Grammar Map note

PLE SENTENCE

You should go to the doctor.

You should not skip school.

I can finally answer the question!
Can you give me five dollars?
It can be the greatest event of the year.
It might rain in the evening.

May I ask you a question?
May be I can give you my permission?
You must not smoke in this restaurant.

She must be the murderer

Could you please pass me the salt?
He could surpass me.

ARTICL

NUMERAL

QUANTIFIERS DETERM

POSSESSIVE

ORDIN

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LE
DEMONSTRATIVE

MINER

INTERROGATIVE
NAL

NO. ATTRIBUTE WORD EXAMP
1 ARTICLE
2 DEMONSTRATIVE A/An/The
3 INTERROGATIVE
This/These
4 ORDINAL That/Those
5 POSSESSIVE
6 QUANTIFIER Whose
Which
7 NUMERAL What
How Many
How Much
First
Second
Last
My
Your
His
Some
Many
More
A Few
Third
One
Two
Three

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PLE SENTENCE

She is a widow.
I stepped on an ant.
We stopped by the river.
This is my favourite food.
These are very delicious doughnuts.
That man is watching me.
Those people are homeless.
Whose bag is that?
Which one is your house?
What can I do to help you?
How many people are going to the seminar?
How much should I pay you?
I won the first prize.
She was ranked as the second in the list.
I was the last person leaving the class.
That is my boyfriend.
Can I borrow your car?
That is his shirt.
Give me some money, please?
She has many earrings.
Give me more sauce, please?
I need a few of paper clips.
She is my third wife.
Please turn to page one.
Give me two kilograms of chili, please?
Three robbers ran away with RM2.6 billion.

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 After  Once
 Although  Rather than
 As  Since
 As if  So that
 As long as  Than
 As much as  That
 As soon as  In order that
 As though  Unless
 Because  Until
 Before  When
 Even if  Whenever
 Even though  Where
 If  Wherever
 while
 Though

FOR
AND
NOR…NEITHER
BUT
OR
YET
SO

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NO. ATTRIBUTE WORD SENTENCE
EXAMPLE

1 SUBORDINATING After Let’s go to the mall after lunch.
He still trust me although I lied to him.
CONJUNCTION Although

As She walked away as I arrived.

As if You look as if you were a beggar.

As long as I will support you as long as I can.

As much as I love you as much as you love me.

As soon as I will be there as soon as possible.

As though Amran seems as though he wants to leave.

Because She ran because she was afraid.

Before I already knew her before we got married.

Even if Mena still smiles even if she lose.

Even though Ray still runs even though his foot injured.

If If you do not like me, you can leave!

Though Though it was raining, we went hiking.

Once She did not once thank me.

Rather than I prefer durian rather than rambutan.

Since He had two jobs since he graduated.

So that I struggle so that I can have a better future.

Than It is easier said than done.

That He told me that I need to work hard.

In order I studied hard in order to pass my exam.
Unless I can’t help you unless you tell me the truth.

Until At least wait until the doctor sees her.

When You had been there when I needed you.
Whenever Please see me whenever you’re free.

Where Taj Mahal is the place where we will go.

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Wherever Remember your family wherever you go.

While Chen called while you were out.

2 COORDINATING For The Prime Minister acted for the best.
My friend and I went for picnic.
CONJUNCTION And

Neither…Nor Neither May nor did I fit for the task.

But I wanted to join but I’ve to help my mother.

Or You should do your job or you can quit!
Yet I’ve allergies to cats, yet I’ve three of them.
So I am a vegetarian, so I don’t eat meat.

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PCT – was/were 1. Simple Past Tense (SPT) –
+ [Verb+ing] Function:
Describes about the thing/action that
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense HAPPENED in the past
(PPcT) - Structure:
Function: S + [Verb + (ed/Irregular Verb)]
Describes about the thing/action that Example:
ALREADY COMPLETED AND Jalil walked through the corridor. [S +V+ed]
ONGOING in the past Amy went to Johor Premium Outlet. [S + V
Structure: + Irregular Verb]
S + Had + Been + (Verb + ing) 2. Past Continuous Tense (PCT) -
Example: Function:
Jalil had been walking through the Describes about the thing/action that WAS
corridor. [S + Had + Been + (Verb + HAPPENING in the past
ing)] Structure:
Amy had been going to Johor S+ Was/were + [Verb+ing]
Premium Outlet. [S + Had + Been + Example:
(Verb + ing)] Jalil was walking through the corridor.
[S+ Was + (Verb+ing)]
Amy and her friends were going to Johor
Premium Outlet. [S+ Were + (Verb+ing)]
3. Past Perfect Tense (PPcT) -

Function:

Describes about the thing/action that
COMPLETED in the past
Structure:

S + Had + [Verb+ ed/Irregular Verb]

Example:

Jalil had walked through the corridor. [S +
Had + (V +ed)]

Amy and her friends had went to Johor
Premium Outlet. [S + Had +Irregular Verb]

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4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense 1. Simple Present Tense (SPrT) –
(PPcT) - Function:
Describes about the thing/action that
Function: happens at the time it is spoken
Structure:
Describes about the thing/action that
ALREADY COMPLETED AND S + (Verb + s/es/ies)Ⓢ/Ⓟ
ONGOING at the time it is spoken
Example:
Structure: Jalil walks alone. [S + (Verb + s)]
Amy cries. [S + (Verb + ies)]
S + Has/Have + Been + (Verb + ing) 2. Present Continuous Tense (PrCT) -
Function:
Example: Describes about the thing/action that is
HAPPENING at the time it is spoken
Jalil has been walking alone. [S + Has Structure:
+ Been + (Verb + ing)] S+ Was/were + [Verb+ing]
Example:
Amy and her friends have been going Jalil was walking through the corridor.
to Johor Premium Outlet. [S + Have + [S+ Was + (Verb+ing)]
Been + (Verb + ing)] Amy and her friends were going to Johor
Premium Outlet. [S+ Were + (Verb+ing)]
3. Present Perfect Tense (PrPcT) -

Function:

Describes about the thing/action that
ALREADY COMPLETED at the time it is
spoken

Structure:

S + Has/Have + [Verb+ ed/Irregular Verb]

Example:

Amy and her friends has went to Johor
Premium Outlet. [S + Had +Irregular Verb]

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4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense 1. Simple Future Tense (SFT) –
(FPcT) - Function:

Function: Describes about the thing/action that WILL
HAPPEN in the future
Describes about the thing/action that is
COMPLETED AND ONGOING in the Structure:
future S + Will/Shall + Root Word (Kata Asal)
Example:
Structure: Jalil will/shall walk to school.
[S + Will/Shall + Verb + RW]
S + Will/Shall + Have + [Verb+ ing] 2. Future Continuous Tense (FCT) -
Function:
Example:
Describes about the thing/action that is
Amy and her friends will have been HAPPENING in the future
going to Johor Premium Outlet. S +
Will/Shall + Have + (Verb+ ing)] Structure:
**‘Will’ should be used with second S + Will/Shall + Be + (Verb + ing)
and third person pronouns (you, he, Example:
she, it, they). Jalil will/shall be walking alone.
[S + Will/Shall + Be + (Verb + ing)]
3. Future Perfect Tense (FPcT) -

Function:

Describes about the thing/action that is
COMPLETED in the future

Structure:

S + Will/Shall + Have + [Verb+ ed/Irregular
Verb]
Example:

Amy will/shall have went to Johor Premium
Outlet
[S + Will/Shall + Have + (Verb+ ed/Irregular
Verb)]
**‘Shall’ should be used with first person
pronouns (I,we) / when asking question.

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