HUMAN DISEASE Produced by: WONG LIHENG
Human life is always inseparable from birth, aging, illness and death so health has become the most concerned topic for us humans. Who doesn't hope that we can stay away from illness and live forever? Disease -- The enemy of human But contrary to expectations, the emergence of diseases has troubled mankind for centuries. There are millions of diseases found in historical records. Small diseases make people uncomfortable, while serious diseases can even take away human lives. Some diseases are still incurable today such as AIDS, heart disease, cancer and others. Therefore, scientists are working hard to develop drugs and technologies that can completely cure these diseases to ensure that humans can live longer.
As scholars, we cannot slack off during this period of research and development. Understanding more about diseases can give us knowledge reserves to prepare for the arrival of diseases. Let us review the major diseases that have occurred in our human history. First of all, when we discuss diseases, the most important thing we cannot ignore is the pandemic, because the pandemic is raging on a large scale and cannot be treated in the short term. There have been three major plagues pandemic in human history. Let's take a look at what happened during these three plagues pandemic!
The first plague pandemic happened in the Eastern Roman Empire in 541 AD and caused by Yersinia pestis. This happened during the reign of Roman Emperor Justinian I. Thus, this pandemic is also known as The Great Plague of Justinian. This plague has caused a third of the population in the Eastern Roman Empire to die. After that, there are more than 10 epidemics recorded until around 760 AD. It mainly affected few regions or countries such as in Mediterranean basin, Near East and Northern Europe. Historians still debate the exact cause of the pandemic, but it is generally agreed that Yersinia pestis, a bacterium carried by fleas on rats, was the primary pathogen. The first plague pandemic
The second plague pandemic For the second plague pandemic, it was known as Black Death. It happened in Europe during the 14th century until late 18th century or early 19th century. Starting from 1347, there were 75- 200 million people who died in this pandemic within four years, accounting for 30% to 60% of the population at that time. During the pandemic, the doctors wore a mask which shaped like the beak of the birds. The function of the mask is to filter and prevent the virus entering their body. Most of the doctors actually have a lack of knowledge about this disease. They thought that only evil people would get this disease after getting punished by God. Therefore, they will use a wood cane to beat them to save them from the punishment from God.
For the third plague pandemic, it happened in Yunnan, China in 1855 during the Qing dynasty until the middle of the 20th century. The plague pandemic also spread to Hong Kong, Guangzhou and other places in 1890. Since the pandemic spread to various parts of the world through global trade and travel route, the ports and cities served as major hubs for the transmission of the disease. There are more than 60 countries or regions affected by this pandemic and 10-15 million people die in this pandemic. The Third Plague Pandemic petered out in the mid-20th century due to improved public health measures, the use of antibiotics, and a better understanding of the disease. The third plague pandemic
Beside of these three plagues pandemic, there are another disease that killed many people also, which is smallpox. It is a serious disease and it is fatal. This disease can spread from people to people in a short period of time and cause permanent scarring. Smallpox has affected humans since thousands of years ago. Fortunately, this disease was wiped out in history in 1980 thanks to the vaccine. and the last case was reported in 1977. But scientists still keep samples of viruses for research purposes. Smallpox
Smallpox is caused by variola virus and this disease can spread directly from person to person. For example, when the patient is coughing, sneezing, we will probably get infected with this disease. Furthermore, this virus can spread through the contaminated items such as the patient’s clothes, bed or personal items. When we contact these items, we may get infected but this type of virus transmission is quite less common. Transmission Other than that, this virus also can spread through terrorist weapons. This virus may be used in the war to critical the social and economy of a country.
Symptoms The symptoms of smallpox usually appear after 12-14 days of exposure to the virus. However, the virus can be in your body for 7- 19 days without any symptoms and sickness. This was known as the incubation period. The symptoms of smallpox are fever, muscle aches, headaches, severe fatigue, severe back pain and vomit. In the end, the person who gets infected with smallpox will see a lot of red spots on the whole body.
Through the above diseases, we can find that we have been fighting against diseases. Although many people have been lost in the process, we have also made many advances in medicine so that our next generation no longer has to sacrifice due to disease. There are still unknown viruses and diseases waiting for us in the future. I believe our scientists will be able to find solutions to protect humans around the world in the future. In general, we ourselves must also have good living habits. We should avoid staying up late, do more exercise, and have good eating habits. In this way, our body’s immune system will not be weak, and we will not be susceptible to virus invasion.
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