science pbl

PROGRAM BASED LEARNING SCIENCE

Theme : Maintenance and continuity of life
Content standard : Human blood
Learning standard :

Understand and resolve issues related to blood
donation in the context of project-based daily life

through the STEM approach
Name : Amelia Shakira Binti Andy Fairuz

Class : 3 Beta

Subject Teacher : Puan Erneywati

The importance of blood donation

-Many people who have surgery need blood transfusions because they lose blood during their
operations

-Some people who have serious injuries by accidents

-Some people need blood or parts of blood because of illnesses
● A severe infection or liver disease that stops your body from properly making blood or some

parts of blood.
● An illness that causes anaemia, such as kidney disease or cancer.

● A bleeding disorder, such as hemophilia or thrombocytopenia

-Restoration of blood cells

-During a regular blood donation, we can give around 470 ml of whole blood.

-Occupies nearly 8 or 9 percent of the average blood volume of an adult person.
-Within 24 to 48 hours lost volume will regenerate.

-Within 8 or 9 weeks lost cells are regenerated by stem cells (takes place in the bone marrow)
-With the newly generated blood cells, a person energy levels and activity goes up, your body stays

healthy and work more efficiently.
-By donating blood once we can burn nearly 600 calories.

-Weight reduction
-By donating blood once we can burn nearly 600 calories and we know that these days many are

prone to heart attack due to heavyweight.

the criteria of someone who qualifies someone to donate blood

Most people can give blood. You can give blood if you:

● are fit and healthy
● weigh between 50 kg and 160 kg
● are aged between 17 and 66 (or 70 if you have given blood before)
● are over 70 and have given blood in the last two years

ISSUES RELATED TO DONATING BLOOD

1. Donors donate blood. The donated blood is about 400 cm3. Blood is taken through the
veins on the arm. The blood is then stored in a blood bag containing sodium citrate. The
purpose is to prevent blood clots. The time taken for a blood bag is about 5-10 minutes.

2. Blood donated will then be tested to determine the ABO blood group. This is an important
step in ensuring the suitability of donor blood with the blood of the patient who will
receive the blood. If not sure the correct group, the blood transfusion process will be
more difficult.

3. Blood filters are performed for any signs of illness such as Hepatitis B and C, AIDS and
other blood transfusion. The presence of viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus

(HIV) and unwanted substances will also be identified. The contaminated blood bags will
be removed.

4. Once blood is completely clean and healthy, the blood will be stored in the refrigerator
at 4 C for 5 to 10 days or longer after being added with glucose. Specifically, blood
components can be stored as follows:
-Red blood cells - in the refrigerator for 42 days
-Platelet - at room temperature for 5 days
-Plasma - frozen for 1 year