BSA1-Rigua, Josa Kate-Flipbook

Art Appreciation

Rigua, Josa Kate
BSA L1-A

Importance of Studying Humanities

in Accounting

The humanities help us understand others through their languages,
histories and cultures. Humanities expand our knowledge of human
cultures and help us understand what binds us together and what
differentiates us from one another. As a student who is currently taking a
Bachelor of Science in Accountancy we need to study the humanities.
Accountants need an understanding of the current and possible places of
accounting in the world and how it could better human kind. Therefore,
accountants need an education grounded in the humanities and social
sciences, that is, in the liberal arts. We need to know how to be a good
human to our coworkers, managers or the CEO.

My Virtual National Museum Tour

A museum is a place where antique things and art are preserved for
the public to be seen. A visit to a museum imparts us knowledge about the
civilization of the past. Museums teach us about the past. Everything there
has a story to tell. We can easily learn how things were done, how life
looked like and even what people wore and did every day. It is living
history from times gone by that help us understand ourselves. That’s the
importance of museum. As a student of online learning, I am thankful
because there are videos like this where you can learn and you can see the
ones inside the museum even if you are just at home. One of the most
significant benefits of virtual museums is the fact that your location does
not constrain you or many students no longer go to the museums because
of pandemic. Museums worldwide offer digital tours, shows, and
exhibitions that allow you to immerse yourself in their art regardless of
location and geographical boundaries, so that you can still see those in the
museum. Museums have the power to create unity on both a social and
political level, but also on a local one. Local museums are able to provide
a sense of community and place by celebrating a collective heritage,
offering a great way to get to know the history of a particular area.

In this video, museums are without doubt a storehouse of a
particular nation’s history and culture. Through their exhibits, they chart
the course of the country’s development. It’s often describes a nation’s
journey from prehistory to modernity, and this description is enriched by
the display of historical artifacts such as tools, paintings, jar and even
reptiles.

There are area 1 to area
4 in the video, I like the Area
1 which is the National Artist
Hall of Masters and the
National Artists Juan Luna
Exhibit. In this virtual tour of
the National Museum of Fine Arts Area 1, you can marvel at the
masterpieces of Filipino artists.

Juan Luna (Spoliarium), Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo (The
Assassination of Governor Bustamante and His Son), and Carlos
"Botong" V. Francisco (Filipino Struggles Through History), among
others. The showcase pieces is Juan Luna’s “Spoliarium” which won one
of three gold medals at the 1884 Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes in

Madrid. This imposing piece had been returned to the Philippines
by the Spanish goverment cut up, in three panels, due to its
tremendous size and scale. Also featured in this room are other

works by Juan Luna during his time in Europe, as well as works of other
Philippine national artists.

I hope that the National Museum was designed according to time or
era so it will feel like just travelling back in time. After everything I saw
I can only conclude that we might be a third world country but our heritage
and culture is undeniably rich and should be seen and appreciated by all
Filipinos. After everything I've seen today, I can't help but be prideful of
how rich our culture is and we
should celebrate it. It surely is the
key to the secrets of our past and
certainly defines us as a nation full
of great treasures that can rival the
best museums in the world.

“Spoliarium”
Painting by Juan Luna

The Spoliarium is a stunning and massive painting of 13.8 ft × 25.18
ft in the first floor of the National Art Museum. It is an oil painting on
canvas by the renowned Filipino artist, Juan Luna. On the left side of the
painting, there is an audience of people seeming to only speculate the
slaughter of a great number of people, there's so many dead body. While
on the right side, there appears to be mourning family members, in search

for their loved ones on the piles of dead bodies in the background. The
painting has an overall Renaissance vibe to it. The lines are soft,
granting a naturalistic and realistic scene.

It is a painting with a dark color scheme and a darker subject, colors
used are mostly shades of black and brown, there are also touches of
white, red, and blue. The color scheme ultimately enhances the naturalism
and realism of the painting, as well as depict a tragic story through the
dark shades. There is the presence of chiaroscuro in the painting, giving
an eerie look to the artwork and the use of light and dark also makes the
painting more stunningly tragic by giving emphasis to the remains of
gladiators. I think the mood and visual effect that this painting portrays
can be considered to be suffering, mourning, pain, and defeat.

FARCON BUILDING

CRITIQUE

There is a four-college

building at San Pablo Colleges

and the Farcon building, this is

one of my memorized buildings because it was my classroom when I was

senior high school. As a student, for me it's okay that the emergency stair

of this building is in the middle, because that stairs serve as emergency

stairs just in case of emergency because the concrete stairs are on both

sides. When there is an emergency, it's fair to the people who are in the

middle of the building and to avoid stampede because there are more

people to go through, less

chances of being crowded

and taking a long time to

get down to this building.

This building has six

classrooms per floor and

This is a Farcon building taking a two doors in one room,
picture from Macasaet.

which is advantage because once

there is an emergency in this building,

it is easy to get out of the room. It have
a window at the back, it’s very modern

window which is a sliding window. Sample view behind the
Since it is a classroom, architect Farcon building, I take this
decides to do a window that is high,
picture 6am onwards.

unlike other classrooms where the children are just as tall as the window,

sometimes they are distracted in what they are doing because they are

dazed by the window or because of the passing students. This building is

also well positioned because you can see the rising sun in the morning and

a beautiful view with the mountains, which is good when you are inside a

building. Its hallway is wide, avoiding crowding of students. It is not

fully closed unlike full walls, which is good because the air can circulate

better, and it is not too hot inside. Its paint is green and cream, the texture

of its paint and its veranda in the hallway is also smooth. Overall, this

building is nice, beautiful, and amazing.

The architect of this farcon building is so smart, he studied how to
make a student building better. Architecture exists to create the physical
environment in which people live, but architecture is more than just
the built environment, it's also a part of our culture. It stands as a
representation of how we see ourselves, as well as how we see
the world.

UP Oblation Statue
by Guillermo E. Tolentino

Guillermo E. Tolentino was born on 24 July 1890 in Malolos,
Bulacan. His parents were Isidro Tolentino and Balbina Estrella. He was
a Filipino sculptor in classical style who was named National Artist for
the Visual Arts in 1973. He is hailed as the "Father of Philippine Arts."
He is known for Portrait sculpture, commemorative, public art. He was a
Filipino sculptor in classical style who was named National Artist for the
Visual Arts in 1973. Tolentino was known as a master in classical
sculpture. He sculpted the University of the Philippines' most
recognizable emblem, the UP Oblation, as well as the Bonifacio
Monument in Caloocan City. This commission brought him national

recognition, the design for which was chosen in a competition
organized by sculptor Vicente Francisco, and architects Andres
Luna de San Pedro and Tomas Mapua.

Let's discuss a little about tolentino's travels in different countries
before he went to the university of the Philippines and became a professor.
Guillermo E. Tolentino was born on 24 July 1890 in Malolos, Bulacan.
His parents were Isidro Tolentino and Balbina Estrella. Tolentino first
learned how to draw while attending intermediate school in Malolos,
under his teacher, H.A. Bordner. He took up his secondary studies at the
Manila High School, then pursued a degree in fine arts in 1915 at the
University of the Philippines. In 1919, Tolentino went to the United States
to pursue further studies, as he had received a scholarship grant from
Bernard Baruch of New York University's Beaux School of Arts. He
graduated from New York University with honors in 1921. That same
year, Tolentino traveled to Europe to visit the worked renowned museums
and art galleries in London and Paris. He then went to study in Regge
Istituto di Belle Arti in 1922. It was in Rome that Tolentino had his first
solo-artist exhibition. He also won second prize in an art competition for
his composition Apat na Mangangabayong Apokalipsis (Four Horsemen
of the Apocalypse). He returned to the Philippines in 1924, and became a
professor at the University of the Philippines' School of Fine Arts in 1926.
Later, he would be appointed as the school's secretary. In 1932, Tolentino
married Paz Raymundo. They had a family of seven children. From 1953
to 1955 Tolentino also served as the School of Arts' director. He
retired in 1955 as professor emeritus. In 1973, Tolentino was
named National Artist for Visual Arts for his works in the field

of sculpture. He died in 1976.He created the UP statue which is the
oblation. The Oblation, created by Guillermo Tolentino inspired from the
second stanza of Rizal's “Mi Ultimo Adios,” was first erected on the old
Padre Faura campus at the dedication ceremonies held on the National
Heroes' Day in 1935. Tolentino used concrete to create the statue but it
was painted to look like bronze. The statue's model was Anastacio Caedo,
his assistant, whose physique was combined with the proportion of
Virgilio Raymundo, his brother-in-law. The balance of the sculpture is
stable enough to stand firmly. It suggests tension and relaxation for
balancing the muscular adjustments. In this sculpture, the artist combined
the horizontal and vertical lines to achieve the quality of being stable and
solid and or not easily moved. The form he did has geometric shapes and
forms, depth, width and height. The foot of the figure, symbolizes the
heroism of the Filipino people.

The Oblation is a concrete statue which serves as the iconic symbol
of the University of the Philippines. It depicts a man facing upward with
arms outstretched, symbolizing selfless offering of oneself to his country.
Wherever it is to be found, the Oblation remains a symbol of strength,
resilience and freedom of thought for UP and its graduates. According to

UP's Visual Identity Guide, the Oblation is a figure that demands
respect in terms of use and visibility. I think it symbolizes the life
of Guillermo Tolentin

History of Arts

(Prehistoric to Egyptian Arts)

Cave of Lascaux 15,000 - 10,000 BCE

Stone Age The numerous paintings and engravings found in
caves and shelters dating back to the Ice Age (Upper
Paleolithic), roughly between 40,000 and 14,000 years ago.

Venus of Willendorf

Venus figurine dating to 28,000–25,000 BCE found in Willendorf,
Austria; in the Natural History Museum, Vienna. It has been suggested
that she is a fertility figure, a good-luck totem, a mother goddess symbol,
or an aphrodisiac made by men for the appreciation of men.

Venus of Brassempouy
The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in one of the

caves in 1894, together with eight other human figures in
fragments. These finds may represent unfinished works as if the
artist or artists were carving several figurines at the same time.
They represent some of the earliest works of prehistoric art.

River Civilization
In Babilonia, known for the Tower of Babel, was erected the
ziggurat, a tower – like sculpture which strive to reach the skies.
Sculpture was generally associated with the religious function.

Pyramid of Giza Egyptian Art 3,000 – 300 BCE Loxur Temple

The great pyramids of The art of ancient Egypt was closely knit It is in the ancient
the kings, especially that of with religion and at its very core is a profound Egyptian temples that the
King Khufu or Cheops were preoccupation with death and immortality. The visual arts – painting,
the highest point of pyramid basic religious sculpture was the Book of the sculpture and architecture –
construction. Dead with its funeral prayers and rituals. found fullest expression.

GREEK The Archaic Period
(800-600 BC)
ART
In this period, the arts showed
The Classical or Hellenic Period the influence of earlier civilizations
(500 BC) such as the Mesopotamia and Egypt,
in their linear and geometric tendency
This period marks the highest point and stylized forms.
in the ancient Greek civilization. It is also
known as the Golden Age of Athens or The Hellenistic Period
the Age of Pericles, the great statesmen. (400 – 100 BC)

The term “hellenistic” refers to the period dafter the

5th century BC when the Greek culture intermingled with

Oriental influences and, with the political instability that
time, gave rise to a new set of “aesthetic ideals”.

Painting Scuplture

Painting was largely confined to Two outstanding sculptures were Praxiteles

pottery, which was first in a highly and Lysippos.

stylized, geometric style, which later Praxiteles did the statue of Hermes, the

developed into vases. infant Dionysious and several Apollos. Lysippos’

The painters, Zeuxis, Parrhasius masterpiece is the Apoxyomenos, the figure of an

and Apollodorus gained legendary athlete scraping his body after the game.

renown for their naturalistic paintings.

Roman Art to Late 18th Century

Roman Civilization Art

It defined as sculptures, paintings, and mosaics which depict not
only mythological and religious themes but also everyday life and
people. tended to be realistic and direct. Art was more widely
produced and more easily available than ever before.

Byzantine Art

It refers to the Eastern branch of the Roman Empire. The
classical and Asian artistic traditions merge in Byzantine art. The
artworks are characterized by the Asian two dimensional or flat
style, with emphasis on clarity of line and sharpness of outline.

Middle Ages Art

Middle Ages and are often considered to be part of the beginning of the
Renaissance. was religious art with Catholic subjects and themes.

Gothic Art

The Gothic architecture is characterized by high,
pointed spires striving upwards to the sky as a symbol and
expression of faith.

Romanesque Art
“Romanesque” means “in the likeness of Rome” In the

literature, an epic entitled Beowulf told of a Teutonic hero’s fight with
a man-eating creature.

Reneissance Art

In the history of art, the Reinassance period is one of the highest
moments of civilization. “Renaissance” is a French word which means
“rebirth.” Man began to discover himself as a complete human being
with faculties of thought, feeling, and imagination.

Neo-Classical Art

Neoclassicism in the arts is an aesthetic attitude
based on the art of Greece and Rome in antiquity, which
invokes harmony, clarity, restraint, universality, and
idealism.

ROMANTICISM
Late 19th Century Painting

Painting

Romanticism as an artistic style followed the
French Revolution. It stressed the individual freedom of
the artist and his subjective reaction to the world around
him---to nature, people, and events. The painter worked
quickly, his freer and looser brush strokes giving
evidence of the process of artistic creation.

Romanticist Painters and their Artworks

Liberty Guiding the People Bonaparte at Arcole Officers of the Chasseurs
by Eugene Delacroix by Gros Charging
by Gericault

The Nightmare The Family of Charles IV Hadleigh Castle
by Fuseli by Francisco Goya by Constable

The Burning of the Houses of Parliament
by Turner

Music

Romantic composers freed music
from the restrains of the classical form.

Frederick Chopin deviated from
classical sonata and created in free forms
such as noctures, ballades, preludes, and
etudes. In his music, emotions triumphed
over intellect. In Germany, Richard
Strauss (Thus Spake Zaratinsa) and
Wagner (The Ring of the Nibelungs)
were the foremost romantic composers.

Realism

The realists renounced once and for all the traditional
subjects of art, especially the gods and goddesses of classical
mythology.

Artist derived their subjects from the working people and
to show them as they are in their daily activities without
idealizing them.

Art Nouvean

A reaction to industrialization and to the machine gave rise to a
new style which became known as art nouvean.

Plant motifs proliferated in this style characterized by a
sinuous, undulating line transforming itself into tendrils, stems,
leaves, and petals, or further metamorphosing into woman's hair,
waves, or strange animal forms.

Symbolism

The rise of the theory “art for art's sake;”
which placed the importance of form or the
formal aesthetic elements over meaning and
content.

The trend began with Baudelaire, whose
poetry often contained the theme moral decay
(The Flowers of Evil) or invited one to escape to
primitive islands untouched by civilization.

DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY

This neoclassical styled, four storied H-shaped building
faces the Taft Avenue and is currently the campus of De La Salle
College. It was built between 1920 and 1924 by Tomas Mapua,
who was the winner of the architectural competition for building
an iconic structure for 5,000 pesos. This outstanding structure is
the epitome of institutional architecture in the Philippines, mainly
because of its classical ornaments such
as its white-washed walls and spacious
halls. The St. La Salle embodies the
spirit of not just of the green and white,
but also embodies the triumph of Catholic education in the

Philippines. The interior quadrangle is similarly ordered but
stripped to basic flat elements without benefit of pediment
and entablature. A later addition of an exterior green metal
slope-roof walkway wraps the ground level on the

quadrangle side. The
ground floor interior
offsets Corinthian
grandeur with the
geometric simplicity
of Tuscan columns and a square coffered ceiling. The Corinthian
column is an architectural element in the University that
represents a hundred years of education. On its facade, the pillars
at the Br. Andrew Gonzalez Hall are a metaphor for education
that nurtures and inspires young men and women who pass
through its halls. The Br. Andrew Gonzalez Hall is also home to
the College of Education, distinguished to have been renamed Br.
Andrew Gonzalez FSC College of Education (BAGCED) in
honor of Br. Andrew Gonzalez, FSC. On 31 May 2013, amidst
the revelry at the closing of DLSU’s Centennial Jubilee, a small
community of Br. Andrew’s family, colleagues, friends, faculty
and alumni gathered at the lobby of the Br. Andrew Gonzalez Hall
to commemorate the renaming of the college to an
illustrious alumnus, a skillful, passionate and charismatic
leader, and a gentle mentor whose vision and hard work
make himself a true icon of education.

MANILA CATHEDRAL CHURCH

Manila Cathedral Church is recognized as
the main Roman Catholic Church in the
Philippines. Manila Cathedral, also called the
Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica, has been
a venue for papal Masses in the country, with
Blessed Paul VI in 1970 and St John Paul II in
1981 saying their Masses. It is located at Plaza de
Roma in Intramuros, Manila, and its current rector is Monsignor Nestor
Cerbo. The cathedral serves both as the Prime Basilica of the Philippines
and the highest seat of the archbishop in the country. It's the final resting

place for former prelates who have served the Archdiocese of
Manila and was also used as a venue for requiem mass for former
President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino. The architectural
of Manila Cathedral Church is Romanesque Revival this is a

style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century inspired by
the 11th- and 12th-century Romanesque architecture. Unlike the historic
Romanesque style, Romanesque Revival buildings tended to feature more
simplified arches and windows than their historic counterparts. It features
a magnificent cupola, stained glass windows and mosaics, and restored
walls from the earlier cathedral destroyed in 1945.

The Cathedral was initially built as a simple parish in Manila in 1571
by Juan de Vivero, a secular priest, and was dedicated to Our Lady of the
Immaculate Conception. From 1581 to 1958, Manila Cathedral was
reconstructed several times due to destruction caused by war, fires,
typhoons and earthquakes. In 1751, architect Juan de Uguccioni led the
reconstruction of the cathedral into a baroques inspired architecture. The
church had broad oval naves and large-scale ceiling frescoes. However,
the 1852 earthquake destroyed parts of the cathedral and structurally
weakened the other parts. In 2012, the Basilica was closed under the
orders of Archbishop Gaudencio Cardinal Rosales for another major
repair. The renovation, which was completed in 2014, upgraded facilities
with LED lighting, sound systems which are digitally operated, and a
structural foundation which are carbon-retrofitted.

Manila Cathedral also holds religious artworks and sacred
relics of popes and saints, and serves as resting place for the
remains of former archbishops in Manila.

Value Activity

Scribble Art

“FORGIVEN”

When I did this scribble, I felt a little angry, so the yellow color in
the middle became a piercing shape with red circle on its middle. I gave
it the title “forgiven”, I noticed in my scribble that it seemed to be
forgiven, I first drew the red circle in the middle followed by the piercing
yellow. I created a little heart at the top, and if you notice that I have
formed so many hearts at the ends. There are lines that are light to look at
that for me show a person’s softness of heart. I painted it red because of a
little anger and love at the same time, green for growth, freshness and
hope, yellow for joy and hospitality, and lastly, blue for
forgiveness and peace.

DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY

This neoclassical styled, four storied H-shaped building faces the
Taft Avenue and is currently the campus of De La Salle College. It was
built between 1920 and 1924 by Tomas Mapua, who was the winner of
the architectural competition for building an iconic structure for 5,000
pesos. This outstanding structure is the epitome of institutional
architecture in the Philippines, mainly because of its classical ornaments
such as its white-washed walls and spacious halls. The St. La Salle
embodies the spirit of not just of the green
and white, but also embodies the triumph of
Catholic education in the Philippines. The
interior quadrangle is similarly ordered but
stripped to basic flat elements without

benefit of pediment and entablature. A later addition of an exterior
green metal slope-roof walkway wraps the ground level on the

quadrangle side.

The ground floor

interior offsets

Corinthian grandeur

with the geometric

simplicity of Tuscan columns and a square coffered ceiling. The

Corinthian column is an architectural element in the University

that represents a hundred years of education. On its facade, the

pillars at the Br. Andrew Gonzalez Hall are a metaphor for

education that nurtures and inspires young men and women who

pass through its halls. The Br. Andrew Gonzalez Hall is also

home to the College of Education, distinguished to have been

renamed Br. Andrew Gonzalez FSC College of Education

(BAGCED) in honor of Br. Andrew Gonzalez, FSC. On 31 May
2013, amidst the revelry at the closing of DLSU’s Centennial
Jubilee, a small community of Br. Andrew’s family, colleagues,

friends, faculty and alumni gathered at the lobby of the Br.

Andrew Gonzalez Hall to commemorate the renaming of

the college to an illustrious alumnus, a skillful, passionate

and charismatic leader, and a gentle mentor whose vision

and hard work make himself a true icon of education.

Thank You!

Art Appreciation

Rigua, Josa Kate
BSA L1-A