Lifestyle 4

Read the grammar chart.

Be able to
We use be able to when we talk about a particular situation.

be in past tense + subject + able to + was Karl able to speak French when he
verb + complement? lived in France?

was/ were

wasn’t/ weren’t

be in present tense + subject + able to + Is Karl able to speak English fluently?
verb + complement?

am/ are

will + subject + be + able to + verb + will I be able to speak English Fluently?
complement?

won’t

Complete and practice the sentences with a classmate.

1. A: (Was / Were) he able to finish his homework last night?

B: No, he wasn't. He fell asleep.

2. A: (Was / Were) you able to make your bed in the morning?

B: Yes, I was. Actually, I even cleaned my room.

3. A: (Was / Were) your brother able to play soccer when he was a kid?

B: Yes, he was. Actually, he was in a team.

4. A: (Am / Is / Are) you able to speak English fluently?

B: No yet. However, I'm taking classes now.

5. A: (Am / Is / Are) you able to read 100 pages a day?

B: No, I am not. I don't even read.

101

Complete the table with questions you will ask three classmates. Follow the
examples. Then, share their answers in class.

Questionnaire In the morning Today This weekend

Example: Were you able to Are you able to do Will you be able
Classmate name go jogging in the homework today? to play soccer this
morning? Sunday?

Classmate name

Classmate name

Classmate name

Karl, Irene and Joseph

Read carefully the following text.

Irene
Hello! My name is Irene and I'm from Mexico. I'm a receptionist at an architect studio. This
is my first job because I just finished high school! I am really organized and independent.
I just turned out 18. Sometimes I am able to stay pensive at my desk for hours. From now
on, I will be able to start saving money for a car.

Karl
Hi! My name is Karl. I am an architect and a photographer. I love drawing and taking
photographs. I am able to notice colors and shapes. For me it's so important talking, my
mom says I was talkative since I was a little boy. From now on, I will be able to sing because
I'm taking singing lessons.

Joseph
Hey! My name is Joseph and I love sports. In addition, I really enjoy talking and meeting
people. I have a lot of friends in high school. A lot of people think I only care about sports,
but that is not true. I also love reading and writing and I can do it remarkably fast. I am
even able to write poems, can you believe it? I hope that I will get into college. Right there,
I will be able to take writing lessons. College is going to be awesome because I will be able
to do two of my favorite things: playing baseball and writing poetry.

102

Answer the questions.
1. How is Irene?
2. What is Karl able to notice?
3. What else is Karl able to do?
4. How is Joseph?
5. What else is he able to do beyond those sports?

Answer the questionnaire and discover what kind of intelligence you have. Share
your ideas in class.

Intelligence test!

1. Are you able to a) Yes!
resolve complex math b) No!
operations without a If you said yes, you’re probably a logical person.
calculator?

2. Are you able to talk with a) Yes!
strangers for hours? b) No!
If you said yes, you’re probably a talkative person.

3. Are you able to notice a) Yes!

sounds and noise all the b) No!

time? If you said yes, you probably are a good listener.

4. Are you able to draw and a) Yes!
paint? b) No!
If you said yes, you must be creative.

5. Are you able to be silent a) Yes!
and alone for hours? b) No!
If you said yes, you can be pensive and introvert.

6. Are you able to dance a) Yes!
well? b) No!
If you said yes, you may be kinetic and good at sports.

7. Are you able to read and a) Yes!
write with passion? b) No!
If you said yes, you might be analytical and linguistically
intelligent.

103

8. Are you able to take care a) Yes!
of plants? b) No!
If you said yes, you might be sensitive and a naturalist.
9. Are you able to
understand your a) Yes!
thoughts and feelings b) No!
easily? If you said yes, you might be an intrapersonal person.

10. Are you able to advise a) Yes!
your friends wisely? b) No!
If you said yes, you might be empathetic and linguistically
11. Are you able to intelligent.
understand the meaning
of weird words without a a) Yes!
dictionary? b) No!
If you said yes, you might be linguistically intelligent.
12. Are you able to foretell
the weather? a) Yes!
b) No!
If you said yes, you are a naturalist.

Read the grammar chart.

Be able to

We use be able to when we talk about a particular situation.

Subject + be + able to + verb + complement. I am able to do my homework last night.
You are able to work today.
am / is / are (present)
was / were (past) They will be able to play soccer tomorrow.
will be (future)

Subject + be + able to + verb + complement. I wasn’t able to do my homework last night.
You are not able to work today.
am not / is not / are not
wasn’t / weren’t They won’t be able to play soccer tomorrow.
isn’t / aren’t
won’t

be + subject + able to + verb + complement? Was I able to do my homework last night?
am / is / are (present) Are you able to work today?

was / were (past) Will they be able to play soccer tomorrow?

will + subject + be+ able to + verb +
complement? (future)

104

Unscramble the sentences.
1. able / My mom / to organize / everything. / is

2. wasn't / independent. / She / to be / able

3. Was / to sell / able / the car? / the sales agent

4. to write / My counselor / able / with both hands. / is

5. able / The photographer / to work / isn't / with us today.

6. able / the architect / to design / Is / museums?

7. to the forest? / able / will / my classmates / to go / be

8. My friends / the party. / to go / be able / won't

9. The soccer team / able / the championship. / to win / will be

10. my homework. / be / I / won't / to finish / able

Talk with a partner about what you were able to do when you were a kid.
105

Lesson Project

A short text about Alicia and Luka

For this lesson project, you will write a short text
about your physical capacity to do something by
using the verb to be able to. Show the class your
text and practice it with your classmates. The topic
is open, though we recommend you to work with
something you are familiar or using easy to follow
vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric

Excellent Good In process

The student identifies his/
her physical capacity to do
something.

The student understands
what the verb to be able to
is.

The student understands
the difference between can
and to be able to.

The student uses grammar
efficiently.

The student uses
vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone
to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/QryiwtF

Coevaluation

In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You
may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him.

Criteria

My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in
English according to the needed structure
and vocabulary.
My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her
other partners.
My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment

Criteria

I can remember what adverbs are.

I can use vocabulary related to
intensifiers.
I can use intensifiers.

I can understand what intensifiers are.

warmer Lesson 2

Talk about gerund grammar form in class. Share some sentences and comment
what you know about gerund rules.

Check the boxes of the things you like to do. Then, write five sentences. You will
read your sentences in class.

Relaxing at home Painting a picture Cooking
Going for a coffee Cleaning the house Chatting with friends.
Talking with friends Going for a walk
Making new friends Playing football

Sentence 1: ______________________________________________________________________________________.
Sentence 2: _____________________________________________________________________________________.
Sentence 3: _____________________________________________________________________________________.
Sentence 4: _____________________________________________________________________________________.
Sentence 5: _____________________________________________________________________________________.

Shopping Vocabulary

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

1

1 1 1. frying pan
1 2. fishing rod
3. bathing suit
1 4. sewing machine
1 5. running shoes
6. punching bag
1 7. living room
8. shaving cream
1 9. shopping list
1 10. shopping cart

1

108

Match the sentence halves and then rewrite them on the lines below.

1. Driving at high speed… ( ) a. …can be helpful for getting a rise.
2. Working overtime… ( ) b. …help you have knowledge.
3. Eating healthy is important… ( ) c. …is not polite.
4. Making fun of others… ( ) d. …is dangerous.
5. Reading books… ( ) e. …if you practice sports.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Read the grammar chart.

Gerunds

Gerunds are derived forms of verbs that act as nouns. They are formed by adding -ing.
They can take the form of adjectives, subjects, and complements.

Adjectives are words that describe qualities. Gerunds Example:
can sometimes be used as adjectives when they give
Gerunds as adjectives information about the subject. They are formed by Swimming pool: Pool for
adding -ing to verb. swimming (Gerund)

Sometimes present participle forms can be mistaken Swimming children: Children
with gerunds. To differentiate between them you can for swimming (Present
participle)
reconstruct the phrase using for.

Gerunds as subjects Gerunds can be used as subjects in a sentence. They Driving fast is dangerous.
follow this structure: Subject + gerund + verb

Gerunds as When the gerund is used as a complement, it follows this I always dreamt of going to
complements
structure: Subject + verb + gerund Canada.

109

Listen to the recording. Fill the blanks with the words you hear.

PERSONALITY TYPES

Every one of us has different determined by our preferences. The

things we do, the way we act and think conform our personality. There are

main types of them: protectors, creators, intellectuals, and visionaries. Let’s learn

about them. are observant persons, with stable emotions that

help maintain security in times of need. They are responsible and logical hard workers

who like to think in a structured way, you will never see a protector at the supermarket

without a detailed and with everything neatly ordered in

the .

They are very dedicated to what they do and value relationships and see the worth in

everyone, encouraging teamwork. Protectors are often quiet and don’t seek positions

of authority. are usually painting or making beards out of

. They are flexible persons mainly driven by sensations

and emotions. Usually thinking in the here and now, they are risk-taking and

cooperative. Creators love new adventures, are highly social, and are easily adaptable

and spontaneous.

They are often artistic and creative, and can make an art studio out of their

or learn how to use creative tools like a sewing

in no time. are introspective and

logical persons in an eternal quest for knowledge. They are very patient and don’t

get bored with waiting for fish to bite. Usually strategic,

intellectuals are organized and can understand and analyze complicated situations

quickly and give solutions to them. They are often good chefs, always cooking or using

a . They make good leaders since they don’t mind explaining

complicated things to others. are intuitive and idealistic

persons with excellent social skills. Often good at sports, they’re always putting on

their or . They are expressive and

supporting, always ready to help others. Visionaries are driven by their values and

seek peace and well-being for those around them, since they seek to contribute to this

world.

110

Answer the following comprehension questions. Remember to write complete
sentences.
1. How many types of personality are there and how are they called?

2. How are protectors’ stable emotions helpful?

3. What type of hobbies do creators usually have?

4. What is the main quest of an intellectual person?

5. What drives visionaries’ actions?

Unscramble the letters to find the hidden vocabulary words. Then, write a
sentence with each one.
1. POSPIHTSGNIL:
Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.
2. DSIRHIFONG:
Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.
3. RINOGLOVIM:
Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.
4. NPIFARYNG:
Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.
5. ECSAWHGEINMIN:
Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.

111

Gerunds or present participle 1. bathing suit
2. shaving cream
Write sentences using the words from the box. 3. running shoes
4. punching bag
1. 5. shopping cart
2.
3.
4.
5.

Sometimes present participle forms can be mistaken with gerunds. To differentiate
between them you can reconstruct the phrase using for. If it makes sense, it’s a gerund.

Example: Swimming pool —> pool for swimming (gerund)

Falling leaves —> leaves for falling (present participle)

Reconstruct the following words to discover if it’s a gerund or a present participle
form.

Frying pan Pan for frying Gerund / Present participle
Fishing rod Rod for fishing Gerund / Present participle
Running water Water for running Gerund / Present participle
Interesting book Book for interesting Gerund / Present participle
Drinking water Water for drinking Gerund / Present participle
Swimming kids Kids for swimming Gerund / Present participle
Sewing machine Machine for sewing Gerund / Present participle
Shooting range Range for shooting Gerund / Present participle
Falling apple Apple for falling Gerund / Present participle
Shopping cart Cart for shopping Gerund / Present participle

112

Fill the crossword puzzle bellow.

Across

1. Cooking certain things is easier with a pan.

2. bags are a great way of dealing with stress.

3. Running are necessary when competing on a race.
4. I need to buy a new suit for the beach!
5. There’s a huge TV screen in my room.

Down

1. Catching fish is easier with a rod.

2. You can repair clothing if you have a sewing .

3. Whenever, I go to the supermarket I always make a shopping .

4. My dad uses cream every morning.

5. I lost my purse! I left it in the cart and now it’s gone!

1 2
1 3

2
4
3

5

4

5
113

Find the mistake in each sentence and then rewrite them correctly on the lines
below.
1. Eat fruits and vegetables is important to have good health.

2. To arrive on time for class is very important.

3. Getting a job is not esey you need good qualifications.

4. Coking is my favorite hobby, especially when it’s for my family.

5. Smoker is very bad for your health you should avoid it.

Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.
1. endangered animals is prohibited.
a) Hunting b) Hunt c) To hunt

2. Could I use your machine, please?

a) sew b) sewing c) sewer

3. One of my duties is the classroom.

a) cleaned b) clean c) cleaning

4. Could you lend me your rod? I broke mine.
a) fishing b) fisher c) fish

5. in public spaces is not allowed.
a) To smoke b) Smoke c) Smoking

6. I need to buy a new pair of shoes for the competition.
a) running b) runner c) run

7. in a plane frightens me!
a) Fly b) Flying c) To fly

8. The best thing about reading is new things.
a) to have discover b) discovering c) discovered

9. your teeth at least twice a day is important.
a) Brushing b) Brush c) To brush

10. I really love b) had breakfast in bed in winter.
a) have c) having

114

Luis, Cristina, and the Teacher

Read and listen to the text. Then, practice the conversation.

Luis: Teacher, I have a doubt about our Cristina: Yes, for me it's hard to study from
exam. books, I need to see everything in pictures.

Cristina: What? We don't have an exam, Teacher: From now on, I will use more
do we? pictures and videos in class. What about
you Luis?
Teacher: Yes, you have an exam tomorrow.
You are ready, aren't you? Luis: I love sounds. For me, it's easy to
learn when I hear podcasts. You don't like
Luis: I am ready! You're ready, Cristina, podcasts, do you, teacher?
aren't you?
Cristina: Podcasts are boring! Videos on
Cristina: I completely forgot it. It's going to YouTube are definitely better, aren't they,
be easy, isn't it? teacher?

Teacher: A little. If you study, you will pass. Teacher: We are all different. Therefore, we
study in different ways. In my case, I learn
Luis: Math is easy for me. with practice. I do a lot of Math exercises.

Cristina: That's because you do your Luis: Me too. You don't like practicing,
homework every day, don't you? Cristina, do you?

Teacher: It sounds like you don't like doing Cristina: Just a little. However, today I really
yours, Cristina. want to pass my exam...

Luis: She does. The point is she learns Teacher: You will pass, people! Relax!
easily with flashcards, drafts, and drawings.
She is a visual student, isn't she?

Read the grammar chart.

Question tags

A question tag is a small question at the end of a statement.
We use question tags when asking for agreement or confirmation.

A positive statement + a negative statement. A negative statement + a positive statement.

You are a student, aren’t you? You are not a student, are you?
Subject + verb + complement. + verb + subject? Subject + verb + complement. + verb + subject?

I like soccer, don’t I? I don’t like soccer, do I?
You like Math, don’t you? You like Math, do you?
She likes biology, doesn’t she? She likes biology, do you?
We like sports, don’t we? We like sports, do we?

I can play chess, can’t I? I can’t play chess, can I?
She can play volleyball, can’t she? She can’t play volleyball, can she?
They can do their homework, can’t they? They can’t do their homework, can they?

115

Complete each statement with a question tag.
1. You love chemistry,
2. They can win the championship,
3. My classmates are in class,
4. My teacher likes English,
5. Hannah loves ice cream,
6. Frank doesn’t like animals,
7. My friends can't go to the movies,
8. Our teachers are friendly,
9. The bicycle is broken,
10. The library is closed,

Read and listen to the text.
Sports reporter: Hello, fanatics! Today we are talking about a special event in our city. We
have a basketball coach. Yes, our former coach was hired again. Let's remember he was
away for a whole season. In addition, our basketball team didn't go as well as we wish. So,
call now and tell me what do you think about it? Who is in the line?
Fanatic: It's Rose.
Sports reporter: What do you think about our basketball team? They will lose more
matches this season, won’t they?
Fanatic: Absolutely not! The coach is back. The board shouldn’t fire him, should they?
Sports reporter: I totally agree with you. The board should make better choices, shouldn’t
it? However, tell me? You will go to the opening season match, won't you?
Fanatic: Unfortunately, I won't, I don't have tickets.
Sports reporter: You have now. Because of your call, you are getting a couple of tickets.
Therefore, you will be in first row in the basketball court, next to the basket, almost
touching the net. You are excited, aren't you?
Fanatic: Uh-uh.

Answer the questions.
1. The basketball team is celebrating its coach comeback.
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say
2. The basketball team didn't play well last season, did they?
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

116

3. The team’s board fired the coach, didn’t they?
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say
4. The fanatic isn't going to the opening match, is he?
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say
5. The fanatic will be in the first row.
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

Complete the statements with a question tag. Then, practice the tag questions
with a classmate.

1. You are a student, aren't you? 6. You don't like homework,

2. You can swim, 7. You aren't a university student,

3. You live with your parents,

8. You aren't in the United States,

4. You play sports, 9. You like movies,
5. You go to school, 10. You like reading,

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

1 11 1
1
1. astronaut 1
2. DJ 1 1
3. surgeon
4. pilot 11
5. psychologist
6. architect
7. scientist
8. dentist
9. editor
10. designer

117

Lesson Project

A short text about personality types

For this lesson project, you will work in teams of
four. Each of you will write a text using gerunds
in sentences. Remember to use vocabulary you
already know and vocabulary from lesson 3; then,
talk about the experience of working in team by
using gerunds as verbs, adjectives and nouns,
continue practicing by looking for online exercises.

Show the class your text and practice by reading
it to the class.

Evaluation Rubric

Excellent Good In process

The student identifies
gerunds as verbs,
adjectives and nouns.

The student understands
how gerunds forms are
used in different ways.

The student uses grammar
efficiently.

The student uses
vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your
phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/mryiwXb

Coevaluation

In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You
may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him.

Criteria

My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in
English according to the needed structure
and vocabulary.
My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/
her other partners.
My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment

Criteria

I can remember what gerunds are.

I can use vocabulary relative to gerunds.

I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

warmer Lesson 3

Complete the sentences with information about you. You will read your sentences
in class.

1. I don’t like __________________ movies, but I love __________________ movies.

2. I didn’t make my homework, so _____________________________________________.

3. I don’t like _______________ nor _______________.

4. For my birthday, I would like to ______________________________ or _____________________________.

5. My favorite candy are _______________ and _______________.

Movies vocabulary

According to you, match the
expressions with the pictures.

1. It was boring!
2. It was cheesy!
3. It was corny!
4. It was interesting!
5. It was con fusing!
6. It was entertaining!
7. It was hilarious!
8. It was depressing!

120

Read the grammar chart.

Correlative conjunctions

These words are used to join phrases or words with equal importance within a sentence; they usually work in
pairs. Using them requires the use of certain rules:

• Verbs must agree in number.

• Pronouns must agree in number and person.

Examples:

She is both intelligent and beautiful. Subject + verb + both + adjective+ and+ adjective.

Jerry is neither rich nor famous. Subject + verb + neither + adjective+ nor + adjective.

He is not only intelligent but also very funny. Subject + verb + not only + adjective+ but also +
adjective.

Complete the sentences with both, neither, nor, not only and but also.

1. Chick flicks are boring and cheesy.

2. Romance movies are romantic and funny.

3. Horror movies are neither scary terrifying.

4. Documentaries are fun nor hilarious.

5. Westerns are not only old entertaining.

6. Fantasy films are surreal but also fantastic.

7. Epic movies are not only long intense.

8. Comedy films are sad nor dramatic.

9. Spy films are both entertaining luxurious.

10. Crime movies are neither romantic fun.

Read and listen to the text. Then, complete the text with the words you hear.

David: I can't believe all these want to watch the ...

Jen: I'd like to watch it too. Star Wars is not only a classic, but also entertaining.

David: I don't with you. Star Wars is both popular and boring.

Jen: Shut up! You can't say that out loud, the will hear!

121

David: I don't care if they hear, it's the truth! There are better ...

Jen: Maybe… however, I love . I could watch Titanic for the rest of
my days.

David: Titanic is absolutely bad! It's neither romantic nor fun. It's depressing!

Jen: What are you talking about? At least, Titanic isn't as simple as the
you love.

David: Comedies are both hilarious and entertaining.

Jen: Once in a while! But you're always comedies. That's the reason you
are like that...

David: What do you mean?

Jen: I mean you're both silly and goofy. I'm !

David: You must be!!!

Jen: Look the is moving...

Ticket salesman: What are you going to watch?

David and Jen: Star Wars!

Match each sentence with the best answer.

You didn't know we had an exam, () a. Me? I go to church on Sundays with my
did you? () mom.

Luckily, I always study on Sundays, b. I didn’t. My memory is terribly bad. I forget
What about you? everything.

Since you're busy on Sundays, () c. No, I am not. I’d like to be ready because of
you will fail. my memory.

So, you knew we had an exam, () d. That’s not true. As we had an exam, I prayed
didn't you? () yesterday.

You're kidding, aren't you? e. I always pray for passing my exams.

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the dialogue.
Conversation one

1. I’m glad we could come to the movies. () a. At least, she kept the jewel
for years.
2. I know, I wanted them to be happy. ()
b. That’s the thing with epic
3. They have neither happy endings nor weddings. ( ) films, they are tragic.

c. Me too. Titanic is not only
romantic but also really
sad.

122

Conversation two () a. Me neither! The actors were both
1. I didn't like the play. The end was () dirty and tired.
absolutely ridiculous.
() b. It was! The actors looked terribly
2. Next time, we should go to the movies, tired.
shouldn't we?
c. Absolutely, the movies are neither
3. The play wasn't disappointing at all, disappointing nor expensive.
was it?

Read the grammar chart.
Coordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions also called coordinators are words that join two or more
items of equal importance within the same sentence. You can easily remember
them using the acronym FANBOYS:

F ANBOY S

For And Nor But Or Yet So

Complete each sentence. Then, read your sentences in class.

1. I need to get higher grades, for...
_______________________________________________________________.
2. For lunch, I had a sandwich and...
_______________________________________________________________.
3. Vegans don’t eat meat nor...
_______________________________________________________________.
4. I wanted to become a DJ, but...
_______________________________________________________________.
5. You could become a dentist or...
_______________________________________________________________.

Unscramble the letters to discover the hidden words.

1. NATOSURAT: 4. GEDISERN:

2. ICOSHOPLYGTS: 5. CHATERICT:

3. NOSERUG:

123

Unscramble the sentences and rewrite them on the lines below.
1. to / wanted / your / I / study. / I / party / have / to / to / but / go
2. want / I / go / I / have / I / to / homework. / to / out, / yet / make
3. up / want / or / astronaut. / When / to / an / I / dentist / I / be / grow / a
4. like / nor / onions / I / tomatoes. / don’t
5. wanted / go / the / I / I / bought / to / the / concert, / to / so / tickets.

Match the sentence halves. Then, rewrite the complete sentences on the lines

below.

1. I don’t want to become a chemist… ( ) a. …I need a coffee and a donut.

2. I don’t like studying… ( ) b. …nor a physicist.

3. I need to get an A on the exam… ( ) c. …yet my favorite sport is baseball.
( ) d. …so I’ll have to study all night.
4. I’m so sleepy… ( ) e. …but it’s important to have good grades.

5. I play football…

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.

1. I’m so hungry! I want a cheeseburger a hotdog.

a) and b) but c) nor

2. I don’t like vegetables fish.

a) but b) for c) nor
I have homework.
3. I wanted to go to the concert

a) or b) nor c) but

4. Do you want an apple an orange?

a) for b) or c) yet

5. I needed to get an A in my exam, I stayed up all night studying.

a) to b) so c)for

124

1. burglar Match each word with a picture. 1
2. patrol 11 1
3. arrest
4. crime scene 1
5. fingerprints 1
6. guilty
7. handcuffs 1
8. police officer 1

Read and listen to the text.

Two pranksters put upside down the city

Last night, a couple of young men were walking freely downtown. Nobody could see
what they had underneath their hoodies. It was until they stopped at Diamond, the
most famous jewelry in town, when they pulled off their shirts and with a seeming
loaded gun asked for all the cash, diamonds as well. The shopping assistant who
just started working that morning got terrified. Also, she was celebrating her 18th
birthday. This is called bad luck, a bad day as well. In spite of the assistant’s cries of
pain, nobody heard. Therefore, the robbers left with two millions of pesos in their
backpacks.

However, the day wasn't over for these two youngsters, because the jewelry called the
police right after the thieves left as well as the youngsters stopped at a local park.
Therefore, in a brief amount of time, six minutes to be precise, two police officers
arrived and interviewed the terrified shopping assistant. Later, they rode their bikes
and found the youngsters still in the local park,
practicing tricks with their bicycles. The fight went
on, if we can call it a fight, because the youngsters
surrendered immediately. So today, we believe we
have a couple of real heroes, don't we? Moreover,
the two cops received a medal, and a couple of
prizes from the jewelry as well.

125

Underline the correct answer: True/False or It doesn’t say.
1. The two robbers were young.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
2. The robbers took only cash.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
3. The robbers used skateboards.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
4. The police officers arrived late to the crime scene.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
5. The robbers weren't arrested.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say

Linking words to add information

Read the grammar chart.

Linking words to add information: as well, also, in addition, moreover.

We use these words to add information.

Examples:

The cops chased the vehicle as well as they arrested the youngsters.
The robbers stole money, jewels also.

The robber stole the money, also they ignored the traffic lights.
In addition, they recovered the money.
Moreover, they took the robbers to jail.
Subject+ verb+ object, + nouns + as well.

The robbers took cash, jewels as well. We use this structure to add a noun to a sentence.
The cops chased the vehicle as well as arrested
them. Subject+ verb+ complement + as well as +
subject+ verb+ complement

We use this structure to link two sentences.
Subject+ verb+ complement, + also + nouns.

The robbers stole money, also jewels. We use this structure to add a noun to a sentence.

The robber stole the money. Also they ignored the Subject+ verb+ complement. + also + subject+

traffic lights. verb+ complement

We use this structure to link two sentences.

In addition, they recovered the money. In addition + subject + verb + complement.
Moreover, they took the robbers to jail.
We use In addition to add a sentence that
expresses a conclusion.

Moreover + subject + verb + complement.

We use moreover to add a sentence that
expresses a conclusion.

126

Choose the best option to form proper sentences.
1. The police officer saved a child, as well/also a cat.
2. In addition/ Moreover, the news declared the cops arrested 20 people.
3. The thieves ran away. Also/As well, they stole a car.
4. The witness called the cops as/as well as he locked his door.
5. Moreover/ In addition, the neighbors ignored the shots.
6. The withness closed his door, his curtains also/as well.
7. In addition/ Moreover, they found the car stoled by the criminal.
8. In addition/ Moreover, the cops left the crime scene late.
9. The sheriff called the hospital, the jail also/as well.
10. The jail opened its doors as well/as they waited for the guilty youngsters.

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the sentences.

1. You watched the news, didn't you? ()
2. Me too! The crime scene is absolutely close. ()
3. I know the burglar he lives on my street. ()
4. W couldn’t belive it. ()

a. I heard the robbers took cash, as well as jewels.
b. Yes, I did. I was so scared.
c. Really? He used to study at the same school than me.
d. Me too! Every classmate was both sad and mad.

127

Lesson Project

A conversation between David and Jen

For this lesson project, in pairs you will write a
short conversation about you and a friend using
correlative words. Practice you conversation as
much as you can and then present it to the class.
The topic is open, though we recommend you to
work with something you are familiar or using easy
to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric

Excellent Good In process

The student identifies
correlative words.

The student understands
how correlative words are
used.

The student uses grammar
efficiently.

The student uses
vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your
phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/UryirnC

Coevaluation

In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You
may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him.

Criteria

My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in
English according to the needed structure
and vocabulary.

My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/
her other partners.
My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment

Criteria

I can remember what correlative words
are.
I can use vocabulary about correlative
words.
I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

warmer Lesson 4

Talk in class using this linking words in a conversation (for, because, because of,
since, and as).

Transport Vocabulary 1

Match each word with a picture.

11

11

1 1. van
2. bus

1 3. ambulance
1 4. scooter
5. balloon
6. subway
7. train
1
8. rowboat

1 9. ferry
10. carriage

Receptionist and tourist conversation

Read and listen to the text.
Receptionist: Hello, Welcome to Island Inn!
Tourist: Hi! The hotel is so beautiful!
Receptionist: Thanks, is it just you?
Tourist: No way! It's me and thirty more people.
Receptionist: What's the motive of your visit?
Tourist: We are here because we just finished high school.
Receptionist: Since you finished high school, we have a special offer for you.

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Tourist: That's amazing! We got an extra prize for our effort.
Receptionist: It sounds like you had amazing grades.
Tourist: No, I didn't. Actually, I'm going to repeat the year.
Receptionist: As you'll repeat the year, you can have three extra nights for your next visit.
Tourist: That's great! I'm getting prizes because of my failure. This is weird!
Receptionist: In Island Inn, we always accomplish your desires...
Tourist: As my desires are orders, I want the best suite.
Receptionist: Anything else, gentleman?
Mom: Wake up! It's getting late for school…

Answer the questions.
1. The trip happened because of a high school graduation.

a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
2. The receptionist has 30 workmates.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
3. The students won't get any special offer.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say
4. The student passed all his subjects.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't
5. The student will book the cheapest suite.
a) True b) False c) It doesn't say

Read the grammar chart.

Reason linking words

We use these words to add a reason. In other words, we They went on a trip for their graduation.
use for, because, since, as, because of to explain what Effect + for / because / because of + cause.
causes a situation. Subject+ verb + complement for / because / + noun.

They went on a trip for their graduation.

They went on a trip because they celebrated their
graduation.

They went on a trip because of their graduation.

Since it was their graduation, they went on a trip.

As it was their graduation, they went on a trip.

Since / As + cause, + effect. Effect + because + cause.

Since it was their graduation, they went on a trip. They went on a trip because they celebrated their
graduation.
Since / As + subject + verb + complement, + subject +
verb + complement. Subject + verb + complement + because + subject + verb
+ complement.

131

Complete the sentences with for, because, because of, since, and as.

1. They were in the museum the exposition.

2. My classmates visited the forest of their biology class.

3. I was sick, I went to see the doctor.

4. it was cold, they couldn’t swim in the ocean.

5. They were wearing a jacket it was cold.

6. The team played well their hard work.

7. The cheerleaders didn't go to the match homework.

8. the bus was expensive, they walked.

9. everybody was tired, they didn't play soccer.

10. I studied a lot my exam.

Answer the questions in the table. Using for, because, because of, since, and as
to link each cause and its effect.

Describe an incident in your life. It can be funny, scary, or tragic.

1. Describe an incident in your life. It can 2. What happened later? (effect)
be funny, scary, or tragic.

3. Who was with you? (effect) 4. Why these people were with you? (cause)

5. What was the main cause of the incident? 6. What were the most significant

(cause) consequences of that incident? (effect)

Your story…

132

Read the grammar chart.

For instance , for example, in other words, that is to say, such as, like...

The expressions for example, The expressions in other words and The expressions such as and like
and For instance are fallowed by that is to say introduce. clarifying relate supporting details to the word
supporting details for the word information for the word. If clause directly mentioned before it.
directly mentioned before it. directly before it.
citruses such as lemons and limes
Vitamin C is found in citruses. Eating citruses helps our bodies in Contain Vitamin C.
For example, limes, lemons and other words, citruses are healthy.
oranges.

Vitamin C is found in citruses. Eating citruses helps our bodies. That is Citruses like lemons and limes
For instance, limes, lemons,
oranges. to say , citruses are healthy. Contain vitamin C.

Sentence +for example, nouns. Sentence. That is to say, noun+such
subject+verb+complement as+noun+noun+verb+complement

sentence, in other words, noun + like + noun + noun + verb +
subject+verb+complement complement

Match the sentences halves by writing the corresponding letter in each box.

1. So, what is the reason of your visit?
2. What do you eat for breakfast?
3. That's not bad. They contain fiber and carbs.

a. I always eat cereals like oatmeal or corn flakes.
b. I want to lose some weight, but my diet isn't the best.
c. And they give me energy. That is to say, I feel so well after eating them.
1. Next week are the finals.
2. What are you doing about it?
3. Last year I was trying to gain weight too.
In other words, I was so skinny.
a. Hopefully, now you are our captain and best player.
b. I started eating more proteins such as fish, chicken, and pork.
c. I know, I'm so excited! But the coach says I need to gain weight.

133

Write a text in your notebook where you describe your diet. You can talk about
your favorite food or food you don't like. Use for instance, ​for example, ​in other
words, that is to say, such as, a​ nd​l​ike.

Read the grammar chart.

Linking words to contrast ideas

Despite, in spite, although

We use these expressions to show the contrast between two sentences. In other words, we link a sentence with
its contradiction by using despite, in spite of, although.

Despite / In spite of Although / Even though

They eat junk fook despite their lack of nutrients is. 1.They eat junk food although/even though they know
They eat junk fook in spite of their lack of nutrients. junk food not good

2.Even though/ Although they know junk food is not
healthy , they eat junk food.

Sentence +despite/in spite of + noun 1.sentence+ although/even though+sentence
Sentence+despite/in spite of +pronoun+noun 2. although/even though+ sentence,sentence
Sentence+despite /in spite of + determiner+noun

Choose the correct option and write in the blanks.

1. ​ the salads, they ate tacos. (In spite of / Although)

2. ​the cold weather, they didn't drink tea. (Despite / Although)

3. She ate cake she was on a diet. (despite / ​although​)

4. she eats healthy, she got sick. (In spite / A​ lthough)​

5. the cake was big, it wasn't enough. (Despite / Even though)​

6. She ate mole​ ​it was spicy. (despite / even though)

7. his injury, he played soccer. (Despite / Even though)

8. the money, they bought a present. (In spite of / Even though)

9. the food was delicious, she didn't eat. (In spite / Although)

10. She bought the vegetables ​ ​she didn't prepare any salad.
(despite / even though)

134

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice them.

1. Were you at the party?

2. Seriously? What happened?
3. You didn't eat any salad despite your diet.

4. That’s sad! Do you need anything?
5. Did you pass your exam?

6. But I saw you studying.

a. She was mad at me despite our friendship.

b. Yes, I was. Although I wasn’t invited.

c. No, thanks. I'm fine even though my stomach hurts.

d. I know, I'm feeling a little sick.

e. No, I didn’t…

f. In spite of my effort, I didn’t pass.


Fill the chart with real information.

About yourself
Describe your best friend’s qualities: Describe your best friend’s defects:

Describe your brother’s qualities: Describe your brother’s defects:

Describe your own qualities: Describe your own defects:

135

Read the grammar chart. Then, write a conclusion for each sentence.
LINKING WORDS TO CONCLUDE

We use finally, overall, therefore, and as a result to introduce a concluding sentence.

Finally

They fought for years. Finally, they became friends
again.

Overall

They were classmates and they played in the soccer Detailing sentence + Finally concluding sentence.
game. Overall, they were friends. overall
therefore
Therefore as a result

They played well, they scored three goals. Therefore,
they won.

As a result

They didn’t study. As a result they failed.

Write a conclusion for each sentence.

1. She plays the saxophone since she was five.
Therefore,_____________________________________________________________________________________.
2. She didn't pass her ordinary exams.
As a result,_____________________________________________________________________________________.
3. She was happy and she was always smiling.
Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________.
4. The doctor examined the patient. Then, the patient cried.
Finally,________________________________________________________________________________________.
5. The students finish fast the marathon.
As a result,____________________________________________________________________________________.
6. The students were cheating on their exam.
As a result, ____________________________________________________________________________________.
7. Chemistry was hard, Physics was hard.
Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________.
8. Reading fast is not easy at all, neither is writing.
Overall,________________________________________________________________________________________.
9. Practicing yoga is relaxing and hard.
Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________.

136

Match each sentence with its best result.
I studied completely hard.
He's been playing soccer for ten years.
She cooks delicious food, her pasta is so tasty.
She's been calling me for hours.
She was sick for ten days.
a. Overall, her barbacoa is the best.
b. As a result, I got a 10.
c. Therefore, he is such a good player.
d. As a result, she's getting surgery.
e. As a result, I blocked her number.

Write in your notebook two conclusions about your life after high school. Write
supporting details first. Then, use finally, overall, therefore, and as a result to
introduce your conclusion.
Example:
I have been studying so hard for my college admission exam; in addition, I have been
studying English. Therefore, I will get a scholarship.

Share your two conclusions in class.

137

Lesson Project

A conversation between a receptionist and a tourist 

For this lesson project, you will write a short
conversation about a receptionist and a tourist using
linking words. Show the class your conversation and
practice it with your classmates. We recommend
you to work with something you are familiar or
using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric

Excellent Good In process

The student identifies
linking words.

The student understands
how linking words work.

The student uses grammar
efficiently.

The student uses
vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your
phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/kryir5a

Coevaluation

In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You
may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him.

Criteria

My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself
in English according to the needed
structurevand vocabulary.
My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/
her other partners.
My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment

Criteria

I can remember what linking words are.

I can use vocabulary relative to linking
words.
I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.



READING PART 1 ()
()
Match notices to sentences. ()
()
1. Smokers who are in a restaurant must respect this.

A. You have to be at least 1.50 to use our games.
B. Designated smoking area.
C. Be silent, people are reading!
D. Designated smoking area.
E. Be silent, people are reading!
F. Don't litter in the park.
G. Room Service: 443-318-20-74.
H. This street is closed at 10 pm.

2. If you are having a picnic, you should respect this.

A. Don’t feed the squirrels during picnics.
B. Don’t use flash!
C. New train timetable starts from November 23.
D. Oversize clothes are here!
E. Last train leaves at midnight.
F. Missed suitcases here!
G. Office hours: 9 to 5.
H. The mail will be delivered at the reception office.

3. When you are in the library you…

A. Turn off your cellphone during the film.
B. Emergency room doesn’t allow visitors today.
C. If you use a book, place it in the dolly.
D. You can’t open magazines.
E. Eating is prohibited in this area of the park.
F. Don’t disturb the animals.
G. Don’t take photographs of the pandas.
H. The flight to Mexico was canceled.

4. If you experience problems with our hotel services…

A. For mechanical problems, call our service agency.
B. Room service is available 24/7 at 7712210147.
C. Fitting Rooms are closed.
D. Be cautious! Wet floor!
E. Don’t use coins with this washer machine.
F. This ATM doesn’t give cash.
G. Call 911 in case of an emergency.
H. Ring the bell if you need help with your luggage.

141

5. Our library will be closed this weekend. ()

A. It’s prohibited to walk dogs in this area.
B. Don’t smoke!
C. Place recyclable material here!
D. Dinner is served at 7 pm.
E. Don’t swim in this area.
F. Deposit your books in the automatic box.
G. Only people with ID can pass.
H. Visitors must call our guests before accessing the building.

PART 2

Questions 6-10

The people below all want to watch a movie.
On the next page, there are descriptions of five movies.
Decide which movie would be the most suitable for the following people.

6. Luis ( )

Luis likes to learn more about the history, see what happened in the world, and enjoy
seeing wars. He prefers to watch an epic film filmed in the fifties.

7. Fatima ( )

Fatima likes watching comedy films. She enjoys watching series where the characters
are comic and clumsy, and can follow them from one episode to another. Her favorite
actor is Jim Carrey.

8. Rosa ( )

Rosa enjoys music and films and wants to watch films with music, so musicals. Her
favorite musical is Cats. She likes programs that are a mixture of interviews and live
music. She adores concerts.

9. Grace ( )

Grace is interested in nature because she likes watching documentaries about different
parts of the world and different ecosystems. She especially enjoys programs about
tribes living in distant parts around the world.

10. William ( )

William is fond of comic books in general and superheroes. He loves watching films
about superheroes and the end of the world. He started collecting comic books and Star
Wars figures when he was ten. In addition, he collects rocks and miniature spaceships.

FILMS

A) Find out about the life of Raramuri: a tribe living in Mexico. This documentary
shows a different society that has survived through the years living in the mountains.

B) Space soldiers is a sci-fi film that describes an intergalactic war between humans
and vulcanos. The plot describes how the Vulcano prince falls in love with a human
soldier.

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C) The ancient war of Troy from the eyes of children, now as a musical. An appealing
and epic story described from the youngest inhabitants of the ancient city of Troy.
Among soldiers, there were children trying to understand the effects of war.
D) 1919: the pain of Spain is a film completely recorded in Spanish. For the first
time, the truth about the Spanish Civil War appears in a major film. Great acting
and beautiful scenarios.
E) The Mask II: our beloved Jim Carrey gets back to the big screen with the second
part of the classic Mask. Full with a new character, new enemies and new powers.
A new fresh story where The Mask has to fight with laughs against an evil clown.

PART 3 QUESTIONS

Look at the sentences below about an amusement park. Read the text below to decide if each
sentence is correct or incorrect. If it is correct, write A. If it is not correct, write B.

11. Canada's Wonderland opened in 1984.
12. Paramount park included six themed areas.
13. Canada's Wonderland is the biggest amusement park in North America.
14. Canada's Wonderland includes exactly 200 attractions.
15. The Yukon Striker is a normal roller coaster.
16. Leviathan is the second tallest coaster in North America.
17. There are a lot of food stations.
18. Canada's Wonderland traditional dessert are cupcakes.
19. Canada's Wonderland doesn't offer any winter attraction.
20. People can skate in the biggest ice rink in the world.

Initially started with the name of Paramount Park in 1981. It included five themed areas:
International Street, Medieval Faire, Grande World Expo 1890, The Happy Land of Hanna-
Barbera and Frontier Canada. Now, its name is Canada's Wonderland.
Canada’s Wonderland is home to more than 200 attractions, 77 rides including 17
rollercoasters, and Splash Works (a 20-acre water park). It features North America’s largest
variety of coasters including Canada’s tallest and fastest coaster: Leviathan, Canada's
longest wooden coaster. If roller coasters aren’t for you, try out one of the many flat rides,
play a game, catch a show, or grab a bite to eat at one of the many delicious food stations
and restaurants with international food and our traditional funnel cake.
The park will introduce Yukon Striker, a world-record-breaking water roller coaster. Also,
winter fest, an immersive holiday-themed event, making it truly an amusement park for
all seasons. You can enjoy the rides and snow at the same time in the biggest ice rink in
the world.

143

PART 4

Questions 21- 25

Read the text and questions below.
For each question, mark the correct option a, b or c.

21. With a healthy diet, humans can live long and healthy.
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

22. A lot of people ignore the importance of a healthy diet.
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

23. There are four groups of food. 
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

24. Most of the people eat enough vegetables in a day.
a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

25. There are vegetables such as potatoes, we shouldn’t eat a lot.

a) true b) false c) it doesn't say

A simple guide to healthy eating

When talking about food, everything is important. In other words, we have to take care
of everything we eat. Especially since eating healthy could let us have long healthy lives.
However, not everybody knows the importance of food, but today we are going to discover
it. Let's start by saying there are five food groups, such as vegetables and legumes, fruits,
grain foods, leans meats and poultry, and dairy products. Let’s learn about vegetables and
fruits.

Vegetables and legumes

Studies say we don't eat enough vegetables a day. That is to say, we don't eat them in a
balanced way. For example, sometimes we eat a lot of potatoes when we shouldn't eat
more than half a potato every day. However, it's never late to add more vegetable portions
in different dishes like salads, juices, or a steamed bowl. Another thing we commonly miss
are legumes like lentils, peas, and beans. We must eat them! They help us build muscles.

Fruits

Everybody likes fruits because of their sweet flavor. In addition, they are not just sweet;
they are healthy for their nutrients beyond vitamins. This is to say, they have more than
only vitamins they also have antioxidants. However, we have to be cautious not to abuse
fruits. For instance, they have a lot of sugar, so we have to eat them carefully. They help us
to strengthen our skin.

144

PART 5

Questions 26- 35

Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space. Mark the correct letter a, b,
or c.

Edgar Allan Poe (26) born in Boston on January 19, 1809. Orphan at the

age of three, he had a destructive relationship (27) his adoptive father, (28)

he (29) him in 1810. Poe (30) into numerous

schools in (31) England and the United States, including the University of

Virginia, (32) he left because (33) lack of money. Poe (34)

a style of his own. He (35) of the first short story writers and one of the first

who lived of his periodical publications, even though most of his life he had a precarious

lifestyle. He wrote poetry, fiction, and satires, influenced by his serious problems with

debts, gambling, and alcohol. He died on October 3, 1849, for still unknown reasons.

26. a) is b) was c) will

27. a) in b) with c) then

28. a) until b) that c) what

29. a) abandoned b) was abandoned c) will abandon

30. a) is b) was c) will
31. a) both b) neither c) where

32. a) that b) what c) which

33. a) of b) from c) a

34. a) made b) make c) makes

35. a) become b) became c) becoming

WRITING PART 1

Questions 1-5

Here are some sentences about a tour guide.
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

1. The tour guide told us the church was closed today.
The tour guide said,

2. The museum has changed its exhibitions three times this year.

The museum its exhibitions this year.

3. The Mona Lisa has been restored hundreds of times.

The Mona Lisa hundreds of times.

4. This sculpture was in Europe first, and then it was in Africa.

This sculpture has continents.

5. The Mona Lisa is more popular than the David is.

The David than The Mona Lisa.

145

PART 2

Question 6

You went camping for the summer with your American friends Alex and Anthony. Write an
e-mail to your mom.
In your email, you should describe:
- All the routines you have in the camping.
- Describe what you did on the first day.

Write from 35-45 words.

PART 3

Write an answer to ONE of the questions (7 or 8) in this part. Write your answer in about a
hundred words on a paper sheet.

146

Questions 7

Write a letter where you ask for information about a scholarship.
- Write about what you will do in order to keep your scholarship.
- Ask enough information about what are the requirements to keep the scholarship.

Questions 8

Write a letter for a library board.
- Ask about requirements in order to get a library card.
- Ask how many books they own.
- Ask every service they offer. (Video, magazines, etc.)

147



"Listen to silence. It has much to say."

Rumi

What is silence?

Sometimes living becomes stressing: our world can be chaotic. There is a lot of noise, pay
attention: there is a classmate shouting, a car breaking the wind and a distant dog is barking:
this noise will never fade away. Do you feel it? However, we have a superpower against noise:
its name is silence. We all have silence within us, did you know it? Have you felt it? Silence has
multiple benefits in a lot of aspects. If we become more silent we could achieve to be the very
best version of our selves. Silence is the only constant in every philosophy and religion around
the world. From Chinese Taoism to the Amazonian tribes, silence is pure gold. How much silence
do you have? How much power can you achieve? In a universe full of mysteries, silence is the
greatest first step we must achieve in order to be happy. Do you want to be happy?
Today’s challenge is to generate silence.

Activity 1. Answer the next questions.
- What is the most stressing thing in your school life?
- Do you like having everything under control?

Before we go on, remember: being a student is complicated for everyone. There isn't
a perfect school life, so you must relax and understand that everything will work on
its own way. However, there are certain rules we have to understand. For example:
controlling everything can harm our nervous system and cause stress.

Activity 2
Find your happy place. You need to have more than one. One can be at school, a place
surrounded by nature. There you can practice breathing exercises.

1. Get comfortable. You can lie on your back in bed or on the floor with a pillow
under your head and knees. Or you can sit in a chair with your shoulders,
head, and neck supported against the back of the chair.

2. Breathe in through your nose. Let your belly fill with air.
3. Breathe out through your nose.
4. Place one hand on your belly. Place the other hand on your chest.

5. As you breathe in, feel your belly rise. As you breathe out, feel your belly
lower. The hand on your belly should move more than the one that’s on
your chest.

6. Take three more full, deep breaths. Breathe fully into your belly as it rises
and falls with your breath.
You can practice this technique anytime you feel stressed out. Some people do it
every morning or before going to bed. Choose what suits best for you.

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“Don’t wait until the absolute last minute
to deliver on anything. Work ahead on your
existing assignments, and plan ahead with
your editorial calendar.”

William Shakespeare

Why is complicated to
communicate our feelings?

People feel in different ways. This is one of our main problems.
We have learned to communicate in different ways. Some of us
are passive, some others are aggressive and the rest is assertive.
However, since we shared a lot of activities every day at school.
However, we can diminish our problems if we learn to communicate
in an assertive way.

Activity 1.
- What is to be an aggressive person? Are you aggressive?
- What is to be a passive person? Are you a passive person?
- Would you like to become a person that communicates assertively?

What is to be assertive?
Being assertive means being able to stand up for your own or other people’s rights in a
calm and positive way, without being either aggressive or passively accepting ‘wrong’.
By being assertive we should always respect the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of
other people.

Would you like to become assertive? Follow this easy guide to become assertive!
- Express your wishes, thoughts, and feelings and encourage others to do the same.
- Listen to the views of others and respond appropriately, whether in agreement
with those views or not.
- Accept responsibilities and be able to delegate to others.
- Regularly expressing appreciation of others for what they have done or are doing.
- Be able to admit your mistakes and apologize.
- Maintain self-control.
- Behave as an equal to others.

Activity 2
- Imagine you have a conflict with someone.
- Make teams of three people. Two must be the opponents and the third part will
regulate the dialogue.
- In team, describe the qualities of the people within the conflict.
- Do you want to solve your problem?
- If you said yes: every part will write their emotions in a polite way.
- Approach each other and perform a dialogue based on respect and self-control.
- Remember, in a conflict both parts are humans and both parts deserve to be
heard.
- If you reach the point where you express all your emotions you can forgive each
other.
- Then, your friendship can be back because you have learned a big lesson:
misunderstandings exist.

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