DUW10012 Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

OSH EZ BOOK

DUW 10012
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

01 Iintroduction to Occupational
Safety and Health Legislation

02 Occupational Safety and
Health Management System

03 Incident Prevention
04 Hazard Identification, Risk

Assessment and Risk Control

05 Preparation, Responses and
Fire Safety

06 Workplace Environment and
Ergonomics

01
INTRODUCTION TO O.S.H

LEGISLATION

1

CONCEPTS OF
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

AND HEALTH

Health promotion and maintenanceof worker
optimumphysical, mental and social levels
Prevention from illnesses or diseasesarising
from theworkplace or work processes.

Increase quality of work environmentandwork
processessuitable to worker safety and health
conditions.

Protection from risks at work

2

DEFINITION OF OSH

The term "occupational safety and health
standard" means a standard which requires
conditions, or the adoption or use of one or more
practices, means, methods, operations, or
processes, reasonably necessary or appropriate
to provide safe or healthful employment and
places of employment

3

OSH LEGISTATION

Employers Safety and Control of Industrial
Health General Policy Major Accident Hazard
Statements (Exception)
Regulations, 1996
Regulations, 1995

Classification, Packaging Safety and Health
and Labelling of Committee Regulations,

Hazardous Chemicals 1996
Regulations, 1997

Safety and Health Officer Notification of Accident,
Regulations, 1997 Dangerous Occurrence,
Occupational Poisoning

and Occupational
Disease Regulations,

2004

Use and Standards of
Exposure of Chemicals

Hazardous to Health
Regulations, 2000

4

RELATED OSH REGULATION IN
MALAYSIA

1 Factories And Machinery Act 1967
(FMA 1967)

2 Occupational Safety And Health
Act 1994 (OSHA 1994)

Environmental Quality Act
3 1974 (EQA 1974)

4 Employees Social Security Act
1969 (SOCSO 1969)

Petroleum (Safety Measures) Act
5 1984

5

IMPORTANT OF OSH

Avoid any serious accidents which will cause injury,
disability, illness or death.

Increase productivity, reduce staff turnover and
promote lower staff absence due to sickness

Significant cost saving and good accidents record.

Help to reduce compensation cost because accidents
and loss are minimized

Promotes a quality lifestyle, better work methods and
improve organizational performance

Increase motivational to work and enhance employee
commitment or loyalty toward organization.

6
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IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY IN
WORKPLACE

Duty of care is a legal

obligation imposed on

an individual requiring WHAT IS DUTY OF
that they adhere to a CARE?
standard of reasonable

care while performing

any acts that could

foreseeable harm

others. The employer is still liable for

duty of care even though he

has competent persons under

his employment - Wilson and

clyde coal co versus english

7

DUTY OF CARE

• Ensuring a safe working environment

• Setting up incentive programme to promotesafety

• Defining job clearly and undertaking risk
assessment

• Providing adequate training and feedback on
performance

• Providing enough areas for rest and relaxation

• Ensuring that employees do not work excessive
hours that may lead to inadequate period of rest
and recuperation

• Protecting employees from harassment or
bullying from collogues and third parties

• Providing adequate training and feedback on
performance

• Providing communication channels for
employees to raise concern

• Consulting employees on issues which concern
them

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STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS

WHAT IS STATUTORY
LAW?

Consist of : Act and Formulated by the
Regulation Government

Non – compliance is Punishment – Fines
a crime and imprisonment

Prosecution by
Government Officer

(such as Deputy
Public Prosecutor in

Criminal Court)

9

OSHA 1994 ( ACT 514 )

Enacted in 25th Feb Purpose of OSHA: To
1994, due to promote and encourage
occupational safety and
shortcoming in Factory health awareness among
& Machinery Act, 1967 workers and to create

which only cover in organizations with
manufacturing, mining, effective safety and

quarrying and health measure
construction industries.

This act supported Contain 15 section
by regulations, codes andcomplements any

of practice and existing legislative
guidelines to further provision and

clarification override ant prior
conflictions

10

OBJECTIVES OF OSHA
1994

To secure the safety, health and welfare
of persons at work against risks out of
the activities at work;

To protect persons other than persons
at work against risks out of the
activities at work;
To promote an occupational
environment for persons at work which
is adapted to their physiological and
psychological needs.
To provide the means towards a
legislative system that is based on
regulations and industry codes of
practice in combination with the
provisions of the Act.

11

EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITY

• provide information about
hazards and the actions taken to
control workplace risks (including
the use of personal protective
equipment where necessary).

•consult and co-operate • make sure that work
with health and safety areas, machinery and
representatives and equipment are kept in
other employees at the a safe condition.
workplace.
• make sure
• make sure that equipment and
employees are aware materials are used,
of potential hazards. stored, transported
and disposed of
safely

Cc : https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/students/beyond/Pages/dutiesofemployers.aspxcc: 12

GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEE’S

( PART IV SECTION 24 – 27 )

Section 24
• Ensure personal safety and that of other
• Cooperate with employer and other
• Properly wear or use personal protective

equitment that are provided
• Comply to any safety instruction

Section 25
• May not intentiorially, recklessly or

negligentlyinterfere or misuse anything
provided or done in the interests of safety,
health and welfare in pursuance of the Act

13

GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEE’S

( PART IV SECTION 24 – 27 )

Section 26
The employer may not charge employees for

things done or provided

Section 27
Employer/trade union may not discriminate -

dismiss, injure or change position of any
employee

14

ROLE OF SAFETY AND HEALTH
ORGANIZATION IN MALAYSIA

NASIONAL INSTITUTE OF
SAFETY AND HEALTH

DEPARTMENT OF SAFETY
AND HEALTH

SOCIAL SECURITY
ORGANIZATION

15

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SAFETY
AND HEALTH (N.I.O.S.H)

• To promote a Safe & Healthy Workplace and
Workforce in Malaysia

• To assist Employers and Employees to manage
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in their
organisation effectively

• To provide Quality Solutions for OSH issues a
professional manner, with a pragmatic approach
which are reasonable and practicable

16

DEPARTMENT OF SAFETY AND
HEALTH ( D.0.S.H )

DOSH is responsible for ensuring the
occupational safety, health and welfare of people
at work as well as protecting other people from
the safety and health hazards arising from the
activities of various sectors which include

 Manufacturing
 Mining and quarrying
 Constructions
 Hotel and restaurants
 Agriculture, forestry and fishing
 Transport, storage and communication
 Public services and statutory authorities
 Utilities - gas, electricity, water and sanitary

services
 Finance, insurance, real estate and business

services

17

SOCIAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION
( S.O.C.S.O )

SOCSO operates as a social insurance programme
managed by the government of Malaysia to provide
financial assistance to employees and their families
in the event of accidents, resulting in death,
disablement, or affliction with occupational
diseases.
ROLE OF SOCSO:
i. To register the employers and employees
ii. Collect the SOCSO contribution (or deduction)
iii. Process the benefit claims as well as make

payment to the workers or their beneficiaries

18

ACTIVITIES

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. The term "occupational safety and health

standard" means a standard
which___________, or the adoption or use of
one or more practices, means, methods,
_________ , or processes, reasonably
necessary or appropriate to provide
___________ employment and places of
employment

19

ACTIVITIES

Match the question below with the correct
and accurate answer

S.O.C.S.O DEPARTMENT OF
SAFETY AND HEALTH

N.I.O .S.H SOCIAL SECURITY
D.O.S.H ORGANIZATION

NATIONAL INSTITUTE
OF SAFETY AND
HEALTH

20

LET’S CHECK YOUR
ANSWER

SCAN ME

21

UNIT 2.0
O.S.H MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

[CLO1, C2]

22

COURSE CONTENT

1 2.1 UNDERSTAND THE

CONCEPTS OF SAFETY
& HEALTH
MANAGEMENT

2 2.1 UNDERSTAND THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE

3 2.1 UNDERSTAND THE

ROLES OF THE
MANAGEMENT

23

TOPIC 2.1 CONCEPTS
OHWMEFAHANSALAATTFGHIESETMSYYE&SNTTE:M ?

AN ORDERLY SET OF
COMPONENTS THAT WORK
TOGETHER FOR A CERTAIN
PURPOSE

PURPO COMPONENTS
SE Heart and blood vessels

(artery, veins.
Capillaries).

To transport blood To carry wastes
(oxygen/nutrients) away to be filtered

out of the body.

24

OSH MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

1 Components-
Arrangement (plans,

implementation)

23 Purpose- to ensure safety,
health and welfare of

workers -to comply with

regulation

25

WHY DO YOU NEED A
SYSTEM?

Many activities to
managed together

A system organised
and simplifies
complexity

A system provides order,
structure, and focuses on
the purpose and objective

of activities

26

5 COMPONENTS OF OSH MS-1722

Policy

Plan
System planning, OSH objectives,
development/implementation

Do
Responsibility/accountability;
Competence/training, Hazard control
system
Act
Preventive/corrective action,
Continual improvement
Check
Performance measurement;
Accident/incident investigation;
Auditing

27

topic 2.2
safety and health

committee

28

TOPIC 2.2 SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE?

GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Responsibilities for OSH lies
with those

• who create the risk?
• who work with the risk?

Concept of so far as is
Reasonable/practicable

29

TOPIC 2.2 SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE?

SPIRIT OF OSHA 1994
self regulation

Worker cooperation & All economic activities except
consultation shipping and armed forces.

30

TOPIC 2.2 SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE?

SAFETY & HEALTH

A great concern to company

A greater concern to the
employees

Employees should share in the
work of ACCIDENT
PREVENTATION

31

TOPIC 2.2 SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE?

WHY SAFETY &
HEALTH COMMITTEE

IMPORTANT

Correcting unsafe
conditions

An important source of help would be
overlooked if employee Safety & Health
committee were not included in the
organization

32

Regulation
Section
30(1)

40 or more persons

Every employer shall establish a
Safety & Health Committee (SHC) at the

place of work in accordance with this
section if :-

The Director General directs
the establishment of such a

committee

33

OBJECTIVES OF
SAFETY AND
HEALTH
COMMITTEE(SHC)

Fulfill the requirement of Promote
OSHA1994. consultation/cooperation

management and
workers.

OBJECTIVES OF SHC

.

Provide a two-way Enhance interest and
communication motivation of all groups of
channel or
dissemination of management and workers.
information

34

COMPOSITION
OF COMMITTEE

CHAIRMAN
Employer or Authorized Manager

shall be chairman.

35

APPOINTMENT
OF SAFETY &

HEALTH
COMMITTEE

MEMBER

SECRETARY

Person employed as Safety & Health
Officer

If no SHO, chairman may appoint
another person

SHC may appoint by ballots (vote ) from
members

36

APPOINTMENT OF
SHC MEMBER

MANAGEMENT Min 2 persons ( < 100
REPRESENTATIVES employees)

:

Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees)

WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES :

Selected by workers

Min 2 persons ( < 100 Appointed by employer
employees)
Min 4 persons ( > 100
employees)

37

APPOINTMENT
OF SHC
MEMBER

MANAGEMENT

REPRESENTATIVES :

Nominated from employees Shall represent
various section of

works place.

If no representatives, Do not penalize workers
employer shall appoint who absent due to their
duties as SHC members

Shall represent various section Vacancy shall be replaced in
of works place the same manner for
previous member

38

REMOVAL OF COMMITTEE
MEMBER

Fail to attend 3 Unsound mind
consecutive
meetings

Bankrupt No longer employed
(employee rep)

Convicted on a Incapable to carry
charge of fraud and duty as member

criminal 39

REMOVAL OF COMMITTEE
MEMBER

FUNCTION OF SHC : PART III (OSHA 1994)

Assist in development Review the
of Safety & Health effectiveness of Safety
rules and safe system
of work. & Health Programs

Investigate any safety Review Safety &
& health matter Health policies and

recommend to
employer

40

SPECIFIC FUNCTION OF
SHC

Assist in development of rules
and systems.

Assist in development and
review of safety & health

programs,

Perform analysis of incident
trends and statistics.

Review and recommend
amendments to safety & health

policies.

41

SPECIFIC FUNCTION OF
SHC

Perform inspections - work
place/recommend preventive

and corrective measures.

Assists in the development of
promotional/education
programmers

Discusses reports/matters
from the safety officer,
enforcement officer

Advices the employer on
safety and health
matters.

42

INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE

Inspect at least once in every three months
Discuss the observation of the members during inspection
Record the details of such circumstances in a report kept for
such purpose
Make recommendations for employer on the remedial
measures to be taken on any matter.
Record the recommendations in the report

43

INVESTIGATING INTO ANY

ACCIDENT

(According to SHC Regulation)

Inspect the place of work Furnish the chairman.
as soon as it is safe to do

so

Meeting of the Employer or authorized
committee to discuss the manager shall inform the
chairman or the secretary
report.

44

INVESTIGATING

ASAP convene a Furnish the
meeting to employer/authorized
investigate into manager on the
such incident. recommendations

ANY Discuss the cause of
accident/make
recommendations.

Discuss the report or ACCIDEN
recommendations with T
SHO or Chairman.
Record the decision
of the
employer/authorized
manager.

Direct any person
employed to take such
action.

45

- CONDUCT OF MEETING -

Depends on At least once a
nature of risk at month for high
workplace. risks workplace.

FREQUENCY OF MEETING.

Once in three More frequent
month for other meetings during
workplaces. initial period of
formation.
.

46

- AGENDA AND MINUTES-

Early notice in
writing/circulation of agenda

attached.

Only discussed
Safety & Health.

Minutes circulated soon,
not later than 2 weeks
after meeting

Quorum
Half of total number of

members

Discuss pertaining to OSH
matters or related to any

accident

47

MEETING FACILITIES

Provide suitable Permit member to
meeting room at attend meeting
the place of work. during working
hours.

48