IPC_JulAug17_FOR_WEB

There were ample
opportunities for
engagement with
the audience,
many of whom
were attending as
speakers in their
own right.

“For those who have not yet attended ICUP and therefore
don’t have copies of the Proceedings, all the presentations
from all the previous conferences are available on-line (www.
icup.org.uk), with the 2017 papers being uploaded soon. This
is now one of the largest accessible collections of urban pest
science papers, anywhere.

In 2020, we are looking forward to seeing everyone at the
10th ICUP in Spain. Doubtless the world will have changed in
many ways by then, but the urban pests stay with us

In his closing remarks, Matthew Davies, said “The 2017
Organising Committee would like to thank all participants, for
their outstanding support and contributions to the Conference.
The collective efforts of all involved have contributed greatly
to the legacy of the International Conference on Urban Pests.
All that remains is to say, ‘see you in 2020’ and we wish the
new Organising Committee the greatest of successes in devel-
oping the event for the future.”

Spain has been chosen to be the host country for the next
ICUP. Although the final venue has not yet been chosen, the
next event is likely to be an equally busy and active event.

„„ For more information see www.icup.org.uk.

July/August 2017 www.international-pest-control.com 227

focus on public health

Tackling Blackfly (Simulium spp) in Cameroon

Pierre Nkot Baleguel*, Pierre Didier Baleguel*, Jane Nchangnwi Che** and Graham Matthews***

Fig 1. The larval stage of Blackfly, Simulium damnosum ,lives in oxygenated water in rivers, so may be partly due the parasitic worm
occurs where there are natural waterfalls, but with large hydroelectric dams being constructed, a becoming resistant to the drug, but also
vast increase in blackfly populations has been noted due to flow of turbulent water from the dams. reinfection as the effect of the drug
decreases. This has renewed interest in
T he main effort to control river trol the Onchocerca volvulus filarial controlling the insect vector of the dis-
blindness (Onchocerciasis) in worm by taking one tablet annually. In ease, the blackfly Simulium damnosum.
Africa in recent years has been most places, this has increased to two
by mass drug distribution. Merck made tablets, but now there is evidence of The larval stage lives in oxygenated
available Mectizan (ivermectin) to con- sub-optimal response to the drug. This water in rivers, so occurs where there
are natural waterfalls, but with large
Fig 2 Blackfly data from Cameroon, using sticky traps at two sites at each of 6 locations, hydroelectric dams being constructed, a
showing fly numbers in the treated area and further upstream as an untreated control. On vast increase in blackfly populations has
some dates insecticide was not available for treatment, as indicated by numbers >50. In been noted due to flow of turbulent water
untreated areas, water-flow affected some counts. from the dams (Fig 1). So far, efforts
to control the larvae have involved
Sticky trap data Blackflies per day/trap putting an insecticide, temephos or
permethrin, into the sections of the river
with turbulent water. In smaller rivers,
the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis
isrealensis can be used. In Cameroon in
recent years, the programme has been to
apply 3 weekly treatments from a boat
(Baleguel et al., 2011), at 7 points along
part of the Sanaga river and repeating
the cycle according to data on black fly
adults detected on sticky traps (Fig 2),
located at certain positions downstream
of treated areas. However, this technique
is only effective for a limited time, so the
treatments have to be repeated.

*The Yaounde Initiative Foundation, PO Box
3878, Messa, Yaounde, Cameroon
**London School of Hygiene & Tropical

Medicine & Yaounde
***IPARC, Imperial College, Silwood Park,
Ascot, UK

228 www.international-pest-control.com July/August 2017

Fig 3. The flow of water along certain sections of the river could be
improved by a series of small weirs to keep the water level above
rocks and other obstructions that create the white water.

In the drier savannah parts of Africa, the insecticides
were applied using aircraft for about 20 years in the
Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP). The aim to
eliminate the disease was largely successful, especially as
mass drug distribution was possible towards the end of the
project. However, there are signs of a recrudescence of
onchocerciasis in the OCP area, possibly due to infected
blackflies re-entering the area, or from people migrating
into the area.

A meeting was held in Cameroon recently to set up a
survey to obtain the current situation regarding onchocer-
ciasis in all parts of the country. However, a new strategy
to control black flies below a nuisance threshold is needed.
This will certainly use an integrated approach and the
involvement of the local population for sustainability.
What is the alternative? It has been suggested that the
flow of water along certain sections of the river could be
improved by a series of small weirs to keep the water level
above rocks and other obstructions (Fig 3) that create the
white water. Although it would involve a large invest-
ment, it would also provide water for some small irrigation
schemes along the river. The biggest challenge will be
to overcome the problem at the large dams. These may
require continued chemical treatment, unless an alternative
means of controlling the adult flies, such as attractant traps
or insecticide treated screens can be devised.

Reference

Baleguel, N.P., Ghogomu, T.R. and Baleguel, P.D. (2011).
Spraying from a boat to control Simulium larvae alongthe
Sanaga river, Cameroon.International Pest Control. 53 144-6.

July/August 2017 www.international-pest-control.com 229

focus on agriculture

Arable production: science and compliance – preparing for
an uncertain future

Graham Matthews*

Stephen Howe, (Deputy Chairman BCPC Board of Trustees), oversees the morning session with increased exports of cereals to oth-
question and answers with Guy Horsington (DEFRA Head of Future Farming Policy - er continents, which will require much
obscured), Will Gemmill (Head of Farming, Strutt & Parker), Guy Smith (NFU Vice President) larger tankers, taking greater quanti-
and Cecilia Pryce (Head of Research, Openfield). ties of cereals in one shipment, yet
these will be required to offset reduced
T he British Crop Production There was a consensus that farmers exports to the EU and imports of the
Council (BCPC) and the will get fewer subsidies and these will wheat, required for bread in the UK.
Voluntary Initiative jointly held be directed at environmental improve-
a one-day conference at The Farmers’ ment and rural development rather than In the afternoon, Jim Orson (NIAB,
Club London attended by 63 delegates area payments, which are considered to BCPC Board of Management, and
on 10th July to give consideration of the provide undue benefits for arable farm- VI director) began by showing how
practical considerations and possible solu- ers and large landowners. A big chal- wheat yields had benefitted first by the
tions for the UK farming community, to lenge for UK agriculture was illustrated arrival of herbicides to control broad
help it start preparing for life outside the by the increased costs of the UK abid- leaved weeds, then by the introduction
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). ing by high animal welfare standards; of short-strawed varieties, with higher
production of pig meat has declined and yield. The application of fungicides
Presenting to a full-house, the speak- been offset by imports from countries also improved yields – but these have
ers in the morning session – Will that are not necessarily maintaining the now plateaued out. He gave an account
Gemmill (Head of Farming, Strutt & same standards. In the UK, the cost of of how a farmer changed to a seven-
Parker), Guy Horsington (DEFRA Head producing wheat varies considerably year crop rotation, namely winter bar-
of Future Farming Policy), Guy Smith among farmers, with few keeping costs ley; winter oil seed rape, winter wheat,
(NFU Vice President) and Cecilia Pryce below £125 per tonne, while about 20% sugar beet, winter wheat, spring barley/
(Head of Research, Openfield) - cov- had costs over £175 per tonne. The key spring beans and winter wheat. This was
ered some of the problems likely to question is - how can farmers get pro- accompanied by shallower cultivation
be facing farmers. There is a need to duction costs down with skilled labour and only using glyphosate four times in
plan for change now, even though the costs higher than in other countries?? 7 years. Using the rotation, there was
Brexit discussions have hardly started Can costs be reduced by using new less flea beetle attack on oilseed rape;
and politics within the UK has not set- technology and data? the soil benefitted by having a long-
tled after the second election. In the term plan improving the biomass in
Queen’s Speech there were two new Currently 80% of the regulations the soil; and farmers were getting more
bills – one on agriculture (the first affecting agriculture come from the EU, interested in brassica cover crops.
Agriculture bill since 1947) and another but it will take time to sort out what
on fisheries - but progress on defining changes can be made after Brexit and Northants farmer, Andrew Pitts, also
the impact, with the current uncertainty there are unlikely to be major benefi- commented that the Government, stim-
in Parliament, may take a long time to cial changes soon, even though there is ulated by the environmental NGOs,
complete. political will to return to a scientific risk wants an increase in environmental
analysis of using plant protection prod-
*IPARC, Imperial College, Silwood Park. ucts rather than the precautionary prin- Jim Orson (NIAB, BCPC Board of
ciple. There will be logistical problems Management, and VI director) during his
presentation in the afternoon on improving
crop yields and crop rotations.

230 www.international-pest-control.com July/August 2017

management and will reduce area pay- on the need to work together on a the one farmer-led proposal to Defra -
ments, and farmers need to look hard landscape scale to achieve sustainable which was chosen out of a short list of
now at their costs of production. He integrated management plans for a liv- 12 projects to enhance our environment.
demonstrated how, by using yield and ing environment. One outcome has been stringing a neck-
soil maps, it was possible to sort out lace of ponds on a ribbon of wildflower-
which parts of a farm were most prof- This theme was followed up by rich habitat, linking them to one another
itable. By cutting out the worst 10% Chris Musgrave (Managing Director and to grassland and woodland wildlife
performing areas of fields, and using of Musgrave Management Systems) sites. See www.spacefornature.net. He
them to create wild flower meadows, with his presentation - Profitable ended with a quote from Socrates —
to attract pollinators and natural ene- Farming with Care for the Environment ‘The secret of change is to focus all
mies of insect pests, it was possible by Embracing Change. With farmers your energy, not fighting the old, but
to increase an overall return of £126 working together, much more can be on building the new.’ A new generation
to £565. Increase this, to remove the achieved than as individuals. He gave of farmers will need to be supported,
worst 20% poor yielding areas and the examples where farmers have grouped starting now, to succeed in this time of
income rose to £992. He commented together; the Marlborough Downs unprecedented change.
Nature Enhancement Farming Ltd. was

Scientific paper on bees, gets publicity in UK and USA

Graham Matthews* to bees feeding elsewhere! Later in the helps bees, in contrast to sprays that
programme, a farmer, Guy Smith, who may drift downwind and affect bees
S cientists at the Centre for could not grow oilseed rape without a outside a treated crop. Bees can suffer
Ecology and Hydrology, togeth- neonicotinoid insecticide, due to exten- a drastic drop in populations due to
er with colleagues in Hungary sive damage from cabbage stem weevils, extreme cold winters and still recover
and Germany, have published in Science had planted sugar beet instead and was the following year. Rather than a ban,
a paper, entitled “Country-specific increasing his area of wild flowers to maybe there should be a rationing sys-
effects of neonicotinoid pesticides on help the bees. tem so that neonicotinoids are reserved
honey bees and wild bees”. Interestingly, for crops most exposed to severe losses
this was featured as part on the BBC’s The American Council on Science due to insects. If there was a rationing
Countryfile programme on 2nd July, as and Health¹ commenting on the Science system within a region, it would also
there is clearly considerable interest in paper on 30th June, pointed out that there reduce the selection pressure for resist-
the arguments in favour or against a ban ‘were 258 data points, nine of which ance. Undoubtedly bees, even with lots
on neonicotinoid insecticides. were negative, seven were positive and of nectar and pollen, like to also visit
four were inconclusive. So 238 of 258 other flowers. According to Stanley
The paper considered data from large showed no effect. By my count, over and Stout (2014) in a study on oil seed
field experiments, to assess the effects of 90% of the hives had no detectable levels rape commented that more than half the
neonicotinoid-treated crops on three bee of the neonicotinoid insecticides’. They insects also carried pollen from wild
species across three countries (Hungary, also pointed out that the UK bees had plants as well as from the crop. Perhaps
Germany and the United Kingdom). weaker hives and more Varroa mites, so with larger areas of a farm with wild
Winter-sown oilseed rape was grown they were far more likely to have greater flowers bees will relish a varied diet
commercially, with either seed coatings losses regardless of any agricultural pes- instead of vast areas of oil seed rape!
containing neonicotinoids (clothianidin ticide. Their concern was with the envi-
or thiamethoxam) or no seed treatment ronmental Twittersphere already abuzz, References
(control). Their main finding pointed to saying that they have a smoking gun for Stanley D. A. and Stout, J. C. (2014) Pollinator
neonicotinoids causing a reduced capac- neonicotinoids and bee health. Just the
ity of bee species to establish new popu- opposite of what an impartial analysis sharing between mass-flowering oilseed
lations in the year following exposure. would find. rape and co-flowering wild plants:
implications for wild plant pollination. Plant
BBC Countryfile’s Tom Heap referred Bayer’s representative on the TV pro- Ecology 215, 315-25.
to the battle between intensive farming gramme said there was a vast amount of B. A. Woodcock, B.A., Bullock, J. M. Shore, R.
and wildlife and asked the question ‘Do data from the experiment and it would F., Heard, M. S. Pereira, M. G., Redhead,
neonics harm bees?’ The answer seemed take time to sort out. Clearly there is J., Ridding, L. Dean, H., Sleep, D., Henrys,
to be that the aggregated data suggested a complex problem to be solved but P., Peyton, J. Hulmes, S., Hulmes, L.
there could be a steep decline in bee it should be scientists that unravel the Sárospataki, M., Saure, C., Edwards, M.,
populations over time. The results are conflicting views. The agro-ecosys- Genersch, E., Knäbe, S. Pywell, R. F. (2017)
a snapshot in one season. In Germany, tem is far too complex for politicians Country-specific effects of neonicotinoid
the bees did well while the oilseed rape to judge the situation. The seed treat- pesticides on honey bees and wild bees.
was in flower but that may have been due ment, used sensibly without dust escap- Science 356, 1393–1395.
ing into the environment, undoubtedly
*IPARC, Imperial College, Silwood Park. ¹Text taken from an ACSH email sent out on
30th June 2017.

July/August 2017 www.international-pest-control.com 231

focus on agriculture

Fall Armyworms on march across Africa

A woman holds an Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) she found feeding on her maize crop damage in the northern United States.
at a Farm near Harare, Zimbabwe. They can fly long distances. The first published report describing
their presence in Africa appeared in
F all Armyworm (Spodoptera fru- FAW was first detected in Central and early 2016. It suggested the insects
giperda), FAW, is an insect pest Western Africa in early 2016 (Sao Tome had already been there for a year. For
that feeds on more than 80 crop and Principe, Nigeria, Benin and Togo) several reasons, the fall armyworms
may pose more problems for farmers
species, causing damage to economi- and in late 2016 and 2017 in Angola, than the African Armyworm, which is
native to Africa. Fall Armyworms can
cally important cultivated cereals such Botswana, Burundi, Democratic reproduce continuously under warm,
moist conditions.
as maize, rice, sorghum, and also to Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana,
As adults, fall armyworms can fly
legumes, as well as vegetable crops and Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, up to 100 kilometres a day if pushed by
winds. Some armyworms have found
cotton. It is native to tropical and sub- Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South a ride on modern aircraft. For this
reason, communication is especially
tropical regions of the Americas, with Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and important. Ethiopia’s Plant Protection
Directorate reported that as of July 10,
the adult moth able to move over 100 Zimbabwe, and it is expected to move fall armyworms have infested more
than 440,000 hectares of crops. It said
km per night. It lays its eggs on plants, further. Although it is too early to that about 305,000 hectares had been
protected. Traditional agrochemical
from which larvae hatch and begin know the long-term impact of FAW on treatments may be less effective with
the new invaders than with the African
feeding. High infestations can lead to agricultural production and food security armyworms. The fall armyworm enters
the plant and feeds from inside, making
significant yield loss. Farmers in the in Africa, it has the potential to cause the insect harder to recognize and harder
to kill. The species is defenceless in cold
Americas have been managing the pest serious damage and yield losses. FAW’s weather, but freezing conditions are rare
in much of Africa.
for many years, but at significant cost. presence in Africa is irreversible. Large-
FAO is currently supporting the
Map of areas affected by Fall Armyworms. scale eradication efforts are neither design and testing of a sustainable pest
management program for smallholders
Source FAO briefing note on Fall appropriateArmywormFAo Briefing Note on FAW nor feasible. Gathering and in Africa. First steps are to look at
analysing experiences and best practices experiences of farmers and researchers
in Africa (30th June 2017).Map of areas affected by Fall Armyworms (as of 15 June 2017) from the Americas. Then, the best
from the Americas will help design and recommended practices will be tried and
adapted in the field via Farmers’ Field
test a sustainable FAW management Schools. The best recommendations
will then be communicated and shared
program for smallholders in Africa. with farmers, farmers’ organizations
and governments across Africa. A recent
Joseph Huesing who works as an USAID report noted that Brazil spends
an estimated $600 million each year to
advisor to the United States Agency control the insects. One control measure
experts are taking is to more carefully
for International Development, or inspect food arriving at African airports.
The Fall Armyworms may have arrived
USAID, suspects the Fall Armyworms on the continent through a food shipment
from overseas. The Fall Armyworm is
were transported to Africa from the not causing a crisis yet but no one is
taking the situation lightly.
American state of Florida or islands
„„ For more information see http://www.
in the Caribbean. He says the insects fao.org/food-chain-crisis/how-we-work/
plant-protection/fall-armyworm/en/
Detected and are attacking maize crops in African
officially reported countries south of the Sahara Desert.

Detected awaiting The Fall Armyworms were given
official reporting their name from fall, or autumn, the

time of year when they do the most

232 FAo Briefing Note on FAW www.international-pest-control.com May/June 2017
Date: 30 June 2017

Email: [email protected]

Web site: http://www.fao.org/food-chain-crisis/how-
we-work/plant-protection/fall-armyworm/en/

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focus on HORTICULTURE and amenity

Vineyard biosecurity project looks to next stage after trial

Vinehealth Australia’s Suzanne McLoughlin worked with 31 vigneron during the Boundary South Australia (PIRSA), which funded
Rider trial. Image credit: James Elsby. the trial. PIRSA will then decide
whether further funding for the project
F inding a balance between maxi- attracted inquiries from as far afield as is warranted. However, it is likely that
mizing the biosecurity benefit the United States and Spain. additional industry or government
and the ease of use for grape organisations would need to invest in
growers and wine producers will play Canadian technology company Be the project if it was to be rolled out more
a key role in determining the future of Seen Be Safe provided the geofencing broadly.
software to help keep pests and diseases software for the trial, which was adapted
out of vineyards. A six-month trial of from the poultry industry in Ontario. South Australia produced 51% of
a vineyard visitor management app in Participating growers included Chapel the Australia’s crush in 2016 and about
South Australia has ended with relevant Hill Winery, Charles Melton Wines, 75% of Australia’s premium wine from
agencies expected to soon decide on its D’Arenberg, Dorrien Winemaking, some of the oldest vines in the world.
future. The Vinehealth Australia pilot Gemtree Wines, Henschke Cellars, Biosecurity is of particular importance
project, known as Project Boundary Noon Winery, Scholz Estate, St Hallett to the South Australian wine industry
Rider, involved virtual fences surround- Wines, Torbreck Vintners, Wirra because it is phylloxera free. The
ing 130 separate land parcels man- Vineyards and Wright Vineyard Trust. movement of people and vehicles is a
aged by 31 viticulture businesses in key biosecurity risk for vines, as pests
Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale from Vinehealth Australia Technical and diseases such as phylloxera can be
December to June. Manager Suzanne McLoughlin, who spread on footwear and tyres.
managed the pilot project, said teething
GPS technology was used to detect problems included significant battery McLoughlin said the greater the take
the movement of each person carrying draw on mobile devices and inaccurate up of the app by vignerons, if and when
a smartphone with location services fence mapping. She said finding a it was rolled out again, the greater the
enabled. A purpose-built app called balance between a user-friendly system benefit. ‘If you are going to look at it
BRider then logged movement of the while still providing enough detail to be from a holistic biosecurity perspective
individual in or out of each geofence. a valuable biosecurity tool was crucial. then you really want it to be all in for it
The visitor movements were collated “If you are going to use it for biosecurity to be as effective as possible,’ she said.
into an electronic visitor book for you really want as many people ‘We definitely see the value in it we just
each geofence, providing the visitor involved as possible,” McLoughlin need to consider the whole package now
name, date of visit, timestamp and visit said. “We really need to decide now and work out what would be the best
duration. The total number of boundary with industry what the best way to go is system to go with if we were to launch
crosses for the pilot was 8,388. There … we’re at the point of deciding what it going forward. Realistically it could
were no significant biosecurity threats the value proposition should be and be used anywhere, even in states where
reported during the trial, which included how do we make it simple.” Vinehealth they do have phylloxera they could
the busy vintage period from Australia is preparing a report on the potentially quarantine around infected
February to April. The trial has trial for participants, Be Seen Be Safe zones and risk zones for example and
and Primary Industries and Regions communicate messages to people who
are crossing those boundaries.’

Vinehealth Australia CEO Inca
Pearce said geofencing was a powerful
tool to help growers and the broader
industry respond to pest and disease
incidents and prevent further spread.
‘Phylloxera doesn’t respect vineyard
boundaries or state borders. We must
ensure our biosecurity is rigorous and
we must be looking at new technology
to support vineyard owners in their
efforts’ she said. ‘The biosecurity
landscape is constantly evolving, with
trends in trade, tourism, climate change
and business ownership increasing the
extent and nature of biosecurity risks.’

„„ Source: This is a Creative Commons
story from ‘The Lead’ news service in
South Australia.

234 www.international-pest-control.com May/June 2017

focus on Forestry & Plantations

Which way for western hemlock as a commercial
softwood species

Terry Mabbett*

of Western Hemlock in part due to the

gaps left by Japanese Larch. ‘However,

Western Hemlock is like marmite’ says

owner David Gwillam. ‘Some foresters

love it while others simply do not know

what to do with the tree and therefore

avoid the species’, says David. He says

that in contrast to the tree’s ability to

freely regenerate in forest plantations,

the species is quite difficult to germinate

in nursey seedbeds.

It is tempting to think that because

P. ramorum has been present in the UK

for at least 15 years then if Western

Hemlock was susceptible to P. ramorum

it would have succumbed to the

pathogen and disease by now. However,

A large area of Wwestern Hemlock, (planted in 1960’s) being clear felled in the Surrey Hills it took eight long years from the very
(south of London in England) in February 2017. (Picture Dr Terry Mabbett) first identification of the pathogen and
disease on Viburnum in the horticultural

W estern Hemlock (Tsuga het- Japanese Larch stands that that were sector during 2002 to finding the first
erophylla) is one of several affected by P. ramorum. Should that infections on Japanese Larch in western
New World conifers native advice be heeded to the point of not England in 2010.

to the Pacific Northwest region of the planting Western

USA and Canada and on which com- H e m l o c k ?

mercial forestry in the United Kingdom Perhaps not

(UK) may well come to rely on in the because the

future. However, any future for Western g e n e r a l i s t

Hemlock in UK commercial forestry is p a t h o g e n

at risk following the arrival and rapid potential and

spread of Phytophthora ramorum, a wide host range

fungus-like pathogen which has already of P. ramorum

destroyed Japanese Larch (Larix kaemp- means that

feri) as a commercial softwood timber virtually anything RAPID SOLUTIONS
tree in the UK. P. ramorum is a gener- i n c l u d i n g

alist pathogen possessing a very broad Eucalyptus could PEST MANAGEMENT
host range. The pathogen and symptoms eventually prove

of disease has so far been identified on s u s c e p t i b l e CONFERENCE

at least 130 host plant species across 75 if planted.

genera in 40 different plant families. A number of

UK Forestry Commission (FC) native Australian

records Western Hemlock as susceptible plants including

to infection by P. ramorum. The tree E u c a l y p t u s

is a known natural host and also a regnans have Aug 11-12, 2017
Gold Coast, Australia
laboratory host with bark and leaves/ recently tested

shoots showing moderate and low as highly

susceptibility, respectively, to P. susceptible to

ramorum. Phytophthora

Foresters are advised to exercise ramorum.

caution when using Western Hemlock Prees Heath

planting material to re-stock felled Forest Nurseries

*Director, Dr Terry Mabbet Consultants. in Shropshire, BOOK NOW AT
Email: [email protected] England reports RAPIDSOLUTIONS.COM.AU
increased sales

July/August 2017 www.international-pest-control.com 235

focus on Forestry & Plantations

London’s largest open space under siege from OPM

Terry Mabbett* which is used as a commercial biological 2016. January 2017. FC/Defra)
insecticide. Btk acts specifically against Reasons why OPM containment has
E pping Forest, which is London’s larvae of lepidoptera (butterflies and
largest open space covering moths) but cannot control OPM larvae failed are:
2400 hectares and represent- much beyond the L2 (second instar) • There has been too much reliance on
ing some of England’s most iconic stage because the gut wall becomes
Ancient Woodland has been hit by too strong for the bacterial toxin to Btk which is inappropriate for the
Oak Processionary Moth – OPM penetrate. control of OPM larvae much beyond
(Thaumetopoea processionea). the L2 stage. First record of hatching
Following the finding of old OPM The newly discovered OPM nest are OPM larvae during spring 2017 was
nests on Epping Forest’s north-western unlikely to have originated from the 31st March at Richmond in south
edge in the County of Essex during main west London outbreak discovered west London. This means the OPM
the 2016/2017 winter survey, Forestry in 2006 but more likely to have been larvae sprayed with Btk on 8th June
Commission (FC) inspectors, working linked to a later East London outbreak were almost certainly way past the
alongside Epping Forest Officers from originating in the London Borough of L2 stage and therefore beyond the
City of London Corporation, identified Newham. This was discovered in 2014 control capabilities of the biocontrol
active OPM nests during June 2017, in having originated on egg-infested oak agent.
woodland in the southernmost part of trees sourced from Europe and planted • New and separate OPM outbreaks
Epping Forest. at the Olympic Park in Stratford (2013). like that at the Olympic Park
The outbreak is now well established, continue to be found, despite EU
City of London Corporation said having moved into the neighbouring plant passports accompanying all
nests and surrounding oak trees within London Boroughs of Waltham Forest, imported oak tree planting material
a 50 metre radius were sprayed on 8th Hackney, Tower Hamlets and Redbridge. imports since March 2008 and UK
June 2017 ‘with a natural pesticide that inspection of oak tree planting
will control any caterpillar larvae that The new infestation crystallises why material imports from EU by APHA
may be present.’ They were referring efforts have so far failed to eradicate (Animal and Plant Health Authority)
to Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki or even contain OPM despite an since January 2013.
(Btk) an entomopathogenic bacterium operational budget spending of £1.2
million¹ for 2016/17 (Oak Processionary ¹Excludes spending by private landowners and
*Director, Dr Terry Mabbet Consultants. Moth Programme: Operational Report stakeholders.
Email: [email protected]

Calling all poster authors July/August 2017

•• Have you written a poster for a conference, seminar
or exhibition?

•• Do you wonder where they all go to?
•• So do we!

Following the success of our PestEx poster competition, International Pest
Control magazine has created a web space to host all the posters that were
on show. Not just the winning entries. Rather than stop there, however, we
have opened up the facility for all posters to be available long after they have
fulfilled their initial brief at their specific meeting or event. We ask only that
the subject be related to pest control and pest management.
If you have a suitable poster, we invite you to submit a 300 word abstract and
the poster file to [email protected]
The abstract should be in Word format and posters as PDF format.The archive
will be open to all – no subscription necessary.
As the archive develops, we will include a search function for easy retrieval.

http://international-pest-control.com/category/posters

236 www.international-pest-control.com

International Pest Control Special Features 2017

Jan/Feb 59(1) Bird Management A look at various avian pests and how different management both new and
Mar/Apr 59(2) Application traditional approaches can help.
May/Jun 59(3) Technology
Amenity & Facilities Pesticides application is as important as the pesticide itself. We consider what’s
Jul/Aug 59(4) Pests new and how to get the best from application equipment.

Sept/Oct 59(5) Vector Management Urban and commercial spaces March/April 2017 – Volume 59 Number 2
provide ideal environments for pests.
Nov/Dec 59(6) Biocontrol In this double feature we look at pest
management, inside and out.
Invasive Pests
Bugs that bite are frequently in the
news and those that transmit disease
are the deadliest. We look at the
latest research.

Adoption of biological pest control The Rice Apple Snail Rentokil in India SPECIAL FEATURE
is rapidly growing. We look at what
these agents have to offer and Disease management in uSspeothliegrhettoonsrtaoydenticide APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY
preview ABIM 2017. cocoa
Developments in soil
Pests now travel more freely with Good practice for Global push to stop Red fumigation
global trade and travel. We consider coloured sticky traps Palm Weevil Recent developments in
new threats that have appeared in application technology
recent years and management tools Biological control of wasps Records fall at PestEx IPARC wins award
being applied to minimise their impact. Two world spraying records
March/April 2017 www.international-pest-control.com fEolrecmtroossqtuatiticoemsist-blowers
What is a certified IRS
compression sprayer?

65

July/August 2017 www.international-pest-control.com 237

CALENDAR

International Pest Control calendar of events

Please find below a list of key international events in the world of pest however we will aim to publicise as many as possible. If you have
attended an event and believe the discussions might be of interest to
management. If you know of a exhibition or conference that is not listed our readers, we are also interested in receiving reports and photos that
here, please send information to [email protected]. you are happy to share with our readership.
It is sadly not possible to list all the events in the pest control world,

Date Days Event / Venue / Website
09-Jul-17 4 9th International Conference on Urban Pests (ICUP) / Birmingham, UK / http://www.icup2017.org.uk/

13-Jul-17 2 Biocontrols Africa 2017 / Cape Town, South Africa / http://www.agribusinessglobal.com/

16-Sep-17 3 Science Protecting Plant Health 2017 / Brisbane, Australia / http://sciplant2017.com.au/

20-Sep-17 3 FAOPMA 2017 - New Perspective of IPM in Urban and Public Health / Bangkok, Thailand / http://faopma-pest
summit2017.com

28-Sep-17 2 Parasitec 2017 / Istabul, Turkey / http://turquie.parasitec.org/index.php/fr/

03-Oct-17 2 The BCPC Congress 2017 / Brighton, UK / www.bcpc.org/event_BCPC-Congress-2017_374.html

10-Oct-17 2 BPIA Sustainability Symposium / Orlando, Florida / http://bit.ly/2vI7RY2

12-Oct-17 1 Amenity Forum Conference / Burton-on-Trent, UK / www.amenityforum.co.uk/conference.html

23-Oct-17 3 Annual Biocontrol Industry Meeting (ABIM) / Basel, Switzerland / www.abim.ch/home-abim.html

24-Oct-17 4 PestWorld 2017 / Baltimore , USA / http://conference.npmapestworld.org/

05-Nov-17 4 Entomology 2017: Ignite. Inspire. Innovate /Denver, Colorado, USA / http://entsoc.org/events/annual-meeting

15-Nov-17 1 PestTech 2017 / Coventry, UK / www.npta.org.uk/pesttech

22-Nov-17 3 FAOPMA-Pest Summit 2017/ Chiang Mai, Thailand / www.faopma.com

22-Nov-17 2 Ag Formulation and Technology Congress and R&D of Agri Products Congress / Amsterdam, Netherlands /
www.agformtechnology.com www.agriproduct-rd.com

03-Dec-17 4 3rd International Conference on Global Food Security/Cape Town, South Africa / http://www.globalfoodsecurity
conference.com/

24-Jan-18 2 Pest Protect / Bremen, Germany / http://www.pest-protect.eu/

14-Mar-18 1 PPCLive2018 / Three Counties Showground, Worcestershire, UK/ http://www.bpca.org.uk/pages/index.cfm?page_
id=314&ppc_live_2014

03-Sep-18 5 6th International Conf. on Rodent Biology & Management and 16th Rodens et Spatium/Potdam, Germany /
https://rodents2018.org/

International Pest Control intends to be at the following events, we hope to see you there.

zz BCPC Congress 2017, Brighton, UK, 03-04 Oct 2017 zz PestTech 2017, Coventry, UK 15 Nov 2017
zz ABIM 2017 Basel, Switzerland, 23-25 Oct 2017 zz FAOPMA 2017 Chiang Mai, Thailand 22-24 Nov 2017
zz PestWorld 2017, Baltimore, USA, 24-27 Oct 2017

238 www.international-pest-control.com July/August 2017

People © dervish15 - Fotolia.com ­ Germany ­

24th to 25th
January 2018

Join us and
be part
of our
Trade Fair!

www.pest-protect.eu

organized by German Pest Control Association - Deutscher Schädlingsbekämpfer-Verband e.V. (DSV)