Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Folk Names Cross-Reference 291

Boke: Beech Buke: Beech

Boneset: Comfrey Buku: Buchu

Bonewort: Pansy Bull's Blood: Horehound

Bookoo: Buchu Bull's Foot: Coltsfoot

Bo-Tree: Bodhi Bumble-Kite: Blackberry

Bottle Brush: Horsetail Bumweed: Pilot Weed

Bouleau: Birch Burning Bush: Wahoo

Bouncing Bet: Pansy Burn Plant: Aloe

B o u r Tree: Elder Burrage: Borage

Boure Tree: Elder Burrseed: Burdock

Boxwood: Dogwood Butterbur: Coltsfoot

Boy's Love: Southernwood Butter Rose: Primrose

Brain Thief: Mandrake Buttons: Tansy

Bramble: Blackberry C

Bramblekite: Blackberry Caaroba: Carob

Brandy Mint: Peppermint Calamus Draco: Dragon's Blood

Brank: Buckwheat Calendula: Marigold

Bras: Rice Calf's Snout: Snapdragon

Bread and Cheese Tree: Hawthorn California Barberry:

Bream: Broom Oregon Grape

Bride of the Meadow: California Pepper Tree:

Meadowsweet Pepper Tree

Bride of the Sun: Marigold Camomyle: Chamomile

Bridewort: Meadowsweet Candlewick Plant: Mullein

British Tobacco: Coltsfoot Cane, Sugar: Sugar Cane

Brittanica: Vervain Cankerwort: Dandelion, Ragwort

Broom: Gorse Cape Gum: Acacia

Broom Tops: Broom Capon's Trailer: Valerian

Brown Mint: Spearmint Carageen: Irish Moss

Braisewort: Comfrey, Daisy Caroba: Carob

Brum: Broom Carobinha: Carob

Buche: Beech Carpenter's Weed: Yarrow

Buckeye: Horse Chestnut Carthage Apple: Pomegranate

Buckles: Cowslip Carya: Walnut

Bucco: Buchu Cassflago: Henbane

Budwood: Dogwood Cassilata: Henbane

Buffalo Herb: Alfalfa Cat: Catnip

Bugbane: Cohosh, Black Catmint: Catnip

Bugloss: Borage Catnep: Catnip

Buk: Beech Catrup: Catnip

292 Cunninghams Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Cat's Foot: Ground Ivy Cocklebur: Agrimony

Cat's Valerian: Valerian Cockleburr: Burdock

Cat's Wort: Catnip Colewort: Avens

Caucasian Walnut: Walnut Colic Root: Galangal

Cedron: Lemon Verbena Common Bamboo: Bamboo

Celydoyne: Celandine C o m m o n Fig: Fig

Centinode: Knotweed Common Heather: Heather

Centocchiio: Periwinkle C o m m o n Lilac: Lilac

Ceylon M o r n i n g Glory: Wood Common Thyme: Thyme

Rose Compass Point: Pilot Weed

Chafe Weed: Life-Everlasting Compass Weed: Rosemary

Chamaimelon: Chamomile Coneflower: Echinacea

Chameleon Star: Bromeliad Consolida: Comfrey

Chanvre: Hemp Consound: Comfrey

Checkerberry: Wintergreen Consumptive Weed: Yerba Santa

Chelidonium: Celandine Convallaria: Lily of the Valley

Cherry Pie: Heliotrope Cornish Lovage: Lovage

Chewing John: Galangal Corona Solis: Sunflower

China Aster: Aster Couch Grass: Witch Grass

China Root: Galangal Coughwort: Coltsfoot

China Tea: Tea Coumaria Nut: Tonka

Chinese Anise: Star Anise Cowcucumber: Cucumber

Chinese Lovage: Lovage Cow-Flop: Foxglove

Chinese Parsley: Coriander Cowgrass: Knotweed

Chocolate: Carob Crampweed: Cinquefoil

Christ's Ladder: Centaury Crocus: Saffron

Christ's Thorn: Holly Crosswort: Boneset

Church Steeples: Agrimony Crowberry: Poke

Churnstaff: Toadflax Crow Corn: Ague Root

Cilantro: Coriander Crown for a King: Wormwood

Cilentro: Coriander Crown of Thorns: Euphorbia

Circeium: Mandrake Cuckoo's Bread: Plantain

Circoea: Mandrake Cuckowe's Meat: Sorrel, Wood

Citrus Plant: Parosela Cucumber Tree: Magnolia

Cleavers: Bedstraw, Fragrant Culantro: Coriander

Clot: Mullein Cummino: Cumin

Clotbur: Burdock Cumino aigro: Cumin

Cloudberry: Blackberry Cupid's Car: Wolf's Bane

Clove Root: Avens Cutweed: Bladderwrack

Coakum: Poke Cuy: Cowslip

Cocan: Poke

Folk Names Cross-Reference 293

D Draconis Resina: Dragon's Blood
Daffy-Down-Dilly: Daffodil Dragon Bushes: Toadflax
Daphne: Bay Dragon's Blood Palm:
Date Palm: Palm, Date
Deadly Nightshade: Belladonna Dragon's Blood
Deadmen's Bells: Foxglove Dragonwort: Bistort
Death Angel: Agaric Drelip: Cowslip
Death Cap: Agaric Dropberry: Solomon's Seal
Death Flower: Yarrow Drunkard: Marigold
Death's Herb: Belladonna Duck's Foot: May Apple
Delight of the Eye: Rowan Duir: Oak
Delphinium: Larkspur Dumbledore's Delight: Wolf's
Desert Rue: Parosela Bane
Deus Caballinus: Henbane Dutch Honeysuckle: Honeysuckle
Devil's Apple: Datura Dutch Rushes: Horsetail
Devil's Cherries: Belladonna Dwale: Belladonna
Devil's Dung: Asafoetida Dwaleberry: Belladonna
Devil's Eye: Henbane, Periwinkle Dwayberry: Belladonna
Devil's Flower: Bachelor's Buttons
Devil's Fuge: Mistletoe E
Devil's Guts: Dodder Earthbank: Tormentil
Devil's Milk: Celandine Earthsmoke: Fumitory
Devil's Nettle: Yarrow Earth Star: Bromeliad
Devil's Oatmeal: Parsley Easter Giant: Bistort
Dewberry: Blackberry East India C a t a r r h Root: Galangal
Dew of the Sea: Rosemary Edellebore: Liverwort
Dhan: Rice Eerie: Yarrow
Digitalis: Foxglove Egyptian Gum: Arabic, Gum
Dill Weed: Dill Egyptian Thorn: Acacia
Dilly: Dill Eldrum: Elder
Divale: Belladonna Elf Dock: Elecampane
Doffle: Mullein Elf Leaf: Lavender, Rosemary
Dog-Bur: Houndstongue Elfwort: Elecampane
Doggies: Toadflax Ellhorn: Elder
Dog Grass: Witch Grass Elm, Slippery: Slippery Elm
Dog Standard: Ragwort Elven: Elm
Dog's Tongue: Houndstongue Enchanter's Plant: Vervain
Dogtree: Dogwood Enebro: Juniper
Dollor: Meadowsweet English Cowslip: Primrose
Donnerbesen: Mistletoe English Elm: Elm
Englishman's Foot: Plantain
English Serpentary: Boston
English Valerian: Valerian

294 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

English Walnut: Walnut Five Finger Blossom: Cinquefoil
Euphrosyne: Eyebright Five Finger Grass: Cinquefoil
European Aspen: Aspen Five Fingers: Cinquefoil, Tormentil
European Elm: Elm Flag Lily: Blue Flag
European Mistletoe: Mistletoe Flannel Plant: Mullein
European Raspberry: Raspberry Flax Weed: Toadflax
Euryangium Musk Root: Sumbul Flesh and Blood: Tormentil
Everlasting: Life-Everlasting Fleur de Coucou: Daffodil
Ewe Daisy: Tormentil Fleur-de-Lis: Blue Flag
Eye Balm: Golden Seal Floppy-Dock: Foxglove
Eye of the Star: Horehound Floptop: Foxglove
Eye Root: Golden Seal Florentine Iris: Orris
Eyes: Daisy Flores de Cerveza: Hops
Florida Dogwood: Dogwood
F Flower of Immortality: Amaranth
Faggio: Beech Flowering Cornel: Dogwood
Fagos: Beech Flowering Dogwood: Dogwood
Fairies Horses: Ragwort Fluellin: Toadflax
Fair Lady: Belladonna Flukes: Potato
Fairy Bells: Sorrel, Wood Flute Plant: Meadow Rue
Fairy Cup: Cowslip Folk's Gloves: Foxglove
Fairy Fingers: Foxglove Food of the Gods: Asafoetida
Fairy Petticoats: Foxglove Foxes Glofa: Foxglove
Fairy's Eggs: Molukka Fox Bells: Foxglove
Fairy Thimbles: Foxglove Foxtail: Club Moss
Fairy Weed: Foxglove Frangipangi: Plumeria
False Wintergreen: Pipsissewa Fragrant Valerian: Valerian
Faya: Beech Frauenschlussel: Cowslip
Featherfew: Feverfew Frau Holle: Elder
Febrifuge Plant: Feverfew French Wheat: Buckwheat
Felon Herb: Mugwort Frey: Gorse
Feltwort: Mullein
Fenkel: Fennel Frozen Roses: Wood Rose
Fruit of the Gods: Apple
Feverwort: Boneset, Centaury Fruit of the Underworld: Apple
Field Balm: Catnip Fuga daemonum: St. Johns Wort
Field Balsam: Life-Everlasting Fumiterry: Fumitory
Field Daisy: Daisy Fumus: Fumitory
Field Hops: Yarrow Fumus Terrae: Fumitory
Finnochio: Fennel Furze: Gorse
Fireweed: Dodder Fyrs: Gorse

Folk Names Cross-Reference 295

G Goat's Leaf: Honeysuckle
Gagroot: Lobelia Goat Weed: St. John's Wort
Galgenmannchen: Mandrake Golden Apple: Apricot
Galingal: Galangal Golden Bough: Mistletoe
Galingale: Galangal Golden Purslane: Purslane
Gallowgrass: Hemp Golden Star: Avens
Gallows: Mandrake Goldes: Marigold
Gallwort: Toadflax Goldy Star: Avens
Ganeb: Hemp Goldruthe: Goldenrod
Ganja: Hemp Gonea Tea: Goldenrod
Garclive: Agrimony Good Luck Plant: Ti
Garden Celandine: Celandine Goosegrass: Cinquefoil
Garden Dill: Dill Gooseleek: Daffodil
Garden Heliotrope: Valerian Goose Tansy: Cinquefoil
Garden Lettuce: Lettuce Gorst: Gorse
Garden Mint: Mint, Spearmint Gort: Ivy
Garden Purslane: Purslane Goss: Gorse
Garden Rue: Rue Gout Root: Briony
Garden Sage: Sage Goutberry: Blackberry
Garden Thyme: Thyme Grandilla: Passion Flower
Garden Violet: Pansy Grape, Oregon: Oregon Grape
Garde Robe: Southernwood Grass: Hemp
Gargaut: Galangal Gravelroot: Joe-Pye Weed
Garget: Poke Gravel Root: Meadowsweet
Gazels: Hawthorn Graveyard Dust: Mullein
Gearwe: Yarrow Graveyard Flowers: Plumeria
Gemeiner Wachholder. Juniper Great Burdock* Burdock
Geneva: Juniper Greater Celandine: Celandine
Genista: Broom Greater Pimpernel: Pimpernel
German Rue: Rue Greater Scullcap: Scullcap
Ghost Flower: Datura Great Herb, The: Foxglove
Gill-Go-Over-The-Ground: Great Morel: Belladonna
Grecian Laurel: Bay
Ground Ivy Greek Hay-Seed: Fenugreek
Gillies: Carnation Green Broom: Broom
Gilliflower: Carnation Green Mint: Spearmint
Gin Berry: Juniper Green Osier: Dogwood
Ginepro: Juniper Green Spine: Spearmint
Gin Plant: Juniper Grenadier: Pomegranate
Giver of Life: Corn Groats: Oats
Gladdon: Calamus

296 Cunninghams Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Ground Apple: Chamomile Heermannchen: Chamomile
Groundbread: Cyclamen Hellweed: Dodder
Groundesweige: Groundsel Helmet Flower: Scullcap
Ground Glutton: Groundsel Helping Hand: Lucky Hand
Ground Holly: Pipsissewa Hempseed: Joe Pye Weed
Ground Raspberry: Golden Seal Hen and Chickens: Houseleek
Grundy Swallow: Groundsel Henbells: Henbane
Guardrobe: Rosemary Herba John: St. Johns Wort
Guinea Grains: Grains of Paradise Herba Sacra: Vervain
Gum Arabic: Arabic, Gum Herb Bennet: Avens, Hemlock
Gum Arabic Tree: Arabic, Gum Herb of Circe: Mandrake
Gum Benzoin: Benzoin Herb of Enchantment: Vervain
Gum Bush: Yerba Santa Herb of Gladness: Borage
Gum Myrrh Tree: Myrrh Herb of Grace: Rue, Vervain
Gum Mastic: Mastic Herb of Mary: Pimpernel
Gum Plant: Comfrey Herb of the Cross: Vervain
Gypsy Flower: Houndstongue Herb Peter: Cowslip
Herb Trinity: Liverwort
H Herb Walter: Woodruff
Hag's Tapers: Mullein Herbygrass: Rue
Hagthorn: Hawthorn Hetre: Beech
Hand of Power: Lucky Hand
Hanf: Hemp Hexenmannchen: Mandrake
Happy Major: Burdock High Blackberry: Blackberry
Haran: Horehound Hildemoer: Elder
Hardock: Burdock Hoarhound: Horehound
Harebell: Bluebell Hog Apple: May Apple
Harefoot: Avens Hogsbean: Henbane
Haw: Hawthorn Hogweed: Knotweed
Haya: Beech Holigolds: Marigold
Haymaids: Ground Ivy Hollunder: Elder
Hazels: Hawthorn Holm: Holly
Headache: Poppy Holme Chaste: Holly
Head Waak: Poppy Holy Herb: Vervain, Yerba Santa
Healing Herb: Comfrey Holy Thistle: Thistle, Holy
Heart Leaf: Liverwort Holy Tree: Holly
Heart's Ease: Pansy Holy Wood: Mistletoe
Heath: Heather Honey: Clover
Hebenon: Henbane Honeystalks: Clover
Hedge Taper: Mullein Hoodwort: Scullcap
Hedgemaids: Ground Ivy Horseheal: Elecampane

Folk Names Cross-Reference 297

Horse Violet: Pansy Jaundice Root: Golden Seal
Hreow: Rue Jessamine: Jasmine
Huath: Hawthorn Joe-Pie: Joe-Pye Weed
Huauhtli: Amaranth Johnny Jumper: Pansy
Hulm: Holly Johnny Jump-Ups: Pansy
Hulver Bush: Holly Jove's Nuts: Oak
Hundred Leaved Grass: Yarrow Joy of the Mountain: Marjoram
Huran: Horehound Jusquiame: Henbane
Hurrburr: Burdock Jupiter's Bean: Henbane
Husbandman's Dial: Marigold Jalap: High John the Conqueror
Hylder: Elder Jimsonweed: Datura
Hyssop Herb: Hyssop John's Wort: St. Johns Wort
Jopi Weed: Joe-Pye Weed
ncense: Frankincense Jove's Flower: Carnation
ncensier: Rosemary Joy on the Ground: Periwinkle
ndian Arrow Wood: Wahoo Juglans: Oak
ndian Dye: Golden Seal Juno's Tears: Vervain
ndian Elm: Slippery Elm Jupiter's Staff: Mullein
ndian Fig Tree: Banyan
ndian God Tree: Banyan K
ndian Gum: Arabic, Gum Kaempferia Galanga: Galangal
ndian Paint: Golden Seal Kaphnos: Fumitory
ndian Pony: Life-Everlasting Karan: Myrrh
ndian Root: Trillium Karcom: Saffron
ndian Sage: Boneset Keckies: Hemlock
ndian Tobacco: Lobelia Kelp: Bladderwrack
ndia Root: Galangal Kenning Wort: Celandine
nkberry: Poke Key Flower: Cowslip
ntoxicating Pepper: Kava-Kava Key of Heaven: Cowslip
ris: Blue Flag Kex: Hemlock
rish Broom: Broom Kharkady: Hibiscus
rish Tops: Broom Khus-Khus: Vetivert
sana: Henbane Ki: Ti
sopo: Hyssop Kif: Hemp
talian Lovage: Lovage
talian Parsley: Lovage King Root: Bloodroot
Kinnikinnick: Uva Ursa
acob's Ladder: Lily of the Valley Kiss-Me-At-The-Garden-Gate:
atamansi: Sumbul Pansy
Klamath Weed: St. Johns Wort
Knight's Milfoil: Yarrow

298 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Knit Back: Comfrey Leontopodium: Lady's Mantle

Knitbone: Comfrey Levant Salep: Orchid

Knotgrass: Knotweed Libanotis: Rosemary

Knotted Marjoram: Marjoram Licourice: Licorice

Knyghten: Yarrow Lignam aloes: Aloes, Wood

Ko: Sugar Cane Lignam sanctae cruets: Mistletoe

Krokos: Saffron Lily Constancy: Lily of the Valley

Kunkuma: Saffron Lime: Linden

L Lime Tree: Linden

Lacris: Licorice Ling: Heather

Ladder to Heaven: Lily of the Valley Link: Broom

Lady's Foxglove: Mullein Linseed: Flax

Ladies' Meat: Hawthorn Lion's Foot: Lady's Mantle

Ladies' Seal: Briony Lion's Herb: Columbine

Lad's Love: Southernwood Lion's Mouth: Foxglove

Lady Ellhorn: Elder Lion's Tooth: Dandelion

Ladykins: Mandrake Lippe: Cowslip

Lady of the Meadow: Meadowsweet Little Queen: Meadowsweet

Lady of the Woods: Birch Little Stepmother: Pansy

Lady's Key: Cowslip Liverleaf: Liverwort

Lady's Laces: Dodder Liver Lily: Blue Flag

Lady's Mantle: Yarrow Liverweed: Liverwort

Lady's Seal: Solomon's Seal Lizzy-Run-Up-The-Hedge:

Lady's Thistle: Thistle Ground Ivy

Lama: Ebony Llwydycwn: Horehound

Lamb Mint: Spearmint Llygad y Dydd: Daisy

Lammint: Peppermint Lorbeer: Bay

Lapstones: Potato Lousewort: Betony, Wood
Lattouce: Lettuce Love Fruit: Orange
Laurel: Bay Love Herbs: Lovage

Laurier a'Appolon: Bay Love Idol: Pansy

Laurier Sauce: Bay Love-In-ldleness: Pansy

Lavose: Lovage Love-Lies-Bleeding:
Leopard's Bane: Wolf's Bane Amaranth, Pansy
Leaf of Patrick, The: Plantain Love Rod: Lovage
Leather Jackets: Potato Love Root: Lovage
Lemon Balm: Balm, Lemon Love Vine: Dodder
Lemon Balsam: Balm, Lemon Love-Will: Datura
Lent Lily: Daffodil Loving Herbs: Lovage
Loving Idol: Pansy

Folk Names Cross-Reference

Low John the Conqueror: Marigold of Peru: Sunflower
Galangal Marijuana: Hemp
Marjorlaine: Marjoram
Lubestico: Lovage Marrubium: Horehound
Lucerne: Alfalfa Marshmallow: Althea
Luib na muc: Pimpernel Maruil: Horehound
Lunary: Honesty Marybud: Marigold
Lurk-in-The-Ditch: Pennyroyal Marygold: Marigold
Lusmore: Foxglove Mary Gowles: Marigold
Lus na mbau side: Foxglove Master of the Woods: Woodruff
Lycopod: Club Moss Masterwort: Angelica
Lycorys: Licorice Masticke: Mastic
Lythnun: Loosestrife Mate: Yerba Mate
Maudlinwort: Daisy
M May: Hawthorn
Mackerel Mint: Spearmint Mayblossom: Hawthorn
Mad Apple: Datura May Bush: Hawthorn
Madder's Cousin: Mayflower: Hawthorn
May Lily: Lily of the Valley
Bedstraw, Fragrant Maypops: Passion Flower
Madherb: Datura Maythen: Chamomile
Mad Root: Briony Meadow Anemone: Anemone
Madweed: Scullcap Meadow Cabbage: Skunk Cabbage
Madwort: Alyssum Meadowwort: Meadowsweet
Magic Mushroom: Agaric Meadsweet: Meadowsweet
Maia: Banana Mealberry: Uva Ursa
Melia: Plumeria
Maidenhair Fern: Maidenhair Mecca Balsam: Balm of Gilead
Maid's Ruin: Southernwood Medicine Plant: Aloe
Maize: Corn Meet-Me-In-The-Entry: Pansy
Male Lily: Lily of the Valley Melampode: Hellebore, Black
Malicorio: Pomegranate Melequetta: Grains of Paradise
Mallaquetta Pepper: Melissa: Balm, Lemon
Michaelmas: Aster
Grains of Paradise Milfoil: Yarrow
Malum punicum: Pomegranate Militaris: Yarrow
Mandragen: Mandrake Military Herb: Yarrow
Mandragor: Mandrake Millefolium: Yarrow
Mandrake: May Apple Minarta: Avens
Manicon: Datura Miracle Herb: Comfrey
Mannikin: Mandrake
Manzanifla: Chamomile
Maracoc: Passion Flower
Marian Thistle: Thistle, Milk

300 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Mirra Balsam Odendron: Myrrh Nine Joints: Knotweed
Mismin: Spearmint Ninety Knot: Knotweed
Misseltoe: Mistletoe Nion: Ash
Mizquitl: Mesquite Nip: Catnip
Money Plant: Honesty Nirvara: Rice
Monkshood: Wolf's Bane Noble Laurel: Bay
Moon Daisy Noble Yarrow: Yarrow
Moonlight on the Grove: Jasmine No Eyes: Potato
Moor Grass: Cinquefoil Nosebleed: Yarrow
Moose Elm: Slippery Elm Nurse Heal: Elecampane
Mortification Root: Althea
Mother of the Herbs: Rue O
Mother of the Wood: Sloe Oatmeal: Oats
Mountain Ash: Rowan Obeah Wood: Ebony
Mountain Balm: Yerba Santa Ohe: Bamboo
Mountain Box: Uva Ursa Oingnum: Onion
Mountain C r a n b e r r y : Uva Ursa Othokgi: Sumbul
Mountain Mint: Marjoram Old Field Balsam: Life Everlasting
Mountain Tea: Wintergreen Old Gal: Elder
Mosquito Plant: Pennyroyal Old Lady: Elder
Muggons: Mugwort Old Man: Mugwort, Southernwood
Mum: Chrysanthemum Old Man Fennel: Mullein
Murphies: Potato Old Man's Pepper: Yarrow
Musquash Root: Hemlock Old Man's Mustard: Yarrow
Myrtle Flag: Calamus Old Uncle Henry: Mugwort
Myrtle Grass: Calamus Old Woman: Wormwood
Myrtle Sedge: Calamus Olena: Turmeric
Olibans: Frankincense
N Olibanum: Frankincense
Narcissus: Daffodil Olibanus: Frankincense
Nard: Lavender, Spikenard Olvier: Olive
Nardus: Lavender Onyoun: Onion
Naughty Man: Mugwort Orange Bergamot:
Naughty Man's Cherries:
Bergamot, Orange
Belladonna Orange Mint: Bergamot, Orange
Neckweede: Hemp Orange Root: Golden Seal
Nelka: Carnation Oregon Grape Root: Oregon Grape
Nepeta: Catnip Organ Broth: Pennyroyal
Nidor: Fumitory Organs: Pennyroyal
Nine Hooks: Lady's Mantle Organ Tea: Pennyroyal

Folk Names Cross-Reference

Ortiga ancha: Nettle Percely: Parsley
Osier: Willow Persea: Avocado
Ouchi: Sumbul Persil: Parsley
"Our Herb": Basil Personata: Burdock
O u r Lady's Glove: Foxglove Peruvian Mastic Tree: Pepper Tree
O u r Lady's Keys: Cowslip Pesteporis: Avens
Our Lady's Mint: Spearmint Petersilie: Parsley
O u r Lady's Tears: Lily of the Val Peter's Staff: Mullein
Oval Buchu: Buchu Petroselinum: Parsley
Pewterwort: Horsetail
P Philanthropos: Agrimony
Paddock Pipes: Horsetail Philtron: Carrot
Paddy: Rice Phu: Valerian
Paeony: Peony Pigrush: Knotweed
Paigle: Cowslip Pigweed: Knotweed, Purslane
Pain-de-Porceau: Cyclamen Pigeon Berry: Poke
Palma Christi: Castor Pigeon's Grass: Vervain
Pahna Christi Root: Castor Pigeonwood: Vervain
Paraguay: Yerba Mate Piliolerian: Pennyroyal
Paralysio: Cowslip Pimpinella: Pimpernel
Partyke: Loosestrife Pinks: Potato
Pas d'ane: Coltsfoot Pipe Tree: Elder
Pasque Flower: Anemone Pipul: Bodhi
Passe Flower: Anemone Piru: Pepper Tree
Passions: Bistort Piss-A-Bed: Dandelion
Passion Vine: Passion Flower Plumrocks: Cowslip
Password: Cowslip, Primrose Pocan: Poke
Patience Dock: Bistort Poison Flag: Blue Flag
Patrick's Dock: Plantain Poison Hemlock: Hemlock
Patrick's Leaf: Plantain Poison Lily: Blue Flag
Patterns and Clogs: Toadflax Poison Parsley: Hemlock
Paw-Paw: Papaya Poison Tobacco: Henbane
Pearl Moss: Irish Moss Polar Plant: Rosemary
Peepul Tree: Bodhi Pole Cat Weed: Skunk Cabbage
Peggie: Cowslip Pokeberry Root: Poke
Pelican Flower: Snakeroot Poke Root: Poke
Pensee: Pansy Polk Root: Poke
Poor Man's Meat: Beans
Pentagram Flowers: Wax Plant Poor Man's Treacle: Garlic
Pentagram Plant: Wax Plant
Pentaphyflon: Cinquefoil

302 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Poorman's Weatherglass: Red Cockscomb: Amaranth
Pimpernel Red Elm: Slippery Elm
Porillon: Daffodil Red Eyebright: Eyebright
Pot Marjoram: Marjoram Red Eyes: Potato
Pound Garnet: Pomegranate Red Pepper: Chili Pepper
Prickly Broom: Gorse Red Raspberry: Raspberry
Priest's Crown: Dandelion Red Legs: Bistort
Princess Pine: Pipsissewa Red Robin: Knotweed
Prince's Pine: Pipsissewa Red Root: Bloodroot
Pucha-Pot: Patchouly Red Sage: Sage
Pudding Grass: Pennyroyal Red Squill: Squill
Pufrball: Dandelion Red Valerian: Valerian
Pukeweed: Lobelia Rewe: Rue
Purple Betony: Betony, Wood Rhizoma Galangae: Galangal
Purple Medic: Alfalfa Ripple Grass: Plantain
Purple Willow Herb: Loosestrife Rob Elder: Elder
PussyWillow: Willow Robin-Run-In-The-Hedge:

Q Ground Ivy
Queen of the Meadow: Rock Parsley: Parsley
Rocks: Potato
Meadowsweet Rocky Mountain Grape:
Queen Elizabeth Root: Orris
Queen's Delight: Stillengia Oregon Grape
Queen's Root: Stillengia Roden-Quicken: Rowan
Quick: Hawthorn Roden-Quicken-Royan: Rowan
Quickbane: Rowan Roynetree: Rowan
Quick Grass: Witch Grass Roman Camomile: Camomile
Roman Laurel: Bay
R Rudbeckia: Echinacea
Rabbits: Toadflax Ruddes: Marigold
Raccoon Berry: Mandrake, May Ruddles: Marigold
Rue, Meadow: Meadow Rue
Apple Ruffett: Gorse
Radix Viperina: Snakeroot Run-By-The-Ground: Pennyroyal
Ragweed: Ragwort Ruta: Rue
Rainbow Weed: Loosestrife
Ramsted: Toadflax S
Ran Tree: Rowan Sacred Bark: Cascara Sagrada
Rapuns: Radish Sacred Herb: Yerba Santa
Rattle Root: Cohosh, Black Sacred Mother: Corn
Red Bearberry: Uva Ursa Sacred Mushroom: Agaric
Red Campion: Bachelor's Buttons Sacred Tree: Bodhi
Red-Cap Mushroom: Agaric

Folk Names Cross-Reference 303

Saffer: Saffron Sealwort: Solomon's Seal

Sagackhomi: Uva Ursa Sea Onion: Squill

Sage: Sagebrush Sea Parsley: Lovage

Sage Willow: Loosestrife Sea Spirit: Bladderwrack

Sahlab: Orchid Seawrack: Bladderwrack

Sahlep: Orchid Seed of Horus: Horehound

Saille: Willow Seed of Seeds: Corn

Sailor's Tobacco: Mugwort Seetang: Bladderwrack

St. George's Herb: Valerian Selago: Club Moss

St. James' Wort: Ragwort Semihomo: Mandrake

St. John's Plant: Mugwort Sengren: Houseleek

St. Joseph's Wort: Basil Sention: Groundsel

St. Mary's Seal: Solomon's Seal Septfoil: Tormentil

St. Patrick's Leaf: Plantain Serpentary Radix: Snakeroot

Salap: Lucky Hand Serpentary Rhizome: Snakeroot
Salep: Orchid Serpent's Tongue: Adder's Tongue
Salicaire: Loosestrife Sete Wale: Valerian
Salicyn Willow: Willow Set Well: Valerian
Saloop: Orchid Seven Barks: Hydrangea
Sandberry: Uva Ursa Seven Year's Love: Yarrow
Sang: Ginseng Shamrock: Clover
Sanguinary: Yarrow Shave-Grass: Horsetail
Sanguis Draconis: Dragon's Blood Sheep Lice: Houndstongue
Sandal: Sandalwood Shepherd's Club: Mullein
Santal: Sandalwood Shepherd's Herb: Mullein
Saracen Corn: Buckwheat Shepherd's Knot: Tormentil
Satyrion: Orchid Shepherd's Weatherglass:
Saugh Tree: Willow
Pimpernel

Sawge: Sage Short Buchu: Buchu

Scabwort: Elecampane Siamese Benzoin: Benzoin

Scaffold Flower: Carnation Silver Bough, The: Apple

Scaldweed: Dodder Silver Cinquefoil: Cinquefoil

Scheiteregi: Fumitory Silverweed: Cinquefoil

Scoke: Poke Silver Dollar: Honesty

Scotch Broom: Broom Simpler's Joy: Vervain

Scottish Heather: Heather Simson: Groundsel

Sea Dew: Rosemary Skunk Weed: Skunk Cabbage

Sea Hofly: Eryngo Slan-lus: Plaintain

Sealroot: Solomon's Seal Sleepwort: Lettuce

304 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Slippery Root: Comfrey Spurge: Euphorbia
Snagree: Snakeroot Squaw Mint: Pennyroyal
Snagrel: Snakeroot Squaw Root: Cohosh, Black
Snakebite: Plantain Staggerwort: Ragwort
Snake Grape: Briony Stammerwort: Ragwort
Snake Lily: Blue Flag Stanch Griss: Yarrow
Snake's Friend: Indian Paint Brush Stanch Weed: Yarrow
Snake's Grass: Yarrow Stargrass: Ague Root
Snake's Matches: Star of the Earth: Avens
Starwort: Ague Root, Aster
Indian Paint Brush Stellaria: Lady's Mantle
Snakeweed: Steeplebush: Meadowsweet
Stepmother: Pansy
Bistort, Plaintain, Snakeroot Sticklewort: Agrimony
Snapping Hazelnut: Witch Hazel Stickwort: Agrimony, Sorrel, Wood
Sola Indianus: Sunflower Stillingia: Stillengia
Soldier's Tea: Horehound Stinging Nettle: Nettle
Soldier's Woundwort: Yarrow Stinking Nanny: Ragwort
Solidago: Goldenrod Stinking Willie: Ragwort
Solomon Seal: Solomons Seal Stinkweed: Datura, Garlic
Sol Terrestis: St. John's Wort Strangle Tare: Dodder
Sops-In-Wine: Carnation Storm Hat: Wolf's Bane
Sorb Apple: Rowan Stringy Bark Tree: Eucalyptus
Sorcerer's Berry: Belladonna Styrax: Liquidamber
Sorcerer's Herb: Datura Stubwort: Sorrel, Wood
Sorcerer's Violet: Periwinkle Succory: Chicory
Sourgrass: Sorrel, Wood Summer's Bride: Marigold
Sour Trefoil: Sorrel, Wood Sunkfield: Cinqufoil
Sow-Bread: Cyclamen Suntull: Skunk Cabbage
Spanish A r b o r Vine: Wood Rose Sureau: Elder
Spanish Saffron: Saffron Surelle: Sorrel, Wood
Sparrow's Tongue: Knotweed Swallow Herb: Celandine
Spike: Lavender Swallow-Wort: Celandine
Spider Lily: Spiderwort Swamp Cabbage: Skunk Cabbage
Spindle Tree: Wahoo Swamp Sassafras: Magnolia
Spire Mint: Spearmint Sweating Plant: Boneset
Sponnc: Coltsfoot Sweet Balm: Balm, Lemon
Spotted Alder: Witch Hazel Sweet Balsam: Balm, Lemon
Spotted Corobane: Hemlock Sweet Basil: Basil
Spotted Hemlock: Hemlock
Spousa Solis: Marigold

Folk Names Cross-Reference 305

Sweet Bay: Bay Tetterberry: Briony
Sweet Cane: Calamus Tetterwort: Celandine
Sweet Cherry: Cherry Thimbleberry: Blackberry
Sweet Dock: Bistort Thormantle: Tormentil
Sweet Elder: Elder Thorn: Hawthorn
Sweet Fennel: Fennel Thornapple: Datura
Sweet Flag: Calamus Thoroughwort: Boneset
Sweet Grass: Calamus Trior's Hat: Wolf's Bane
Sweet Gum: Liquidamber Thor's Helper: Rowan
Sweet Marjoram: Marjoram Thousand Seal: Yarrow
Sweet Root: Calamus, Licorice Three-Leaved Grass: Sorrel, Wood
Sweet Rush: Calamus Thrissles: Thistles
Sweet Scented Goldenrod: Thunderbesem: Mistletoe
Tickweed: Pennyroyal
Goldenrod Tipton Weed: St. John's Wort
Sweet Scented Life-Everlasting: Torches: Mullein
Tinne: Holly
Life-Everlasting Tittle-My-Fancy: Pansy
Sweet Sedge: Calamus Toad: Toadflax
Sweet Violet: Violet Toloache: Datura
Sweet Weed: Althea Tongue of Dog: Houndstongue
Sweet Wood: Cinnamon Tonqua: Tonka
Sweet Woodruff: Woodruff Tonquin Bean: Tonka
Swine Bread: Cyclamen Trailing Grape: Oregon Grape
Swine Snout: Dandelion Tree of Chastity: Hawthorn
Swynel Grass: Knotweed Tree of Death: Cypress
Symphonica: Henbane Tree of Doom: Elder
Synkefoyle: Cinquefoil Tree of Enchantment: Willow
Tree of Evil: Walnut
T Tree of Love: Apple
Tabacca: Tobacco Trefoil: Clover, Liverwort
Tamarindo: Tamarind Trifoil: Clover
Tamus: Briony True Love: Trillium
Tansy: Yarrow True Unicorn Root: Ague Root
Taters: Potato True Winter's Bark: Winter's Bark
Tatties: Potato Trumpet Flower: Be-Still
Taubenkropp: Fumitory Trumpet Weed:
Teaberry: Wintergreen
Tear Grass: Job's Tears Joe-Pye Weed, Meadowsweet
Teasel: Boneset Tumeric Root: Golden Seal
Tekrouri: Hemp
Temple Tree: Plumeria

306 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Tunhoof: Ground Ivy Weed: Hemp
Turnsole: Heliotrope Welcome-Home- Husband-
Though-Never-So-Drunk:
U
Unicorn Root: Ague Root Houseleek
Unshoe-Horse: Moonwort Welcome-Home-Husband-
Unyoun: Onion Though-Never-So-Late:

V Houseleek
Vada Tree: Banyan Weybroad: Plantain
Vandal Root: Valerian Whig Plant: Chamomile
Vanilla Leaf: Deerstongue Whin: Gorse
Van-Van: Vervain White Balsam: Life-Everlasting
Vapor: Fumitory White Endive: Dandelion
Vegetable Sulfur: Club Moss White Horehound: Horehound
Velvetback: Mullein White Man's Foot: Plantain
Velvet Dock: Elecampane White Sandalwood: Sandalwood
Velvet Flower: Amaranth White Saunders: Sandalwood
Velvet Plant: Mullein White Squill: Squill
Verbena: Vervain White Thorn: Hawthorn
Verge d'Or: Goldenrod White Willow: Willow
Vervan: Vervain Whitty: Rowan
Vetiver: Vetivert Wicken-Tree: Rowan
Virginia Dogwood: Dogwood Wiggin: Rowan
Virginian Poke: Poke Wiggy: Rowan
Virginian Snakeroot: Snakeroot Wiky: Rowan
Virgin Mary's Nut: Molukka Wild Ash: Rowan
Voodoo Witch Buff: Liquidamber Wild Cherry: Chicory
Wild Curcurma: Golden Seal
W Wild Endive: Dandelion
Wallwort: Comfrey Wild Hops: Briony
Walnoot: Walnut Wild Lemon: Mandrake, May Apple
Warnera: Golden Seal Wild Oregon Grape:
War Poison:
Oregon Grape
Yellow Evening Primrose Wild Sage: Sagebrush
Water Flag: Blue Flag Wild Succory: Chicory
Water Iris: Blue Flag Wild Sunflower: Elecampane
Water Parsley: Hemlock Wild Vanilla: Deerstongue
Way Bennet: Avens Wild Vine: Briony
Wax Dolls: Fumitory Wind Flower: Anemone
Waybread: Plantain
Waybroad: Plantain

Folk Names Cross-Reference

Wintera: Winter's Bark Wood of the Cross: Mistletoe

Wintera aromatica: Winter's Bark Wood-Rove: Woodruff

Winterbloom: Witch Hazel Wood Sorrel: Sorrel, Wood

Winter's Cinnamon: Winter's Bark Wood Sour: Sorrel, Wood

Wintersweet: Marjoram Wood Vine: Briony

Wishing Thorn: Sloe Woolmat: Houndstongue

Witchbane: Rowan Wound Weed: Goldenrod

Witchen: Rowan Woundwort: Goldenrod

Witches' Aspirin: Willow Wound Wort: Yarrow

Witches Bells: Foxglove Wuderove: Woodruff

Witches' Broom: Mistletoe Wymote: Althea

Witches' Grass: Witch Grass Y

Witches' Hair: Dodder Yakori bengeskro: Elder

Witches' Herb: Basil Yalluc: Comfrey

Witches' Thimble: Datura Yarroway: Yarrow

Witches Thimbles: Foxglove Yaw Root: Stillengia

Witch Buff: Liquidamber Yellow Avens: Avens

Witch Herb: Mugwort Yellow Dock: Dock

Witch's Berry: Belladonna Yellow Gentian: Gentian

Witchwood: Rowan Yellow Oleander: Be-Still

Withe: Willow Yellow Puccoon: Golden Seal

Withy: Willow Yellow Root: Golden Seal

Wolf Claw: Club Moss Yellow Sandalwood: Sandalwood

Wolf's Hair: Wolf's Bane Yerba: Yerba Mate

Wolf's Hat: Wolf's Bane Yerba Buena: Spearmint

Wolf's Milk: Euphorbia Verba del Diablo: Datura

Womandrake: Mandrake Yerba Louisa: Lemon Verbena

Wonder of the World Root: Yerw: Yarrow

Ginseng Yn-leac: Onion

W o o d Aloes: Aloes, Wood Ysopo: Hyssop

Wood Betony: Betony, Wood Yssop: Hyssop

Woodbine: Honeysuckle Z
Wood Boneset: Boneset
Zauberwurzel: Mandrake

308 Cunningham s Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Annotated Bibliography

Though the literature of magic is extensive, that relating purely to the powers
of herbs is limited. Few works in history have specifically concerned the subject;
thus this bibliography is, for the most part, composed of books in such fields as
mythology, folklore, anthropology, ethnobotany, magic and Witchcraft.

All herbals draw upon earlier writings—this one is no different. While this
list of books is representative of those I have researched, it is far from com-
plete. It is a guide for those who wish to study further.

Because of the great diversity of subject matter I have annotated this bib-
liography with pertinent comments. The edition cited is not necessarily the
most recent; simply the one consulted. Where later editions have altered
names these have been used.

Agrippa, Henry Cornelius. The Philosophy of Natural Magic. Antwerp, 1531.
Secaucus, (NJ): University Books, 1974.
This neglected work is a sound introduction to natural magic, includ-
ing that of the planets, stars, colors, herbs, and stones. Full coverage of
divinitory techniques and the elements is also included.

Aima. Ritual Book of Herbal Spells. Los Angeles: Foibles, 1976.
An herbal spellbook derived mainly from contemporary voodoo herb
magic.

Apuleius, Platonicus (or pseudo-Apuleius). Herbarium. Circa 400 C . E .
One of the early herbals, interesting mainly for its curiosity.

Bailey, Liberty Hyde. Hortus Third: A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivat-
ed in the United States And Canada. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.,
1976.
Invaluable for nomenclature.

Baker, Margaret. Folklore and Customs of Rural England. Totowa, (NJ): Row-
man & Littlefield, 1974.
A breezy, information-packed book of British country lore and magic.

Baker, Margaret. Gardeners Magic And Folklore. New York: Universe Books,
1978.
A delightful guide to rituals and magic concerned with the garden, as
well as the plants contained therein.

Banis, Victor. Charms, Spells and Curses for the Millions. Los Angeles: Sher-
bourne Press, 1970.

Bibliography 309

A somewhat sloppily composed collection of magical information gath-
ered from many uncredited sources, this book in the infamous "For the
Millions" series contains some excellent herbal lore.

Barret, Francis. The Magus, or Celestial Intelligencer. London: 1801. New Hyde
Park, (NY): University Books, 1967.
This classic work, mainly composed from ancient magical manuscripts,
contains some herbal information, particularly in relation to the plan-
ets. Most of this work was culled from Aprippa.

Beckwith, Marth. Hawaiian Mythology. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii,
1979.
This book contains information on the native Hawaiian's uses of plants
in magic and ritual.

Benedict, Ruth. Patterns of Culture. New York: Mentor Books, 1960.
In this classic of anthropology Benedict records some of the magical
uses of datura among the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, as well as
some of the Dobu islander's herb rites.

Best, Michael and Frank H. Brightman (editors). The Book of Secrets ofAlber-
tus Magnus of the Vertues of Herbs, Stones, and Certain Beasts, Also A Book of
The Marvels Of The World. Oxford: Oxford University, 1973.
A scholarly and lively discussion of (and complete presentation of) the
famous pseudo-Albertus Magnus work. It contains some very curious
writings concerning plants and their alleged powers.

Beyerl, Paul. The Holy Books of the Devas: An Herbal for the Aquarian Age.
Minneapolis: The Rowan Tree, 1980.
A poetic herbal with practical as well as esoteric information.

Blackwell, W. H. Poisonous and Medicinal Plants, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Pren-
tice Hall, 1990.

Blunt, Wilfred and Sandra Raphael. The Illustrated Herbal. New York: Thames
and Hudson, 1979.
A sumptuous guide to the history of herbals, this book also includes
many tantalizing extracts and full-color illustrations.

Boland, Bridget. Gardener's Magic and Other Old Wives' Lore. New York: Far-
rar, Straus & Giroux, 1976.
A charming book of plant and gardening folklore and magic.

310 Cunninghams Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Boland, Margaret and Bridget Boland. Old Wives' Lore For Gardeners. New
York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1976.
One more like the former.

Bolton, Brett L. The Secret Powers of Plants. New York: Berkley, 1974.
This popularized look at plants and their hidden powers contains an
excellent section on magic.

Bowness, Charles. The Witch s Gospel. London: Robert Hale, 1979.
British folklore and contemporary Wiccan practices with a bit of plant
magic thrown in.

Briggs, Katherine. The Fairies in Tradition and Literature. London: Routledge
&Kegan Paul, 1967.
A chapter in this book is entitled "Fairy Plants."

Budge, E. A. Wallis. Amulets and Talismans. New Hyde Park, (NY): University
Books, 1968.
This monumental work contains information on plants used in magic
(as well as some horrendously bad line-drawings).

Budge, E. A. Wallis. Herb Doctors and Physicians in the Ancient World: The
Divine Origin of the Craft of the Herbalist. Chicago: Ares Publishers, 1978.
An excellent work on herbalism in the Middle East in ancient times.
Some magical formulae are included.

Burland, C. A. The Magical Arts: A Short History. New York: Horizon
Press, 1966.
British and European Folk customs and magic, including that of
plants.

Burris, Eli Edward. Taboo, Magic, Spirits: A Study in Primitive Elements in
Roman Religion. New York: Macmillan, 1931.
Roman ritualistic and magical uses of plants.

Busenbark, Earnest. Symbols, Sex and the Stars in Popular Beliefs. New York:
Truth Seeker, 1949.
Plants and sexual symbolism in early religions.

Castaneda, Carlos. The Teachings of Don Juan. New York: Ballantine, 1973.
Though the "Don Juan" works have come under fire regarding their
authenticity, it cannot be argued that Castaneda researched his subject
thoroughly and knows whereof he writes. This book includes a look at
the magical use of hallucinatory plants in contemporary Arizona and
Mexico among Yaqui shamans.

Bibliography

Chappell, Helen. The Waxing Moon: A Gentle Guide to Magic. New York:
Links, 1974.
This pleasant book contains a chapter on herb magic largely drawn
from present-day voodoo practices.

Coffin, Tristram P. and Henning Cohen (editors). Folklore in America. Garden
City, (NY): Anchor Books, 1970.
Southwestern United States herb magic is included in this work.

Coles, William: The Art of Simpling. London. 1656. St. Catherine's, (Ont.):
Provoker Press, 1968.
Much information on Renaissance plant magic.

Conway, David. Magic: An Occult Primer. New York: Bantam Books, 1973.
This excellent (and dangerous) beginner's guide to ceremonial magic
also includes some plant information, some of which could be deadly
for the unprepared.

Cooper, M. R. and A. W. Johnson. Poisonous Plants and Fungi in Britain, 2nd
ed. London: The Stationary Office, 1998.

Crow, W. B. The Occult Properties of Herbs. New York: Weiser, 1974.
Crow's "shopping list" approach to writing allows him to only briefly
mention topics but many of these are interesting.

Crowley, Aleister. 777. New York: Weiser, 1973.
Crowley probably stole the bulk of this work from Samuel Mathers,
whom he did not credit. It is still an amazing group of magical corre-
spondences (including plants).

Culpeper, Nicholas. The English Physician. London: 1652. London: Foulsham,
(ND).
This most popular (and unfortunately, least reliable) herbal contains
some hints here and there on herb magic, as well as the traditional loca-
tions for finding plants (beside streams, on mossy cliffs, in fields, etc.).
Later published as Culpeper s Complete Herbal, under which title it is
still available.

Cunningham, Lady Sara. The Magical Virtues of Candles, Herbs, Incense and
Perfume. Glendale, (California): Aleph Books, 1979.
Ms. Cunningham (no relation) has produced a work of limited interest;
her section on herbs is sketchy but good. Most of the rest of this work lists
brand-name magical oils and incenses and is therefore of little value.

312 Cunninghams Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Dana, Mrs. William Starr. How to Know the Wild Flowers. New York: 1893;
New York: Dover, 1963.
This handbook is of invaluable use in identifying American plants, and
contains a few snippets of magical information.

Davis, Hubert J. (editor). The Silver Bullet and Other American Witch Stories.
Middle Village, (NY): Jonathan David Publishers, 1975.
A bit of transplanted European plant lore is included here.

de Clairemont, Lewis. Legends of Incense, Herb & Oil Magic. Dallas: Dorene
Publishing, 1966.
As with most books "written" by de Clairemont, this work is largely
pirated, some from Leyel's excellent The Magic of Herbs.

De Lys, Claudia. A Treasury of American Superstitions. New York: Philosophi-
cal Library, 1948.
Legends and myths concerning plants.

Densmore, Frances. How Indians Use Wild Plants for Food, Medicine and
Crafts. Washington, 1928. New York: Dover, 1974.
This work contains a short section on "Plants used as Charms."

Derlon, Pierre. Secrets of the Gypsies. New York: Ballantine, 1977.
Gypsy uses of plants.

Devine, M. V. Brujeria: A Study of Mexican-American Folk-Magic. St. Paul:
Llewellyn Publications, 1982.
Contemporary Mexican-American urban herb magic in the United
States, written with wit and style.

Emboden, William. Bizarre Plants: Magical, Monstrous, Mythical. New York:
Macmillan, 1974.
An unusual collection of plant information. Some shamanistic folk
uses
listed.

Emrich, Duncan. The Folklore of Love and Courtship. New York: American
Heritage Press, 1970.
A charming collection of spells and divinations, many utilizing plants.

Faulks, P. J. An Introduction of Enthnobotany. London: Moredale Publications
Ltd., 1958.
Some information on ritual uses of herbs is continued in this fascinat-
ing work.

Bibliography 313

Fettner, Ann Tucker. Potpourri, Incense and Other Fragrant Concoctions. New
York: Workman Publishing, 1977.
Some herb magic, and many quotes from Level's The Magic of Herbs.

Fielding, William J. Strange Superstitions and Magical Practices. New York:
Paperback Library. 1968.
Superstitions related to plants, sexual symbolism.

Fisher, M. F. K. A Cordiall Water. Boston: Little, Brown 8c Company, 1961.
A disorganized look at herbal medicine with a smattering of magic.

Fortune, R. F. Sorcerers ofDobu. New York: Dutton, 1963.
A fascinating account of an island people's life, in every aspect of which
magic plays an important role.

Fox, Helen Morgenthau. Gardening With Herbs for Flavor and Fragrance. New
York: Macmillan, 1934.
This delightful book contains a chapter entitled "The Witches' Caul-
dron," and details European magical herbalism. Most of the informa-
tion contained herein, however, is commonly found elsewhere.

Frazer, James. The Golden Bough. New York: Macmillan, 1958.
This one-volume edition is quite long enough (as opposed to the thir-
teen-volume set) and contains much information on religious and rit-
ual significance of plants. Mr. Frazer's conclusions, however, must be
taken with a large grain of salt.

Friend, Hilderic. Flower Lore. London, 1884. Rocktop, (ME): Para Research,
1981.
A fabulous book brimming with herb magic, once again available. Writ-
ten before the turn of the century this volume records much country
herb lore that would have probably been lost otherwise. Also contains
Far Eastern herb magic.

Fuller T. C. and McClintock. Poisonous Plants of California, Berkeley CA: U of
C Press, 1986.

Gamache, Henri. The Magic of Herbs. Highland Falls, (NY): Sheldon Publica-
tions, 1942.
A popular study of herbs, with an emphasis on mythological associa-
tions rather than magical uses. Almost worthless.

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Gerard, John. The Herhall, or General! Historie of Plants. London, 1597. New
York: Dover, 1975.
This massive volume, though written by an occult skeptic, nonetheless
records many examples of herb magic current at the time of its writ-
ing.

Gilmore, Melvin R. Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region.
Lincoln, (NE): University of Nebraska Press, 1977.
This work contains a large amount of information regarding Native
American herb magic.

Goodyer, John (translator). The Greek Herbal of Dioscorides. 1655. New York:
Hafner, 1968.
A classic herbal preserving much magic.

Gordon, Leslie. A Country Herbal. New York: Mayflower, 1980.
A beautiful book peppered with magic.

Gordon, Leslie. Green Magic. New York: Viking Press, 1977.
Myths and legends surrounding plants.

Grammary, Ann. The Witches' Workbook. New York: Pocket Books, 1973.
A modern spellbook containing some herb magic.

Graves, Robert. The White Goddess. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux,
1976.
Grave's poetic account of one aspect of the Mother Goddess, although
filled with wild speculation, contains some excellent mythic and ritual
information concerning plants and trees.

Gregor, Arthur S. Amulets, Talismans and Fetishes. New York: Scribner's,
1975.
A popular study illustrated with many spells.

Grieve, M. A Modern Herbal. New York: 1931; New York: Dover, 1971.
A massive two-volume set edited by Mrs. Leyel from a series of pam-
phlets, A Modern Herbal contains a wealth of magical and ritual infor-
mation regarding herbs.

Griffith, F. L. and Herbert Thompson. The Leyden Papyrus. London: 1904;
New York: Dover, 1974.
An ancient Egyptian magical book which contains a little herb magic.

Grigson, Geoffrey. A Herbal of All Sorts. New York: Macmillan, 1959.
All sorts of herb magic.

Bibliography

Gutmanis, June. Kahuna Laau Lapaau. Honolulu: Island Heritage Limited,
1979.
A detailed account of plant medicine and magic in ancient and contem-
porary Hawaii.

Haining, Peter. The Warlocks Book: Secrets of Black Magic From The Ancient
Grimoires. Secaucus, (NJ): Citadel, 1973.
A popularized, over-written collection of spells culled from old
manuscripts.

Hansen, Harold. The Witch's Garden. Santa Cruz: Unity Press, 1978.
Translated from the Dutch, this work is an investigation into some of
the poisonous plants used in magic. No practical information.

Harner, Michael J. (editor). Hallucinogens and Shamanism. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1973.
A scholarly and informative collection of essays detailing psychotomi-
metic plants and their uses in religion and magic.

Haskins, Jim. Voodoo & Hoodoo: Their Tradition and Craft as Revealed by
Actual Practitioners, New York: Stein & Day, 1978.
Some plant information is included in this fascinating study.

Hayes, Carolyn H. Pergemin: Perfumes, Incenses, Colors, Birthstones, Their
Occult Properties and Uses, Chicago: Aries Press, 1937.
Many interesting incense formulae, most of which were included in Leo
Vinci's later book Incense.

Healey, B. J. A Gardeners Guide to Plant Names. New York: Charles Scribner's
Sons, 1972.
An invaluable guide to taxonomy.

Heffern, Richard. The Herb Buyer's Guide. New York: Pyramid 1973.
Little magical information but a great resource.

Helfman, Elizabeth S. Maypoles and Wood Demons: The Meaning of Trees. New
York: Seabury Press, 1972.
A children's book of tree myths and magic.

Hohman, John George. Pow-Wows, Or the Long Lost Friend. Dallas: Dorene
Publishing, N.D.
A compilation of spells, many Christianized, which preserve some herb
magic.

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

*•

Hole, Christina. Witchcraft In England. London: Batsford Ltd., 1940.
Some information on country herb magic.

Hoyt, Charles Alv. Witchcraft. Carbondale, (IL): Southern Illinois University
Press, 1981.
One chapter discusses the "pharmacological" school of Witchcraft, con-
centrating, as usual, on the poisonous plants.

Huson, Paul. Mastering Herbalism. New York: Stein & Day, 1974.
A short section on herb magic, much of which is reprinted from the
author's Mastering Witchcraft.

Huson, Paul. Mastering Witchcraft. New York: Berkley, 1971.
One of the books that aided the occult craze of the late 60s and early
70s in the United States, Huson covers European herb magic fairly well,
although it is scattered throughout the book.

lacob, Dorothy. A Witch's Guide to Gardening. New York: Taplinger, 1965.
European herb magic is well represented, as is plant mythology and
folklore.

Jacob, Dorothy. Cures and Curses. New York: Taplinger, 1967.
This book is a companion volume to A Witch's Guide to Gardening and
contains a chapter on herb magic.

lones, T. Gwynn. Welsh Folklore and Folk-Custom. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer,
1979.
British herb magic and folklore.

Kamm, Minnie Watson. Old-Time Herbs for Northern Gardens. Boston: Little,
Brown & Co., 1938.
Folk names and ritual uses by the ancients.

Kenyon, Theda. Witches Still Live. New York: Washburn, 1939.
Some herb magic and folklore.

King, Dr. Ann I. Private paper on plant toxicity. Co-operative Extension 625
Miramontes STE 200 Half Moon Bay CA 94019: U of CA.

Kittredge, George Lyman. Witchcraft in Old and New England. New York: Rus-
sel 8c Russel, 1956.
Some medieval and Renaissance herb magic can be found in this work.

Kluckhorn, Clyde. Navajo Witchcraft. Boston: Beacon Press, 1970.
Information relating to datura.

Bibliography 317

Krutch, Joseph Wood. Herbal. Boston: David R. Godine, 1965.
European herb magic and a good article on the mandrake.

Krythe, Maymie. All About the Months. New York: Harper and Row, 1966.
Herb magic is contained in some of the sections on flowers of the
months.

Lathrop, Norma Jean. Herbs: How to Select, Grow and Enjoy. Tucson: HP
Books, 1981.
No herb magic but a delightful book of herb gardening.

Lea, H. C. Materials Toward a History of Witchcraft. New York: Thomas Yosel-
off, 1957.
Herb magic taken from legal records, pamphlets, and old works.

Leach, Maria (editor). Funk & WagnalVs Standard Dictionary of Folklore,
Mythology and Legend. New York: Funk & Wagnall's, 1972.
A mammoth work with much plant lore.

Leek, Sybil. Cast Your Own Spell. New York: Pinnacle, 1970.
Ms. Leek includes some standard herb magic in this work.

Leek, Sybil. Herbs: Medicine and Mysticism. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co.,
1975.
Astrological and planetary associations of herbs.

Leek, Sybil. Sybil Leek's Book of Herbs. New York: Thomas Nelson, 1973.
Legends and myths surrounding herbs.

Leland, Charles Godfrey. Etruscan Magic and Occult Remedies. New Hyde
Park, (NY): University Books, 1963.
Magical herbal information collected in Italy in the late 1800s.

Leland, Charles Godfrey. Gypsy Sorcery and Fortune-Telling. New York: Dover,
1971.
Gypsy plant lore and magic.

Leyel, C. F. Herbal Delights. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1938.
Folk names.

Leyel, C. F. The Magic of Herbs. New York: 1927. Toronto: Coles Publishing,
1981.
The most-quoted book of its kind, Mrs. Level's work is a classic. It con-
tains detailed spells and uses of herbs culled from ancient manuscripts
in the British Museum.

318 Cunninghams Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Lust, John. The Herb Book. New York: Bantam, 1974.
Helpful for nomenclature, particularly folk names. This book includes
some magical and mythic information.

Mabey, Richard. Plantcraft: A Guide to the Everyday Use of Wild Plants. New
York: Universe Books, 1977.
A bit of plant magic .

Maple, Eric. The Dark World of Witches. New York: Pegasus, 1970.
This excellent work contains a chapter on folk magic.

Maple, Eric. The Magic of Perfume. New York: Weiser, 1973.
A short introduction to the magical aspects of scent.

Maple, Eric. Superstition and the Superstitious. Hollywood: Wilshire, 1973.
Some plant and herb magic is included in this delightful work.

Marwick, Max (editor). Witchcraft and Sorcery. Middlesex: Penguin Books,
1970.
Some of the essays contain plant magic.

Masse, Henri. Persian Beliefs and Customs. New Haven, (CT): Human Rela-
tions Area Files, 1954.
Persian (Iranian) folk magic and superstitions, some of which concerns
plants.

Mathers, Samuel (translator, editor). The Key of Solomon. New York: Weiser,
1972.
This work, like most grimoires, was written with the assumption that its
audience was knowledgeable in the magical arts. Therefore, no lengthy
instruction is given in herb magic here, for this was common knowledge.
However, Mathers' version (pieced together from many extant manu-
scripts) does include some spells involving plants.

McGuffin, M. et al. Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, (FL): American
Herbal Retailer's Association CRC Press, 1997.

Meyer, Clarence. 50 Years of the Herbalist Almanac. Glenwood, (IL): Meyer-
books, 1977.
This collection of essays from the Herbalist Almanac includes some
American Indian herb magic.

Meyer, Clarence. The Herbalist. 1960.
Excellent for nomenclature, especially for Native American plants.

Bibliography 319

Mickaharic, Draja. Spiritual Cleansing: A Handbook of Psychic Protection. York
Beach, (ME): Weiser, 1982.
A somewhat peculiarly written book, Spiritual Cleansing offers some
valuable information regarding plants and their magical qualities.
Heavily Christianized.

Mulligan G. A., et al. Poisonous Plants of Canada. Ottawa: Canada Dept. of
Agriculture, 1990.

Murphy, Edith Van Allen. Indian Uses of Native Plants. Fort Bragg (Califor-
nia): Mendocino County Historical Society, 1950.
This book has a short section of plants used in magic and ceremonies.

Paulsen, Kathryn. The Complete Book of Magic and Witchcraft. New York: Sig-
net, 1980.
A well-researched and footnoted work, it contains a large section on
plant magic, drawing on both European and native American uses.

Paulsen, Kathryn. Witches' Potions and Spells. Mount Vernon, (NY): Peter
Pauper Press, 1971.
Spells involving plants.

Pelton, Robert W. The Complete Book of Voodoo. New York: Berkley Medal-
lion, 1973.
Though vulgarized and popularized, this work contains one of the
most
complete listings of voodoo herb uses, obviously drawn for a large vari-
ety of sources.

Pepper, Elizabeth and John Wilcox. Witches All. New York: Grosset & Dunlap,
1977.
This compilation of the authors' annual The Witches Almanac includes
a section on plants.

Petulengr, "Gipsy." A Romany Life. London: Metheun 8c Co., Ltd., 1935.
A rambling account of a Gypsy's life, with some magic and herb spells
thrown in for good measure.

Pliny the Elder (Caius Plinius Secundus). Natural History. Cambridge: Har-
vard University Press, 1956.
This work, written by a Roman in the first century C . E . , is a catalog of
nature as Pliny knew it. In the sections on plants he records many super-
stitions and magical uses which were current nearly 2,000 years ago.

320 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Porta, John Baptista. Natural Magic. Naples, 1558; London, 1658. New York:
Basic Books, 1957.
In this classic work Porta preserves some herb magic.

Porteous, Alexander. Forest Folklore, Mythology and Romance. London: George
Allen 8c Unwin, 1928.
Superstitions and magic concerning trees.

Radford, E. and M. A. Radford. Encyclopedia of Superstitions. Revised and
edited by Christina Hole. London: Hutchinson, 1961.
British floral and herbal superstitions and magic.

Randolph, Vance. Ozark Superstitions. New York: Cambridge University Press,
1947.
Plant magic collected in the Ozarks.

Riva, Anna. The Modern Herbal Spellbook. Toluca Lake, (CA): International
Imports, 1974.
The prolific Anna Riva relied mainly on voodoo herb magic when writ-
ing this book, though some European uses are also included. Strangely
enough, cosmetic and medicinal directions are also given.

Rose, Jeanne. Herbs and Things: Jeanne Roses Herbal. New York: Grosset 8c
Dunlap, 1972.
Jeanne Rose communicates some popular herbal magic in this excellent
introduction to herbalism.

Rose, Jeanne. Jeanne Roses Herbal Guide to Inner Health. New York: Grosset
8c Dunlap, 1979.
More plant magic.

Rosengarten, Frederick. The Book of Spices. New York: Pyramid, 1975.
Historical legends and myths surrounding herbs.

Saxon, Lyle (editor). Gumbo Ya-Ya. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1945.
Louisiana voodoo herb magic.

Schmidt, Phillip. Superstition and Magic. Westminster, (MD): The Newman
Press, 1963.
Written by a Jesuit, this book attempts to show the horrors of the
occult while revealing some excellent magical procedures. Herbal lore
is included.

Bibliography

Schultes, Richard Evans. Hallucinogenic Plants. Racine, (Wl); Western Pub-
lishing Co., 1976.
A popularized yet detailed account of hallucinogenic plants and the role
they play in shamanism.

Scot, Reginald. The Discoverie of Witchcraft. London: 1584. New York: Dover,
1972.
A classic on the subject, Mr. Scot records some herb magic in this book
along with a host of spells, divinations, exorcisms and charms.

Shah, Sayed Idries. Oriental Magic. New York: Philosophical Library, 1957.
Shah includes some plant magic in this excellent and entertaining
account.

Shah, Sayed Idries. The Secret Lore of Magic. New York: Citadel, 1970.
A compilation of ancient grimoires with some plant magic.

Shah, Sirdar Ikbal Ali. Occultism: Its Theory and Practice. New York: Castle
Books, N.D.
Herb magic of the West and Middle East is included in this fascinating
work.

Sharon, Douglas. Wizard of the Four Winds: A Shamans Story. New York: The
Free Press, 1978.
This account of Peruvian shamanism (and a Peruvian shaman) discuss-
es some of the plants used in magic, particularly hallucinogens.

Shosteck, Robert. Flowers and Plants: An International Lexicon. New York:
Quadrangle/The New York Times Book Co., 1974.
Invaluable for nomenclature, this work also contains a bit of herb
magic.

Simmons, Adelma Grenier. Herb Gardening in Five Seasons. Princeton: D. Van
Nostrand Co., 1964.
Herbal mythology and magic.

Singer, Charles. From Magic to Science. New York: Dover, 1958.
Excellent coverage of English plant magic in early times.

Slater, Herman (editor). The Magical Formulary. New York: Magickal Childe,
1981.
A book of incense, oil and powder formulas, mostly derived from voo-
doo practices.

322 Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Spence. The History and Origins of Druidism. New York: Weiser, 1971.
Contains some interesting information on oak and mistletoe, but Mr.
Spence is not to be trusted in his works. Too often he mistakes wild
speculation for firm facts.

Spence. The Mysteries of Britain. London: Aquarian Press, 1970.
More plant lore from Britain and a great deal of speculation regarding
ancient British religion.

Thistleton-Dyer, T. F. The Folklore of Plants. Detroit: Singing Tree Press, 1968.
Contains much herb magic and folklore.

Thompson, C. J. S. The Mysteries and Secrets of Magic. London: 1927. New
York: Olympia Press, 1972.
An invaluable book with a chapter on herbs used in magic.

Thompson, C. J. S. The Mystery and Lure of Perfume. Philadelphia: J. B. Lip-
pincott 8c Co., 1927.
A fascinating account of perfumery and magical oils.

Thompson, C. J. S. The Mystic Mandrake. New Hyde Park (New York): Uni-
versity Books, 1968.
Many spells and legends concerning the mandrake, as well as general
plant magic information.

Thompson, Dorothy Burr and Ralph Griswold. Garden Lore of Ancient Ath-
ens. Princeton (New Jersey): American School of Classical Studies at Athens,
1963.
A small booklet with ancient Greek ritual and magical plant uses.

Thorwald, Jurgen. Science and Secrets of Early Medicine. New York: Harcourt,
Brace & World, 1963.
Herb magic as related to ancient medicine.

Thompkins, Peter and Christopher Bird. The Secret Life of Plants, New York:
Avon Books, 1974.
The big plant book of the 1970s. It doesn't discuss magical information
but does provide an intriguing look into the hidden powers of plants.

Tondriau, Julien: The Occult: Secrets of the Hidden World. Plant magic is
among the "secrets" listed herein.

Tindall, Gillian. A Handbook on Witches. London: Arthur Baker, 1965.
This book includes a chapter on folk magic in which plants figure
prominently.

Bibliography 323

Torkelson, Anthony R. The Cross Name Index to Medicinal Plants v. 1-3, Boca
Raton, (FL): CRC Press, 1996.

Trueman, John. The Romantic Story of Scent. New York: Doubleday, 1975.
A book of the history of scents and oils. Little magic but much mythol-
ogy.

Trigg, Elwood. Gypsy Demons and Divinities. Secaucus, (NJ): Citadel, 1973.
Gypsy plant magic.

Vahente, Doreen. Natural Magic. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1975.
Herb magic is among the types discussed in this book.

Valiente, Doreen. Where Witchcraft Lives. London: Aquarian Press, 1962.
British folk magic involving herbs is mentioned briefly.

Verrffl, A. Hyatt. Perfumes and Spices. New York: L. C. Page, 1940.
Historical sketches of herbs.

Vinvi, Leo. Incense: Its Ritual Significance, Use and Preparation. New York:
Weiser, 1980.
A guide to incense.

Waring, Phillipa. A Dictionary of Omens and Superstitions. New York: Ballan-
tine, 1979.
Plants and herbs related to superstitions and divinations are examined.

Weslager, C. A. Magic Medicines of the Indians. New York: Signet, 1974.
Though not as fully covered as I would wish, this book does mention
American Indian herb magic.

Wheelwright, Edith Grey. Medicinal Plants and Their History. New York:
Dover, 1974.
A history of medicinal herbalism with some magic as well.

Westbooks, R. G. and J. W. Preacher. Poisonous Plants of Eastern North
America, Columbia, (SC): University of South Carolina Press, 1986.

Whitman, John. The Psychic Power of Plants. London: Star Books, 1974.
Plants and modern scientific research.

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs

Index

Acacia, 25 Blueberry, 62 Comfort, 90 Geranium, 124
Adam and Eve Roots, 25 Blue Flag, 62 Coral, 90 Ginger, 125
Adder's Tongue, 26 Bodhi, 62 Coriander, 91 Ginseng, 126
African Violet, 26 Boneset, 63 Corn, 91 Goat's Rue, 126
Agaric, 26 Borage, 64 Colton, 92 Goldenrod, 127
Agrimony, 27 Bracken, 64 Cowslip, 93 Golden Seal, 127
Ague Root, 28 Brazil Nut, 64 Crocus, 94 Gorse, 128
Alfalfa, 28 Briony, 65 Cubeb, 94 Gotu Kola, 128
Alkanet, 28 Bromeliad, 65 Cucumber, 95 Gourd, 128
Allspice, 29 Broom (herb), 66 Cumin, 95 Grain, 129
Almond, 29 Buchu, 66 Curry, 96 Grains of Paradise, 129
Aloe, 30 Buckthorn, 67 Cyclamen, 96 Grape, 130
Aloes, Wood, 31 Buckwheat, 68 Cypress, 97 Grass, 130
AJthea, 31 Burdock, 68 Daffodil, 98 Ground Ivy, 130
Alyssum, 32 Cabbage, 69 Daisy, 98 Harmony, 131
Amaranth, 32 Cactus, 69 Damiana, 99 Hawthorn, 131
Anemone, 33 Calamus, 70 Dandelion, 99 Hazel, 132
Angelica, 34 Camellia, 70 Datura, 100 Heather, 133
Anise, 34 Camphor, 71 Deerstongue, 101 Heliotrope, 134
Apple, 35 Caper, 71 Devil's Bit, 101 Hellebore, 134
Apricot, 37 Caraway, 72 Devil's Shoestring, 102 Hemlock, 135
Arabic Gum, 38 Cardamon, 72 Dill, 102 Hemp, 135
Arbutus, 38 Carnation, 73 Dittany of Crete, 103 Henbane, 136
Asafoetida, 38 Carob, 73 Dock, 103 Henna, 137
Ash, 39 Carrot, 74 Dodder, 104 Hibiscus, 137
Aspen,40 Cascara Sagrada, 74 Dogbane, 104 Hickory, 138
Aster, 41 Cashew, 74 Dogwood, 105 High John
Avens, 41 Castor, 75 Dragon's Blood, 105 the Conqueror, 138
Avocado, 42 Catnip, 75 Dulse, 106 Holly, 139
Bachelor's Buttons, 42 Cat Tail, 76 Dutchman's Breeches, 106 Honesty, 140
Balm, Lemon, 43 Cedar, 76 Ebony, 107 Honeysuckle, 140
Balm of Gilead, 44 Celandine, 77 Echinacea, 107 Hops,'141
Bamboo, 44 Celery, 77 Edelweiss, 107 Horehound, 141
Banana, 45 Centaury, 78 Elder, 108 Horse Chestunut, 142
Banyan, 46 Chamomile, 78 Elecampane, 110 Horseradish, 142
Barley, 47 Cherry, 79 Elm, 110 Horsetail, 142
Basil, 47 Chestnut, 73 Endive, 111 Houndstongue, 143
Bay, 49 Chickweed, 80 Eryngo, 111 Flouseleek, 143
Bean,50 Chicory, 81 Eucalyptus, 112 Huckleberry, 144
Bedstraw, Fragrant, 51 Chili Pepper, 81 Euphorbia, 112 Hyacinth, 144
Beech, 52 China Berry, 82 Eyebright, 113 Hydrangea, 145
Beet, 52 Chrysanthemum, 82 Fennel, 113 Flyssop, 145
Belladonna, 52 Cinchona, 83 Fenugreek, 114 Indian Paint Brush, 145
Benzoin, 53 Cinnamon, 83 Fern, 115 Iris, 146
Bergamot, Orange, 54 Cinqufoil, 84 Feverfew, 116 Iris Irish Moss, 146
Bergamot, Wild, 54 Citron, 85 Fig, 116 Ivy, 146
Be-Still, 55 CleavTers, 85 Figwort, 117 Jasmine, 147
Betony, Wood, 55 Citrus limon, 136 Flax, 117 Job's Tears, 148
Birch, 56 Cloth-Of-Gold, 85 Fleabane, 118 Joe-Pye Weed, 148
Bistort, 57 Clove, 86 Foxglove, 119 Juniper, 148
Bittersweet, 57 Clover, 86 Frankincense, 119 Kava-Kava, 159
Blackberry, 58 Club Moss, 87 Fumitory, 120 Knotweed, 150
Bladderwrack, 59 Coconut, 88 Fuzzy Weed, 121 Lady's Mantle, 151
Bleeding Heart, 60 Cohosh, Black, 88 Galangal, 121 Lady's Slipper, 151
Bloodroot, 61 Coltsfoot, 89 Gardenia, 122 Larch, 151
Bluebell, 62 Columbine, 89 Garlic, 122 Larkspur, 152

Index

Lavender, 152 Norfolk Island Pine, 183 Quassia, 213 Tulip, 248
Lemon, 154 Nutmeg, 184 Quine,2l3 Turmeric, 248
Lemongrass, 155 Nuts, 184 Radish, 214 Turnip, 249
Lemon Kerbena, 155 Oak, 185 Ragweed, 214 Tamarind, 239
Lettuce, 156 Oats, 186 Ragwort, 214 Tamarisk, 239
Licorice, 156 Oleander, 186 Raspberry, 215 Tansy, 240
Life-Everlasting, 157 Olive, 187 Rattlesnake Root, 215 Tea, 240
Lilac, 157 Onion, 188 Rhubarb, 216 Thistle, 241
Lily, 158 Orange, 189 Rice, 216 Thistle, Holy, 242
Lily of the Valley, 158 Orchid, 190 Roots, 217 Thistle, Milk, 242
Lime, 159 Oregon Grape 191 Rose, 217 Thyme, 242
Linden, 159 Orris, 191 Rosemary, 218 Ti, 243
Liquidamber, 160 Palm Date, 192 Rowan,219 Toadflax, 244
Liverwort, 161 Pansy, 192 Rue, 220 Toadstool, 244
Lobelia, 161 Papaya, 193 Rye, 221 Tobacco, 245
Loosestrife, 161 Papyrus, 193 Saffron, 222 Tomato, 246
Lotus, 162 Parosela, 194 Sage, 223 Tonka, 246
Lovage, 163 Parsley, 194 Sagebrush, 224 Tormentil, 247
Love Seed, 163 Passion Flower, 195 St. John's Wort, 2 2 4 Tragacanth Gum, 247
Lucky Hand,163 Patchouly, 195 Sandalwood, 225 Trillium, 248
Mace, 164 Pea, 196 Sandarac Gum, 226 Uva Ursa, 249
Maguey, 164 Peach, 196 Sasparilla, 226 Valerian, 250
Magnolia, 165 Pear, 197 Sassafras, 227 Vanilla, 2 5 0
Mahogany, Mountain, 165 Pecan, 197 Savory, Summer 227 Venus' Flytrap, 251
Maidenhair, 166 Pennyroyal, 198 Scullcap, 227 Vervain, 251
Male Fern, 166 Peony, 199 Senna, 228 Vetch, Giant, 253
Mallow, 160 Pepper, 199 Sesame, 228 Vetivert, 254
Mandrake, 167 Peppermint, 200 Shallot, 229 Violet, 254
Maple, 168 Pepper Tree, 201 Skunk Cabbage, 229 Wahoo, 255
Marigold, 169 Periwinkle, 201 Slippery Elm, 229 Walnut, 255
Marjoram, 170 Persimmon, 202 Sloe, 230 Wax Plant, 256
Masterwort, 170 Pilot Weed, 203 Wheat, 256
Mastic, 171 Pimento, 203 Snakeroot, Black, 230 Willow, 257
May Apple, 171 Pimpernel, 204 Snapdragon, 231 Wintergreen, 258
Meadow Rue, 172 Pine, 204 Solomon's Seal, 232 Winter's Bark, 259
Meadowsweet, 172 Pineapple, 205 Sorrel, Wood, 232 Witch Grass, 259
Mesquite, 173 Pipsissewa, 206 Southernwood, 233 Witch Hazel, 259
Mimosa, 173 Pistachio, 206 Spanish Moss, 233 Wolf's Bane, 260
Mint, 174 Plantain, 206 Spearmint, 233 Wood Rose, 260
Mistletoe, 175 Plum, 207 Spiderwort, 234 Woodruff, 261
Molukka, 176 Plum, Wild, 207 Spikenard, 234 Wormwood, 261
Moonwort, 176 Plumeria, 208 Squill, 235 Yarrow, 262
Morning Glory, 177 Poke, 208 Star Anise, 235 Yellow Evening
Moss, 177 Pomegranate, 209 Stillengia, 236
Mugwort, 178 Poplar, 210 Straw, 236 Primrose, 263
Mulberry, 179 Poppy, 210 Strawberry, 236 Yerba Mate, 264
Mullein,'179 Potato, 211 Sugar Cane, 237 Yerba Santa, 264
Mustard, 180 Prickly Ash, 212 Sumbul, 237 Yew, 2 6 4
Myrrh, 181 Primrose, 212 Sunflower, 237 Yohimbe, 265
Myrtle, 182 Purslane, 212 Sweetgrass, 238 Yucca, 265
Sweetpea, 238

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