KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 87 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 10.1.2 Determine and interpret index numbers. 10.1.3 Solve problems involving index numbers. Suggested Activities: Contextual learning and future studies may be involved. 10.2 Composite Index Pupils are able to: 10.2.1 Determine and interpret composite index with and without the weightage. Notes: The meaning of weightage needs to be discussed. Various situations need to be involved. Weightage can be represented by numbers, ratios, percentages, reading on bar charts or pie charts and others. The formula for composite index, i I = Index number Wi = Weightage
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 88 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 10.2.2 Solve problems involving index numbers and composite index. Notes: Interpreting the index to identify the trend of a certain set of data need to be involved. Data represented in various forms need to be involved. Suggested Activities: Problem-based learning may be carried out.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 89 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of index numbers. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of index numbers. 3 Apply the understanding of index numbers to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of index numbers in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of index numbers in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of index numbers in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 90
91 Content Standard, Learning Standard and Performance Standard Form 5
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KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 93 LEARNING AREA GEOMETRY TOPIC 1.0 CIRCULAR MEASURE
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 94 1.0 CIRCULAR MEASURE CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 1.1 Radian Pupils are able to: 1.1.1 Relate angle measurement in radian and degree. Notes: Real-life situations need to be involved throughout this topic. The definition of one radian needs to be discussed. Measurement in radian can be expressed: (a) in terms of . (b) without involving . 1.2 Arc Length of a Circle Pupils are able to: 1.2.1 Determine (i) arc length, (ii) radius, and (iii) angle subtended at the centre of a circle. Notes: Derivation of the formula s = r needs to be discussed. 1.2.2 Determine perimeter of segment of a circle. The use of sine rule and cosine rule can be involved. 1.2.3 Solve problems involving arc length.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 95 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 1.3 Area of Sector of a Circle Pupils are able to: 1.3.1 Determine (i) area of sector, (ii) radius, and (iii) angle subtended at the centre of a circle. Notes: Derivation of the formula A = r 2 needs to be discussed. 1.3.2 Determine the area of segment of a circle. The use of the following formulae can be involved: (a) Area of triangle = ab sin C (b) Area of triangle ss as bs c 1.3.3 Solve problems involving areas of sectors. 1.4 Application of Circular Measures Pupils are able to: 1.4.1 Solve problems involving circular measure.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 96 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of circular measure. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of circular measure. 3 Apply the understanding of circular measure to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of circular measure in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of circular measure in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of circular measure in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 97 LEARNING AREA CALCULUS TOPIC 2.0 DIFFERENTIATION
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 98 2.0 DIFFERENTIATION CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 2.1 Limit and its Relation to Differentiation Pupils are able to: 2.1.1 Investigate and determine the value of limit of a function when its variable approaches zero. Notes: Real-life situations need to be involved throughout this topic. Graphing calculator or dynamic geometry software needs to be used throughout this topic. Exploratory activities using table of values and graphs when the value of the variable approaches zero from two opposite directions need to be involved. The notation of needs to be introduced. 2.1.2 Determine the first derivative of a function f(x) by using the first principle. Exploratory activities to determine the first derivative of a function using the idea of limit needs to be involved. When y = f x x y dx dy x lim 0 . The relation between the first derivative and the gradient of a tangent should be emphasised.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 99 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 2.2 The First Derivative Pupils are able to: 2.2.1 Derive the formula of first derivative inductively for the function n y ax , a is a constant and n is an integer. Notes: Differentiation notations f x dx dy and dx d ( ) where ( ) is a function of x, need to be involved. 2.2.2 Determine the first derivative of an algebraic function. Further exploration using dynamic geometry software to compare the graphs of f(x) and f’(x) (gradient function graph) can be carried out. 2.2.3 Determine the first derivative of composite function. Chain rule needs to be involved. The use of the idea of limit to prove the chain rule can be discussed. 2.2.4 Determine the first derivative of a function involving product and quotient of algebraic expressions. The use of the idea of limit to prove product rule and quotient rule can be discussed. 2.3 The Second Derivative Pupils are able to: 2.3.1 Determine the second derivative of an algebraic function. Notes : 2 2 dx d y = dx dy dx d and ( ) f (x) dx d f x need to be emphasised.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 100 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 2.4 Application of Differentiation Pupils are able to: 2.4.1 Interpret gradient of tangent to a curve at different points. 2.4.2 Determine equation of tangent and normal to a curve at a point. 2.4.3 Solve problems involving tangent and normal. 2.4.4 Determine the turning points and their nature. Notes: The following matters need to be involved: (a) Sketching tangent method (b) Second derivative method (c) Point of Inflection 2.4.5 Solve problems involving maximum and minimum values and interpret the solutions. Suggested activity: Graph sketching can be involved.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 101 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 2.4.6 Interpret and determine rates of change for related quantities. The use of chain rule needs to be emphasised. 2.4.7 Solve problems involving rates of change for related quantities and interpret the solutions. 2.4.8 Interpret and determine small changes and approximations of certain quantities. 2.4.9 Solve problems involving small changes and approximations of certain quantities. Problems involved are limited to two variables.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 102 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of differentiation. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of differentiation. 3 Apply the understanding of differentiation to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of differentiation in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of differentiation in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of differentiation in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 103 LEARNING AREA CALCULUS TOPIC 3.0 INTEGRATION
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 104 3.0 INTEGRATION CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 3.1 Integration as the Inverse of Differentiation Pupils are able to: 3.1.1 Explain the relation between differentiation and integration. Suggested activities: The use of dynamic software is encouraged throughout this topic. Notes: Real-life situations need to be involved throughout this topic. Exploratory activities need to be carried out. 3.2 Indefinite Integral Pupils are able to: 3.2.1 Derive the indefinite integral formula inductively. Notes: Limited to , a is a constant, n is an integer and n 1. The constant, c needs to be emphasised. 3.2.2 Determine indefinite integral for algebraic functions. The following integrations need to be involved: (a) (b)
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 105 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 3.2.3 Determine indefinite integral for functions in the form of , where a and b are constants, n is an integer and n –1. Suggested activities: Substitution method can be involved. 3.2.4 Determine the equation of curve from its gradient function. 3.3 Definite Integral Pupils are able to: 3.3.1 Determine the value of definite integral for algebraic functions. Notes: The following characteristics of definite integral need to be emphasized: (a) (b) , . The use of diagrams needs to be emphasised. Exploratory activities need to be carried out. 3.3.2 Investigate and explain the relation between the limit of the sum of areas of rectangles and the area under a curve. When n approaches , x approaches 0, area under the curve = =
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 106 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 3.3.3 Determine the area of a region. The meaning of the positive and negative signs for the value of area needs to be discussed. Area of region between two curves needs to be involved. 3.3.4 Investigate and explain the relation between the limits of the sum of volumes of cylinders and the generated volume by revolving a region. When n approaches , x approaches 0, generated volume = = When n approaches , approaches 0, generated volume = = 3.3.5 Determine the generated volume of a region revolved at the x-axis or the y-axis. Generated volume for region between two curves is excluded. 3.4 Application of Integration Pupils are able to: 3.4.1 Solve problems involving integration.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 107 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of integration. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of integration. 3 Apply the understanding of integration to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of integration in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of integration in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of integration in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 108
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 109 LEARNING AREA STATISTICS TOPIC 4.0 PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 110 4.0 PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 4.1 Permutation Pupils are able to: 4.1.1 Investigate and make generalisation about multiplication rule. Notes: Real-life situations and tree diagrams need to be involved throughout this topic. The calculator is only used after the students understand the concept. Multiplicaton rule: If a certain event can occur in m ways and another event can occur in n ways, then both events can occur in m × n ways. 4.1.2 Determine the number of permutations for (i) n different objects (ii) n different objects taken r at a time. (iii) n objects involving identical objects. The notation n! needs to be involved. Formula nPr = needs to be emphasised. 4.1.3 Solve problems involving permutations with certain conditions. Cases involving identical objects or arrangement of objects in a circle limited to one condition.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 111 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 4.2 Combination Pupils are able to: 4.2.1 Compare and contrast permutation and combination. Notes: The relation between combination and permutation, r! P C r n r n needs to be discussed. 4.2.2 Determine the number of combinations of r objects chosen from n different objects at a time. 4.2.3 Solve problems involving combinations with certain conditions.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 112 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of permutation and combination. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of permutation and combination. 3 Apply the understanding of permutation and combination to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of permutation and combination in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of permutation and combination in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of permutation and combination in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 113 LEARNING AREA STATISTICS TOPIC 5.0 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 114 5.0 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 5.1 Random Variable Pupils are able to: 5.1.1 Describe the meaning of random variable. Notes: Real-life situations need to be involved throughout this topic. 5.1.2 Compare and contrast discrete random variable and continuous random variable. Set builder notations for discrete random variable and continuous random variable need to be involved. Example of representation for discrete random variable: X = {x: x = 0, 1, 2, 3} Example of representation for continuous random variable: X = {x: x is the height of pupils in cm, a1 < x < a2} Tree diagram and probability formula need to be used to introduce the concept of probability distribution for discrete random variable. Suggested activities: Simple experiments can be involved such as tossing coins or dice to explain the concept of probability distribution for discrete random variable.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 115 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 5.1.3 Describe the meaning of probability distribution for discrete random variables. Probability Distribution is a table or a graph that displays the possible values of a random variable, along with respective probabilities. 5.1.4 Construct table and draw graph of probability distribution for discrete random variable. 5.2 Binomial Distribution Pupils are able to: 5.2.1 Describe the meaning of binomial distribution. Notes: The characteristics of Bernoulli trials need to be discussed. The relation between Bernoulli trials and Binomial distribution need to be emphasised. 5.2.2 Determine the probability of an event for binomial distribution. Tree diagram needs to be used to study the values of probability for the binomial distribution. Formula r n r r n P X r C p q need not be derived. n i P X 1 ( ) 1. 5.2.3 Interpret information, construct table and draw graph of binomial distribution.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 116 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 5.2.4 Determine and describe the value of mean, variance and standard deviation for a binomial distribution. Mean as an expected average value when an event happens repeatedly needs to be emphasised. 5.2.5 Solve problems involving binomial distributions. Interpretation of solutions needs to be involved. 5.3 Normal Distribution 5.3.1 Investigate and describe the properties of normal distribution graph. Notes: Sketches of graphs and the importance of the normal distribution graph features need to be emphasised. The properties of random variation and the Law of Large Numbers need to be discussed. 5.3.2 Describe the meaning of standard normal distribution. The importance of converting normal distribution to standard normal distribution needs to be emphasised. The relation between normal distribution graph and standard normal distribution graph need to be discussed. 5.3.3 Determine and interprete standard score, Z.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 117 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 5.3.4 Determine the probability of an event for normal distribution. The use of the Standard Normal Distribution Table needs to be emphasised. The use of calculator, mobile application or website can be involved. Skill to determine the standard score, Z when given the probability value needs to be involved. 5.3.5 Solve problems involving normal distributions.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 118 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of random variables. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of probability distribution. 3 Apply the understanding of probability distribution to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of probability distribution in the context of simple routine problemsolving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of probability distribution in the context of complex routine problem-solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of probability distribution in the context of non-routine problemsolving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 119 LEARNING AREA TRIGONOMETRY TOPIC 6.0 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 120 6.0 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 6.1 Positive Angles and Negative Angles Pupils are able to: 6.1.1 Represent positive angles and negative angles in a Cartesian Plane. Notes: Angles in degrees and radians greater than 360 or 2 radian need to be involved throughout this topic. The following needs to be emphasised: (a) the position of angles in quadrants. (b) the relation between units in degrees and radians in terms of . Suggested activities: Dynamic software can be used to explore positive angles and negative angles. 6.2 Trigonometric Ratios of any Angle 6.2.1 Relate secant, cosecant and cotangent with sine, cosine and tangent of any angle in a Cartesian plane. Suggested activities: Exploratory activities involving the following complementary angles need to be carried out: (a) sin θ = cos (90°− θ) (b) cos θ = sin (90° − θ) (c) tan θ = cot (90° − θ) (d) cosec θ = sec (90°− θ) (e) sec θ = cosec (90°− θ) (f) cot θ = tan (90° − θ)
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 121 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 6.2.2 Determine the values of trigonometric ratios of any angle. Notes: The use of triangles to determine trigonometric ratios for special angles 30°, 45° dan 60° need to be emphasised. 6.3 Graphs of Sine, Cosine and Tangent Functions Pupils are able to: 6.3.1 Draw and sketch graphs of trigonometric functions: (i) y = a sin bx + c (ii) y = a cos bx + c (iii) y = a tan bx + c where a, b and c are constants and b > 0. Notes: The effect of the changes in constants a, b and c for graphs of trigonometric functions need to be discussed. The absolute value of trigonometric functions needs to be involved. Suggested activities: Dynamic software can be used to explore graphs of trigonometric functions. 6.3.2 Solve trigonometric equations using graphical method. Trigonometric equations for y that are not constants need to be involved. Sketches of graphs to determine the number of solutions need to be involved.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 122 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 6.4 Basic Identities Pupils are able to: 6.4.1 Derive basic identities: (i) (ii) (iii) Notes: Exploratory activities involving basic identities using right-angled triangle or unit circle need to be carried out: 6.4.2 Prove trigonometric identities using basic identities. 6.5 Addition Formulae and Double Angle Formulae Pupils are able to: 6.5.1 Prove trigonometric identities using addition formulae for sin (A ± B), cos (A ± B) and tan (A ± B). Suggested activities: Calculator can be used to verify addition formulae. 6.5.2 Derive double angle formulae for sin 2A, cos 2A and tan 2A. Notes: Half-angle formulae need to be discussed. 6.5.3 Prove trigonometric identities using doubleangle formulae. 6.6 Application of Trigonometric Functions 6.6.1 Solve trigonometric equations. 6.6.2 Solve problems involving trigonometric functions.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 123 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of trigonometric functions. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of trigonometric functions. 3 Apply the understanding of trigonometric functions to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of trigonometric functions in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of trigonometric functions in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of trigonometric functions in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 124
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 125 ELECTIVE PACKAGE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE TOPIC 7.0 LINEAR PROGRAMMING
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 126 7.0 LINEAR PROGRAMMING CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 7.1 Linear Programming Model Pupils are able to: 7.1.1 Form a mathematical model for a situation based on the constraints given and hence represent the model graphically. Notes: Real-life situations need to be involved throughout this topic. Exploratory activities involving optimisation need to be carried out. 7.2 Application of Linear Programming Pupils are able to: 7.2.1 Solve problems involving linear programming graphically. Notes: The terms of constraints, feasible region, objective function and optimum value need to be involved.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 127 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of linear programming model. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of linear programming model. 3 Apply the understanding of linear programming model to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of linear programming in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of linear programming in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of linear programming in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 128
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 129 ELECTIVE PACKAGE APPLICATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TOPIC 8.0 KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 130 8.0 KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 8.1 Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration as a Function of Time Pupils are able to: 8.1.1 Describe and determine instantaneous displacement, instantaneous velocity, instantaneous acceleration of a particle. Notes: Number lines and sketches of graphs need to be involved throughout this topic. The following need to be emphasised: (i) Representations of s = displacement, v = velocity, a = acceleration and t = time (ii) The relation between displacement, velocity and acceleration. (iii) Scalar quantity and vector quantity. (iv) The difference between distance and displacement speed and velocity The meaning of positive, negative and zero displacement, positive, negative and zero velocity, positive, negative and zero acceleration, need to be discussed. Simulation needs to be used to differentiate between positive displacement and negative displacement.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 131 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 8.1.2 Determine the total distance travelled by a particle in a given period of time. The displacement function is limited to linear and quadratic. 8.2 Differentiation in Kinematics of Linear Motion Pupils are able to: 8.2.1 Relate between displacement function, velocity function and acceleration function. Notes: The following relations need to be emphasised: Interpretations of graphs need to be involved. 8.2.2 Determine and interpret instantaneous velocities of a particle from displacement function. Maximum displacement, initial velocity and constant velocity need to be emphasised. 8.2.3 Determine and interpret instantaneous acceleration of a particle from velocity function and displacement function. Maximum velocity, minimum velocity and constant acceleration need to be emphasized. s = f(t) v = g(t) a = h(t) v = dt ds a = dt dv = 2 2 dt d s s = v dt v = a dt
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 132 CONTENT STANDARDS LEARNING STANDARDS NOTES 8.3 Integration in Kinematics of Linear Motion Pupils are able to: 8.3.1 Determine and interpret instantaneous velocity of a particle from accelaration function. 8.3.2 Determine and interpret instantaneous displacement of a particle from velocity function and accelaration function. Notes: Total distance needs to be involved. 8.4 Applications of Kinematics of Linear Motion Pupils are able to: 8.4.1 Solve problems of kinematics of linear motion involving differentiation and integration.
KSSM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5 133 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR 1 Demonstrate the basic knowledge of displacement, velocity and acceleration. 2 Demonstrate the understanding of displacement, velocity and acceleration. 3 Apply the understanding of displacement, velocity and acceleration to perform simple tasks. 4 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of kinematics of linear motion in the context of simple routine problem solving. 5 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of kinematics of linear motion in the context of complex routine problem solving. 6 Apply appropriate knowledge and skills of kinematics of linear motion in the context of non-routine problem solving in a creative manner.
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135 PANEL OF WRITERS 1. 1. Dr. Rusilawati binti Othman Curriculum Development Division 2. 2. Rosita binti Mat Zain Curriculum Development Division 3. 3. Noraida binti Md. Idrus Curriculum Development Division 4. 4. Susilawati binti Ehsan Curriculum Development Division 5. 5. Wong Sui Yong Curriculum Development Division 6. 6. Alyenda binti Ab. Aziz Curriculum Development Division 7. Noor Azura binti Ibrahim Text Book Division 8. Prof. Dr. Zanariah binti Abdul Majid Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 9. 7. Dr. Annie a/p Gorgey Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak 10. Gan Teck Hock IPGK Kota Bharu, Kelantan 11. Asjurinah binti Ayob SMK Raja Muda Musa, Selangor 12. Azizah binti Kamar SBPI Sabak Bernam, Selangor 13. Bibi Kismete Kabul Khan SMK Jelapang Jaya, Perak 14. Oziah binti Othman SMK Puchong Permai, Selangor 15. Rohani binti Md Nor Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah, Putrajaya
136 CONTRIBUTORS 1. Ahmad Afif bin Mohd Nawawi Matriculation Division 2. 8. Norlisa binti Mohamed @ Mohamed Noor Malaysian Examinations Council 3. Prof. Madya Dr. Muhamad Safiih bin Lola Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 4. 9. Prof. Madya Dr. Zailan bin Siri Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 5. Dr. Dalia binti Aralas Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 6. Dr. Suzieleez Syrene binti Abdul Rahim Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 7. Dr. Lam Kah Kei IPGK Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang 8. Dr. Najihah binti Mustaffa SM Sains Tapah, Perak 9. Asman bin Ali SMK Kuala Perlis, Perlis 10. Intan Ros Elyza binti Zainol Abidin SM Sains Hulu Selangor, Selangor 11. Masnaini binti Mahmad SMK Bandar Tun Hussein Onn 2, Selangor 12. Nor Haniza binti Abdul Hamid SMK St. John, Kuala Lumpur 13. Nur Aziah binti Nasir SMK Jalan Empat, Selangor 14. Nurbaiti binti Ahmad Zaki SMK Sierramas, Selangor 15. Sabariah binti Samad SM Sains Rembau, Negeri Sembilan 16. Sh. Maisarah binti Syed Mahamud SMK Seberang Jaya, Pulau Pinang 17. Siti Alifah binti Syed Jalal SMK Katholik (M), Selangor