SMART HOME

SMART HOME

"MAKE YOUR LIFE EASIER"

ALIA NAJIHAH NUR ASYIKIN NURAIN

NURINA BATRISYIA MUHAMAD HAFZHAN AZIM



BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONS.)
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND
SURVEYING, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SELANGOR,

CAWANGAN SHAH ALAM

BQS554: BUILDING SERVICES II

PREPARED BY

ALIA NAJIHAH BINTI AZMI 2021505481
2021117279
MUHAMAD HAFZHAN AZIM 2021504917
BIN AHMAD FAUZI 2021117547
2021393219
NUR ASYIKIN BINTI ROSLEE

NURAIN BINTI IBRAHIM

NURINA BATRISYIA BINTI
ANUAR

PREPARED FOR

DR. SITI NOR AZNIZA BINTI AHMAD
SEKAK

CLASS AP2244C

content...

1.0 INTRODUCTION
2.0
3.0 PAGE 1
4.0
5.0 APPLICATION

OF SYSTEM PAGE 2

INSTALLATION

PROCESS PAGE 11

BENEFITS

VS PROBLEMS?

PAGE 18

PAGE 27 SERVICE 5.0
FUNCTION 6.0
7.0
SPACE 8.0
9.0
IMPLICATION &

PAGE 33 PRINCIPLE

BUILDING

REGULATION

PAGE 40

CONCLUSION

PAGE 44

REFERENCE

PAGE 45

INTRODUCTION

-high technology

with smart home-

A smart home system is a high technology The emergence of such a system is the
system that allows us to combine all result of a natural and understandable desire
communications into one and put it under the to increase safety, comfort, and economy in
control of artificial intelligence, programmable every second of daily life. We can control
and customizable to all needs and wishes of smart homes from any platform, such as a
the owner. The term “SMART HOME” is the smartphone, a PC, or a computer. We can
integration of technology and services open entrance gates with the help of smart
through home networking for a better quality home technology.
of living. It uses different technologies to
equip home parts for more intelligent Following that, we can control the light in
monitoring and remote control and enabling the house and on the territory, and the light
them for influential harmonic interaction can be ignited, reacting to the approach of
among them such that the everyday house people, and turning off when they are
works and activities are automated without removed. With the help of smart homes, we
user intervention or with the remote control can remotely monitor our homes, for
of the user in an easier, more convenient, example, while on vacation, and control
more efficient, safer, and less expensive way. devices. At its core, the implementation of
IoT plays an important role in building a smart smart home technology is all about helping to
home. Through IoT, almost every object of ensure the highest level of comfort for
our daily life in a home can be connected to homeowners while also helping to conserve
the Internet. IoT allows monitoring and resources like natural gas and electricity over
controlling all of these connected objects time.
regardless of time and location.
By utilizing the intelligent control system,
There are many different types of home we are constantly keeping our finger on the
control systems, including heating, ventilation, pulse of all the systems in our home. In this
and air conditioning systems, lighting systems, task, we only choose 5 systems which are fire
electric systems, fire protection, security and fighting system, electrical system, mechanical
monitoring systems, and others. A smart handling system, mechanical ventilation
home is a collection of electronic systems system, and special handling system to
that make our lives at home safer and more propose in our multi-story smart home.
comfortable. It displays the status of all
engineering systems at home and allows us to 1
manage them easily.

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

fire fighting special building
system? services?

electrical
system?

mechanical
ventilation system?

mechanical handling
system?

2

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

2.1 Fire

Fighting

System

A smart smoke detector is one of the Some of these systems can also turn on
latest innovations of technology for the lights and provide directions on what
fire safety. It is a small device of a to do if there is a fire.
smoke detector like the traditional
smoke detector, but it is much better This small device also can be attached to
compared to the traditional one a camera to record footage of the fire.
because it can send you alert Therefore, the location of the fire's start
messages to your smartphone as can be analyzed. In case the device is
soon as it detects smoke and heat. It run out of battery, it will send you a
may also be linked to your home notification on your smartphone. This will
security system and monitored by a allow you to charge it right away rather
central station, alerting you and the than getting a low-battery alert in the
fire service in the event of an alarm. middle of the night. Google Nest Protect
is one best smart smoke detectors
When smoke particles are detected overall.
in the air, your air handling systems
can be turned off to assist prevent
the spread of smoke while people
safely escape the area.

3

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

2.2 Electrical
System

An electrical system that to be
proposed in the multi-smart home
consisting of four type of devices.
Below are an overview on the
application of the proposed building
services for the new multi-smart
home

Figure 2.2.1: Smart GFCI Circuit Breaker.

2.2.1 Smart Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Circuit Breaker

Firstly, to be stated, the circuit breaker is a device that is mostly used
during this current time to secure an electrical circuit from damages
caused by the system overload which suitably to be applied in the multi-
smart home rather than using the standard usual device; a fuse box. GFCI
is a type of circuit breaker system that is commonly used at home which it
is functions as a measure to avoid any such incidents; electric shock.
GFCI circuit breaker specialized in preventing any of the events involving
an electrical device coming in contact with water.

4

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

Figure 2.2.2: Solar PV System at TNB Energy 2.2.2 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System
Services This is a smart system being
implemented for home application
2.2.3 Electric Water Pump (EWP) after the traditional solar panels where
It is a form of device or system that is it is designed to generate electricity
powered up by an electric motor to allow the from the Sun. A solar photovoltaic
water flow for the applied building. To put it system enables the combination of
in another way, the home water supply will inverter and other electrical
be depending on the electricity to run the equipment to supply electricity.
water continuously into the house. Currently,
due to the modern technological devices, a Figure 2.2.3: Electrical Water Pump.
lot of smart households seemingly use an
electric water pump as their home services.

2.2.4 Smart Switches Figure 2.2.4: Smart Switches.
A type of switch that can be functioned
smartly rather than using a standard
traditional switches. Smart switches can
control the usage of lights, fans and other
home devices which in command by the
smartphone app via a remote control by
connecting to the Wi-Fi network and also
possible by following the voice command.

5

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

The incorporation of wireless
technologies into building control
promises to significantly simplify wiring
requirements, resulting in lower
maintenance complexity and setup costs.

The integrated system that controls
compatible electrical home appliances in
a building is known as building
automation. Several automated functions
can be performed by simply
programming the necessary controllers. It
is possible to manage all of the building's
subsystems by implementing proper
network configuration.

2.3 Special Aside from remote monitoring and

Service System control, automated buildings ensure that

A building automation system (BAS) is a the devices in a building use as little
network that connects and automates
certain functions within a structure. All of energy as possible.
the building's control systems are linked
via a single set of controls. Building Energy efficiency means using less
automation systems are put in place to
improve people's comfort and security energy to achieve the desired level of
while consuming less energy.
comfort. Minimizing equipment operating

times helps to reduce energy

consumption and additional costs. This

system application will be used for the

ventilation, air conditioning, lighting, and

firefighting systems. 6

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

2.4 Mechanical However, installing a system that is
faster, more convenient, and takes into
Handling account those with impairments and
mobility issues is a better idea. Within,
System? around, and in general relation to modern
structures and developments,
First and foremost, choosing the correct mechanical transportation may be found.
building design and materials is a vital In simpler words, a mechanical handling
component of the construction process. system functions as moves materials
Hence, before implementing some new from one location to another, either for
objects into the construction, one must handling goods or for handling people.
consider the foundation and numerous
natural components. Wood (2014) a Professor of Architecture
at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT)
When designing multi-story buildings, and Executive Director of the Council on
considering how people will go from one Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats
floor to the next is a must. Normally, (CTBUH), explains that advancements in
stairs are the choice. elevators over the last 20 years are
probably the most significant advances in

all buildings.

Indeed, today, we

can notice that most

tall buildings have

escalators, and

some houses even

have escalators

built into them.

7

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

As a consequence, we decided to This home elevator is powered by a
implement the electric motor drive sophisticated electric motor drive system
elevator system for this multi-storey that is very silent and is situated at the
smart home proposed. The idea for this top of the lift, out of sight, and plugs
type of hydraulic elevator is came from a directly into a conventional power socket,
story by Mrs. Ojeda from United States. just like any other household equipment.
Mrs. Ojeda's elderly parents moved in Thus, this elevator uses twin rail
with her so she could care for them, yet technology, which is a self-supporting
they immediately realised they needed a structure that places no additional weight
practical method to securely carry them load on the home
between levels, since the stairs were
getting problematic. Mrs. Ojeda chose an
elevator company named Stiltz Duo Vista
Home Elevator after doing some
research and ruling out an old-fashioned
stair lift. Mrs. Ojeda picked a “Stiltz Duo
Vista Home Elevator” type of elevator
after conducting research and ruled out a
traditional stair lift(Stiltz, n.d.).

The electric motor drive elevator, as 8
previously said, is one-of-a-kind and an
inventive home elevator that can be put
practically in any place in the house. The
elevator is unlike any other traditional
home elevator on the market since it
does not require hydraulics or to be
mounted on walls.

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

2.5 Mechanical

Ventilation System?

Smart ventilation is a process to Nowadays, air conditioning is used
continually adjust the ventilation system in many commercial buildings and
in time, and optionally by location, to homes, and the energy required by
provide the desired IAQ benefits while the system can be quite significant in
minimizing energy consumption, utility hot weather. Reduced energy
bills and other non-IAQ costs. A smart consumption for an air-conditioning
ventilation system adjusts ventilation system while maintaining the same
rates in time or by location in a building air quality benefits both the user and
to be responsive to one or more of the the environment.
following: occupancy, outdoor thermal The Energy Recovery Ventilator
and air quality conditions, electricity grid (ERV) is a relatively new method
needs, direct sensing of contaminants, that has recently garnered attention
operation of other air moving and air due to its long-term usage,
cleaning systems dependable continuous operation,
and low energy consumption. An
energy recovery ventilator, or ERV,
is a device that allows a home to
maintain air flowing while lowering
energy consumption. An ERV
constantly exchanges heat between
the heated air exiting and the cooler,
healthier air entering from the
outside.

9

APPLICATION
OF SYSTEM

For this propose multi-storey smart Wall Mounted Energy Recovery
home the types of ventilation that we (ERV) enables air exchange and
choose is the Mechanical Ventilation filtration for separate space, improving
which is Wall Mount Energy Recovery indoor oxygen concentration and
Ventilator (ERV). The reason for obviously not only that, ERV makes
choosing ERV is because to your living space healthier and
maintained the indoor air quality in comfortable, but saves bill.
every home. Consider an Energy
Recovery Ventilator (ERV) as a
clever, cost-effective alternative for
humidification. ERV may be a
valuable tool to anybody wanting to
enhance indoor air quality (IAQ).

Wall mount ERV are a great option for
rooms, basement and apartments that
do not have a ceiling space, or for
retro fitting into buildings that have air
quality and dampness issues and
need ventilation. Rooms that have no
windows or windows that cannot be
opened due to security, noise, light or
poor outdoor air quality.

10

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

STEP BY STEP

UNDERSTAND THE
INSTALLATION!

11

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.1 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

SMART SMOKE DETECTOR

1 Always turn off the electricity at the main breaker before doing any
electrical work.

Using the app, program each smoke and CO detector according to the 2
instructions. Each one may be labelled according to the room description
(kitchen, living room, bedroom).

3 Using a flathead screwdriver, remove the old smoke detector from the
ceiling. Keep the screws so you may reuse them on the new plates.

Use a wire nut to cover the current connection wire since it will no longer 4
be needed.

5 Connect the manufacturer's pigtail to the power source in the residence. Use
a wire nut to secure it.

Using the flathead screwdriver and the existing screws, attach the new 6
mounting plate to the electrical box.

7 Insert the smoke and CO detector into the mounting bracket
after plugging it in.

Repeat the same steps for all rooms in the house. 8

9 Turn the power back on and test each device using the “test” button.
12

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

The process of installing the proposed electrical services for the multi-smart home
as explained below:

3.2.1 Smart Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Circuit Breaker

1. The installation of this smart circuit breaker eventually same with ordinary circuit breaker. Firstly,
place or locate the input line at the upper position while the output line is being placed at the lower
position.
2. Secondly, fix the lower point of the incoming lines at the lower position as mentioned previously
in the first step.
3. Thirdly, by using the smartphone, smart tablet or computer, install the application that will be
connecting the circuit breaker with those devices.
4. Lastly, after downloading of the application has been done, pair the used device to the circuit
breaker (as a normal pairing like connecting a Bluetooth or Wi-Fi) and proceed with setting up the
automatic operation.

3.2.2 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System

1.Install the mounts according to the suitable 4.After electrical wiring has been connected, the
selection or preferences as a support system system need to be connected to a solar inverter
for the solar panels. The installation of the and proceed with connecting the solar inverter
mounts is required to be slightly 18˚ or 36˚ of and solar battery.
inclination. 5.Connect the solar inverter to the grid by fixing a
2.Then, continue the installation process with normal plug to the main power switch board. From
fixing the solar panels to the mounting the connection that has been made, an output
structure. The solar panels shall be wire that fixed to the electric board will supply the
tightening closely to the mounting structure electricity at home.
by using the bolts and nuts for keeping the 6.As the last step of installation process, switch on
sturdiness and stability of whole structure. the solar inverter and solar panel may be started
3.Fix and manage the connection of to function.
electrical wiring with two types of
connections; series connection and parallel 13
connection.

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

3.2.3 Smart Switches

1.First and foremost, it is must to power of the circuit breaker for the safety preventive before
installing smart switches.
2.Secondly, install the smart switch by attaching all the wires according to its designated spots.
3.Thirdly, do make sure that after attaching all the wires, it is being fixed tightly and continue to the
installation of switches wall plate.
4.Last but not least, set up the smart switches by downloading the smart switches’ application in
order to pair up with the devices; mobile phone and other type of gadget. After that, all the setting up
has completed, the smart switches able to be controlled with the app or voice command such as
Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant.

3.2.4 Electric Water Pump (EWP) 3.Thirdly, it is necessary to build a suitable space
or secure box for placing the electric water pump
1.Firstly, it is important to make a proper to keep it from any form of damages or theft. After
preparation in terms of the equipment and a space of electric water pump has been
tools needed for the installation of electric completed, the main water pipes shall be
water pump. In addition, the area of house connected to join with the water pump house in
also need to be considered before the preparation of the installation process.
proceed with the works. 4.Fourth, establish the electric wires in order to
2.Secondly, install the plug for the selected link the plug with the water pump. Normally, as for
pump. As the water pump was chosen based the safety measures of household, the wires
on electric type and will be fully relied on required to be laid down at underground area.
electricity, it shall be installed at a spot; small 5.Fifth, has all step one until four has been done,
distance only from the area of water pump the electric water pump will be installed and it will
being installed. be connected to the electric cables and water
pipes.

14

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.3 SPECIAL BUILDING SYSTEM

1 Install an app 2 For wired
named home
assistance in the connection,
computer or connecting your
smartphone. computer straight

to your network.




3 For wireless, you'll
need to plug the 4 Enter the URL of
micro-SD card back the smart home
in your computer or which can be found
smartphone and in the smart
connect to Wi-Fi. technology.

5 Communicated to
home assistant by
turning on or off
through computer
or smartphone.

15

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.4 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

1. Make a hole, remove the wall, and drill the ceiling and wall of each floor where the
elevator will be installed.
2. Install the lift support around the drilled area once it has been drilled.
3. Install the dual rail electric motor drive machine and connect it to the nearest electric
circuit.
4. Place the machine on the reach floor's highest point. Next, install the lift car on the dual
rail and insert the top cover on the lift car.
5. Connect the wires needed by moving the machine down on top of the lift car.
6. Tighten all screws connecting the lift support and lift cover for safety.
7. Make the elevator inside more appealing. Inside the lift car, place some necessary items.
8. Examine and analyse all of the elevator's connections, such as wires.
9. Attach the bottom cover and another lift support to the lift's left and right sides.
Human testing is number ten.

16

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

3.5 MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM

1. Remove the ventilator assembly, which contains the inbuilt ventilator, electrical harness, and

other extraneous components.

2. On the Bard Wall Mount unit, remove the existing external blower, filter, and vent access panels.

Blower and filter access panels should be kept, however the ventilation option access panel should

be discarded.

3. Remove two screws from the left side of the unit to remove and save the existing unit return air

filter and left side filter support bracket. Remove the top four screws from the front grille and keep

them. The exhaust cover plate should be removed and discarded.

4. Install the ventilator by inserting it to the far left side of the machine, clearing the right filter

bracket. Slide the ventilator to the right until it is snug on the rear of the control panel once it is fully

placed

5. To gain access to the unit's low voltage terminal block, open the control panel. (Before opening

the control panel, make sure all power is turned off.) Four (4) low voltage electrical lines should be

routed into the low voltage box through the 7/8" bushing in the control panel.

6. Connect leads with fork terminals to matching locations on terminal strip to terminals C, R, G,

and A or O1 depending on whether the heat pump or air conditioner is being used.

7. Remove the female connector of the high voltage wire harness from the heat recover assembly

and place it in the hole supplied on the inside of the unit control panel. Connect the wire to the

terminal block. Replace the inner and outer control panel covers and insert the male connection

from the ERVF assembly into the female connector at the rear of the control panel.

8. Reattach the blower and filter access panels to the top of the device with sheet metal screws.

Replace the access panel for the vent option with the replacement panel provided. Using the

screws provided, secure the air intake hood. To prevent the service door from bending, make sure

the top flange of the air intake hood is inserted into and through the slot in the service door, as well

as between the door and the insulation.

9. Apply the Certification label that came with the installation instructions next to the unit Serial

Plate, and the Ventilator is now ready to use. 17

BENEFITS
VS

PROBLEMS

18

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.1 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

benefits SMART SMOKE DETECTOR

problems?!

Ø Ability to Detect Fires Faster Ø High cost

A smart smoke detector has the benefit Even though a smart smoke detector

of being able to detect a fire considerably is very useful to be installed at our

faster than a regular smoke detector. A home, it is several times expensive

basic smoke detector detects instances compared to traditional smoke

in which there is excessive smoke in a detector. This is because it can detect

room. Smart smoke detectors go a step smoke, carbon monoxide, heat and

further by detecting whether a room is humidity unlike traditional smoke

too hot or has undergone a significant detector. The advanced the features,

temperature spike. the higher the cost.

Ø Notifications and Alert Services Ø Need to be replaced
With the smart smoke detector, it can Smart smoke detector also needs to
send warnings and alarms to various be replaced once it had reach
parties as long as he installed the app maximum life span. Normally the life
and connected it. This smart smoke span of smart smoke detector is ten
detector is linked to the app and it will years. Smart smoke alarms also
send notification immediately if a fire susceptible to failure. There is a 30%
occurs. The best thing about smart chance of failure before replacement
technology is even if the owners are not in ten years. Although replacing
at home, anybody with an app connected alarms after ten years protects against
to the smart smoke detector will be able the risk of failure, monthly testing is
to receive a signal when a fire is still the best way to ensure that your
occurring. alarm is still function.

19

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

SMART GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER (GFCI) CIRCUIT BREAKER

benefits problems?!

Very good in preventing an electrical The installation and repairing cost
failures. Rather than using an ordinary is very expensive. A smart circuit
breaker or fuse box, smart circuit breaker is more complicated to be
breaker providing better safety in terms installed, maintained and repaired.
of its application from such defects; The result is due to many wiring
overloading or underloading and short inside the circuit breaker required a
circuit. careful and meticulous steps to be
Enable to control from a far distance. followed.
This type of technology being upgraded Potentially to be failure. This is
where the usage of circuit breaker can because a circuit breaker has a
be controller although the users are slower electricity reaction to the
away from their home. It easy to be electronic appliances which this will
controlled by the application that being drive to the high possibility of the
installed in their smart gadget. breaker failed to function properly.
Enable to monitor the data usage of
circuit breaker. Somehow there will be
a default in this kind of device then
smart circuit breaker that being
implemented currently able to help users
keep track and check the data usage if
there is any form of problems to the
breakers.
Reducing the usage of energy. Smart

circuit breaker is very efficient in terms 20
of reducing user’s usage on the
electrical usage which this could save
their money in bill payment.

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM

benefits problems?!

Environmentally friendly. As the new Less resilience. Application of this
multi-storey smart home is basically like system does not provide an
intelligent type of house, solar PV adequate to its resiliency as it is easy
system is very better in providing the to be damaged by the lighting strike,
clean energy which enable to achieve raining or other possible
the objective on having more green circumstances.
residential building. Require spending an additional
Able to save the electricity bill. cost. This is due to the result of solar
According to Lee, J., & Shepley, M. M. PV system need its own inverters
(2020), solar PV system eventually help and storage batteries. Without those
the users on saving their money to pay items, solar PV system unable to
the electricity bill as this type of convert the electricity directly and the
technology is using the conversion of power supply would be disturbed.
energy from the Sun to generate the Intermittency issues. As already
supply of electricity at home. stated, solar energy is basically
Easy to install. This type of technology depending on electricity conversion
does not require a complicated from the Sun and it cannot
installation process only by laying down continuously be available to provide
the panels on the rooftops and fix other an electrical supply to the users
installation requirements, then it will be mostly during night-time and
done quickly without any interference. inclement weather.

21

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

ELECTRIC WATER PUMP (EWP)

benefits problems?!

Enable to manage the pressure of Unpredictably disturbance of
water. Water pump could help the users water supply. As this type of water
to control the pressure of water as it flow pump is depending on the electrical
through to home by the entrance water energy, there will be a disturbance of
pipes. water supply at home as an
Available in various models and unpredictable event such as blackout
sizes. Electric water pumps have the happened. If the electricity went off,
high availability in various models and then automatically the electric water
offers a different sizes according to the pump will be stopped to flow the
suitability of injecting area. water to the house.

Easy to be damaged. If the users

fail to keep its maintenance and

unable to have a proper usage, then

they will be losing the water supply

as the parts in water pumps can be

easily break down.

22

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

benefits SMART SWITCHES

problems?!

Convenience to be used. The Compatibility issues with devices. As
installation of smart switches brings an the switches based on the smart internet
accessibility to the homeowners as of things and relying with the Wi-Fi
turning the appliances on and off can be connection, the devices might be
utilized even from a far distance as long possible to have issues when pairing up
there is a Wi-Fi connected to the smart to the smart switches. The devices and

gadget that functioned as a controller. smart switches could be unable to be
Can be adjusted according to the compatible together.
atmosphere. Smart switches can be Ineffectiveness once the technology
advantages in terms of providing good fails. This is due too much dependency
ambiance such as; increase the on following the current implementation
brightness of lighting during daytime and of smart technology (internet) and users
decrease it during the night-time. can be in the state of being incapable to
Multi-device integration. It is a good help once the switches unable to turn off
thing where the application of smart all the home appliances or services.
switches could also provide an
additional or special services which it
enable to be programmed with
automatic features. For instance, the
lightning and ceiling fans or air-
conditioner automatically switch on
during the arrival of homeowners.

23

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.3 SPECIAL BUILDING SERVICES

benefits problems?!

Reduce energy cost Susceptibility to cyber-attacks
Building automation makes it easy to A hacker who gains control of smart building
adjust system settings and monitor your systems has the ability to shut down HVAC
energy consumption. You can even and electricity systems, prohibit access to a
improve your LEED rating, which can building, interfere with computer or
help you establish a green, sustainable processing systems, and steal data.
business.

Improve comfort
Building automation can improve
occupant comfort levels by adjusting
lighting and temperature is made easy,
which is highly beneficial to the health of
user.

24

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.4 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE ELEVATOR

benefits problems?!

Small Footprint Cost
The smallest footprint of any elevator on The lift is supported by two parallel and
the market, covering less than 6 square vertical guides — a self-supporting
feet of floor space. framework.

Quiet Travel Low Speed
There are no noisy hydraulics or The maximum speed is 5.9 inches per
vacuum systems since it is powered by second which is not too fast for the
a quiet electric self-contained motor. person who cannot wait.

Fast Installation Controls
Elevators are made up of modular Need to hold the wireless remote
pieces that require only one day to controls. Not suitable for the person who
install. cannot hold the remote.

Economical to use
Like any other significant appliance, it
plugs into a regular dedicated 220v
power outlet.

Controls
Uses wireless remote controls.

Unique Dual Rail System
The lift is supported by two parallel and
vertical guides — a self-supporting
framework.

Compact Drive System
Out of sight, at the top of the lift.

25

BENEFITS VS PROBLEMS

4.5 MECHANICAL VENTILATION
SYSTEM

benefits problems?!

After you’ve asked, “how does an ERV If there are benefits to this technology, it will
work?” you’ll likely want to know about all also have drawbacks that the owner may
the great benefits you can gain by encounter. There are only a few drawbacks
incorporating one into your home. ERVs when using this technology, one of which is
provide a host of advantages to the cost. Wall-mounted ERVs are not cheap
homeowners of a smart home. This is to operate, purchase, or install, and
because this technology is ideal for people installation can be more expensive than the
or homes with elderly or children who want ERV itself. If you do everything yourself, you
to ensure that they always have good indoor should be able to recoup your costs in five
air quality. years (when comparing ERV performance to
Consider these benefits: open windows). If you hire someone to do it,
you'll have to pay for supplies, labour, and
Your indoor air will be fresh, comfortable an additional 10% to 25% in heating and
and healthy, as toxins, pollutants, and cooling costs.
more are all mitigated and removed
Allergy and asthma triggers will be 26
eliminated, allowing everyone in your
home or office to breathe easier
regardless of the season. You’ll feel
better, and even sleep better
Room-to-room climates will be more
consistent, making for a more
comfortable space
You’ll have to dust less often, which is
something everyone appreciates!
You’ll be able to better control pet odors,
bathroom odors, cooking odors, and
more

FUNCTION

operate in a
particular way.




27

FUNCTION

5.1 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

SMART SMOKE FETECTOR

Internet of Things (IoT) and technology making our life becomes easier. Nowadays everyone
used internet to search for information, communicate with anyone, as navigation and others. As
for Smart smoke detector, it does benefit us in term of fire safety. With the Wi-Fi or equivalent
communication technologies, it will communicate through your smartphone app send
notification as soon as it detects smoke or heat.
If you have many smart smoke detectors connected, even if just one is triggered, they should all
sound an alert. Furthermore, the notice from your smart home hub can assist you in
determining which alarm has been activated. By installing this small device at our home, it can
save of life from fire. The modern the technology, the safer the life. If a mother left his child at
home, she does not need to worry in case fire exist at home even she was not at home.
Therefore, spending our money on a Smart smoke detector is very useful.

28

FUNCTION

5.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

As we have mentioned the smart technologies Figure 5.2 Example diagram of the connection
that intend to be proposed for a new multi- Smart GFCI Breaker and Solar PV System.
storey smart home at the previous sections, we
found it is very necessary to understand on In addition, the third modern technology as the
connecting and locating the services accurately. smart multi-storey home services is Electric
It is to ensure that all the technology being Water Pump (EWP) and we propose for it to be
installed able to execute its own provision placed near the home water tank; which
effectively. Therefore, for the first home generally at the outside of a house with the full
services which is Smart Ground Fault Circuit installation electricity plug to run the water
Interrupter (GFCI) Circuit Breaker, we proposed supply. An electric water pump shall be located
that it will be located at the specifically outdoor in the secure box as to ensure the easy access
utility room or closet. It is more wisely to locate of maintenance work and regular check-up or
the circuit breaker in the utility closet as it is inspection to be done while all the wiring shall
usually to be install in the low-traffic areas of be located at the underground. On the other
home. For the installation of Solar Photovoltaic hand, the services of Smart Switches is being
(PV) System, it will be established on the positioned or functioned at specific area or
rooftops and there will be also a connector space of a house; living room, dining room,
wiring that additionally will be linked to the bedrooms, kitchens as usual but we proposed it
circuit breaker. The breaker is recommended to only to be applied for indoor appliances. Last
be installed at these three locations; between but not least, for the first services mentioned
the charge controller and battery bank, between earlier, smart circuit breaker which is considered
the charge controller and solar panels, and as Wi-Fi breaker shall be fixed and installed
between the battery bank and inverter. During accordingly to ensure it will connect the Smart
the occasionally circumstances, the solar panel Switches as well.
will flow an excessive voltage which a solar
controller unable to handle with that larger
volume of voltage. Then, this is also become a
reason on the application of circuit breaker as a
safety protection for the connection between
solar panel and solar controller at home.

Figure 5.2.2 Example diagram that
shows the connection of Electric
Water Pump (EWP).

29

FUNCTION

5.3 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM

It is important to note that the building Controller
automation system is different from other The controller must keep track of a large
systems that use automation. There are a number of devices while maintaining a
couple of factors contributing to this disparity. healthy balance between them all. In most
The input variables that describe cases, control activities must be done on more
environmental circumstances vary on a than one device, and the system must be able
constant basis, necessitating the necessity to to handle the additional devices without
regulate these parameters. If any of these crashing or becoming unresponsive due to
characteristics deviate significantly from their overload.
permitted ranges, it might have a negative Over a shared communication system, the
impact on the product or process. There are controller should be able to identify the
three (3) ways it which are; appropriate device for receiving input and
issuing orders. Building automation controller
Remote Devices devices are available from some vendors that
All of the BAS devices are dispersed across are designed expressly for use with building
the facility rather than being concentrated in automation systems.
a single spot. In addition, they are not directly
connected to the main controller, but rather User Interface
through a communication medium that uses
protocols to communicate with each device In the building automation system, the user
on the network instead. The opposite of this is
true for process machines or systems, in interface is the means by which humans
which field devices are concentrated in a
single area and are directly connected to the interact with the system. Input points are
main controller or Programmable Logic
Controller (PLC). selected by the controller, and the system is

then automated depending on the input

points selected by the controller. The UI also

displays the current parameters, which allows

you to see the current environmental

conditions. User interfaces are often made up

of graphical representations of individual

locations throughout a facility, with numerical

values reflecting the real parameters shown

next to each site. When implementing this

idea, a thin client system will be used, with the

user interface being shown on an internet

browser. To access the user interface, all that

is necessary is an Internet connection and a

web browser.

30

FUNCTION

5.4. MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

Hydraulics are used in the majority of Finally, most traditional lifts need extensive
household elevators on the market today, construction work, which may be costly, time-
with some requiring three-phase electricity. consuming, and frustrating. However, with this
This means they consume more energy when elevator, just the proper aperture, such as the
in use, resulting in higher electricity costs. ceiling and floor of the room the lift is going up
Traditional elevator is not always into, must be cut out and trimmed. For a
straightforward to install due to the normal retrofit application, a competent
mechanics involved, which may be a real pain. builder can usually construct it in one day.
On the other hand, this proposed elevator is
different that they operate on single phase 31
electricity and may be plugged into any
standard 13-amp power outlet, just like any
other household device. The proposed
elevator uses approximately two and three
amps and can make four runs upstairs for one
kettle boil. Thus, the elevator also may not
require any hard wiring or additional external
power packs.
To be concise, this elevator employs a roping
drum braked gear electric motor drive system,
which eliminates the need for any further
external devices. This is tucked away near the
top of the lift and out of sight. Plus, the reason
on the very quiet sound coming from this
elevator is because they do not used the
hydraulic or loud mechanical equipment like
the conventional elevators.
In addition, the elevator would not require
load bearing walls. This elevator lifts, on the
other hand, include a unique twin rail system
which results in a totally self-supporting
structure that adds no additional weight to a
dwelling. The entire structure and lift's weight
is transported in compression via the rails into
the house's floor.

FUNCTION

5.5 MECHANICAL VENTILATION
SYSTEM

Humidity is a problem in Malaysia. Since In the winter, if the house is extremely dry, an
humidity can create a favorable environment ERV would be the most effective option
for mold, asthma sufferers may be concerned because it helps maintain humidity, thereby
about inhaling mold spores. When looking for eliminating the need for and cost of producing.
ways to dehumidify, consider an Energy As they transition air flows, ERV ventilation
Recovery Ventilator (ERV) as a smart, cost- systems trap pollutants, allergens, pollen,
effective solution. Once you understand how contaminants, and other contaminants,
this device works, you’ll see why an ERV can ensuring that the air that arrives and is
be a valuable asset to anyone who is trying to maintained within the home or business is
improve indoor air quality (IAQ). healthy and clean.

There are two basic seasonal scenarios for Moisture, smells, and other pollutants may
air-to air energy recovery ventilation in build up within a home without proper
comfort applications. The first is to transfer mechanical ventilation. Rather of depending
heat and moisture from the exhaust stream on airflow through small holes or cracks in a
to the supply stream during winter months. home's walls, roof, or windows, this mechanical
The second is the reverse function which is ventilation ERV can circulate fresh air.
to transfer heat and moisture from the supply Homeowners may relax knowing that their
stream to the exhaust stream in the summer. home has enough ventilation.

32

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLICATION

3 43

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLIC
ATION

6.1

FIRE

FIGHTING

SYSTEM

Unlike traditional smoke detector, the
Smart smoke detector can be installed
at wall and ceiling. The size of the
device itself is small as our wifi router
at home. Therefore, it does not
required much space to install it inside
our house.

Nest Protect (smart smoke detector) placement
at ceiling and wall

Proposed place to install smart smoke detector

Good placement Bad placement 34
In every bedroom Unfinished attic
Inside and outside every Bathrooms
sleeping area Near fans and ventilations
Kitchen (at least 3m from Near windows
cooktops cooking appliances) Garage
Basement Near cooking appliance

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLICATION




6.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

6.2.1 Smart Ground Fault Circuit
Interrupter (GFCI) Circuit Breaker

Principles Space Implications
The application of smart circuit breaker The area of locating the panels or
enable the homeowners to track the power circuit breaker are not meant to be
consumption of per-appliance or branch located at the storage area, over the
circuit basis in different locations by the apps steps of a stairway and etc.
provided. According to Family Handy Man, the
Tend to be faster, safer and more reliable space shall not have any of the
due to the absence of mechanical parts foreign equipment and it cannot be
(Alden, R.E., Han, P., & lonel, D.M., 2019). installed at area that easily to ignite
the fire.

6.2.2 Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
System

Principles Space implications
Solar energy transformed the electrical It can be space efficient only due to the
power by the photovoltaic effect which if the ability of selecting the suitable panel to be
certain material are exposed to the sunlight, mounted on the roof.
it will absorb the energy to the direct current A sufficient gap between the roof and the
(DC) electricity. solar panels is 12 inches; between two solar
The greater number of photovoltaic cells panel is 4 to 7 inches and between solar
being mounted, the more it will enable an panel rows 5 to 6 inches.
adequate production of electricity.

35

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLICATION




6.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

6.2.3 Electric Water Pump (EWP)

Principles Space Implications
The motor will control the amount of water Area required for the installation of
can be pumped at the particular time and its electric water pump does not take a
speed. lot of space which as long it is being
The motor will control the amount of water fixed accordingly in terms of safety,
can be pumped at the particular time and its the path of water to be entered and
speed. etc.

6.2.4 Smart Switches

Principles Space implications
It need to be powered up 24/7 on the Space efficient as no complicated
standby mode and ready to acquire any components to be fixed. Only requiring an
instruction from smart applications such as accurate installation of the wire to have a
Google or Siri voice control. better connection from the smart circuit
The consumption of electricity can be saved breaker.
up

36

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLICATION




6.3 SPECIAL BUILDING
SYSTEM

Principles
The role of technology in smart
homes to sustaining and enhancing
existing occupants lifestyles and
identities

Space Implications
Does not require a lot of space
since the control room only
required at least one
computer to supervised.

37

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLICATION




6.4 MECHANICAL

HANDLING SYSTEM

Principles
This proposed elevator operates on the
principle that the lift vehicle rides on two
self-supporting tracks that do not require
load-bearing walls. The rails require few
attaching points but are intended to
provide all of the necessary strength and
safety. In most circumstances, all that is
required is a simple ceiling opening. Plus,
with its innovative rail and drive system
and wireless control remotes, it was
engineered to make our lives easier by
allowing us to travel securely and
effortlessly between floors.

Space implications
The space implications for this suggested
elevator system are essentially non-
existent, as it just requires a specific
amount of space for installation.
Nonetheless, if the house has extremely
limited space for the elevator to be
installed and a complex power circuit for
the wire connection, it will be a problem.
Additionally, it was advised that the
proposed elevator be placed in more
broad and open areas so that it would be
easier to go to each room on each floor.

38

PRINCIPLE
AND SPACE
IMPLIC
ATION

6.5 It is directly installed in the room which

MECHANICAL ㎡needs improvement for air quality. It is

VENTILATION suitable for areas less than 50 . Only
Dust-free drilling needed, which does not
SYSTEM affect the interior decoration.

The space for providing this wall mounted This wall-mounted ERV will transfer energy
ERV is focusing on small areas such as a between the air exhausted from the
separate room, living room, and kitchen. To building and the outdoor air supply to
maintain the indoor air quality in our home, reduce energy consumption. Higher
this technology must be installed in a small ventilation rates will improve the quality of
space or a low ventilation process area. the indoor air in the space area. According
to some research, higher ventilation rates
Hence, in our multi-storey home we will install increase building energy consumption in a
the wall mounted ERV in living room and variety of ways. That is why wall-mounted
master bedroom. Picture below is the ERV is critical for smart-homes to reduce
example how ERV will be positioned in living indoor air pollution and improve indoor
room and master bedroom.
work. 3 9

BUILDING
REGULATION

4 40 0

BUILDING
REGULATION




7.1 FIRE Provision shall be made for the general
evacuation of the premises by auction of a
FIGHTING master control
In the UBBL Clause 241 mentioned about Special
SYSTEM Requirements for Fire Alarm Systems. In areas
where there are deaf people or where an audible
In Malaysia, The Malaysian Uniform Building By- alarm system is not acceptable due to the nature
Laws (1984) (UBBL) is used as guideline to of the occupancy, visible indicator alarm signals
ensure the safety of the occupant in term of fire must be used in addition to the standard alarm
safety. According to UBBL, clause 225 regarding system.
Detecting and Extinguishing Fire stated that: Clause 244 stated that, all firefighting installations
must meet the latest edition criteria. Fire
Every building must be equipped with fire Hydrants, Hydraulic Hose Reels, Portable
detectors, fire extinguishers, fire alarms, as Extinguishers, Dry/Wet Rising Mains, Foam Inlets,
well as signs in compliance with the Automatic Sprinklers, Fire Alarm Systems, Fire
requirements in the Tenth Schedule of the Dampers, Fire Lifts and Smoke Control are parts
By-laws of fire fighting equipment.
Every building must have at least one fire Clause 245 stated that all of these firefighting
hydrant within 91.5 metres of the nearest equipment installations must be tested and
point of fire department access approved by the D.G.F.S. Before beginning
Additional fire hydrants may be required by installation, all plans, drawings and
the Fire Authority, depending on the size calculations of all fixed installations must be
and location of the structure and the submitted to the Fire Authority in the manner
availability of fire appliances. stipulated by the D.G.F.S. together with the
Clause 237 in the UBBL explain about Fire relevant forms as stipulated in the Tenth
Alarms. It stated that: Schedule of the By-laws
Fire alarms should be installed in According to the National Fire Protection
accordance with the Tenth Schedule to Association (NFPA), smoke alarms should be
these By-laws installed on every level of our home including the
All premises and buildings with a gross floor basement. Inside each bedroom and outside each
area (excluding car parks and storage areas) sleeping space, smoke detectors should be
of more than 9290m or a height of more installed. A two-story house with three bedrooms,
than 30.5m must be equipped with a two- for example, should have at least seven smoke
stage alarm system, with immediate alarms. Even if a home has a certain number of
evacuation (continuous signal) in the hardwired smoke alarms, extra battery-operated
affected section and an alert (intermittent smoke alarms can be placed around the property.
signal) in the adjacent section
41

BUILDING
REGULATION




7.2 Figure 6.2.1: The References of
Building Regulations For The
ELECTRICAL
4 2Proposed Electrical Services.
SYSTEM

Electrical system is a services that requires a
cautious in terms of handling, fixing or
installation and its management. As the
matter of fact, electrical system to be installed
in any kind of building category has been
designated to follow all the requirements as
stated in the building regulations. Moreover,
there is also no exception for the new multi-
smart home to comply the building
regulations as already being fixed by the
specific organization that being in charge in
the application of electrical system among the
users.
According to the propose electrical services which
consists Smart Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
(GFCI) Circuit Breaker, Electrical Water Pump
(EWP) and Smart Switches need to fulfill all the
requirements mentioned in the Electrical
Installations of Buildings – Code of Practice issued
by Department of Standards Malaysia. Beside that,
the user and electrician also may refer the
Guidelines For Electrical Wiring in Residential
(2008 Edition) released by Suruhanjaya Tenaga.
For the application of Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
System, all the conditions shall follow the
Guidelines on the Connection of Solar Photovoltaic
Installation for Self-Consumption issued by
Suruhanjaya Tenaga. Solar PV System does have
differences from other type of proposed services
or its own requirement in the building regulations.

BUILDING
REGULATION




7.3 MECHANICAL

HANDLING

SYSTEM Figure 6.3.1: The References of Building
Regulations For The Proposed Electrical
Even the simplest projects need a lot of
attention to detail. Building Regulations are Services.
governmental guidelines that apply to all
sorts of structures, from big new
constructions to house additions. According
to DOSH (2010) on Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994 (Act514) Section 15 and 18
stated that the obligations and responsibilities
of the owner (or building management) is to
ensure fixtures such as lifts and escalators are
safe for use. Indeed, the Department of
Occupational Safety and Health's 'Guidelines
on the Safe Use of Lifts and Escalators, 2010'
has a lot more laws concerning elevators
(DOSH). Furthermore, the Uniform Building
By-Laws of 1984 also has established a
number of legislative rules for the
construction and usage of elevators that must
be followed by the building owner or
management.

43

CONCLUSION




-make your choice

with smart home-

To be concluded, all the equipment At present, advancement of technologies has
proposed under five different services; fire revolving among the people, homeowners
fighting system, electrical system, special shall have an improvement in selecting their
service system, mechanical handling system home appliances in order to upgrade or
and mechanical ventilation system were being achieve the success of adapting the smart
considered in a few factors. As all of the things in their daily lives. Hence, implementing
equipment are to be proposed for the new the smart things at home enable the inventors
multi-storey smart home, we considered the to enhance their creation and overcoming the
suitability, classifications, skills and services disadvantages.
knowledges regarding the installation and
handling the services, the conditions or 1 24 4
regulations and the advantages that can
benefit the owners. It is important to stress on
the aspect of safety measures during
installing the home equipment based on the
guidelines provided by the certain
organization to prevent any undesirable
circumstances.

In point of fact, all the services that being
proposed in this report able to satisfy the
owners in terms of their needs and the
standards of a multi-storey smart home shall
be. It will be able to provide such a massive
performances as all the services being
recommended to be installed in the new
smart home are based on the current trend of
technologies used in other country as well. In
addition, it is true there are some drawbacks
listed under each services of different country,
however a room of improvement can be
conducted.

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