ĉ ﺗ퀀 ⏠ ै 1 ⏠
ِ ِHs ĉ 1 ِ H ƿ1 s1 H11 콠 ِ 1 튀1H튀1 1 콠 튀ĉ ﺗ1 ِैﺗ
ƝH11 ِ ِ ِ ِﺗ ِﺗ1 H 튀H 1 ِ ِ 1 1 ƝैƳﺗ
ِ ِ Ɲﺗ
ِ H Ɲ ِ H Ɲ1 1ِ ƝैƳﺗ
ِ 1 s 1ِ 콠ै ﺗ1 s1 H11 ِ ِ 1ِ
Ɲ⏠ s튀1 1 ِs 1콠1Hs1 1 Ɲ ﺗ1ِ Ɲ ै ƿ
ِ 튀 ै ِै 1 ِ ِ ِﺗƝ Hﺗ ِ 튀 퀀 ै1 ĉ11 䁕 퀀 1 ِs Ď 11
1 1 퀀 11 Hs1 s ِ ِ ﺗ
H ِ 1 튀1 ِ ِ ै 튀H1 11 콠11 ِĉ 11 11Ɲ11 ƝƳ 퀀
ِ ِĉ 11 1 ِैH11 H 튀ैﺗ ِ 1 ِ 1ِ 1Ɲ ै1 콠1 ِĉ 11 1 ﺗ ﺗ11
ِै 1 ƿ ِ ै ِH1 1 1ै1
Ɲ ै1
ِ 콠sै1 ِ H 1 H ِ ै1 튀ैﺗ
ِ 1 ِ⏠ 1 ƝHƳ11 ƞ ƝHƳ ِ1ِH
ِﺗ1 튀ै ِ ِ ﺗ 11 H 1
ِ 1 콠 콠Ƴ11 sِै11 ै1 ِĉ ﺗH
ِĉ ƞH 1 ĉ 11 ِ 콠sै1 s1 H11
ِ ِ ĉै1
튀⏠H ِ ै1 ِ 1ﺗƝ ﺗ11 ِ⏠ ै1 1 1ِैH11
H 1 ﺗ1 11 ِ 1䁕ِ Ɲﺗ
1 ﺗH ﺗ11 ِ1 ै1 1 Ɲ⏠ s11
ِِ ĉ
牡汯 9
s ﺗ ﺗ1 ﺗ1 , ैِ ﺗ ĉ H ﺗ11 1 1 1 1 1 ै 11
1ै11 ै ﺗ, ै 튀 ِ Ɲ H11 s Ɲ1 ﺗ1ِH1ِ ĉ ⏠ ﺗHs ﺗ튀
H ǁ1 1Ďs11 , 콠 Ɲﺗ ै튀 ِ 1 1 11
ِﺗ튀1Ƴ ै ﺗ1ƞ s ĉ ِ ﺗ11 o
ǐِ 11 튀 1 1 1 1 1 11 o
ِ 튀ै ⏠H ِ 1 s 1 o
⏠ 콠 콠 ﺗƿ o
튀ै ⏠Hsِ ﺗ1 콠 튀ैै1 ِH s Hĉ o
1 ĉ ĉ 11 ǐِ 11 ِ1 1ِ ĉ 1ِ Ɲ ِ1H ﺗƿ 튀ĉ11 1 ِ s 1 o
1
Ƴ 11 , ِ HHƿ1 , ِ 11 1 튀ै , Ƴ 콠 1 11 ƝH o
콠 H H1ِ ِ 11 ƝH1 11 Ɲ ِै11 ِ 튀ै1ِH 1䁕ِै 11 ِ 1 1 ĉĉ 11 ِ1 ै1 1 Ɲ1 1
콠 ǐِ 11 1 1 Ɲ1 ﺗH11 ِ ِ H11 ِैﺗ 1ِ ĉ 11 콠1 1 ِH
1ِ1 1 ِ
ĉƿ 1Ɲ1 ĉ H1 1 s Ɲ1 H ﺗƿ
ǐ ﺗ ĉ ِ ﺗ11 Ƴ 1 ैﺗ1
1 콠ै 1 ै 1 1 튀ै 1 ِ 1 , s ै ƝH ै H ِ H ƿِ 1 1ِ 11 ǐِ 1ِ 퀀 튀 Ɲ1 1
Ƴ1 s 11 ै ⏠Hs ƿ 콠ĉHै s Ɲ1 ِH , ƞ 1 , 콠 Ɲ 1
, s ĉ ĉ Ɲै1 1 1 ِ 1 , ِ111 1콠11 1 튀 H Ɲ 1 , 1콠ैH
콠 H H1ِ , ِ 튀 ﺗƿ s 튀 1 , ِ 튀 Hĉ ĉ ƝैH1 1 1 튀
, ĉ11 ĉ 1 ِ1 s Ɨِ s Ɲ1 ﺗ1 ِ 1 , Ɲ Dž 콠 콠 s 1 ƞ ĉ튀
ﺗ 11 ĉ 콠H ﺗ, 퀀sH ƿِ Ɲ H 1 ِ 1 콠 11 H11 1 1 튀 1 ِ 1
튀 ै11 ĉ ĉ 11 s 1
s Ƴ ِ 튀ĉ
9 ैl
ِ s 1 Ɲ H 1 ै ِ1 ैs 11 ै11 1 ِ 1ِ 퀀1ِH ِ 1 ِ 튀1 1
1 튀ैH ِ ِs H 11 Hs1 1 ⏠1 ƿ ِ ِs 1 ﺗ ِ ﺗƿ Ɲ ِ 111 1 1
ِĉH ƿ1 ⏠11ِ Ɲ1 1 1Ɲ H ,ِ ِ11 Ɲ1튀1 콠 ƿ ِ1 ِ 1 ِ 1 1ِs ِ⏠
1
ǐِ 11 Ɲै ِ 1 Ɲ H 콠 1 콠 11 ِH ِ 1ِ⏠튀 ِ ِै 콠 11 ैै ِs 1 1
ƿ H ِ ﺗƿِै 1 ِ H 1 H11 ِ 1 ِ 1콠 ِ 1 Ɲै 1 Ɲ1 1 ِ콠
H11 튀 Ɲै 1 ै ِ1 Ɲ1 1 ِ ِै ِH ِ 1 Ɲ 1 H11 s 1 Ɲs1
1 Ɲ H 1 1 ِ1 ƿ 11 Ɲ ِ1 튀 콠 1 H ƿ1 s ِ 1Ďs11 1 1
Ɲ 퀀 ِ 1 ِ 1Ɲ1 1 H ǐِ 11 콠 ِ 튀1 콠ै 1 H DžƝ 11 Ɲ1
ِ Hै1 1 퀀111 1 1 1 튀 11 Ɲ ƿ1 Ɲ1
1Ɲ ﺗ ِﺗ1 Ɲ ِH ِƳ1 ِ Ɲ1H 1
s Ɲ ै
1ِै11 Ɲ Hﺗ
l lै 潄l
1콠 ِ H1 H11 ِ H튀 ै s1 튀 ِ ِ 11 11 ِ ƝैH1 ِ 1 1 ِ 1 ﺗ ِ ِ ﺗƝ
Ď1 H 1ِ 11 1ƞ 1 1Ɲ 콠 ِ 튀ैﺗ
ِ1ِ ƝƳ 1 Ď 11 ِ 1ƞ 1 Ɲ ĉ⏠ 11 Ɲ ै 1 11 ِ ĉ⏠ 1 ِ 1퀀H 콠
ِ ِs 1 콠 Ɲ ﺗƿ 콠 콠 ِ ै ِ 11콠1H 1 1 ِ 콠11 ِ 1 ƝH 1 Ɲ H 11 H Ɲ ƝH ﺗ
ِ 1 Ɲ1H 11 ِ ِ 튀HِƳ1 H 1 ैƝ1ِ 콠ĉ11 콠1Hs ﺗ튀
1ĉ 1 1ِ 1 1 튀1 1 ِ1H 1 ِ 1ِ ِH H ƿ1 ﺗ11 ِ1 ैِ 콠 Ɲ 1 H11 1 1
11 sH1 ĉH ِ ĉ ĉ ﺗ1 1 H11 퀀 ै1 H ِ 콠 ِ1 ِ Ɲ⏠H ِ 11 H
ِ1 1Ɲ H ِ H ِ1H ƿ 1Ɲ1 1ِ ِﺗH H ƿ1 ǁ1
1 1 Ƴ1 1 ِ1H 1 ِ Ɲ ै Ɲ1 ِ H Ɲ H 1ِH11 ِ 爀 콠 H H 1ِ 1 1 튀1 ƿ
ِ H 1 1 H ै 1 ِH ِ H ِ H Ɲ1 ِ ِﺗ ƝH H
ِ 1 1콠 1 ِ ĉĉ ِ 튀H 콠ैH ِ ﺗ1퀀 ِ ै 콠 1 ِ ِ 1 Ɲ1ै1 1 11 ǁ1 ِ ĉ ِ1 1Ɲ1 1H ِ 튀H
ِ 튀 Ɨ ै ِ ﺗ1ِ Ɨ ِै 튀 Ɲ1 H ƞH ِ ﺗ ِ ﺗ콠 HH ِ 콠ĉHै ﺗH11 ِH 11
ِ ैƝِ ﺗs Ɲ 1Ɲ ﺗ콠 ƝH ِ 콠
1䁕ِ 11 콠 1 1 1 퀀ै11 ِ ƝH11 Ɲ 1 ﺗHƳH ِ ِ1 1 1ƝĉH 1 1 ﺗ튀 11 Ɲ11
ِ 1ِ⏠1 11 ै11 1 ِ ƝH ƿ1 콠 11 콠 ِĉH11 튀 Ɲ 1 H1ِ 콠 1콠ĉH1 튀 Ɲ1 ِ 튀
1
ِﺗ콠 1 1Ɲ ƿ ै 11 1Ɲ H ƿ1 콠ĉH튀1 ƝƳ11 Ɲ 11 11 ِ 콠1 ِ 1 콠ै ै Ɲ1 11
1튀 ِ ِH H ƿ1 ِ ै11
ِĉ ै 콠1 ै11
ِ 1ِ 1 ِ H 1 콠1Ɲ 1 1 ِ 콠ĉHै ै 1Ɲ튀1 ِ1H 1 ِ 1 ِ1 Ɲ
H Hs ै 1 콠11 ै1 ِ Hﺗ
ِH H ैِ ﺗ ِĉ1 1 ĉ H 11 ِ 11 爀 ِH Ď1 ِH H 1ƞ 1 콠 Ɲِﺗ1 튀 1
ĉ 콠 1 ِ Ɲ
1 爀 ِ111 1 퀀 튀 Ɲ1 Ɲ1H ﺗ ै ﺗǐ ِ1 Ɲ H 11 튀 Ɨ 1 ै11
ِ H튀 1 ﺗH11 s 11 1 Ƴ ﺗƿ Ɲ 1 콠 11 1 콠 1
ِैH Hs1 1ِ1 튀 ِ ﺗ1 ﺗ ِ ƗैِH ै1 튀 튀ै ﺗƝ 1 ﺗƿ ِ ﺗ1 콠 ƿ Ɲ ै11
ैِ ﺗ Hै 1 ِ ِ1콠1Hs1
ِĉ ƿ ِ 콠1 Ɲ111 ƿ 11 ैs ƿ 콠ĉ ǁ1 ِﺗ콠 1
1 H ِ ै 1
튀ै 11 1
튀ैƳ11 콠1 ِ1ِƗ 1 1 ِ 1 ِ H ِ 1 ِ 1 튀ै1 콠 ﺗ
ِ ﺗ ِ1ِ⏠11 Ɲ ैِ ﺗ1 1 ِ 1 ِ 1 튀ै1 Ɲ⏠ﺗ sِ111
ِ Ɲ ै 1 ِ ﺗ1 1 1 1 11 Hﺗ ِﺗ1ِ H 1
Ɲ 111
Hِ 1 ِs H 1 11 1콠ĉ ِ1 ِ H