MATH
PRIMARY
1st Quarter
47
Week
NUMBERS 1/3
My World with Math
IN YOUR BODY
ou can find numbers everywhere. There are six plates on your dining
table. There are eight books inside your bag. You have a five-peso
Ychange after buying snacks. Did you know that you can also find
numbers in your body?
Count the given body parts below. Write the numbers in numerals and
words.
Body Part Numeral Word
eye
nose
mouth
tooth
ear
arm
finger
leg
knee
toe
48
Here are other numbers that can be found in the human body:
A person uses 17 muscles
when smiling. He uses 43 Humans lose 60 to 100
muscles when frowning. hairs from their head
every day.
Children have 350 bones. The human body consists
Adults have 206 bones. of 22 internal organs.
Internal organs help
us live. The five most
important internal organs
The human body consists are the heart, brain,
of 200 muscles. kidneys, liver, and lungs.
Photo: rawpixel.com
49
D.I.Y.
Tool Kit
COMPASS
• Venus Alleah Nuñez
o you need help in navigating the needle through the edges of the
directions? Learn and have fun cork. Push the needle until the same
Din making your own compass! length of it sticks out from either
side of the cork.
Materials
• magnet 5. Place the cork in the bowl. Make
• needle sure that it is floating above the
surface of the water and that both
• cork stopper ends of the needles are sticking
• a bowl of water out.
• scissors or cutter 6. Check if the needle is magnetized
• marker enough. Watch the cork
slowly rotate clockwise or
To Make the Compass... counterclockwise. If it does not
1. Look for supervision! Ask your move, rub the ends of the needle
parents or an older sibling to help again on the magnet.
you make the compass. 7. Figure out the directions. Use
2. Magnetize the needle. Rub one another compass to help you
end of the needle on one side of determine the north and the
the magnet. Continuously do this south ends of the needle. Lay
for at least 30 times in the same the compass horizontally beside
direction, and then do it to the the bowl. Observe the compass
other end on the flipside of the needle. Its south end will be
magnet. attracted to the north end of the
3. Prepare the cork. Draw a circle cork’s needle, and vice versa.
about 2 inches in diameter (or a at 8. Label the cork with N for north
least the size of a coin) on the cork. and S for south. Now, you have
Let your parents or older sibling cut a homemade compass. Happy
it out. navigating!
4. Insert the needle in the cork. Pierce References:
WikiHow. “How to Make a Compass,” accessed March 13, 2019, https://
www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Compass.
50 Rookie Parenting. “How to Make a Compass for Kids,” accessed March 13,
2019, https://www.rookieparenting.com/make-your-own-compass/
HOW MANY? 4/5
Matteo & Matilda Week
atteo and Matilda are preparing their things for school
tomorrow. They are counting their books, notebooks,
Mand other school items to know who has more things to
carry in their bags.
I have eight books and I have eight books
nine notebooks. How and 10 notebooks.
about you? My books are as
many as yours, but I
have more notebooks
than you.
How many pencils and ballpens I have one pencil and six
do you have? I have three ballpens. I have less pencils
pencils and three ballpens. but more ballpens than you.
51
Chat about Math
ADDING
THREE-DIGIT
NUMBERS
et us find out how many sets of school uniforms
Paula needs to sew. Let us add the population of
Lstudents for Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3.
Place Value 100 10 1
1
Grade 1 students 1 1 2 100 10 1 1
Grade 2 students 1 3 5 100 10 10 1 1 1
10
1
Grade 3 students + 1 4 8 100 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
10 10
Putting all the s together, we get 15 s. Ten s make one
1
1
1
and we are left with five s.
10 1
1
Grade 1 students 1 1 2 100 10 10 1 1
Grade 2 students 1 3 5 100 10 10 1 1 1 1
10 1
Grade 3 students + 1 4 8 100 10 10 1 1 1 1
10 10 1 1 1 1
5
52
Putting all the s together,
10
we get nine s.
10
1
Grade 1 students 1 1 2 100 10 10
Grade 2 students 1 3 5 100 10 10
10
Grade 3 students + 1 4 8 100 10 10 1
10 10 1 1 1 1
9 5
Now, putting all the s
100
together, we get three s.
100
1
Grade 1 students 1 1 2 100 10 10
Grade 2 students 1 3 5 100 10 10
10
Grade 3 students + 1 4 8 100 10 10 1
10 10 1 1 1 1
3 9 5
Therefore, Paula's shop needs to sew 395
sets of school uniforms in all.
53
Check Up
A. Answer the following questions:
1. Chris collected ₱253 from his group- 2. Patrick found 175 old coins last week.
mates. Sandra collected ₱381 from He found 116 old coins this week. How
her groupmates. How much money many old coins did he find in all?
do they have in all?
2 5 3 1 7 5
+ 3 8 1 + 1 1 6
B. Add the following numbers:
1. 612 + 348 =
2. 553 + 269 =
3. 422 + 156 =
4. 127 + 291 =
5. 802 + 133 =
54
Week
6
Tool Kit
DIY TREASURE MAP
ould you like to go on an adventure? Great! Below are the steps
for a do-it-yourself treasure map you can make and play with
Wyour siblings and friends.
Materials
cartolina
pencil
markers
crayons
Steps
1. On the cartolina, draw a map
based on the layout of your house.
You can change the name of the
living room into a treehouse, the
bathroom into a well, and your
bedroom into a cave.
2. Mark the spot where the treasure
can be found with an X.
3. Show your map to your parents
and ask them to hide the treasure.
4. Now, you can play with your
siblings or invite your friends over
to find the treasure.
55
Week
7/8
aCute Story
PATRICK’S BIRTHDAY
t is Patrick’s seventh birthday today! His parents organized a party at
home. They cooked food and also invited relatives and friends. They
I prepared fun games and activities for everyone.
For the last game, the host grouped the children into two. Then, he asked
each group to arrange themselves according to age from youngest to oldest.
The first group consisted of children aged 7, 6, 8, 9, and 5. The second group
consisted of children aged 10, 7, 8, 6, and 11.
56
56
Chat about Math
ORDERING NUMBERS
et us help the two groups arrange themselves
according to age from youngest to oldest. Let us start
Lwith the first group.
7, 6, 8, 9, 5
To do this, we need to arrange the numbers from lowest to highest.
5, 6, 7, 8, 9
57
Now, let us arrange the second group from youngest to oldest.
10, 7, 8, 6, 11
To do this, we also need to arrange the numbers from lowest to highest
like what we did with the first group.
6, 7, 8, 10, 11
Both groups arranged themselves according to age correctly! Thank you
for your help!
58
Arrange the following numbers from least to greatest:
Check Up
1. 5, 6, 12, 3, 19, 17
2. 20, 16, 7, 18, 11
3. 26, 32, 15, 8, 50
4. 54, 23, 29, 40, 36
5. 73, 55, 29, 37, 88
59
Week
9/10
Figure It Out
ACTING OUT
THE PROBLEM
cting a word problem is one strategy to solve it. You may act out a
word problem alone or with your friends. You may play with them
Aas actors or use tokens or chips to represent people or objects in the
problem. This can help you understand a problem better and solve it more
easily.
Solve the following problems by acting each one:
1. Jessica’s mother noticed that there is a long line at the counter in the
supermarket. She wanted to get one more item so she asked Jessica to fall
in line. After a few minutes, Jessica's mother joined her in line. If they are
14th from the front and third from the back, how many people are now
in line?
60
aCute Story
2. Jessica sees her teacher also in the cashier line. If Teacher Sandy is 16th from
the front and second from the back, how many people are now in line?
3. After a few minutes, Jessica and her mother are now fifth from the front
and 10th from the back. How many people are now in line?
61
LONG QUEUE
arah and her mother are going home from school. They need to ride
a jeepney that will pass by their house. They see a long queue at the
Sjeepney terminal. They patiently wait for their turn.
Sarah tells her mother that some of her teachers and classmates are also
in line. Her mother starts asking about their names based on their position
while in line. Can you help Sarah?
start
jeepney terminal CJ Alexa Timothy Sam Mark
Anna
John
Miss Patty Sir Brian Lyka Andrew
Miss Julie
Terrence
Sir John
Shane Pauline Ryan Jennifer
Miss Dolly
end
Sarah and her mother Kat
62
SCIENCE
PRIMARY
1st Quarter
63
Week
The Nose
Science T oday 1
Science T oday
Knows How to Protect the Body
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
The nose is the sensory organ we use off harmful germs from the air.
to smell and identify odor. The tiny hairs The nose releases a sticky
inside the nose called cilia also filter very substance called mucus
tiny specks in the air. Nasal hairs block (pronounced myu-kus.) It
particles from entering the body as we also gives off many tiny
breathe. However, scientists recently sacs called exosomes. The number of
discovered that the nose can also protect exosomes doubles when the nose detects
us from disease-causing germs. germs. Some of the exosomes go inside
Our body has an immune system. This the body to alert the cells located at
serves as a guard that fights germs and the back of the nose. At the same time,
viruses that we get from our surroundings. exosomes also arm the nose cells with
Scientists learned that the immune system bacteria-killing chemicals when germs are
only works when germs or viruses have present.
entered the body. In this recent discovery, Source: Le Page, Michael. “Secret Weapon Keeps Nose Safe.” New Scien-
the nose was found to be the first to ward tist. November 2018.
Vector: Freepik
Mini Moon
Might be Seen Soon
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
We only see twin moons in anime or in Unlike the natural moon, the mini moon
science fiction movies. In reality, however, will be very bright. It will be very near the
only one moon beautifies the sky with Earth because it will be placed only 300
the twinkling stars. But a mini moon may miles above the city. Scientists are finding
hover in the skies of Chengdu in China a way to control the light from the mini
pretty soon. moon. They want to be able to dim or
The Chengdu Aerospace Science and switch it off.
Technology Microelectronics System This project aims to limit the use of
has planned to launch a mini moon in street lights and decrease energy use. The
2020. Similar to the Moon, the light of the glow from the mini moon should light up
artificial moon will come from the Sun and the busy streets of Chengdu, and other
will be reflected to Earth. This will be made parts of the world, too. However, this will
possible by covering an orb which will make light pollution worse and make stars
be launched in the sky with a mirror-like harder to see.
coating. Source: Christiansen, Diane. “The Chinese City Of Chengdu May Soon Be Home To
Multiple ‘Moons’.” DOGOnews. https://www.dogonews.com/2018/10/27/the-chinese-city-
of-chengdu-may-soon-be-home-to-multiple-moons.
64 Vector: brgfx/Freepik
TOWER CHALLENGE
Play to Learn
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
kyscrapers and tall buildings are truly fascinating works of people. They
symbolize the skills, technology, wealth, and power of a country where
Sthey are found. And so the challenge continues. Where will the building
that will unseat the Burj Khalifa of Dubai, UAE be built? You can start joining
the challenge by making your own tower using everyday materials.
You need... 3. Create the highest tower you can
• 20 Popsicle sticks build using popsicle sticks and
• clear tape strings in 10 minutes. (You may
use more than 20 popsicle sticks
• one small marshmallow if you wish.)
• scissors 4. Put the marshmallow on top of
• yarn or string the completed tower.
• ruler 5. Test if the tower is stable by
blowing on it three times. The
You will... tower must stand on its own.
1. Pass this challenge online with
your friends and classmates. Have 6. Measure the height of the
a competition on who can build towerand record it. Share it online
the tallest and sturdiest tower. with your friends and classmates
who did the same challenge.
Vectors: 2. Cut a string and make 15 pieces,
measuring 15 centimeters each.
Answer these…
1. What is the shape of the base of the tallest tower?
2. Does the shape of the tower make it stable?
3. What is the relationship of the base and height when
building towers?
Source: “STEM for Kids: Tower Building
Challenge.” Wikki Stix. https://www.
wikkistix.com/lesson-plans/stem-for-
kids-tower-building-challenge/.
65
Week
JUMP, RUN, BALANCE!
Beyond the T extbo ok 2
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan • Illustration: Kenneth Justine A. Licaycay
very afternoon, Joe and his friends Lance, Ritz, and Amie play
outdoor games. They like to play outdoor games because it is a lot
Emore fun than online or any other games. Let us play with them to
know which classic outdoor Filipino games can help improve balance.
Patintero
Patintero is a contest of two teams
with an equal number of players—
usually four. Each team will take turns
as guards or runners. The guards
must not let the runners from the
other team move forward. The guards,
however, must remain on the drawn
lines at all times.
A guard has to have a keen sense
of balance to keep his or her feet on
the lines while chasing the runners.
Tumbang Preso
The goal of the game Tumbang Preso
is to make the empty can fall on its
side by hitting it with slippers. The
person who guards the can or the
“it” (taya in Filipino) may step on the
slipper and the can with both feet.
The owner of the slipper that has
been stepped on will be the next “it.”
This requires balance especially when
you stretch your legs to reach flip-
flops that are far from the can.
66
Piko Luksong Baka
Piko is a game that requires the
players to draw box figures on the
ground to use as an enclosed play
area. Each player throws a marker
within a box on each level. The
objective is to get to the last box
without stepping on the one where Luksong baka is a physically
the marker or stone lies. Some boxes challenging classic outdoor game.
will require you to jump using one A player becomes an “it” or “cow”
foot, so balance is a must! and other players have to jump over
him or her. The crouching player will
gradually stand up until he or she
is fully erected. The “cows” need to
Sipa
balance themselves so they will not
fall when other players push them as
they jump.
Science Words
• balance – ability to stay upright
and stay in control of the body
Sipa is a traditional game that is movement
related to Sepak Takraw. A tiny metal • stretch – ability to extend one’s
wrapped with candy foil or colorful limbs
threads is used as the ball. The "ball" • crouching – act of lowering the
may be tossed using the palm of the body by bending one’s legs
hand or hit with an elbow or kicked • erect – vertical in position; standing
into the air repeatedly. Players need a up
good sense of balance, too, to hit the
"ball" or do tricks like “black magic.”
67
CAN WE BE FRIENDS? Values Corner
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan • Illustration: Quinnie Maramba
t is the first day of school in Masaya Elementary School. Mrs. Torres
asked her pupils to introduce themselves. Ayla is afraid of talking in front
Iof the class because of her appearance. However, a little courage helped
her do something she has not done before.
Hello, classmates! I am
Ayla Marie Torre. I look That’s impressive, Ayla! Class, you should always
different because of a respect your teachers, classmates, and other
condition called albinism. school personnel. Ayla may look different, but
I have very pale skin and you should not tease or make fun of her. We will
blonde hair. I want to be a have an activity after recess.
doctor someday so I can
help people, especially the
albinos like me.
Hello, Ayla! I'm Alice. Do you
want an orange? Sure, Alice. Thanks!
By the way, I can
relate to your situation. Really? But your skin
Sometimes people call looks fine. I like it!You
me silly names because have lots of natural sun
of my skin color. I wish I protection.
have fair skin.
Hmmm. I think we
should be friends! That's great! I'll
show you my dolls
at home. They're
pretty like you!
68
I Can
INFERRING AT THE BARN
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
ne morning, Jeffrey went to with other related information.
their barn to visit his hens, In experiments, scientists only
OChikay, Chichi, and Chihiro. record direct observations, such
Three weeks ago, he had collected as measurements, but not their
nine eggs from his hens, which laid inferences. However, inferences are
them in three consecutive days. still used in scientific investigations
He counted the eggs inside the in making assumptions, predictions,
nest. There were only six eggs left. or conclusions.
While giving feed to his chickens, he In the situation given, Jeffrey has
suddenly heard chirps. What do you observed that three of the eggs
think happened? What can you infer went missing. He has also heard
from his observations? chirps. Thus, he may infer that some
of the eggs have hatched. He may
Observation and Inference
Observation and inference also check pieces of eggshells to
are two different things. make his inference more accurate.
Observation comes from our We can write observations and
senses. Sometimes, we use tools inferences this way:
to improve our observations, such
Vector: Freepik as the microscope or a magnifying Observation: There are pieces of
eggshells in the nest.
glass. In contrast, inference comes
from studying observations Inference: Some of the chicks have
hatched from the egg.
69
On Your Own
Examine the pictures below. Write an observation about each of
the photos and make an inference from each of it. The first item is
done for you.
1. 2.
Observation: There are no children Observation: ____________
in this playground every Monday ________________________
morning. ________________________
Inference: The playground is empty Inference: ______________
because children are still at school. ________________________
________________________
3. 4. 5.
Observation: _________ Observation: __________ Obser vation: ___
_____________________ ______________________ ________________
____________________ _____________________ _______________
Inference: ___________ Inference: _____________ ________________
_____________________ ______________________ Inference: ____________
____________________ _____________________ ____________________
____________________
70
Week
I Can
CLASSIFYING MATTER 3/4
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
e identify the things we see by giving them names. Classifying
those that we identify makes it easier for us to make observations.
WAnd through our observation, we see their similarities and
differences.
Scientists are fond of classifying or grouping things because it makes
communicating and organizing information easy. Matter can be classified
based on their appearance (physical properties) and based on their
structure (chemical properties). One of the principal ways of classifying
matter is based on its simple observable state: solid, liquid, or gas.
Let us review the differences between solid, liquid, and gas. Solid has
both definite shape and definite volume. Liquid has definite volume, but
has no shape as it freely flows. Gas has no definite volume and no definite
shape. It can, however, be compressed to occupy a smaller volume or
expand to occupy a larger one.
Vector: Shutterstock
SOLID LIQUID GAS
The arrangement of molecules or very tiny particles of a solid, a
liquid, and a gas.
On the next page, you will see a picture of water in different phases.
Can you identify which picture shows water in solid, gas, and liquid state?
71
This is an iceberg. It is a very huge piece of ice
floating in the ocean. An iceberg is water in its
solid state, the ocean water is liquid, and the cloud
is gas. If you identified those three, then you are
right!
On Your Own
Each box contains three objects. One is in a different state. Draw
a circle around the object that is in a different state. Then, write the
state of that matter inside the oval.
72
Week
RIDE MY 5/7
BIKE
Our Changing W orld
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
ycling or biking is a fun activity. It is a hobby that is good for the
body and mind. At first, it might be scary. You might fall. But when
Cyou get the hang of it, you can have lots of fun.
What Is a Bike?
A bicycle, or simply bike, is a vehicle that has two wheels. A person
sits on its saddle seat and pushes the foot pedals for it to run. It also
has brakes to slow it down or put it into a full stop.
Popular Types of Bikes
There are many types of bikes. Each type has a different look, feel,
and purpose. Look at the examples below.
Mountain Bike BMX or Trick Bike
Many people ride mountain bikes on BMX stands for Bicycle Motocross. These
paved and dirt roads. Its thick tires are bikes are typically small and lightweight.
designed for rocky mountain trails. They are used for racing in short dirt
tracks. They can be used for doing tricks
or jumps, too.
Road Bike
Road bikes are lightweight and designed Commuter Bike
to run fast. They have thin tires. They Commuter bikes are used for general
also have down-turned handlebars. Road transport. They can be equipped with
bikes or racers are used for sprint or long some useful parts, such as bag racks, Photos: Shutterstock
distance road racing. lights, and baskets.
73
Benefits of Cycling
Cycling is a fun form of exercise. It can improve your balance.
It will strengthen your legs and thighs. Moreover, it will give you
freedom to roam around the neighborhood for free. You will feel more
independent and responsible for yourself. Cycling can also take away
stress. Above all, it is a great way to bond with your family and friends.
Safety First!
When riding a bike, you should always make safety your priority. You
cannot just ride a bike without knowing how to use it properly. Here are
some safety tips for first timers:
• Use training wheels if it is your first time to ride a bike.
• Wear a properly fitted helmet and protective gear.
• Do not ride a bike on open roads. It is very unsafe especially when
vehicles are passing by. Practice only in parks or enclosed areas.
• Always be on the lookout for
people walking near you.
• Stay alert at all times. Watch Science Words
out for bumps on the road that
could make you lose control of • trail – a rugged path or terrain
your bike. • inflate – adding air to a tire
• brake – a device that is used to
• Always check your bike before slow down or stop the movement
riding it. Make sure that the of a bicycle or other vehicles
brakes work and the wheels are
inflated.
Sources: "Types of Bikes." The Bicycle Escape. https://thebicycleescape.com/resources/types-of-bikes/;
"The benefits of cycling for children and families." Sustrans. https://www.sustrans.org.uk/what-you-can-do/children-and-families/cycling-kids/bene-
fits-family-cycling;
"Kids and Bicycle Safety." National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://icsw.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/pedbimot/bike/kidsandbikesafetyweb/.
Accessed 22 April 2019.
74
WORKING TOGETHER
Organized Ideas
bicycle is an example of a compound machine. It is an assembly of
simple machines. Simple machines are basic mechanical objects
Athat are used to modify motion and force. Usually they have few or
no moving parts.
In a bicycle, simple machines work together to make travel easier than
walking. Let us look closer at the simple machines found in a bicycle and
how they work.
Rivet fastening
the saddle seat
Rear wheel (Screw)
(Wheel-and-
Paddle
(Lever)
Chain ring
and chains
(Pulley)
75
SIMPLE MACHINES
Inclined Plane
It is used to raise or lower
Brake lever heavy objects.
(Lever)
Wedge
It is used to split things
apart. Some examples are
knife and ax.
Screw
Front wheel It is used to fasten or hold
(Wheel-and- things together.
axle)
Lever
It is used to lift heavy
things.
Wheel-and-axle
It is used to move objects
easily.
Pulley
It is used to lift heavy
objects.
Vectors: Flaticon and Freepik
76
Week
Organized Ideas 8/10
THE LIVING
WATER
• Dolly Anne L. Idlisan
(drawing off from clouds)
(vapor changing into tiny
(liquid water falling onto drops of liquid)
the Earth's surface)
(surface water turning
into vapor)
(rain flowing from land
surfaces into streams)
77
77 S&T Digest
ater cycle is the continuous process of water moving from the
Earth's surface to the atmosphere. It is a complex system that
Winvolves many processes apart from evaporation, precipitation,
and condensation. Learn how water moves in natural processes in this
illustration.
COLD REGIONS
(ARCTICS)
(movement of water in
the atmosphere)
(ice crystals fall off onto
(evaporation of snow) the surface)
(water evaporating from
a plant’s surface)
(water vapor freezing)
(snow flowing from mountain
surfaces onto streams)
(movement of water between the soil and rocks)
(roots absorbing water)
(slow passage of water to
the soil that seeps it)
78
Adapted from infographic by National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Grade 2 78
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