สาระการเรียนรู้แกนกลาง กลุ่มสาระการเรียนภาษาต่างประเทศ (ฉบับสมบูรณ์)

µ—«™È«’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

°≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿Ÿâ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢È—πæπ◊È ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ ÚııÒ

 ”π—°«™‘ “°“√·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√»°÷ …“
 ”π—°ß“π§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π
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§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢π—È æπÈ◊ ∞“π ‚¥¬ ”π—°ß“π§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢Èπ— æÈ◊π∞“𠉥¥â ”‡ππ‘ °“√
∑∫∑«πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√°“√»÷°…“¢È—πæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚıÙÙ ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤𓉪 ŸàÀ≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“
¢È—πæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚııÒ ‚¥¬π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑Ë’‰¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬¥—ß°≈à“« ·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°·ºπæ—≤π“
‡»√…∞°‘®·≈– —ߧ¡·Ààß™“µ‘ ©∫—∫∑Ë’ Ò (æ.». Úıı-ÚııÙ) ¡“„™â„π°“√æ—≤π“À≈—° Ÿµ√
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‰ª Ÿà°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π√–¥—∫‡¢µæÈ◊π∑’Ë°“√»÷°…“·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“ æ√âÕ¡∑ȗ߉¥â®—¥∑” “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß
¢Õß°≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟠¯ °≈ÿà¡ “√– „π·µ≈à –√–¥—∫™—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇢µæ◊πÈ ∑’Ë°“√»°÷ …“ Àπ૬ߓπ√–¥—∫∑Õâ ß∂Ëπ‘
·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“∑Ë’®—¥°“√»÷°…“¢È—πæ◊Èπ∞“𠉥â𔉪„™â‡ªìπ°√Õ∫·≈–∑‘»∑“ß„π°“√æ—≤π“À≈—° Ÿµ√
·≈–®—¥°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ ‚¥¬®—¥∑”‡ªìπ ¯ ‡≈à¡ ¥ß— π’È

Ò. µ—«™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“‰∑¬
Ú. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ§≥µ‘ »“ µ√å
Û. µ—«™«È’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ߢÕß°≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â«Ÿ ∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å
Ù. µ—«™È’«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ —ߧ¡»÷°…“ »“ π“
·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡
ı. µ—«™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ ¢ÿ »°÷ …“·≈–æ≈»÷°…“
ˆ. µ«— ™’«È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√»âŸ ≈‘ ª–
˜. µ«— ™«’È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ߢÕß°≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ°â “√ß“πÕ“™æ’ ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’
¯. µ«— ™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â¿Ÿ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
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√«¡∑ßÈ— ¿“§‡Õ°™π ª√–™“™π∑ÿ° “¢“Õ“™’æ µ≈Õ¥®πæÕà ·¡à ºŸªâ °§√Õß ·≈–π—°‡√¬’ π ´ß÷Ë ™à«¬„π°“√®¥— ∑”
‡Õ° “√¥—ß°≈à“« „À¡â §’ «“¡ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ”À√—∫°“√®¥— °“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ„π·µà≈–√–¥∫— ™—πÈ  “¡“√∂
æ—≤π“ºŸâ‡√’¬π„Àâ¡’§ÿ≥¿“浓¡¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–µ—«™È’«—¥∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“
¢πÈ— æπÈ◊ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚııÒ

(§ÿ≥À≠‘ß°…¡“ «√«√√≥ ≥ Õ¬ÿ∏¬“)
‡≈¢“∏°‘ “√§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»°÷ …“¢È—πæÈ◊π∞“π

 “√∫≠—

§”π” Àπâ“
∑”‰¡µÕâ ߇√¬’ π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
‡√¬’ π√ÕŸâ –‰√„π¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» Ò
 “√–·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ Ò
§≥ÿ ¿“溇⟠√’¬π Ú
µ—«™È’«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û
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 “√–∑’Ë Ú ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ıˆ
 “√–∑’Ë Û ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏°å —∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√ÕŸâ Ë◊π ˆ˜
 “√–∑Ë’ Ù ¿“…“°∫— §«“¡ ¡— æπ— ∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈° ˆ˘
Õ¿∏‘ “π»—æ∑å ˜ı
§≥–º®âŸ ¥— ∑” ˜˜

°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

∑”‰¡µÕâ ߇√¬’ π¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

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∑“ß«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕß —ߧ¡‚≈° π”¡“´Ë÷ß¡‘µ√‰¡µ√’·≈–§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ°—∫ª√–‡∑»µà“ß Ê
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«—≤π∏√√¡ ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ª√–‡æ≥’ °“√§‘¥  —ߧ¡ ‡»√…∞°‘® °“√‡¡◊Õß °“√ª°§√Õß ¡’‡®µ§µ‘∑’Ë¥’µàÕ
°“√„™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ·≈–„™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡æ◊ÕË °“√ ÕË◊  “√‰¥â √«¡∑—È߇¢â“∂÷ßÕߧ§å «“¡√ⵟ “à ß Ê ‰¥ßâ “à ¬
·≈–°«â“ߢπÈ÷ ·≈–¡«’ ‘ ¬— ∑»— π„å π°“√¥”‡ππ‘ ™«’ µ‘

¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»∑‡’Ë ªπì  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√æŸâ πÈ◊ ∞“π´ß÷Ë °”Àπ¥„À‡â √¬’ πµ≈Õ¥À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“
¢Èπ— æπÈ◊ ∞“π §◊Õ ¿“…“Õß— °ƒ…  «à π¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»Õπ◊Ë ‡™πà ¿“…“Ω√ßË— ‡»  ‡¬Õ√¡π— ®’π ≠’˪πÉÿ Õ“À√∫— ∫“≈’
·≈–¿“…“°≈ÿࡪ√–‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π À√◊Õ¿“…“ÕË◊π Ê „ÀâÕ¬àŸ„π¥ÿ≈¬æ‘π‘®¢Õß ∂“π»÷°…“∑’Ë®–®—¥∑”√“¬«‘™“
·≈–®¥— °“√‡√¬’ π√µŸâ “¡§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡

‡√¬’ π√Õ⟠–‰√„π¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

°≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿Ÿâ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»¡ßàÿ À«ß— „Àºâ ‡Ÿâ √¬’ π¡‡’ ®µ§µ∑‘ ¥’Ë µ’ Õà ¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» “¡“√∂
„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»  Ë◊Õ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê · «ßÀ“§«“¡√⟠ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ·≈–»÷°…“µàÕ„π√–¥—∫
∑Ë’ Ÿß¢È÷π √«¡∑—Èß¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡‡¢â“„®„π‡√Ë◊Õß√“«·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡Õ—πÀ≈“°À≈“¬¢Õߪ√–™“§¡‚≈°
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¥ß— π’È

µ«— ™È«’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 1

✧ ¿“…“‡æËÕ◊ °“√ Õ◊Ë  “√ °“√„™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√øíß-查-Õ“à π-‡¢’¬π ·≈°‡ª≈Ë’¬π¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ
¢à“« “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√⟠÷°·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ µ’§«“¡ 𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ §«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ
„π‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê ·≈– √“â ߧ«“¡ ¡— æπ— ∏√å –À«“à ß∫§ÿ §≈Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡

✧ ¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡ °“√„™¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»µ“¡«≤— π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®“â ¢Õß¿“…“ §«“¡ ¡— æπ— ∏å
§«“¡‡À¡Õ◊ π ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µ“à ß√–À«“à ß¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®“â ¢Õß¿“…“°∫— ¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡‰∑¬
·≈–𔉪„™âÕ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡

✧ ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕË◊π °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√‡™Ë◊Õ¡‚¬ß
§«“¡√⟰∫— °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Õ⟠◊πË ‡ªìπæ◊πÈ ∞“π„π°“√æ—≤π“ · «ßÀ“§«“¡√⟠·≈–‡ªî¥‚≈°∑—»πå¢Õßµπ

✧ ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈° °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê
∑ß—È „πÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π·≈–πÕ°ÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π ™¡ÿ ™π ·≈– ß— §¡‚≈° ‡ªπì ‡§√ÕË◊ ß¡Õ◊ æπ◊È ∞“π„π°“√»°÷ …“µÕà ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™æ’
·≈–·≈°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π‡√¬’ π√⟰—∫ —ߧ¡‚≈°

 “√–·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

 “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æÕË◊ °“√ ËÕ◊  “√
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ò ‡¢â“„®·≈–µ’§«“¡‡√Ë◊Õß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° Ë◊Õª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ

Õ¬à“ß¡‡’ Àµºÿ ≈
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ú ¡’∑—°…–°“√ Ë◊Õ “√∑“ß¿“…“„π°“√·≈°‡ª≈Ë’¬π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√⟠÷°

·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπÕ¬“à ß¡ª’ √– ‘∑∏¿‘ “æ
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Û π”‡ πÕ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ¢“à « “√ §«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ „π‡√Õ◊Ë ßµ“à ß Ê ‚¥¬°“√楟

·≈–°“√‡¢¬’ π

2 µ—«™È«’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

 “√–∑Ë’ Ú ¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ú.Ò ‡¢â“„®§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß¿“…“°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ·≈–𔉪„™â

‰¥Õâ ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡°∫— °“≈‡∑»–
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ú.Ú ‡¢â“„®§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“

°—∫¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡‰∑¬ ·≈–π”¡“„™âÕ¬à“ß∂°Ÿ µâÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡

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¡“µ√∞“π µ Û.Ò „™¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√‡™Ë◊Õ¡‚¬ß§«“¡√°âŸ ∫— °≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ·≈–‡ªπì æπ◊È ∞“π

„π°“√æ—≤π“ · «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–‡ªî¥‚≈°∑—»πå¢Õßµπ

 “√–∑’Ë Ù ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ ¡— æπ— ∏°å ∫— ™¡ÿ ™π·≈–‚≈°
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ù.Ò „™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π ∂“π°“√≥嵓à ß Ê ∑—Èß„π ∂“π»÷°…“ ™¡ÿ ™π ·≈– —ߧ¡
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ù.Ú „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊ÕæÈ◊π∞“π„π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ

·≈–°“√·≈°‡ª≈¬’Ë π‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°∫—  —ߧ¡‚≈°

§≥ÿ ¿“溇Ÿâ √¬’ π

®∫™—Èπª√–∂¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ Û
✧ ªØ∫‘ µ— µ‘ “¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√Õâ ß∑ø’Ë ßí Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ—«Õ°— …√ §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ß“à ¬ Ê ·≈–
∫∑楟 ‡¢“⠮ߗ À«–ß“à ¬ Ê ∂°Ÿ µÕâ ßµ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ∫Õ°§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”·≈–°≈¡ÿà §”∑øË’ ßí µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬
µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“πª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“À√◊Õπ∑‘ “πß“à ¬ Ê
✧ 查‚µâµÕ∫¥â«¬§” È—π Ê ßà“¬ Ê „π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈µ“¡·∫∫∑’Ëøíß „™â§” Ë—ß·≈–
§”¢Õ√âÕßßà“¬ Ê ∫Õ°§«“¡µâÕß°“√ßà“¬ Ê ¢Õßµπ‡Õß æŸ¥¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–‡æ◊ËÕπ
∫Õ°§«“¡√ âŸ °÷ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°¬Ë’ «°∫—  ‘ßË µà“ß Ê „°≈µâ —«À√◊Õ°®‘ °√√¡µà“ß Ê µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ íß

µ«— ™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿Ÿâ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 3

✧ 查„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–‡√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—« ®—¥À¡«¥À¡Ÿà§”µ“¡ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈  —µ«å
·≈– Ë‘ߢÕßµ“¡∑Ëø’ ßí À√◊ÕÕ“à π

✧ 查·≈–∑”∑à“ª√–°Õ∫µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡/«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ∫Õ°™Ë◊Õ·≈–
§”»—æ∑åßà“¬ Ê ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬àŸ¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡
°®‘ °√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡∑’‡Ë À¡“–°—∫«—¬

✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕ߇ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√ §” °≈ÿࡧ” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê ¢Õß¿“…“
µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬

✧ ∫Õ°§”»æ— ∑å∑’ˇ°¬Ë’ «¢âÕß°—∫°≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√ÕŸâ Ëπ◊
✧ øíß/楟 „π ∂“π°“√≥åß“à ¬ Ê ∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ ¢÷πÈ „πÀÕâ ߇√’¬π
✧ „™¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ√«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑Ë’‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß„°≈µâ —«
✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√Ë◊Õ߇°Ë’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß
§√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√’¬π  Ëß‘ ·«¥≈Õâ ¡„°≈µâ —« Õ“À“√ ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߥ◊¡Ë ·≈–‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑å
ª√–¡“≥ Û-Ùı §” (§”»æ— ∑å∑’ˇªπì √Ÿª∏√√¡)
✧ „™âª√–‚¬§§”‡¥’¬« (One Word Sentence) ª√–‚¬§‡¥Ë’¬« (Simple Sentence)
„π°“√ π∑π“‚µâµÕ∫µ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥„å π™«’ ‘µª√–®”«—π

®∫™È—πª√–∂¡»÷°…“ª∑ï Ë’ ˆ
✧ ªØ∫‘ µ— µ‘ “¡§” ß—Ë §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ·≈–§”·π–π”∑ø’Ë ßí ·≈–Õ“à π Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߪ√–‚¬§ ¢Õâ §«“¡ π∑‘ “π
·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ È—π Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß
 —≠≈—°…≥åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑Ë’Õà“π ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“
π‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√Õ◊Ë ß‡≈“à
✧ 查/‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ „™â§” Ë—ß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ ·≈–
„À⧔·π–π” 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ
„π ∂“π°“√≥ßå à“¬ Ê æ¥Ÿ ·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æÕ◊Ë ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë¬’ «°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊ÕË π §√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–‡√Ë◊Õß„°≈µâ —«
查/‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡√⟠÷°‡°Ë’¬«°∫— ‡√Õ◊Ë ßµ“à ß Ê „°≈âµ—« °®‘ °√√¡µà“ß Ê æ√Õâ ¡∑—ßÈ „Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ —πÈ Ê ª√–°Õ∫

4 µ—«™«’È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

✧ 楟 /‡¢¬’ π„À¢â Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬’Ë «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡æÕË◊ π ·≈– ßË‘ ·«¥≈Õâ ¡„°≈µâ «— ‡¢¬’ π¿“æ ·ºπºß— ·ºπ¿¡Ÿ ‘
·≈–µ“√“ß· ¥ß¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈µ“à ß Ê ∑’øË íß·≈–Õ“à π 楟 /‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫‡√Õ◊Ë ßµà“ß Ê „°≈⵫—

✧ „™â∂âÕ¬§” πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“ßÕ¬à“ß ÿ¿“æ ‡À¡“– ¡ µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈–
«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë’¬«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß/™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õß
‡®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√«à ¡°®‘ °√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„®

✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡À¡Õ◊ π/§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«“à ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߪ√–‚¬§™π¥‘ µà“ß Ê °“√„™‡â §√ÕË◊ ßÀ¡“¬
«√√§µÕπ ·≈–°“√≈”¥—∫§”µ“¡‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫
§«“¡‡À¡Õ◊ π/§«“¡·µ°µ“à ß√–À«à“߇∑»°“≈ ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®“â ¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬

✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑Ë’‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√⟷≈–
𔇠πÕ¥«â ¬°“√查/°“√‡¢¬’ π

✧ „™¿â “…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥嵓à ß Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷πÈ „πÀâÕ߇√’¬π·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“
✧ „™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ·≈–√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê
✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øßí -查-Õ“à π-‡¢¬’ π)  ËÕ◊  “√µ“¡À—«‡√Ë◊Õ߇°¬Ë’ «°∫—
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√
°“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ·≈–≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡
·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
✧ „™ªâ √–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ«·≈–ª√–‚¬§º ¡ (Compound Sentence)  ËÕ◊ §«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑µà“ß Ê

®∫™—Èπ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë Û
✧ ªØ‘∫µ— µ‘ “¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™’·È ®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬∑ø’Ë ßí ·≈–Õ“à π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߢÕâ §«“¡
¢“à « ‚¶…≥“ π∑‘ “π ·≈–∫∑√Õâ ¬°√Õß πÈ— Ê ∂°Ÿ µÕâ ßµ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π √–∫/ÿ ‡¢¬’ π Õ◊Ë ∑‰Ë’ ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß√ªŸ ·∫∫
µà“ß Ê  —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿÀ—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥
 π—∫ πÿπ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√Ë◊Õß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° Ë◊Õª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑È—ß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈
·≈–¬°µ«— Õ¬“à ߪ√–°Õ∫

µ—«™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 5

✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√Ë◊Õßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«  ∂“π°“√≥å ¢à“«
‡√Ë◊Õß∑Õ’Ë ¬à„Ÿ 𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– Õ◊Ë  “√Õ¬à“ßµÕà ‡πÕË◊ ß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ „™§â ”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”™·’È ®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏∫‘ “¬
„À⧔·π–π”Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫
·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ æŸ¥·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–
· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°Ë’¬«°—∫‡√Ë◊Õß∑Ë’øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–
§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°¬Ë’ «°∫— ‡√Õ◊Ë ßµ“à ß Ê °®‘ °√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢“à «/‡Àµ°ÿ “√≥å æ√Õâ ¡∑ß—È „À‡â Àµºÿ ≈
ª√–°Õ∫Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡

✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ß Ê
∑Ë’Õ¬àŸ„π§«“¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ 查·≈–‡¢¬’ π √ÿª„®§«“¡ ”§≠— /·°àπ “√– À«— ¢Õâ ‡√◊ËÕß∑ˉ’ ¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå
‡√Ë◊Õß/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’ËÕ¬àŸ„π§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°Ë’¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡
ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√âÕ¡„À‡â Àµºÿ ≈ª√–°Õ∫

✧ ‡≈◊Õ°„™â¿“…“ πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“߇À¡“–°—∫∫ÿ§§≈·≈–‚Õ°“  µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡
·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏‘∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’
¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢“â √«à ¡/®—¥°®‘ °√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„®

✧ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§
™π¥‘ µà“ß Ê ·≈–°“√≈”¥∫— §”µ“¡‚§√ß √“â ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫·≈–
Õ∏∫‘ “¬§«“¡‡À¡Õ◊ π·≈–§«“¡·µ°µ“à ß√–À«“à ß™«’ µ‘ §«“¡‡ªπì Õ¬·Ÿà ≈–«≤— π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®“â ¢Õß¿“…“°∫— ¢Õ߉∑¬
·≈–𔉪„™Õâ ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡

✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈/¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß∑’ˇ°Ë’¬«¢âÕß°—∫°≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ
®“°·À≈ßà °“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ ·≈–𔇠πÕ¥«â ¬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π

✧ „™â¿“…“ Ë◊Õ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑Ë’‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“
™¡ÿ ™π ·≈– ß— §¡

✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ/§âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√âŸ/¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ®“° ◊ËÕ
·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√⟵à“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√
¢Õß‚√߇√¬’ π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈–∑âÕß∂π‘Ë ‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

6 µ—«™«’È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øßí -查-Õ“à π-‡¢’¬π)  ÕË◊  “√µ“¡À—«‡√ÕË◊ ߇°’¬Ë «°—∫
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√’¬π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥˡ◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– « — ¥‘°“√
°“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ« °“√∫√‘°“√  ∂“π∑Ë’ ¿“…“ ·≈–
«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√·å ≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»æ— ∑ªå √–¡“≥ Ú,Ò-Ú,Úı §” (§”»æ— ∑∑å ‡Ë’ ªπì π“¡∏√√¡¡“°¢πÈ÷ )

✧ „™âª√–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´—∫´âÕπ (Complex Sentence)  ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑
µà“ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√

®∫™—πÈ ¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ ˆ
✧ ªØ∫‘ µ— µ‘ “¡§”·π–π”„π§¡Ÿà Õ◊ °“√„™ßâ “πµ“à ß Ê §”™·’È ®ß §”Õ∏∫‘ “¬ ·≈–§”∫√√¬“¬∑øË’ ßí ·≈–Õ“à π
Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ‚¶…≥“ ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑≈–§√ —Èπ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π
Õ∏‘∫“¬·≈–‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ Ë◊Õ∑Ë’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕà“π √«¡∑—Èß√–∫ÿ
·≈–‡¢¬’ π ÕË◊ ∑‰’Ë ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß√ªŸ ·∫∫µ“à ß Ê  ¡— æπ— ∏°å ∫— ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡∑ø’Ë ßí À√Õ◊ Õ“à π ®∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠—
«‡‘ §√“–À§å «“¡  √ªÿ §«“¡ µ§’ «“¡ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ®“°°“√øßí ·≈–Õ“à π‡√ÕË◊ ß∑‡Ë’ ªπì  “√§¥·’ ≈–∫π— ‡∑ß‘ §¥’
æ√âÕ¡∑Èß— „À‡â Àµºÿ ≈·≈–¬°µ«— Õ¬“à ߪ√–°Õ∫
✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢¬’ π‚µµâ Õ∫¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡√ÕË◊ ßµ“à ß Ê „°≈µâ «— ª√– ∫°“√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å
¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ª√–‡¥Áπ∑ÕË’ ¬„àŸ π§«“¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬“à ßµàÕ‡πÕË◊ ß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ‡≈◊Õ°·≈–„™â
§”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”™·’È ®ß §”Õ∏∫‘ “¬ ·≈–„À§â ”·π–π” 楟 ·≈–‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À§â «“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊
µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈ÕßÀ√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
查·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æË◊Õ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°Ë’¬«°—∫
‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπ/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑Ë’øíß·≈–Õà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–
· ¥ß§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°¬’Ë «°∫— ‡√ÕË◊ ßµ“à ß Ê °®‘ °√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢“à «/‡Àµ°ÿ “√≥Õå ¬“à ß¡‡’ Àµºÿ ≈
✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß/ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ‡√Ë◊Õß·≈–
ª√–‡¥πÁ µ“à ß Ê µ“¡§«“¡ π„® 楟 ·≈–‡¢¬’ π √ªÿ „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ·°πà  “√–∑‰’Ë ¥®â “°°“√«‡‘ §√“–À‡å √ÕË◊ ß °®‘ °√√¡
¢à“« ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ·≈– ∂“π°“√≥嵓¡§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡
ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ∑ß—È „π∑Õâ ß∂‘πË  ß— §¡ ·≈–‚≈° æ√Õâ ¡∑È—ß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ«— Õ¬“à ߪ√–°Õ∫

µ«— ™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 7

✧ ‡≈◊Õ°„™â¿“…“ π”È ‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“߇À¡“–°—∫√–¥—∫¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡«≈“ ‚Õ°“ 
·≈– ∂“π∑’˵“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏∫‘ “¬/Õ¿‘ª√“¬«∂‘ ™’ «’ ‘µ §«“¡§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ
·≈–∑’Ë¡“¢Õߢπ∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡ ·π–π” ·≈–®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“
·≈–«≤— π∏√√¡Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡

✧ Õ∏‘∫“¬/‡ª√¬’ ∫‡∑¬’ ∫§«“¡·µ°µ“à ß√–À«à“ß‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡  ”π«π §”æß— ‡æ¬
 ÿ¿“…‘µ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ «‘‡§√“–Àå/Õ¿‘ª√“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–
§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß«‘∂’™’«‘µ §«“¡‡™Ë◊Õ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬ ·≈–𔉪„™â
Õ¬“à ß¡‡’ Àµÿº≈

✧ §πâ §«“â / ∫◊ §âπ ∫—π∑÷°  √ÿª ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑‡’Ë °Ë¬’ «¢Õâ ß°—∫°≈à¡ÿ  “√–
°“√‡√¬’ π√âŸÕπË◊ ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√µâŸ à“ß Ê ·≈–𔇠πÕ¥«â ¬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢¬’ π

✧ „™â¿“…“ Ë◊Õ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“
™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡

✧ „™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ∫◊ §πâ /§πâ §«“â √«∫√«¡ «‘‡§√“–Àå ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√/⟠¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ µà“ß Ê
®“° Ë◊Õ·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈
¢“à « “√¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π ™¡ÿ ™π ·≈–∑Õâ ß∂‘Ëπ/ª√–‡∑»™“µ‘‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

✧ ¡’∑°— …–°“√„™¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õ“à π-‡¢’¬π)  ËÕ◊  “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°Ë’¬«°∫—
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  Ë‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥË◊¡ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–
ππ— ∑π“°“√  ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– «— ¥°‘ “√ °“√´◊ÕÈ -¢“¬ ≈¡ø“Ñ Õ“°“» °“√»°÷ …“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥π‘ ∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ«
°“√∫√°‘ “√  ∂“π∑Ë’ ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√·å ≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑ªå √–¡“≥ Û,ˆ-Û,˜ı §”
(§”»—æ∑å∑’¡Ë ’√–¥∫— °“√„™â·µ°µà“ß°π— )

✧ „™âª√–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´—∫´âÕπ Ë◊Õ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑µà“ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“
∑ß—È ∑‡Ë’ ªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√

8 µ«— ™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

µ«— ™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

 “√–∑Ë’ Ò ¿“…“‡æË◊Õ°“√ ËÕ◊  “√
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ò ‡¢â“„®·≈–µ’§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß∑Ë’øíß·≈–Õà“π®“° Ë◊Õª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ

Õ¬“à ß¡‡’ Àµºÿ ≈

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

ª.Ò Ò. ªØ∫‘ µ— ‘µ“¡§” Ë—ßß“à ¬ Ê ∑’Ëøßí ë §” ß—Ë ∑„’Ë ™„â πÀÕâ ߇√¬’ 𠇙πà Stand up./

Sit down./Listen./Repeat./Quiet!/

Stop! etc.

Ú. √–∫µÿ «— Õ°— …√·≈–‡ ¬’ ß Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ë µ«— Õ°— …√ (letter names) ‡ ¬’ ßµ«— Õ°— …√

·≈– –°¥§”ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µÕâ ßµ“¡À≈—° ·≈– √– (letter sounds) ·≈–

°“√Õ“à π °“√ –°¥§” À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß

‡™àπ

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µπâ §”·≈–

欗≠™π–∑⓬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇ππâ Àπ°— -‡∫“ (stress)

„𧔷≈–°≈ÿࡧ”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µË”

(intonation) „πª√–‚¬§

Û. ‡≈◊Õ°¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ ë §” °≈¡àÿ §” ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°¬Ë’ «°∫—

¢Õߧ”·≈–°≈ÿ¡à §”∑Ë’øíß µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

„°≈µâ «— Õ“À“√ ‡§√ÕË◊ ߥ¡Ë◊ ·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

¿“¬„π«ß§”»æ— ∑ªå √–¡“≥ Òı-Ú §”

(§”»—æ∑å∑Ë’‡ªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)

µ—«™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿Ÿâ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 9

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øßí ‡√◊ËÕß„°≈⵫— ë ∫∑Õ“à π‡°¬’Ë «°∫— ‡√Õ◊Ë ß„°≈µâ «— À√Õ◊ π∑‘ “π

∑’¡Ë ¿’ “æª√–°Õ∫

ë ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫

- Yes/No Question ‡™àπ

Is it a/an..? Yes, it is./

No, it is not. etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™πà

What is it? It is a/an... etc.

ª.Ú Ò. ªØ∫‘ µ— µ‘ “¡§” ßË— ·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ßß“à ¬ Ê ë §” Ëß— ·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑„’Ë ™â„πÀâÕ߇√¬’ π

∑ø’Ë ßí - §” ßË— ‡™πà Show me a/an.../Open

your book. Donût talk in class. etc.

- §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please come here./

Come here, please. Donût make

a loud noise, please./Please donût

make a loud noise. etc.

Ú. √–∫µÿ «— Õ°— …√·≈–‡ ¬’ ß Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߧ” ë µ—«Õ—°…√ ‡ ¬’ ßµ«— Õ—°…√·≈– √–

 –°¥§” ·≈–Õà“πª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê °“√ –°¥§” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ À≈—°°“√

∂°Ÿ µÕâ ßµ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™πà

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µπâ §”

·≈–欗≠™π–∑⓬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡ππâ Àπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈àÿ¡§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µË”

„πª√–‚¬§

10 µ—«™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

Û. ‡≈Õ◊ °¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ” ë §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥Ë¬’ « (simple

°≈ÿ¡à §” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑ø’Ë ßí sentence) ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°¬’Ë «°—∫

µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ßË‘ ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

„°≈µâ «— Õ“À“√ ‡§√ÕË◊ ߥ¡Ë◊ ·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑ å – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Úı-

Û §” (§”»æ— ∑å∑‡Ë’ ªìπ√ªŸ ∏√√¡)

Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíߪ√–‚¬§ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√Õ◊ π∑‘ “π∑¡’Ë ’

∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“πß“à ¬ Ê ∑¡Ë’ ’ ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫

¿“æª√–°Õ∫ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ

Is this/that a/an..?

Yes, it is./No, it isnût. etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™àπ

What is this/that/it?

This/that/It is a/anÇ

How manyÇ?

There is/areÇ

Where is theÇ?

It is in/on/underÇ etc.

ª.Û Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— µ‘ “¡§” Ë—ß·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ß∑øË’ ßí ë §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑Ë’„™„â πÀÕâ ߇√’¬π

À√Õ◊ Õ“à π - §” Ëß— ‡™àπ Give me a/an.../Draw

and color the picture./Put a/an

Çin/on/under a/anÇ/Donût eat

in class. etc.

µ—«™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 11

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

- §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please take a queue./

Take a queue, please./Donût make

a loud noise, please./Please donût

make a loud noise./Can you

help me, please? etc.

Ú. Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߧ”  –°¥§” Õ“à π°≈¡àÿ §” ë §” °≈àÿ¡§” ª√–‚¬§‡¥Ë’¬« ·≈–∫∑查

ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–∫∑楟 ‡¢â“®ß— À«– ‡¢“â ®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§”

(chant) ß“à ¬ Ê ∂°Ÿ µÕâ ßµ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ë °“√„™æâ ®π“πÿ°√¡

ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™àπ

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

欗≠™π–∑⓬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡ÿà §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µË”

„πª√–‚¬§

Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫¿ÿ “æÀ√Õ◊  —≠≈—°…≥å ë °≈¡àÿ §” ª√–‚¬§‡¥¬’Ë «  ≠— ≈°— …≥å ·≈–

µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß°≈àÿ¡§” §«“¡À¡“¬‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—«

·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑ø’Ë ßí ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈Õâ ¡„°≈âµ—« Õ“À“√

‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑å

 – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ûı-Ùı §”

(§”»æ— ∑∑å ’Ë‡ªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)

12 µ—«™«È’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíßÀ√Õ◊ Õà“π ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√Õ◊ π∑‘ “π∑’Ë¡’

ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ∑‘ “πßà“¬ Ê ¿“æª√–°Õ∫

ë ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫

- Yes/No Question ‡™àπ

Is/Are/CanÇ?

Yes,Çis/are/can./

No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.

etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™πà

What is this/that/it?

This/that/It is a/anÇ

How manyÇ?

There is/areÇ

Where is/areÇ?

}It is
in/on/underÇ
They are

etc.

ª.Ù Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈– ë §” ßË— ·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ß∑„Ë’ ™„â πÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π·≈–

§”·π–π” (instructions) ß“à ¬ Ê §”·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ

∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π À√Õ◊ °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥˡ◊

µ—«™«È’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 13

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

- §” ßË— ‡™πà Look at theÇ/here/over

there./Say it again./Read and

draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/anÇ/

Donût go over there. etc.

- §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please take a queue./

Take a queue, please./Can you

help me, please? etc.

- §”·π–π” ‡™πà You should read

everyday./Think before you speak./

- §”»—æ∑å∑’„Ë ™„â π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./

My turn./ Your turn./ Roll the dice./

Count the number./Finish.

- §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢π—È µÕπ First,...

Second,Ç Then,Ç Finally,... etc.

Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߧ”  –°¥§” ë §” °≈¡ÿà §” ª√–‚¬§ ¢Õâ §«“¡ ∫∑楟

Õ“à π°≈à¡ÿ §” ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ß“à ¬ Ê ‡¢“⠮ߗ À«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§”

·≈–∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«–∂°Ÿ µâÕß ë °“√„™æâ ®π“π°ÿ √¡

µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈°— °“√Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßæ¬≠— ™π–µπâ §”·≈–

æ¬≠— ™π–∑⓬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ°— -‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡àÿ §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ß Ÿß-µË”

„πª√–‚¬§

14 µ«— ™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿ¿“æÀ√◊Õ ≠— ≈—°…≥å À√Õ◊ ë °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥Ë¬’ «  —≠≈—°…≥å

‡§√ÕË◊ ßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ ‡§√Ë◊ÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’¬Ë «°∫—

¢Õߪ√–‚¬§·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡ πÈ— Ê ∑’Ëøßí µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ßË‘ ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

À√Õ◊ Õ“à π Õ“À“√ ‡§√ÕË◊ ߥ¡◊Ë ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

 ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√ °“√´Õ◊È -¢“¬ ·≈–

≈¡ø“Ñ Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡

ª√–¡“≥ ıı-˜ §” (§”»æ— ∑∑å ‡’Ë ªπì

√Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øßí ·≈– ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “π∑¡Ë’ ¿’ “æª√–°Õ∫

Õà“πª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈–π‘∑“𠧔∂“¡‡°¬’Ë «°∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ¢Õ߇√ÕË◊ ß

ßà“¬ Ê ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑Ë’‰Àπ

- Yes/No Question ‡™πà

Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./

No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.

Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?

Yes/NoÇ etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™àπ

Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/

They areÇ

WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?

It isÇ/They areÇ

What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.

- Or-Question ‡™àπ

Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?

It is a/anÇ etc.

µ—«™«’È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 15

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

ª.ı Ò. ªØ‘∫—µµ‘ “¡§” —ßË §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ·≈– ë §” Ëß— ·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑„’Ë ™â„πÀâÕ߇√¬’ π

§”·π–π”ßà“¬ Ê ∑øË’ ßí ·≈–Õ“à π ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈–§”·π–π”„π°“√

‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ À√◊Õ°“√

∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√ÕË◊ ߥ¡Ë◊

- §” —ßË ‡™πà Look at theÇ/here/

over there./Say it again./Read

and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/

under a/anÇ/Donût go over

there. etc.

- §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please take a queue./

Take a queue, please./Can/

Could you help me, please? etc.

- §”·π–π” ‡™πà You should read

everyday./ Think before you speak./

- §”»—æ∑å∑„Ë’ ™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./

My turn./Your turn./Roll the

dice./Count the number./Finish./

- §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,Ç

Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç

Finally,Ç etc.

16 µ«— ™’«È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß

Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߪ√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ¢Õâ §«“¡ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ

·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂°Ÿ µÕâ ßµ“¡ ë °“√„™âæ®π“π°ÿ √¡

À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µπâ §”·≈–

欗≠™π–∑“â ¬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡ÿà §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µ”Ë

„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß (linking

sound) „π¢Õâ §«“¡

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«–

Û. √–∫ÿ/«“¥¿“æ  —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ ë °≈¡àÿ §” ª√–‚¬§º ¡ ¢Õâ §«“¡  ≠— ≈°— …≥å

‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß ‡§√ËÕ◊ ßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’¬Ë «°∫—

ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡ π—È Ê∑ø’Ë ßí À√Õ◊ Õ“à π µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

 ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√ °“√´ÕÈ◊ -¢“¬ ·≈–

≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡

ª√–¡“≥ ˜ı-˘ı §” (§”»æ— ∑∑å ‡’Ë ªπì

√Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

µ—«™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿âŸ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 17

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß

Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “π À√Õ◊ ‡√ËÕ◊ ß —Èπ Ê

®“°°“√øßí ·≈–Õ“à π∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈– §”∂“¡‡°Ë¬’ «°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§≠— ¢Õ߇√ÕË◊ ß

π‘∑“πß“à ¬ Ê À√Õ◊ ‡√◊ÕË ß π—È Ê ‡™πà „§√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑‰’Ë Àπ ‡¡◊ÕË ‰√

- Yes/No Question ‡™πà

Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./

No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.

Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?

Yes/NoÇ etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™πà

Who is/areÇ?

He/She isÇ/They areÇ

WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?

It is Ç/They areÇ

What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.

- Or-Question ‡™àπ

Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?

It is a/anÇ etc.

ª.ˆ Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— µ‘ “¡§” ß—Ë §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ·≈– ë §” Ë—ß §”¢Õ√âÕß ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈–

§”·π–π”∑øË’ ßí ·≈–Õà“𠧔·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ

°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√ËÕ◊ ߥ¡Ë◊ ·≈–

°“√ª√–¥‘…∞å

- §” —Ëß ‡™πà Look at theÇ/here/

over there./Say it again./Read

and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/

under a/anÇ/Donût go over

there. etc.

18 µ«— ™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

Ú. Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢Õâ §«“¡ π‘∑“π - §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please look up the
·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ È—π Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡ meaning in a dictionary./Look up
À≈°— °“√Õ“à π the meaning in a dictionary,
please./Can/Could you help me,
please? etc.

- §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read
everyday./Think before you speak./

- §”»æ— ∑å∑„Ë’ ™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./
My turn./ Your turn./Roll the dice./
Count the number./Finish./

- §”∫Õ°≈”¥∫— ¢πÈ— µÕπ First,Ç
Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç
Finally,Ç etc.

ë ¢Õâ §«“¡ π∑‘ “π ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ
ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
ë À≈°— °“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™πà

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–
欗≠™π–∑⓬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇πâπÀπ°— -‡∫“„π§”
·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µË”
„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇™Ë◊Õ¡‚¬ß (linking
sound) „π¢Õâ §«“¡

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«–

µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â¿Ÿ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 19

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß

Û. ‡≈Õ◊ °/√–∫ªÿ √–‚¬§ À√Õ◊ ¢Õâ §«“¡ πÈ— Ê ë ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢Õâ §«“¡  ≠— ≈°— …≥å

µ√ßµ“¡¿“æ  ≠— ≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°¬’Ë «°∫—

‡§√Ë◊ÕßÀ¡“¬∑’ËÕà“π µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡◊Ë ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

 ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√ °“√´ÕÈ◊ -¢“¬ ·≈–

≈¡ø“Ñ Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑ å – ¡

ª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §”

(§”»æ— ∑∑å ‡Ë’ ªπì √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “π À√Õ◊ ‡√ÕË◊ ߇≈“à

®“°°“√øßí ·≈–Õ“à π∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “𠧔∂“¡‡°¬’Ë «°∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ¢Õ߇√ÕË◊ ß

ßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√Õ◊Ë ß‡≈à“ ‡™πà „§√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑‰Ë’ Àπ ‡¡ÕË◊ ‰√ Õ¬“à ߉√

∑”‰¡

- Yes/No Question ‡™πà

Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./

No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.

Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?

Yes/NoÇ etc.

- Wh-Question ‡™àπ

Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/

They areÇ

WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?

It is Ç/They areÇ

What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.

20 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

- Or-Question ‡™πà

Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?

It is a/anÇ

Is/Are/Was/Were/DidÇorÇ? etc.

¡.Ò Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— ‘µ“¡§” Ëß— §”¢Õ√âÕß ë §” ßË— §”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™·È’ ®ß

§”·π–π” ·≈–§”™’È·®ßßà“¬ Ê „π°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ °“√ª√–¥…‘ ∞å

∑’Ëøßí ·≈–Õ“à π °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“ °“√∫Õ°∑»‘ ∑“ß

ª“Ñ ¬ª√–°“»µ“à ß Ê À√Õ◊ °“√„™Õâ ªÿ °√≥å

- §” ßË— ‡™πà Look at theÇ/here/over

there./Say it again./Read and

draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/

anÇ/Go to the window and open

it./Take out the book, open on

page 17 and read it./Donût go

over there./Donût be late. etc.

- §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ‡™πà Please look up the

meaning in a dictionary./Look up

the meaning in a dictionary,

please./Can/Could you help me,

please?/Excuse me, could you Ç?

etc.

µ«— ™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿Ÿâ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 21

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

- §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read

everyday./Think before you speak./

- §”»—æ∑∑å „Ë’ ™„â π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./

My turn./Your turn./Roll the dice./

Count the number./Finish. etc.

- §” π— ∏“π (conjunction) ‡™πà and/

but/or

- µ«— ‡™Ë◊Õ¡ (connective words) ‡™πà

First,Ç Second,ÇThird,Ç Next,Ç

Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc.

Ú. Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈– ë ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß

∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß (poem)  —πÈ Ê ∂°Ÿ µâÕß ë °“√„™âæ®π“π°ÿ √¡

µ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ë À≈°— °“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™πà

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

欗≠™π–∑“â ¬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇ππâ Àπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡àÿ §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µË”

„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π

- °“√Õ“à π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®—ßÀ«–

22 µ«— ™È’«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

Û. ‡≈Õ◊ °/√–∫ªÿ √–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢Õâ §«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬
„À â —¡æ—π∏å°∫—  Õ◊Ë ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√¬’ ß ‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π
(non-text information) ∑ÕË’ “à π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß
·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√  ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√
°“√´ÕÈ◊ -¢“¬ ≈¡ø“Ñ Õ“°“» °“√»°÷ …“·≈–
Õ“™æ’ °“√‡¥π‘ ∑“ß∑Õà ߇∑¬Ë’ « °“√∫√°‘ “√
 ∂“π∑Ë’ ¿“…“ ·≈–«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å·≈–
‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑ å – ¡ª√–¡“≥
Ò,Ù-Ò,ıı §” (§”»—æ∑∑å ’Ë‡ªπì
√ªŸ ∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

ë °“√µ§’ «“¡/∂“à ¬‚Õπ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ „À â ¡— æπ— ∏°å ∫—
 ◊ËÕ∑’‰Ë ¡à„™§à «“¡‡√’¬ß ‡™àπ  ≠— ≈°— …≥å
‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ µ“√“ß
¿“æ µ— «å  ‘ßË ¢Õß ∫§ÿ §≈  ∂“π∑˵’ “à ß Ê
‚¥¬„™â Comparison of adjectives/
adverbs/Contrast : but, although/
Quantity words ‡™àπ many/much/
a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/
few/a little/little etc.

µ«— ™«’È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 23

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

Ù. √–∫Àÿ «— ¢Õâ ‡√ÕË◊ ß(topic) „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ë ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π ‡√Õ◊Ë ß Èπ— ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß

(main idea) ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“° ®“° ◊ÕË ª√–‡¿∑µ“à ß Ê ‡™πà Àπß—  ◊Õæ¡‘ æå

°“√øßí ·≈–Õ“à π∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “π «“√ “√ «∑‘ ¬ÿ ‚∑√∑»— πå ‡«∫Á ‰´µå

·≈–‡√Ë◊Õß È—π ë °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§≠— ‡™πà À—«¢âÕ‡√Ë◊Õß

„®§«“¡ ”§≠— √“¬≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥ π—∫ πÿπ

§”∂“¡‡°’¬Ë «°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√ËÕ◊ ß

‡™πà „§√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑‰Ë’ Àπ ‡¡ÕË◊ ‰√ Õ¬“à ߉√

∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√Õ◊ ‰¡à

- Yes/No Question

- Wh-Question

- Or-Question

etc.

- Tenses : present simple/present

continuous/past simple/future

simple etc.

- Simple sentence/Compound

sentence

¡.Ú Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— ‘µ“¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ë §”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”·π–π” §”™·’È ®ß ·≈–

§”™’·È ®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬ßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøßí §”Õ∏∫‘ “¬ ‡™àπ °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–

·≈–Õà“𠇧√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡◊Ë °“√ª√–¥…‘ ∞å °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“

°“√∫Õ°∑‘»∑“ß °“√„™âÕªÿ °√≥å

24 µ—«™È’«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

- Passive Voice ∑Ë„’ ™„â π‚§√ß √“â ß

ª√–‚¬§ß“à ¬ Ê ‡™àπ is/are + Past

Participle

- §” π— ∏“π (conjunction) ‡™πà and/

but/or/before/after etc.

- µ—«‡™Ë◊Õ¡ (connective words) ‡™πà

First,Ç Second,Ç Third,Ç

Fourth,Ç Finally,Ç etc.

Ú. Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߢÕâ §«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ë ¢Õâ §«“¡ ¢“à « ª√–°“» ·≈–∫∑√Õâ ¬°√Õß

·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß È—π Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕß ë °“√„™æâ ®π“πÿ°√¡

µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈°— °“√Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™πà

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

æ¬≠— ™π–∑“â ¬§”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇ππâ Àπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µ”Ë

„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇™Õ◊Ë ¡‚¬ß„π¢âÕ§«“¡

- °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π

- °“√Õà“π∫∑√Õâ ¬°√Õßµ“¡®ß— À«–

µ—«™«È’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 25

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß

Û. √–∫ÿ/‡¢¬’ πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§À√Õ◊ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬
„Àâ ¡— æπ— ∏å°—∫ ÕË◊ ∑‰’Ë ¡à„™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß ‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√¬’ π
√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑Õ’Ë “à π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß
·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√  ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√
°“√´ÕÈ◊ -¢“¬ ≈¡ø“Ñ Õ“°“» °“√»°÷ …“·≈–
Õ“™æ’ °“√‡¥π‘ ∑“ß∑Õà ߇∑¬Ë’ « °“√∫√°‘ “√
 ∂“π∑Ë’ ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–
‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑ å – ¡ª√–¡“≥
Ò,˜ı-Ò,˘ §” (§”»æ— ∑∑å ‡Ë’ ªπì √ªŸ ∏√√¡
·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

ë °“√µ’§«“¡/∂“à ¬‚Õπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„À â ¡— æπ— ∏å
°∫—  Õ◊Ë ∑‰Ë’ ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß ‡™πà  ≠— ≈°— …≥å
‡§√◊ÕË ßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ ·ºπº—ß
µ“√“ß ¿“æ µ— «å  Ë‘ߢÕß ∫§ÿ §≈
 ∂“π∑µË’ à“ß Ê ‚¥¬„™â Comparison
of adjectives/adverbs/Contrast : but,
although/Quantity words ‡™πà many/
much/a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/
few/a little/little etc.

26 µ«— ™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

Ù. ‡≈◊Õ°À«— ¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ë ∫∑ π∑π“ π∑‘ “π ‡√ÕË◊ ß Èπ— ·≈–‡√ÕË◊ ß

∫Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥ π—∫ ππÿ ®“° Õ◊Ë ª√–‡¿∑µ“à ß Ê ‡™πà Àπß—  Õ◊ æ¡‘ æå

(supporting detail) ·≈–· ¥ß «“√ “√ «∑‘ ¬ÿ ‚∑√∑»— πå ‡«Á∫‰´µå

§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— ‡√ÕË◊ ß∑ø’Ë ßí ·≈–Õ“à π ë °“√®∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ‡™πà À—«¢âÕ‡√Õ◊Ë ß

æ√âÕ¡∑—ßÈ „À‡â Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ«— Õ¬“à ß „®§«“¡ ”§≠— √“¬≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥ π—∫ πÿπ

ßà“¬ Ê ª√–°Õ∫ §”∂“¡‡°¬’Ë «°∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ¢Õ߇√Õ◊Ë ß

‡™πà „§√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑‰Ë’ Àπ ‡¡Õ◊Ë ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√

∑”‰¡ „™Àà √Õ◊ ‰¡à

- Yes/No Question

- Wh-Question

- Or-Question

etc.

ë ª√–‚¬§∑Ë„’ ™„â π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ

°“√„Àâ‡Àµºÿ ≈ ·≈–°“√¬°µ«— Õ¬à“ß ‡™πà

I thinkÇ/I feelÇ/I believeÇ

- §” —π∏“π (conjunctions) and/but/

or/because/so/before/after

- µ«— ‡™ÕË◊ ¡ (connective words) First,Ç

Next,Ç After,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç

etc.

- Tenses : present simple/present

continuous/present perfect/past

simple/future tense etc.

- Simple sentence/Compound sentence

µ«— ™«’È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 27

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß

¡.Û Ò. ªØ‘∫µ— µ‘ “¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ë §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™È’·®ß ·≈–

§”™·’È ®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏∫‘ “¬∑øË’ ßí ·≈–Õ“à 𠧔Õ∏∫‘ “¬„π°“√ª√–¥…‘ ∞å °“√∫Õ°∑»‘ ∑“ß

ª“Ñ ¬ª√–°“»µà“ß Ê °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å

- Passive Voice ∑„’Ë ™â„π‚§√ß √“â ß

ª√–‚¬§ß“à ¬ Ê ‡™àπ is/are + past

partciple

- §” π— ∏“π (conjunction) ‡™πà and/

but/or/before/after/because etc.

- µ—«‡™Õ◊Ë ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ

First,Ç Second,ÇThird,Ç

Fourth,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç

Finally,Ç etc.

Ú. Õ“à πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߢÕâ §«“¡ ¢à“« ‚¶…≥“ ë ¢Õâ §«“¡ ¢“à « ‚¶…≥“ ·≈–∫∑√Õâ ¬°√Õß

·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß Èπ— Ê ∂Ÿ°µÕâ ß ë °“√„™æâ ®π“πÿ°√¡

µ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™πà

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß欗≠™π–µπâ §”·≈–

欗≠™π–∑“â ¬§”  √–‡ ’¬ß —πÈ

 √–‡ ’¬ß¬“«  √–ª√– ¡

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇πâπÀπ°— -‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡ÿà §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ’¬ß ßŸ -µ”Ë

„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߇™ÕË◊ ¡‚¬ß„π¢Õâ §«“¡

- °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õ“à π

- °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®ß— À«–

28 µ—«™«’È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

Û. √–∫·ÿ ≈–‡¢’¬π ◊ËÕ∑‰’Ë ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√¬’ ß ë ª√–‚¬§ ¢Õâ §«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°¬’Ë «°∫—

√Ÿª·∫∫µ“à ß Ê „Àâ —¡æπ— ∏å°∫— ª√–‚¬§ µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√«— ‚√߇√¬’ π  ß‘Ë ·«¥≈Õâ ¡

·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑Ë’øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π Õ“À“√ ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥¡Ë◊ ‡«≈“«“à ß·≈–ππ— ∑π“°“√

 ¢ÿ ¿“æ·≈– « — ¥°‘ “√ °“√´ÕÈ◊ -¢“¬ ≈¡ø“Ñ

Õ“°“» °“√»°÷ …“·≈–Õ“™æ’ °“√‡¥π‘ ∑“ß

∑Õà ߇∑¬’Ë « °“√∫√°‘ “√  ∂“π∑Ë’ ¿“…“ ·≈–

«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√·å ≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªπì «ß§”»æ— ∑å

 – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ò,Ù-Ò,ıı §”

(§”»æ— ∑∑å ˇ’ ªπì √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)

ë °“√µ§’ «“¡/∂à“¬‚Õπ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈„Àâ

 ¡— æπ— ∏å°∫—  ◊ËÕ∑’‰Ë ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß ‡™πà

 ≠— ≈°— …≥å ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿¡Ÿ ‘

µ“√“ß ¿“æ —µ«å  ‘ßË ¢Õß ∫§ÿ §≈

 ∂“π∑µË’ “à ß Ê ‚¥¬„™â Comparison of

adjectives/adverbs/Contrast : but,

although/Quantity words ‡™πà

many/ much/a lot of/lots of/some/

any/a few/few/a little/little etc.

Ù. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿÀ—«¢Õâ ‡√Õ◊Ë ß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ë °“√®∫— „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‡™àπ À—«¢Õâ ‡√Ë◊Õß

√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π∫—  ππÿ ·≈–· ¥ß „®§«“¡ ”§≠— √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ

§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀÁπ‡°¬’Ë «°—∫‡√Ë◊Õß∑Ëø’ íß·≈– ®“° ◊ËÕ Ëß‘ æ¡‘ æ·å ≈– ◊ËÕÕ‘‡≈°Á ∑√Õπ‘° å

Õ“à π®“° ◊ÕË ª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑ßÈ— ‡™πà Àπß—  Õ◊ æ¡‘ æå «“√ “√ «∑‘ ¬ÿ ‚∑√∑»— πå

„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬“à ߪ√–°Õ∫ ‡«∫Á ‰´µå∫πÕ‘π‡∑Õ√‡å πÁµ

µ«— ™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ¿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 29

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

ë §”∂“¡‡°¬’Ë «°∫— „®§«“¡ ”§≠— ¢Õ߇√Õ◊Ë ß
‡™πà „§√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑‰Ë’ Àπ ‡¡Õ◊Ë ‰√ Õ¬“à ߉√
∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√◊Õ‰¡à
- Yes/No Question
- Wh-Question
- Or-Question
etc.

ë ª√–‚¬§∑Ë„’ ™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ
°“√„À‡â Àµºÿ ≈·≈–°“√¬°µ«— Õ¬“à ß ‡™πà
I thinkÇ/I feelÇ/I believeÇ/
I agree/disagreeÇ/I donût believeÇ/
I have no ideaÇ
- if clauses
- soÇthat/suchÇthat
- §” π— ∏“π (conjunctions) and/but/
or/because/so/before/after etc.
- Infinitive pronouns : some/any/
someone/anyone/everyone/one/
ones etc.
- Tenses : present simple/present
continuous/present perfect/past
simple/future tense etc.
- Simple sentence/Compound
sentence/Complex sentence

30 µ—«™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

¡.Ù-ˆ Ò. ªØ‘∫—µµ‘ “¡§”·π–π”„π§àŸ¡Õ◊ ë §”·π–π” §”™·’È ®ß §”Õ∏∫‘ “¬ §”∫√√¬“¬

°“√„™âß“πµ“à ß Ê §”™È’·®ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡™πà ª√–°“»‡µÕ◊ π¿¬— µ“à ß Ê ¬“·≈–

·≈–§”∫√√¬“¬∑Ëø’ íß·≈–Õ“à π °“√„™â¬“ °“√„™âÕªÿ °√≥·å ≈– ß‘Ë ¢Õß

°“√ ∫◊ §πâ ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ßÕπ‘ ‡∑Õ√å‡πµÁ

- Modal verb : should/ought to/

need/have to/must + verb ∑‡Ë’ ªπì

infinitive without to ‡™πà You should

have it after meal. (Active Voice)/

The doses must be divided.

(Passive Voice)

- Direct/Indirect Speech

- §” π— ∏“π (conjunction) and/but/

or/so/not onlyÇbut also/bothÇand/

as well as/after/because etc.

- µ«— ‡™◊ËÕ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ

First,Ç Second,Ç Third,Ç

Fourth,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç

Finally,Ç etc.

Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ߢÕâ §«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ë ¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ‚¶…≥“

‚¶…≥“ ∫∑√Õâ ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑≈–§√ π—È ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑≈–§√ —Èπ

(skit) ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈°— °“√Õ“à π ë °“√„™âæ®π“π°ÿ √¡

ë À≈°— °“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ß ‡™πà

µ«— ™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 31

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßæ¬≠— ™π–µπâ §”·≈–

欗≠™π–∑“â ¬§”  √–‡ ¬’ ß πÈ—

 √–‡ ’¬ß¬“«  √–ª√– ¡

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡ππâ Àπ—°-‡∫“„π§”

·≈–°≈¡ÿà §”

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ¬’ ßµ“¡√–¥∫— ‡ ¬’ ߠߟ -µ”Ë

„πª√–‚¬§

- °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß„π¢Õâ §«“¡

- °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π

- °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®ß— À«–

Û. Õ∏∫‘ “¬·≈–‡¢¬’ πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡

„Àâ ¡— æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑ˉ’ ¡„à ™à§«“¡‡√¬’ ß ë °“√µ§’ «“¡/∂“à ¬‚Õπ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ „À â ¡— æπ— ∏°å ∫—

√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑ËÕ’ à“π √«¡∑ßÈ— √–∫·ÿ ≈–  Õ◊Ë ∑‰Ë’ ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß ‡™πà ¿“æ ·ºπºß—

‡¢¬’ π Õ◊Ë ∑‰Ë’ ¡„à ™§à «“¡‡√¬’ ß√ªŸ ·∫∫µ“à ßÊ °√“ø ·ºπ¿¡Ÿ ‘ µ“√“ß Õ—°…√¬Õà ®“°

„À â ¡— æ—π∏°å ∫— ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√ÕŸâ πË◊ ¥«â ¬°“√楟 ·≈–

∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π °“√‡¢¬’ πÕ∏∫‘ “¬ ‚¥¬„™â Comparison of

adjectives/adverbs/Contrast : but,

although, however, in spite ofÇ/

Logical connectives ‡™πà caused by/

followed by/consist of etc.

32 µ—«™«’È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

Ù. ®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§≠— «‡‘ §√“–À§å «“¡ ë ‡√ËÕ◊ ß∑’‡Ë ªπì  “√§¥·’ ≈–∫—π‡∑‘ߧ¥’
 √ÿª§«“¡ µ’§«“¡ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡ ë °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§≠— °“√ √ÿª§«“¡
§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ®“°°“√øßí ·≈–Õ“à π‡√ÕË◊ ß∑‡’Ë ªπì °“√«‡‘ §√“–À§å «“¡ °“√µ§’ «“¡
ë °“√„™â skimming/scanning/
 “√§¥’·≈–∫—π‡∑‘ߧ¥’ æ√âÕ¡∑ßÈ—
guessing/context clue
„À‡â Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ«— Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫
ë ª√–‚¬§∑’Ë„™„â π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀÁπ
°“√„À‡â Àµÿº≈·≈–°“√¬°µ«— Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ
I believeÇ/I agree withÇ butÇ/Well,
I must sayÇ/What do you think of/
aboutÇ?/I think/donût thinkÇ?/Whatûs
your opinion aboutÇ?/In my opinionÇ/
- if clauses
- soÇthat/suchÇthat
- too toÇ/enough toÇ
- on the other hand,Ç
- other (s)/another/the other (s)
- §” π— ∏“π (conjunctions) because/
and/so/but/however/because of/
due to/owing to etc.
- Infinitive pronouns : some, any,
someone, anyone, everyone, one,
ones etc.
- Tenses : present simple/present
continuous/present perfect/past
simple/future tense etc.
- Simple sentence/Compound
sentence/Complex sentence

µ—«™È’«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 33

 “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æËÕ◊ °“√ ◊ÕË  “√
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ú ¡’∑—°…–°“√ ◊ËÕ “√∑“ß¿“…“„π°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°

·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ Õ¬“à ß¡’ª√– ∑‘ ∏¿‘ “æ

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

ª.Ò Ò. 楟 ‚µµâ Õ∫¥â«¬§” πÈ— Ê ß“à ¬ Ê ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑Ë„’ ™„â π°“√∑—°∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“

„π°“√ ◊ÕË  “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… ·≈–ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ íß ∑’Ë„™â·π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡™πà Hi/Hello/

Good morning/Good afternoon/

Good evening/I amÇ/Goodbye./Bye./

Thank you./I am sorry. etc.

Ú. „™§â ” —ßË ßà“¬ Ê µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ ßí ë §” Ëß— ∑’„Ë ™„â πÀâÕ߇√¬’ π

Û. ∫Õ°§«“¡µâÕß°“√ß“à ¬ Ê ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

µ“¡·∫∫∑ø’Ë ßí ∑Ë’„™â∫Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ‡™àπ I wantÇ/

Please,Ç etc.

Ù. 楟 ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ß“à ¬ Ê ‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„Ë’ ™¢â Õ

µπ‡Õßµ“¡·∫∫∑ø’Ë íß ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡™πà

Whatûs your name?/My name isÇ/

I amÇ/How are you?/I am fine. etc.

ª.Ú Ò. 楟 ‚µâµÕ∫¥â«¬§” È—π Ê ß“à ¬ Ê ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑’Ë„™â„π°“√∑°— ∑“¬ °≈à“«≈“

„π°“√ ◊ÕË  “√√–À«“à ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… ·≈–ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ ßí ∑„Ë’ ™·â π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡™πà Hi/Hello/Good

morning/Good afternoon/

Good evening/How are you?/

Iûm fine./I amÇ/Goodbye./Bye./

Thank you./I am sorry. etc.

34 µ«— ™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â¿Ÿ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

Ú. „™â§” Ë—ß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕßß“à ¬ Ê ë §” Ëß— ·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ß∑„’Ë ™„â πÀÕâ ߇√’¬π

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ íß

Û. ∫Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ß“à ¬ Ê ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

µ“¡·∫∫∑’Ëøíß ∑Ë’„™â∫Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ‡™àπ I wantÇ/

Please,Çetc.

Ù. 楟 ¢Õ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡Ÿ≈ßà“¬ Ê ‡°¬’Ë «°∫— ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

µπ‡Õßµ“¡·∫∫∑ø’Ë ßí ∑„Ë’ ™¢â Õ·≈–„À¢â Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬’Ë «°∫— µπ‡Õ߇™πà

Whatûs your name?/My name isÇ/

I amÇ/How are you?/I am fine. etc.

ª.Û Ò. 楟 ‚µâµÕ∫¥â«¬§” Èπ— Ê ßà“¬ Ê ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑’„Ë ™„â π°“√∑—°∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“

„π°“√ ◊ÕË  “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… ·≈–ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ íß ∑„’Ë ™·â π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡™πà Hi/Hello/Good

morning/Good afternoon/Good

evening/I am sorry./How are you?

Iûm fine.Thank you. And you?/Nice

to see you./Nice to see you too./

Goodbye./Bye./See you soon/later./

Thanks./Thank you./Thank you very

much./Youûre welcome. etc.

Ú. „™â§” —ßË ·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ßß“à ¬ Ê ë §” ßË— ·≈–§”¢Õ√Õâ ß∑Ë„’ ™„â πÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ë’øíß

Û. ∫Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ß“à ¬ Ê ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

µ“¡·∫∫∑Ëø’ ßí ∑„Ë’ ™∫â Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ‡™πà Please,Ç/

May I go out?/May I come in? etc.

µ—«™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 35

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

Ù. 查¢Õ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡Ÿ≈ß“à ¬ Ê ‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫ ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

µπ‡Õß·≈–‡æË◊Õπµ“¡·∫∫∑’øË íß ∑„Ë’ ™â¢Õ·≈–„À¢â Õâ ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß

·≈–‡æË◊Õ𠇙πà

Whatûs your name? My name isÇ

How are you? I am fine.

What time is it? It is one oûclock.

What is this? It is a/anÇ

How manyÇare there? There is

a/anÇ/There areÇ

Who isÇ? He/She isÇ etc.

ı. ∫Õ°§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°Ë¬’ «°∫— ë §”·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„’Ë ™·â  ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷

 ß‘Ë µà“ß Ê „°≈µâ —« À√◊Õ°‘®°√√¡µà“ß Ê ‡™πà ¥„’ ® ‡ ’¬„® ™Õ∫ ‰¡™à Õ∫ ‡™πà

µ“¡·∫∫∑øË’ íß Yeah!/Great!/Cool!/Iûm happy./

I like cats./I donût like snakes. etc.

ª.Ù Ò. 楟 /‡¢’¬π‚µµâ Õ∫„π°“√ ËÕ◊  “√ ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑’„Ë ™â„π°“√∑—°∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“

√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… °“√楟 ·∑√°Õ¬“à ß ¿ÿ “æ

ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡∑„Ë’ ™â·π–π”µπ‡Õß

‡æÕË◊ π·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ —« ·≈– ”π«π

°“√µÕ∫√∫— ‡™πà Hi/Hello/Good

morning/Good afternoon/

Good evening/I am sorry./

How are you?/Iûm fine. Thank you.

And you?/Hello. I amÇ/Hello,ÇI amÇ

This is my sister. Her name isÇ

36 µ«— ™’«È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

Hello,Ç/Nice to see you. Nice to see

you too./Goodbye./Bye./See you soon/

later./Thanks./Thank you./Thank you

very much./Youûre welcome./

Itûs O.K. etc.

Ú. „™â§” ß—Ë §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–§”¢Õ ë §” Ë—ß §”¢Õ√Õâ ß ·≈–§”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ

Õπÿ≠“µß“à ¬ Ê ∑Ë’„™„â πÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π

Û. 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√¢Õß ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„Ë’ ™â

µπ‡Õß ·≈–¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈◊Õ · ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√·≈–¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊

„π ∂“π°“√≥ßå “à ¬ Ê „π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ‡™àπ I wantÇ/

PleaseÇ/MayÇ?/I need your help./

Please help me./Help me! etc.

Ù. 查/‡¢¬’ π‡æË◊Õ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

‡°¬’Ë «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡æÕË◊ π ·≈–§√Õ∫§√«— ∑’Ë„™¢â Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°¬’Ë «°—∫µπ‡Õß

 ‘Ëß„°≈µâ —« ‡æÕ◊Ë π ·≈–§√Õ∫§√«— ‡™πà

Whatûs your name? My name isÇ

What time is it? It is one oûclock.

What is this? It is a/anÇ

How manyÇare there? There is

a/anÇ/There areÇ

Where is theÇ? It is in/on/underÇ

etc.

µ«— ™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 37

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

ı. 楟 · ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ °÷ ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„Ë’ ™·â  ¥ß§«“¡√ âŸ °÷

‡°Ë’¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßµ“à ß Ê „°≈⵫— ·≈– ‡™à𠥄’ ® ‡ ¬’ „® ™Õ∫ ‰¡à™Õ∫ √—° ‰¡à√°— ‡™πà

°®‘ °√√¡µ“à ß Ê µ“¡·∫∫∑ø’Ë ßí I/You/We/They likeÇ/He/She likesÇ

I/You/We/They loveÇ/He/She lovesÇ

I/You/We/They donût like/love/feelÇ

He/She doesnût like/love/feelÇ

I/You/We/They feelÇ etc.

ª.ı Ò. 楟 /‡¢’¬π‚µµâ Õ∫„π°“√ ÕË◊  “√ ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑Ë„’ ™â„π°“√∑—°∑“¬ °≈à“«≈“

√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… ™¡‡™¬ °“√查·∑√°

Õ¬“à ß ÿ¿“æ ª√–‚¬§/¢âÕ§«“¡∑„’Ë ™â

·π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡æÕË◊ π ·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ «—

·≈– ”π«π°“√µÕ∫√∫— ‡™πà Hi/Hello/

Good morning/Good afternoon/

Good evening/I am sorry./How are

you?/Iûm fine. Thank you.

And you?/Hello. I amÇ/Hello,Ç

I amÇ This is my sister.

Her name isÇ /Hello,Ç/

Nice to see you. Nice to see you too./

Goodbye./Bye./See you soon/

later./Good/Very good./Thanks./

Thank you./Thank you very much./

Youûre welcome./Itûs O.K. etc.

38 µ«— ™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿ¡à  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß

Ú. „™â§” Ëß— §”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”¢ÕÕπ≠ÿ “µ ë §” —ßË §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπ≠ÿ “µ

·≈–„À§â ”·π–π”ßà“¬ Ê §”·π–π”∑¡Ë’ ’ Ò-Ú ¢π—È µÕπ

Û. 楟 /‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑’Ë

¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√∫— „™∫â Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ

·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫— ·≈–ªØ‡‘  ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊

„π ∂“π°“√≥ßå à“¬ Ê ‡™àπ PleaseÇ/MayÇ?/I needÇ/

Help me!/Can/CouldÇ?/Yes,.../

No,Ç etc.

Ù. 查/‡¢¬’ π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑Ë’

‡°¬’Ë «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊ÕË π §√Õ∫§√—« „™¢â Õ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°¬’Ë «°—∫µπ‡Õß

·≈–‡√ÕË◊ ß„°≈µâ —« ‡æÕË◊ π§√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–‡√ËÕ◊ ß„°≈âµ—« ‡™àπ

What do you do? Iûm a/anÇ

What is she/he? Çis a/an (Õ“™æ’ )

How old/tallÇ? I amÇ

Is/Are/CanÇorÇ? Çis/are/canÇ

Is/AreÇgoing toÇorÇ?

Çis/are going toÇ etc.

ı. 楟 /‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„Ë’ ™·â  ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ·≈–

‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— ‡√◊ÕË ßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—« ·≈– °“√„Àâ‡Àµºÿ ≈ ‡™àπ ™Õ∫ ‰¡à™Õ∫ ¥’„®

°®‘ °√√¡µ“à ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„À‡â Àµÿº≈ ‡ ¬’ „® ¡§’ «“¡ ¢ÿ ‡»√“â À«‘ √ ™“µ‘ ‡™πà

 π—È Ê ª√–°Õ∫ IûmÇ/He/She/It isÇ/You/We/They areÇ

I/You/We/They likeÇ/He/

She likesÇ becauseÇ

µ—«™’«È ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈¡àÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ¿â “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 39

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

ª.ˆ Ò. 楟 /‡¢¬’ π‚µµâ Õ∫„π°“√ Õ◊Ë  “√ I/You/We/They loveÇ/He/
√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ She lovesÇ becauseÇ
I/You/We/They donût like/love/
feelÇ becauseÇ
He/She doesnût like/love/feelÇ
becauseÇ
I/You/We/They feelÇbecauseÇ etc.
ë ∫∑ π∑π“∑„’Ë ™„â π°“√∑°— ∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“
¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑… ™¡‡™¬ °“√楟 ·∑√°
Õ¬à“ß ÿ¿“æ ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡∑„Ë’ ™â
·π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡æÕË◊ π ·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ «—
·≈– ”π«π°“√µÕ∫√∫— ‡™πà Hi/Hello/
Good morning/Good afternoon/
Good evening/I am sorry./
How are you?/Iûm fine./Very well./
Thank you. And you?/Hello. I amÇ
Hello,ÇI amÇ This is my sister.
Her name isÇ Hello,Ç/Nice to see you.
Nice to see you, too./Goodbye./Bye./
See you soon/later./Great!/Good./
Very good. Thank you./Thank you
very much./Youûre welcome./Itûs O.K./
Thatûs O.K./Thatûs all right./Not at all./
Donût worry./Never mind./Excuse me./
Excuse me, Sir./Miss./Madam. etc.

40 µ«— ™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿Ÿâ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

Ú. „™§â ” ß—Ë §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ ë §” ßË— §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ

·≈–„À⧔·π–π” ·≈–§”·π–π”∑Ë’¡’ Ú-Û ¢πÈ— µÕπ

Û. 查/‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑Ë’

¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√∫— „™∫â Õ°§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊

·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫— ·≈–ªØ‡‘  ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊

„π ∂“π°“√≥åßà“¬ Ê ‡™πà PleaseÇ/MayÇ?/I needÇ/

Help me!/Can/CouldÇ?/

Yes,.../No,Ç etc.

Ù. 楟 ·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æÕË◊ ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈ ë §”»—æ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ·≈–ª√–‚¬§

‡°¬’Ë «°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æË◊Õπ §√Õ∫§√—« ∑Ë„’ ™â¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë¬’ «°—∫µπ‡Õß

·≈–‡√Ë◊Õß„°≈µâ —« ‡æË◊Õπ §√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–‡√Õ◊Ë ß„°≈µâ —« ‡™àπ

What do you do? Iûm a/anÇ

What is she/he? Çis a/an (Õ“™æ’ )

How old/tallÇ? I amÇ

Is/Are/CanÇorÇ? Çis/are/canÇ

Is/AreÇgoing toÇorÇ?

Çis/are going toÇ etc.

ı. 楟 /‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ¢Õßµπ‡Õß ë §”·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑„Ë’ ™·â  ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ °÷ ·≈–

‡°’¬Ë «°∫— ‡√◊ÕË ßµ“à ß Ê „°≈âµ—« °‘®°√√¡ °“√„À‡â Àµºÿ ≈ª√–°Õ∫ ‡™πà ™Õ∫ ‰¡™à Õ∫

µ“à ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑È—ß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ È—π Ê ¥„’ ® ‡ ¬’ „® ¡§’ «“¡ ¢ÿ ‡»√“â À«‘ √ ™“µ‘

ª√–°Õ∫  «¬ π“à ‡°≈’¬¥ ‡ ¬’ ߥ—ß ¥’ ‰¡¥à ’ ‡™πà

µ—«™È«’ —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 41

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß

IûmÇ/He/She/It isÇ/You/We/

They areÇ

I/You/We/They likeÇ/He/

She likesÇ becauseÇ

I/You/We/They loveÇ/He/

She lovesÇ becauseÇ

I/You/We/They donût like/love/

feelÇ becauseÇ

He/She doesnût like/love/feelÇ

becauseÇ

I/You/We/They feelÇbecauseÇ etc.

¡.Ò Ò.  π∑π“·≈°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫ ë ¿“…“∑’„Ë ™„â π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«“à ß∫ÿ§§≈

µπ‡Õß °®‘ °√√¡ ·≈– ∂“π°“√≥µå “à ß Ê ‡™àπ °“√∑°— ∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ

„π™’«µ‘ ª√–®”«π— ¢Õ‚∑… ™¡‡™¬ °“√楟 ·∑√°Õ¬“à ß ¿ÿ “æ

°“√™°— ™«π ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡∑„’Ë ™â

·π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡æÕ◊Ë π ·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ «—

·≈– ”π«π°“√µÕ∫√∫— °“√·≈°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π

¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫µπ‡Õß °‘®°√√¡

 ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê „π™’«µ‘ ª√–®”«—π

Ú. „™§â ”¢Õ√Õâ ß „À§â ”·π–π” ·≈– ë §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™·È’ ®ß

§”™’È·®ßµ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å

42 µ«— ™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√â¿Ÿ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß

Û. 查·≈–‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ë ¿“…“∑„Ë’ ™„â π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√

¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫— ¢Õ§«“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫— ·≈–ªØ‡‘  ∏

·≈–ªØ‡‘  ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ °“√„À§â «“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ ‡™πà

„π ∂“π°“√≥µå “à ß Ê Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡ PleaseÇ/Ç, please./Iûd likeÇ/

I needÇ/May/Can/CouldÇ?/Yes,.../

Please do./Certainly./Yes, of course./

Sure./Go right ahead./Need

some help?/ What can I do to

help?/Would you like any help?/

Iûm afraidÇ/Iûm sorry, butÇ/Sorry,

butÇ etc.

Ù. 查·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ÕË ¢Õ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡

·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’¬Ë «°∫— ∑„’Ë ™â„π°“√¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ·≈–· ¥ß

‡√Ë◊Õß∑øË’ íßÀ√Õ◊ Õ“à πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ §«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— ‡√ÕË◊ ß∑øË’ ßí À√Õ◊ Õ“à π

ı. 楟 ·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡√ Ÿâ ÷°·≈– ë ¿“…“∑Ë’„™„â π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿ â ÷°

§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°Ë’¬«°∫— §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ ·≈–„À‡â Àµÿº≈ª√–°Õ∫

‡√◊ÕË ßµ“à ß Ê „°≈⵫— °®‘ °√√¡µà“ß Ê ‡™πà ™Õ∫ ‰¡à™Õ∫ ¥’„® ‡ ’¬„® ¡§’ «“¡ ¢ÿ

æ√Õâ ¡∑—ßÈ „À‡â Àµÿº≈ πÈ— Ê ª√–°Õ∫ ‡»√“â À‘« √ ™“µ‘  «¬ πà“‡°≈’¬¥ ‡ ’¬ß¥ß—

Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡ ¥’ ‰¡¥à ’ ®“°¢“à « ‡Àµ°ÿ “√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å

„π™«’ ‘µª√–®”«π— ‡™àπ

µ«— ™’«È —¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√â·Ÿ °π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟿“…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 43

™π—È µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

Nice/Very nice./Well done!/

Congratulations.

I likeÇ becauseÇ /I loveÇbecauseÇ/

I feelÇ becauseÇ/I thinkÇ/

I believeÇ/I agree/disagreeÇ

I donût believeÇ/I have no ideaÇ/

Oh no! etc.

¡.Ú Ò.  π∑π“·≈°‡ª≈ˬ’ π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°Ë¬’ «°—∫ ë ¿“…“∑’Ë„™„â π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫§ÿ §≈

µπ‡Õß ‡√ÕË◊ ßµà“ß Ê „°≈µâ —« ·≈– ‡™àπ °“√∑—°∑“¬ °≈“à «≈“ ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥

 ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê „π™’«µ‘ ª√–®”«π— ¢Õ‚∑… ™¡‡™¬ °“√楟 ·∑√°Õ¬“à ß ¿ÿ “æ

Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ °“√™—°™«π ª√–‚¬§/¢Õâ §«“¡∑„Ë’ ™â

·π–π”µπ‡Õß ‡æÕ◊Ë π ·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ «—

·≈– ”π«π°“√µÕ∫√∫— °“√·≈°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°¬Ë’ «°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√Ë◊Õß„°≈⵫—

 ∂“π°“√≥嵓à ß Ê „π™«’ ‘µª√–®”«π—

Ú. „™â§”¢Õ√âÕß „À§â ”·π–π” §”™·È’ ®ß ë §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™·’È ®ß ·≈–

·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬µ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å §”Õ∏‘∫“¬

Û. 查·≈–‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ë ¿“…“∑„’Ë ™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√

‡ πÕ·≈–„À§â «“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™«à ¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√∫—

·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ ·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊

„π ∂“π°“√≥嵓à ß Ê Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡ „π ∂“π°“√≥嵓à ß Ê ‡™àπ

44 µ«— ™È’«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√⟷°π°≈“ß °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«’È ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√·Ÿâ °π°≈“ß

PleaseÇ/Ç, please./Iûd likeÇ/

I needÇ /May/Can/CouldÇ?/Yes,../

Please do./Certainly./Yes, of course./

Sure./Go right ahead./Need some

help?/What can I do to help?/

Would you like any help?/ Iûm afraidÇ/

Iûm sorry, butÇ/Sorry, butÇ etc.

Ù. 查·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æË◊Õ¢Õ·≈–„À¢â Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡

∫√√¬“¬ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ ∑„Ë’ ™â„π°“√¢Õ·≈–„À¢â âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬

‡°’ˬ«°∫— ‡√ÕË◊ ß∑’øË íßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀÁπ‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— ‡√ËÕ◊ ß

Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡ ∑Ë’øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π

ı. 楟 ·≈–‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡√ âŸ °÷ ë ¿“…“∑„’Ë ™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°

·≈–§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀÁπ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°Ë¬’ «°—∫ §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀπÁ ·≈–„Àâ‡Àµºÿ ≈ª√–°Õ∫

‡√Õ◊Ë ßµ“à ß Ê °®‘ °√√¡ ·≈–ª√– ∫°“√≥å ‡™àπ ™Õ∫ ‰¡à™Õ∫ ¥’„® ‡ ¬’ „® ¡§’ «“¡ ÿ¢

æ√Õâ ¡∑ß—È „Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ª√–°Õ∫ ‡»√â“ À‘« √ ™“µ‘  «¬ π“à ‡°≈’¬¥ ‡ ¬’ ߥߗ

Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ¥’ ‰¡¥à ’ ®“°¢“à « ‡Àµ°ÿ “√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å

„π™«’ ‘µª√–®”«π— ‡™πà

Nice./Very nice./Well done!/

Congratulations onÇ/I likeÇ

becauseÇ/I loveÇbecauseÇ/I feelÇ

becauseÇ/I thinkÇ/I believeÇ/

I agree/disagreeÇ/Iûm afraid I donût

likeÇ/I donût believeÇ/I have no

ideaÇ/Oh no! etc.

µ«— ™’È«¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈àÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿âŸ “…“µ“à ߪ√–‡∑» 45

™π—È µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß

¡.Û Ò.  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µµâ Õ∫¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈ ë ¿“…“∑„’Ë ™â„π°“√ ◊ÕË  “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈

‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß ‡√Ë◊Õßµ“à ß Ê „°≈⵫— ‡™πà °“√∑°— ∑“¬ °≈à“«≈“ ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥

 ∂“π°“√≥å ¢à“« ‡√Õ◊Ë ß∑ËÕ’ ¬àŸ„𧫓¡ ¢Õ‚∑… ™¡‡™¬ °“√楟 ·∑√°Õ¬“à ß ¿ÿ “æ

 π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ÕË◊  “√Õ¬“à ß °“√™°— ™«π°“√·≈°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬’Ë «°∫—

µàÕ‡πÕ◊Ë ß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ µπ‡Õß ‡√Õ◊Ë ß„°≈µâ «—  ∂“π°“√≥µå “à ß Ê

„π™’«µ‘ ª√–®”«π— °“√ π∑π“/‡¢¬’ π

¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— µπ‡Õß·≈–∫§ÿ §≈„°≈µâ «—

 ∂“π°“√≥å ¢“à « ‡√ÕË◊ ß∑ÕË’ ¬„Ÿà 𧫓¡ π„®

„π™«’ ‘µª√–®”«π—

Ú. „™§â ”¢Õ√âÕß „À§â ”·π–π” §”™·’È ®ß ë §”¢Õ√Õâ ß §”·π–π” §”™È·’ ®ß

·≈–§”Õ∏∫‘ “¬Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ §”Õ∏‘∫“¬∑’¡Ë ’¢πÈ— µÕπ´—∫´âÕπ

Û. 楟 ·≈–‡¢¬’ π· ¥ß§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ë ¿“…“∑„Ë’ ™„â π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√

‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫— ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊ µÕ∫√∫—

·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À§â «“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊ ·≈–ªØ‡‘  ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™«à ¬‡À≈Õ◊

„π ∂“π°“√≥µå à“ß Ê Õ¬“à ߇À¡“– ¡ „π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ‡™πà

PleaseÇ/Ç, please./Iûd likeÇ/

I needÇ/May/Can/CouldÇ?/Yes,.../

Please do./Certainly./Yes, of course./

Sure./Go right ahead./Need some

help?/What can I do to help?/Would

you like any help?/Iûm afraidÇ/

Iûm sorry, butÇ/Sorry, butÇ etc.

46 µ«— ™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√Ÿ·â °π°≈“ß °≈à¡ÿ  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√¿âŸ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»

™πÈ— µ«— ™«È’ ¥—  “√–°“√‡√¬’ π√⟷°π°≈“ß

Ù. 楟 ·≈–‡¢¬’ π‡æÕË◊ ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ë §”»æ— ∑å  ”π«π¿“…“ ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–¢Õâ §«“¡

Õ∏∫‘ “¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑¬’ ∫ ·≈–· ¥ß ∑„Ë’ ™„â π°“√¢Õ·≈–„À¢â Õâ ¡Ÿ≈ Õ∏∫‘ “¬

§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— ‡√ËÕ◊ ß∑øË’ ßí À√Õ◊ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ

Õà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ‡°Ë’¬«°∫— ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕ“à π

ı. 查·≈–‡¢¬’ π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√⟠°÷ ·≈– ë ¿“…“∑’„Ë ™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡√⟠÷°

§«“¡§¥‘ ‡ÀπÁ ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’¬Ë «°∫— §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ ·≈–„Àâ‡Àµºÿ ≈ª√–°Õ∫

‡√◊ÕË ßµ“à ß Ê °‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ‡™àπ ™Õ∫ ‰¡™à Õ∫ ¥„’ ® ‡ ¬’ „® ¡’§«“¡ ¢ÿ

·≈–¢“à «/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√Õâ ¡∑È—ß ‡»√“â À«‘ √ ™“µ‘  «¬ π“à ‡°≈¬’ ¥ ‡ ¬’ ߥ—ß

„À‡â Àµÿº≈ª√–°Õ∫Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ¥’ ‰¡¥à ’ ®“°¢“à « ‡Àµ°ÿ “√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å

„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—𠇙àπ

Nice./Very nice./Well done!/

Congratulations on.../I likeÇ

becauseÇ/I loveÇ becauseÇ/

I feelÇ becauseÇI thinkÇ/I believeÇ/

I agree/disagreeÇ/Iûm afraid Ç/

I donût likeÇ I donût believeÇ/I have

no ideaÇ/Oh no! etc.

µ«— ™«È’ ¥— ·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√·âŸ °π°≈“ß °≈¡ÿà  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√¿âŸ “…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 47